初中英语句子成分的划分与练习
初中英语划分句子成分练习题及答案
初中英语划分句子成分练习题及答案1.We always work hard at English.2.He said he didn't come.3.They love each other.4.What did you bye?5.She watched her daughter playing the piano.6.your job today is to help the old.7.Speaking doesn't mean doing.8.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left.9.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.10.It takes me an hour to get there.答案:1.We always work hard at English。
——————————————主语状语谓语状语状语2. He said he didn't come.———————————————主句主语主句谓语从句主语从句谓语3.They love each other.——————————主谓语宾语4.What did you bye?————————宾助动词主谓5.She watched her daughter playing the piano. —————————————————————主谓宾宾语补足语6.your job today is to help the old.——————- ——————————主定语系动词表语7.Speaking doesn't mean doing.————————————主谓宾8.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left. —————————————————————————时间状语从句主句主语主句谓语9.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of ———————————————————————————————主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语状语their marriage.————————10.It takes me an hour to get there. ————————————————形式主语谓语宾语真正主语。
初中英语句子成分及练习
英语句子成分英语句子与汉语句子一样,都是由单词按照一定的规则所组成的。
不同的词类在句中所起的作用是不同的。
因此,只有搞清不同词类在句中可充当哪些成分,才能正确分析、理解句子的含义,并能准确地遣词造句,逐渐达到流利地说出地道的英语。
【问】什么是句子成分?英语句子包含哪些成分?【答】组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
它包括:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。
【问】各成分在句中的作用如何?分别由哪些词及短语充当?【答】1.主语:是句子要说明的人或事物,是句子的主体,一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式或动名词等充当。
如:The car is running fast.(名词)We are students.(代词)One of my classmates is from Shanghai.(数词)It's bad manners to spit in public.(不定式)Eating too much is bad for your health.(动名词)【注意】若不定式短语作主语常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语(不定式短语)放在句后。
2.谓语:说明主语的动作或状态,也是句子的主体部分,一般由动词充当。
动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。
实义动词单独作谓语,连系动词与表语一起构成谓语,情态动词与省略to的不定式构成合成谓语,助动词与动词原形共同构成谓语部分。
如:He works in a factory.(实义动词)I felt cold.(系动词+表语)How can I get to the station?(情态动词+实义动词)Do you speak English?(助动词+实义动词)They are working in a field.(助动词+实义动词)【注意】谓语与主语在人称与数方面要相互照应。
3.宾语:是及物动词所涉及的对象,一般由名词、代词、不定式及动名词等充当。
初中英语句子成分讲解简单明了附练习答案(精品)
初中英语句子成分一.句子的成分:句子的成分是指组成句子的各个部分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、补足语、定语、状语等。
主要成分:主语和谓语句子的成分次要成分:表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等(一)主语:主语是一个句子的主要成分,也是句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,Subject 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
注意:在there be结构、疑问(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语动词、助动词例如:Tom is a good boy. (名词)We often speak English in class. (代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure. (不定式)Smoking does harm to the health. (动名词)The rich should help the poor. (名词化形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. (主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式)(二)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
说明主语“做什么”、Predicate “是什么”或“怎么样”,一般由动词或动词短语来充当,一般放在主语之后。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
谓语的构成如下:1.简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
例如:I like apples. ( 动词)He practices running every morning. (动词短语)2.复合谓语:(1)由(情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形)构成;例如:You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.(2)由(系动词+表语)构成。
初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案
初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案句子成分是指句子中各个部分的语法作用和关系。
英语句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。
下面是一些初中英语句子成分的练习及答案。
练习一:1. The cat chased the mouse.2. My sister is a doctor.3. The boy with the red hat is my friend.4. She sings beautifully.5. The teacher gave us a lot of homework.请判断每个句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
答案:1. 主语:The cat;谓语:chased;宾语:the mouse。
2. 主语:My sister;谓语:is;宾语:a doctor。
3. 主语:The boy;谓语:is;定语:with the red hat;宾语:my friend。
4. 主语:She;谓语:sings;状语:beautifully。
5. 主语:The teacher;谓语:gave;宾语:us;定语:a lot of;宾语补足语:homework。
练习二:1. The tall man in the blue shirt is my father.2. The dog barked loudly at the mailman.3. My mother cooked a delicious dinner for us.4. The students are studying hard for the exam.5. The sun sets in the west.请在每个句子中找出主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
