剥壳机的介绍机械外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

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去壳机简介介绍

去壳机简介介绍

设备检查
使用前需要对去壳机进行全面检查, 确保设备处于正常状态,避免事故发 生。
安全操作
操作去壳机时,需要严格遵守安全操 作规程,佩戴相应的防护设备。
维护保养
定期对去壳机进行维护保养,延长设 备使用寿命。
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去壳机的应用场景不同,选型 时需要考虑是否适用于各种不
同的物料和环境。
产能需求
根据生产线的产能需求,选择 能够满足生产要求的去壳机型
号。
设备性能
需要考虑去壳机的性能,如去 壳率、破损率等。
设备成本
在选型时,需要综合考虑设备 价格、维护成本、运营成本等
因素。
使用注意事项
操作培训
使用去壳机前,需要对操作人员进行 专业培训,确保操作人员熟悉设备操 作流程和安全规范。
去壳机的基本结构
传动装置
去壳机的传动装置通常由电动 机、减速器、皮带等组成,用
于驱动去壳机的运转。
破碎装置
破碎装置是去壳机的核心部分 ,由多个刀片、锤片、筛网等 组成,用于破碎或去除外壳。
输送装置
输送装置由输送带或输送网等 组成,用于将待去壳的种子或 坚果输送至破碎装置进行处理 。
防护装置
为了确保操作安全,去壳机通 常配备有防护装置,如防护罩
• 去壳机是一种用于各种坚果和种子去壳的机械设备,它能够提 高工作效率,降低人工成本,是现代食品加工行业的得力助手 。
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去壳机的应用场景
去壳机的应用场景
• 去壳机是一种用于去除各种物料的壳的机械设备 ,广泛应用于各个领域。
04
去壳机的优缺点分析
去壳机的优缺点分析
• 去壳机是一种用于去除各种坚果和种子外壳的机械设备。它广泛应用于食品加工、饲料加工等领域,能够大大提高生产效 率和降低成本。

离心式核桃破壳机设计说明书

离心式核桃破壳机设计说明书

离心式核桃破壳机设计说明书摘要:我国农作物的种植种类较多,其中壳体果实类农作物占到相当大的比例,绝大多数壳体果实农作物的产品都需要破壳处理,本文主要介绍了核桃的破壳方法。

通过对现有的核桃破壳技术的不同原理的了解,我们针对核桃设计了离心式核桃破壳机。

设计之前,我们对核桃破壳机的总体设计作了相关要求,以确保破壳机的破壳可行性和可靠性要求;通过对破壳机的各种要求我们确定了核桃破壳的方案,对破壳机整体作了合理的布局,并对破壳的主要部件进行了分析和验证,从而确保破壳的可行性;最后对破壳机的主要功能性零部件进行了合理的设计、选用和校核,这包轴的设计与校核、轴承和键的选用与强度校核,来保证个运动零部件的可靠性。

关键词:核桃;破壳机;离心式;工作原理;校核Centrifugal walnut break hull design specification machineAuthor:zou ming long Guide teacher:wang xiao xuan Abstract:Our country crop grow sort is more, including fruit such crops to shell of a significant proportion of, and most of the fruits of all products shell crops need to break hull processing, this paper mainly introduces the method of walnut emerged. Through to the existing walnut of different principles emerged technology understand, we focused on walnut design centrifugal walnut break hull machine. Before the design, we emerged in walnut general design of the machine for the relevant requirement, in order to ensure the machine emerged the feasibility and reliability requirements emerged; Through the various requirements of the machine to break hull we determined the walnut of emerged scheme of the whole machine emerged the reasonable layout, and the main parts by the emerged analysis and verification, so as to ensure that the feasibility of emerged; Finally the main functional parts emerged machine the reasonable design, selection and check, this package design and checking of the shaft, bearing and key selection and intensity, to ensure the reliability of the sports parts.Key words: Walnut; Break hull machine; Centrifugal; Working principle; check前言核桃是世界著名四大干果之一(还有扁桃、腰果、榛子),它是胡桃属落叶乔木,在中国栽培有2000年以上的历史。

机械外文英文翻译剥壳机的介绍

机械外文英文翻译剥壳机的介绍

附录1剥壳机的介绍1.挤压式莲子剥壳机挤压式莲子剥壳机最早的模型为双辊式莲子剥壳设备。

设备中一辊为带有橡胶层的旋转圆柱体,另一与之相对转动的辊上带有三角形刀刃的多个盘形圆片组成。

使莲子通过两辊的中缝时,切开莲壳。

然而几经实验,莲子仅被刀刃划破了部分外壳。

由于在两辊之间的加工区较短,莲子不可能在其中滚上一两圈,因而使莲壳的切破率大大降低[5]。

浙江大学的郑传祥教授,对于前人提出的挤压式莲子剥壳机原理进行了进一步的改进,从而在此基础上设计了一种更能适应生产实际的高效莲子剥壳机。

完善了挤压式的双辊技术。

利用高速刀具对莲子外壳进行切割、挤压使其脱壳,同时增加了脱壳切割的刀具数量,使其更适合机械该机型可以将莲子按照其颗粒大小分化生产[6-7]。

类后进行脱壳,使莲子生产实现在机械化的道路上向前迈进了一大步。

2.摩擦式莲子剥壳机旋转圆桶式脱壳机是比较早期的摩擦式剥壳机,其在中部旋转轴上装有盘形刀片,外桶固定在机架上,其内壁上衬有适当厚度的橡胶层。

莲子进入后,随旋转轴的带动,在内壁与转轴的刀片中滚动,莲壳在橡胶层的衬垫下被转动的盘形刀片切破,然后从其夹缝中掉出[5]。

但是由于被切破的莲壳均牢牢的粘附在莲肉上,为使莲壳与莲肉分离,还得专门设计一个搓壳机。

为了克服旋转圆桶式莲子脱壳机固有缺陷,在其基础上,6JD-400 型莲子剥壳机设计成三个加工段——破壳段、搓壳段及软搓壳段。

每小时每台可加工70 kg,脱壳率平均为75%以上,出莲肉完好率平均9 5% 以上,且筛分率大于90 %,莲子损害率小于 4 % 以下,但每副刀片使用5~ 6班需重磨一次[3]。

经生产实践表明,6JD-400 型莲子剥壳机性能稳定可靠,自动化程度高,便于操作。

在我国经济中,制造业是国家的支柱行业,占据国有经济的重要地位。

随着制造业的快速发展,机械工程技术也迎来了新的发展形势。

从目前机械工程技术的发展来看,在产品研发和生产制造中,机械工程技术正在缩小与国外发达国家的差距,在某些产品领域已经达到了世界领先水平。

花生脱壳机文献综述及外文翻译

花生脱壳机文献综述及外文翻译

郑州科技学院毕业论文(设计)文献综述题目名称花生去壳机的设计题目类别毕业设计系别机械工程系专业班级10机制本x班学生姓名xxx指导教师xxx完成日期 2014年3月10日花生脱壳机的设计摘要:我国加入WTO以来,国内外关于花生脱壳机机械的开发与推广应用日益增多,针对现有花生脱壳机机械存在的优点与不足,在未来的发展的过程中,对花生脱壳机机械在生产应用中的经验进行总结,不断完善其功能,使其呈现良好的发展势头。

关键词:箱体;机架;工艺;一,花生脱壳机的发展现状我国花生脱壳机的研制自1963年原八机部下达花生脱壳机的研制课题以来已有几十种花生脱壳机问世。

只进行单一脱壳功能的花生脱壳机结构简单、价格便宜、以小型家用为主的花生脱壳机在我国一些地区广泛应用,能够完成脱壳、分离、清选和分级功能的较大型花生脱壳机在一些大批量花生加工的企业中应用较为普遍。

国内现有的花生脱壳机种类很多,如6HB-6型花生剥壳机,6HB-20型花生剥壳机,6HB-2型花生脱壳机等,技术参数见附表,其作业效率为人工作业效率的20-60倍以上。

6HB-180型花生脱壳机械采用了三轧辊混合脱壳结构,能够进行二次脱壳。

而随着我国花生产业的进一步调整,花生产量逐年增加,花生的机械化脱壳程度将大幅提高,花生脱壳机械将拥有广阔的发展前景。

花生剥壳的原理很多,因此产生了很多种不同的花生剥壳机械。

花生剥壳部件是花生剥壳机的关键工作部件.剥壳部件的技术水平决定了机具作业刚花生仁破碎率、花生果一次剥净率及生产效率等重要的经济指标。

在目前的生产销售中,花生仁破碎率是社会最为关心的主要指标。

八十年代以前的花生剥壳机械,破碎率一般都大于8%有时高达15%以上。

加工出的花生仁,只能用来榨油,不能作种用.也达到出口标准。

为了降低破碎率而探讨新的剥壳原理,研制新式剥壳部件,便成为花生剥壳机械的重要研究课题。

从六十年代初,开始在我国出现了封闭式纹杆滚筒,栅条凹板式花生剥壳机。

破碎设备工作原理及介绍(中英文)

破碎设备工作原理及介绍(中英文)

设备外形尺寸和图片Overall dinension and picture of equipment振动给料机:GZD 系列振动给料机,是专为破碎筛分中粗破碎机前均匀输送大块物料而设计的新型振动给料机。

该振动给料机采用双偏心轴激振器的结构特点,保证设备能承受大块物料下落的冲击,给料能力大。

在生产流程中可以把块状、颗粒状物料从贮料仓中均匀、定时、连续地给到受料装置中去,从而防止受料装置因进料不均而产生死机的现象,延长了设备使用寿命。

振动给料机可分为钢板结构和篦条结构,钢板结构的给料机多用于砂石料生产线,将物料全部均匀地送入破碎设备;篦条结构的给料机可对物料进行粗筛分,使系统在配制上更经济合理,在破碎筛分中已作为必不可少的设备。

于是振动喂料机广泛应用于冶金、煤矿、选矿、建材、化工、磨料等行业的破碎、筛分联合设备中。

该系列振动喂料机振动平稳、工作可靠、噪声低、耗能小、、无冲料现象、寿命长、维护保养方便、分量轻、体积小、设备调节安装方便、综合性能好,当采用封闭式结构机身时可防止粉尘污染。

(1)、工作原理: GZD 系列振动给料机是由给料槽体、激振器、弹簧支座、传动装置等组成。

槽体振动给料的振动源是激振器,激振器是由两根偏心轴 (主、被动) 和齿轮副组成,由电动机通过三角带驱动主动轴,再由主动轴上齿轮啮合被动轴转动,主、被动轴同时反向旋转,使槽体振动,使物料连续不断流动,达到输送物料的目的。

GZD 系列振动给料机结构简单,喂料均匀,连续性能好,激振力可调;随时改变和控制流量,操作方便;偏心块为激振源,噪音低,耗电少,调节性能好,无冲料现象;若采用封闭式机身可防止粉尘污染振动平稳、工作可靠、寿命长;可以调节激振力,可随时改变和控制流量,调节方便稳定;振动机电为激振源,噪声低、耗电小、调节性能好,无冲料现象。

振动给料机结构简单、运行可靠、调节安装方便、分量轻、体积小、维护保养方便,当采用封闭式结构机身时可防止粉尘污染。

剥壳机原理

剥壳机原理

剥壳机原理
嘿,朋友们!今天咱来聊聊剥壳机原理呀!你说这剥壳机,就像是个勤劳的小工匠,专门对付那些硬壳子呢!
想象一下,那些带着硬壳的东西,就好像是一个个穿着铠甲的小战士,紧紧地把里面的宝贝藏起来。

