高级英语Lesson 6 Mark Twain课文翻译
《高级英语》课文逐句翻译（6）
lesson6 ⼀个好机会 Lesson Six A Good Chance 我到鸭溪时，喜鹊没在家，我和他的妻⼦阿⽶莉亚谈了谈。
When I got to Crow Creek， Magpie was not home. I talked to his wife Amelia. “我要找喜鹊，”我说，“我给他带来了好消息。
”我指指提着的箱⼦，“我带来了他的诗歌和⼀封加利福尼亚⼤学的录取通知书，他们想让他来参加为印第安⼈举办的艺术课。
” “I need to find Magpie，” I said. “I've really got some good news for him.” I pointed to the briefcase I was carrying. “I have his poems and a letter of acceptance from a University in California where they want him to come and participate in the Fine Arts Program they have started for Indians.” “你知道他还在假释期间吗？” “Do you know that he was on parole？” “这个，不，不⼤清楚。
”我犹豫着说，“我⼀直没有和他联系，但我听说他遇到了些⿇烦。
” “Well， no， not exactly，” I said hesitantly， “I haven't kept in touch with him but I heard that he was in some kind of trouble. 她对我笑笑说：“他已经离开很久了。
你知道，他在这⼉不安全。
他的假释官随时都在监视他，所以他还是不到这⼉来为好，⽽且我们已经分开⼀段时间了，我听说他在城⾥的什么地⽅。
高级英语课文详解
02
bathtub [bæθtʌb, bɑθ-] n. 浴缸，澡盆 eg: Please let the water out of the bathtub. 请把浴缸里的水放掉。 Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh . The moralizing of his earlier writing had been well padded with humor . Now the gloves came off with biting satire . 译文：这个曾经给全世界带来欢笑的人自己却饱尝了人世间的不幸与辛酸。他早期作品中的说教包着幽默的外衣，可现在幽默却变成了辛辣的讽刺。
spinal [spaɪnəl] adj. 脊柱的，与脊柱有关的；针的，刺的；棘状突起的 adv. 在脊骨方面，压着脊骨 n. [医]脊髓麻醉 spinal injuries 脊椎损伤 meningitis [mɛnɪn`dʒaɪtɪs] n. 脑膜炎 Meningitis is a serious infectious illness which affects your brain and spinal cord. bronchitis 支气管炎 tonsillitis 扁桃体炎 appendicitis：阑尾炎 hepatitis 肝炎 arthritis 关节炎
高级英语(第三版)第一册第六课 Mark Train[精]
![高级英语(第三版)第一册第六课 Mark Train[精]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/27c89c7269eae009581becfc.png)
• As a man, he grew up with America as a country (a young country)
His love/feeling for his country was profound. profound anger/ shock/ disagreement. a profound idea, work, person---shows great intellectual depth and understanding. This book is full of profound insights 深邃的见解.
