及物和不及物动词的用法 优质课件

常见的不及物动词
agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed....
及物动词后面必须跟宾语
• A girl opened the door. • He reached Paris the day before yesterday. • Please hand me the book over there. • They asked me to go fishing with them.
完整后面不需跟宾语的实义动词，用vi表示。
如：My watch stopped.
不及物动词后面不能直接跟宾语
• My watch stopped. • It happened in June， 1932. • She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. • I used to live in the countryside.
* 及物动词常用于："主＋谓＋宾"；"主＋谓＋双宾"； "主＋谓＋宾＋宾补"结构。
常见的及物动词
buy, catch, dress,find, found, forget, give,invent, like, make,marry, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, serve, take, tell....
He lifted shpiseagklassvai.讲nd话dravtn.k说. （（语vt言, ）举起）
hang vi. 悬挂 vt. 绞死 operate vi.动手术 vt. 操作
有些及物动词后面可加上某些副词，作补语
(补类充似说明的宾还语有的：内容或状态)
put on 、 put off 、 put away 、put up 、put down Thpouutsaonudt、s otuf rpneopnl、e wteuren aotffthe airport to see them off. Seuttsinegutph、e cchuatirupas、idee,ahteuspa、t onsethlleofulot、or.cheer up Latshtinikghutp's、sthroanngdwinin、d nhearnlyd toouotk、ththerorowofaowffa!y / off Thweasktreikuerps、toowkriotevedrotwhen、facletot rdieosw. n···
什么是及物动词和不及物动词 ?
英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把实义动词分 成及物动词和不及物动词。
1. 及物动词 (transitive verb)——后面必须跟宾
语意义才完整的实义动词，用vt表示。
如：We planted many trees around our school.
2. 不及物动词(intransitive verb)—— 本身意义
如果在句子中需使用及物动词而后面却 没有宾语时，怎么办？
eg.
The little boy
was dressed
this morning. (dress)
在这个及句物子动中，词动+词副dr词ess后面没有不宾及语物，动我们词就短得语考虑以句子
主语来充当它的逻辑宾语，所以得使用被动语态。
又如：The booksLeabharlann Baidusold out in a week.
He promised to come on Tuesday but he
never showed up.
有些动词既可作及物动词， 又可作不及物动词。
1. 意义不变：
Everybody , our game begins.（Vi）
Let us begin our game. （vt）
类似的还有：
start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....
类似的有：
2. be意at 义完vi.跳全动不同vt.：敲、打;
grow vi.生长 vt. 种植 Wleiftseadpws.lam（tryhienveligl, m消vio.v散玩ui.v发耍n）i.t出（a（电ivnt气话.w打味、h（）铃en牌）、tv响ht球.e嗅）cvl,ot演.打u奏d电s话
• The foreigners arrived （at our school this morning）.
• You must wait (for your turn).
• 不及物动词只能用于“主＋谓”结构,但是可以加任意 状语。
• 或者理解成：后面需要宾语时，必须加上相应的介词， 如to, of , at，on, for 等。
The liTtthleebeoynedmresysewdeurpe tfhoirscmeodrntoingg.iv(dereinss.) 有些及物M动y词c后ar面b加ro上k某e个d副ow词n时o，n可m转y化w为a不y及to物动sc词h。ool.
He proposed to set off immediately.