答案:1. 主语:The tall man in the blue shirt;谓语:is;宾语:my father。
2. 主语:The dog;谓语:barked;状语:loudly;宾语:at the mailman。
最新初中英语句子成分讲解简单明了附练习答案(精品)
初中英语句子成分句子的成分:句子的成分是指组成句子的各个部分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、补足语、定语、状语等。
主要成分:主语和谓语句子的成分次要成分:表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等(一)主语:主语是一个句子的主要成分,也是句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,Subject 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
注意:在there be结构、疑问(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语动词、助动词例如:Tom is a good boy. (名词)We often speak English in class. (代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure. (不定式)Smoking does harm to the health. (动名词)The rich should help the poor. (名词化形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. (主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式)(二)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
说明主语“做什么”、Predicate “是什么”或“怎么样”,一般由动词或动词短语来充当,一般放在主语之后。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
谓语的构成如下:1.简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
例如:I like apples. ( 动词)He practices running every morning. (动词短语)2.复合谓语:(1)由(情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形)构成;例如:You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.(2)由(系动词+表语)构成。
初中英语句子成分的划分及练习
句子成分(Members of a Sentence)什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。
在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。
句子成分由词或词组充当。
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。
掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主+谓)二:SVP(主+系+表)三:SVO(主+谓+宾)四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)基本句型一:SV(主+谓)主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。
主语一般在句首。
注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。
不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come.此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
S│V(不及物动词)1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。
2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。
3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。
4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
5. Who │cares? 管它呢?6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。
7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。
初中英语句子成分的划分及练习
句子成分(Members of a Sentence)英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。
掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主+谓)二:SVP(主+系+表)三:SVO(主+谓+宾)四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)基本句型一:SV(主+谓)主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。
主语一般在句首。
注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
S│ V(不及物动词)1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。
2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。
3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。
4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
5. Who │cares? 管它呢?6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。
7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。
8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。
基本句型二:SVP(主+系+表)S│V(是系动词)│ P1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。
2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。
3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。
4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。
5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。
初中英语句子结构成份讲解及专项练习(含答案)
英语句子成分划分详解(一)主语:就是一个句子陈述的对象,或是动作的执行者。
它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题。
如:我看书。
谁看书?“我”。
“我”就是这句子的主语。
主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当。
(如动词不定式,动名词,代词都可作主语,主语从句)主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. (动名词)To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book.(主语从句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)谓语:说明主语是什么,干什么,怎么样。
它回答的是主语“干什么,是什么”的问题。
如上句中主语“我”干什么?“看书”。
“看书”就是谓语。
一个句子,一般都可分成主、谓两大部分(祈使句是省主句)。
再细分又可分成谓语(动词)、宾语,表语,补语(包括宾补和主补),定语,状语,同位语等。
如第一例中谓语部分可划分成谓语(看)和宾语(书)。
谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词,要么是行为动词,要么是系动词,不同的动词构成不同的句子类型。
句子的各种时态、人称和数的变化都在谓语动词上变。
谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English.He is asleep.宾语:指谓语动词所涉及的对象,由名、代、数,宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当,但人称代词要用宾格。
如:还说上例。
谓语动词是“看”,看什么?看“书”,“书”是动词“看”所涉及的对象,是“看”的宾语。