Part Two
Paragraphs 2-6
His Life
______ Historic Events of USA
Tramp printer
River pilot --
Prosperous Mississippi River
Transcontinental Railroads
Guerrilla –
The Civil War
Prospector --
deal, obsess with , frailties
• deal sb. a blow… to cause sb. great difficulties
He dealt me a hard blow on the chin The news dealt me a severe blow
• obsess: v . To occupy the mind of excessively, keep thinking about sth and find it difficult to think about anything else. 使着迷, 困扰
高级英语(1)第三版 Lesson 6 Mark Twain Paraphrase&Translation 答案
1) Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure2) The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied-- a cosmos.3) All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic4) Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well.5) He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in Nevada's Washoe region.6) Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.7) "It was a splendid population – for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home...8) 'Well, that is California all over’'"9) "What a robust people, what a nation of thinkers we might be, if we would only lay ourselves on the shelf occasionally and renew our edges."10) The last of his own illusions seemed to have crumbled near the end.参考答案1) Mark Twain is known to most Americans as the author of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and its sequel Huckleberry Finn, which are generally acknowledged to be his greatest works. Huck Finn is noted for his simple and pleasant journey through his boyhood which seems eternal and Tom Sawyer is famous for his free roam of the country and his adventure in one summer which seems never to end. The youth and summer are eternal because this is the only age and time we knew them. They are frozen in that age or season for all readers.2) In his new profession he could meet people of all kinds. His work on the boat made it possible for him to meeta large variety of people. It is a world of all types of characters.3) All would reappear in his books, written in the colorful language that he seemed to be able to remember and record as accurately as a phonograph.4) Steamboat decks were filled with people of pioneering spirit (people who explored and prepared the way for others) and also lawless people or social outcasts such as hustlers, gamblers and thugs.5) He took a horse-drawn public vehicle and went west to Nevada, following the flow of people in the Gold Rush.6) Mark Twain began working hard to became well known locally as a newspaper reporter and humorist.7) Those who came pioneering out west were energetic, courageous and reckless people, because those who stayed at home were slow, dull and lazy people.8) That's typical of California.9) If we relaxed, rested or stayed away from all this crazy struggle for success occasionally and kept the daring and enterprising spirit, we would be able to remain strong and healthy and continue to produce great thinkers. 10) At the end of his life, he lost the last bit of his positive view of man and the world.1）汤姆很聪明，丝毫不亚于班上的第一名学生。
高级英语第一册第六课Mark Twain
• 29 feud: long-lasting and bitter quarrel or dispute • between two people or groups.
• 30 • •
piracy: robbery of ships on the high seas, robbery carried out by pirates, persons who sail the seas stopping and robbing ships.
• 12 acid-tongued: if sb. is acid-tongued, he makes unkind or critical remarks. • 13 • • • digest: a. When you digest food, the food passes through your stomach and is broken down so that your body can use it. b. If you digest information, you think about it, understand it, and remember it. c. A digest is a collection of things that have
• 18 • • • 19 •
keel: a long bar along the bottom of a boat or ship from which the whole frame of the boat or ship is built up. raft: floating platform made from large pieces of wood, oil-drums, etc, that are tied
(完整word版)高级英语mark_twain—mirror_of_america翻译
Mark Twain-the Mirror of AmericaMost Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. In-deed, this nation's best-loved author was every bit as ad-venturous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain as well –one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人的心目中，马克?吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克?费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆?索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克?吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克?吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
Tramp printer, river pilot , Confederate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic: The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life, digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer. He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days, signaling two fathoms (12 feet) of water -- a navigable depth. His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print, and translations are still read around the world.印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克?吐温原名塞缪尔?朗赫恩?克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
高级英语Lesson-6-(Book-2)-Disappearing-Through-the-Skylight-课文翻译
Lesson 6 Disappearing Through the Skylight从天窗中消失小奥斯本·本内特·哈迪森科学是能够为人们普遍接受的。
