三单动词变化及读音

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英语单词时态变化规则以及读音规则

英语单词时态变化规则以及读音规则

英语单词时态变化规则以及读音规则一、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z]。

如:①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s]②read-reads [z] ; play-plays [z]2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如:fly-flies [z];carry-carries [z]study-studies [z]; worry-worries3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:go-goes [z] do-does [z]5、以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,与所加“s”一起读做[iz]。

如:close-closes [iz]二、名词复数的规则变化___________________________________________________情况构成方法读音例词__________________________________________________一般情况加-s 1.清辅音后读/s/;map-maps2.浊辅音和元音后bag-bags读/z/;car-cars___________________________________________________以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加-es读/iz/bus-buseswatch-watches___________________________________________________以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加-s读/iz/license-licenses___________________________________________________以辅音字母+y变y 为i结尾的词再加es读/z/baby---babies___________________________________________________以-f或-fe结尾的名词多将-f或-fe变成-ves,但有例外,读音变化:尾音[f]改度[vz]。

小学动词第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式大全

小学动词第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式大全
reused
reused
plan
plans
planning
planned
planned
bite
bites
biting
bit
bitten
cheer
cheers
cheering
cheered
cheered
hit
hits
hitting
hit
hit
reach
reaches
reaching
reached
reached
listening
listened
listened
shout
shouts
shouting
shouted
shouted
eat
eats
eating
ate
eaten
talk
talks
talking
talked
talked
run
runs
running
ran
run
sleep
sleeps
sleeping
slept
looking
looked
looked
like
likes
liking
liked
liked
meet
meets
meeting
met
met
thank
thanks
thanking
thanked
thanked
have
has
having
had
had
make
makes
making
made
made/maken
play

动词第三人称单数变化规则如下

动词第三人称单数变化规则如下

动词第三人称单数变化规则1) 一般情况下,动词后面直接加-s. 例如:works gets says reads2) 以ch,sh,s,x 或o 结尾的动词,在后面加-es。

例如:go-goes teach-,teache wash-washes brush-brushes ,catch-catches ,do-does ,fix -fixes3) 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加-es. 例如:study- studies try-tries carry-carries ,fly-flies cry-cries现在分词变化规则1.直接+ ing(例:sleep+ing sleeping)2.去e+ing(例:bite-e+ing biting)3重读闭音节,且末尾只有1个辅音字母,双写辅音字母+ing(例:sit+t+ing sitting)4.特殊变化:die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying5.不规则变化现在进行时的基本用法:A 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。

例:We are waiting for you.B. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。

例:Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。

)例:She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.C.已经确定或安排好的将来活动I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了)we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了)D.有些动词(状态动词不用于进行时态)1.表示知道或了解的动词:believe,doubt,forget,imagine,know, remember,realize,suppose,understand2.表示“看起来”“看上去"appear,resemble,seem3表示喜爱或不喜爱hate,like.lover.prefer4表示构成或来源的动词be come from.contain,include5表示感官的动词hear see smell sound taste6表示拥有的动词belong to.need.own .possess.want wish1、现在进行时的构成现在进行时由"be+v-ing"构成。

动词单数第三人称变化发音规则

动词单数第三人称变化发音规则

动词单数第三人称变化发音规则动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同:1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。

如:①清清:以清辅音结尾的加了S后,发[s],如:stop-stops [s] make-makes [s]②浊浊:以浊辅音结尾的加了S后,发[z],如:clean-cleans [z] sing – sings [z]③元浊:以浊辅音结尾的加了S后,发[z],如:play-plays [z] carry-carries [z]2、以字母t结尾的发[ts]音,以字母d结尾的发[dz]。

如:sit-sits [ts] suit-suits[ts] read-reads [dz]3、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如:fly-flies [iz] carry-carries [iz]study-studies [iz] worry-worries [iz]4、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:teach-teaches [iz] watch-watches [iz]5、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:go-goes [z] do-does [z]6、以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,与所加“s”一起读做[iz]。

如:close-closes [iz]7、下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。

如:①do [du:]-does [dz]② say [sei]-says [sez]除上述规律外,还应注意下面三点:1. 动词have ,遇到主语是第三人称单数时,要用has;动词be 的第三人称单数形式是is。

