从《阿甘正传》透视美国文化
从《阿甘正传》看美国文化
从《阿甘正传》看美国文化从《阿甘正传》看美国文化《阿甘正传》是一部经典的美国电影，它通过讲述主人公阿甘的故事，展现了美国文化的许多特征。
本文将从几个方面探讨，通过分析电影中的情节和人物形象，展现出美国的社会价值观、个人主义、机会平等、多元文化以及乐观向上等特点。
首先，美国文化中的社会价值观体现在电影中深深地扎根在人们的心中。
阿甘是一位智商低下，但心地善良的人，他从小就受到了来自社会各方面的歧视和排斥。
然而，他通过自己的努力，坚持不懈地追求自己的梦想，最终成为了一位成功的企业家。
这种通过努力和毅力可以改变命运的信念是美国文化中非常重要的价值观。
其次，个人主义是美国文化的重要组成部分，也是《阿甘正传》的一个主要主题。
电影中的阿甘一直坚信每个人都有自己的命运，而他的命运取决于自己的决定和行动。
无论是在越战的战场上还是在创业的过程中，阿甘都是以自己的方式行事，追求自己的梦想。
这种个人主义的精神在美国文化中非常普遍，每个人都被鼓励追求自己的利益和幸福。
机会平等是美国文化的核心价值观之一，也是《阿甘正传》所强调的。
电影中的阿甘生长在一个贫穷的家庭，他从小就面临着许多困难和挑战。
然而，美国社会给予了他机会去实现自己的梦想。
不论阶层和背景如何，只要有足够的努力和能力，每个人都有机会实现自己的理想。
这种对机会平等的追求反映了美国文化的价值观。
此外，《阿甘正传》还展示了美国社会的多元文化特点。
电影中描绘了从20世纪50年代到90年代美国社会发生的许多重大事件和社会变革。
阿甘与各种各样的人交往和互动，包括战友、明星、政客等，展示了美国社会的多元性和包容性。
在这个国家里，不同的文化、种族、宗教和背景的人们可以和谐地共处，并共同为实现自己的梦想而努力。
最后，乐观向上是美国文化中的一种精神，也是《阿甘正传》所倡导的。
电影中的阿甘面对种种困难和逆境，始终保持着乐观的态度。
他从不放弃，总是相信明天会更好。
这种乐观向上的精神是美国人民的共同特点，无论遭遇什么困境，都相信通过努力和坚持可以改变命运。
《阿甘正传》的美国文化解读
《阿甘正传》的美国文化解读作者：杜云云史军华来源：《电影评介》2008年第16期[摘要]经典电影《阿甘正传》是一部包容广博、意味隽永的影片，它就像一盒什锦巧克力，只要用心品尝，每个人都会有不同的感受，有来自不同的诠释角度的心灵震撼。
从文化的视角对这部影片进行解读，有助于深刻领悟美国本土文化中的姓名文化、信仰文化和充分的理解习语所表达的意思。
[关键词]《阿甘正传》姓名文化信仰文化习语电影《阿甘正传》1995年获13项奥斯卡奖提名，最终获最佳影片、最佳导演、最佳男主角、最佳改编剧本、最佳剪辑、最佳特技效果6项奥斯卡大奖，1998年被评为美国最伟大的百部电影之一，而且时至今日它也没有像其他影片一样或被打入冷宫或销声匿迹，仍然是倍受观众和影评界津津乐道的话题，足以说明它的魅力所在。
电影《阿甘正传》是一部包容广博、意味隽永的影片，有人把它当作爱情片欣赏，有人把它理解为政治片，有人把它视为励志片，也有人说它只是一部轻如鸿毛的娱乐片，总之，它就像一盒什锦巧克力，只要用心品尝，每个人都会有不同的感受，有来自不同的诠释角度的心灵震撼《阿甘正传》是一部反智电影，是对美国历史的调侃式的反思，更是对美国本土文化的全面展示。
借助对这部影片进行的文化解读，有助于读者领悟美国本土文化中的姓名文化、信仰文化和充分得理解习语所表达的意思。
一、姓名文化1、阿甘FORREST：Now when I was a baby，Mama named me after the great Civil Warhero，General Nathan Bedford Forrest Shesaid we were related tO him in some wayWhat he did was，he started up this clubcalled the Ku Klux Klan……，And anyway，that’s how I got my name，Forrest Gump Momma said that the Fo rrest part was to remind me that sometimes we all do thingsthat well just don’t make no sense“我还是个婴儿时，妈妈给我取了内战英雄内森·贝德福德·福雷斯特将军的名字，是他创建了这个叫三K党的集团。
电影《阿甘正传》折射出的美国文化.docx
电影《阿甘正传》折射出的美国文化.docx电影《阿甘正传》是由导演罗伯特·泽米吉斯执导，于1994年上映的一部经典电影。
这部影片讲述了阿甘·甘普斯（由汤姆·汉克斯饰演）的生活故事。
以阿甘的生平故事为主线，通过回忆和讲述的方式展现了他在二十世纪美国历史中的种种经历。
通过他的视角和经历，深刻地反映了美国社会和文化的演变。
影片通过阿甘的人生历程，展示了对人类尊严和平等的坚守。
阿甘出生时患有智力障碍，但他没有被社会的偏见和歧视击垮。
相反，他以自己独特的方式参与了社会生活，并与各种各样的人建立了深厚的友谊。
他不分贫富、肤色或身份，对每个人都抱有同样的关爱和尊重。
这种无私的包容和接纳，传递了一种强烈的人文主义价值观，呼吁社会摒弃偏见和歧视，给予每个人应有的尊严和平等。
电影揭示了美国社会的历史变迁和文化演进，阿甘生活的时代正是美国历史上重要的时期，包括二战、种族隔离、社会运动等，通过阿甘与这些历史事件和文化现象的交织，我们可以看到美国社会在这些关键时刻的转变和冲突。
影片中的角色和情节反映了当时社会的种种问题和争议，例如反战抗议、种族平等、性革命等。
这些反映使得观众可以对美国社会的历史进程和文化变化有更深入的理解。
电影《阿甘正传》传递了一种乐观主义和希望的精神，尽管阿甘在一生中经历了许多困难和挫折，但他总是坚持积极向上的态度，从不放弃对美好未来的期望。
他的乐观主义精神感染了身边的人，给予他们希望和勇气，这种积极的心态在电影中得到了赞美，它向观众传达了一个重要的信息：无论生活如何艰难，坚持乐观的态度和积极行动，我们可以战胜困难，实现自己的梦想。
这种乐观主义和希望的精神在电影中被塑造得淋漓尽致，给予观众积极的启示和鼓舞。
电影还以幽默和温情的方式揭示了人生的意义和价值，阿甘虽然智力有限，但他通过诚实、善良和勇敢的行为，成为了一个受人敬仰的人物。
他以一种天真而纯粹的眼光看待世界，关心他人，无私地帮助他人，用他的行动影响了周围的人。
(完整版)电影《阿甘正传》的美国传统文化
电影《阿甘正传》的美国传统文化[摘要]《阿甘正传》中出现许多美国的传统文化内容，包括宗教文化、崇尚道德和友谊的传统精神等，这些文化内容使得《阿甘正传》这部影片有了历史和文化的积淀。
本文通过对《阿甘正传》这部电影内容和情节的分析，对于美国的传统文化回归进行整体、系统的探讨,主要是通过美国的宗教文化、传统文化和家庭文化三方面来进行的，其目的是一方面促进观众对于《阿甘正传》的正确理解，一方面是对美国传统文化进行深入理解。
［关键词］《阿甘正传》；宗教文化；美国文化；传统文化；价值回归电影最本质的意义不是为观众提供娱乐,而是为观众提供某种文化，并且促进观众对于文化的思考和反思，可以说，电影是一种文化的表现形式，这种表现形式与小说、话剧等从本质上来说是没有任何区别的，所以这几种文化表现形式可以互相转换.作为一部由小说改编成的电影，《阿甘正传》有着其深刻的文化意义。
这部电影1994年在美国上映,同时在社会上引起了非常强烈的反响,与其他电影相比，《阿甘正传》有着非常显著的特点，其中最主要的特点就是它是一部“反智”的电影，即主要人物并不是充满传奇色彩的、有非凡智力的、为社会作出过重大贡献的人物,而是一个非常普通，甚至有一点智力问题的人物，这样的人物对于观众来说是非常熟悉的,很容易引起观众的共鸣。
而且由于其励志性和娱乐性，从心理上来说，也是完全契合二战后美国人民的空虚心理的，所以从多方面来说，《阿甘正传》这部影片是一部非常成功的电影，并且在获得极高票房的同时，让观众对于美国的文化和社会进行了深刻的思考。
一、故事梗概在20世纪90年代，由于二战的冲击以及人们在社会生活中的浮躁表现，美国有志之士开始举行反智运动，美国社会当中的反智情绪普遍高涨，这样的情绪基本上影响到了所有人的生活、工作和娱乐,并且影响到了文化层面的各个领域，代表美国电影最高成就的好莱坞自然也不例外。
好莱坞为了迎合美国人民的这种心理,在一段时间内推出了许多贬低现代文明、数码文明和智能化社会的影片，推崇一些低智商的人类以及回归原始社会的影片，这些影片虽然题材不同，但是主要是通过“反智”来表现人类的心理、活动和所带来的社会影响的，所以这种电影被统称为“反智电影"，《阿甘正传》就是20世纪90年代美国“反智电影”的代表作。
《阿甘正传》中呈现的美国文化分析
《阿甘正传》中呈现的美国文化分析作者：赵涛来源：《大观》2014年第09期摘要：电影《阿甘正传》成功塑造了阿甘这一经典形象，电影本身更是荣获1995年奥斯卡6项大奖，在世界影坛中的影响力巨大。
在电影内容和人物角色介绍的基础上，笔者对影片当中呈现出来的美国文化进行了分析。
关键词：《阿甘正传》；人物角色；美国文化；分析《阿甘正传》（英文名：Forrest Gump），是一部根据同名小说改编的美国电影，该电影荣获1995年奥斯卡最佳影片奖、奥斯卡最佳男主角奖、奥斯卡最佳导演奖等6项大奖。
电影情节及其所刻画的人物角色精彩饱满，成为经典，给影迷留下了深刻的印象，影片不仅涵盖了美国自二战之后的重要历史时刻，还呈现出了那个时代的美国文化，体现了美国人当时的思维方式和价值观。
一、《阿甘正传》概述该影片大量采用合成技术，使得影片中的主人公阿甘几乎参与了美国自二战之后发生的所有重大事件，成功的拍摄手段使得电影的可看性大大增强。
阿甘先天智商低下，在学校里为了躲避其他孩子的欺侮，听从朋友珍妮的话而开始“跑”。
他通过不停的奔跑来躲避别人的捉弄，结果却有幸“跑”进了大学，阿甘被破格录取，并成了橄榄球巨星，受到了肯尼迪总统的接见。
大学毕业后，阿甘又应征入伍去了越南。
在那里，他认识了两个朋友：丹中尉和布巴。
这时，珍妮已经堕落，过着放荡的生活。
阿甘一直爱着珍妮，但珍妮却不爱他。
战争结束后，阿甘作为英雄受到了约翰逊总统的接见。
在一次和平集会上，阿甘又遇见了珍妮，两人匆匆相遇却又很快分手。
在接下来的生活中，他告发了水门事件的窃听者，作为美国乒乓球队的一员来到中国，为中美建交立下了功劳。
最后，阿甘通过捕虾成为了一名成功的企业家。
为了纪念在战场死去的布巴，他成立了布巴·甘公司，并把公司的一半股份给了布巴的母亲。
闲下来的日子，他很是思念珍妮，而这时的珍妮早已误入歧途，生活堕落，对未来丧失信心。
终于有一天，珍妮回来了，她和阿甘共同生活了一段日子，一天夜晚，珍妮投入了阿甘的怀抱，之后却又在黎明悄然离去。
从影片《阿甘正传》分析当代美国文化
《阿甘正传》中呈现的美国文化分析作者：赵涛来源：《大观》2014年第09期摘要：电影《阿甘正传》成功塑造了阿甘这一经典形象，电影本身更是荣获1995年奥斯卡6项大奖，在世界影坛中的影响力巨大。
在电影内容和人物角色介绍的基础上，笔者对影片当中呈现出来的美国文化进行了分析。
关键词：《阿甘正传》；人物角色；美国文化；分析《阿甘正传》（英文名：Forrest Gump），是一部根据同名小说改编的美国电影，该电影荣获1995年奥斯卡最佳影片奖、奥斯卡最佳男主角奖、奥斯卡最佳导演奖等6项大奖。
电影情节及其所刻画的人物角色精彩饱满，成为经典，给影迷留下了深刻的印象，影片不仅涵盖了美国自二战之后的重要历史时刻，还呈现出了那个时代的美国文化，体现了美国人当时的思维方式和价值观。
一、《阿甘正传》概述该影片大量采用合成技术，使得影片中的主人公阿甘几乎参与了美国自二战之后发生的所有重大事件，成功的拍摄手段使得电影的可看性大大增强。
阿甘先天智商低下，在学校里为了躲避其他孩子的欺侮，听从朋友珍妮的话而开始“跑”。
他通过不停的奔跑来躲避别人的捉弄，结果却有幸“跑”进了大学，阿甘被破格录取，并成了橄榄球巨星，受到了肯尼迪总统的接见。
大学毕业后，阿甘又应征入伍去了越南。
在那里，他认识了两个朋友：丹中尉和布巴。
这时，珍妮已经堕落，过着放荡的生活。
阿甘一直爱着珍妮，但珍妮却不爱他。
战争结束后，阿甘作为英雄受到了约翰逊总统的接见。
在一次和平集会上，阿甘又遇见了珍妮，两人匆匆相遇却又很快分手。
在接下来的生活中，他告发了水门事件的窃听者，作为美国乒乓球队的一员来到中国，为中美建交立下了功劳。
最后，阿甘通过捕虾成为了一名成功的企业家。
为了纪念在战场死去的布巴，他成立了布巴·甘公司，并把公司的一半股份给了布巴的母亲。