有一个事实可用来说明这一点：一门科学发展程度越高，其基本概念就越能为人们普遍接受。
举例而言，世界上就只有一种热力学，并不存在什么分开独立的中国热力学、美国热力学或者苏联热力学。
在二十世纪的几十年的时间里，遗传学曾分为两派；西方遗传学和苏联遗传学。
后者源于李森科的理论，即环境的作用可能造成遗传基因的变异。
今天，李森科的理论已经被推翻，因此，世界上就只有一种遗传学了。
作为科学的自然产物，工艺技术也显示出一种世界通用的倾向。
这就是为什么工艺技术的发展传播使世界呈现出一体化特征的原因。
原本各异的世界各地的建筑风格、服饰风格、音乐风格——甚至饮食风格——都越来越趋向于变成统一的世界流行风格了。
世界呈现出同一性特征是因为它本来具有同一性。
在这个世界上长大的儿童感受到的是一个千篇一律的世界而不是一个多样化的世界。
他们的个性也受到这种同一性的影响，因此，在他们的感觉中，不同文化和个人之间的差异变得越来越小了。
由于世界各地的建筑越来越千篇一律，居住在这些建筑里的人也越来越千人一面了。
这样带来的结果用一句人们已经听熟的话来描述再恰当不过：历史要消失了。
以汽车为例即可非常清楚地证明这一点。
诸如流线型或全焊接式车身结构一类的技术革新，一开始可能不被人接受，但假如这种技术革新在提高汽车制造业的工作效率和经济效益方面确有巨大作用，它便会一再地以各种变异的形式出现，直到最终它不仅会被接受，而且会被大家公认为是一种宝贵的成果。
今天的汽车再也找不出某个汽车公司或某个民族文化的标志性特征了。
一般的汽车，不管产于何地，其基本特征都大同小异。
几年前，福特汽车公司制造出一种菲爱斯塔牌汽车，并将其称为“世界流行车”。
这种车出现在广告上的形象是周围环绕着世界各国的国旗。
福特公司解释说，这种汽车的汽缸活塞是英国产的，汽化器是爱尔兰造的，变速器是法国产的，车轮是比利时产的，诸如此类，等等等等。
(完整word版)高级英语Paraphrase 和翻译
Lesson 1.Paraphrase：1. We're elevated 23 feet. (para 3)We' re 23 feet above sea level.2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. (para 3) 2. The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.3.We can batten down and ride it out. (para 4) 3. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.4. The generator was doused, and the lights went out. (para 9) 4. Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out.5. Everybody out the back door to the cars! (para 10) 5. Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.6. The electrical systems had been killed by water. (para 11) 6. The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.7. John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt. (para 17) 7. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.8. Get us through this mess, will You? (para 17) 8. ()h God, please help us to get through this storm safely.9. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away. (para 21) 9. Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.10. Janis had just one delayed reaction. (para 34) 10. Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.1.Simile: 1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparingthe passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire)2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the soundof the wind to the roar of a passing train)Metaphor : 1. We can batten down and ride it out. ( comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea) 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.)Translation1) 每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。
高级英语Lesson 6 Mark Twain课文翻译
Lesson 6 Mark Twain ---Mirror of America马克.吐温--美国的一面镜子(节选) 诺埃尔.格罗夫Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. In-deed,this nation's best-loved author was every bit as ad-venturous,patriotic,romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined.I found another Twain as well–one who grew cynical,bitter,saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him,a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race,who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人的心目中，马克•吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克•费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆•索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克•吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克•吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
Tramp printer,river pilot,Confederate guerrilla,prospector,starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic:The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life,digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer.He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days,signaling two fathoms (12feet)of water--a navigable depth.His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print,and translations are still read around the world.印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克•吐温原名塞缪尔•朗赫恩•克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
高级英语-unit6-Mark-Twain-—Mirror-of-America
2016/11/8
8
In the 1890s Twain lost most of his earnings in financial speculations and in the downhill of his own publishing firm. The death of his wife and his second daughter brought a sense of gloom in the author's later years, which is seen in writings and his autobiography. Twain died on April 21, 1910.
愛好像發生得很快然而它是一切成長中愛好像發生得很快然而它是一切成長中最緩慢的
Lesson Six
Mark Twain —Mirror of America
2016/11/8
1
Teaching Aims
1) 2) 3) 4)
To acquaint students with the major events in the history of USA. To acquaint students with the life and writing of Mark Twain. To acquaint students with the writing of biography. To help students to appreciate the rich rhetorical devices in the text
The proper office of a friend is to side with you when you are in the wrong. Nearly anybody will side with you when you are in the right. Loyalty to petrified opinions never yet broke a chain or freed a human soul in this world--and never will. Loves seems the swiftest, but it is the slowest of all growths. No man or woman really knows what perfect love is until they have been married a quarter of a century.愛好像發生得很快，然而它是一切成長中
高级英语Mark Twain Mirror of America
Worked for realism Dealt largely with the lower strata of society Famous for his theories of localism and colloquial(方言的) style Influenced Sherwood Anderson, Ernest Hemingway, J. D. Salinger and etc.
