华师现代汉语语法(练习)

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(04-12)华中师范大学语言学-真题

(04-12)华中师范大学语言学-真题

(04-12)华中师范大学语言学-真题华中师范大学语言学真题2004年华中师范大学语言学试题壹、现代汉语部分(共80分)一、名词解释(每题4分,共20分)1、普通话2、调值3、语义场4、语法单位5、合作原则二、问答题(每题10分,共20分)1、与印欧语相比,现代汉语语法有什么特点?2、义位元的划分需要遵循哪些基本原则?三、分析题(每题10分,共20分)1、用义素分析法分析下面一组词的义素。

哥哥弟弟姐姐妹妹2、结合下面的例子,说明复句的关系词语的显示、转化和复现作用。

我想见到他,又怕见到他。

我想见到他,却怕见到他。

4、或百步而后止,或五十步而后止。

5、强秦之所以不敢加兵于赵者6、欲与大叔,臣请事之7、孙子谓田忌曰:“君第重射,臣能令君胜。

”8、彼且奚适也。

9、子诚齐人也。

10、晋公子有三焉,天其或者将建诸?七、翻译下列各句中加下划线之词的文字。

(15分)1.犹能雉头狐腋。

2.歌女三百人尽皆国色。

2005年华中师范大学语言学试题壹、现代汉语部分(共80分)一、名词解释(每题4分,共20分)1、现代汉语2、音位3、反义词4、词类5、礼貌原则二、问答题(每题10分,共20分)1、现行汉字规范化和标准化的主要内容是什么?2、试说明汉语的调值和调类的联系和区别。

三、分析题(每题10分,共20分)共20分)1、现代汉语前加式派生词和标准化的主要内容是什么?2、从动词和名词的语义关系角度(如动词的施事、受事、结果、工具等),分析“煮饭”和“煮面条”的差别。

四、论述题(20分)从语序和语用效果两个方面分析下列现象(带下划线的部分):(1)圆圆:爷爷我求您了,您可千万别来,您丢得起这人,我可现不起这眼!志国:这是怎么说话呢圆圆!爷爷也是关心你们……(2)小凡:圆圆,这糖可是我特意给你买的,十块钱一斤呢,谁让你七送八送的。

志新:怎么说话呢这是?你买的糖我就不许尝一块啦?(3)傅老:怎么,又哄着我玩儿哪!和平:您瞧这是怎么话儿说的……儿媳年幼无知,说话没有深浅,还望公公海涵。

现代汉语语法研究Z华中师范大学20年春季考试题库及答案

现代汉语语法研究Z华中师范大学20年春季考试题库及答案
[答案]:D
[一级属性]:
[二级属性]:
[难度]:
[公开度]:
5.指出问题,要求回答,获取信息。疑问句的句末语调一般上扬,书面上用问号来表示的句子是()
A.判断句
B.陈述句
C.疑问句
D.感叹句
[答案]:C
[一级属性]:
[二级属性]:
[难度]:
[公开度]:
6.能独立运用的最小语法单位是( )
A.语素
B.词
A.祈使句
B.感叹句
C.疑问句
D.陈述句
[答案]:A
[一级属性]:
[二级属性]:
[难度]:
[公开度]:
5.有意义的最小语法单位称为( )
A.语素
B.词
C.短语
D.句子
[答案]:A
[一级属性]:
[二级属性]:
[难度]:
[公开度]:
6. ( )是指语法规则构成的体系。
A.语法系统
B.语音系统
C.词汇系统
D.中介语是科技语言系统
[答案]:A
[一级属性]:
[二级属性]:
[难度]:
[公开度]:
15.所谓(),指言语交际过程中发话人通过话语表现出来的态度、情绪和感情色彩,它是以语调、语气词等形式表现出来的一种语法范畴。
A.词
B.语气
C.短语
D.句子
[答案]:B
[一级属性]:
[二级属性]:
[难度]:
[公开度]:
1.结构形式大多相当于句子的“语”是( )
A.谚语
B.成语
C.惯用语
D.格言
[答案]:A
[一级属性]:
[二级属性]:
[难度]:
[公开度]:

华师《现代汉语:语法与修辞》在线作业(最新)

华师《现代汉语:语法与修辞》在线作业(最新)

华师《现代汉语:语法与修辞》在线作业一、单选题(共10 道试题,共30 分。

)V1. “小王的情绪,昨天比今天高”谓语是____A. 状心短语B. 主谓短语C. 动宾短语D. 动补短语满分:3 分2. 下列关于“组合规则、聚合规则”的表述不正确的是( )A. 组合规则关注的是线性搭配问题,聚合规则研究同功能的替换问题B. 组合规则是现实的,聚合规则是潜在的C. 组合规则和聚合规则是结构主义语法学提出的D. 组合规则、聚合规则各自独立3. ____是整个修辞的基础A. 通顺明白B. 质朴C. 奇特D. 模糊满分:3 分4. “妈妈快来啊!”这句话属于____A. 陈述句B. 疑问句C. 祈使句D. 感叹句满分:3 分5. “一锅饭吃十个人。

”中的宾语属于____A. 断事宾语C. 受事宾语D. 工具宾语满分:3 分6. 用“11路汽车”戏指步行是____指代A. 文化背景B. 形似关系C. 谐音关系D. 数量关系满分:3 分7. 下面句子属于复句的是____A. 他是一个心眼挺好,脾气随和,但是有些懒散、黏黏糊糊、老睡不足的小老头B. 在春暖花开的季节,在桃红柳绿的时候,他来到了有着梦中那座古老的小楼的、已经破败的小镇C. 由于台风的影响,渔船比平时回来得晚满分:3 分8. 能独立运用的最小语法单位是( )A. 语素B. 词C. 短语D. 句子满分:3 分9. “建筑也是新式,简截不啰嗦,痛快之至”运用的修辞手法是____A. 衬托B. 移用C. 讳饰D. 摹状满分:3 分10. 数量指代与之所以可以指代相应事物,是由于涉及的数量和相应事物之间存在着A. 区别B. 交叉C. 联系D. 平行满分:3 分二、多选题(共10 道试题,共40 分。

)V1. 汉语语法的特征是()A. 抽象性B. 稳固性C. 民族性D. 系统性满分:4 分2. 从研究对象的时限来看,语法学可分为()A. 历时语法C. 普通语法D. 抽象语法满分:4 分3. 显异性排除的代表格式是____A. 除(了)A(VP1),B也VP1B. 除(了)A,还BC. 除(了)A(VP1)B都VP2D. 除(了)A(VP1)B全VP2满分:4 分4. 句群的组构手段有____A. 一般关系词语组构B. 表序关系词语组构C. 修辞方式组构D. 逻辑语义组构5. 主谓句是能够分析出()两个直接成分的句子。

华中师大《现代汉语语法研究》期末考试备考资料全集题及答案参考答案

华中师大《现代汉语语法研究》期末考试备考资料全集题及答案参考答案

一、填空题
1、语法规则本身的系统语法科学的系统。

2、语言材料单位语言使用单位
3、语言的结构规则
4、词的组合能力词的造句功用词的语法形式
5、语素短语句子语气
6、目标理论事实
7、普通形容词非谓形容词
8、小句复句句群句子语气
9、陈述语气疑问语气祈使语气感叹语气
10、是非问特指问选择问叹词问
11、参比项比较视点比较结论
12、整比偏比领比
13、归同性加合显异性排除别无他选的排除
14、因果类复句并列类复句转折类复句
15、超句性向心性连贯性
16、“普——方——古”
17、“表里印证”“语值验察”
18、以方证普
19、修辞手法修辞理论语言风格
20、加合式渗透融合式渗透框架借用式渗透
21、开放性艺术性独创性
22、客观性原则动态性原则研讨性原则
23、复指名词
24、非主谓祈使
25、名动
26、动宾动词
27、非主谓句感叹句
28、归同性加合
29、显异性排除
30、整比
31、偏比
32、领比
33、移觉移就
34、仿拟拈连
35、错综警策
36、组合特点、结构特点
37、动宾、主谓
38、主谓短语
39、组合能力、造句功用
40、实词和虚词
41(1)的(2)地(3)的(4)的(5)得
42、语气、陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句、结构
43、暗喻
44、以作者代作品
45、(1)B (2)A (3) E (4)D
46、(1)介词(2)连词(3)动词(4)动词
47、(唐钺)
48、(格式化)
49、()。