而剥壳机呢,就是那个能把铠甲卸掉的高手。

它是怎么做到的呢?其实啊,就跟咱人剥壳差不多。

咱得找到壳的弱点,然后用合适的方法把它弄开。

剥壳机也是这样,它有各种巧妙的设计和部件,来对付不同的硬壳。

比如说,有的剥壳机有专门的刀具,就像是锋利的宝剑,一下子就能把壳切开。

这刀具可不能马虎,得又锋利又耐用,不然怎么能对付那些顽固的壳呢!还有的剥壳机呢,靠的是挤压的力量,就好像是一双有力的大手,把壳给挤破。

这得掌握好力度呀,太轻了壳不破,太重了说不定把里面的东西也给弄坏了。

你说这剥壳机神奇不神奇?它能把那么难弄的壳给弄掉,让里面的好东西露出来。

这就像是一个魔法师,变戏法一样把硬壳变没了!
咱生活中很多东西都需要剥壳呀,像花生、瓜子,还有各种坚果。

要是没有剥壳机,咱得费多大劲去剥呀!有了它,一下子就轻松多了。

而且你想想,要是没有剥壳机,那些生产这些带壳东西的厂家得费多少人力物力呀!工人们得一个一个地去剥壳,那得多累呀,还不一定能剥得干净。

有了剥壳机,一切都变得简单高效了。

剥壳机的存在,真的给我们的生活带来了很大的便利呢!它让我们能更轻松地享受那些美味的带壳食物,也让相关产业的发展更加顺利。

所以说呀,这看似不起眼的剥壳机,其实作用大着呢!它可不只是个冷冰冰的机器,它是我们生活中的好帮手呀!咱得好好珍惜它,让它为我们的生活继续贡献力量呢!你说是不是呀?。