Reporter
San Francisco (para. 8) Mistreatment of Chinese (para. 9)
Correspondent
Europe and the Holy Land(para.12) Turkey(para. 13)
Writer
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry Fin (para. 14-19)
A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court(1889) The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg (1900) Mysterious Straliam Dean Howells
Henry James
National Geographic
It has been published continuously since its first issue in 1888. It primarily contains articles about geography, history, and world culture.
Is there real free-lunch in the world? Maybe there is!
(完整版)高级英语mark_twain—mirror_of_america翻译
Mark Twain-the Mirror of AmericaMost Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. In-deed, this nation's best-loved author was every bit as ad-venturous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain as well –one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人的心目中，马克?吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克?费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆?索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克?吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克?吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
Tramp printer, river pilot , Confederate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic: The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life, digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer. He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days, signaling two fathoms (12 feet) of water -- a navigable depth. His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print, and translations are still read around the world.印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克?吐温原名塞缪尔?朗赫恩?克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
高级英语mark_twain—mirror_of_america翻译
Mark Twain-the Mirror of AmericaMost Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. In-deed, this nation's best-loved author was every bit as ad-venturous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain as well –one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人的心目中，马克?吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克?费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆?索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克?吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克?吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
Tramp printer, river pilot , Confederate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic: The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life, digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer. He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days, signaling two fathoms (12 feet) of water -- a navigable depth. His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print, and translations are still read around the world.印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克?吐温原名塞缪尔?朗赫恩?克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
高级英语Mark Twain- Mirror of America
lay ourselves on the shelf: relax, rest or stay away from all this crazy struggle for success
• edge [ɛdʒ] n.边；优势（悬崖、峭壁的） 边缘，端；锋利，尖锐 vt.在…上加边界；使渐进；给（刀刃）磨 边，使锋利；修整 vi.慢慢向前移动，侧身移动
vi :There was renewed fighting yesterday. 昨天战斗重新打响了。
• Personal tragedy haunted his entire life ,
in the deaths of loved ones:his father dying of pneumonia when Sam was 12；
eg: She looked so haunted, I almost didn't recognize her. 她愁容满面，我差点儿没认 出她来。
pneumonia [nʊˈmonjə,njʊ-]
n. [医]肺炎；急性肺炎
eg :She nearly died of pneumonia. 她差点儿死于肺炎。
• 翻译：马克吐温觉得，美国式的抱负中缺 少一个成分。他说：如果我们能偶然的彻 底放松一下，使我们的棱角保持锋利，那 么我们的民族将会是一个多么富有朝气， 多么善于思考的民族啊。
ingredient 成分，原料， 因素，要素 eg: our skin cream contains only natural
• N-count 可数名词 爆炸声;轰然巨响
• There was an explosion of music. 突然爆发出一阵震耳欲聋的音乐声.