华师现代汉语题库

华师现代汉语题库

1.第1题“这张桌子,式样不错。

”是( D )。

D.主谓谓语句2.第2题气流在口腔或鼻腔受阻碍而形成的音是(B )B.辅音3.第3题下列声母发音方法完全相同的一组是(B )B.p t k您的答案:B4.第4题下列两个音节都属于零声母的是(D )A.英雄B.温和C.容易D.安慰5.第5题可以充当韵头的元音是(B )A.i、ü、eB.i、ü、uC.ü、a、uD.u、o、ü6.第6题“逻辑学”是(C )A.主谓式复合词B.派生词C.偏正式复合词D.述补式复合词7.第7题下列成语的构造与其他三个不同的一个是( B )A.自作自受B.抑扬顿挫C.口是心非D.大惊小怪8.第8题下列复合词的内部结构不具有两层关系的是( B )A.儿童节B.葡萄酒C.盥洗室D.狮子舞9.第9题下列属抽象名词的一组是 ( A )A.欲望、文化B.北京、宾语C.数目、星星D.语法、农村10.第10题下面含有连谓短语的是( D )A.他不停地抽烟喝茶。

B.你别跟我说这些。

C.痛得我直掉眼泪。

D.他穿上大衣出去了。

11.第11题下列运用了仿词修辞手法的是( B )A.许多代表都在思考这个问题。

B.一个阔人说要读经,嗡的一阵一群狭人也说要读经。

C.自来水哗哗地流着,叫人心疼。

D.你是个文化人,和我们大老粗谈不到一块儿。

12.第12题下列含有描写性状语的句子是(D )A.我刚刚从学校回来。

B.任何景物中,她都能发现美。

C.钱还是要交的。

D.她俩像仇人一样势不两立。

13.第13题“蜡黄、黑乎乎”是(C )A.副词B.性质形容词C.状态形容词D.名词14.第14题“为我们的胜利干杯!”是(不明确)B错A.主谓句B.祈使句C.感叹句D.主谓谓语句15.第15题下面属时间名词的是( B )A.时常、经常B.未来、现在C.刚才、立刻D.从前、刚刚16.第16题“一张床睡十个人”中的宾语的是(B )A.方式宾语B.施事宾语C.受事宾语D.工具宾语17.第17题下面含有“的”字短语的是(A )A.他喜欢吃肥的。

华师《现代汉语:语法与修辞》在线作业17春

华师《现代汉语:语法与修辞》在线作业17春

华师《现代汉语:语法与修辞》在线作业17春
一、单选题
1、D
2、C
3、D
4、A
5、A
一、单选题
一、单选题(共 10 道试题,共 30 分。

)V 1. 关于语言能力,下列表述正确的一项是( )
A. 语言能力指语言表达能力
B. 语言能力指利用语言进行思考的能力
C. 语言能力指不同年龄段获得语言的能力
D. 语言能力指人类的大脑为人类提供了掌握语言的先天基础
正确答案:D
2. 下列每组语言单位中,都属于词的是____
A. 电脑、海浪
B. 学习、哭闹
C. 理事、雪白
D. 海带、大路
正确答案:C
3. 下列词语中,搭配不合理的是____
A. 学会做人
B. 学会学习
C. 学会生活
D. 学会成才
正确答案:D
4. 组成成分和结构形式基本定型的短语是()
A. 固定短语
B. 自由短语
C. 名词短语
D. 动词短语
正确答案:A
5. 英语的man—→men采用的语法手段是 ( )
A. 屈折变化
B. 变换重音的位置
C. 变化中缀
D. 异根
正确答案:A
6. “这种食物才难吃呢!”一句中“才”表示____
A. 时间副词:量度副词
B. 关联副词
C. 语气副词
正确答案:B
7. 能独立运用的最小语法单位是( )
A. 语素
B. 词
C. 短语。

华中师大《现代汉语》练习测试题库及答案(可编辑)

华中师大《现代汉语》练习测试题库及答案(可编辑)

华中师大《现代汉语》练习测试题库及答案华中师范大学网络教育《现代汉语》练习测试题库及答案一、填空题1、语法最重要的两个特点是___________和_____________。

2、词的语法特点,主要包括词的__________、词的造句功用和词的___________。

3、某些动词可以按AA式或ABAB式重叠,重叠后有_______或___________的意思。

4、“组织上”,从结构上看,属于_______短语,从功能上看,属于_____短语。

5、“跳迪斯科”中,动词和宾语之间的语义关系是____________________。

6、“不要随地吐痰!”从结构上看,是__________句;从语气上看,是________句。

7、从运用关系词语的结果来看,关系词语又有________、转化和_______的作用。

8、句群有三个基本特征:①________________________②________________________ ③________________________。