剥壳(去皮)机械设备安全操作规程

剥壳(去皮)机械设备安全操作规程

剥壳(去皮)机械设备安全操作规程前言剥壳(去皮)机械设备是一种常用的农业机械设备,能够帮助农民在农作物的剥壳(去皮)过程中提高工作效率。

然而,由于该设备具有一定的危险性,如果不按照正确的操作流程进行操作,可能会导致严重的伤害事故。

因此,本文旨在通过制定安全操作规程,帮助操作人员正确使用剥壳(去皮)机械设备,确保其安全操作及使用。

机器基础知识机器构造剥壳(去皮)机械设备由上部分、中部分、下部分和电机组成。

其中,上部分包括主轴、振动器、剥壳(去皮)滚筒等部分;中部分包括传动轴、传动齿轮等部分;下部分包括机架、轮胎等部分。

机器工作原理当加工的物料进入机器时,剥壳(去皮)滚筒开始旋转,将物料从中间逼出到加壳区域,然后加工或剥皮削壳。

安全注意事项1. 使用前必须仔细检查机器各部位是否安装牢固,有无松动、破损等情况。

2. 操作前需清空机器,确保内部没有残余物料,避免产生危险。

3. 操作人员在机器作业时,应该戴上手套、口罩等防护用品,防范危险。

4. 机器操作过程中遇到异常情况,如机器异常震动、异响、电源故障等,应立即停机,检查原因并进行处理。

5. 操作人员在操作过程中,切勿将身体部位靠近机器滚筒或传动齿轮处。

操作流程1.准备工作1.1 操作人员需先仔细阅读机器的使用说明书,熟悉并理解机器构造和工作原理。

1.2 确保机器周围的工作环境清洁、整齐、光线充足。

1.3 根据需要调整机器的工作位置,确保机器稳固安装。

2.开机前检查2.1 检查电源插座是否接地,电源是否接通。

2.2 检查机器是否清洁干净,机器内部是否有残留物料。

2.3 检查机器各零部件是否安装牢固,有无松动、破损等情况。

2.4 勾上电机接线盒连接电源,确认电机是否悬空于地面上。

3.操作流程3.1 打开电源开关,按顺序操作机器,使其正常启动。

3.2 等待几分钟,确保机器正常运转后,再开始操作。

3.3 将待加工物料放入料斗中,注意不要过量装载,以免机器过载。

(机械制造行业)机械专业中英文对照-机械专业中英文对照

(机械制造行业)机械专业中英文对照-机械专业中英文对照

机械专业英语词汇陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry投影projection剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆racker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip-flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheel后角clearance angle龙门刨削planing主轴spindle主轴箱headstock卡盘chuck加工中心machining center车刀lathe tool车床lathe钻削镗削bore车削turning磨床grinder基准benchmark钳工locksmith锻forge压模stamping拉床broaching machine拉孔broaching装配assembling铸造found流体动力学fluid dynamics流体力学fluid mechanics加工machining液压hydraulic pressure切线tangent机电一体化mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration 气压air pressure pneumatic pressure稳定性stability介质medium液压驱动泵fluid clutch液压泵hydraulic pump阀门valve失效invalidation强度intensity载荷load应力stress安全系数safty factor可靠性reliability螺旋helix键spline销pin滚动轴承rolling bearing滑动轴承sliding bearing弹簧spring制动器arrester brake十字结联轴节crosshead联轴器coupling链chain皮带strap精加工finish machining粗加工rough machining变速箱体gearbox casing腐蚀rust氧化oxidation磨损wear耐用度durability随机信号random signal离散信号discrete signal超声传感器ultrasonic sensor集成电路integrate circuit挡板orifice plate残余应力residual stress套筒sleeve扭力torsion冷加工cold machining电动机electromotor汽缸cylinder过盈配合interference fit热加工hotwork摄像头CCD camera倒角rounding chamfer优化设计optimal design工业造型设计industrial moulding design有限元finite element滚齿hobbing插齿gear shaping伺服电机actuating motor铣床milling machine钻床drill machine镗床boring machine步进电机stepper motor丝杠screw rod导轨lead rail组件subassembly可编程序逻辑控制器Programmable Logic Controller PLC 电火花加工electric spark machining电火花线切割加工electrical discharge wire - cutting相图phase diagram热处理heat treatment固态相变solid state phase changes有色金属nonferrous metal陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫圈washer垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆racker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy 动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip-flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheelConveyer 流水线物料板Rivet table 拉钉机Screw driver 起子Pneumatic screw driver 气动起子worktable 工作桌OOBA 开箱检查fit together 组装在一起fasten 锁紧(螺丝)fixture 夹具(治具)pallet 栈板barcode 条码barcode scanner 条码扫描器fuse together 熔合fuse machine热熔机ME 制造工程师MT 制造生技cosmetic inspect 外观检查inner parts inspect 内部检查thumb screw 大头螺丝lbs. inch 镑、英寸EMI gasket 导电条front plate 前板rear plate 后板chassis 基座bezel panel 面板power button 电源按键reset button 重置键Hi-pot test of SPS 高源高压测试Voltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts 塑胶件SOP 制造作业程序material check list 物料检查表work cell 工作间trolley 台车carton 纸箱sub-line 支线left fork 叉车personnel resource department 人力资源部production department生产部门planning department企划部QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂painting factory烤漆厂molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备uncoiler and straightener整平机punching machine 冲床robot机械手hydraulic machine油压机lathe车床planer |plein|刨床miller铣床grinder磨床linear cutting线切割electrical sparkle电火花staker=reviting machine铆合机position职务president董事长general manager总经理special assistant manager特助factory director厂长department director部长deputy manager | =vice manager副理section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长line supervisor线长assistant manager助理to move, to carry, to handle搬运be put in storage入库pack packing包装to apply oil擦油to file burr 锉毛刺final inspection终检to connect material接料to reverse material 翻料wet station沾湿台Tiana天那水cleaning cloth抹布to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped |\\'skr?pid|报废scrape ..v.刮;削deficient purchase来料不良manufacture procedure制程deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良oxidation |\\' ksi\\'dei?n|氧化scratch刮伤dents压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良defective to staking铆合不良embedded lump镶块feeding is not in place送料不到位stamping-missing漏冲production capacity生产力education and training教育与训练proposal improvement提案改善spare parts=buffer备件forklift叉车trailer=long vehicle拖板车compound die合模die locker锁模器pressure plate=plate pinch压板administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic screwdriver电动启子thickness gauge厚薄规gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线buzzle蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签identifying sheet list标示单location地点present members出席人员conclusion结论decision items决议事项responsible department负责单位pre-fixed finishing date预定完成日approved by / checked by / prepared by核准/审核/承办PCE assembly production schedule sheet PCE组装厂生产排配表model机锺work order工令revision版次production control confirmation生产确认approved by核准stock age analysis sheet 库存货龄分析表on-hand inventory现有库存available material良品可使用obsolete material良品已呆滞to be inspected or reworked 待验或重工cause description原因说明prepared by制表notes说明year-end physical inventory difference analysis sheet 年终盘点差异分析表physical inventory盘点数量physical count quantity帐面数量difference quantity差异量cause analysis原因分析finished product成品semi-finished product半成品packing materials包材good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods处理品warehouse/hub仓库on way location在途仓oversea location海外仓spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单spare molds location模具备品仓skid/pallet栈板tox machine自铆机wire EDM线割EDM放电机coil stock卷料sheet stock片料tolerance工差score=groove压线cam block滑块pilot导正筒trim剪外边pierce剪内边drag form压锻差pocket for the punch head挂钩槽slug hole废料孔feature die公母模expansion dwg展开图radius半径shim(wedge)楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割set screw止付螺丝form block折刀stop pin定位销round pierce punch=die button圆冲子shape punch=die insert异形子stock locater block定位块under cut=scrap chopper清角active plate活动板baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板male die公模female die母模groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套insert 入块club car高尔夫球车capability能力parameter参数factor系数phosphate皮膜化成viscosity涂料粘度alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉bezel斜视规blanking穿落模dejecting顶固模demagnetization去磁;消磁high-speed transmission高速传递heat dissipation热传rack上料degrease脱脂rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬desmut剥黑膜D.I. rinse纯水次Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理revision版次part number/P/N料号good products良品scraped products报放心品defective products不良品finished products成品disposed products处理品barcode条码flow chart流程表单assembly组装stamping冲压molding成型spare parts=buffer备品coordinate座标dismantle the die折模auxiliary fuction辅助功能poly-line多义线heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶sand blasting喷沙grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave凸convex凹short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕??shine亮班splay 银纹gas mark焦痕delamination起鳞cold slug冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金lathe车mill锉plane刨grind磨drill铝boring镗blinster气泡fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式voller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂bracket小磁导liaison联络单volatile挥发性resistance电阻ion离子titrator滴定仪beacon警示灯coolant冷却液crusher破碎机阿基米德蜗杆Archimedes worm安全系数safety factor; factor of safety 安全载荷safe load凹面、凹度concavity扳手wrench板簧flat leaf spring半圆键woodruff key变形deformation摆杆oscillating bar摆动从动件oscillating follower摆动从动件凸轮机构cam with oscillating follower 摆动导杆机构oscillating guide-bar mechanism 摆线齿轮cycloidal gear摆线齿形cycloidal tooth profile摆线运动规律cycloidal motion摆线针轮cycloidal-pin wheel包角angle of contact保持架cage背对背安装back-to-back arrangement背锥back cone ;normal cone背锥角back angle背锥距back cone distance比例尺scale比热容specific heat capacity闭式链closed kinematic chain闭链机构closed chain mechanism臂部arm变频器frequency converters变频调速frequency control of motor speed变速speed change变速齿轮change gear change wheel变位齿轮modified gear变位系数modification coefficient标准齿轮standard gear标准直齿轮standard spur gear表面质量系数superficial mass factor表面传热系数surface coefficient of heat transfer 表面粗糙度surface roughness并联式组合combination in parallel并联机构parallel mechanism并联组合机构parallel combined mechanism并行工程concurrent engineering并行设计concurred design, CD不平衡相位phase angle of unbalance不平衡imbalance (or unbalance)不平衡量amount of unbalance不完全齿轮机构intermittent gearing波发生器wave generator波数number of waves补偿compensation参数化设计parameterization design, PD残余应力residual stress操纵及控制装置operation control device槽轮Geneva wheel槽轮机构Geneva mechanism ;Maltese cross槽数Geneva numerate槽凸轮groove cam侧隙backlash差动轮系differential gear train差动螺旋机构differential screw mechanism差速器differential常用机构conventional mechanism; mechanism in common use 车床lathe承载量系数bearing capacity factor承载能力bearing capacity成对安装paired mounting尺寸系列dimension series齿槽tooth space齿槽宽spacewidth齿侧间隙backlash齿顶高addendum齿顶圆addendum circle齿根高dedendum齿根圆dedendum circle齿厚tooth thickness齿距circular pitch齿宽face width齿廓tooth profile齿廓曲线tooth curve齿轮gear齿轮变速箱speed-changing gear boxes齿轮齿条机构pinion and rack齿轮插刀pinion cutter; pinion-shaped shaper cutter齿轮滚刀hob ,hobbing cutter齿轮机构gear齿轮轮坯blank齿轮传动系pinion unit齿轮联轴器gear coupling齿条传动rack gear齿数tooth number齿数比gear ratio齿条插刀rack cutter; rack-shaped shaper cutter齿形链、无声链silent chain齿形系数form factor齿式棘轮机构tooth ratchet mechanism插齿机gear shaper重合点coincident points重合度contact ratio冲床punch传动比transmission ratio, speed ratio传动装置gearing; transmission gear传动系统driven system传动角transmission angle传动轴transmission shaft串联式组合combination in series串联式组合机构series combined mechanism串级调速cascade speed control创新innovation creation创新设计creation design垂直载荷、法向载荷normal load唇形橡胶密封lip rubber seal磁流体轴承magnetic fluid bearing从动带轮driven pulley从动件driven link, follower从动件平底宽度width of flat-face从动件停歇follower dwell从动件运动规律follower motion从动轮driven gear粗线bold line粗牙螺纹coarse thread大齿轮gear wheel打包机packer打滑slipping带传动belt driving带轮belt pulley带式制动器band brake单列轴承single row bearing单向推力轴承single-direction thrust bearing单万向联轴节single universal joint单位矢量unit vector当量齿轮equivalent spur gear; virtual gear当量齿数equivalent teeth number; virtual number of teeth 当量摩擦系数equivalent coefficient of friction当量载荷equivalent load导数derivative倒角chamfer导热性conduction of heat导程lead导程角lead angle等加等减速运动规律parabolic motion; constant acceleration and deceleration motion 等速运动规律uniform motion; constant velocity motion等径凸轮conjugate yoke radial cam等宽凸轮constant-breadth cam等效构件equivalent link等效力equivalent force等效力矩equivalent moment of force等效量equivalent等效质量equivalent mass等效转动惯量equivalent moment of inertia等效动力学模型dynamically equivalent model底座chassis低副lower pair点划线chain dotted line(疲劳)点蚀pitting垫圈gasket垫片密封gasket seal碟形弹簧belleville spring顶隙bottom clearance定轴轮系ordinary gear train; gear train with fixed axes动力学dynamics动密封kinematical seal动能dynamic energy动力粘度dynamic viscosity动力润滑dynamic lubrication动平衡dynamic balance动平衡机dynamic balancing machine动态特性dynamic characteristics动态分析设计dynamic analysis design动压力dynamic reaction动载荷dynamic load端面transverse plane端面参数transverse parameters端面齿距transverse circular pitch端面齿廓transverse tooth profile端面重合度transverse contact ratio端面模数transverse module端面压力角transverse pressure angle对称循环应力symmetry circulating stress对心滚子从动件radial (or in-line ) roller follower对心直动从动件radial (or in-line ) translating follower对心移动从动件radial reciprocating follower对心曲柄滑块机构in-line slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism 多列轴承multi-row bearing多楔带poly V-belt多项式运动规律polynomial motion多质量转子rotor with several masses惰轮idle gear额定寿命rating life额定载荷load ratingII 级杆组dyad发生线generating line发生面generating plane法面normal plane法面参数normal parameters法面齿距normal circular pitch法面模数normal module法面压力角normal pressure angle法向齿距normal pitch法向齿廓normal tooth profile法向直廓蜗杆straight sided normal worm法向力normal force反馈式组合feedback combining反向运动学inverse ( or backward) kinematics反转法kinematic inversion反正切Arctan范成法generating cutting仿形法form cutting方案设计、概念设计concept design, CD防振装置shockproof device飞轮flywheel飞轮矩moment of flywheel非标准齿轮nonstandard gear非接触式密封non-contact seal非周期性速度波动aperiodic speed fluctuation非圆齿轮non-circular gear粉末合金powder metallurgy分度线reference line; standard pitch line分度圆reference circle; standard (cutting) pitch circle分度圆柱导程角lead angle at reference cylinder分度圆柱螺旋角helix angle at reference cylinder分母denominator分子numerator分度圆锥reference cone; standard pitch cone 分析法analytical method封闭差动轮系planetary differential复合铰链compound hinge复合式组合compound combining复合轮系compound (or combined) gear train 复合平带compound flat belt复合应力combined stress复式螺旋机构Compound screw mechanism复杂机构complex mechanism杆组Assur group干涉interference刚度系数stiffness coefficient刚轮rigid circular spline钢丝软轴wire soft shaft刚体导引机构body guidance mechanism刚性冲击rigid impulse (shock)刚性转子rigid rotor刚性轴承rigid bearing刚性联轴器rigid coupling高度系列height series高速带high speed belt高副higher pair格拉晓夫定理Grashoff`s law根切undercutting公称直径nominal diameter高度系列height series功work工况系数application factor工艺设计technological design工作循环图working cycle diagram工作机构operation mechanism工作载荷external loads工作空间working space工作应力working stress工作阻力effective resistance工作阻力矩effective resistance moment公法线common normal line公共约束general constraint公制齿轮metric gears功率power功能分析设计function analyses design共轭齿廓conjugate profiles共轭凸轮conjugate cam构件link鼓风机blower固定构件fixed link; frame固体润滑剂solid lubricant关节型操作器jointed manipulator惯性力inertia force惯性力矩moment of inertia ,shaking moment 惯性力平衡balance of shaking force惯性力完全平衡full balance of shaking force惯性力部分平衡partial balance of shaking force 惯性主矩resultant moment of inertia惯性主失resultant vector of inertia冠轮crown gear广义机构generation mechanism广义坐标generalized coordinate轨迹生成path generation轨迹发生器path generator滚刀hob滚道raceway滚动体rolling element滚动轴承rolling bearing滚动轴承代号rolling bearing identification code 滚针needle roller滚针轴承needle roller bearing滚子roller滚子轴承roller bearing滚子半径radius of roller滚子从动件roller follower滚子链roller chain滚子链联轴器double roller chain coupling滚珠丝杆ball screw滚柱式单向超越离合器roller clutch过度切割undercutting函数发生器function generator函数生成function generation含油轴承oil bearing耗油量oil consumption耗油量系数oil consumption factor赫兹公式H. Hertz equation合成弯矩resultant bending moment合力resultant force合力矩resultant moment of force横坐标abscissa互换性齿轮interchangeable gears花键spline滑键、导键feather key滑动轴承sliding bearing滑动率sliding ratio滑块slider环面蜗杆toroid helicoids worm环形弹簧annular spring缓冲装置shocks; shock-absorber灰铸铁grey cast iron回程return回转体平衡balance of rotors混合轮系compound gear train积分integrate机电一体化系统设计mechanical-electrical integration system design 机构mechanism机构分析analysis of mechanism机构平衡balance of mechanism机构学mechanism机构运动设计kinematic design of mechanism机构运动简图kinematic sketch of mechanism机构综合synthesis of mechanism机构组成constitution of mechanism机架frame, fixed link机架变换kinematic inversion机器machine机器人robot机器人操作器manipulator机器人学robotics技术过程technique process技术经济评价technical and economic evaluation技术系统technique system机械machinery机械创新设计mechanical creation design, MCD机械系统设计mechanical system design, MSD机械动力分析dynamic analysis of machinery机械动力设计dynamic design of machinery机械动力学dynamics of machinery机械的现代设计modern machine design机械系统mechanical system机械利益mechanical advantage机械平衡balance of machinery机械设计machine design; mechanical design机械特性mechanical behavior机械调速mechanical speed governors机械效率mechanical efficiency机械原理theory of machines and mechanisms机械运转不均匀系数coefficient of speed fluctuation机械无级变速mechanical stepless speed changes基础机构fundamental mechanism基本额定寿命basic rating life基于实例设计case-based design,CBD基圆base circle基圆半径radius of base circle基圆齿距base pitch基圆压力角pressure angle of base circle基圆柱base cylinder基圆锥base cone急回机构quick-return mechanism急回特性quick-return characteristics急回系数advance-to return-time ratio急回运动quick-return motion棘轮ratchet棘轮机构ratchet mechanism棘爪pawl极限位置extreme (or limiting) position极位夹角crank angle between extreme (or limiting) positions计算机辅助设计computer aided design, CAD计算机辅助制造computer aided manufacturing, CAM计算机集成制造系统computer integrated manufacturing system, CIMS 计算力矩factored moment; calculation moment计算弯矩calculated bending moment加权系数weighting efficient加速度acceleration加速度分析acceleration analysis加速度曲线acceleration diagram尖点pointing; cusp尖底从动件knife-edge follower间隙backlash间歇运动机构intermittent motion mechanism减速比reduction ratio减速齿轮、减速装置reduction gear减速器speed reducer减摩性anti-friction quality渐开螺旋面involute helicoid渐开线齿廓involute profile渐开线齿轮involute gear渐开线发生线generating line of involute渐开线方程involute equation渐开线函数involute function渐开线蜗杆involute worm渐开线压力角pressure angle of involute渐开线花键involute spline简谐运动simple harmonic motion键key键槽keyway交变应力repeated stress交变载荷repeated fluctuating load交叉带传动cross-belt drive交错轴斜齿轮crossed helical gears胶合scoring角加速度angular acceleration角速度angular velocity角速比angular velocity ratio角接触球轴承angular contact ball bearing角接触推力轴承angular contact thrust bearing 角接触向心轴承angular contact radial bearing 角接触轴承angular contact bearing铰链、枢纽hinge校正平面correcting plane接触应力contact stress接触式密封contact seal阶梯轴multi-diameter shaft结构structure结构设计structural design截面section节点pitch point节距circular pitch; pitch of teeth节线pitch line节圆pitch circle节圆齿厚thickness on pitch circle节圆直径pitch diameter节圆锥pitch cone节圆锥角pitch cone angle解析设计analytical design紧边tight-side紧固件fastener径节diametral pitch径向radial direction径向当量动载荷dynamic equivalent radial load径向当量静载荷static equivalent radial load径向基本额定动载荷basic dynamic radial load rating 径向基本额定静载荷basic static radial load tating径向接触轴承radial contact bearing径向平面radial plane径向游隙radial internal clearance径向载荷radial load径向载荷系数radial load factor径向间隙clearance静力static force静平衡static balance静载荷static load静密封static seal局部自由度passive degree of freedom矩阵matrix矩形螺纹square threaded form锯齿形螺纹buttress thread form矩形牙嵌式离合器square-jaw positive-contact clutch 绝对尺寸系数absolute dimensional factor绝对运动absolute motion绝对速度absolute velocity均衡装置load balancing mechanism抗压强度compression strength开口传动open-belt drive开式链open kinematic chain开链机构open chain mechanism可靠度degree of reliability可靠性reliability可靠性设计reliability design, RD空气弹簧air spring空间机构spatial mechanism空间连杆机构spatial linkage空间凸轮机构spatial cam空间运动副spatial kinematic pair空间运动链spatial kinematic chain空转idle宽度系列width series框图block diagram雷诺方程Reynolds‘s equation离心力centrifugal force离心应力centrifugal stress离合器clutch离心密封centrifugal seal理论廓线pitch curve理论啮合线theoretical line of action隶属度membership力force力多边形force polygon力封闭型凸轮机构force-drive (or force-closed) cam mechanism 力矩moment力平衡equilibrium力偶couple力偶矩moment of couple连杆connecting rod, coupler连杆机构linkage连杆曲线coupler-curve连心线line of centers链chain链传动装置chain gearing链轮sprocket sprocket-wheel sprocket gear chain wheel联组V 带tight-up V belt联轴器coupling shaft coupling两维凸轮two-dimensional cam临界转速critical speed六杆机构six-bar linkage龙门刨床double Haas planer轮坯blank轮系gear train螺杆screw螺距thread pitch螺母screw nut螺旋锥齿轮helical bevel gear螺钉screws螺栓bolts螺纹导程lead螺纹效率screw efficiency螺旋传动power screw螺旋密封spiral seal螺纹thread (of a screw)螺旋副helical pair螺旋机构screw mechanism螺旋角helix angle螺旋线helix ,helical line绿色设计green design design for environment马耳他机构Geneva wheel Geneva gear马耳他十字Maltese cross脉动无级变速pulsating stepless speed changes脉动循环应力fluctuating circulating stress脉动载荷fluctuating load铆钉rivet迷宫密封labyrinth seal密封seal密封带seal belt密封胶seal gum密封元件potted component密封装置sealing arrangement面对面安装face-to-face arrangement面向产品生命周期设计design for product`s life cycle, DPLC 名义应力、公称应力nominal stress模块化设计modular design, MD模块式传动系统modular system模幅箱morphology box模糊集fuzzy set模糊评价fuzzy evaluation模数module摩擦friction摩擦角friction angle摩擦力friction force摩擦学设计tribology design, TD摩擦阻力frictional resistance摩擦力矩friction moment摩擦系数coefficient of friction摩擦圆friction circle磨损abrasion wear; scratching末端执行器end-effector目标函数objective function耐腐蚀性corrosion resistance耐磨性wear resistance挠性机构mechanism with flexible elements挠性转子flexible rotor内齿轮internal gear内齿圈ring gear内力internal force内圈inner ring能量energy能量指示图viscosity逆时针counterclockwise (or anticlockwise)啮出engaging-out啮合engagement, mesh, gearing啮合点contact points啮合角working pressure angle啮合线line of action啮合线长度length of line of action啮入engaging-in牛头刨床shaper凝固点freezing point; solidifying point扭转应力torsion stress扭矩moment of torque扭簧helical torsion spring诺模图NomogramO 形密封圈密封O ring seal盘形凸轮disk cam盘形转子disk-like rotor抛物线运动parabolic motion疲劳极限fatigue limit疲劳强度fatigue strength偏置式offset偏( 心) 距offset distance偏心率eccentricity ratio偏心质量eccentric mass偏距圆offset circle偏心盘eccentric偏置滚子从动件offset roller follower偏置尖底从动件offset knife-edge follower偏置曲柄滑块机构offset slider-crank mechanism 拼接matching评价与决策evaluation and decision频率frequency平带flat belt平带传动flat belt driving平底从动件flat-face follower平底宽度face width平分线bisector平均应力average stress平均中径mean screw diameter平均速度average velocity平衡balance平衡机balancing machine平衡品质balancing quality平衡平面correcting plane平衡质量balancing mass平衡重counterweight平衡转速balancing speed平面副planar pair, flat pair平面机构planar mechanism平面运动副planar kinematic pair平面连杆机构planar linkage平面凸轮planar cam平面凸轮机构planar cam mechanism平面轴斜齿轮parallel helical gears普通平键parallel key其他常用机构other mechanism in common use起动阶段starting period启动力矩starting torque气动机构pneumatic mechanism奇异位置singular position起始啮合点initial contact , beginning of contact气体轴承gas bearing千斤顶jack嵌入键sunk key强迫振动forced vibration切齿深度depth of cut曲柄crank曲柄存在条件Grashoff`s law曲柄导杆机构crank shaper (guide-bar) mechanism曲柄滑块机构slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism 曲柄摇杆机构crank-rocker mechanism曲齿锥齿轮spiral bevel gear曲率curvature曲率半径radius of curvature曲面从动件curved-shoe follower曲线拼接curve matching曲线运动curvilinear motion曲轴crank shaft驱动力driving force驱动力矩driving moment (torque)全齿高whole depth权重集weight sets球ball球面滚子convex roller球轴承ball bearing球面副spheric pair球面渐开线spherical involute球面运动spherical motion球销副sphere-pin pair球坐标操作器polar coordinate manipulator燃点spontaneous ignition热平衡heat balance; thermal equilibrium人字齿轮herringbone gear冗余自由度redundant degree of freedom柔轮flexspline柔性冲击flexible impulse; soft shock柔性制造系统flexible manufacturing system; FMS柔性自动化flexible automation润滑油膜lubricant film润滑装置lubrication device润滑lubrication润滑剂lubricant三角形花键serration spline三角形螺纹V thread screw三维凸轮three-dimensional cam三心定理Kennedy`s theorem砂轮越程槽grinding wheel groove砂漏hour-glass少齿差行星传动planetary drive with small teeth difference 设计方法学design methodology设计变量design variable设计约束design constraints深沟球轴承deep groove ball bearing生产阻力productive resistance升程rise升距lift实际廓线cam profile十字滑块联轴器double slider coupling; Oldham‘s coupling 矢量vector输出功output work输出构件output link输出机构output mechanism输出力矩output torque输出轴output shaft输入构件input link数学模型mathematic model实际啮合线actual line of action双滑块机构double-slider mechanism, ellipsograph双曲柄机构double crank mechanism双曲面齿轮hyperboloid gear双头螺柱studs双万向联轴节constant-velocity (or double) universal joint 双摇杆机构double rocker mechanism双转块机构Oldham coupling双列轴承double row bearing双向推力轴承double-direction thrust bearing。

