1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约及有关文件
1船舶与海上设施法定检验规则
中华人民共和国船舶检验局船舶与海上设施法定检验规则国际航行海船法定检验技术规则1999第1分册中华人民共和国船舶检验局船规字[1999]018号文公布自1999年9月1日起施行中华人民共和国船舶检验局船舶与海上设施法定检验规则国际航行海船法定检验技术规则1999第1分册总则总则1 法令1.1 根据中华人民共和国国务院令(第109号)发布的《中华人民共和国船舶和海上设施检验条例》第三条规定，中华人民共和国船舶检验局(以下简称本局或ZC)是依照该条例规定的检验管理的主管机关。
1.2 根据《中华人民共和国船舶和海上设施检验条例》第十九条规定，船舶、海上设施(除三十一条规定外)、集装箱的检验制度和技术法规，由本局制订，经国务院交通主管部门批准后公布施行。
1.3 根据《中华人民共和国船舶和海上设施检验条例》第四条规定，中国船级社(简称CCS)承办国内外船舶、海上设施和集装箱的入级检验、鉴证检验和公证检验业务；经本局授权，可以代行上述船舶、海上设施和集装箱的法定检验。
2 宗旨2.1 为贯彻中华人民共和国政府的有关法律、法令、条例和中华人民共和国政府批准、接受、承认或加入的国际公约、规则和决议等，为保障船舶和海上人命、财产的安全，防止水域环境污染以及保障起重设备安全作业等，特制订《国际航行海船法定检验技术规则》(以下简称本法规)。
本法规是《船舶与海上设施法定检验规则》的组成部分。
2.2 对符合本法规要求的国际航行海船，应签发相应的国际海上航行船舶的法定证书，以证明船舶符合我国政府的有关法令、符合和满足有关国际公约、规则等的规定和标准，适合预定用途的国际海上航行和作业。
3 适用范围3.1 本法规适用于国际海上航行的中国籍民用船舶，具体要求按各篇的规定。
3.2 本法规按照第1篇第1章5.1.3及5.1.4的规定适用于到达中国港口或在中国水域作业的外国籍船舶。
3.3 本法规未规定者，本局另作规定或将给予特殊考虑。
4 申请与费用4.1 船东或经营人，必须向业经授权的中国船级社申请法定检验。
国际吨位丈量公约
１９６９年吨位丈量公约各缔约政府，愿为国际航行船舶的吨位丈量制订统一原则和规则，认为缔结一个公约可以最好地达到这一目的。
已取得协议如下：第一条公约的一般义务各缔约政府，应承担义务实施本公约各项规定和它的附则，附则应视为本公约的组成部份，凡引用本公约时，同时也就意味着引用上述附则。
第二条定义除另有明文规定外，本公约所用名词含义如下：１．“规则”是指本公约所附的规则；２．“主管机关”是指船旗国的政府；３．“国际航行”是指由适用本公约的国家驶往该国以外的港口，或与此反的航行。
为此，凡由缔约政府对其国际关系负责的每一领土，或由联合国管理的每一领土，都被视为单独的国家；４．“总吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定的船舶总容积；５．“净吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定的船舶有效容积；６．“新船”是指在本公约生效之日起安放龙骨，或处于类似建造阶段的舶；７．“现有船舶”是指非新船；８．“长度”是指水线总长度的９６％，该水线位于自龙骨上面量得的最型深的８５％处；或者是指该水线从艏柱前面量到上舵杆中心的长度，两者取其较大者，如船舶设计具有倾斜龙骨，作为测量本长度的水线应平行于设计水线；９．“组织”是指政府间海事协商组织（译注：以下译文简称“海协组织）。
第三条适用范围１．本公约适用于从事国际航行的下列船舶：（１）在各缔约政府的国家中登记的船舶；（２）在根据第二十条扩大适用本公约的领土内登记的船舶；（３）悬挂某缔约国政府国旗而不在该国登记的船舶。
２．本公约适用于：（１）新船；（２）经改建或改装的现有船舶，主管机关认为这种改建或改装对其现有总吨位有实质上的变更；（３）经船舶所有人提出要求适用本公约的现有船舶；（４）本公约生效之日起１２年以后的一切现有船舶；除本款（２）和（３）项中所述船舶外，还不包括为使其适用于现行其他国际公约的有关要求，而需保留其原有吨位的船舶。
３．对于已经根据本条第２款（３）项适用本公约的现有船舶，此后不得按照本公约生效前该主管机关对国际航行船舶的要求测定该船的吨位。
船舶吨位计算
（4d/3D）2值，按变更后的数据计算后，其值为0.3917，符合不大于1的要求；
K2VC（4d/3D）2值，经计算，该值为5355.00,小于0.25GT（6615.80），因公约规定该值不应小于0.25GT，则取0.25GT,6615.80；
检查应依据船方提供的完工图纸和吨位计算书进行。主要内容为：一是检查对照船舶图纸是否与实船一致，确定V、VC、V1、V2是否准确；二是对船舶上甲板位置及设备的状况进行核查。
2.1核查船体部分
对照船舶总布置图和船舶吨位证书所附的“计入吨位的船舶空间”，核查要求计入总体积的船体部分是否全部计入了船舶吨位计算。
使用公式NT=K2GT求得，K2由查表求得。
对船舶吨位相关内容
开展检查的一般程序
吨位检查的主要目的是为了使船舶及船检机构严格履行公约和法规规定；防止出现大船小吨位，造成设备低配、船员低配产生安全隐患；避免国家规费流失及相关港口费用损失；规范船舶市场，公平营运行为，打击不正当竞争；监督船舶设计及检验部门按规定行事。吨位检查应成为海事机构对船舶进行现场监督、船舶安全检查、港口国监督检查的重要内容。
5.1计算上甲板以下围蔽处所的容积V１
按公式V1=LBDC计算。其中，L为上甲板长度，B为型宽，D为型深，C为系数，可查表取得船首型、尾型和底型系数，三者相乘即得。
5.2计算上甲板以上围蔽处所的体积
按辛氏法则计算。
5.3计算船舶总吨
使用公式GT=K1（V1+V2），K1由查表求得。
5.4计算船舶净吨
1、现场核查
即对Ｎ轮“D”甲板作为上甲板的合理性进行的核查，主要是确定该层甲板的位置及其上下船舶有关装置的性能是否满足公约的要求。
1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约(附英文)
１９６９年国际船舶吨位丈量公约(附英文)生效日期：1982-07-18全文各缔约政府，愿为国际航行船舶的吨位丈量制订统一原则和规则，认为缔结一个公约可以最好地达到这一目的。
现已取得协议如下：第一条公约的一般义务各缔约政府，应承担义务实施本公约各项规定和它的附则，附则应视为本公约的组成部份，凡引用本公约时，同时也就意味着引用上述附则。
第二条定义除另有明文规定外，本公约所用名词含义如下：１．“规则”是指本公约所附的规则；２．“主管机关”是指船旗国的政府；３．“国际航行”是指由适用本公约的国家驶往该国以外的港口，或与此相反的航行。
为此，凡由缔约政府对其国际关系负责的每一领土，或由联合国管理的每一领土，都被视为单独的国家；４．“总吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定的船舶总容积；５．“净吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定的船舶有效容积；６．“新船”是指在本公约生效之日起安放龙骨，或处于类似建造阶段的船舶；７．“现有船舶”是指非新船；８．“长度”是指水线总长度的９６％，该水线位于自龙骨上面量得的最小型深的８５％处；或者是指该水线从艏柱前面量到上舵杆中心的长度，两者取其较大者，如船舶设计具有倾斜龙骨，作为测量本长度的水线应平行于设计水线；９．“组织”是指政府间海事协商组织（译注：以下译文简称“海协组织”）。
第三条适用范围１．本公约适用于从事国际航行的下列船舶：（１）在各缔约政府的国家中登记的船舶；（２）在根据第二十条扩大适用本公约的领土内登记的船舶；（３）悬挂某缔约国政府国旗而不在该国登记的船舶。
２．本公约适用于：（１）新船；（２）经改建或改装的现有船舶，主管机关认为这种改建或改装对其现有总吨位有实质上的变更；（３）经船舶所有人提出要求适用本公约的现有船舶；（４）本公约生效之日起１２年以后的一切现有船舶；除本款（２）和（３）项中所述船舶外，还不包括为使其适用于现行其他国际公约的有关要求，而需保留其原有吨位的船舶。
船舶安检员证书考试题及答案(1)
船舶安检员证书考试题及答案(1)一、判断题1、载重量系指船舶在比重为1.025的海水中，相应于所勘划的热带干舷载重水线排水量与该船空船排水量之差，以吨计。
()2、按SOLAS 附则，分舱和破损稳性计算中，每一普通舱室或某舱室的一部分的渗透率按实际情况自行确定。
()3、对客船和货船(除液货船外)，双层底设置应在适应船舶设计及船舶正常作业的情况下，必须自防撞舱壁延伸至尾尖舱舱壁。
()4、对客船和货船(除液货船外)，如需设置双层底，其内底应延伸至船舷两侧，以保护船底至舭部弯曲部位。
()5、按对水密舱壁构造的要求，在所有情况下，水密分隔舱壁应能至少支承水头达到舱壁甲板所产生的压力。
()6、救助艇处于在10min内能降落下水的持续备用状态。