9、《汉语拼音方案》声母“ M ”的呼读音的元音是_______________。

10、从研究对象的时限来看,语法学可分为_______________和_______________。

11、语音学中把最小的语音单位称之为______________。

12、按现代汉语方言分区,江西南昌话属于______________方言区。

13、主谓句是能够分析出________和________两个直接成分的句子。

14、“多么好的军队啊!”从结构角度分是________句;从语气的角度分是________句。

15、汉语言的音节具备________、________、__________三个方面的特征。

16、复句的分类原则可以概括为:_______________和_______________。

17、根据发音原理考察辅音在发音时口腔中有明显的_______________特征。

华中师大《语法》练习测试题库及答案

华中师大《语法》练习测试题库及答案

华中师范大学网络教育学院《语法》练习测试题库及答案I.Multiple choice. Please choose the best answer for each blank.Exercise 11. In the end , he _____.A. got invitedB. gets invitedC. was invitedD. was to be invited2. He wore dark glasses to avoid _____.A. having been spottedB. to be spottedC. spotted Bd. being spotted3. A new theory ______ before it can be put into practice.A. must be testedB. be testedC. can be testedD. to be tested4. Sooner than ______ for others, she started her own business.A. workingB. workedC. to workD. work5. I can't afford as _____ car as this one.A. expensive aB. an expensiveC. a more expensiveD. a most expensive6. Do what I tell you --_____!A. or elseB. or soC. and thatD. and do7. This is the house _____ windows were broken.A. whoseB. whichC. itsD. of which8. A hot shower, a cup of milk, a bag of potato chips, and then a good sleep _____ the luxury that he needed after the examination.A. areB. wasC. wereD. is9. Every drop of tears, every moan out of pain and every cry for help then _____ like knife cutting deep into his heart.A. wasB. areC. wereD. is10. I expect all the letters _____ promptly.A. being typedB. to be typedC. having been typedD. to have been typed11. The information was later admitted _____ from unreliable sources.A. to be obtainedB. to have been obtainedC. that it has been obtainedD. that it was obtained12. For a child to give up less mature idea for a more sophisticate one, it requires that the child____ psychologically ready for the new idea.A. isB. beC. wereD. would be13. We still have a lot of problems ____.A. unsolvedB. unsolving C . unsolve D. to be unsolved14. He regretted _____ her the truth.A. having told B . to have told C. had told D. to tell15. Domestic-made TV sets are not ____ imported ones at all.A. more inferior thanB. inferior toC. inferior thanD. more inferior as16. ____ by accident _____ by design, he arrived too late to help us.A. Not only...but alsoB. Neither...norC. Whether...orD. Both...and17.____ , he managed to remain among the top 5% of his class.A. To work hard as he didB. Working hard as he didC. Work hard as he didD. Worked hard as he did18. They left the door open _____ to hear the baby.A. so as for meB. so that meC. in order for meD. and for me19. New machinery _____ arriving tomorrow.A. will beB. isC. areD. shall be20. The family ____ able to come to a unanimous consent that the child must be operated on as quickly as possible.A. wereB. isC. areD. wasExercise 21. We had _____ rainfalls last summer.A. too muchB. littleC. a littleD. only several2._____ friends usually speak highly of him.A. His someB. His many D. Many his D. Some his3.He has been staying at home _____ days.A. these all last fewB. these last few allC. all these last fewD. these last all few4.Study and discussion _____ us a lot of good.A. giveB. doesC. keepsD. make5.Every part of the aircraft-control system _____ fully tested.A. hasB. have beenC. areD. has been6.That’s _____.A. James and Charles fatherB. James and Charles’s fatherC. James’s and Charles’ fatherD. James’s and Charles’s father7.This post card is sent by _____.A. a friend of my fatherB. a friend of my father’sC. my father friendD. my father friend’s8.Perhaps a scientist _____ a cheaper way of producing fresh water from the sea.A. shall in one day inventB. has one day inventedC. will one day inventD. was one day invented9.In the book Marco described all the things he _____.A. had saw and heardB. had seen and heardC. was seeing and hearingD. would see and hear10.From what you _____, you can understand why an object weighs less in waterthan in air.A. had learntB. will learnC. have learntD. can learn11.I’ll go to my uncle’s for vacation as soon as I _____ exam.A. will finishB. am finishingC. will have finishedD. finish12.According to the time table, the bus for Jinan _____ at 6:30 in the morning.A. arrivesB. has leftC. leavesD. will leave13.What _____ when I saw you yesterday?A. did you doB. were you doingC. you were doingD. you did14.A series of debates between lectures _____ scheduled for next weekend.A. wereB. wasC. areD. be15._____ going to the exhibition.A. All but he and me areB. All but him and me areC. All but he and I amD. All but him and me am16.Either of the examples _____ good enough.A. isB. areC. wereD. be17.When one shops on Sundays, _____ likely to find the store crowded.A. he isB. you areC. they areD. it is18.We are each pleased with _____ income.A. ourB. hisC. theirD. ours’19.Night classes are _____.A. a good ideaB. good ideasC. good ideaD. the good idea20.Two hours _____ the limit of this test.A. areB. has beenC. will beD. isExercise 31. We had _____ rainfalls last summer.A. too muchB. littleC. a littleD. only several2._____ friends usually speak highly of him.A. His someB. His many D. Many his D. Some his3.He has been staying at home _____ days.A. these all last fewB. these last few allC. all these last fewD. these last all few4.Study and discussion _____ us a lot of good.A. giveB. doesC. keepsD. make5.Every part of the aircraft-control system _____ fully tested.A. hasB. have beenC. areD. has been6.That’s _____.A. James and Charles fatherB. James and Charles’s fatherC. James’s and Charles’ fatherD. James’s and Charles’s father7.This post card is sent by _____.A. a friend of my fatherB. a friend of my father’sC. my father friendD. my father friend’s8.Perhaps a scientist _____ a cheaper way of producing fresh water from the sea.A. shall in one day inventB. has one day inventedC. will one day inventD. was one day invented9.In the book Marco described all the things he _____.A. had saw and heardB. had seen and heardC. was seeing and hearingD. would see and hear10.From what you _____, you can understand why an object weighs less in waterthan in air.A. had learntB. will learnC. have learntD. can learn11.I’ll go to my uncle’s for vacation as soon as I _____ exam.A. will finishB. am finishingC. will have finishedD. finish12.According to the time table, the bus for Jinan _____ at 6:30 in the morning.A. arrivesB. has leftC. leavesD. will leave13.What _____ when I saw you yesterday?A. did you doB. were you doingC. you were doingD. you did14.A series of debates between lectures _____ scheduled for next weekend.A. wereB. wasC. areD. be15._____ going to the exhibition.A. All but he and me areB. All but him and me areC. All but he and I amD. All but him and me am16.Either of the examples _____ good enough.A. isB. areC. wereD. be17.When one shops on Sundays, _____ likely to find the store crowded.A. he isB. you areC. they areD. it is18.We are each pleased with _____ income.A. ourB. hisC. theirD. ours’19.Night classes are _____.A. a good ideaB. good ideasC. good ideaD. the good idea20.Two hours _____ the limit of this test.A. areB. has beenC. will beD. is21.The committee _____ among themselves for four hours.A. has been arguingB. has been arguedC. have been arguingD. have been argued22.Each lead and each connector _____ own position.A. has itsB. have theirC. has theirD. have its23.The instrument as well as other spare parts _____ going to be air-lifted soon.A. isB. areC. beD. will24.He was very strong. Indeed, people said he had _____ of three men.A. strengthB. a strengthC. the strengthD. his strength25.His _____ personal belongings made it possible for him to move from place toplace with ease.A. fewB. a fewC. not a fewD. a good few26.Care must be taken not to wash or iron synthetic fibers at _____.A. a too high temperatureB. too a high temperatureC. too high a temperatureD. a temperature too high27.While shopping, the customer pushes his card into a slot beside _____ items arewanted and pushes a button or two.A. thoseB. whoseC. whereD. whichever28.China has a large population than any of _____ countries in the world.A. otherB. someC. some otherD. the other29.George said that if he has to do _____ more homework tonight, he would not beable to attend the concert.A. anyB. someC. noD. little30.Many people who have to look good every day, such as actors and actresses, makedishes with lots of vegetables and less meat --- a _____ meat goes a long way.A. smallB. smallerC. littleD. least31.On the side of the hill, there is a _____ which was once the entrance to a goldmine.A. deep hole in groundB. hole deep in groundC. deep hole in the groundD. deep in the ground hole32.Anyone who wants to can call any timepiece a clock, but technically speaking,only _____ ones ring out the time actually deserve the name.A. whateverB. wheneverC. whereverD. whichever33.We seldom have _____ occasion of using this expensive machinery.A. anB. anyC. not aD. some34._____ of the play, “Morning Becomes Electra,” introduces the east or charactersand hints at the plot.A. First ActB. The act firstC. The act oneD. Act One35.He denied that he had offered them _____ information.A. anyB. littleC. noD. some36.Here in today’s paper it says the zoo has just obtained _____ animal no one hasever heard of before.A. aB. anyC. someD. the37.Motorway pile-ups are multiple accidents in which cars crash _____.A. into each otherB. each into anotherC. each one into anotherD. each into the other38.Of all man’s senses _____ of visi on is the most important.A. oneB. itC. thatD. those39.He is a brilliant scholar and is everywhere recognized _____.A. as wellB. as suchC. as thisD. as so40._____ is due to leave for a Caribbean cruise tomorrow?A. Is it the ship whoB. Is she the ship whichC. Is she the ship whoD. Is she the ship41.The Red Cross is one of the organizations _____ is to help the sick and the needy.A. which purposeB. its purposeC. the purpose of itD. whose purpose42.He is not such a fool _____ can realized it is wrong to do that.A. whoB. thatC. butD. as43.I hope that the little _____ I’ve been able to have be of som e use.A. whichB. thatC. thisD. what44.The video industry is developing so rapidly that almost anything _____ is writtenwill be out of date by the time it is printed.A. asB. whatC. whichD. that45.She put into practice _____ she had promised us.A. thatB. asC. whichD. what46.He is a brilliant, hard-working student, _____ who will be successful in whatevercareer he chooses.A. oneB. thatC. suchD. the one47. Whenever I call on her, she _____ in her study.A. workB. will workC. is workingD. works48.Since 1970, millions of enthusiasts _____ a substance which they believe can curethe common cold --- vitamin C.A. have been takingB. have takenC. have been takenD. have being taken49. One of the girl students _____ when the teacher came in.A. has sungB. sangC. had sungD. was singing50.The movie was very boring and many people began to leave early. By the end,most people _____.A. have leftB. would leaveC. had already leftD. had been already leavingExercise 41.Shall I ask the waiter for the bill, darling, when you ______ your coffee?A. will have finishedB. could finishC. had finishedD. have finished2.I’ll certainly work next week except when it ______.A. will rainB. would rainC. is rainingD. will be raining3.By the end of this year, we surely ______ the year’ target.A. are hittingB. will be hittingC. have hitD. will have hit4.Soldiers ______ to obey commands so that their nerves ______ steady during combat.A. are taught… would beB. were taught … will beC. will be taught …wereD. were taught … had been5.When I reach the destination, it ______ .A. will probably be rainingB. probably rainsC. is probably rainingD. has probably rained6.He has no idea what the book is about. He ______ the book.A. couldn’t have readB. might not have readC. shouldn’t have readD. wouldn’t have read7.His request was disapproved, and he had no alternative. He simply ______ do what he did.A. need toB. had toC. ought toD. used to8.One present I especially like to get is a book. I don’t mind what a kind of book it is. It ______ be a novel, a book of poems, of a book of plays; I enjoy them all.A. canB. mustC. shouldD. might9.