施工机械英文简介

施工机械英文简介

建筑施工机械设备英文简介Glossary for Construction MachineryBulldozer 推土机Bulldozer is a heavy driver operated machine used for grading and clearing lands. It is fitted with dozer blade and is usually mounted on tracks.Crawlers 履带Crawler is a track on which vehicles are mounted. Crawler helps the vehicle to operate in tough geographical condition.Conveyor Belt 输送带Conveyor belts are the belts that are used for moving industrial and agricultural products. It consists of two pulleys with continuous loop of materials that rotates about them.Compactors Machineries压实机used for reducing the size of the waste materials through compaction is called as compactors. There are different types of compactors like soil compactors, asphalt compactors, plate compactors, vibratory plate compactors, etc.Dumpers 翻斗车Dumper is a small vehicle usually diesel powered usually used to carry heavy materials to various construction sites like roads, buildings, ports etc.Earth Moving Machines 挖掘设备Earth moving machines are those heavy and light machines that are used for various civil engineering and construction projects. The popular earth moving machines are excavators, loaders, cranes, bulldozers etc.Excavators 挖掘机Excavators are multi usage vehicles that are used for excavating, digging, loading of materials and small demolition. It has a replaceable buckets which can be replaced by auger, grapples, breakers and are generally mounted on the track.Fork Lift叉车Fork lift is an industrial vehicle which is mainly applied for lifting and moving materials through steel forks which is inserted under the loads. Forklift moves the loads which are stored on pallets.Gantry Cranes 起重机Gantry cranes are heavy machines that are used for moving heavy loads. Gantry cranes can be of different types like single girder, double girder, double leg, single leg, and cantilever styles for indoor or outdoor service.Girder 撑柱A girder is a horizontal structure that are aligned in such a fashion as to support vertical loads.Hoist 卷扬机Hoist is a device normally attached with cranes and is used for raising and lowering of heavy or complex objects. Normally it is attached with cranes.Loaders 装载机Loaders are those machines which are either mounted on wheel or track and use a wide tilting bucket on the end of movable arms to lift and move materials.Material Handling Machines 材料装卸机Machines used for transporting and storage of materials both within the jobsite and outside, is called as material handler. The popular examples of material handlers are cranes, trucks, loaders, dumpers, etc.Scrapers 铲运机Scrapers are those mechanical equipments which are used for digging, excavating and hauling of materials.Scaffolding 脚手架A temporary framework which is used to support people and material for the construction of large structures is called as scaffolding. It is either made up of metal pipes or bamboo. It helps the workers to gain access to high levels safely.Trenchers 挖沟机Trenchers are the machines which are responsible for digging trenches. With attachments like backhoes, saws and reel carriers, trenchers are responsible for landscaping, irrigation, plumbing and underground utility construction etc.Articulated Haulers 铰接牵引车An articulated hauler is one of the most versatile piece of equipment which is a transition between a tractor-trailer and an articulated loader. The strength of an articulated hauler lies in the coupling and drive systems. Power and drive sections moves independently of the load section due to the coupling system. The two sections are attached together through an oscillating system which allows the two units to move in a rolling motion around its centerline.Articulated haulers have good load carrying capacity and its body is wide and open to facilitate loading from excavators and wheel loaders. They are also very maneuverable to load from fixed loading facilities.Chip Spreader 石屑撒布机A chip spreader is a unique self-propelled machine for laying of precoated chipping surface treatments provides long-time conservation and maintenance of the roads. Roads once constructed needs constant repair as it is prone to wear and tear due to weather influence and rolling traffics. A chip spreader through chip sealing gives special protective wearing surface to an existing pavement. For maintaining the quality and giving the roads a long-lasting effect, stone chipping is one of the most effective method and this is done by a chip spreader.Tracked Carriers 履带运输机Tracked carriers are the multipurpose vehicles used to transport materials from one site to other. These tracked carriers are either dumpers or loaders or any other vehicles. The tracked carrier varies in size depending upon the task they have to perform. Since these carriers are mounted on the tracks they can function in every terrain. Many track carrier have hydrostatic transmissions andhydraulics due to which they can operated with ease even in the most demanding conditions.Motor Graders平地机A motor grader is a huge productive earth-moving apparatus which is used to level a surface. It is used for the leveling of roads and construction sites. The motor grader, apart from hauling road construction, is also responsible for the maintenance and soft grading of cell floor liners.Concrete Batching Plant混凝土搅拌站Concretes are the most important raw materials for constructing buildings, roads, dams and other infrastructures. Concrete batching plants are those plants which uses sand, gravel, cement, water, and other materials for producing concretes. These plants are either mobile or stationary.Crushing Plants 粉碎场Crushing plants are the huge assembly of machines designed to recycle and reprocess the rubbles of buildings, roads, or other materials into commercially sized aggregate for use as base material or another value-added applications. Crushing plants are either static assemblies or they are mobile assemblies and consists of different arrays of equipments like screens, prescreener, intake hopper, magnetic separator, conveyor both undersized and oversized, loading conveyor and crushing units like jaw crusher, cone crusher etc.。

外文翻译--马铃薯研磨去皮机中文版

外文翻译--马铃薯研磨去皮机中文版

外文翻译--马铃薯研磨去皮机中文版马铃薯研磨去皮机摘要不管任何形式的马铃薯加工,去皮都是一项重要的操作环节。

因此,根据不同需求,开发了一系列的马铃薯去皮机。

它们的性能也被不断的评估。

马铃薯研磨去皮机的主要部件由去皮鼓和喷水管组成。

去皮鼓安装在工作圆筒内表面的突起处,它主要靠旋转产生与马铃薯的摩擦力从而达到去皮的目地。

而喷水管喷洒出水来冲洗去皮后的马铃薯,同时皮屑经过排渣管随水流一并流出工作圆筒。

去皮机的生产能力是100kg/h,损耗率是78%—6%之间。

一台附带电动机的马铃薯研磨去皮机的售价大致为250美元。

它适合薯片和其它产品的小型去皮加工。

去皮加工一吨马铃薯的加工费用只需3.85美元。

符号标志D 物料的当量直径(mm) epL,B,T 长度,宽度,物料厚度(mm)去皮效率(,) ,P 功率(,)Q 物料负载容量(,,)r 半径(mm)t 去皮时间(min)损耗率(,) ,填充系数 ,简介在意大利马铃薯一年的总产量大约为15.000.000吨。

但由于缺乏合适的储藏设备,马铃薯的实际产量有着不同程度的减少。

因此用适当的加工技术和设备将马铃薯制造成食品不仅能帮助减少每年马铃薯的产量损失,同时还能提高收益,增加农村或落后地区的就业机会。

对马铃薯任何形式的进一步加工,去皮都是一个重要的操作环节。

在意大利薯片是一种非常流行的快餐食品。

为了将马铃薯加工成片状,对它的重要预处理操作就是去皮和清洗。

手工去皮是一种传统的加工方式,但这种去皮方式很枯燥和耗费时间,而且马铃薯的营养价值也损耗比较大。

可是,马铃薯加工产业所使用的蒸汽去皮法也不可取。

因为在蒸汽去皮过程中,环状蒸汽在马铃薯的下表面作用,但由于缺乏薄纱的保护以及各种酶作用的化学反应,不推荐使用这种加工方法加工薯片。

基于以上的各种原因,利用研磨原理的马铃薯去皮机被大力的推广。

基于以上的情况,一系列功率类型的马铃薯研磨去皮机被开发和评估。

这种去皮机的重要性在这篇文章中也将得到阐述。

脱皮机设计说明书

脱皮机设计说明书

ANYANG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 本科毕业设计说明书杏(花生)仁脱皮机的设计The Peeling Machine Designof Almond(Peanuts)系(院)名称:机械工程系专业班级: 08机制专升本4班学生姓名:田卫星学生学号:200801100047指导教师姓名:张运真指导教师职称:讲师2010年5 月毕业设计(论文)原创性声明和使用授权说明原创性声明本人郑重承诺:所呈交的毕业设计(论文),是我个人在指导教师的指导下进行的研究工作及取得的成果。

尽我所知,除文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外,不包含其他人或组织已经发表或公布过的研究成果,也不包含我为获得安阳工学院及其它教育机构的学位或学历而使用过的材料。

对本研究提供过帮助和做出过贡献的个人或集体,均已在文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。

作者签名:日期:指导教师签名:日期:使用授权说明本人完全了解安阳工学院关于收集、保存、使用毕业设计(论文)的规定,即:按照学校要求提交毕业设计(论文)的印刷本和电子版本;学校有权保存毕业设计(论文)的印刷本和电子版,并提供目录检索与阅览服务;学校可以采用影印、缩印、数字化或其它复制手段保存论文;在不以赢利为目的前提下,学校可以公布论文的部分或全部内容。

作者签名:日期:目录中文摘要、关键词.......................................................... 错误!未定义书签。

英文摘要、关键词.......................................................... 错误!未定义书签。

引言...................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。

第1章综述 ..................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。

核桃剥壳机说明书

核桃剥壳机说明书

一、摘要本次毕业设计是关于核桃剥壳机的设计。

首先对核桃剥壳机作了简单的概述;接着分析了各部分元件、零件的选型原则及计算方法;然后根据这些设计准则与计算选型方法按照给定参数要求进行选型设计;接着对所选择的各主要零部件进行了校核。

本次设计主要由上料装置、分类装置、传送装置、剥壳通道、主体钢结构、剥壳轮、动力源装置等部件组成。

最后简单的说明了安装与维护。

目前,核桃剥壳机主要具备结构紧凑、操作简便、性能稳定可靠、核桃仁破碎率低、分选好、损失率低等优点。

为了更好的满足实际工作要求,设计者们还应努力尝试设计出能应对多种核桃外形、实现最大自动化生产的机械设备。

近年来出现各种功能独特的食品机械,在这方面我国与国外先进水平的差距确实存在,但是正在不断缩小。

国内在设计制造特种食品机械的过程中也积累了大量的实际经验。

本次核桃剥壳机设计代表了设计的一般过程, 难免存在各种纰漏、失误。

权当一次难得的实践过程,希望对今后的选型设计工作有一定的参考和借鉴价值。

关键词:核桃剥壳机;选型设计;主要部件;养护维修。

二、AbstractThis graduation design is the design of the walnut shelling machine. First of all on the walnut sheller is summarized; and then analyzed the selection principle and the calculation method of each part of components and parts; and then according to these design criteria and selection calculation method according to the givenparameters selection design; then the checking computations about main component parts selection. This design is mainly composed of feeding device, transmission device, and classification device, channel, the main steel structure, shucking wheel, power source device and other components. Finally, a simple description of the installation and maintenance.At present, the walnut shelling machine has compact structure, easy operation, stable and reliable performance, walnut kernel broken rate is low, good sorting, loss rate etc.. In order to better meet the requirements of practical work, the designer should also try to design a mechanical equipment automation production to the various shape, walnut. Mechanical food unique function in recent years, the domestic and foreign advanced level gap exists, but is shrinking. In the process of design and manufacture of special domestic food machinery has accumulated lots of experience.The walnut sheller design represents the general process of design, there are all kinds of loopholes and errors inevitably. As a rare practice, hope to have the certain reference value to the selection of the design in the future.Keywords: Walnut peeling machine; design; components; maintenance.三、目录一、摘要 (1)二、Abstract (2)三、目录 (3)四、绪论 (5)(一)原始参数 (5)(二)设计解决的问题 (6)五、核桃剥壳机设计概述 (7)(一)核桃剥壳机主传动部分(上料、分类、传送、通道、钢结构、剥壳轮、动力源、传动轴)的工作原理 (7)1.上料装置 (8)2.分类装置 (8)3.传送装置 (8)4.剥壳通道 (8)5.主体钢结构 (8)6.动力源 (8)7.剥壳轮 (9)8.传动轴 (9)(二)核桃剥壳机的工艺原理 (9)六、核桃剥壳机的设计计算 (10)(一)已知原始数据及工作条件 (10)(二)计算步骤 (10)1.外形尺寸的确定: (10)2.皮带轮驱动力计算 (10)3.传动功率计算 (13)4.电动机功率计算 (13)5.传动皮带张力计算 (14)6.皮带轮最大扭矩计算 (14)7.万向脚轮 (14)8.轴的作用及类型 (18)9.轴与剥壳轮的配合结构 (22)10.轴的计算及校核: (23)11.轮的计算与校核 (27)12.减速机的选用 (32)13.制动装置 (35)七、电气及安全保护装置 (36)八、结论 (37)九、致谢 (38)十、参考文献 (39)四、绪论顾名思义,核桃剥壳机是对核桃进行挤压、碾碎等操作以达到剥壳处理的机械设备。

剥壳机功率单位

剥壳机功率单位

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文档下载后可定制随意修改,请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用,谢谢!并且,本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料,如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等,如想了解不同资料格式和写法,敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by the editor. I hope that after you download them, they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types of practical materials, such as educational essays, diary appreciation, sentence excerpts, ancient poems, classic articles, topic composition, work summary, word parsing, copy excerpts,other materials and so on, want to know different data formats and writing methods, please pay attention!剥壳机是一种常见的农业机械设备,用于去除谷物和豆类等农作物的外壳,提高作物的加工效率和降低劳动成本。