2. 含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时,要用doesn't + 动词原形,如:He goes to school at six in the morning. (变否定句)→ He doesn't go to school at six in the morning.3. 对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子提问时,要用助动词does,如:She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问)→ When does she go home every day? 或者:What time does she go home every day?。

动词的“三单”,ing,和过去式变化规则

动词的“三单”,ing,和过去式变化规则

动词的第三人称单数的单数及发音规则:1.一般直接在此为加-s,-s在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/, ds读/dz/, ts读/ts 如help helps/s/ know knows/z/ get gets/s/ read reads/z/2.以字母s, x, ch, sh或有些以o 结尾的动词加-es,-es 读/iz/, 如guess guesses fix fixes teach teaches wash washes注意:go goes/z/ do does /z/3.辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es,-ies读/iz/carry carries fly flies注意:在play---plays,say----says中,字母y前为元音字母,第三人称单数形式直接在动词后加-s4.特俗词例外5.be动词的第三人称单数分别为am, is, are, have则为has注意:以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是/s/,/z/,加-s后,字母”e”发音,与所加-s一起读作/iz/,如close closes/iz/动词的ing变化规则:1.一般情况直接加ing,如look—looking go---going visit---visiting2.以不发音的e结尾的,去e再加ing,如come---coming make---making write---writing3.以重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母的,双写该辅音字母,再加ing,如run---running stop---stopping get---getting swim---swimming begin---beginning4.以辅音字母加y结尾的,直接加ing,如study---studying carry---carrying fly---flying cry---crying5.以ie结尾的重度开音节动词,先变ie为y,再加ing,如die---dying tie---tying lie---lying动词的过去式变化规则:1.规则变化(1)一般直接在动词后加ed,-ed在清辅音后读/t/, 在浊辅音及元音后读/d,/-ed在/t//d/后读/id/,如call---called open---opened look---looked want---wanted /id/ need---needed /id/ (2)以不发音的“e”结尾的,直接加-d ,如live---lived move---moved hope---hoped(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-ed,(注意:如果是元音字母加y结尾的,还是直接加-ed,如,play---played,enjoy---enjoyed)如study---studied cry---cried try---tried(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed,如plan---planned fit---fitted stop---stopped2.不规则变化(要特俗记忆),以下是一些常见的动词的过去式am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went come-came have/has-had eat-ate, take-took run-ran put-put make-made read-read write-wrote draw-drew drink-drank fly-flew ride-rode speak-spoke sweep-swept swim-swam sit-sat hear- heard sleep-slept let-letblow-blew hurt-hurt speak-spoke buy-bought keep-kept swim-swam eat-ate catch-caught know-knew stand-stood choose-chose lie-lay leave-left draw-drew teach –taught drink-drank make- made tell-told think-thought mean-meantfeel-felt drive-drove meet-met write –wrote find-found fly-flewforget -forgot ring -rang see -saw ride-rodegrow-grew sing-sang/sung begin-began learn-learned/learnt可数名词变复数的规则:1.规则变化:(1)一般情况下,在词尾加-s,如book---books boy---boys(2)以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es,如bus---buses watch---watches (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i,再加-es,如city---cities family---families (4)以-f或-fe结尾的分两类,一类直接加-s,另一类大多数情况下,将-f或-fe改为v,再加-es,如,roof---roofs belief---beliefs leaf---leaves life---livesknife---knives2.不规则变化(1)元音字母发生变化man---men tooth---teeth goose---geese(2)词尾变化child---children mouse---mice(3)单复数同形sheep---sheep deer---deer fish---fish另附清辅音与浊辅音:清辅音:[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [ts] [t∫] [tr] [h]浊辅音:[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [δ][з] [dz] [dз] [dr] [r]音节分为开音节和闭音节,3.开音节又分为相对开音节和绝对开音节(1)相对开音节:“以一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(r除外)+不发音的e”结尾的叫相对开音节。

动词单三变化规律及练习题(小学五年级)

动词单三变化规律及练习题(小学五年级)