()7、救助艇在合理和可行范围内，每个月乘载船员下水并在水上进行操纵无论如何超过6个月。
()8、所有300总吨及以上，但小于500总吨的货船，应至少配备2台符合IMO性能标准的双向VHF无线电话设备。
()9、关于救生的定期检查问题，下面的描述是否正确?所有救生艇和救助艇的发动机应每周进行运转试验，且总时间不少于3 min。
() 10、鼓励船长在遇到风速60 kn 或以上(蒲福风级10 级)时，通知附近船舶及海岸电台。
()二、单项选择题1、客船每一动力滑动水密门应设置一套独立的手动机械装置。
该装置能从门的任何一侧用手开启和关闭;此外，还能在舱壁甲板上可到达之处用全周旋摇柄转动或主管机关接受的具有同样安全程度的其他动作关闭该门。
在所有操纵位置处须清楚地标明旋转方向或其他动作的方向。
在船舶正浮时，手动操纵装置将门完全关闭的时间应不超过___s。
A.90B.80C.70D.602、分舱的程度应视船舶的分舱长度(Ls)与用途而变化，以载客为主的船舶，其分舱长度___则分舱程度___。
A.愈大，愈高B.愈高，愈大C.愈长，愈大D.愈大，愈强3、辅助操舵装置能在船舶最深航海吃水和以最大营运前进航速的一半或7 节(取大者)前进时,在不超过___s 内将舵自一舷15°转至另一舷15°。
《1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约》修正案(第A.1084(28)号决议)
《1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约》修正案(第A.1084(28)号决议)文章属性•【缔约国】•【条约领域】海上运输•【公布日期】2017.02.08•【条约类别】公约•【签订地点】正文《1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约》修正案第A．1084(28)号决议(2013年12月4日通过)，2017年2月28日生效大会，忆及《国际海事组织公约》有关大会在海上安全的有关规则和导则方面的职能的第十五条第(十)款，又忆及大会以第A．1070(28)号决议通过了《国际海事组织文书实施规则》(《文书实施规则》)，注意到为使《文书实施规则》成为强制性规则的《1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约》 (《1969年吨位丈量公约》)建议修正案，又注意到海上安全委员会在其第九十一届会议上按照《1969年吨位丈量公约》第18(3) (a)条通过了该建议修正案，审议了《1969年吨位丈量公约》建议修正案，1．按照《1969年吨位丈量公约》第18(3)(b)条，通过载于本决议附件中的修正案；2．按照附则Ⅲ新的第8条，确定在《文书实施规则》[第A．1070(28)号决议附件]中除第 29、30、31和32段外，无论何处使用到“应(should)”字都等同于“须(shall)”字；3．要求秘书长按照《1969年吨位丈量公约》第18(3)(b)条，将本决议及其附件的核证无误副本发送给上述公约的所有缔约政府，以供考虑和接受，以及将此副本发送给所有本组织成员国；4．吁请有关的各国政府尽早接受该修正案；5．决定，在依据本决议要求的接受而生效之前，如果上述修正案在按照《1969年吨位丈量公约》第18(2)条获得一致接受后生效，本决议将作废。
附件《1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约》附则I和附则Ⅲ的修正案附则I确定船舶总吨位和净吨位的规则第2条-附则中所用术语的定义1 在定义第(8)项后增加以下定义：“(9)审核系指一套系统的、独立的和有文件记录的程序以获取审核证据，以及客观地对其评价以确定达到审核标准的程度。
单位内部认证船舶结构知识考试(试卷编号171)
单位内部认证船舶结构知识考试(试卷编号171)1.[单选题]上层连续甲板是指______。
A)船体的最高一层甲板B)船体的最高一层全通甲板C)水密横舱壁上伸到达的连续甲板D)平台甲板答案:B解析:2.[单选题]在船舶事故报告中受损外板的编号为“SF6”，其含义是______A)右舷第6列第F块板B)左舷第6列第F块板C)右舷第F列第6块板D)左舷第F列第6块板答案:C解析:3.[单选题]普通轻型单吊杆各构件受力都作用在吊杆和千斤索所组成的___A)水平面内B)垂直平面内C)多边形平面内D)平衡平面内答案:B解析:4.[单选题]液体退敏爆炸品属于《国际危规》中的危险货物。
A)第1.2类B)第3类C)第4.1类D)B或C答案:C解析:5.[单选题]锚机在额定拉力与额定速度时的连续工作时间应不少于:A)60分钟B)45分钟C)30分钟D)15分钟6.[单选题]船舶初始浮态为尾倾，现在漂心前浮心后加载部分货物，会使尾倾。
A)增大B)减小C)不变D)不确定答案:D解析:7.[单选题]位于开敞甲板的干舷甲板和后升高甲板及在距首垂线1/4L以前的开敞的上层建筑甲板上的通风筒，其甲板以上的围板高度应不小于___mmA)2300B)4500C)760D)900答案:D解析:8.[单选题]用以表征船舶容积能力的指标包括。
A)货舱容积B)总载重量C)空船重量D)船舶装载排水量答案:A解析:9.[单选题]包装弱、重量轻的箱装货，在堆装时一般采用______。
.A)压缝堆码B)垂直堆码C)扎位堆装D)纵横压缝堆码答案:A解析:10.[单选题]主船体各层甲板中受力最大的一层甲板是______。
A)平台甲板B)艇甲板C)起居甲板D)强力甲板答案:D11.[单选题]船体纵向结构排列密而小横向构件排列疏而大的骨架结构属于______A)横骨架式结构B)纵骨架式结构C)纵横混合架式D)横纵混合骨架式答案:B解析:12.[单选题]食物可与混装。
1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约
注册(容积)总吨Gross Registered Tonnage (GRT)注册(容积)净吨Net Registered Tonnage (NRT)总载重吨位(量) Deadweight Tonnage (All Told) (DWT or D.W.A.T)总载重吨位Gross Dead Weight Tonnage净载重吨Dead Weight Cargo Tonnage (DWCT)轻排水量Light Displacement满载排水量Load (Loaded)Displacement实际排水量Actual Displacement超重附加费Over weight surcharge燃油附加费Bunker Adjustment Factor (Surcharge) (BAS or BS)港口附加费Port Surcharge港口拥挤附加费Port Congestion Surcharge货币贬值附加费Currency Adjustment Factor (CAF)绕航附加费Deviation surcharge直航附加费Direct Additional选卸港附加费Additional for Optional Destination变更卸货港附加费Additional for Alteration of Destination熏蒸费Fumigation Charge提单Bill of Lading已装船提单On Board (Shipped) B/L备运(收妥待运)提单Received for shipment B/L记名提单Named B/L不记名提单Bearer B/L指示提单Order B/L空白备书Blank Endorsement清洁提单Clean B/L外表状况良好In apparent good order and condition不清洁提单Unclean ( Foul, Dirty) B/L直航提单Direct B/L转船提单Transshipment B/良好天气工作日Weather working days (W.W.D)船舶准备就绪通知书Notice of Readiness (NOR)例行手续Idle formality装卸时间计算表Laytime statement延期损失Damage for Detention习惯快速装运Customary Quick Despatch (CQD)国际海上危险品货物规则(国际危规) International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG) 托运单(定舱委托书) Booking Note装货单(下货纸) Shipping Order (S/O)收货单Mate’s Receipt装货清单Loading List载货清单(货物舱单) Cargo Manifest货物积载计划Stowage Plan危险品清单Dangerous Cargo List积载因素(系数) Stowage Factor进港货Inward cargo出港货Outward cargo集装箱堆场Container yard (CY)集装箱货运站Container Freight