“I ______ poetry as the food of love.” Said Darcy.A. used to consideringB. am used to considerC. have used to considerD. have been used to considering10.I told them I would come as soon as I ______.A. couldB. shouldC. wouldD. must11.Since you need to catch an early train tomorrow morning, you ______ leave now.A. may wellB. might as wellC. might just wellD. might only well12.I went to the doctor’s yesterday. I had to wait for half an hour before he ______ see me.A. canB. couldC. mayD. might13.You ______ make noise in the classroomA. may notB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. don’t have to14.If the old man didn’t see his dog for an hour or so, he ______ the house to look for it.A. walkedB. was walkingC. would walkD. would have walked15.The weather of the country was rather hot, but after he lived there for a while he ______ it.A. used toB. got used toC. had used toD. would used to16.The Japanese love children, but they prefer ______ small families.A. haveB. havingC. to haveD. had17.I’m really very pleased ______ the opportunity of meeting you, Mr. Smith. I hopeI will be able to see you again.A. to haveB. havingC. having hadD. to have had18.The witness claimed ______ a man outside the house, but he was not sure whether this was the man.A. to seeB. to have seenC. that he sawD. that he was seen19.You needn’t worry about him. He seems ______ himself in there.A. to be enjoyingB. to be enjoyedC. to enjoyD. to have enjoyed20.The composition ______ any more.A. need not to be correctedB. needs not to be correctedC. doesn’t need to be correctedD. needs not be corrected.21.The result were ______ yesterday, but we have heard nothing.A. to announceB. announcingC. to have been announcedD. to be announced22.He reached the station ______ only ______ that the train had just left.A. exhausted … learnedB. exhausted … to learnC. exhausting … learningD. to exhaust … to learn23.We all enjoyed the concert very much. I think it really a pity for you ______.A. to have missed itB. to be missed itC. to miss itD. to have been missed it24.The use of metal made it possible for many new kinds of tools ______.A. inventedB. to be inventedC. being inventedD. having been invented25.They planned ______ the task before last Sunday, but they failed owing to theshortage of the raw materials.A. to have fulfilledB. fulfilledC. to fulfillD. having fulfilled26.The pearl is only germ ______ by a living creature.A. creatingB. to createC. is createdD. createdmercial banks make most of their income from interest ______ on loans and investment in stocks and bonds.A. earnB. earnedC. to earnD. was earned28.“What did they think about the plan?” “Everyone was so happy an d ______ about it.”.A. exciteB. excitingC. excitedD. excites29.In the 1950’s Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin became the best seller of the generation, ______ a host of initiators.A. inspiringB. inspiredC. inspired byD. to inspire30.______, people and objects are presented in flat, often angular, abstract manner in Jacob Lawrence’s painting.A. Always able to recognizeB. The ability to recognize alwaysC. While always recognizableD. Always can be recognized31.The blast furnace burns the impurities out of the mix, ______.A.which melts down the metal in the oreB.melting down the metal in the oreC.melts down the metal in the oreD.melt down the metal in the ore32.He has lots of books, ______ that he is still young.A. consideringB. consideredC. being consideredD. our considering33.Having the highest marks in his class, ______.A.the college offered him a scholarshipB.he was offered a scholarship by the collegeC. a scholarship was offered him by the collegeD.a college scholarship was offered to him34.“What will happen at the meeting tonight?” “We are going to talk about the problem ______ at the last meeting.”A. was discussedB. discussingC. discussedD. had been discussed35.Written in great haste, ______.A.Jim made a lot of mistakes in the report.B.There are plenty of errors in the reportC.We found several mistakes in his letterD.The book is full of errors36.Your dress doesn’t fit you around the neck ______ right.A. quiteB. almostC. nearlyD. rather37.The room was small and contained ______ too much furniture.A. quiteB. soC. farD. very38.Although he is ______ intelligent, he is ______ lazy.A. fairly, ratherB. rather, fairlyC. fairly, littleD. much, rather39.---I saw you at the race track last week.--- I go quite often, but I only bet ______.A. scarcelyB. hardlyC. barelyD. occasionally40.--- What’s your opinion?--- The legislature was ______ indifferent to the passage of this bill.A. kind ofB. ratherC. suchD. too41.There were ______ people present at the reception than we have expected.A. a lotB. a lot ofC. a lot moreD. more a lot of42.When she came to see the doctor again, Miss Green wasn’t ______ thinner, she was even fatter.A. anyB. someC. quiteD. rather43.I can’t re ad the Words on the wall, would you hold the candle ______.A. closer a little to itB. closer to it a littleC. a little closer to itD. to it a little closer44.As they approached the summit of Mt. Rainier, the climbers felt they had lost the energy ______.A. for climbing higherB. by climbing any longerC. to climb any longerD. to climb no higher45.The product that you bought at ______ price is ______ to the one that we sell at a slightly higher price.A. a low… inferiorB. a lower… inferiorC. the lower… inferiorD. its lower … less inferior46.When you worry you can’t sleep, and when you can’t sleep you worry ______. It is vicious circle.A. even moreB. few moreC. many moreD. much more47.In swimming, ______ coordination of muscles is required than in other sports.A. swifterB. a more swifterC. an exacterD. a more exact48.Susan is considered to be ______, if no more intelligent than the other students in her class.A. as intelligent asB. less intelligentC. intelligent as wellD. the most intelligent49.Anthony had already proved himself ______ skillful general. He might have won against Octavian except for two things.A. a lessB. a moreC. the lessD. the more50.English is spoken by more people than is ______ language except Chinese.A. anyB. otherC. any otherD. all other51.______ a good thing they did not catch you.A. That’sB. It’sC. There’sD. What’s52.I’d think ______ .A. it worth well while to goB. it while well worth to goC. it well worth while to goD. to go while worth well53.______ the gentleman is not your uncle?A. It isB. It is thatC. It is whatD. What is54.We must stop now. It is time we ______ home.A. willB. are goingC. were goingD. have gone55.______ to violin the piano, unless you practice every day.A. There is no point in learningB. There isn’t any point in learningC. There is no point to learnD. What is the point of learning56.Jerry is very generous ______ his money.A. atB. inC. onD. with57.Please don’t get mad ______ me. I was only trying to help.A. onB. toC. atD. against58.Dane was quite agreeable ______ my suggestion.A. withB. toC. inD. about59.Fruit is rich ______ vitamins.A. withB. inC. ofD. for60.That book is identical ______ an American one.A. inB. forC. withD. to61.At first, they didn’t see ______ her deception.A. outB. throughC. overD. to62.The nurse must see ______ the comfort of their patients.A. forB. toC. intoD. out63.Rising from the seat, he drank ______ the health of his parents.A. toB. withC. inD. for64.Have you accounted ______ all the breakages?A. forB. inC. toD. down65.His thesis treats ______ social changes between wars.A. onB. ofC. aboutD. forII. Blank filling.Exercise 1Direction: Fill an appropriate preposition in the blank of each sentence and make it correct in grammar and appropriate in meaning.1.Have you decided to keep on ______ your university course?2.You should always look out ______ the traffic.3.The manager will have to hire two people to make up ______ the lost time.4.He’s got a degree ______ chemistry.5. A key ______ the back door is always kept on a high ledge above the door.6.His familiarity ______ many modern languages surprised all of us.7.This leaves no stain ______ his character, and no further prejudice againsthim should be entertained.8.We are taken ______ surprise when the inspector called. Yet we knew he wasvisiting everyone in turn.9.I was ______ the impression that you had already made a couple of newoutfits for yourself.10.______ her turn from a shopping expedition, my aunt found that the burglarhad taken all her money in the drawers.Exercise 2Direction:Fill an appropriate tag in the blank of each of the tag questions.1. Jane has to stay here all day, ______?2. We may go home now, ______?3. You must have made a mistake, ______?4. There won’t be any trouble, ______?5. You had a talk with her, ______?6. I don’t think you’ve done it, ______?7. I suppose (that) he’s serious, ______?8. I am late, ______?9. He hasn’t a lot of time to spare, ______?10. If he did more work he’d be very good, ______?Exercise 3Direction: Please choose the most appropriate partitive from the following box to fill each blank.3. a _____ of hounds4. a _____ of flowers5. a _____ of actors6. a _____ of chickens7. a _____ of birds 8. a _____ of furniture9. a _____ of ships 10. a _____ of singers11. a _____ of thieves 12. a _____ of treesExercise 4Direction: Fill in the blanks with an appropriate form of the given words.1.It is highly desirable that a new president _______ (appoint) for this university.2.Rather than _______ (repair) it, he decided to sell the car.3.She came much _______(early) than we expected.4. I've forgotten to return the key of the safe. People ____(must look) everywhere for it.5.Experiments in the photography of moving objects __________(conduct)in both united States and Europe well before 1900.6.Some of the suggestions have been adopted but others __________(turn down)as they are virtually impractical.7.Her friend never imagined her __________(take)care of a large family after she got married.8.Eleven strikers who __________(imprison)for disturbing the peace were releasedyesterday.9.She noticed him __________(leave)exactly at eight o'clock.10. It is recommended that a lawyer _____________(be) present when you begin to negotiate the terms in the contract.11. It is only typical of you. You _____________(always lose) things.12. If you favour _____________(work) on night shift, you may sign up here.13. He felt very _____________(depress) when he heard the story.14. Several strikers who _____________(imprison) for demonstration were set free yesterday.15. Mary negotiates _____________ (skillfully) than her boss.16.It is very typical of you. You _______ (always lose) things.17.She _______ (entitle to) a repayment of her damaged car.18.We never imagined him _______ (stay) at home for a whole week.19. Jane appears as though she ____(know) the secret.20. Two players _____(send) off the field during last Saturday's match.Exercise 5Direction: Fill in the blank with an appropriate coordinator or subordinator:1. It was an island ____ name I have forgotten.2. He carried his luggage all the way home, ____ was actually unnecessary.3. He soon made it clear _____ he had asked for a meeting.4. The police arrived, after _____ the situation became calmer.5.I hope you won't do anything __________ we've all thought it over.6.You won't enjoy your trip to that country __________ you are careful about what you eat.7. _____________ he does is often at variance with what he says.8. _____________you go, I go too.9.He never came _______ when he was in trouble.10.I think it best _______ you should stay here.Direction: Fill in the blanks with an appropriate relative pronoun:11.Leave out every word __________ serves no function.12.He denied stealing the money, __________ turned out to be true.13.The generals complained that the Defense Department had not sent the extra men and equipment __________ they needed.Fill in the blanks with an appropriate relative pronoun:14. He laughs best _____________ laughs last.15. She is married to a man __________ she believes both makes a lot of money and loves her.16. Dr. Fordham still talks like the man _____________ he was ten years ago.III Error correctionDirection: Choose the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be grammatically correct.Exercise 11.Blood transfusions from one individual to another serve to supply variousA Bmaterial that the recipient lacks.C D2.Statistics are his most difficult subject and Benjamin is worried that heA B Cwon’t pass the test.D3.In architecture a vault is a roof or ceiling in the shapes of an arch.A B C D4.Gatherings of more than three persons were prohibited, supposedly in theA B Cname of the law and order.D5.There was a very interesting news on the radio this morning about theA B C Dearthquake in Italy.6.After reviewing the troops, the visiting general commented that he hadAfinally seen the kind of a soldier that the nation needs.B C D7.Some ingenious literary detectives suggest that Shakespear’s plays were,Ain fact, written by Bacon or Oxford or Derby or anyone else who preferred toB Cremain unknown as a playwright.D8.Every doctor must know both medical theory and technique so that heA Bcan apply it in helping his patients.C D9.It was during the 1920’s that the friendship between Hemingway andA BFitzgerald reached their highest point.C D10.My friend didn’t see me for many years when I met him last week.A B C D11.She has died ten years ago, but she is still remembered by all who knewA B C Dher.。