动词第三人称单数词尾变化及读音动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形式。

(1)一般动词在词尾加-s,-s在清辅音后读/ S/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/ds读/dz/, ts读/ts/。

如:help i helps/helps/, knowKnows/R HZ/, geRgets/gets/, reacH reads/『i dz/ ⑵以字母s, x, ch, sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es, -es读/ iz/。

如:guess^guesses^' SIZ/, fix H fixes/'fiksiz/, teach i teache/弋【iz/, wash i washes/、¥iz/注意:go i goes/ HZ/, do^does/d Z/(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es, -ies读/ iz/。

如:carry H carries/ "k 11Z/, fly H flies/flaiz /注:在play H plays/pleiz/, say H says/sez/中,字母y 前为元音字母,第三人称单数形式直接在动词后面加-s。

(4)特殊词例外。

如:be H is, have H has以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s], [z]时,加“ s”后字母“ e”发音,与所加“ s” ,一起读做[iz]。

女口:close— closes [iz]一般现在时练习(一)一、用词的适当形式填空1. What time _________ his father ________ (do) the work?2. He ________ (get) up at five o ' clock.3. ________ you __________ (brush) your teeth every morni ng ?4. What _______ ( do ) he usually ________ ( do ) after school?5. Tom ______ ( study ) En glish, Chin ese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6. Kitty sometimes _________ (go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at ni ght, she ________ ( watch ) TV with her pare nts.8. _______ Mike _______ ( read ) En glish every day?9. How many lessons _______ y our classmates _____ ( have ) on Mon day?10. We often _________ ( play ) football in the playgro und.二、选择()1. _______ you have a book?A. DoB. AreC. IsD. Have()2. They __________ on a farm.A. worki ngB. is workC. workD. is worked ()3. Does Peter like to watch TV?A. Yes, he likeB. No, he doesn 'C.tYes, he ' d like No, he likes()4. She does n ' t ___________ her homework in the after noon.A. doingB. to doC. doesD. do()5. How _____________ Mr. Brow n __________ to America?A. do,goB. is,goC. does,goD. does,goes()6. Where ' s my camera? I _______________ it.A. am not findingB. am not seeingC. can ' t findD. can ' t look at ()7. How ____________ he go to work?He ___________ to work by bike.A. does ;goB. do;goesC. do ;goD. does;goes()8. ________ you usually late for school?No,_____________ .A. Do ; I amB. Does ;notC. Are ; I ' m DotAre ; I aren 't()9. _______ she _____ home at six every day?A. Is , leaveB. Does , leaveC. Is , leavesD. Does , left()10. Mr. Ya ng _____________ E n glish this term.A. teaches ourB. teaches usC. teachs usD. teach our般现在时练习(二)一、单项选择题1. Jenny ___ in an office. Her pare nts ____ in a hospital.A. work worksB. works workC. work are worki ngD. is worki ng work2. One of the boys ___ a black hat.A. haveB. there isC. there areD. has3. We will go shopp ing if it ___ t omorrow.A. don't rainB. did n't rainC. does n't rainD. is n't rain4. He said the sun ___ in the east and ___ in the west.A. rose; setB. rises; setsC. rises; setD. rise; sets5. Wang Mei ___ music and ofte n ___ to music.A. like; liste nB. likes; liste nsC. like; are liste ningD. liki ng; liste n6. Jenny ___ En glish every eve ning.A. has studyB. studiesC. studyD. studied7. ____ M ike from Japa n?A. AreB. DoC. DoesD.Is8. ____ y ou come from Japa n?A. AreB. DoC. DoesD.Is9. What la nguage do you _____ ?A. sayB. talkC. tellD. speak10. The elepha nt likes ____ her frie nds and ____ grass.A. play with; eatB. play with; eatsC. to play with; eatD. to play with; eats二、所给动词的正确形式填空1.1 can take Li Mi ng there whe n he ___ (come) to visit.2. ____ your sister ___ (kno w)E nglish?3. Her home ___ (be) away from her school.4. The pot ____ (n ot look) like yours very much.5. Where _____ y ou ____ (have)lu nch every day?6. Who ___ (wan t)to go swim ming?7. ____ she _____ (do) the housework every day?8. Jenny and Danny usually _____ (play) games in the after noon .9. ____ you ______ (like) En glish?10. What _____ h is father ____ (do) ?。