Station ( CFS)集装箱装箱单Container Load Plan集装箱两用船Conventional Container Ship半集装箱船Semi-container Ship全集装箱船Full Container Ship整箱货Full Container Load (FCL)拼箱货Less Container Load (LCL)提货单(小提单) Delivery Order (D/O)场站收据Dock receipt二十尺集装箱换算单位Twenty equivalent unit (TEU)集装箱设备交接单Equipment Interchange Receipt ( EIR) 滞期费Demurrage回程运费Backfreight空载行驶Ballast (to)驳船Barge船员不轨Barratry桶抓Barrel handler垫底货Base cargo (1)起运货量Base cargo (2)捆(包装单位) Bundle (Bd)船宽Beam提单持有人Bearer ( of a B/L)装卸两港Both ends (Bends)缆工Boatman浮标Buoy燃料涨价条款Bunker escalation clause吊杆Derrick铲车Fork-lift truck铲车臂Boom of a fork-lift truck互有过失碰撞条款Both to blame collision clause洽订舱位Book space船体Bottom舱底货Bottom stow cargo船舶抵押贷款Bottomry loan零担Breakbulk零担货物Breakbulk cargo亏舱Broken stowage经纪人佣金Brokerage散装货Bulk cargo散货船Bulk carrier散货集装箱Bulk container美国船级社American Bureau of Shipping (A.B.S.)公会Conference拥挤Congestion拥挤费Congestion surcharge集装箱/滚装两用船Con-ro ship连续航程Consecutive voyages托运Consign收货人Consignee发货人Consignor托运；托运的货物Consignment拼箱Consolidation (groupage)联营Consortium常数Constants集装箱驳船Container barge集装箱租赁Container leasing集装箱化Containerization已装箱的，已集装箱化的Containerised集装箱船Containership货物污染Contamination (of cargo )分摊价值Contributory value传送带Conveyor belt集装箱(角件) Corner casting (fitting)集装箱(角柱) Corner post起重机Crane履带式(轨道式)起重机Crawler mounted crane港口惯例Custom of the port (COP)惯常协助Customary assistance日常营运成本Daily running cost亏舱费Deadfreight重量货Deadweight (weight) cargo载货量Deadweight cargo (carrying)capacity预计到达时间Estimated time of arrival ( ETA)预计完成时间Estimated time of completion (ETC)预计离港时间Estimated time of departure (ETD)预计准备就绪时间Estimated time of readiness (ETR) 预计航行时间Estimated time of sailing (ETS)欧式托盘Europallet即使使用Even if used (E.I.U.)除外期间Excepted period异议Exception免责条款Exceptions clause溢卸Excess landing装卸欺瞒Expiry of laytime延长诉讼时间Extend suit time延长租期Extend a charter租期延长Extension of a charter诉讼时间延长Extension to suit time最大宽度Extreme breadth航道Fairway支线运输服务Feeder service支线船Feeder ship渡轮Ferry一级船First class ship方便旗船Flag of convenience (FOC)浮吊Floating crane浮坞Floating dock不可抗力Force majeure铲车Fork-lift truck四十英尺集装箱换算单位Forty foot equivalent unit (FEU) 四边开槽托盘Four-way pallet干Freeboard麻垫Gunny matting海牙规则Hague Rules海牙维斯比规则Hague-Visby Rules汉堡规则Hamburg Rules手钩Hand hook杂散货船Handymax小型散货船Handy-sized bulker海港Harbour港务费Harbour dues舱盖Hatch (hatch cover)舱口Hatchway主租船合同Head charter (charter party)主租船人Head charterer超重货物Heavy lift超重附加费Heavy lift additional (surcharge)重型吊杆Heavy lift derrick恶劣天气Heavy weather重油Heavy fuel oil (H.F.O)租金单Hire statement船舱Hold船籍港Home port同种货物Homogeneous cargo吊钩Hook漏斗Hopper运输代理行提单House Bill of Lading气垫船Hovercraft维修Husbandry内陆集装箱Inland container depot破冰船Ice-breaker承运人责任条款Identity of carrier clause绑扎物Lashings纬度Latitude候载停泊区Lay-by berth装卸货时间Laydays (laytime)销约期Laydays canceling (Laycan或L/C)节省的装卸时间Laytime saved装卸时间记录Laytime statement搁置不用Lay up航段Leg (of a voyage)(船舶)总长Length overall (overall length ,简称LOA)担保书(函) Letter of indemnity留置权Lien吊上吊下Lift-on lift-off (LO-LO)驳船Lighter责任限制Limitation of liability航运公司Line (shipping line)班轮Liner ( liner ship)运费不包括卸货费Liner in free out (LIFO)班轮条件Liner terms劳埃德船级社Lloyd’s Register of Shipping载重线Loadline (load line)装货口Loading hatch航海日志摘录Log abstract超长附加费Long length additional长吨Long ton经度Longitude整笔运费租赁Lump sum charter处女航Maiden voyage主甲板Main deck主要港口Main port无效果无报酬No cure no pay不另列举Not otherwise enumerated (N.O.E.)指定船舶进行航行Nominate a ship指定船舶To be nominated (TBN)非公会成员的航运公司Non-conference line (Independent line ,Outsider) 未交货Non-delivery不可流通的提单Non-negotiable bill of lading不可调配使用的装卸时间Non-reversible laytime无船承运人Non-vessel owning(operating) common carrier (NVOCC)不保持浮泊但安全搁浅Not always afloat but safe aground作海事声明Note protest还船通知书Notice of redelivery通知方Notify party海运单Ocean (Liner, Sea) waybill停租Off hire油轮Oil tanker货运中转On-carriage接运承运人On-carrier单边槽货盘One-way pallet敞舱口散货船Open hatch bulk carrier优惠费率Open rate优惠费率货物Open rated cargo侧开式集装箱Open side container开顶集装箱Open top container经营船舶Operate a ship选港货物Optional cargo矿石/散货/油轮Ore/bulk/oil carrier超标(货物) Out of gauge小港Outport卸货Outturn平台式集装箱Platform flat(班轮公司间分摊货物或运费)分摊制Pooling港口，船的左舷Port避难港Port of refuge便携式卸货机Portable unloader订约后期工作Post fixture追补报关单Post-entry(租船合同)前言Preamble预报单Pre-entry运输前费用Pre-shipment charges预定积载Pre-stow自用式租船合同Private form租约格式Pro forma charter-party侧开式集装箱Produce carrier液体货运输船Product (products) carrier促销费率Promotional rate预期Prospects船东利益保护人Protecting (protective, supervisory) agent船东保赔协会Protection and indemnity club (association) (P.