华中师大《现代汉语》练习测试题库及答案

华中师大《现代汉语》练习测试题库及答案

华中师范大学网络教育《现代汉语》练习测试题库及答案一、填空题1、语法最重要的两个特点是___________和_____________。

2、词的语法特点,主要包括词的 __________、词的造句功用和词的___________。

3、某些动词可以按AA式或ABAB式重叠,重叠后有_______或___________的意思。

4、“组织上”,从结构上看,属于_______短语,从功能上看,属于_____短语。

5、“跳迪斯科”中,动词和宾语之间的语义关系是____________________。

6、“不要随地吐痰!”从结构上看,是__________句;从语气上看,是________句。

7、从运用关系词语的结果来看,关系词语又有________、转化和_______的作用。

8、句群有三个基本特征:①________________________②________________________③________________________。

9、《汉语拼音方案》声母“ M ”的呼读音的元音是_______________。

10、从研究对象的时限来看,语法学可分为_______________和_______________。

11、语音学中把最小的语音单位称之为______________。

12、按现代汉语方言分区,江西南昌话属于______________方言区。

13、主谓句是能够分析出________和________两个直接成分的句子。

14、“多么好的军队啊!”从结构角度分是________句;从语气的角度分是________句。

15、汉语言的音节具备________、________、__________三个方面的特征。

16、复句的分类原则可以概括为:_______________和_______________。

17、根据发音原理考察辅音在发音时口腔中有明显的_______________特征。

现代汉语-语法部分习题及答案

现代汉语-语法部分习题及答案

现代汉语-语法部分习题及答案第四章语法一、填空题:1.实词可分________、谓词、加词,加词包括副词和________。

2.主谓词组、动宾词组等是根据________划分出来的词组基本类型。

3.词组或句子开头既有时间名词又有处所名词,后面不是主谓词组,而是其他可以充当谓语的词或词组,这时的时间名词和处所名词充当________。

4.区分定语和状语主要根据整个偏正词组的________来判断。

5.句子的特殊成分有________和________。

6.存在句谓语动词表示存在或________。

7.被字句的谓语动词必须是________动词。

8.让肯复句就分句间的关系来说相当于假设条件加________。

9.省略句与非主谓句的主要区别是省略句有________性。

10.祈使句的主语一般是________人称。

11.语气词“吗”只用于________问。

12.作状语,表示对动作、意愿和事物的性状加以否定的否定词是________。

13.“王芬教我们织毛衣。

”按宾语来分是________句。

14.现代汉语有两种特殊的词类:叹词和________。

15.加词性句法结构经常用作定语或状语,一般不作主语、谓语或宾语,属于本类的主要是________结构。

16.主语同________是一个层次上的成分。

17.“说得来、说得了、说不得”中的补语属于________补语。

18.句子是________单位,词和词组都是________单位。

19.大主语、小主语等术语只用于________句。

20.“是”可以是判断动词,还可以是________。

21.“不论……都”是________复句的关联词语。

22.倒装句的语气词往往放在________的末尾。

23.表示语气主要靠________和________。

24.“没”可以兼属两类词,一是________,一是________。

25.有些多义结构在具体的语言环境里仍然消除不了多义性,这种现象称为________。

华中师大《现代汉语》练习测试题库及答案

华中师大《现代汉语》练习测试题库及答案

华中师范大学网络教育《现代汉语》练习测试题库及答案一、填空题1、语法最重要的两个特点是___________和_____________。

2、词的语法特点,主要包括词的 __________、词的造句功用和词的___________。

3、某些动词可以按AA式或ABAB式重叠,重叠后有_______或___________的意思。

4、“组织上”,从结构上看,属于_______短语,从功能上看,属于_____短语。

5、“跳迪斯科”中,动词和宾语之间的语义关系是____________________。

6、“不要随地吐痰!”从结构上看,是__________句;从语气上看,是________句。

7、从运用关系词语的结果来看,关系词语又有________、转化和_______的作用。

8、句群有三个基本特征:①________________________②________________________③________________________。

9、《汉语拼音方案》声母“ M ”的呼读音的元音是_______________。

10、从研究对象的时限来看,语法学可分为_______________和_______________。

11、语音学中把最小的语音单位称之为______________。

12、按现代汉语方言分区,江西南昌话属于______________方言区。

13、主谓句是能够分析出________和________两个直接成分的句子。

14、“多么好的军队啊!”从结构角度分是________句;从语气的角度分是________句。

15、汉语言的音节具备________、________、__________三个方面的特征。

16、复句的分类原则可以概括为:_______________和_______________。

17、根据发音原理考察辅音在发音时口腔中有明显的_______________特征。

《现代汉语》第五章__语法_练习(有答案)

