第1讲 动词的时态、语态及主谓一致 课时练

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第一讲动词的时态、语态及主谓一致

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1

(2017·全国Ⅰ)导学号 47404057 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 1.as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2.effects(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3.to process(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4.are removed(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 5.a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6.worse(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7.is(be) full of fat and salt; by 8.eating(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9.careful(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10.which is not good for the health.

文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。

❶解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，表示“作为一种抵御心脏病的方式”，所以填as，意为“作为”。

❷解析：考查名词复数。这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用。根据空前的“some”及空后的“such as overweight and heart disease”可知，此处指不止一种副作用，故用名词复数形式effects。

❸解析：考查非谓语动词。be required to do sth.为固定用法。

❹解析：考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；又fat and salt 是动词remove的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。

❺解析：考查冠词。as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果”。

❻解析：考查比较级。短语even worse意为“更糟糕的是”，表示意义的递进。故用worse。

❼解析：考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓语动词，又因主语为fast food，故填is。

❽解析：考查非谓语动词。介词by后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填eating。

❾解析：考查形容词。此处为形容词作表语，故填careful“当心的”构成系表结构。

○10解析：考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。

2

(2016·全国Ⅰ) Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 1.attraction(attract)．

So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not－for－profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 2.was allowed(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600－acre centre.From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be 3.officially(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back 4.to my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s, 5.when I was the first Western TV reporter 6.permitted(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include 7.introducing(introduce) British visitors to the 120－plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by 8.its(it) mother.The nursery team switches him every few 9.days(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle－fed，10.the other is with mum—she never suspects.

文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的成都之旅及其与大熊猫之间的故事。

❶解析：考查词性转换。但对于像我一样的游客，熊猫是成都最吸引人的事物。由形容词性物主代词its以及形容词top可知此处应该填动词attract的名词形式attraction，意为“向往之地，有吸引力的事”。

❷解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系，且前一句的“was”表明此处应用一般过去时，故填was allowed。

❸解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词，所以填officially。

❹解析：考查介词。go back to是固定搭配，意为“追溯到”。

❺解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故填关系副词when。