& I. Club ,Pandi club) 保护性条款Protective clauses海事声明Protest泵工Pumpman(吊杆)滑车组Purchase船尾跳板Quarter ramp后甲板Quarter-deck码头Quay报价Quote跳板Ramp(跳板)舱口盖Ramp/hatch cover港序Rotation往返航次Round voyage全球性服务Round the world (service) (R.T.W.)搁浅Run aground连续日Running days安全搁浅Safe aground安全泊位Safe berth (s.b)安全港口Safe port (S.P)安全工作负荷Safe working load无线电报设备安全证书Safety radio-telegraphy certificate(提单术语)内货据称Said to contain (s.t.c.)航行,离港Sail船期表Sailing schedule (card)救助费Salvage charges救助协议Salvage agreement救助Salve救助人Salvor星期六、日与节假日除外Saturdays,Sundays and holidays excepted (S.S.H.E.X.)星期六、日与节假日包括在内Saturdays,Sundays and holidays included (S.S.H.I.N.C) 斯堪人航次祖租船合同Scancon斯堪人航次祖租船合同提单Scanconbill构件尺寸Scantlings特种商品报价Special commodity quotation (SCQ)废料场Scrap terminal单层甲板船Single deck ship (s.d.)Sea waybillSeal固定Secure (to)分隔压载水舱Segregated ballast tank自备起重机的集装箱船Self-sustaining ship特许非会员公司Tolerated outsider撑货Tomming (down)每厘米吃水吨数Tones per centimeter (TPI)每天装卸吨数Tones per day (TPD)每英寸吃水吨数Tones per inch (TPI)堆顶货Top stow cargo总载重量Total deadweight (TDW)(货物)查询单Tracer牵引车Tractor航行范围Trading limits拖车Trailer设备租用费Transfer (equipment handover) charge转船Transship (trans-ship)转船Transhipment (transshipment,trans-shipment)过境货物Transit cargo轨道式起重机Transporter crane货盘Tray平舱Trim调整船舶吃水Trim a ship拖轮Tug船舶周转时间Turn round (around , or turnaround) time 等泊时间Turn time二层甲板Tween deck双舱口船Twin hatch vessel两边开槽托盘Two-way pallet超大型油轮Ultra large crude carrier (ULCC)不适箱货Uncontainerable (uncontainerisable) cargo货舱运输Under deck shipment成组运输Unit load成组化Unitisation姐妹船Sister ship垫木Skid吊货盘Skip滑动舱盖Sliding hatch cover吊货索(链)环，吊起Sling污水箱Slop tank污水Slops箱位Slot特殊设备Special equipment比重Specific gravity(s.g.)螺旋式卸货机Spiral elevator横撐(集装箱吊具) Spreader船身下沉Squat右舷Starboard (side)事实记录Statement of facts船艏，装期供货Stem预订泊位Stem a berth船尾Stern装卸工人Stevedore手钩Stevedor’s (docker’s,hand) hook装卸费用Stevedoring charges稳性过大Stiff搁浅Stranding加固舱Strengthened hold罢工条款Strike clause罢工阻碍Strike-bound卸集装箱Strip (destuff) a container 封条Strip seal装集装箱Stuff (to)转租人Sub-charterer。
船舶吨位计算
船舶吨位丈量及其在船舶安全检查中的应用二、在任何事情上都不要觉得自己受了多大的委屈，哭哭啼啼和别别扭扭改变不了糟糕的现状。
心子开一点，认真地该干啥干啥，反倒走得顺畅许多。
扛得住多少东西，最后就会得到多少东西，大致就是这么个理儿吧。
三、生命本没有意义，你要能给他什么意义，他就有什么意义。
与其终日冥想人生有何意义，不如试用此生做点有意义的事。
四、爱怕沉默。
太多的人，以为爱到深处是无言。
其实，爱是很难描述的一种情感，需要详尽的表达和传递。
五、有些路，只能一个人走。
六、有一种落差是，你配不上自己的野心，也辜负了所受的苦难。
七、有些决定，只需要一分钟，可是，却会用一辈子，去后悔那一分钟。
八、“忽然想通了”,这五个字说来简单，要做到可真不容易。
我佛如来在菩堤树下得道，就因为他“忽然想通了”.达摩祖师面壁十八年，才总算“忽然想通了”.无论什么事，你只要能“忽然想通了”,你就不会有烦恼，但达到这地步之前，你一定已不知道有过多少烦恼。
九、如果他总为别人撑伞，你何苦非为他等在雨中。
十、我对前任的感觉很简单，哪怕他的女朋友来我面前秀恩爱，我也不会觉得烦。
就像在看别人吃一碗很香的卤肉饭，吧唧嘴巴弄得很大声，但我自己心里是明白的：我吃过那种饭，其实没那么好吃。
十一、为什么我们总是不懂得珍惜眼前人？在未可预知的重逢里，我们以为总会重逢，总会有缘再会，总以为有机会说一声对不起，却从没想过每一次挥手道别，都可能是诀别，每一声叹息，都可能是人间最后的一声叹息。
十二、我在最好的时候碰到你，是我的运气。
可惜我没时间了。
想想，说人生无悔，都是赌气的话。
人生若无悔，那该多无趣啊。
我心里有过你。
可我也只能到喜欢为止了。
十三、我说不出来为什么爱你，但我知道，你就是我不爱别人的理由。
十四、当你在转圈的时候，这个世界很大，当你勇往直前，这个世界就很小。
十五、现在男女之间的恋爱，总是答应太快，结果分手也快。
人性的规律是容易得到的就容易放弃。
凡是通过努力得到的，不管是感情还是物品，都会使人顿生珍惜之感。
总吨位与净吨位[新版]
![总吨位与净吨位[新版]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/8d2238aaf021dd36a32d7375a417866fb84ac04d.png)
总吨位按照吨位丈量规范丈量所得的船舶内部容积，以吨位表示。
一吨位等于100立方英尺（或2.83立方米）。
船舶吨位用于船舶登记，所以又称登记吨位。
种类船舶吨位分总吨位和净吨位。
①总吨位：丈量确定的船舶内部总容积。
总吨位一般用于表示：船舶的大小，一国或一个公司的拥有船舶量，计算造船费用，计算船舶保险费用，在有关国际公约和船舶规范中作为划分船舶等级以确定技术管理和设备要求的标准，以及作为船舶登记、检验和丈量的收费标准等。
②净吨位:从总吨位中减去不能用于载运客货的容积后的船舶有效容积。
净吨位一般作为交付船舶税、港口费、引水费、码头费、代理费等的计算基准。
船舶通过苏伊士运河和巴拿马运河的通行税即按净吨位计算。
丈量计算方法15世纪在英法之间有很多商船从事酒的贸易。
英国人为便于课税，曾以一定规格的装酒桶桶数表示船舶吨位数。
19世纪40年代提出了总吨位和净吨位概念。
1 854年英国商船法采用G.摩逊提出的按辛普森积分法则计算船舶容积的丈量方法。