需要说明的是:只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语。
【英语】英语初中英语句子结构与成分练习题含解析
【英语】英语初中英语句子结构与成分练习题含解析一、句子结构与成分1.The sentence structure of"The boy looks smart."is"".A.S+V+OB.S+V+IO+DOC.S+V+O+C【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:句子"The boy looks smart."是什么结构?A.主语+谓语+宾语;B.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;C.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。
the boys是主语,looks是谓语;smart是表语,故选C。
【点评】考查句子结构,注意平时识记其分类。
2.—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes,and her voice sounded________.A.sweetB.smallC.clearlyD.sadly【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:——他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊!——是的,她的声音听起来很甜美。
sweet甜的;small小的;clearly清楚地;sadly伤心地。
sound是系动词,后跟形容词,故选A。
【点评】考查系表结构。
3.Choose the correct structure(结构)of this sentence"He lent me a book."A.S+V+OB.S+V+IO+DOC.S+V+PD.S+V+DO+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意“He lent me a book”。
he为主语S;lent为谓语V;me为间接宾语IO;a book为直宾DO。
故结构为S+V+IO+DO。
故选B。
【点评】此题考查简单句的结构。
4.This cake is really big._______share it.A.May be we canB.We may be canC.Maybe we canD.Maybe can we 【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意“蛋糕真的很大,也许我们可以分享它”。
初中英语句子成分练习题及答案
初中英语句子成分练习题及答案在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:Lucy is a beautiful nurse.He reads newspapers every day.Smoking is harmful to the health.To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. What we should do is not yet decided.谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers.We study hard.We don’t finish reading the book.He can speak English.宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.She saysshe is ill.We often help him.He likes to play basketball.We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。
介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语。
名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。
另外,动词不定式可作动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。
说明2:放在直接宾语之前。
不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。
有的动词可以跟。
如:give, show,bring, pass, buy等。
如:Our teacher tells us a story.The sun gives us light.间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后间接宾语前加“to”的有:give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise, refuse等。
初中英语划分句子成分详解及练习
初中英语划分句子成分详解及练习1.主语:A、句首的人或物作主语:He is a student. My clothes are out of style.B、There be 后的人或物作主语。
There are many people in the park.C、It is +adj +for sb +to do sth 中It 作形式主语,to do sth作真正主语D It takes sb some time to do sth 中It 作形式主语,to do sth作真正主语F、Jim, a famous singer, will come to our school next week.中a famous singer作同位主语。
2、谓语:BE动词,实义动词,情态动词+动词作谓语;A、They are in the same school.B.He goes to the movie every week .C.I will go skating tomorrow.They can play football.3.宾语:动词后的人或物作宾语。
分为宾语,直接宾语(物),间接宾语(人),形式宾语(It)A.I have to look after my mother .B. The teacher will take them away.C.My father bought me a bike on my 15th birthday. 句中me作间接宾语,a bike作直接宾语D.Mr zhang teach us English . 句中us作间接宾语,English作直接宾语※find it +adj+for sb +to do sth 中,it 作形式宾语。
E. I found it difficult for me to learn math well.句中it作形式宾语,difficult作宾语补足语。
初中英语划分句子成分习题(含答案)
11. We always work hard at English.主语状语谓语状语状语12. He said he didn't come.主句主语主句谓语从句主语从句谓语13. They love each other.主谓语宾语14. What did you buy?宾助动词主谓15. She watched her daughter playing the piano.主语谓语宾语宾语补足语16. Your job today is to help the old.主语定语系动词表语17. Speaking doesn't mean doing.主语谓语宾语18. Bye the time I got to the station, the train had left.时间状语从句主句主语主句谓语19. The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语状语20. It takes me an hour to get there.形式主语谓语宾语真正主语划分句子成分练习题(2)(一) 指出下例句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC. goD. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework⑦ What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is⑧ We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC. sendD. doctor⑨ He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC. inD. music⑩ Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB. didC. whomD. book(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother hasn't done his homework.A B C D② People all over the world speak English.A B C D③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.A B C D④ How many new words did you learn last class?A B C D⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?A B C D⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.A B C D⑦ They made him monitor of the class.A B C D⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.A B C D⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.A B C D⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.A B C D(四) 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man was feeling very tired.A B C D② Why is he worried about Jim?A B C D③ The leaves have turned yellow.A B C D④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.A B C D⑤ She was the first to learn about it.A B C D(五) 挑出下例句中的定语① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.A B C D② What is your given name?A B C D③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.A B C D④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.A B C D⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.A B C D⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!A B C D(六) 挑出下例句中的宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.A B C D② He asked her to take the boy out of school.A B C D③ She found it difficult to do the work.A B C D④ They call me Lily sometimes.A B C D⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C D⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?A B C D(七) 挑出下例句中的状语① There was a big smile on her face.A B C D② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.A B C D③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.A B C D④ The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast.A B C D⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.A B C D⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.A B C D⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.A B C D⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.A B C D(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤ Did he leave any message for me?划分句子成分练习题(2)参考答案(一) ① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do(二) ① B ② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C ⑥ C ⑦ D ⑧ C ⑨ A ⑩ A(三) ① D ② D ③ B ④ A ⑤ B ⑥ D ⑦ C ⑧ D ⑨ A ⑩ D(四) ①D ②B ③D ④C ⑤B(五) ① C ② C ③ A ④ B ⑤ B ⑥ D(六) ① C ② C ③ C ④ C ⑤ D ⑥ B(七) ① D ② A ③ D ④ D ⑤ A ⑥ D ⑦ C ⑧ D(八) ① us, 间接宾语a story, 直接宾语② me, 间接宾语a new bike, 直接宾语③ us, 间接宾语history, 直接宾语④ Tom, 间接宾语it, 直接宾语⑤ me, 间接宾语message, 直接宾语。
初中英语句子成分的划分及练习
初中英语句子成分的划分及练习种谓语动词叫做系动词,常见的有be动词(am。
is。
are。
was。
were等)和感官动词(look。
sound。
feel等)。
S│V│P(系动词)1.She│is beautiful.她很漂亮。
2.He│looks XXX.他看起来很疲倦。
3.XXX flowers│XXX.花儿散发着甜香。
4.XXX XXX.蛋糕味道很好。
5.The room│feels cold.房间感觉很冷。
6.The book│seems interesting.这本书似乎很有趣。
7.The music│sounds soothing.音乐听起来很舒缓。
8.The sky│remains blue.天空依旧是蓝色的。
基本句型三:SVO(主+谓+宾)此句型的句子除了主语和谓语,还有一个宾语。
宾语可以是名词、代词、动词不定式等,一般在谓语动词后面。
及物动词(vt.)需要宾语来补充完整的意思。
S│V│O(及物动词)1.I│love you.我爱你。
2.XXX.她买了一件新裙子。
3.They│planted some XXX.他们种了一些树。
4.XXX.他写了一封信。
5.W e│ate pizza for XXX.我们晚餐吃了披萨。
6.She│gave me a book.她给了我一本书。
7.They│built a house last year.他们去年建了一座房子。
8.XXX│taught us English.老师教我们英语。
基本句型四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)此句型的句子除了主语、谓语和直接宾语,还有一个间接宾语。
间接宾语一般是人,直接宾语可以是物品、人或抽象概念,一般在间接宾语前面。
有些及物动词需要同时有直接宾语和间接宾语才能表达完整的意思。
S│V│O│O(及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)1.She│bought me a gift.她给我买了一份礼物。
2.They│sent him a postcard.他们给他寄了一张明信片。
初中英语句子成分及句子结构和练习
句子成分与句子结构每个句子里的词与词之间都有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的成分。
在初中英语中,句子的成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语七种。
A)句子成分框架图:1.主语(一)用横线画出下列句中主语的中心词。
1.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.2.There is an old man coming here.3.The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.4.To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.2.谓语(二)选出句中谓语的中心词。
( B )1.I don't like the picture on the wall.A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wall( A )2.The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer( C )3.Do you usually go to school by bus?A.DouallyC.goD.bus( A )4.There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A.will beB.meetingC.the libraryD.afternoon( C )5.Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast3.表语(三)用横线画出下列句中的表语。