动词的三种变化规则

动词的三种变化规则

一.动词的三种变化规则1、第三人称单数一般现在时形(用于一般现在时态中)(a)原形动词词尾+“-s”:help(帮助)→helps come(来)→comes (b)原形动词词尾“ch,sh,o,s,x”+“-es”:teach(教)→teaches wash(洗)→washes go(去)→goes kiss(吻)→kissesfix(安装)→fixes(c)原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”后加“-ies”,若是“元音字母+y”,只加“-s”:study(学习)→studies play(游戏)→plays 注:本项规则的“第三人称单数”是指句子的主语。

例如:I go to school on a bicycle every day .You go to school on a bicycle every day.She goes to school on a bicycle every day.2、现在分词(也称“-ing”形)(用于构成进行时态、非谓语)(a)原形动词词尾+“-ing”。

speak→speaking(说)study→studying(学习)go→going(去)(b)原形动词词尾为“-e”时,去“-e”后+“-ing”。

live→living(住)make→making(制造)(c)原形动词词尾为“-ie”时,先把“-ie”改为“-y”后+“-ing”。

lie→lying(卧,躺)die→dying(死)(d)原形动词词尾为“短元音+辅音字母”时,先双写词尾辅音字母后再+“-ing”。

plan→planning(计划)kid→kidding(开玩笑)get→getting(得到)stop→stopping(停止)put→putting(放置)shut→shutting(关闭)注:双音节动词若其词尾的词形如本项的情形,但重音落在第一音节者直接加“-ing”,若是重音落在第二音节者则依本项规则加“-ing”。

动词第三人称单数词尾变化形式及读音

动词第三人称单数词尾变化形式及读音

动词第三人称单数词尾变化形式及读音动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形式。

(1)一般动词在词尾加-s,-s在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/ds读/dz/,ts读/ts/。

如:help→helps/helps/,know→knows/n☜uz/,get→gets/gets/,read→reads/ri dz /(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es,-es读/iz/。

如:guess→guesses/'♑✌siz/,fix→fixes/'fiksiz/,teach→teaches/'ti t☞iz/,wash→washes/'w ☞iz/注意:go→goes/♑☜uz/,do→does/d✈z/(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es,-ies读/iz/。

如:carry→carries/'k✌riz/,fly→flies/flaiz/注:在play→plays/pleiz/,say→says/sez/中,字母y前为元音字母,第三人称单数形式直接在动词后面加-s。

(4)特殊词例外。

如:be→is,have→has以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,与所加“s” ,一起读做[iz]。

如:close-closes [iz]规则动词和不规则动词的过去式变化如下:一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed ,如:work—worked piay—played want--wanted act--acted以不发音的-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:live--lived move--moved decide--decided decline--declined hope--hoped judge—judged raise--raised wipe--wiped以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:study--studied try--tried copy--copied justify--justified cry--criedcarry--carried embody--embodied empty--emptied以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop--stopped beg--begged fret--fretted drag--dragged drop—dropped plan--planned dot--dotted drip--dripped注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。

英语中名词单数变复数单三的变换总结[1]

英语中名词单数变复数单三的变换总结[1]

名词复数形式的读音分中情况:1.在轻辅音后面读【S】;2.在浊辅音和元音后面读【Z];3.在t,d的后面分别读【ts】,【dz];4.在s,z,sh,ch,ge等后面一般读作【iz】。

规则动词后加-ed的读音情况如下:1。

在轻辅音后面读【t】;2.在浊辅音和元音后面读【d];3.在t,d的后面分别读【id】;名词变复数,动词第三人称,过去式读音张东启无论是名词变复数、动词第三人称单数形式,还是动词加“ed”的过去式,总的发音规律就是“清清浊浊元也浊”,就是在清辅音后读清辅音,在浊辅音后读浊辅音,在元音后也读浊辅音。

动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形式。

(1)一般动词在词尾加-s,-s在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z /,ds读/dz/,ts读/ts/。