摩逊用他的方法丈量了当时英国拥有的商船，得到以立方英尺表示的船舶总吨位，再从总吨位中减去不赢利的空间得到有效的载货容积，并将其与这些船舶按旧的丈量方法得到的净吨位相比较,得到98.22立方英尺相当于一吨位。
为便于计算起见,取100立方英尺为一吨位。
从此世界各个国家和地区都以英国的方法为基础，制订或修订各自的“船舶吨位丈量规则”。
采用公制的国家以2.83立方米为一吨位,近似于100立方英尺。
由于各国所订“船舶吨位丈量规则”不同,同一艘船按不同的规则丈量,结果就不相同。
政府间海事协商组织（现国际海事组织,IMO）1969年举行的大会制定了《1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约》。
公约附则规定了船舶总吨位和净吨位计算公式，改革了原来繁复的丈量方法。
未参加公约的国家和地区，仍用与公约不同的规则丈量船舶吨位。
中华人民共和国船舶检验局于1959年1月1日颁布了《船舶吨位丈量规范》。
以后，按照《1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约》，又颁布了新的《船舶吨位丈量规范》。
1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约(英)
【名称】INTERNA TIONAL CONVENTION ON TONNAGE MEASUREMENT OF SHIPS, 1969【题注】Whole documentThe Contracting Governments,DESIRING to establish uniform principles and rules with respect to thedetermination of tonnage of ships engaged on international voyages;CONSIDERING that this end may best be achieved by the conclusion of aConvention;HA VE AGREED as follows:Article 1 General Obligation under the ConventionThe Contracting Governments undertake to give effect to the provisionsof the present Convention and the Annexes hereto which shall constitute anintegral part of the present Convention. Every reference to the presentConvention constitutes at the same time a reference to the Annexes.Article 2 DefinitionsFor the purpose of the present Convention, unless expressly providedotherwise:(1) "Regulations" means the Regulations annexed to the presentConvention;(2) "Administration" means the Government of the State whose flag theship is flying;(3) "international voyage" means a sea voyage from a country to whichthe present Convention applies to a port outside such country, or conversely. For this purpose, every territory for the internationalrelations of which a Contracting Government is responsible or for whichthe United Nations are the administering authority is regarded as aseparate country;(4) "gross tonnage" means the measure of the overall size of a ship determined in accordance with the provisions of the present Convention;(5) "net tonnage" means the measure of the useful capacity of a ship determined in accordance with the provisions of the present Convention;(6) "new ship" means a ship the keel of which is laid, or which is ata similar stage of construction, on or after the date of coming into forceof the present Convention;(7) "existing ship" means a ship which is not a new ship;(8) "length" means 96 per cent of the total length on a waterline at85 per cent of the least moulded depth measured from the top of the keel,or the length from the fore side of the stem to the axis of the rudderstock on that waterline, if that be greater. In ships designed with a rakeof keel the waterline on which this length is measured shall be parallelto the designed waterline;(9) "Organization" means the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization.Article 3 Application(1) The present Convention shall apply to the following ships engaged on international voyages;(a) ships registered in countries the Governments of which are Contracting Governments;(b) ships registered in territories to which the present Convention is extended under Article 20; and(c) unregistered ships flying the flag of a State, the Government of which is a Contracting Government.(2) The present Convention shall apply to:(a) new ships;(b) existing ships which undergo alterations or modifications which the Administration deems to be a substantial variation in their existing gross tonnage;(c) existing ships if the owner so requests; and(d) all existing ships, twelve years after the date on which the Convention comes into force, except that such ships, apart from those mentioned in (b) and (c) of this paragraph, shall retain their thenexisting tonnages for the purpose of the application to them of relevant requirements under other existing International Conventions.