张汉熙《高级英语(1)》(第3版重排版)学习指南-Lesson 6 Mark Twain—Mirro
Lesson 6 Mark Twain—Mirror of America (Excerpts)一、词汇短语1. idyllic adj. an idyllic place or time is verybeautiful, happy, and peaceful, with no problems or dangers田园诗的；简朴的，无忧无虑的：an idyllic life田园式的生活2. cruise v. to sail from place to place, as for pleasure or in search ofsomething巡游，巡航3. eternal] adj. seemingly endless; interminable永恒的，永久的：Eternal life to the revolutionary martyrs!革命烈士们永垂不朽！4. patriotic adj. feeling, expressing, or inspired by love forone’s country爱国的，有爱国之心的：patriotic oversea Chinese爱国华侨5. cynical adj. scornful of the motives, virtue, or integrity ofothers愤世嫉俗的，冷嘲热讽的：Goldman was still acid, cynical and bitingabout Judaism. 哥尔德曼仍然对犹太教辛酸尖刻、冷嘲热讽。
6. obsess vt. to have the mind excessively preoccupied with a singleemotion or topic萦绕，被困扰：The fear of death obsessed her throughouther old age.她晚年一直受着死亡恐惧的困扰。
完整word版,高级英语(1)第三版Lesson6MarkTwainParaphraseTranslation答案
1) Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure2) The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied-- a cosmos.3) All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic4) Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well.5) He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in Nevada's Washoe region.6) Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.7) "It was a splendid population – for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home...8) 'Well, that is California all over’'"9) "What a robust people, what a nation of thinkers we might be, if we would only lay ourselves on the shelf occasionally and renew our edges."10) The last of his own illusions seemed to have crumbled near the end.参考答案1) Mark Twain is known to most Americans as the author of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and its sequel Huckleberry Finn, which are generally acknowledged to be his greatest works. Huck Finn is noted for his simple and pleasant journey through his boyhood which seems eternal and Tom Sawyer is famous for his free roam of the country and his adventure in one summer which seems never to end. The youth and summer are eternal because this is the only age and time we knew them. They are frozen in that age or season for all readers.2) In his new profession he could meet people of all kinds. His work on the boat made it possible for him to meeta large variety of people. It is a world of all types of characters.3) All would reappear in his books, written in the colorful language that he seemed to be able to remember and record as accurately as a phonograph.4) Steamboat decks were filled with people of pioneering spirit (people who explored and prepared the way for others) and also lawless people or social outcasts such as hustlers, gamblers and thugs.5) He took a horse-drawn public vehicle and went west to Nevada, following the flow of people in the Gold Rush.6) Mark Twain began working hard to became well known locally as a newspaper reporter and humorist.7) Those who came pioneering out west were energetic, courageous and reckless people, because those who stayed at home were slow, dull and lazy people.8) That's typical of California.9) If we relaxed, rested or stayed away from all this crazy struggle for success occasionally and kept the daring and enterprising spirit, we would be able to remain strong and healthy and continue to produce great thinkers. 10) At the end of his life, he lost the last bit of his positive view of man and the world.1）汤姆很聪明，丝毫不亚于班上的第一名学生。
高级英语Paraphrase_和翻译