如:help→helps/helps/,know→knows/nEuz/,get→gets/gets/,read →reads/ri:dz/(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es,-es读/iz/。

如:guess→guesses/'gAsiz/,fix→fixes/'fiksiz/,teach→teaches/'ti:tFiz/,wash→washes/'wRFiz/注意:go→goes/gəuz/,do→does/dΛz/(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es,-ies读/iz/。

如:carry→carries/'kæriz/,fly→flies/flaiz/注:在play→plays/pleiz/,say→says/sez/中,字母y前为元音字母,第三人称单数形式直接在动词后面加-s。

(4)特殊词例外。

如:be→is,have→has动词过去式和过去分成过去式的发音是由单词的最后一个音素来决定的:1.如果该单词以清辅音结尾,如/k/,/p/等,则读作/t/,例如looked读作/t/.2.如果该单词以浊辅音结尾,如/n/,/b/等,则读作/d/,例如abandoned读作/d/.3.如果该单词以字母t或字母d结尾,则读作/id/,例如started读作/id/.4.如果该单词以元音结尾,则读作/d/,例如studied读作/d/.以上是过去式读音的一般规则,英语中还有许多不规则的动词,他们的过去式及发音就得靠你去记忆了,如buy过去式为bought,等等名词复数的构成和读音可数名词有单数(Singular Form)和复数(Plural Form)两种形式。

主语是第三人称单数,动词的变化及其读音

主语是第三人称单数,动词的变化及其读音

当使用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时,动词形式需做下列几种变化:规则动词原形第三人称单数形式①一般情况,在词尾加-s。

不过,读音有四种:1、在清辅音后读/s/;2、在浊辅音或元音后读/z/;3、在t后读/ts/;4、在d后读/dz/。

helpmakeswimleaveknowplaygetridehelps /helps/makes /meiks/swims /swimz/leaves /li:vz/knows /nəuz/plays /pleiz/gets /gets/rides /raidz/②以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词加-es,读/iz/。

如果动词原形词尾已有e,则加s。

guessfixteachwashcloseguesses/'gesiz/fixes/'fiksiz/teaches/'ti:tʃiz/washes/'wɔʃiz/closes/kləuziz/③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变为i,再加-es,读/z/。

flycarrystudyflies/flaiz/carries/'kæris/studies/'stʌdiz/④以元音字母加y结尾的动词,加-s,读/z/play plays /pleiz/④以o结尾的动词加es,读/z/。

godogoes /gəuz/do /dəuz/。

动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律

动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律

一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。

如:He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。

She has lunch at twelve.她十二点吃午餐。

It looks like a cat.它看起来像只猫。

二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。

如:①Tom looks like her mother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。

②Beijing is in China.北京在中国。

③Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。

三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时,是第三人称单数。

如:①A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。

②This book is yours.这本书是你的。

③That car is red.那辆小汽车是红色的。

④The cat is Lucy's.这只猫是露茜的。

四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时,是第三人称单数。

如:①Everyone is here.大家到齐了。

②There is something wrong with the watch.这块手表有毛病。

③This is a pen.这是一支钢笔。

④That is an eraser.那是一块橡皮擦。

五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。

如:①The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。

②The bread is very small.那面包很小。

六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。

如:①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。

清辅音与浊辅音、规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律

清辅音与浊辅音、规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律

规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则清辅音:送气强,声带不振动。

浊辅音:几乎不送气,声带振动。

(送气指从喉咙向口外送出气流)以下是成对的辅音,前清后浊(你可以试试它们的区别,比如b和p,它们发音的口型、舌位、唇形都是完全一样的,但是你如果声带不振动,怎么都只能发出p,如果振动了,你会发现就是b):p b t d k g t∫dзf vθδs z∫з以下是单个的辅音:h清辅音r浊辅音m,n,?浊辅音,鼻音l浊辅音,舌侧音以下的非清浊辅音,只是辅音:w,j半元音,介于元音与辅音之间(元音仅声带振动,无气流与发音器官的摩擦,气流不受阻碍;辅音有摩擦,气流受阻碍。

而半元音既振动又摩擦)。

前面加辅音的辅音改变的是:/p/在s后浊化成/b/,如spring,speak,space;/t/在s后浊化成/d/,如stay,stand,steady。

另外,美语中,如果/t/出现在非重读音节中,且位于两个元音中间时,也要读成/d/,这是美音和英音的重要区别之一。

比如water,forty,better。

/k/在s后浊化成/g/,如sky,skate,skull。

如果是双元音,可以说是元音后面跟了另一个元音,这样的话仍然不变;如果是辅音跟在元音后面,那么所有辅音中,只有一个读音要改变,就是舌侧音l:l在元音前,称清晰舌侧音,此时舌尖抵上齿龈,舌前部向硬腭抬起使气流从舌的两侧泻出。

发音时声带振动,是浊辅音,如land;l在辅音前或者元音后、词的末尾,是含糊舌侧音。

舌尖紧贴上齿龈,舌前下陷,舌后上抬,舌面形成凹形,气流在凹形中产生共鸣,发音响亮。

比如:ball,fulfil(1)清辅音:/p/、/t/、/k/、/f/、/θ/、/s/、/W/、/t∫/、/ts/、/tr/,再加上/r/、/h/,合计12个。

(2)浊辅音:/b/、/d/、/g/、/v/、/ð/、/z/、/3/、/d3/、/dz/、/dr/再加上/m/、/n/、/η/、/l/、/j/、/w/合计16个。

三单s的发音规则

三单s的发音规则

三单s的发音规则
在英语中,当动词的主语是第三人称单数时,动词的形式需要加上"s"或"es"。

发音规则如下:
1. 如果动词的词尾是发音为清辅音(声带不震动)的音素,如/k/, /p/, /t/, /f/等,只需加上/s/。

例如:ask /ɑːsk/(问)→ asks /ɑːks/(问);work /wɜːrk/(工作)→ works /wɜːrks/(工作)
2. 如果动词的词尾是发音为浊辅音(声带震动)的音素,如/z/, /v/, /d/, /g/等,或是元音音素/iː/, /ɜː/, /ɔ:/等,需加上/ɪz/或/əz/。

例如:watch /wɒtʃ/(看)→ watches /wɒtʃɪz/(看);believe /bɪˈliːv/(相信)→ believes /bɪˈliːvz/(相信)
3. 如果动词的词尾本身是以/s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/等音素结尾的词,加上额外的/es/来发音。

例如:pass /pɑːs/(通过)→ passes /pɑːsɪz/(通过);push
/pʊʃ/(推)→ pushes /pʊʃɪz/(推)
需要注意的是,有一些特殊的动词在第三人称单数形式时会发生不规则变化,如have(有)变成has(有),do(做)变成does(做),等等。

这些不规则动词需要单独记忆其形式。

动词第三人称单数变化规则及练习

动词第三人称单数变化规则及练习

一.动词第三人称单数变化规则1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z]。

如:①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s]2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如:fly-flies [z];carry-carries [z]3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:go-goes [z]二.动词变现在分词的变化规则:1. 直接在动词原形后面加-ing。

如:read – reading cook – cooking talk– talking2.以不发音的字母e结尾的动词把e去掉加-ing。

如:write → writing make → making3.以一个辅音字母加一个元音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词, 要双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ing。

如:run → running cut → cutting swim → swimming三.名词单复数详解(1).名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,不可数名词没有单复数,一律看作单数。

例如:food, meat, bread, tea, water, milk, ink, orange, drink, rice, 等。

(2).可数名词的单数前什么时候用a,什么时候用an? 答:以元音音标开头的用an,以辅音音标开头的用a。

注意:我们看的是音标,而不是元音字母。

1>选择a或an或者不填(用/来表示)pen bag apple big apple banana orange oranges orange pen hour 小时house [haus]房子umbrella 雨伞university大学2>用a/an填空:①Is it Chinese book or English book? ②This is ring, and it is orange ring.③Mary is English teacher. Tom is Chinese teacher. ④This is bike. It’s old bike.⑤This is telephone number. ⑥That is ID card.⑦I lost my keys. It’s set of keys. ⑧It’s apple, not pear.⑨This is peach. That’s orange. ⑩You have banana, but I have egg.③Is there umbrella on the desk? ②There is island in the sea.③There is picture on the card. ④I have old book.⑤apple is a kind of fruit. ⑥There is armchair in the living room.⑦I’d like egg. ⑧Look, there is bird in the tree.⑨Is there map on the wall? ⑩There is bench in the park.(3). 可数名词的变化规则:一般规则:1>一般在词尾加s,如:books,bags,fruits。

动词第三人称单数变化规则如下

动词第三人称单数变化规则如下

动词第三人称单数变化规则1) 一般情况下,动词后面直接加-s. 例如:works gets says reads2) 以ch,sh,s,x 或o 结尾的动词,在后面加-es。

例如:go-goes teach-,teache wash-washes brush-brushes ,catch-catches ,do-does ,fix -fixes3) 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加-es. 例如:study- studies try-tries carry-carries ,fly-flies cry-cries现在分词变化规则1.直接+ ing(例:sleep+ing sleeping)2.去e+ing(例:bite-e+ing biting)3重读闭音节,且末尾只有1个辅音字母,双写辅音字母+ing(例:sit+t+ing sitting)4.特殊变化:die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying5.不规则变化现在进行时的基本用法:A 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。

例:We are waiting for you.B. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。

例:Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。

)例:She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.C.已经确定或安排好的将来活动I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了)we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了)D.有些动词(状态动词不用于进行时态)1.表示知道或了解的动词:believe,doubt,forget,imagine,know, remember,realize,suppose,understand2.表示“看起来”“看上去"appear,resemble,seem3表示喜爱或不喜爱hate,like.lover.prefer4表示构成或来源的动词be come from.contain,include5表示感官的动词hear see smell sound taste6表示拥有的动词belong to.need.own .possess.want wish1、现在进行时的构成现在进行时由"be+v-ing"构成。

动词第三人称单数加“S”与名词复数加“S”的区别

动词第三人称单数加“S”与名词复数加“S”的区别

整数名词复数加“S”的规则名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加s或es. 现将构成规则与读音规则列表如下: 构成方法读音例词在词尾加-s1.在清辅音后读作 [s ]2. 在浊辅音后读作[ z ]1. desk—desks [ s ]2. map—maps [ s ]3. field –[ dz]dog—dogs [ z ]sea—seas [ z ]1. 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词后加-es2. 如词尾是e,只加-s-(e)s读作[ iz ]1. classclasses [ iz ]box — boxes [ iz ]dish—dishes[ iz ]watch—watches[ iz ]2. horse—horses[ iz ]如词尾为–f或–fe ,则一般变为–ves-ves 读作[ vz ]1. leaf—leaves[ vz2. knife—knives[ vz ]以辅音+y结尾的名词,变y为 i再加-es-ies读作[ iz ]family—families[ iz ]以元音+y结尾的名词,加-s-s读作[ z ]boy—boys[ z ]以辅音+o结尾的名词,加-es-es读作[ z ]hero—heroes[ z ]potato—potatoes[ z ]tomato—tomatoes[ z ]以元音+o结尾的名词,加-s-s读作[ z ]radio—radios[ z ]zoo—zoos[ z ]以-th结尾的名词,加-s1. 在长元音后,-ths读作[ z ]2. 在短元音或辅音后,-ths读作[ s ]1. bath—baths[ z ]2. month—months[ s ]英语里有一些名词的复数形式不是以词尾-s或-es构成,它们的构成方法主要如下表:构成方法例词变内部元音foot[ u ]—feet[i: ]man[ ]—men[ e ]mouse[ au ]—mice[ ai ]woman[ ]—women[ e ]词尾加-enox—oxen(公牛)child[ ai ]—children[ i ]形式不变(通形名词----单、复数同形)deer—deerfish—fishsheep—sheep集合名词(只有复数,没有单数。

单三人称时的动词变化

单三人称时的动词变化

单三人称时的动词变化①在一般现在时中,当主语为第三人称单数时,动词要用“s”型(即第三人称单数形式)。

②所谓动词“s”型的构成,可按名词变复数的规则来记,即:i)在动词尾直接加s。

如:play—plays,want—wants,work—works,know—knows,help—helps,get—getsii)以字母s、x、ch或o结尾的动词加-es;如:guess—guesses,fix—fixes,teach—teaches,brush—brushes,go—goes,do—does,watch—watches,catch—catchesiii)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es。