《现代汉语》第五章__语法_练习(有答案)

第五章语法一、填空1、“学点语法”中的“语法”指客观存在的____________________。

2、“我上午看哲学,下午看语法”中的“语法”指_______________。

3、“语法、修辞都属于社会科学范畴”中的“语法”指_________________。

4、划分词类的标准是词的________。

5、实词的特点是________________,虚词在结构中起________和________作用。

6、实词包括________、________、________、________、________、________、________。

虚词包括________、________、________、_______。

7、词与词组合成短语,既有________上的要求,又有________上的要求。

8、根据短语内部词和词的____________,短语可以分为12类。

9、从功能角度看,短语可以分为________短语、________短语和________短语三类。

10、主谓短语从功能角度可以分为三类,其功能分类的依据是________________,根据其性质可以归入________、________、________。

11、状中短语从功能角度可以分为两类,其功能分类的依据是____________,根据其性质可以归入____________、_____________两类。

12、根据不同的语气,句子可以分为________、________、________、________四类。

13、动词性谓语句包括________谓语句、________谓语句、________谓语句、________谓语句、________谓语句等几种类型。

14、疑问句有________、________、________、________四种形式。

15、条件复句包括____________、____________、____________三种形式。

华南师范大学现代汉语题库(整理)

华南师范大学现代汉语题库(整理)

文学院—考研辅导讲义现代汉语题库注意:中国古典文献学、中国古代文学、中国现当代文学、比较文学与世界文学、中国民间文学、影视文学通用教材与讲义二〇〇九年八月(第三版)2010年8月同学们好,今天我们学习第一讲,希望大家认真预习课本,研习讲义!真题选讲2010年华师文学院语言基础(现代汉语、古代汉语)真题现代汉语一、名词解释1、汉民族共同语2、音位3、六书4、语义场5、句式二、操作题1、分析声母发音chi le ke xi bu2、分析韵母发音he ba mo ci ju3、汉字造字法水、锦、天、牧、问4、词的构造健儿、司机、头疼、推迟、考试5、从语法角度,分析词性:开始、微型、喷香、兴致、亲自6、进行层次分析,说明结构关系:上街买菜请小李吃饭、我的遥远的家乡** 湾(还有一题忘了。

)7、用层次分化歧义短语:发两个月的工资、两个报社的记者、反对的是老李8、疑问句的类型:有谁知道我的书在哪里?我的文具盒呢?你想不想知道你的成绩?三、简答1、/a/的音位变化及其条件2、什么是“隶变”?简述“隶变”的内容3、现代汉语的存现句的语法意义四、论述题:举例分析层次分析的三原则古代汉语一、名词解释1、假借2、引申义3、叶韵4、字母5、如字二、简答1、异体字的四种情况2、举例谈谈古代汉语中的被动句式有哪几种3、举例谈谈古代汉语中的反问句式有哪几种4、谈谈使动用法和意动用法的区别5、古秦三十韵韵部的韵目三、加标点晋灵公不君厚敛以彫墙从台上弹人而观其辟丸也宰夫胹熊蹯不孰杀之寘诸畚使妇人载以过朝赵盾士季见其手问其故而患之将谏士季曰谏而不入则莫之继也会清先不入则子继之三进及溜而后视之曰吾知所过矣将改之稽首而对曰人谁无过过而能改善莫大焉诗曰靡不有初鲜克有终夫如是则能补过者鲜矣君能有终则社稷之固也岂惟群臣赖之又曰袞职有阙惟仲山甫补之能补过也君能补过袞不废矣犹不改宦子骤谏公患之使鉏麑贼之晨往寝门癖矣盛服将朝尚早坐而假寐麑退叹而言曰不忘恭敬民之主也贼民之主不忠弃君之命不信有一于此不如死也触槐而死四、古文阅读子路曾皙冉有公西华侍坐子曰以吾一日长乎尔毋吾以也居则曰不吾知也如或知尔则何以哉子路率尔而对曰千乘之国摄乎大国之间加之以师旅因之以饥馑由也为之比及三年可使有勇且知方也夫子哂之求尔何如对曰方六七十如五六十求也为之比及三年可使足民如其礼乐以俟君子赤尔何如对曰非曰能之愿学焉宗庙之事如会同端章甫愿为小相焉点尔何如鼓瑟希铿尔舍瑟而作对曰异乎三子者之撰子曰何伤乎亦各言其志也曰莫春者春服既成冠者五六人童子六七人浴乎沂风乎舞雩咏而归夫子喟然叹曰吾与点也三子者出曾皙后曾皙曰夫三子者之言何如子曰亦各言其志也已矣曰夫子何哂由也曰为国以礼其言不让是故哂之唯求则非邦也与安见方六七十如五六十而非邦也者唯赤则非邦也与宗庙会同非诸侯而何赤也为之小孰能为之大1、解释加黑词语居则曰:‘不吾知也!’摄乎大国之间因之以饥馑可使有勇,且知方也异乎三子者之撰吾与点也2、解释加点字的虚词的词性、意义及语法特点以吾一日长乎尔,毋吾以也如其礼乐,以俟君子3、写出文段名词用作动词和双宾语的句子4、翻译以吾一日长乎尔,毋吾以也方六七十,如五六十浴乎沂,风乎舞雩,咏而归赤也为之小,孰能为之大练习与作业(一)一、单项选择题1.现代汉民族共同语的标准音是()。

现代汉语(语法)练习与答案

现代汉语(语法)练习与答案

现代汉语(语法)练习与答案第十部分:现代汉语语法综合练习一、单项选择题1、下列说法中,哪个的“语法”是“语法规律”的含义?()A 语法是研究语言结构规律的。

B汉语语法有不同于英语语法的特点。

C《现代汉语》包括语法。

D你那本语法太难懂。

2、下列哪种词类是实词?()A副词B助词C介词D语气词3、下列哪种词类是虚词?()A叹词B形容词C連词D量词4、下列哪种词类是加词?()A数词B名词C代词D副词5.、下列哪种词类是体词?A数词B区别词C拟声词D动词6.、下列哪种词类是谓词?A区别词B副词C量词D形容词7、下列词属于名词的是()A开关B勇敢C忽然D谢幕8、下列词属于数词的是()A条B半C人D亮9、下列词不属于量词的是:()A关B山C趟D家10、下列词属动词的是:()A清B别C请D很11、下列词属形容词的是:()a.黑乎乎 b 夺取 c 休息 d 喜欢12、下列词属区别词的是:()a、民用 b 努力 c 相继 d 依旧13、下列词属于连词的是()a 在b 至于c 而且d 我14、下列词属于介词的是:()a 明确b 的确c 被d 清醒15、下列词属于助词的是:()a.所 b 够 c 就 d 朝16、下列词属于语气词的是:()a关于 b依照 c 而已 d自从17、下列词属于代词的是:()a 怎样b可以c愿意 d 十分18、下列词属于叹词的是:()a 喂b 在 c比 d 的19、下列词属于拟声词的是;()a哎呀 b 哗然 c 唉 d 恩20、下列短语属于主谓短语的是:()a 太阳升b 出太阳c 努力学习 d继续努力21、下列短语属于述宾短语的是:()a今天清明 b好得很 c 喜欢打球 d 彻底解决22、下列短语属于述补短语的是:()a罚款 b听懂 c 讲情 d很好23、下列短语属于偏正短语的是:()a能去 b 看清c湿透 d刺一下24、下类短语属于联合短语的是:()a眼疼得很 b唱歌跳舞 c明确目的 d爱学习25、下列短语属于连动短语的是:()a去打水 b请他来 c拖他办 d 我自己倒茶喝26、下列短语属于兼并短语的是()a 搞清楚b 买烟抽 c教我学英语 d 调我去上海工作27、下列短语属于同位短语的是:()a姐妹俩 b 一斤鱼 c白纸黑字 d 红花绿叶28、下列短语属于体词性短语的是;)(a新鲜有趣 b 文笔不错 c你的到来 d汹涌澎湃29、下列短语属于加词性的是:()a高高举起 b 求你帮助 c 仔细得很 d 对工作30、下列短语属于谓词性的是:()a沿河的房子 b又蹦又跳 c 孩子的顽皮 d新买的钢琴31、下列短语属于介词性短语的是:()a依照你的意见 b沿路边的树 c 对面的房子 d来自南方的小伙子32、下列短语属于“的”字短语的是:()a 漂亮的b喜欢红的 c换了一件新衣服 d 找一个聪明的33、下列短语有施事主语的是:()a碗买来了 b手弄脏了 c人送走了 d我说过了34、下列短语有受事主语的是:())a他的学生 b你真聪明 c 信刚寄走 d 他头疼35、下列短语有中性主语的是:()a我相信 b 他勇敢 c 你邀请 d 我不去36、下列短语有宾语的是:()a睡了一天 b过了一天 c 走了一天 d 逛了一天37、下列短语有补语的是:()a买一斤 b 买一件 c买一趟 d买一碗38、下列短语带定语的是:()a十分清楚 b新鲜牛奶c相继到达 d 非常应该39、下列短语带状语的是:()a狐狸de狡猾 b春天de到来 c孩子de顽皮 d努力de工作40、下列句子带复说语的是:()a钱,我把它放在抽屉里 b书,我买来了c自行车,他骑走了 d 债务,已经换清了]41下列句子带插说语的是:()a小王你去哪儿?B小李洋他去哪儿了?C 小张他们走了 d 你这个人太糊涂42、下列句子属于名词句的是:()a 下雨了! b多谢! c工作证! d 真奇怪!43、下列句子属于动词句的是:()a不行 b哎哟! C来人 d 春天44、下列句子属于主谓谓语句的是:()a 她表演得太精彩了。