机械破壳机结构、工作原理及应用

机械破壳机结构、工作原理及应用

基金项目:河南省重大科技专项(编号:221100110800)作者简介:何婷,女,河南科技大学在读硕士研究生.通信作者:任广跃(1971 ),男,河南科技大学教授,博士.E Gm a i l :g u a n g y u e ya o @163.c o m 收稿日期:2022G11G18㊀㊀改回日期:2023G05G04D O I :10.13652/j .s p jx .1003.5788.2022.80985[文章编号]1003G5788(2023)07G0215G08机械破壳机结构㊁工作原理及应用S t r u c t u r e ,w o r k i n gp r i n c i p l ea n da p pl i c a t i o no fm e c h a n i c a l s h e l l b r e a k e r 何㊀婷H E T i n g ㊀张㊀睿Z HA N GR u i ㊀任广跃R E N G u a n g Gy u e ㊀段㊀续D U A N X u ㊀李才云L IC a i Gyu n ㊀李亚春L IY a Gc h u n (河南科技大学食品与生物工程学院,河南洛阳㊀471023)(C o l l e g e o f F o o da n dB i o l o g i c a lE n g i n e e r i n g ,H e n a nU n i v e r s i t y o f Sc i e n c e a nd Te c h n o l o g y ,L u o y a n g ,He n a n 471023,C h i n a )摘要:脱壳率和碎仁率是带壳物料破壳的2个关键指标,机械破壳则是提高上述关键指标的重要途径之一.文章分析了常见的带壳物料机械破壳方式㊁机械破壳类型㊁机械破壳原理及发展现状,总结了机械破壳设备的优缺点,并对目前机械破壳应用过程中所存在的问题提出了建议.关键词:带壳物料;坚果;脱壳机械;脱壳率A b s t r a c t :S h e l l i n g r a t e a n dk e r n e l b r e a k i n g r a t e a r e t h e t w ok e yi n d i c a t o r s o f s h e l l e dm a t e r i a l s ,a n d m e c h a n i c a l s h e l l i n g i so n eo f t h e i m p o r t a n tm e t h o d st o i m p r o v et h e s ek e y i n d i c a t o r s .I nt h i s p a p e r ,t h ec o mm o n m e c h a n i c a ls h e l l i n g m e t h o d s ,m e c h a n i c a l s h e l l i n g t y p e s ,m e c h a n i c a ls h e l l i n g p r i n c i p l e sa n d d e v e l o p m e n t s t a t u so fs h e l l i n g m a t e r i a l sw e r ea n a l y z e d .T h ea d v a n t a ge sa n d d i s a d v a n t a g e s o fm e c h a n i c a l h u l l i n g e q u i pm e n tw e r e s u mm a r i z e d ,a n ds u g g e s t i o n s w e r e m a d ef o rt h e p r o b l e m s e x i s t i n g i n t h e c u r r e n t a p p l i c a t i o no fm e c h a n i c a l h u l l i n g.K e yw o r d s :s h e l lm a t e r i a l ;n u t ;s h e l l i n g m a c h i n e r y ;s h e l l i n g r a t e 脱壳是带壳物料加工过程中的一道关键工序,影响其后续的加工环节,其中坚果脱壳尤为突出.坚果是闭果的一个分类,壳较坚硬,如花生㊁葵花子㊁核桃㊁榛子㊁杏仁等[1].P r u s s i a 等[2]针对间隙较大的坚果运用高速撞击原理,研究了坚果高速运动撞击破壳的方法;O l u w o l e等[3]采用撞击法研制出了离心力剥壳机.文章拟对破壳机的结构㊁工作原理及其研究进展进行分析,以期为机械破壳在带壳类物料中的应用提供依据.1㊀机械破壳机的基本结构机械破壳是带壳物料破壳的主要方式,而破壳机的关键结构是决定破壳效率和破碎率的关键因素之一.目前,机械破壳机的核心结构主要有立锥式㊁对辊式㊁多辊式㊁离心撞击式㊁柔性带挤压式和挤压式6种(见图1):①立锥式破壳机主要是通过内外辊筒间隙相对运动对物料进行脱壳,并能适应不同物料特性和尺寸特征;②对辊式破壳机的主动辊和从动辊相对运动,辊表面有若干弧形凸起,增加了对物料的抓取能力;③多辊式破壳机由破壳辊与多根辅助破壳辊构成间断性挤压;④离心撞击式破壳机主要由进料口㊁破壳装置㊁出料口㊁转动装置组成,由破壳装置旋转脱壳盘高速旋转产生足够大的离心力;⑤柔性带挤压式破壳机的传送带将物料传输到上挤压托与托板间隙破壳,需要调节脱壳间隙和楔形角度以适应不同物料;⑥挤压式破壳机由碾压辊㊁传送装置㊁V 形槽组成,物料进入两辊间挤压实现壳仁分离.2㊀机械破壳机的工作原理大部分带壳物料其壳质量占总质量比重较大,加工过程中影响完整果仁的提取.因此,壳㊁仁分离技术是进行精加工之前的一个重要环节,分离技术的优劣直接影响后序加工产品的质量.目前壳仁分离一般通过机械外力作用使坚果破裂,如表1所示,目前主要利用离心力㊁挤压力㊁摩檫力㊁剪切力4种作用力,采用撞击㊁挤压㊁碾搓㊁撕搓㊁切割㊁剪切㊁揉搓㊁摩擦8种机械方式,进而实现撞击㊁滚㊁搓㊁揉㊁挤㊁切割等操作.其中,撞击法㊁挤压法㊁切割法适用于壳仁间隙较大的坚果,摩擦法适用于千粒重较小的物料.3㊀机械破壳在带壳物料中的应用3.1㊀在稻谷㊁荞麦及亚麻籽等物料脱壳中的应用如表2所示,机械破壳机对带壳物料去壳的效果随喂料角度㊁脱壳间隙㊁转速的变化而变化,随着参数的增大,稻谷等物料的脱壳效果呈下降趋势.与手工㊁化学㊁激光等破壳方式相比,机械破壳的效率较高㊁成本较低.F O O D &MA C H I N E R Y 第39卷第7期总第261期|2023年7月|图1㊀机械破壳机核心结构F i g u r e1㊀K e y b a s i c s t r u c t u r e o fm e c h a n i c a l s h e l l b r e a k e r表1㊀机械破壳类型及原理T a b l e1㊀T y p e s a n d p r i n c i p l e s o fm e c h a n i c a l s h e l l b r e a k e r s类型原理适用物料文献切割法①利用刀划痕来切割待破壳的籽粒外壳,同时运用揉㊁搓等作用来完成剥壳;②直接利用刀片切割开果壳,实现外壳与籽仁的分离壳仁间隙大的物料[4]撞击法在离心力作用下物料高速运动撞击到挡板上,脱离挡板后,壳㊁仁具有不同弹性形变而破裂,达到脱壳目的壳㊁仁间隙较大,结合力小,外壳较脆的物料[4-5]挤压法通过挤压力作用使物料破壳外壳脆㊁壳仁间隙大的物料[4,6]碾搓法一般通过碾压和搓擦的方法,典型应用是物料在固定磨片和运动磨片间受到强烈的碾搓作用,外壳撕裂而脱壳外壳硬度低,果仁不易碎的物料[4,6]剪切法在刀架和转鼓间受到相对运动的刀板的剪切力作用,外壳被切裂主要适用带绒棉籽[7-8]摩擦法籽粒与籽粒间,籽粒与机构间的擦离作用千粒重较小的物料[8]撕搓法利用相对转动的橡胶辊筒对籽粒进行撕搓外壳柔韧性较高的物料[6,8]揉搓法基于揉搓机理,主要由两块带齿的揉搓部件和定位挡板组成外壳较脆的物料[9-10]通过建立机械模型对破壳机关键结构或参数进行优化研究,建立适当的三维数字模型和运用相关软件[12,14]成为研究的有效辅助工具.由于带壳物料种类复杂,不同物料及实际破壳机脱壳的预测结果需进一步研究,建立精确的三维数字模型更有助于提高物料的脱壳率和碎仁率.3.2㊀机械破壳在坚果中的应用3.2.1㊀撞击法机械破壳㊀利用仿真软件对破壳机的工作性能进行优化获得最优结构参数[21],其中转速[22]㊁物料投喂量[23]㊁冲击力及含水率等也是影响物料破壳的重要因素.由表3可知,核桃㊁榛子通过撞击法进行破壳,对破壳机关键结构进行设计优化可达到脱壳目的.杏仁由于韧性较大,需足够的冲击力才能使核壳与仁分离,而采用撞击法的原理不易控制破壳参数,杏仁的壳仁不能有效分离[32].撞击方式通常不会使籽粒出现渗油或者仁和壳黏附的现象,但撞击力过大,壳仁破碎与壳粘连在一起,撞击力过小则达不到破碎的目的[33].3.2.2㊀挤压法机械破壳㊀该方法原理为坚果受到破壳机施加的挤压力使果壳周围产生局部压力而破裂.对辊式挤压辊不仅可以调节间距还能一次性投入较多的坚果,可提高脱壳效率;将传统挤压辊进行优化,在辊表面设置浅窝坑㊁小角度螺旋卡槽,可减少滑幅,增加挤压稳定性.坚果脱壳会出现脱壳不完全或者漏剥,而二次剥壳结合力变小,不能施加过大的力,因此使用P V C工作带相向运动且在最优间距和上下速度差下,产生上下剪切力和挤压力而达到破壳目的;可调节式脱壳机,通过调节式的研究进展A D V A N C E S总第261期|2023年7月|表2㊀机械破壳在稻谷㊁荞麦及亚麻籽等物料中的应用T a b l e 2㊀A p p l i c a t i o no fm e c h a n i c a l c r u s h e r i n c r u s h i n g ri c e ,b u c k w h e a t a n d f l a x s e e d 物料方法研究内容结论文献稻谷㊀挤压法㊁摩擦法胶辊砻谷机工作参数辊间压力与线速差是影响稻谷脱壳率的两个重要因素,进机流量是影响脱壳率的主要因素,而快辊线速对脱壳率的影响相对较小[11]稻谷㊀挤压法㊁摩擦法动力学仿真运用E D E M 仿真模拟大米输送过程获得速度㊁运动轨迹数据,得到米粒绕碾辊螺旋前进的规律[12]稻谷㊀剪切法谷粒脱壳的影响因素谷粒在砻谷区域的运动方式随喂料角度的变化而变化;有效的脱壳方式为通过胶辊对稻壳的剪切作用解除小穗轴的连接和内外稃互锁;谷粒脱壳率随喂料角度的增加线性下降[13]稻谷㊀摩擦法㊁挤压法对胶辊砻谷机的主要工作参数进行优化提出了砻谷工艺效果评价系数计算公式,通过仿真验证了评价及仿真方法的有效性;参数虚拟正交优化试验获得最优工作参数为轧距0.7mm ㊁线速差3.2m /s ㊁快辊转速1250r /m i n[14]苦荞麦挤压法㊁揉搓法脱壳试验机确定最优间隙㊁压强㊁转速工作组合参数,但整仁率为31.8%,脱壳率为88.1%,主要是因为脱壳室压力动态调整机构不灵活[15]荞麦㊀撞击法㊁摩擦法脱壳机性能参数当剥壳间隙接近5.0mm 时,出米率较高,相对碎米率较低,但随着速度的增加,碎米率呈二次函数递升,且剥壳间隙周向误差对碎米率的影响显著[16]亚麻籽摩擦法㊁碾搓法设计脱壳机及壳仁分离设备仿真根据亚麻籽特征设计脱壳设备;通过对分离风道仿真选取50mm 气道宽度;先进行风选再进行高压静电风选的效果较好[17]亚麻籽碾搓法影响脱壳率和损失率的相关参数亚麻籽含水率㊁沙盘转速㊁沙盘间隙对脱壳率和损失率有显著影响[18]小麦㊀揉搓法㊁摩擦法脱皮转子优化设计有限元分析转子模型最大变形量,通过施加变形补偿验证离心载荷下的变形得到抑制,稳定性提高[19]薏仁㊀撕搓法㊁挤压法设计脱壳关键部件及仿真分析对脱壳核心机构进行设计㊁建模,验证可装配性,及薏仁在脱壳机中受力和运动仿真分析,提高脱壳率,减少破碎率[20]表3㊀撞击法机械破壳在坚果中的应用T a b l e 3㊀A p p l i c a t i o no fm e c h a n i c a l s h e l l e r i m pa c tm e t h o d i nn u t s 物料研究内容结论文献核桃㊀新型核桃二次破壳机撞击速度是影响破壳率和损失率最重要的因素,同时是否再次与撞击桶㊁离心板或其他核桃发生碰撞也会影响其损失率[24]核桃㊀仿生敲击破壳方式当含水率为14.55%~16.35%,直径为18~22mm (沿缝合线方向)时,破壳率为99.41%,果仁损伤率为6.25%,生产率为94.93k g /h ,且破壳机参数的准确性与稳定性较好[25]核桃㊀含水率㊁冲击力对核桃开裂的影响当含水率为16%,设计的离心式冲击破碎机产生冲击力为1.01J ,速度11m /s 时,破壳效果最佳[26]核桃㊀基于F E M 的工程模拟撞击获得壳体㊁填料和内核的最大等效应力值分别为7.1,5.1,0.336M P a ,碰撞时的最大反作用力为996k N[27]榛子㊀二次碰撞破碎榛壳㊁壳仁分选吸式层选机使榛子果仁更好地脱离壳体,有利于壳仁分离[28]油茶果四通道全自动脱壳机设计该脱壳机的脱净率为98.85%㊁茶籽破损率为3.24%,达到预期设计目标[29]葵花籽V 形槽㊁离心橡胶棒设计仿真V 形槽的角度为45ʎ,大㊁小V 形槽高度分别为5.8,4.7mm ,橡胶棒分布下的脱壳效果较好[30]花生㊀不同转速下撞击破壳破碎率与转速回归方程,最小破碎临界转速与时间变换回归函数[31]|V o l .39,N o .7何㊀婷等:机械破壳机结构㊁工作原理及应用双层多滚轮,可提高效率和解决脱壳不完全问题.其具体应用见表4.3.2.3㊀刀片切割法机械破壳㊀腰果壳含有黏性的壳液,果壳液中含有90%左右的腰果酸且易脱酸为腰果酚,其反应得到的衍生物性能优越具有良好的加工性,可用于耐化学药品的工业涂料㊁合成橡胶㊁绝缘材料等[45],对于这一类坚果物料,因其化学特性和形态导致脱壳困难,使用切割法脱壳时影响切割脱壳的因素有:推果速度和切割弹簧装置推进距离以及推进时坚果的状态.其具体应用见表5.3.2.4㊀剪切法机械破壳㊀破壳前对核桃进行力学特性分析(刚度㊁内力㊁形变),是提高破壳率和破壳机设计的有效途径,其具体应用详见表6.3.2.5㊀揉搓法机械破壳㊀张禹鑫[59]利用差速对搓式破表4㊀挤压法机械破壳在坚果中的应用T a b l e 4㊀A p pl i c a t i o no fm e c h a n i c a l s h e l l e r e x t r u s i o nm e t h o d i nn u t s 物料研究内容结论文献核桃核桃破壳试验及影响核桃破壳的主要因素挤压力的大小取决于破壳板间隙㊁硬度和摩擦系数,破壳效果与破壳机结构和物料有关,此外,还与喂料速度有关[34]核桃设计上料机构㊁破壳机构㊁传动机构核桃破壳率可达100%,整仁率为77.58%[35]核桃设计对辊挤压式核桃破壳装置当挤压辊I 转速为95r /m i n ,挤压辊Ⅱ转速为75r /m i n ,挤压间隙为33mm 时,破壳效果较好[36]核桃破壳及脱壳系统理论分析与试验研究得到理想脱壳率和整仁率的最优参数[37]核桃柔性带差速挤压脱壳系统分析上下带间距和速度差分别为14mm ㊁0.19m /s ,张紧力为231N 时,脱壳率为98%,整仁率为93.7%[38]榛子设计一种双层多滚轮可调式榛子脱壳机能对不同大小的榛子进行脱壳[39]榛子沙辊上设置均料件以及榛壳筛分件脱壳均匀干净,榛仁收集便捷,脱壳装置便于清理和维护,能耗少[40]榛子设计一对呈一定角度的圆柱滚筒和振动分筛机械能适应不同尺寸的榛子,使榛子脱壳向自动化㊁机械化发展[41]杏核关键部件结构优化设计研制出有浅窝坑定位㊁螺旋卡槽双点挤压和搓揉功能的新机型,且壳仁分离快,粉尘污染减缓[42]杏核机具关键部位设计与仿真当破壳间隙为8.5mm ㊁喂料速度为350k g /h ,差速比为1.75时,杏核破壳试验样机的破壳效果达到最佳[43]杏核主动辊设置若干个弧形凸起弧形凸起的齿顶高度为大小杏核之间的厚度差,可适应不同大小杏核,使杏核受到挤压破壳[44]表5㊀刀片切割法机械破壳在坚果中的应用T a b l e 5㊀A p p l i c a t i o no f b l a d e c u t t i n g me t h o do fm e c h a n i c a l s h e l l e r i nn u t s 物料研究内容结论文献腰果影响腰果切果状态的因素腰果尺寸与性质㊁投料方式㊁导轨材质㊁推果速度等,对腰果脱壳整仁率有较大影响[46]腰果推果速度㊁切刀装置中弹簧压缩距离及进果时腰果的状态当刀口距离为9.1mm ,推果速度为19.8r /m i n ,弹簧压缩距离为16.70mm ,采用趴着头部方式进果时,整仁率为69.76%[47]腰果灰色神经网络对不同刀具参数下腰果整仁率的预测灰色神经网络的收敛速度较快,预测值与真实值吻合较好,平均误差为11.24%[48]腰果对梳平组件㊁分离组件㊁筛选装置㊁开壳装置进行研究自动对腰果进行破壳与果㊁壳分离,实现梳平推挤腰果,单个腰果分离朝向开壳,筛分果与壳,效率提高[49]腰果设计可调节破壳刀具及筛分操作简单,能耗少,稳定性好,破壳率高,但需要分级[50]榛子设计连续剥壳装置切割刀装置切割后再经压盘挤压,达到连续将榛子和榛仁分离的目的[51]板栗对板栗物理机械特性㊁剥壳力学进行设计分析及剥壳机结构设计可满足于不同成熟度和不同尺寸的板栗剥壳,在节省加工成本的同时降低了能耗㊁提高了效率[52]板栗脱壳关键零部件优化和仿真优化后转盘㊁刀具工作时的最大应力分别降低了22.3%和50.0%[53]研究进展A D V A N C E S 总第261期|2023年7月|表6㊀剪切法机械破壳在坚果中的应用T a b l e 6㊀A p p l i c a t i o no fm e c h a n i c a l s h e l l e r s h e a r i n g me t h o d i nn u t s 物料研究内容结论文献扁桃㊀脱壳过程中加载损伤分析确定脱壳机最优组合参数,其脱壳率为97.68%,破损率为6.85%[54]花生㊀滚筒凹板筛式脱壳机破碎仿真分析一定条件下,滚筒速度增加,破碎率增大;间隙增大,破碎率减少;随着喂入量的增大,破碎率呈先增后减趋势[55]橡胶籽运用E D E M 对组合式脱壳机构进行模拟脱壳率与整仁率实测值与仿真值相差分别为4.42%,5.14%[56]核桃㊀物料力学特性分析㊁脱壳机设计当挤压角度为0ʎ~44ʎ时,核桃可进入挤压空间;挤压辊间距为23mm ,当α0为20ʎ时核桃开裂,当α0为15ʎ时核桃断裂[57]核桃㊀设计机械破壳装置核桃壳破裂率为98%,核桃仁破碎率为2.9%,核仁外露率为70%,提高了核桃壳的破裂率,降低了核桃仁的破碎率[58]壳机得到了高脱壳率和低破碎率,并分析了物料的物理特性(胸径㊁端径㊁含水率㊁摩擦因数)和力学特性(弹性模量㊁临界破壳力㊁破壳变形率㊁撕裂临界力).汤晶宇等[60]分析了锥结构式对油茶果的主要影响因素,包括滚筒转速㊁脱壳区间形式与材料㊁滚筒锥角与脱壳筒间隙等,提出了锥结构式设备除了通过受力分析来计算影响破壳因素的合理取值范围外,还需确认其他因素对破壳装备设计参数的影响.4㊀结论机械脱壳是大多带壳物料破壳的有效方法之一,操作简单㊁物料处理量大,能够按照设想到达破壳关键部位.但现有机械脱壳法脱壳率低,果仁损失率高㊁籽仁的破碎率高㊁通用性差且成本偏高㊁脱壳机稳定性差㊁适应性不强,破壳方式单一,工艺水平较低且耗能高.为提高脱壳效率,降低破损率,建议:①研制机械破壳的辅助技术,如激光法㊁化学法㊁微波法㊁真空法等原理,以提高脱壳率和破碎率;②优化机械破壳结构设计,进一步完善和提高机械脱壳机理;③研发新型联合机械破壳机构,充分利用离心力㊁挤压力㊁摩檫力㊁剪切力等作用力,将撞击㊁挤压㊁剪切㊁揉搓㊁摩擦等两种以上机械方式融为一体,以适应多种带壳物料;④精确㊁高效㊁低耗及自动化是机械破壳机未来的发展方向,且计算机人工智能自动化的开发有助于机械破壳机在带壳物料中的发展.随着机械破壳在带壳物料破壳方面研究的不断深入,机械联合破壳技术将更加成熟,破壳效果将更显著,应用范围也将更加广泛.参考文献[1]刘亚娜,杨小红,耿阳阳,等.不同野生榛子果实特性及营养成分分析[J].中国粮油学报,2021,36(1):117G122.LIU 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包皮机中英文说明书