(3) Existing ships to which the present Convention has been applied in accordance with sub-paragraph (2) (c) of this Article shall not subsequently have their tonnages determined in accordance with therequirements which the Administration applied to ships on international voyages prior to the coming into force of the present Convention.Article 4 Exceptions(1) The present Convention shall not apply to:(a) ships of war; and(b) ships of less than 24 metres (79 feet) in length.(2) Nothing herein shall apply to ships solely navigating:(a) the Great Lakes of North America and the River St. Lawrence as far east as a rhumb line drawn from Cap des Rosiers to West Point, Anticosti Island, and, on the north side of Anticosti Island, the meridian oflongitude 63°W;(b) the Caspian Sea; or(c) the Plate, Parana and Uruguay Rivers as far east as a rhumb line drawn between Punta Rasa (Cabo San Antonio), Argentina, and Punta del Este, Uruguay.Article 5 Force Majeure(1) A ship which is not subject to the provisions of the present Convention at the time of its departure on any voyage shall not become subject to such provisions on account of any deviation from its intended voyage due to stress of weather or any other cause of force majeure.(2) In applying the provisions of the present Convention, the Contracting Governments shall give due consideration to any deviation ordelay caused to any ship owing to stress of weather or any other cause of force majeure.Article 6 Determination of TonnagesThe determination of gross and net tonnages shall be carried out by the Administration which may, however, entrust such determination either to persons or organizations recognized by it. In every case the Administration Concerned shall accept full responsibility for the determination of gross and net tonnages.Article 7 Issue of Certificate(1) An International Tonnage Certificate (1969) shall be issued to every ship, the gross and net tonnages of which have been determined in accordance with the present Convention.(2) Such certificate shall be issued by the Administration or by any person or organization duly authorized by it. In every case, the Administration shall assume full responsibility for the certificate.Article 8 Issue of Certificate by another Government(1) A Contracting Government may, at the request of another Contracting Government,determine the gross and net tonnages of a ship and issue or authorize the issue of an International Tonnage Certificate (1969) to the ship in accordance with the present Convention.(2) A copy of the certificate and a copy of the calculations of the tonnages shall be transmitted as early as possible to the requestingGovernment.(3) A certificate so issued shall contain a statement to the effect that it has been issued at the request of the Government of the State whose flag the ship is or will be flying and it shall have the same validity and receive the same recognition as a certificate issued under Article 7.(4) No International Tonnage Certificate (1969) shall be issued to a ship which is flying the flag of a State the Government of which is not a Contracting Government.Article 9 Form of Certificate(1) The certificate shall be drawn up in the official language or languages of the issuing country. If the language used is neither English nor French, the text shall include a translation into one of these languages.(2) The form of the certificate shall correspond to that of the model given in Annex II.Article 10 Cancellation of Certificate(1) Subject to any exceptions provided in the Regulations, an International Tonnage Certificate (1969) shall cease to be valid and shall be cancelled by the Administration if alterations have taken place in the arrangement, construction, capacity, use of spaces, total number of passengers the ship is permitted to carry as indicated in the ship"spassenger certificate, assigned load line or permitted draught of theship, such as would necessitate an increase in gross tonnage or net tonnage.