Lesson 2 Hiroshima --- the “Liveliest”City in Japanreportorial ( adj.) :reporting报道的，报告的kimono ( n.) :part of the traditional costume of Japanese men and women和服preoccupation ( n.) :a matter which takes up an one's attention令人全神贯注的事物oblivious ( adj.) :forgetful or unmindful(usually with of or to)忘却的;健忘的(常与of或to连用)bob ( v.) :move or act in a bobbing manner，move suddenly or jerkily;to curtsy quickly上下跳动，晃动;行屈膝礼ritual ( adj.) : of or having the nature of，or done as a rite or rites仪式的，典礼的facade ( n.) :the front of a building;part of a building facing a street，courtyard，etc.(房屋)正面，门面lurch ( v.) :roll，pitch，or sway suddenly forward or to one side突然向前(或向侧面)倾斜intermezzo ( n.) :a short piece of music played alone.or one which connects longer pieces插曲;间奏曲gigantic ( adj.) :very big;huge;colossal;immense巨大的，庞大的，其大无比的usher ( n.) :an official doorkeeper门房;传达员heave (v.) :utter(a sign，groan，etc.)with great effort or pain(费劲或痛苦地)发出(叹息、呻吟声等)barge ( n.) :a large boat，usually flat-bottomed，for carrying heavy freight on rivers，canals，etc.;a large pleasure boat，esp. one used for state ceremonies，pageants，etc.大驳船;(尤指用于庆典的)大型游艇moor ( v.) :hold(a ship，etc.)in place by cables or chains to the shore，or by anchors，etc.系泊;锚泊arresting (adj.) :attracting attention;interesting;striking引人注目的;有趣的beige ( adj.) :grayish-tan米黄色;浅灰黄色的tatami ( n.) :[Jap.]a floor mat woven of rice straw，used traditionally in Japanese homes for sitting on，as when eating[日]日本人家里铺在地板上的稻草垫，榻榻米stunning ( adj.) :[colloq.]remarkably attractive，excellent[口]极其漂亮的;极其出色的twinge ( n.) :a sudden，brief，darting pain or pang;a sudden.brief feeling of remorse，shame，etc.刺痛;痛心，懊悔slay ( v.) :(slew或slayed, slain，slaying)kill or destroy in a violent way杀害;毁掉linger ( v.) :continue to live or exist although very close to death or the end苟延;历久犹存agony ( n.) :very great mental or physical pain(精神上或肉体上的)极度痛苦inhibit ( v.) :hold back or keep from some action，feeling，etc 抑制(感情等);约束(行动等)spinal ( adj. ) :of or having to do with the spine or spinal cord脊背的;脊柱的;脊髓的agitated ( adj.) :shaken;perturbed;excited颤抖的;不安的，焦虑的;激动的reverie ( n.) :a dreamy，fanciful，or visionary notion or daydream梦想;幻想;白日梦heinous (adj.) :outrageously evil or wicked;abominable 极可恨的，极可恶的，极坏的cataclysm ( n.) :a violent and sudden change or event.esp. a serious flood or earthquake灾变(尤指洪水、地震等) demolish ( v.) :pull down，tear down，or smash to pieces拆毁，拆除;破坏，毁坏formaldehyde ( n.) :[chem.]a colorless，pungent gas，HCHO，used in solution as a strong disinfectant and preservation，and in the manufacture of synthetic resins，dyes. etc.[化]甲醛ether ( n.) :[chem.]a light colorless liquid made from alcohol，which burns and is easily changed into a gas(used in industry and as an anaesthetic to put people to sleep before an operation)[化]醚;乙醚humiliate ( v.) :hurt the pride or dignity of by causing to be or seem foolish or contemptible使受辱，使丢脸genetic (adj.) :of or having to do with genetics遗传的短语(Expressions)have a lump in one’s throat: a feeling of pressure in one’s throat (cause by repressed emotion as love，sadness，etc.)如哽在喉，哽咽(因压制激动的情绪所致，如爱、悲伤等)例：Many British people had a lump in their throat on hearing the death of Dianna.on one’s mind: occupying one’s thoughts(esp.as a source of wor- ry，)占领某人的思绪，一直在想的(尤指忧虑的来源) 例：The thought that is always on my mind is whether to go broad or not.rub shoulders with: meet and mix with(people)与(人们)联系，交往例：The foreign visitors said that they would like to rub shoulders with ordinary Chinese people.set off: start(a journey，race，etc.)开始(旅行，赛跑等)例：If you want to catch that train we’better set off for the station immediately.flash by/past/through: move very quickly in the specified direction急速向某方向运动例：The train flashed by at high speed火车疾驰而过。
高级英语lesson6 mark twain
pen is associated with writiห้องสมุดไป่ตู้g talent, pickaxe is associated with mining
Thank you ~
5. Antithesis:（对偶）
• ...between what people claim to be and what they really are...
• ...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land...
• ...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever
• The cast of characters... - a cosmos.
.
4. Personification（拟人）
• the river had acquainted him with ...
• ...to literature's enduring gratitude...
• ...an entry that will determine his course forever...
• ...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home .../ with a dash and daring.../ ...a recklessness of cost or consequences...