1.The old man was feeling very tired.2.Why is he worried about Jim?3.The leaves have turned yellow.4.Soon they all became interested in the subject.5.She was the first to learn about it.4.宾语如:Could you lend me your bicycle?(=Could you lend your bicycle to me?)你能把你的自行车借给我吗?He bought his mother a handbag.(=He bought a handbag for his mother.)他给他妈妈买了一个手提包。
(完整版)初中英语划分句子成分练习题及答案
初中英语划分句子成分练习题及答案1.We always work hard at English.2.He said he didn't come.3.They love each other.4.What did you bye?5.She watched her daughter playing the piano.6.your job today is to help the old.7.Speaking doesn't mean doing.8.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left.9.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.10.It takes me an hour to get there.答案:1.We always work hard at English。
—— —— —— —— ——————主语状语谓语状语状语2. He said he didn't come.——— ——— ——— ——————主句主语主句谓语从句主语从句谓语3.They love each other.—— —— ——————主谓语宾语4.What did you bye?—— —— —— ——宾助动词主谓5.She watched her daughter playing the piano.—— ———— —————— —————————主谓宾宾语补足语6.your job today is to help the old.———— ——- —— ————————主定语系动词表语7.Speaking doesn't mean doing.———— —————— ——主谓宾8.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left.———————————————— ————— ————时间状语从句主句主语主句谓语9.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of —————— ——— —————— ——— —————————————主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语状语their marriage.————————10.It takes me an hour to get there.—— ——— ————— ——————形式主语谓语宾语真正主语。
初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)
初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)一、句子结构与成分1.The sentence structure of "The boy looks smart." is" ".A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+O+C【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:句子"The boy looks smart."是什么结构?A.主语+谓语+宾语;B.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;C.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。
the boys是主语,looks是谓语;smart是表语,故选C。
【点评】考查句子结构,注意平时识记其分类。
2.Which of the following sentences is correct?A. He came in and sat down.B. We all like <Harry Potter>.C. When we met. He didn't say hello.D. We went out, headed for the bus stop.【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:下面那个句子是正确的。
A是简单句,came和sat是并列谓语,都是一般过去式,所以A正确。
B中的符号不符合英语习惯,在英语中没有书名号,表示书名时通常用斜体字形式。
C句的标点符号是错误的,把met后的句号改为逗号才符合复合句的定义。
D句中headed前应加上and或者将headed改为heading构成伴随状语。
因此选A。
【点评】考查句法知识。
3.—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes, and her voice sounded ________.A. sweetB. smallC. clearlyD. sadly【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:——他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊!——是的,她的声音听起来很甜美。
初中英语划分句子成分习题(含答案)
划分句子成分练习题(1)1. They are working on the farm now.主语vi谓语地点状语时间状语2. Seeing is believing.主语l.v谓语表语3. All of us like Kobe Bryant very much.主语谓语宾语程度副词状语4. She became a doctor in 1998.主语l.v谓语表语时间状语5. The book lying on the floor are mine.主语补语谓语宾语6. Suddenly it began to rain.状语形式主语谓语7. To catch the train, I got up early yesterday.目的状语主语谓语时间状语8. I always find her happy.主语谓语宾语状语9. He wonders If I still study English.主语谓语条件句中的主语条件句中的谓语条件句中的宾语(整个条件句做主干的宾语)10. The letter which I received the day before yesterday was a friend of mine.主语定语从句谓语宾语11. We always work hard at English.主语状语谓语状语状语12. He said he didn't come.主句主语主句谓语从句主语从句谓语13. They love each other.主谓语宾语14. What did you buy?宾助动词主谓15. She watched her daughter playing the piano.主语谓语宾语宾语补足语16. Your job today is to help the old.主语定语系动词表语17. Speaking doesn't mean doing.主语谓语宾语18. Bye the time I got to the station, the train had left.时间状语从句主句主语主句谓语19. The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语状语20. It takes me an hour to get there.1/ 4形式主语谓语宾语真正主语划分句子成分练习题(2)(一) 指出下例句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC. goD. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework⑦ What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is⑧ We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC. sendD. doctor⑨ He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC. inD. music⑩ Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB. didC. whomD. book(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother hasn't done his homework.A B C D② People all over the world speak English.A B C D③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.A B C D④ How many new words did you learn last class?A B C D⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?A B C D2/ 4⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.A B C D⑦ They made him monitor of the class.A B C D⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.A B C D⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.A B C D⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.A B C D(四) 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man was feeling very tired.A B C D② Why is he worried about Jim?A B C D③ The leaves have turned yellow.A B C D④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.A B C D⑤ She was the first to learn about it.A B C D(五) 挑出下例句中的定语① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.A B C D② What is your given name?A B C D③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.A B C D④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.A B C D⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.A B C D⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!A B C D(六) 挑出下例句中的宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.A B C D② He asked her to take the boy out of school.A B C D③ She found it difficult to do the work.A B C D3/ 4④ They call me Lily sometimes.A B C D⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C D⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?A B C D(七) 挑出下例句中的状语① There was a big smile on her face.A B C D② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.A B C D③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.A B C D④ The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast.A B C D⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.A B C D⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.A B C D⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.A B C D⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.A B C D(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤ Did he leave any message for me?划分句子成分练习题(2)参考答案(一) ① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do(二) ① B ② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C ⑥ C ⑦ D ⑧ C ⑨ A ⑩ A(三) ① D ② D ③ B ④ A ⑤ B ⑥ D ⑦ C ⑧ D ⑨ A ⑩ D(四) ①D ②B ③D ④C ⑤B(五) ① C ② C ③ A ④ B ⑤ B ⑥ D(六) ① C ② C ③ C ④ C ⑤ D ⑥ B(七) ① D ② A ③ D ④ D ⑤ A ⑥ D ⑦ C ⑧ D(八) ① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语③ us, 间接宾语history, 直接宾语④ Tom, 间接宾语it, 直接宾语⑤ me, 间接宾语message, 直接宾语4/ 4。
初中英语句子成分分析含练习含答案
一. 主语 (1)二. 谓语 (2)三. 表语 (3)四. 宾语 (4)五. 补语 (7)六. 定语 (8)七. 同位语 (9)八. 状语 (10)句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的,表达一个完整的意义。
一个句子一般由两部分构成,即主语部分和谓语部分,这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。
句子的次要成分包括宾语,定语,状语,表语、同位语等。
一.主语:主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme),是句子所述说的主体、对象。
它的位置一般在一句之首。
可用作主语的有一个单词、短语、从句乃至句子。
1.名词作主语。
A tree has fallen across the road. (一棵树倒下横在路上。
)Little streams feed big rivers. ( 小河流入大江。
)2.代词用作主语。
He told a joke but it fell flat. (他说了个笑话,但没有引人发笑)Everybody enjoyed themselves on vacation. 假期里大家都过得很愉快。
3.数词用作主语。
如:Three is enough. 三个就够了。
Four from seven leaves three. 7减4余3。
4.名词化的形容词用作主语。
The old and the young are taken good care of in that village.5.副词用作主语(极少见)。
Now is the time. 现在是时候了。
6.名词化的介词作主语。
The ups and downs of life must be taken as they come. 我们必须承受人生之沉浮。
7.不定式用作主语。
To find your way can be a problem.你能否找到路可能是一个问题。
It is impossible to defeat a person who never gives up.要打败一个永不放弃的人是不可能的。
初中英语句子成分讲解及练习
主语
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主语
另外,英语中还有一种特殊的主语形式叫“形式主语”,例如:It .... that ...句式等。 took us two hours to travel around the city by subway. (It 是形式主语, to travel...部分是真正的主语)
What I want to tell you is this.
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单击此处可添加副标题
从语法角度说,及物动词后面要接宾语 (介词后也有宾语) 。从意义上来说,宾语是动作的对象、目标。宾语是对谓语动词的进一步说明和解释。We often help him. (代词作宾语) He likes to play basketball. (不定式作宾语) We enjoy listening to the music. (动名词短语作宾语)
The kids are really interested in joining the chess club
定语
定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。单个词作定语时,通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。The black bike is mine.(形容词) What’s your name?(代词)They make paper flowers.(名词)
小练习
请找出下列句中的宾语补足语。He asked her to take the boy to the doctor’s. She found it difficult to finish the work today.We call her Lily sometimes.