包皮机中英文说明书

包皮机说明书1、包皮机简介:本机器为本工厂自己设计制作,机器的主要作用就是为了安装包皮料的模具,生产眼镜盒所用的。

2、机器的构造:本机器为半自动气动机械,分别主要由气缸,温控器,金属架工作台,气压电磁阀配件组成。

机器由人工手动操作,其构造简单,使用灵活,工作效率高等特点。

3、模具为自动包皮模具,主要起精确定位固定作用,可灵活更换,工人操作需要经过专业培训。

4、维修保养:每次开始正式工作前,都要先检查固定模具的固定架有没有因为长时间使用而出现松动,一旦发现出现松动,应立即叫技术人员先将模具固定,再交给工作人员使用,防止出现意外受伤事故。

额定电压:220V/50HZ额定功率:400W工作气压:8kgp/cm²外形尺寸:1000*60*1500mm²重量:150kgThe Instructions1、IntroductionThe machine,designed by our factory,is made to set up the molds,which is used for cover the iron cases by leather.2、Machine constructionThe machine is a semi-automatic one,powered by air pressure. It is composed by air cylinder, temperature controller,workbench,magnetic valves. The workers can easily handle it by manual manipulation. People can work it out easily and soon.3、About the moldsThe molds is used for cover the iron cases in the right place by leather. They can be replace easily.4、MaintenanceBefore using the machines,people should check whether the mold is loose or not. The mold has to be screw up when finding it out is loose.Rated voltage: 220V/50HZRated power:400wWorking air pressure:8kgp/cm²Dimension:1000*60*1500mm²Weight:150kg。

向日葵剥壳机

向日葵剥壳机

向日葵剥壳机
佚名
【期刊名称】《中国油脂》
【年(卷),期】1981(000)006
【摘要】这种剥壳机是意大利威尼斯机械制造公司生产的,在意大利除用来剥向日葵外还用其剥燕麦皮。

如图十九。

这种剥壳机内部装有一个转子,在转子上有一个在内部可以调换的球墨铸铁制造的离心叶片,外部装有一个撞击环。

脱壳操作是靠摩擦和撞击来完成的,效果很好。

整体结构形式及工作原理与我国目前使用的向日葵剥壳机相似,主要部件离心叶片不同,在叶片接触物料的侧面是一个U形的沟槽,使向日葵在这个沟槽里通过,由于这个槽底部狭窄。

【总页数】3页(P45-47)
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】G6
【相关文献】
1.一幅形而上的向日葵——蒋红平《梵高的向日葵》赏析 [J], 李汉超
2.玉米与赤霉素对向日葵列当种子萌发、防除以及\r对后茬作物向日葵生长的影响[J], 王玥;叶晓馨;王恺;李朴芳;郭振国;陈芳洁;马永清
3.青毛豆自动剥壳机轧辊剥壳机构技术特点及使用中存在的问题 [J], 陆丹丹; 楼婷婷; 翁晓星; 傅剑
4.青毛豆自动剥壳机轧辊剥壳机构技术特点及使用中存在的问题 [J], 陆丹丹; 楼婷婷; 翁晓星; 傅剑
5.一幅形而上的向日葵——蒋红平《梵高的向日葵》赏析 [J], 李汉超
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附录1剥壳机的介绍1.挤压式莲子剥壳机挤压式莲子剥壳机最早的模型为双辊式莲子剥壳设备。

设备中一辊为带有橡胶层的旋转圆柱体,另一与之相对转动的辊上带有三角形刀刃的多个盘形圆片组成。

使莲子通过两辊的中缝时,切开莲壳。

然而几经实验,莲子仅被刀刃划破了部分外壳。

由于在两辊之间的加工区较短,莲子不可能在其中滚上一两圈,因而使莲壳的切破率大大降低[5]。

浙江大学的郑传祥教授,对于前人提出的挤压式莲子剥壳机原理进行了进一步的改进,从而在此基础上设计了一种更能适应生产实际的高效莲子剥壳机。

完善了挤压式的双辊技术。

利用高速刀具对莲子外壳进行切割、挤压使其脱壳,同时增加了脱壳切割的刀具数量,使其更适合机械该机型可以将莲子按照其颗粒大小分化生产[6-7]。

类后进行脱壳,使莲子生产实现在机械化的道路上向前迈进了一大步。

2.摩擦式莲子剥壳机旋转圆桶式脱壳机是比较早期的摩擦式剥壳机,其在中部旋转轴上装有盘形刀片,外桶固定在机架上,其内壁上衬有适当厚度的橡胶层。

莲子进入后,随旋转轴的带动,在内壁与转轴的刀片中滚动,莲壳在橡胶层的衬垫下被转动的盘形刀片切破,然后从其夹缝中掉出[5]。

但是由于被切破的莲壳均牢牢的粘附在莲肉上,为使莲壳与莲肉分离,还得专门设计一个搓壳机。

为了克服旋转圆桶式莲子脱壳机固有缺陷,在其基础上,6JD-400 型莲子剥壳机设计成三个加工段——破壳段、搓壳段及软搓壳段。

每小时每台可加工70 kg,脱壳率平均为75%以上,出莲肉完好率平均9 5% 以上,且筛分率大于90 %,莲子损害率小于4 % 以下,但每副刀片使用5~ 6班需重磨一次[3]。