闲下来的日子，他很是思念珍妮，而这时的珍妮早已误入歧途，生活堕落，对未来丧失信心。
终于有一天，珍妮回来了，她和阿甘共同生活了一段日子，一天夜晚，珍妮投入了阿甘的怀抱，之后却又在黎明悄然离去。
电影《阿甘正传》的美国文化解读
电影《阿甘正传》的美国文化解读电影《阿甘正传》的美国文化解读《阿甘正传》是一部深受全球观众喜爱的经典电影，它通过讲述一个智商低下但坚韧不拔、积极向上的主人公阿甘的故事，展现了美国社会文化的方方面面。
在这部电影中，我们可以看到美国社会的多元性、机会平等和社会进步的主题。
首先，这部电影向我们展示了美国的多元性。
《阿甘正传》中的角色来自不同的人群和不同的社会背景。
从阿甘的白人母亲到他的黑人朋友巴巴，从战争英雄贝恩斯中校到阿甘的足球队友索尔，电影中的每个角色都代表了美国社会中不同种族、阶层和背景的一部分。
通过这些角色，电影向观众传达了对多元性的尊重和包容。
其次，电影中关于机会平等的主题是美国文化的核心价值观之一。
阿甘虽然智商低下，但他通过努力、毅力和幸运逐渐实现了自己的成功。
他参军、成为橄榄球明星、成立了盈利丰厚的跑步事业，最终成为了美国历史上最富有的人之一。
电影通过阿甘的故事告诉我们，美国社会是一个充满机会的地方，只要你有努力实现自己梦想的决心，无论你的出身如何，你都有机会获得成功。
此外，电影中的社会进步也是美国文化的重要组成部分。
阿甘的故事发生在20世纪的美国，他经历了种族歧视、越南战争、感染艾滋病等社会问题。
然而，电影也展示了美国社会在这些问题上的进步。
阿甘与巴巴的友谊超越了种族隔阂，他们一起战斗，一起庆祝胜利。
电影中的角色对抗不公正，努力争取平等和自由。
这些细节体现了美国社会进步的历史。
此外，电影还呈现了美国文化中的其他一些特质，如对军队和战争英雄的尊重，对竞争和成功的追求，对家庭和友谊的重视。
所有这些都是构成美国文化的重要元素。
总之，电影《阿甘正传》通过一个智商低下但坚毅不拔的主人公的故事，展示了美国文化的多元性、机会平等和社会进步。
这部电影深入揭示了美国社会和人们的核心价值观，它鼓舞人们相信，只要努力奋斗，无论出身如何，都有机会实现自己的梦想。
这一美国精神在全球范围内产生了巨大的影响，并成为一种激励和启发人们追求成功的力量总而言之，电影《阿甘正传》通过展示一个智商低下但坚毅不拔的主人公的故事，揭示了美国文化的多元性、机会平等和社会进步。
电影_阿甘正传_的美国文化解读
环球纵横/电影文学M O V I E L I T E R A T U R E2009年第15期 电影《阿甘正传》的美国文化解读■熊 薇(绵阳师范学院,四川绵阳 621000)[摘 要] 英文电影《阿甘正传》是一部以轻松形式来表现严肃主题的电影,它不仅对美国观众而且对中国观众产生了深刻的影响。
作为一部“反智电影”,它呼唤美国传统文化价值观的回归,表现出美国“爱、纯真和持之以恒”等主流文化价值观,透过影片中的历史事件不仅可以看出美国社会文化的变迁,而且能够认识到美国文化流动性和扩张性的一面。
[关键词] 英文电影;阿甘正传;美国文化;解读 在人类的发展史上,艺术和人类的生存现实之间一直存在着本质的联系。
艺术是人们在社会实践基础上生产的意识性的产品。
在人的意识领域中,人们总是千方百计地将理想化的现实价值融入意识性的产品之中,使艺术体现出人类现实社会的积极成果和真理性的力量。
因此,优秀的艺术作品,包括经典电影,都是能够反映人类社会普遍承认和接受的价值取向的,都是能够反映意识领域中永恒追求的理想的。
而电影《阿甘正传》就是一部这样的经典的影片。
电影《阿甘正传》1995年获13项奥斯卡奖提名,最终获最佳影片、最佳导演、最佳男主角、最佳改编剧本、最佳剪辑、最佳特技效果6项奥斯卡大奖,1998年被评为美国最伟大的百部电影之一,而且时至今日它也没有像其他影片一样或被打入冷宫销声匿迹,仍然是观众和影评界津津乐道的话题,足以说明它的魅力所在。
电影《阿甘正传》是一部包容广博、意味隽永的影片,有人把它当作爱情片欣赏,有人把它理解为政治片,有人把它视为励志片,也有人说它只是一部轻如鸿毛的娱乐片,总之它就像一盒什锦巧克力,只要用心品尝,每个人都会有不同的感受以及来自不同的诠释角度的心灵震撼。
《阿甘正传》是一部“反智电影”,是对美国历史的调侃式的反思,更是对美国本土文化的全面展示。
借助对这部影片进行的文化解读,有助于读者领悟美国本土文化。
透过《阿甘正传》,浅谈美国文化
从《阿甘正传》看美国文化
从《阿甘正传》看美国文化起首，电影中呈现了美国人对自由的追求和乐观主义精神。
阿甘是一个智力有限但乐观向上的角色。
尽管他遭受了浩繁人生的挫折和不幸，但他始终保持着自由和期望的信念。
这种对自由的追求是美国文化中重要的价值观之一，而乐观主义精神则是美国人乐于接受挑战和信任美妙将来的心态。
其次，本片中还呈现了美国社会的多元文化。
阿甘的友人和伴侣来自不同种族和背景。
他的友人们有黑人、亚洲人、拉丁裔等不同族裔。
这体现了美国作为一个移民国家的特点，不同文化和背景的人们共同生活和交融。
影片还刻画了美国南方村落和大城市的不同风貌，呈现了美国社会的多样性。
第三，电影中的爱国主义情怀也是美国文化中的重要元素之一。
阿甘作为一个平凡人，他对美国国旗和爱国主义有着深深的情感。
他参军入伍，并在越南战争中表现出英勇的行为。
尽管这部电影指责了战争的无谓性和对退伍军人的不公待遇，但它也表达了美国人热忱自己国家和国家荣誉的感情。
此外，电影中还流露出美国社会的竞争和成功观。
阿甘在各种场合下都表现出奋勉向上的精神，并取得了巨大的成功。
他成为了一名优秀的橄榄球运动员、成功的贩子以及备受尊敬的慈善家。
这体现了美国社会重视个人努力和工作效果的文化背景。
最后，电影中对于自由选择的尊重也是美国文化的一部分。
阿甘在生活中做出了浩繁自己认为对的选择，无论是参军入伍，仍是创办波比田园冰淇淋店等等。
电影告知我们，尊重每个人的自由选择是美国社会所提议和重视的核心原则之一。
《阿甘正传》通过阿甘这个角色的生活经历，向观众呈现了美国文化的重要特征。
从自由追求、乐观主义、多元文化、爱国主义到竞争和成功观，电影凸显了美国文化的多样性和丰富性。
它反映了美国社会的价值观和思想观念，也给观众带来了对美国文化的更深度了解。
无论是美国人仍是世界各地的观众，都可以通过《阿甘正传》这部电影了解和沉思美国文化的内涵和特点《阿甘正传》是一部通过主人公阿甘的生活经历呈现了美国文化的重要特征的电影。
从《阿甘正传》看美国的文化
作者： 梁煜
作者机构： 河南教育学院外国语学院
出版物刊名： 戏剧之家
页码： 157-158页
年卷期： 2014年 第9期
主题词：�阿甘正传》 宗教 传统文化 爱情观 回归
摘要：�阿甘正传》是一部脍炙人口的美国著名影片。
它作为一部标准的励志片,不仅重点回顾和总结了美国社会价值观念由于二战的影响而产生的变化和影响,而且还在此基础上对当代美国流行文化和元素进行了适当的批判和重新解释,寄希望于宗教和传统文化来期待美国社会价值裂缝的修补和传统文化的回归。
为了正确理解美国传统文化,本文主要以《阿甘正传》为蓝本,对美国文化的回归进行了合理的剖析和阐释。
电影《阿甘正传》的美国文化解读
作者： 熊薇[1]
作者机构： [1]绵阳师范学院,四川绵阳621000
出版物刊名： 电影文学
页码： 99-100页
主题词： 英文电影;阿甘正传;美国文化;解读
摘要：英文电影《阿甘正传》是一部以轻松形式来表现严肃主题的电影，它不仅对美国观众而且对中国观众产生了深刻的影响。
作为一部“反智电影”，它呼唤美国传统文化价值观的回归，表现出美国“爱、纯真和持之以恒”等主流文化价值观．透过影片中的历史事件不仅可以看出美国社会文化的变迁．而且能够认识到美国文化流动性和扩张性的一面。
从电影《阿甘正传》透视美国文化
众对阿甘母亲的赞叹和感动，也正是母亲的谆谆教导才使
得阿甘养成了善良、诚信、积极向上的性格。其次是阿甘 和布巴等朋友之间的爱。善良的阿甘也一直爱着身边同样 善良的人们。参加越战后，他交到了两个好朋友：热衷捕 虾的巴布和令人敬畏的丹中尉。在一次战斗撤退中，第一
在影片中，阿甘是一个无欲无求的人，无论是跑步，
目标，就会抛弃一切杂念，坚持不懈地完成。他不担心其 他任何事情，也不考虑后果，只管去做，只管坚持，保持 一颗平常的心，没有任何顾虑，专注于做事的过程。在现
承诺的惟一方式，购买了捕虾船，并“傻人有傻福”，最终
在战争中失去双腿的丹中尉的帮助下取得了成功。最后就 是阿甘和珍妮男女之间的爱。他的爱情是真挚而永恒的。 尽管阿甘是个智障者，但他相信爱情，并自始至终深爱着 珍妮，不管珍妮变成了什么样子，他都希望她是快乐的， 并始终不离不弃。这些在无形中阐释了美国人对爱情的执 著，感人至深。影片中，阿甘有一句台词：“Ｉ＇ｍ
ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ｔｈａｎ ａｎｙｂｏｄｙ ｅｌｓｅ
ｉｓ．”（你和别人没有什么不一
样的。）这句台词使学习者认识到阿甘妈妈始终让阿甘充满 信心，从而也真实地体现出了美国草根民众的价值观：每 个人都具有和别人同等的价值，没有一个人生来是比别人 高贵的，每个人都必须自我奋斗，不断进取，才能获得成 功。美国是个移民国家，许多人来到这里就是因为在自己 的国家遭到了不平等的待遇，他们深信，在美国这片土地 上。不管你是黑种人还是白种人，聪明的还是阿甘这样的。 只要勤奋努力。积极进取，就能达成自己的梦想，取得成
富豪，美国的普通民众也热衷于捐赠，据统计，７５％的美
国人为慈善事业捐款，２０１０年，美国人的慈善捐助达到了 ２９１０亿美元。美国人普遍愿意捐赠，乐于行善，与他们的 文化传统也有非常大关系。在他们看来，乐善好施并不是
解读电影《阿甘正传》与美国文化
摘要：�阿甘正传》一书的作者是温斯顿·格卢姆，该书被改编为电影，于1994 年上映，并 获得1995年奥斯卡最佳影片奖，被评为20世纪最伟大的百部电影之一。电影《阿甘正传》主要 是围绕主人公阿甘展开的，讲述了阿甘这个小人物一生的历程，从他小时候被检测出只有75的 智商，到独自经历了美国战后的风雨历程，最终成长为捕虾业的大亨。向人们展示了“美国 梦”和美国的文化，使阿甘这一银幕形象深深刻在人们的脑海中，阿甘坚持不懈的精神带给人 们希望和乐观，让我们看到了一个普通入的生命奇迹。
Hale Waihona Puke
从《阿甘正传》透视美国传统文化价值观念
远影响 。在喧 嚣 和混 乱 的年 代 ， 传 统价 值观 念 被怀 疑 被嘲 弄， 之后 的 ８ ０ 、 ９ ０年代 ， 人们重 回理智 和冷静 ， 对传统 Байду номын сангаас化价 值观念 的渴 盼重新 成为 了社会主流思潮。
１ 个 人主 义英雄观 独 自一人 在天地之问行走 ， 独 自面对挑战 和困境的牛仔 精神一直为美 国人 民所推 崇 和钟爱 。在 ６ ０年 代 ， 垮掉 的一
英雄 。影片获得 了 巨大 的成 功 ， 获得 了第 ６ ７届 奥 斯 卡 的 ６ 项大奖 。有 人 认 为它 是 冷 战后 出现 在美 国 的“ 反 智 电影 ”
（ 好莱坞推 出的一批 贬低 现代 文 明、 崇 尚低智 商 和 回归原始 的影片 ） … 的代表作 品 ， 通 过小 人物 的经历 对美 国的政 治 和
樊 慧
（ 河 南省黄淮学 院 ， 河南 驻马店 ４ ６ ３ ０ ０ ０ ） 摘 要： 《 阿甘正传》 ， １ ９ ９ ５年 第 ６ ７届奥斯卡 六项大奖 的获奖影 片 ， 已升华 为一种 文化现 象。这部 电影带领观
众重 温 了上世 纪 ６ ０年代开始 的三十年美 国历 史， 同时在信念缺 乏甚 至丧失 的时代 ， 借 助对平 民英雄 形 象的塑造发
地受到 了影响 。《 阿甘正 传》 事 实上 是带有 喜剧 和荒诞 色彩 的一部讽刺小说 ， 然而 １ ９ ９ ４年 出现在荧 幕 上 的《 阿甘正 传》
较之小说却更 为温情 ， 电影 中的主人公也被 打造成 为一位 忠
诚、 正直、 诚实 、 富有 而慷慨 、 生 活简 单却有 执着 信念 的平 民
２ ０ １ ４年 ５月 第２ ７卷第 ３期
透过电影《阿甘正传》解读美国社会与文化
作者： 李红梅[1]
作者机构： [1]集宁师范学院,内蒙古乌兰察布012000
出版物刊名： 电影文学
页码： 97-98页
年卷期： 2011年 第21期
主题词：�阿甘正传》;圣愚;阿甘哲学;“无为”美国神话
摘要：本文主要从三个方面对电影《阿甘正传》进行评析,提出圣愚现象在西方文化中有其独特的社会文化内涵;影片中揭示出的＂阿甘哲学＂类似于中国传统道家学说中的＂无为＂,并且指出阿甘的哲学是一种难以言说的哲学;阿甘不仅代表美国,还代表着某种美国理想。