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句子成分(Members of a Sentence)什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。
在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。
句子成分由词或词组充当。
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。
掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主+谓)二:SVP(主+系+表)三:SVO(主+谓+宾)四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)基本句型一:SV(主+谓)主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。
主语一般在句首。
注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。
不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come.此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
S│V(不及物动词)1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。
2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。
3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。
4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
5. Who │cares? 管它呢?6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。
7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。
8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。
基本句型二:SVP(主+系+表)此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做连系动词。
系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。
be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。
其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。
感官动词多可用作联系动词:look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好,smell bad/难闻S│V(是系动词)│P1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。
2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。
3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。
4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。
5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。
7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。
8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。
There be 结构:There be 表示‘存在有’。
这里的there没有实际意义,不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。
此结构后跟名词,表示‘(存在)有某事物’试比较:There is a boy there.(那儿有一个男孩。
)/前一个there无实意,后一个there为副词‘那里’。
基本句型三:SVO(主+谓+宾)此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。
这类动词叫做及物动词。
宾语位于及物动词之后,一般同主语构成一样,不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’,如:me,him,them等S│V(及物动词)│O1. Who │knows │the answer? 谁知道答案?2. She │smiled │her thanks. 她微笑表示感谢。
3. He │has refused │to help them. 他拒绝帮他们。
4. He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书。
5. They │ate │what was left over. 他们吃了剩饭。
6. He │said │"Good morning." 他说:"早上好!"7. I │want │to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。
8. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误。
基本句型四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,如:give给,pass递,bring带,show显示。
这两个宾语通常一个指人,为间接宾语;一个指物,为直接宾语。
间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。
一般的顺序为:动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语。
如:Give me a cup of tea,please. 强调间接宾语顺序为:动词+ 直接宾语+介词+ 间接宾语。
如:Show this house to Mr.Smith.若直接宾语为人称代词:动词+ 代词直接宾语+介词+ 间接宾语。
如:Bring it to me,please.S│V(及物)│o(多指人)│O(多指物)1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。
2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。
3. He │brought │you │a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。
4. He │denies │her │nothing. 他对她什么都不拒绝。
5. I │showed │him │my pictures. 我给他看我的照片6. I │gave │my car │a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。
7. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。
8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。
基本句型五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。
宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。
名词/代词宾格+ 名词The war made him a soldier./战争使他成为一名战士.名词/代词宾格+ 形容词New methods make the job easy./新方法使这项工作变得轻松.名词/代词宾格+ 介词短语I often find him at work./我经常发现他在工作.名词/代词宾格+ 动词不定式The teacher ask the students to close the windows./老师让学生们关上窗户. 名词/代词宾格+ 分词I saw a cat running across the road./我看见一只猫跑过了马路.S│V(及物)│O(宾语)│C(宾补)1. They │appointed │him │manager. 他们任命他当经理。
2. They │painted │the door │green. 他们把门漆成绿色3. This │set │them │thinking. 这使得他们要细想一想。
4. They │found │the house │deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住。
5. What │makes │him │think so? 他怎么会这样想?6. We │saw │him │out. 我们送他出去7. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 他要我早点回来。
8. I │saw │them │getting on the bus. 我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短,这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语(modifier)而加以扩大。
这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语)。
我们称之为:定语、状语一、定语:定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。
若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时,(如:something、nothing);或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时,则定语通常置后。
副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。
形容词作定语:The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy;blue修饰名词pen.)/小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔。
Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是个英俊的男孩。
There is a good boy./有个乖男孩。
数词作定语相当于形容词:Two boys need two pens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔。
The two boys are students./这两个男孩是学生。
There are two boys in the room./房间里有两个男孩。
代词或名词所有格作定语:His boy needs Tom\'s pen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔。
His name is Tom./他的名字是汤姆。
There are two boys of T oms there./那儿有Tom家的两个男孩。
介词短语作定语:The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。
The boy in blue is Tom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。
There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩。