(完整版)高一定语从句学案

定语从句

学习目标

1.定义及术语

2.比较关系词

3.区别几种句型

1.定语从句及相关概念

定语：可由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式、分词等充当。

如果是一个句子充当定语，那么这个句子就是定语从句。

The girl who is standing there is Mary.

(1).概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。

The girl who is standing there is Mary.

先行词关系词

(2). 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。关系词：引导定语从句的词。

(3).关系词: 关系代词:that which who whom whose as 等

关系副词:when where why 等

(4).定语从句的分类：

（1）限定性定从：与先行词关系密切，必不可少,它与先行词之间无逗号。

（2）非限定性定从：是先行词的一个附加说明，去掉也不影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。

He was reading a book, which was about war.

His son who works in Shanghai has come back.

His son, who works in Shanghai, has come back. ( )

(5). 各关系代词的使用方法

（ A ）who, whom, that 代替先行词指人的名或代词，who代人，在从句做主语，也可代替作宾语的whom，前不能有介词，如有介词则必用whom（指人结构：介词+whom）。

如:The girl who /that is dressed in red is my sister. (做主语)

I don’t know the man (who/whom/that) you talked with. (做宾,省)

1. Women____drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _____don’t.

A. who; /

B. /; who

C. who; who

D. /; /

2. He is the only one of the students who ______a winner of scholarship for three years.

A. is

B. are

C. have been

D. has been

3. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help.

A. that

B. who

C. from whom

D. to whom

(B)whose指人或物，只做定语.若指物，还可用of which互换。

I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.（＝her ）

Please show me the bag whose cover is red.

The boy whose father is a worker studies very hard.

The book whose cover is green belongs to me. (=of which the cover =the cover of which)

1. George Orwell, _____was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.

A. the real name

B. what his real name

C. his real name

D. whose real name

2. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house _____roof is under repair.

A. whose

B. which c. of which D. what

3. Have you seen the film Titanic, ____leading actor is world-famous?

A. its

B. it’s

C. whose

D. which

4. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _____effects the people are still

Suffering.

A. that

B. whose

C. those

D. what

5. I have many friends, ____some are businessman.

A. of them

B. from which

C. who

D. Of whom

6. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students_____ Chinese in the school, most ____were from Germany.

A. study; of whom

B. study; of them

C. studying; of them

D. studying; of whom

(C) 关代which，that它们所代替的先行词指事物的名或代词．在从句中可做主，宾语等，that还可做表语．介词后不能跟that，而跟which.

His mother does morning exercises every day, which is good for her health.

在限定性定从中,which和that都指物时，可通用。

This is the house which/that belongs to me.

★The city is no longer the one that it used to be. (表）

D. as指人，物. 常用固定搭配中，用在the same…as…, such… as…, as… as…, so… as…做主，宾和表语等, as不可省．“像．．．一样的／之类的”

Such men as know him praise him. /=Those who know him… ()

Such films as you describe can’t be shown at al l. ( )

I will buy the same bike as you. ( )

As is known to all, she is the best student in our class. ( )

This is the same museum that you once visited.

(E).which与as引导非限制性定从区别:

(a).as放在句末,句首和句中都可,而which引导非限定从不能放在句首.

As we know, smo king is harmful to one’s health.

(b).as引导非限从具有“正如；正像”的含义，其与主句关系是一致的，常与see，know，hear,watch，remember，say，tell，show，expect，guess等连用表看法，态度，解释或评论．

(c) as is well known as we all see

as often happens as has been said before

1) Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ______, of course, made the others unhappy.

A. who

B. which

C. this

D. what

2) The weather turned out to be very good, ____was more than we could expect.

A. what

B. which

C. that

D. it

such/so…that…和such/so…as…的区别

This is such a difficult question _____no one can answer it.

This is such a difficult question ____no one can answer.

A. that

B. as

C. which

D. what

定语从句和并列句的区别

1) The old man has two sons, both of ______are college students.

The old man has two sons, and both of ____are college students.

A. who

B. whom

C. them

D. they

2) _____I explained on the phone, you request will be considered at the next meeting. (05Zhejiang)

A. When

B. After

C. As

D. Since

3) ____is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. (04 Beijing)

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

4) _____has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. (03 Shanghai spring)

A. That

B. As

C. It

D. What

5)As a child, Jack studied in a village school，____is named after his grandfather．（2010 )

A which

B where

C what D. that