影片提振了一代人,是美国神话的重塑。
电影《阿甘正传》折射出的美国文化
作者： 段珂
作者机构： 河南机电高等专科学校,河南新乡453000
出版物刊名： 电影文学
页码： 80-81页
年卷期： 2014年 第24期
主题词： 阿甘;神话;美国精神
摘要：电影《阿甘正传》不仅给美国当地带来了3亿票房的高收入,还在全世界范围内形成了票房6.57亿的神话,最终获得了奥斯卡奖的最高荣誉。
而这部电影的主人公阿甘,他将许多神话式的生活经历、严肃的社会背景、普通人的理想与现实进行了完美融合,让人们产生一种被希望与乐观包围的感觉,更重要的是,这部电影已经折射出了当代美国人的思想和文化意识,已经完美地呈现出一种人生观以及社会互动的情景,并且深深地吸引人们去追寻电影背后更加深沉的文化元素。
美国文化在《阿甘正传》中的体现
I. IntroductionWinston Groom is a famous American writer. In 1986, he writes Forrest Gump, however, it doesn’t make Groom famous until it is adapted into a film with the same name in 1994. It is the film that drives the novel to the best-seller position and it is sold 1.7million copies worldwide. It makes Winston Groom’s name be associated with the award-winning film Forrest Gump. The movie gains over ＄657 million worldwide, gathering six Academy Awards, such as best picture, best director, and best actor, etc. It is the actor Tom Hanks that brings Forrest Gump to eternal life, and Forrest Gump’s assertion that “life is like a box of chocolate, you never know what you are going to get”(Groom, 2010:20) becomes part of the American language. What’s more, Forrest Gump is so popular that Winston Groom has to write two guidebooks to help people understand the novel. Forrest Gump phenomenon begins to spring up in the country, Forrest Gump hats and T-shirts are popular in the country. In the enthusiasm of the film, the fact that Groom is a famous fiction and non-fiction writer is somewhat overshadowed.About Forrest Gump, Xue Yuemin and Guo Jian’s The Charms of Forrest Gump explores that in what way Forrest Gump goes along with so man y people’s mind and wins the admiration of the public from esthetic value; Ji Tingting and Yin Lu’s The American Dream out of Forrest Gump(2011) illustrates the American Dream by analyzing the qualities and characteristics of Gump; Zhu Meihong and Liu Lihong’s Analysis of Black Humor in the Movie Forrest Gump From Rhetorical Perspective list a series of rhetorical methods such as simile, metaphor, irony and hyperbole and it also explains how the black humor affects with a lot of examples; Liu Yuxia, Li Meng and Zhou Min’s Cultural Contradiction—A Brief Analysis of Jenny: Symbol of a Cultural Rebellion in Forrest Gump(2012); Zu Wanhui’s The Analysis of Religious Culture in Forrest Gump(2012); Yang Li’s The Masculine Ideology in Forrest Gump(2010) illustrates the cultural phenomenon that women are predominated by men by using the examples of Mrs. Forrest and Jenny; Chen Jing’s On American Culture From Forrest Gump(2010) States the historythat happens in the background of the second half 20th century in America to arouse a deep thinking for the past and the American Dream which is cherished by every American people, from this people can see the footstep of the development of American culture and the core of American culture; Wu Wenting’s The Lonely Runner(2009) refers to all aspects of America’s politics, economics, culture and history, it hints a lot of philosophy of life; Yan Hui’s Forrest Gump and American Dream points out the resource of American Dream and its effect on people including Jenny, Forrest Gump and Lieutenant Dan, it also expresses the call of American Dream; Li Nan’s A Breeze from the Chaos — An Analysis of the Film Forrest Gump (2012) reflects the negative poits of the popular culture and the positive points of the traditional culture; Liu Yang’s Looking For the lost hero(2004)tells about a story about a common character whose name is Forrest Gump, although he is common, he has played and experienced a significant role in the events of that time. He is a typical American hero and still has an influence to today’s Americans; Li Peng’s The Return of Social Value in Forrest Gump(2009) criticizes the popular culture and tries to heal the schism of social value and praised a return of value which bases on the traditional and religious conservational value; Zhang Jing’s The Analysis of American Culture in the Anti-intellectual Movie Forrest Gump calls for the return of American traditional culture and shows the spirit of love, purity and perseverance which are the best explanations to American Dream, it also embodies the change of American culture and the liquidity and expansionary of American culture; Li Hongmei’s On the Reflection of American culture and society in Forrest Gump analyzes three aspects including the holy fool phenomenon, Forrest Gump philosophy and the symbolism of Forrest Gump.It is well known that every country has its own culture. Edward says that “Culture hides much more than it reveals and strangely enough what it hides, it hides most effect ively from its own participants”(Datesman, 2006:1). This essay intends to expose American culture in Forrest Gump. America is an immigrant country who brings different languages and different cultures to the Unites States, so America is a nation of cultural diversity. Forrest Gump is an inclusive and extensive novel, which has many implications that need readers to taste. It is like a box of assorted chocolates, as long as the readers have the intentions to taste, everyone will have a different understanding of it. In the novelthere are so many deep meanings hidden behind the simple events that have taken place in those years that one can get a fully understanding by reading it once only. It is worthy of repeated reading. Some deeper meanings can be understood by reading over and over again. It tells a life experience of an intellectual impaired man: Forrest Gump, whose IQ is only 75, much lower than the normal, his successful experience of becoming wealthy through his hard work and luck. Besides, the events that happen in the novel are all typical and significant ones in those times, such as the civil rights movement, the Vietnam War, anti-war movement, anti-racialism and the turning of American presidents, they form the centre of American culture. This thesis aims to analyze the reflection of American culture in Forrest Gump from three aspects: religious culture, popular culture, traditional culture.II. Reflection of Religious Culture in Forrest GumpReligious culture has an irreplaceable position in American life. Most of Americans believe in Christian. God has a very important position in their heart. They use “oh, my God” to express surprise and use “God bless you” to express blessing. The y also print “In God We Trust” in the American dollar to express national belief and even in Presidential Inaugural Address, the president needs to put his hands in Biblical. In Forrest Gump, religious culture also has an important part in the three main characters: Forrest Gump, Jenny and Lieutenant Dan. This part intends to analyze the reflection of religious culture in Gump, the impact of religious culture to Jenny and the attitude change towards religious culture of Lieutenant Dan.2.1 The Similarity of Forrest Gump and JesusIn some ways, Forrest Gump and Jesus are alike. First, their family backgrounds are alike. Forrest Gump comes from a single-parent family and is reared by his mother while his father never occurs in the novel. Similarly, Jesus, according to Biblical, is born in the primitive lodgings of an animal stable. His mother Mary is said to be pregnancy when she is a virgin. She feels very strange until one day an angel comes and tells her that this child is made by the power of Holy Spirit and he is to save the world. She must give birth to thisbaby and name him Jesus, so Jesus is the son of God. He has not the real father in the human world.Second, they all run in the way. Forrest Gump is unlucky when he is a child. There is something wrong with his legs and he has to use the braces to walk and Jenny is his only friend. Every time when Forrest Gump is bullied by other boys, Jenny always tells him to run, just run. With Jenny’s encouragement, he runs away from bullies, runs to high school, runs to the football team of university and runs out of dangers in the Vietnam War. It seems that he is running all his life and never stops. Similarly, Jesus devotes all his life to preaching and has n’t a stable profession, he and his followers are running and preaching everywhere and never stop.Third, they have the similar life ending. Forrest Gump’s son has the same name with him, little Forrest Gump’s first time to take the school bus to school almost reoccurs the scene of the beginning of the novel. It is easily to make people realize the scene of Forrest Gump’s first time to take the school bus. More dramatically, the driver is exactly the same woman. These details may point out that Forrest Gump’s life is continuing in this way. Similarly, Jesus is continuing his life in the heaven. Their life endings coincide with each other.2.2 The Symbol of an Angel of JennyJenny is as pure as an angel. The most impressive plot of Jenny is the first meeting on the school bus with Forrest Gump. When other children all look down upon him as he is an “idiot” and don’t want to sit together with him, it is Jenny that helps him. Forrest Gump says:I, I…don’t recall what I got for my first Christmas and I don’t know whenI went on my first outdoor picnic. But, I do remember the first time Iheard the sweetest voice…in the world. I had never seen anything sobeautiful in my life. She was like an angel. (ibid: 268)This is the kind and naïve girl who never looks down upon Forrest Gump because he is an idiot. It is the very beginning of their friendship and the love between them. What’s more, no one can forget Jenny’s pious pray in the corn field. “Ma ke me a bird, so I can fly far, far, far from here” (ibid: 142).She is Forrest Gump’s angel. When Gump is bullied and teased by other boys intheir childhood, Jenny always shouts anxiously that run, Forrest, run! Even before Forrest is sent to Vietnam, Jenny sa ys: “listen, you promise me something, ok? Just if you’re ever in trouble, don’t try to be brave, you just run, ok? Just run away” (ibid: 204). From a little girl to a lady, Jenny keeps on telling Forrest to bear this in mind and it really works. With this faith, he runs away from the bully; with this faith, he becomes a famous football player in America; with this faith, he rescues his comrade-in-arms from battlefield; with this faith, he becomes the runner who is followed by a lot of fans. It is the simple principle of life —just struggles for life without any reason. It is Jenny’s call that made Forrest Gump’s life bec omes more and more flat.Her wedding gown is an image of an angel. The more obvious expression of an angel image is in the wedding ceremony. Jenny’s wedding gown is not the common wedding dress people often see, but she dresses an ancient Greek style one. Jenny wears a wreath of flowers and a beige gown with bare feet. She is just a symbol of an angel.2.3 The Representation of Salvation of Lieutenant DanHe is doubtful about God in the war. Lieutenant Dan is an important role in the novel. He comes from a family with a military background, so he thinks it is proud to die in the battlefield. However, in a war, he and his soldiers are attacked by their enemy, and they are defeated. He is saved by Forrest Gump but he is badly wounded and his legs are amputated. He feels very pain in body and mind. He blames Gump that he should not save him, he would like to die in the battlefield rather than live relays on government relief. After that he abandons himself to vice and lives meaninglessly. He drinks wine everyday, gives up himself and refuses the salvation of God. At that time he stands against with God.He gradually tries to believe in God when shrimping. When Forrest Gump sees him again, Forrest Gump moves him with his actions. He joins Gump in shrimping, he is touched by Forrest Gump’s loyalty and changes himself, and Forrest Gump becomes his savior. In the beginning, they harvest nothing, so Lieutenant Dan suggests that maybe they should go to pray in church. From then on, Forrest Gump often goes to church to pray, sometimes Lieutenant Dan goes with Forrest Gump though he is just drinking in the back row. However, from these things people can see his attitude towards God has changed. Atthat time, he is gradually trying to believe in God.He makes peace with God after the storm. In a storm, other boats are all broken. Luckily, their boat survives from this big storm and their business booms. He helps Forrest Gump build the Bubba Gump shrimp company which is published in the famous Fortune magazine. Form then on, Dan has a new understanding since he gets the care of God. Dan begins to come out from the old day and enjoys the gift given by God. His absolutely attitude change towards God happens in the ship when he jumps into water and swims in the water freely which is just like the ceremony that the believers of religion jump into water for baptism. In Fo rrest Gump’s wedding, Dan has prosthetic legs to stand up by himself and has an Asian fiancé. From that the readers can see that he has been walked out of the scare of war and can accept a new self. At that time, he has been believed in God.Ⅲ. Reflection of Popular Culture in Forrest GumpFrom 1940th to 1980th is the most turbulent age in the American history. In that time, the turning of the political presidents, the political assassination and the White House scandal happen constantly. The popular culture movement occurs in the 1960th and 1970th. It includes the anti-war movement, anti-racial movement and hippies movement. The body of this movement is called “the beat generation”. In the novel, Jenny is a representative of this movement. She represents all the rebellious spirit of the age: drugs, wander, promiscuity and parades.Wide Spread of Anti-war SpiritMartin Luther King Jr argues: “If America’s soul became totally poisoned, part of the autopsy must read Vietnam”(Datesman, 2006: 64). The Vietnam War has played an important role in American history and has left a scare on people’s hearts. The presenting effect has been made in politics, policies, and ideology. The anti-war spirit can be reflected in several aspects including rock music and movie. Rock music as the core of youth culture witnesses the growth of a generation totally different from their parents. It plays a significant role in the anti-war movement and a platform of expression. In the novel, thereis a plot that a young musician rents in Forrest Gump’s home and learn s the hip twist movement from Forrest’s disease leg. Then Forrest Gump sees him in the TV who is just Elvis Presley, the king of rock music. He opens the river of popular music and the hip twist movement is his facia action; movies as a potent tool to convey messages have been used by many conscious directors to show their remorse and reflection of Vietnam War.Professional army is an expression of the Vietnam War. In the novel, Lieutenant Dan comes from an army family. His ancestors die in the battlefields of Independent War, Civil War, World WarⅠ and World WarⅡ. He thinks it is an honor to die in the war. When he is wounded in the Vietnam War, he thinks it is shameful not to die in the war. The he gives up himself and drinks everyday; he thinks his life is meaningless and he is abandoned by God. From these we can see it is difficult to turn from war to peaceful life and turn their value concept. It reflects the nightmare war from the point of sacrifice.The anti-war rally is to end violence in Vietnam War. When Forrest Gump returns from the Vietnam War and is rewarded the honor of hero by the president. He sees a group of people holding the anti-war rally and is invited to say something about the Vietnam War. We could see people’s eager ness for peace.3.2 Prosperity of Hippies MovementThe Hippies Movement is flourished from 1960 to 1970 when the people don’t follow the teaching of their elders and reject them for an alternative culture which is their own. The Hippies movement which is boomed in San Francis, California and spreads across the United State, through Canada, and then into some areas of Europe. But it has its greatest influence in America. On the one hand, they listen to folk music, wear strange clothes or even no clothes at all, drink beer or smoke plot and make love together. One of the obvious symbols of the Hippies movement is the immoderate use of illegal drugs including LSD which is thought something that can makes you touch with your surroundings. However, sometimes when people take the bad LSD, they would do anything they like to do and never come back aga in. On the other hand, hippies’ easygoing attitudes and gaming lifestyles are put away when the topic of politics comes up. Politics plays a significant position in the incitement for their existence. Having the strongestfeeling towards Vietnam War, hippies make their belief known to the world. They do this with a lot of actions such as musical shows, rock songs and peaceful sit-ins. But none of these action arouses attention expect their protests and rallies. The hippies are aware that it is the war that makes thousands of soldiers are dying. They want their troops to come back home and to end the wars that the United States are involved. As the years of the Vietnam War, hundreds of anti-war rallies are held.In the novel, Jenny is a typical tragedy of this movement. She is a beautiful and naïve girl who has enthusiasm to realize her dream. She is full of confident and hopes to become an actress. In her way to achieve success she goes wrong, she joins the hippies. She led a recluse live as other hippies do. When Forrest Gump first meets Jenny when he comes back from the Vietnam War, what she wears is the typical hippies’ style—wears her hair long, the long coat and the strange decorations. At that time her boyfriend Wesley is the local committee president of Berkeley where is just the origin of the counter-culture. What’s more, illusion has become a necessary need for hippies’ spirit; drugs at that time have become a weapon for confrontation. For those young people who are suppressed and felt depressed by the current situation, drug brings spiritual journey for the feelings and hallucination, which is surely a great temptation to them. In Forrest Gump, at the lead of her boyfriend, Jenny takes the bad LSD which makes her produce a sense of hallucination that nearly jumps from the high building. At last, she has AIDS and dies in the arm of Forrest Gump. She spends her whole life trying to be independent but it is doomed to be a failure.3.3 Expansion of Anti-racial DiscriminationRacial discrimination is a great issue in the history of America. What alludes to the racial discrimination is a political move that emerges in the Southern states. Many of the white voters in the south are farmers and oppose to the black man for racial reasons, and also because they object to the possibility of their vote being employed against them. In order to stop the black from voting, Southern Democrats take violence actions. The white supremacist group Ku Klux Klan terrorizes black political leaders in order to protest the power base of the Republican Party. Many blacks are killed for attempting to exercisetheir rights to vote, for taking part in the political organizations and for attempting to go to school. Besides racialism is also affected by the theory of Social Darwinism, which broadly asserts that because of a natural competition among humans and the theory of “the survival of the fittest”, the white man not only should but deserve to retain political and economical power.In the novel, there are a lot of details that indicate the anti-racial spirit. First, at the beginning of the novel, the author explains the origin of Forrest Gump’s name which comes from the leader of the Ku Klux Klan. It is used to remind of authors the history of the racialism and expose the introspection of the racialism. Second, the hometown of Forrest Gump is Alabama where there isn’t any famous history but the rampant racialism. In 1955, there breaks out a fierce civil war movement that boycotts the bus discrimination in Montgomery of Alabama, and King comes to the stage. In 1963, the governor of Alabama intends to prevent two black students from entering the school and declare that he would never give up in the problem of racialism in the educational aspect. However, only after several months, the Alabama University is forced to eliminate the racialism, three black students enter school symbolically. Third, when Forrest Gump first goes to the Vietnam War, the author is intentionally mistaken the Alabama and the Arkansas to make Forrest Gump refer to the Little Rock Center High school where there happens the events of racial conflict.In the novel, anther thing that indicates anti-racialism is the friendship between Forrest Gump and Bubba. Bubba is an African American and he comes from a family who cook shrimp for the white from generation to generation, he is quite familiar with shrimp business. He wants to buy a shrimp boat after he returning home from the Vietnam War. Forrest Gump promises to work with him when they go out of the war. However, in a war, their army is attacked by their enemy. Forrest Gump tries his best to save Bubba regardless of the danger, but Bubba still dies. After Gump goes out of the Vietnam War, he goes to Bubba’s hometown to achieve Bubba’s dream. From that the readers can see although Bubba is a black person, Forrest Gump doesn’t look down upon him and becomes his best friend. When Forrest Gump gets a plenty of money from shrimping, he gives a lot of money to Bubba’s mot her who has been cooking shrimp for the Whitepeople all her life. Ironically, when his mother gets the money, she hires a white woman to cook shrimp for her. From that the readers can see the author’s attitude towards the racialism.IV. Reflection of Traditional Culture in Forrest GumpTraditional culture has a significant position for Americans. It is important for America’s life. It includes truth, kindness, loyalty and persistence. As the development of the society, people face the temptation of wealthy. They devote themselves to being success and wealthy and abandon the traditional value. In this time, Forrest Gump occurs. He represents all the traditional value. He is faithful to love, loyal to friends and persistent to everything. He becomes successful through his hard-working and his love for life. He becomes a hero which everyone can touch. It calls people to go back to the traditional culture.4.1 The Return of Individual HeroismForrest Gump is a common person who lives a common life and has the common soul. Though he has done some unusual things, it is a natural action under the common and pure thought without the utility value. All of Gump’s action comes from the common and returns to the common. However, just this common people’s fate connects with the thirty years’ subversion of that duri ng the postwar period. It shows a real common hero’s image. Why is this kind of comedy that seems nothing but an “idiot” accepted by the American people? It is because he is the embodiment of a certain kind of American ideal including his purity and simplicity to friends, his innocence to utilitarianism and his positive attitude to life.From the literary view, though Forrest Gump is a flat character, he has a philosophy of superman. Though he is a common spectator, he participates in every historical event and acts as an important role. Though he doesn’t appear as a stature of hero, he is a real hero and a new hero image that fit for the development and the need of the modern society. He has been congratulated by the presidents for several times. However, every time hedoes some ridiculous things which make others laugh. It symbolizes that people’s indifference to the power and sarcasm to the worship of the traditional power. He is honored with the Congressional Medal of Honor as his outstanding performance in the Vietnam War. However, he doesn’t know the significant meaning of this Medal but as a reward of his brave behavior of saving people, he even wears this Medal to participate in the anti-war rally in the Washington Monument which is a great irony to that turbulent time. His thought is simple and he is always repeating and trying to understand his mother’s words “life is like a box of chocolate, you never know what you are going to get” (ibid: 20). Even if he wants to do something, he would insist in doing it, whatever it would be impossible for him to become a hero in the eye of common customs. Human’s most healthy and holy spirit is to defeat the weakness of human beings and surpass the value of life. Almost all works are expected to create a wonderful person to be an example of human beings. However, it is impossible just as most people are common people and most things are common things in the world. Only the common things happen in the common life can touch the deepest part of people. So Forrest Gump is a real hero, he is vivid and substantial. The readers can feel and touch him because he is around us. Everyone can become Forrest Gump if he would do as he does.From him one can see persistence, bravery, purity, kindness and loyalty are just what people in that time lack. Forrest does things in the way which seems silly at that time. However, just his persistence, sincerity, purity and love for life makes him succeed. It tells people that everyone can become a hero if he would return to the traditional value. It is a call for individual heroism.4.2 The Expression of American DreamWhat is American dream? It is a belief that everyone can succeed if he is hardworking and lucky enough no matter who he is and where he comes. It also indicts everyone has the equal chance to compete with others and the possibility to create miracles. Forrest Gump is just that person. He is unlucky when he is a child with a lower IQ and the diseased legs. Usually people think this kind of person can’t be successful in any way. However, just this unlucky person has made lots of life miracles. He is a footballstar, a war hero, an excellent ping-pong player and later a millionaire. Forrest Gump is a so common person that everyone can be him, but he is also a so uncommon person that he stands for the American dream which is the core of American spirit.The American Dream in Forrest Gump reflects in four aspects: equal opportunity, self-reliance, simplicity and optimistic attitude towards life. The first aspect of American dream in Forrest Gump is equal opportunity for everyone. Equality is one of the most important human rights for Americans. As Thomas Jefferson writes in The Declaration of Independence “we hold this truth to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by the ir creator inalienable rights…” (Alexis, 1945:23). In Forrest Gump the equality is reflected from the success of Gump, who is an “idiot”, born in a common family and had an ordinary