(2) A certificate issued to a ship by an Administration shall cease tobe valid upon transfer of such a ship to the flag of another State, exceptas provided in paragraph (3) of this Article.(3) Upon transfer of a ship to the flag of another State theGovernment of which is a Contracting Government, the International Tonnage Certificate (1969) shall remain in force for a period not exceeding three months, or until the Administration issues another International Tonnage Certificate (1969) to replace it, whichever is the earlier. TheContracting Government of the State whose flag the ship was flyinghitherto shall transmit to the Administration as soon as possible afterthe transfer takes place a copy of the certificate carried by the ship atthe time of transfer and a copy of the relevant tonnage calculations.Article 11 Acceptance of CertificateThe certificate issued under the authority of a Contracting Government in accordance with the present Convention shall be accepted by the other Contracting Governments and regarded for all purposes covered by the present Convention as having the same validity as certificates issued by them.Article 12 Inspection(1) A ship flying the flag of a State the Government of which is a Contracting Government shall be subject, when in the ports of other Contracting Governments, to inspection by officers duly authorized by such Governments. Such inspection shall be limited to the purpose of verifying:(a) that the ship is provided with a valid International Tonnage Certificate (1969); and(b) that the main characteristics of the ship correspond to the data given in the certificate.(2) In no case shall the exercise of such inspection cause any delayto the ship.(3) Should the inspection reveal that the main characteristics of the ship differ from those entered on the International Tonnage Certificate (1969) so as to lead to an increase in the gross tonnage or the net tonnage, the Government of the State whose flag the ship is flying shallbe informed without delay.Article 13 PrivilegesThe privileges of the present Convention may not be claimed in favour of any ship unless it holds a valid certificate under the Convention.Article 14 Prior Treaties, Conventions and Arrangements(1) All other treaties, conventions and arrangements relating to tonnage matters at present in force between Governments Parties to the present Convention shall continue to have full and complete effect duringthe terms thereof as regards:(a) ships to which the present Convention does not apply; and(b) ships to which the present Convention applies, in respect of matters for which it has not expressly provided.(2) To the extent, however, that such treaties, conventions, or arrangements conflict with the provisions of the present Convention, the provisions of the present Convention shall prevail.Article 15 Communication of InformationThe Contracting Governments undertake to communicate to and deposit with the Organization:(a) a sufficient number of specimens of their certificates issuedunder the provisions of the present Convention for circulation to the Contracting Governments;(b) the text of the laws, orders, decrees, regulations and other instruments which shall have been promulgated on the various matters within the scope of the present Convention;and(c) a list of non-governmental agencies which are authorized to act in their behalf in matters relating to tonnages for circulation to the Contracting Governments.Article 16 Signature, Acceptance and Accession(1) The present Convention shall remain open for signature for six months from 23 June 1969, and shall thereafter remain open for accession.Governments of States Members of the United Nations, or of any of the Specialized Agencies, or of the International Atomic Energy Agency, or parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice may become Parties to the Convention by:(a) signature without reservation as to acceptance;(b) signature subject to acceptance followed by acceptance; or(c) accession.