8. Metonymy:（转喻） ...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe
6. Euphemism（委婉语） • ...men's final release from earthly struggle diligently avoiding contact with the enemy -----means: retreating
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Lesson 6 Mark Twain ---Mirror of America马克.吐温--美国的一面镜子(节选) 诺埃尔.格罗夫Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. In-deed,this nation's best-loved author was every bit as ad-venturous,patriotic,romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined.I found another Twain as well–one who grew cynical,bitter,saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him,a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race,who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人的心目中，马克•吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克•费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆•索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克•吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克•吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
Tramp printer,river pilot,Confederate guerrilla,prospector,starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic:The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life,digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer.He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days,signaling two fathoms (12feet)of water--a navigable depth.His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print,and translations are still read around the world.印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克•吐温原名塞缪尔•朗赫恩•克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
他的笔名取自他在蒸汽船上做工时听到的报告水深为两口寻(12英尺)——意即可以通航的信号语。
他的作品中有二十几部至今仍在印行，其外文译本仍在世界各地拥有读者，由此可见他的享誉程度。
The geographic core,in Twain's early years,was the great valley of the Mississippi River,main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart.Keelboats，flatboats, and large rafts carried the first major commerce.Lumber,corn,tobacco,wheat,and furs moved downstream to the delta country;sugar,molasses,cotton,and whiskey traveled north.In the1850's,before the climax of westward expansion,the vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United States.在马克•吐温青年时代，美国的地理中心是密西西比河流域，而密西西比河是这个年轻国家中部的交通大动脉。
龙骨船、平底船和大木筏载运着最重要的商品。
木材、玉米、烟草、小麦和皮货通过这些运载工具顺流而下，运送到河口三角洲地区，而砂糖、糖浆、棉花和威士忌酒等货物则被运送到北方。
在19世纪50年代，西部领土开发高潮到来之前，辽阔的密西西比河流域占美国已开发领土的四分之三。
Young Mark Twain entered that world in1857as a cub pilot on a steamboat.The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied a cosmos. He participated abundantly in this life,listening to pilothouse talk of feuds,piracies, lynchings,medicine shows,and savage waterside slums.All would resurface in his books,together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic.1857年，少年马克•吐温作为蒸汽船上的一名小领航员踏人了这片天地。
在这个新的工作岗位上，他接触到的是各式各样的人物，看到的是一个多姿多彩的大干世界。
他完全地投身到这种生活之中，经常在操舵室里听着人们谈论民间争斗、海盗抢劫、私刑案件、游医卖药以及河边的一些化外民居的故事。
所有这一切，连同他那像留声机般准确可靠的记忆所吸收的丰富多彩的语言，后来都有机会在他的作品中得以再现。
Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers,gamblers,and thugs as well.From them all MarkTwain gained a keen perception of the human race,of the difference between what people claim to be and what they really are.His four and a half year s in the steamboat trade marked the real beginning of his education,and the most lasting part of it.In later life Twain acknowledged that the river had acquainted him with every possible type of human nature.Those acquaintanceships strengthened all his writing,but he never wrote better than when he wrote of the people a-long the great stream.蒸汽船的甲板上不仅挤满了富有开拓精神的人们，而且也载着一些娼妓、赌棍和歹徒等社会渣滓。
从所有这些形形色色的人身上，马克•吐温敏锐地认识了人类，认识了人们的言与行之间的差距。
他在蒸汽船上工作的四年半时间是他真正接受教育的开端，而且也是最具有深远意义的教育。
到了晚年，马克•吐温还声言是密西西比河使他了解了各种各样的人的本性。
这种生活体验对他的全部创作都起了促进作用，然而他描写得最为成功的还是那些密西西比河上的人物。
When railroads began drying up the demand for steam-boat pilots and the Civil War halted commerce,Mark Twain left the river country.He tried soldiering for two weeks with a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy.Twain quit after deciding,"...I knew more about retreating than the man that invented retreating."随着铁路运输的发展，社会上对汽船领航员的需求日渐减少，而内战的爆发又阻碍了商业贸易的发展。
这时，马克•吐温便离开了密西西比河流域。
他在南方邦联游击队的一支杂牌队伍里当了两个星期的兵。
那支队伍想方设法避免与敌军交战。
在确信―我比发明撤退的人更精通撤退‖之后，马克•吐温离开了那支队伍。
He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in Nevada's Washoe region.For eight months he flirted with the colossalwealth available to the lucky and the persistent,and was rebuffed.Broke and discouraged,he accepted a job as reporter with the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise,to literature's enduring gratitude.他乘驿站马车来到西部，在内华达州的华苏地区受到当时正流行的淘金热的诱惑。