如:study—studies,carry—carries,fly—flies,worry—worries英语名词单数变复数主要有以下规则:一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。

读音变化:结尾是清辅音读[s],结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。

例:friend→friends; cat→cats; style→styles; sport→sports; piece→pieces二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。

读音变化:统一加读[iz]。

例:bus→buses; quiz→quizzes; fox→foxes; match→matches; flash→flashes box →boxes; watch →watches; actress →actresses; class →classes; coach(长途车)→coaches; dress →dresses; sandwich →sandwiches; toothbrush →toothbrushes; waitress(女侍者)→waitresses三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加-es。

动词的三单形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词的变化规律

动词的三单形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词的变化规律

xx形式现在分词过去式主语是第三人称单数形式时,动词的变化动词的ing形式构成法动词的过去式的构成法规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。

如:asked, helped, watched, stopped2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。

如:enjoyed, studied, moved, called3. 在t / d后读作[id]。

如:wanted, needed不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表。

大体上归纳有以下几条记忆法:1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。

如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat,cost—cost,hit—hit2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。

如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent (read—read)3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。

如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。

如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew,throw—threw5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。

如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt,sweep—swept6.只去掉一个e:feed—fed,meet—met7. 闭音节词,改i为a。

如:sit—sat, swim—swam, ring—rang, drink—drank,sing—sang,begin—began,8. 开音节词,改i为o。

如:drive—drove, ride—rode, write—wrote,9.buy—bought, bring—brought, think—thought, catch—caught, teach—taughty—laid, say—said, pay—paid母鸡“下蛋”并“摆放”好后,“说”,“付钱”can—could, will—would, shall—should, find—found。

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动词三单变化规律(只有一般现在时才有第三人称单数)动词好好看,词尾有变幻,规律掌握好,一点都不难。

1.一般在词尾加s:
eats drinks sleeps sees looks hears walk talk reads writes 2. 词尾读音“是稀奇”,就加es:
kisses misses fixes dresses stresses presses expresses impresse s washes brushes pushes flashes teaches watches matches
3.单词结尾y,千万别乱猜,元加y就不改,直接加s,辅音加y,改y为i加es:
stay pay play buy say enjoy destroy display spray slay
study--studies carry –carries marry—marries worry—worries hurry —hurries fly--flies try--tries dry—dries cry—cries bury--buries
4.记住特殊的两个单词go和do后面加es:
goes does
5.记住最为特别的be的三单是is; have的三单是has.
六.单词三单变化练习,填充下列表格:
词尾只加s 词尾要加es 不改y直接加s 改y为i加es o后加es
1
2
3
4
5 特别的两个单

6
7
8
9
10
【判断三单】说出使用三单的理由
1)Who wants to try?
2)Mary or Jack wants to come here.
3)He studies English very hard, doesn’t he?
4)My mother does housework three times a week.
5)She goes to Know-how English twice a week.
6)I go to Beijing once a year.
7)They lik e English very much, don’t they?
8)He likes English very much, doesn’t he?
9)He never drinks coke.
10)I sometimes get up late.
11)The dog wants to eat the bone.
12)The little cat wants to catch the fat rat.
13)My grandfather often goes fishing.
14)My father seldom beats me.
动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形式。

(1)一般动词在词尾加-s,-s在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/,ds读/dz/,ts读/ts/。

如:
help→helps/helps/,know→knows/nEuz/,get→gets/gets/,read→r eads/ri:dz/
(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es,-es读/iz/。

如:guess→guesses/'gAsiz/,fix→fixes/'fiksiz/,teach→teaches/'ti: tFiz/,wash→washes/'wRFiz/
注意:go→goes/gEuz/,do→does/dQz/
(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es,-ies读/iz/。

如:carry→carries/'kAriz/,fly→flies/flaiz/
注:在play→plays/pleiz/,say→says/sez/中,字母y前为元音字母,第三人称单数形式直接在动词后面加-s。

(4)特殊词例外。

如:
be→is,have→has。

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