经生产实践表明,6JD-400 型莲子剥壳机性能稳定可靠,自动化程度高,便于操作。

在我国经济中,制造业是国家的支柱行业,占据国有经济的重要地位。

随着制造业的快速发展,机械工程技术也迎来了新的发展形势。

从目前机械工程技术的发展来看,在产品研发和生产制造中,机械工程技术正在缩小与国外发达国家的差距,在某些产品领域已经达到了世界领先水平。

之所以取得这样的成绩,主要原因在于机械工程教育中引入了信息化的理念,不但提- 1 -高了机械工程的教育效果,也促进了机械工程教育的发展,所以,我们应对机械工程教育信息化发展有全面正确的认识。

1、机械工程技术的先进性特点(1)灵活(2)高效率(3)能源消耗低(4)无污染(5)产品性价比较高。

2、综合考虑设计与工艺的特点在机械工程技术方面,设计与工艺紧密结合十分重要,在实际生产过程中,需要结合现场的工艺进行合理的设计,使设计一次性成功,这就是经常所说的并行工程。

3、全面考本文由论文联盟收集整理虑工业应用的特点对于机械工程技术来说,最终的目的就是提高制造行业的经济效益和社会效益。

这就要求在设计之前详细了解市场,针对工业应用情况进行设计、研发、生产、销售等等,使该技术能够达到理想中的效果,这样的机械工程技术才算是成功的。

考虑到机械工程的特点,在机械工程教育开展的过程中,引入信息化手段是十分必要的。

从目前机械工程教育信息化发展现状来看,主要表现为以下几个方面:1、机械工程教育信息化手段已经得到了充分的运用出于提高机械工程教育质量的目的,在机械工程教育开展过程中,及时的引入了教育信息化的手段,主要包括CAD教学、网络化教学等,通过教育信息化手段的运用,机械工程引进了国外技术的先进理念,形成了对国外先进技术的消化吸收,保证了机械工程能够持续快速的发展。

从目前机械工程教育的开展来看,信息化手段的运用范围越来越广,已经成为了机械工程教育的主要手段之一,为机械工程教育的发展提供了有力的支持。

随着教育信息化手段的不断发展和提高,相信在未来机械工程教育信息化手段的应用范围更广,应用效果更加突出。

2、机械工程教育信息化采用了网络化发展的模式计算机网络的发展,为机械工程教育提供了强有力的支持,不但提升了机械工程教育信息化发展的质量,还提高了机械工程教育的整体效果,改变了传统教育模式的束缚,为机械工程教育的发展提供了新的参考。

从目前机械工程教育信息化的发展来看,网络化的发展模式为其带来了资源共享的便利,丰富了现有的教育内容,提高了教学实效性,为机械工程教育的发展注入了生机和活力。

从这一角度来看,机械工程教育信息化发展成为了机械工- 2 -程技术发展的必然趋势,为了机械工程技术的提高奠定了坚实的基础,保证了机械工程技术的发展质量。

3、机械工程教育信息化改变了传统教育理念在传统教育理念中,机械工程的教育应尊重书本内容,应以现有技术为基础进行技术研发和技术教育,对先进技术的引入缺乏必要的手段。

考虑到机械工程传统教育理念的缺点,以及计算机信息化的高速发展,在机械工程教育中引入信息化手段已经成为了必然的选择,对机械工程的发展产生了重要影响。

基于这一判断,机械工程教育信息化改变了传统的教育理念,开始朝着新技术引入和新技术应用的方向发展,极大的提高了机械工程教育的实效性,满足了机械工程发展的现实需要,提高了机械工程发展的整体质量,为机械工程发展提供了新的参考。

4、机械工程教育信息化提高了教育效果和技术的先进性通过采用教育信息化手段,机械工程的教育效果得到了持续的提高,为机械工程技术的发展提供了有力的支撑,保证了机械工程技术的发展质量。

同时,教育信息化手段的采用,保证了机械工程技术的先进性,使机械工程技术能够及时的引入并借鉴国外的先进经验和成熟的技术,为我国机械工程技术的发展提供有力的支持。

从目前机械工程教育的实际发展来看,机械工程教育信息化提高了教育效果和技术的先进性,为机械工程的发展提供了有力的支持。

因此,从促进我国机械工程技术发展的角度出发,我们应对机械工程教育信息化手段有深入的通过本文的分析可知,在我国机械工程技术的发展过程中,教育信息化手段起到了积极作用。

教育信息化手段不但提高了机械工程教育的整体效果,还对机械工程技术的发展提供了有力的支持,满足了机械工程技术发展的要求。

因此,我们要对机械工程教育信息化手段有全面正确的认识,要认真分析机械工程教育信息化发展现状,不断提高机械工程教育信息化的发展质量。

- 3 -附录2The sheller introduction1 extrusion lotus shellerSqueeze lotus Sheller earliest models for the double roller lotus sheller equipment. A device for the rotary cylinder with a rubber roller layer and another wafer with a plurality of disc -shaped with a triangular edge on the relative rotation of the roller. Make lotus by two rollers when the seam ,cut lotus shell . However,after several experiments ,lotus is only part of the blade cut through the shell . Due to the shorter processing zone between two rollers ,which roll on lotus impossible one twice,thus making the rate cut lotus broken shells greatly reduced [ 5 ] . Professor Zheng Zhuanxiang Zhejiang University ,proposed for the former Sheller lotus extrusion principle further improvements ,so based on this design can adapt to the actual production of a lotus efficient sheller . Improve the extrusion twin roll technique . Lotus shell of high-speed cutting tools ,squeezing it shelling,shelling while increasing the number of cutting tools ,which make it more suitable for mechanical models can be differentiated lotus seeds produced in accordance with their particle size [ 6-7 ] . Shelling after class ,so lotus mechanized production realized on the road is a big step forward .2 friction lotus ShellerRotary drum -type shelling machine is relatively early friction Sheller ,which in the middle of the rotating shaft with a disc-shaped blade ,outer barrel is fixed to the frame ,which is lined with the inner wall of the appropriate thickness of the rubber layer . After entering the lotus ,with the rotation axis of the drive ,in the inner wall of the shaft of the blade rolling ,lotus cushion rubber layer under the shell is rotating disc -shaped cutting blade broke ,and then fall out from the cracks [ 5 ] . However,due to be cut lotus shells are broken firmly adhered to the lotus ,for the lotus and lotus shell separation ,have designed a rub shell machine . In order to overcome the rotary drum -type lotus seed sheller inherent defects ,on its basis ,6JD-400 type lotus Sheller design- 4 -process into three sections - broken shell segment ,segment and soft shell rub rub shell segments. Each hour can be processed 70 kg,shelling rate averaged above 75% ,the average rate of more than intact lotus 95 %,and the screening rate of greater than 90% ,lotus injury rate of less than 4 %,but the use of each pair of blades 5-6 classes need regrinding time [ 3 ] . After practice showed ,reliable 6JD-400 type lotus Sheller performance,high degree of automation,easy to operate.Status of informatization of education development in Mechanical Engineering One,forewordIn the economy of our country,the manufacturing industry is the pillar industry in our country,occupy the important position of state-owned economy. With the rapid development of manufacturing industry,mechanical engineering technology also ushered in the new situation. From the current development of mechanical engineering technology,in product development and manufacturing,mechanical engineering technology is narrowing the gap with developed country abroad,in some products have reached world leading level. The reason for these achievements,the main reason is that the introduced information theory in mechanical engineering education,not only improves the mechanical engineering education effect,also promoted the development of mechanical engineering education,so,have a comprehensive understanding of the correct we deal with mechanical engineering education informationization development. Two,analysis of the characteristics of Mechanical EngineeringAdvanced features 1,mechanical engineering technology(1) and (2) high efficiency (3) (4) with low energy consumption and no pollution (5) higher product price.2,considering the characteristics of design and technologyIn mechanical engineering,design and technology combine closely is very important,in the actual production process,the need for rational design based on the process design,the one-time success,it is often said of concurrent engineering.3,a comprehensive examination of the thesis union collection features sorting into industrial applicationFor mechanical engineering technology,the ultimate aim is to improve the- 5 -manufacturing industry's economic benefits and social benefits. This requires a detailed understanding of the market before design,design,R & D,production,sales for the industrial application situation and so on,so that the technology can achieve the desired effect,mechanical engineering technology that is successful. Three,mechanical engineering education informatization development Considering the characteristics of mechanical engineering,mechanical engineering education in the process of introducing information technology,it is necessary to. From the current development of mechanical engineering education informationization present situation,mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1,mechanical engineering education information technology has been fully usedFor improving the quality of education in mechanical engineering purposes,in the development process of mechanical engineering education,timely introduction of the education of information technology,including CAD teaching,network teaching and so on,with the informatization of education means,advanced the idea of mechanical engineering the introduction of foreign technology,the formation of the absorption of advanced foreign technology,guarantee the development of mechanical engineering can besustained and rapid. From the current development of mechanical engineering education,scope of application and information means more widely,has become one of the main means of mechanical engineering education,provide a strong support for the development of mechanical engineering education. With the continuous development of education informatization and improve theapplication scope,believe in the future of mechanical engineering education informationization means more widely,the application effect is moreoutstanding.2,mechanical engineering education information using the network development modeThe development of computer network,provides a strong support form echanical engineering education,not only to enhance the quality of development of mechanical engineering education information,but also improve the overall effect of mechanical engineering education,change the bondage of traditional education mode,provides a new reference form echanical engineering education development. From the current development of mechanical engineering education- 6 -informatization,development pattern of network has brought convenience for the sharing of resources,enrich the content of education existing,improve teaching effectiveness,has injected vigor and vitality to the development of mechanical engineering education. From this point of view,the development of education informatization has become the inevitable trend of the development of mechanical engineering mechanical engineering technology,in order to improve the mechanical engineering technology has laid a solid foundation,to ensure the quality of development of mechanical engineering.3,mechanical engineering education information has changed the traditional education conceptIn the traditional idea of education,mechanical engineering education should respect the book content,should be based on the existing technology as the basis for the research and development and technical education,the introduction of advanced technology lacks the necessary means. Considering the traditional mechanical engineering education shortcomings,and rapid development of computer information technology,the introduction of information means in mechanical engineering education has become the inevitable choice,has an important influence on the development of mechanical engineering. Based on this judgment,mechanical engineering education information has changed the traditional education concept,towards the beginning of the introduction of new technologies and new technology application development,greatly improving the effectiveness of mechanical engineering education,meets the needs of the development of mechanical engineering reality,improve the over all quality of mechanical engineering development,the new reference mechanical engineering development.4,mechanical engineering education information ization improves advanced education and technology Through the use of education informatization,mechanical engineering education have continued to improve,and provide a strong support for the development of mechanical engineering technology,ensure the development quality of mechanical engineering. At the same time,the education information means,ensure the advanced mechanical engineering technology,advancedexperience in the mechanical engineering technology can be introduced andforeign and ripe technology,provide strong support for the- 7 -development of mechanical engineering in china. From the current actual development of mechanical engineering education,mechanical engineering education information ization improves advanced education and technology,provides the powerful support for the development of mechanical engineering. Therefore,from the promotion of our country- 8 -。

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