life. However, he is not abandoned by God— he has all the valuable characters of the traditional culture such as honesty, loyalty, sincerity and perseverance which make him can equally compete with others. The second aspect of American dream in Forrest Gump is self-reliance. Even though he is a disabled person who has a lower IQ, he doesn’t live on others but on himself. Though he is not smart, it doesn’t prevent him from doing what he wants: he expresses his love to Jenny loudly, he builds friendship with Bubba and he runs across America. The third aspect of America dream in Forrest Gump is simplicity. Of course, simplicity doesn’t mean stupid. Forrest Gump has his own rules about life and lives simply. He loves who he wants to love, he helps who is in need and he does what he wants. All his successes are connected with his simplicity. In this simple man’s mind, there is no betrayal, so he can love others without weighing the pros and the cons. The fourth aspect of American Dream in Forrest Gump is his optimistic attitude towards life. “Life is like a box of chocolates, you neve r know what you’re going to get” (ibid: 20) is his life principle. He never worries about what the life is going to be but pay all his attentions to enjoy the present day. He lives happily with his optimistic attitude towards life, his loyalty to friends, his faithfulness to love and his thankfulness to fate.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
从《阿甘正传》透视美国文化文化作为一国实力的象征，开始越来越受到更多国家的关注，尤其是像我国这样正处于发展上升起的崛起大国，于是软实力开始进入我国公众的视野。
但是令人感到不安的是，国人至少很大部分青年并未意识到属于文化分支的影视文化对国人思想的影响。
无疑美国作为世界头号强国在这方面做得十分出色。
一部《阿甘正传》可以反映美国很长一段历史，折射出美国人的心理，尤其是文化。
中国现代文学史上的巨擘鲁迅曾以他的《阿Ｑ正传》对传统中国“国民性”的深刻反思为现代中国竖立起了一块文化经典的丰碑。
《阿甘正传》能够被称为当代美国文化经典的原因之一，也正在于它对当代美国历史意味深长的回顾和反思。
当阿甘飞奔着穿过抗议种族歧视的校园，穿过越南的丛林，跨过中美隔绝的屏障，当他在白宫的客厅中与肯尼迪握手，当他在演播室里与列农并肩而坐，当他“洞穿”了尼克松的“水门”以及当他从东向西几乎跑遍全美之时，他不仅在跑过一部长达３０多年的美国当代的历史，也在代表着一代美国人对他们所走过那一段难忘的历史进行着反思。
一片羽毛，在风中飘曳，它划过汽车，落到某人肩头，最后停在阿甘的脚下，被他夹进书里。
“跑，福雷斯，快跑！”这句话可以说是解释了整个影片，阿甘确实在不停地跑，跑过孩子的追赶，跑过橄榄球，跑过死亡，跑过全美国。
可以说跑是阿甘所能做的最拿手的事。
上帝给了一个孩子75的智商同时也给了他一双好腿。
跑给他带来的巨大的荣誉，战争英雄，明星球员。
跑着前进是一种精神，面对命运，他从没担心过自己的智商只有75，他所做的，所关注的，只是做他能做到的最好的事。
披着白袍的三K党，拉开了阿甘的历史之旅。
第一个向我们走来的时代人物是猫王，留着长鬓角弹着吉他的猫王，阿甘从那里学来了独到的舞步。
在街边的电视里，伴随着猎狗这首猫王的经典歌曲，猫王肆无忌惮的扭摆着自己的屁股，这是那个时代最过分的举动，也是猫王的招牌动作，然而阿甘却偷偷学习，即便是儿童不宜。
这应该是1956年前后的事，战后成长起来的美国一代，开始了他们思想的解冻，迷茫也拉开帷幕，传统开始颠覆。
有一天，阿甘丢掉了自己腿上的赘物，越来越快的奔跑，于是，美国进入了汽车普及的时代。
假若阿甘不是具有奔跑的天赋，恐怕美国的汽车文明还要推后，当然他也进不了大学，那样美国的历史恐怕也要做些更改。
大学里阿甘最先经历的就是黑人的解放运动，黑人要进入大学同白人一块读书，那个似乎厌恶棕熊的州长成为了影片中第一个死于枪下的与总统有关的人物。
随后阿甘随球队进入白宫，有幸见到了深受美国人爱戴的总统肯尼迪。
注意阿甘走进厕所小便时看到的梦露照片，肯尼迪的黑市夫人。
据说和肯尼迪的弟弟也有染。
曾经被其赶下床的梦露，同样是个苦命的人，落得个红颜薄命。
1964年，肯尼迪总统被刺，这在美国人的心里蒙上了一层浓厚的阴影。
同时，也揭开了人类流行文化的新篇章，从此摇滚乐登上大雅之堂。
大学毕业，阿甘奔赴越南战场。
这是场令美国历史格外出彩的战争，激发了美国社会的一场浩大的革命。
反战运动伴随着嬉皮士与性泛滥充斥美国社会，引发了美国乃至西方各国家的思想解放浪潮，当然，中国的文化大革命是个例外，虽然同时发生，同样属于思想意识范畴的革命。
性泛滥是嬉皮士的专利，与性解放并不一定等同。
看过影片的一定记得阿甘返回美国后在纽约街头遇到了珍妮，她正掺杂在黑豹党中，他们要去旧金山的伯克利。
性解放的思潮记得源自法兰克福学派的马尔库兹，一个在弗洛伊德的基础上主张通过解放性来升华的家伙，不想自己的言论成为一场文化运动的先导。
当时的法兰克福学派在美国有两个研究中心，一个是哥伦比亚大学，另一个就是旧金山的加州大学伯克利分校。
但是当革命到来时，哥伦比亚大学的学子喜欢看热闹，而伯克利却是真刀真枪，旧金山成为了嬉皮士的据点，大家是不是注意到电影中的一个场景，珍妮在街头演唱，一个长发的年轻人跑过来问，要不要去旧金山？随之响起那首经典的嬉皮运动歌曲《going to sanfrancisco》，听到这首歌可以让人有流泪的冲动，那是青年时代追逐自由的乐章。
嬉皮士，成就了美国6、70年代的历史，他们的自暴自弃、吸毒滥交换得人们的反思。
当年的嬉皮士大多最终还是成为了中产阶级，融入了西方的主流社会，最典型的就是英国的首相布莱尔，曾经迷恋beatles的嬉皮士，至少他自己这样承认。
中美乒乓外交，美国人被淹没在红色的海洋之中。
阿甘的中国之旅结束了世界两大国之间的冷战，而成就这一历史转折的尼克松，却因阿甘的无意之举毁于水门事件。
接下来这样一段场景出现了，阿甘同约翰·列侬一道出现的一档访谈节目中。
当阿甘谈起中国时，列侬在一旁说，没有财产？没有宗教？只要你肯试着想象。
这是列侬的《想象》中的歌词，简单的几句话道出了最简单的和平、平等的真理，道出了解除战争与争端的根源。
列侬与猫王同样死于非命，不同的是，猫王死于糜烂生活导致的心脏衰竭，而列侬死于疯狂歌迷的枪下。
列侬当时卷在潮流的漩涡之中，曾经将自己的长发剪下卖掉募捐给黑豹党。
这个片断也许是导演向列侬的唯一致敬吧。
接下来，丹中尉出场了。
他代表了越战后老兵遗留给美国的社会问题，失业，伤残、精神崩溃。
在越南战争中，阿甘救出了丹中尉，可是他双腿中弹，成了一个没腿的怪物。
他怨恨阿甘，因为他觉得自己应该带着荣誉死去，而不是苟延残喘。
嗜酒，嫖妓便成了他麻痹自己生活的方式。
其实在丹中尉的心里，他想改变自己糟糕的状况，不想被人骂作废物。
当他的妓女朋友骂阿甘是傻瓜的时候，他发怒了，但从那句：“阿甘，新年快乐”中，我们也能能体会到他深深地无奈。
就在这个时候，丹中尉与阿甘一起捕虾，最后他们幸运的躲过风暴，发了大财。
就在这时，丹中尉对阿甘说：“这么长时间以来我一直没有对你说一声谢谢。
”可以看出，正是因为阿甘，使得丹中尉学会了面对自己，他从阿甘那里学来的使他能够微笑着面对上帝，从容地在大海中游泳。
当他感激阿甘时，道出了时代的声音，越战的阴影似乎终于可以从美国的上空挥去。
最后，历史尘埃落定。
阿甘有了儿子，他的儿子将有崭新的生活，一切都不会重演。
珍妮，阿甘生命中重要的女人，始终象是只试图摆脱命运牢笼的小鸟，从被父亲性骚扰虐待开始。
她的出现，让阿甘的生命真正开始，他开始意识到生命的美好，这美好伴随了他的一生，他从未怀疑过。
而珍妮，似乎用牺牲了自己一生的代价来经历那一时期的美国。
虽然有理想，却止步现实。
面对生活的残酷她不得不去酒吧当一名脱衣歌手，卖弄的是肉体而不是歌声。
越南战争期间，嬉皮士运动兴起，珍妮无疑可以说是他们的一个代表。
低头屈服，甘心堕落，同时自己也鄙视自己，就像她打算自杀时，从阳台上下来失声痛哭一样，这么做又能怎么样呢，她还是需要活着。
珍妮与阿甘之间的爱情，也注定是悲剧的。
虽然影片后半部分阿甘与珍妮度过了一段美好时光，这是悲痛的种子。
珍妮与阿甘并排坐在湖边，阿甘说这是他一生中最美好的时光，就在这个时候，美丽的烟火出现了。
烟火的美转瞬即逝，预示着珍妮与阿甘如同烟火一样的幸福。
嬉皮士运动过去之后，珍妮选择回到了阿甘的身边，他们一起漫步到珍妮以前与父亲居住的老房子面前，她忍不住的大声喊道：“你怎么能够这样！”其实更多的不是愤怒，而是对于命运的残酷，和现实的无奈的呐喊，她质问上帝为什么给她这样的一个人生，珍妮用石头发泄心中的愤怒，最后无力的倒在地上哭泣。
最后只留下阿甘在她的墓前对她说：“我失去了一生中最好的朋友。
”珍妮的墓碑下埋葬了一个时代。
阿甘在向一个过去的时代告别，也在每一个今天的美国观众内心中唤起着对于充满美好、纯洁生活的渴望。
阿甘的人生，有一半是他母亲缔造的，而另一半是阿甘自己创造出来的。
他注定不是一个出类拔萃的人。
而上天又是如此的公平——往往会令起点不高的人比天生优越感十足的人更早更深刻地认识到生活中的真实。
阿甘的母亲给阿甘的是一笔精神财富，这样的哲学理论在母亲给他的那一刻起就已经转化成他自己的东西。
就如他坐路边的长椅上和不相识的路上讲述他的传奇，他在每一个理论前面加上三个字：妈妈说。
妈妈说，人生就象巧克力，你永远不知道你会尝到什么味道。
妈妈说，你必须明白，你和你身边的人一样，你和他们并没有什么不同，没有。
妈妈说，我只是告诉自己，当我做一件事的时候，我就要尽力去做好它，比如我这辈子做了你的妈妈，这是我无法选择的事，上帝把你给了我，我的孩子，我就必须尽力做好你的母亲，我做到了。
母亲的教育给阿甘的人生有非一般的触动，或许阿甘的人生在就从母亲教他的第一个单词开始的吧。
或许，这样的影响是耳濡目染的，是深刻熏陶的吧。
有了母亲的引导，然后便是阿甘自己的努力。
阿甘在影片中被塑造成了美德的化身，诚实、守信、认真、勇敢而重视感情。
在影片中，阿甘是十分纯洁的形象，对于所叙述的一切，影片自始自终都是以一种温情和善意的态度来表现的，甚至还加入了诗意化的成分，这使得影片显得柔和而无伤害性。
在影片的结尾，出现了一个让人深刻的镜头：在广阔的蓝天下，那根轻盈而洁白的羽毛飞啊飞，最终还是缓缓地降落在坐在长椅送儿子上学的阿甘脚下。
我想，这是影片中的一种暗示，暗示着阿甘的人品的纯洁平淡而美丽，暗示着一种回归。
阿甘的一生都在奔跑。
阿甘与别人相比的傻，正是当时美国社会所缺少的东西。
或许正是阿甘这份别人做不到的执着，和美国历史的扑朔迷离相结合，才有了这部不平凡的电影，和我们心中，永远奔跑的阿甘。
看，他的奔跑人生……欢迎下载，谢谢观看！资料仅供参考学习。