华中师大《现代汉语语法与修辞》练习测试题库及答案

华中师大《现代汉语语法与修辞》练习测试题库及答案

华中师大《现代汉语语法与修辞》练习测试题库及答案华中师大《现代汉语语法与修辞》练习测试题库及答案华中师范大学网络教育《现代汉语语法与修辞》练习测试题库及答案一、填空1、语法系统有两个涵义,一个是指_______________________,一个是指_______________________。

2、作为语法单位,语素、词、短语是_______________________单位,句子是___________单位。

3、语法是_________________________________________。

4、词的语法特征,主要表现在三个方面:一是________________,二是_____________,三是__________________。

5、基础语法实体包括、、。

6、语法学系统,都具有“三层结构”顶层??,中层?? ,底层??。

7、形容词可分为: 和。

8、汉语里有七种不同的语法实体:语素、词、、、、和。

9、句子的语气类型分为: 、、、感叹语气。

10、疑问句可分为三类:、和。

此外还有一类特殊的问句: 。

11、“比”字句在语义上由四个方面五项内容构成:A,包括参比甲项(比较主项)和参比乙项(比较客项或参照项);B比较;C ;D 。

12、从语形、语义相结合的角度看,“比”字句在比较类型上可分为整比、偏比和领比。

13、“除”字句的表义类型有、、。

14、复句的关系系统,由、、这三大类构成。

15、句群的的三个基本特征是、、。

16、动态分析的基本方法是“两个三角”的验证,“两个三角”包括: “表??里??值”三角和三角17、“小三角”的分析验证,包括和个方面。

18、“大三角”的分析验证,包括和“以古证今”两个方面。

19、修辞学的任务,是在大量收集修辞现象的基础上,从、、三方面去探索规律。

20、语体渗透的方式有三种:、、。

21、广告语体的特点是: 、、。

22、语言表达要符合“社会认同”,就必须遵守“三性”原则。

华师《现代汉语语法研究》在线作业【标准答案】

华师《现代汉语语法研究》在线作业【标准答案】

华师《现代汉语语法研究》在线作业-0001
试卷总分:100 得分:100
一、单选题 (共 10 道试题,共 30 分)
1.“理想是希望的升华。

”的句子语气是()
A.祈使语气
B.感叹语气
C.疑问语气
D.陈述语气
答案:D
2.正是因为什么样的特性,才是语法规则是一种简明的规则,只需重复使用有限的几条规则就能管住大量的现象( )
A.抽象性
B.递归性
C.系统性
D.稳定性
答案:B
3.最小的语音语义结合体是()
A.词
B.语素
C.短语
D.句子
答案:B
4.“连老王都打了”是一个歧义结构,歧义的原因是( )
A.词汇意义不同造成歧义
B.句法结构关系不同造成歧义
C.句法结构层次不同造成歧义
D.语义结构不同造成歧义
答案:D
5.“妈妈快来啊!”这句话属于____
A.陈述句
B.疑问句
C.祈使句
D.感叹句
答案:C
6.下面各项中,都是浊辅音的一组是
A.[t§ ]
B.[d §]
C.[b z]
D.[b§ ]。

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语法学模拟试卷(一)一、名词解释1、向心结构:一个句法结构S由a和b构成,如果a或b的功能同S的整体功能相同,那么a或b就叫做S的核心,有核心的句法结构就叫做向心结构。

2、直接成分:一个句法结构S,如果由a和b两个成分直接构成,那么a和b就叫做句法结构S的直接成分。

a和b则互为直接成分。

或:对一个句法结构S进行切分,得到两个构成成分a和b,那么a和b就叫做句法结构S的直接成分。

a和b则互为直接成分。

3、狭义同构:两个或两个以上的句法结构,如果满足如下两个条件:(1)同模。

(2)相对应的成分的功能都相同。

那么,它们狭义同构。

4、语义指向:句法结构中具有一定方向性和一定目标的语义联系叫做语义指向。

5、语义特征:一组词或一类词共有的、同特定的句法结构的语义具有语义兼容关系的语义成分叫做这组词或这类词的语义特征。

二、单项选择6、我国早期进行的系统的汉语语法研究的一个主要缺点是(D )A、术语不够严密B、方法不够完善C、描写不够细致D、没有充分注意到汉语语法自身的特点7、下面几点中,对汉语语法具有全局性的影响的一个特点是(D)A、词没有形态变化B、量词丰富多彩C、句子成分常常省略D、词组构造和单句构造采取同一套原则8、对汉语语法特点提示得最深刻的著作是(B)A、《马氏通文》B、《语法答问》C、《现代汉语语法讲话》D、《新著国语文法》9、由于汉语词类具有多功能的特点,所以在划分汉语的词类应该(B)A、根据词同句子成分之间的对应B、在词组平面划分C、根据词的形态变化D、根据词意义10、一般的说,确定一个实词是名词的依据是(D)A、不能受副词“不”修饰B、能受数量短语的修饰C、能够做主语和宾语D、不受副词“不”修饰并且能受数量短语修饰11、“调查”是一个动词,因为它(D)A、可以修饰名词,例如:调查报告B、能受数量短语的修饰C、可以做宾语,例如“进行调查D、不受副词“不”的修饰并且能受数量短语修饰12、在下列句法结构中,与“足球比赛”有同构关系的是(B)A、分析问题B、创作实践C、工作深入D、表示同意13、下列四组短语中,全是述宾短语的是(B)A、刺刹总统、刺杀计划B、搜查毒品、搜查房间C、建设祖国、建设规模D、管理企业、管理人员14、下列短语中,是定中短语的是( D )A、张华同学B、已经完成C、打扫干净D、操作方法15、在下面的例句中,虚词“再“要重读的是(B)A、吃了饭再走B、唱完了再唱一个C、下了班再去游泳C、看看情况再说吧16、在下面的例句中,表示“经历”意义、轻读的“过”是(B)A、小李吃过饭就走了B、见周恩来总理的人非常都尊重他C、过了一天又一天D、喝过了汤再吃饭17、在下面重叠的例子中,表示“适度、适中”意义的是(C)A、客客气气的B、坐坐C、白白的D、散散步18、根据句法结构二重性理论,下面关于主语、宾语的正确的说法是(D)A、主语一定是施事,宾语一定是受事B、主语不一定是施事,但宾语一定是受事C、主语一定是施事,但是宾语不一定是受事D、主语不一定是施事,宾语也不一字是受事19、下面句子中,状语同主语发生语义联系的是(B)A、阿Q圆圆地画了一个圈B、操场上整整齐齐地站着军训的同学C、星星亮晶晶地镶嵌在夜幕上D、刘易斯重重地打了泰森一拳20、下面的句子中,补语同宾语发生语义联系的是(C)A、老王喝醉了酒B小李吃饱了饭C、小张喊哑了嗓子D、老刘走出了房间21、下面的句子中,定语同谓语发生语义联系的是(A)A、姚明的球打得好B、红木的家具耐用C、飞奔的列车穿插过了隧道D、伟大的中国人民站起来了22、在下面的例子中,“大学”无指的一项是(C)A、这个城市有三所大学B、他年轻时读过三个大学C、小王只读了两年大学D、教学楼是大学里最重要的建筑23、在下面的例子中,“书”有指的一项是(D)A、过去穷人的孩子读不起书B、从小学到大学他一共读了十六年书B、他读了一肚子书,却考不上进士D、他喜欢读侦探破案的书24、在下面的例子中,“鸡”通指的一项是(C)A、王奶奶养了二十只鸡B、养鸡场里有许多只鸡C、小明从小就喜欢鸡D、张三一个人吃了一只鸡25、在下面的例子中,“鱼”专指的一项是(D)A、鱼生活在水里B、老王喜欢钓鱼C、老李很会烧鱼D、老张钓了一条鱼26、在下面的例子中,“衣服”定指的一项是(B)A、买衣服到服装让店去买B、这件衣服的样式不错C、人不穿衣服走不出门D、小梅昨天买了一件衣服27、在下面的例子中,“衣服”不定指的一项是(A)A、奶奶送给小梅两件衣服B、衣服洗好晾出去了C、小心,别把衣服弄脏了D、我的衣服呢?28、在“我买的书”这个结构中,共包含(C)A、一种结构B、两种结构C、三种结构D、四种结构29、在“女式飞鸽自行车”这个结构中,共包含(A)A、一种结构B、两种结构C、三种结构D、四种结构30、“我买的蓝色的上衣”的正确的切分是(A)A、我买的/蓝色的上衣B、我买的蓝色的/上衣C、我/买的蓝色的上衣D、我买的蓝色/的上衣31、“赵薇眼睛大”这个句子按结构应该分析为(C)A、定中短语做主语的句子B、形容词谓语句C、主谓谓语句D、名词谓语句32、下列名法结构中,主语是当事性质的是(C)A、张三打李四B、小梅洗衣服C、小李收到一封信D、小李写了一封信33、下列句法结构中,主语是工具性质的是(A)A、凉水洗不掉油B、这块布做裙子C、裙子做好了D、信写好了34、下列句法结构中,主语是领事性质的是(D)A、小梅领了一套教材B、妈妈领小红去公园C、共产党领导我们向前进D、小梅长着一双大眼睛35、下列句法结构中,宾语是结果性质的是(B)A、打毛线B、打毛衣C、打新式样D、打棒针三、多项选择36、对于“这个人我不认识”这个句子,正确的廉洁是(BCD)A、宾语前置句B、主谓谓语句C、“这个人”是句中的大主语D、“我不认识”是全句的谓语E、“不认识”是全句的谓语37、下列词语中,是形容词不达意的是(AB)A、热闹B、热情C、真情D、火热E、火红38、下列词语中,是状态词的是(ABCD)A、雪白B、白白的C、白花花的D、洁白E、白39、下列句子中,表示“转移”意义的是(BDE)A、部队转移到了赵庄B、小王送给我一支笔C、小李去了北京D、张三赢了李四一百块钱E、家里给我寄来一封信40、下列例子中,全是自主动词的有(ADE)A、走、笑B、知道、想C、牺牲、醉D、吃、睡E、写、洗41、下列例子中,是区别词的有(ACE)A、野生B、野外C、急性D、酸性E、暂时42、下列句法结构中,由于结构关系不同而造成歧义的是(ABCDE)A、炒鸡蛋B、烤白薯C、出租汽车D、进口彩电E、组织人员43、下列例子中,主语全是结果性质的有(ABCD)A、大桥建好了B、肉丝切好了C、衣服裁好了D、信写好了E、电视修好了44、下列句子中的动词表示“取得”意义的是(ABCD)A、张三抢了李四的包B、李四赢了张三的钱C、王五娶了赵六家女儿D、小偷偷走了老王家一辆自行车E、钱二卖给酒店一百斤猪肉45、下列句法结构中,含有陈述性宾语的是(BDE)A、律师证明被告无罪B、老李主张先调查一下C、小芳害怕在夜里走路D、我觉得这样挺好E、我们打算双休日去澳门四、分析题(一)分析下列句法结构的层次构造,并指明结构关系46、山顶上插着一面红旗主谓定中述宾定中定中47、这本小说我看过主谓定中主谓定中48、世界珍惜动物大熊猫的故乡中国同位定中“的”字结构同位定中(二)指出下面定中结构中定语的语义属性49、苗条的身材(形态属性)50、借来的书(来源属性)51、北京的天气(方所属性)52、西去的列车(去向属性)(三)运用变换分析分化下列狭义同构的句法结构53、在黑板上写字→把字写在黑板上54、在教室里看书→坐在教室里看书55、在米里拣沙子→从米里拣沙子56、在电脑上做习题→用电脑做习题(四)用层次分析或变换分析分化下列歧义结构57、王朔写的小说A 定中B 主谓58、发了两个月的工资A 定中B 述宾59、在火车上写字→把字写在火车上→坐在火车上写字60、他请你来检查身体→他请你来帮他检查身体→他请你来帮你检查身体五、简答题61、如何理解词不达意组是划分词类的操作平台。

答:(1)由于汉语的词多功能,词同句子成分之间不存在简单的一一对应的关系,所以汉语不能根据词同句子成分之间的对应关系,也就是说不能把句子层面作为划分词类的操作平台。

(2)词组是静态的结构单位,词在词组平面的组合要受到比句子平面较为严格的制约,从而显示出比较明显的类的区别。

(3)把词组作为划分词类的操作平台,就是根据词在词组中的分布(即词的功能)划分词类。

62、举例说明陈述形态转化为指称形态的常用语法手段。

答;把陈述形态转化为指称形态,常用的语法手段有:(1)在陈述形态后面加上名词性后加成分。

例如:傻→傻子尖→尖子盖→盖儿想→想头吃→吃头(2)加上结构助词“的、所、者”。

例如:见→所见卖菜→卖菜的红→红的读→读者记→记者(3)把陈述形态置于主语或宾语位置上。

例如:诚实是一种美德。

/ 散步有益于健康六、论述题63、现代汉语语法有哪些主要的、关乎全局的特点?试阐述之。

答:同印欧语相比较,现代汉语滞法主要的、关乎全局的特点主要有两条:(1)汉语的词类具有多功能的特点,词类同句子成分之间不存在一一对应的关系,而是复杂的一对多和多对一的关系;由于汉语词类的多功能,造成了一系列的后效,例如名词谓语句,动词、形容词做主语和宾语,名词做定语,动词做定语,形容词做谓语,等等。

在句法分布上形成了同英语大不相同的局面。

(2)词组的构造同句子的构造基本上是同一套原则。

这一点突出地表现在主谓词组上,主谓词组同其他词组的地位一样,也可以充当各种句法万分,特别是可以充当谓语,构成主谓谓语句,这就决定了汉语的语言类型学的定位:汉语是“主—谓—宾”句式和“主—主—谓”句式互相匹配的语言。

同时,汉语语法就可以在词组平面进行描述、刻画,形成以词组为基点的词组本位语法体系。

这就同以句子为基点的英语语法有重大区别的语法体系。

64、对下列三组句法结构进行变换分析,然后提取其中动词的语义特征。

A组 B组 C组他送了一本词典给小王他偷了一份情报给敌人他刻了一个图章给小王他卖了一件衣服给小王他要了一些白药给小王他画了一幅画给小王他还了一百元给小王他取了一笔钱给小王他煮了一碗面级小王他交了五千元给学校他买了一支笔给小王她打了一件毛衣给小王(提示:可以先把A、B、C三组的实例码化为“N1+V+了+N2+给+N3”形式,一方面说明A、B、C三组实例都是狭义同构的句法结构,二来也便于变换、分析、讨论。

答:我们首先把A、B、C三组的实例码化为“N1+V+了+N2+给+N3”形式。

(1)A组的句法结构有变换式“N1+V给+N3+N2”(A2),即:N1+V+了+N2+给+N3→N1+V给+N2+N2例如:他送了一本词典给小王→他送给小王一本词典他交了五千元给学校→他交给学校五千元B、C两组的句法结构都没有这一变换式,或者说不能这样变换。

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