(2) Acceptance or accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of acceptance or accession with the Organization. The Organization shall inform all Governments which have signed the present Convention or acceded to it of each new acceptance or accession and of the date of its deposit. The Organization shall also inform all Governments which have already signed the Convention of any signature effected during the six months from 23 June 1969.Article 17 Coming into Force(1) The present Convention shall come into force twenty-four months after the date on which not less than twenty-five Governments of States the combined merchant fleets of which constitute not less than sixty-five per cent of the gross tonnage of the world"s merchant shipping have signed without reservation as to acceptance or deposited instruments of acceptance or accession in accordance with Article 16. The Organization shall inform all Governments which have signed or acceded to the presentConvention of the date on which it comes into force.(2) For Governments which have deposited an instrument of acceptance of or accession to the present Convention during the twenty-four months mentioned in paragraph (1)of this Article, the acceptance or accession shall take effect on the coming into force of the present Convention orthree months after the date of deposit of the instrument of acceptance or accession whichever is the later date.(3) For Governments which have deposited an instrument of acceptance of or accession to the present Convention after the date on which it comes into force, the Convention shall come into force three months after thedate of the deposit of such instrument.(4) After the date on which all the measures required to bring an amendment to the present Convention into force have been completed, or all necessary acceptances are deemed to have been given under sub-paragraph (b) of paragraph (2) of Article 18 in case of amendment by unanimous acceptance, any instrument of acceptance or accession deposited shall be deemed to apply to the Convention as amended.Article 18 Amendments(1) The present Convention may be amended upon the proposal of a Contracting Government by any of the procedures specified in this Article.(2) Amendment by unanimous acceptance:(a) Upon the request of a Contracting Government, any amendmentproposed by it to the present Convention shall be communicated by the Organization to all Contracting Governments for consideration with a viewto unanimous acceptance.(b) Any such amendment shall enter into force twelve months after the date of its acceptance by all Contracting Governments unless an earlierdate is agreed upon. A Contracting Government which does not communicate its acceptance or rejection of the amendment to the Organization within twenty-four months of its first communication by the latter shall bedeemed to have accepted the amendment.(3) Amendment after consideration in the Organization:(a) Upon the request of a Contracting Government, any amendment proposed by it to the present Convention will be considered in the Organization. If adopted by a majority of two-thirds of those present and voting in the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization,such amendment shall be communicated to all Members of the Organization and all Contracting Governments at least six months prior to its consideration bythe Assembly of the Organization.(b) If adopted by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting inthe Assembly, the amendment shall be communicated by the Organization to all Contracting Governments for their acceptance.(c) Such amendment shall come into force twelve months after the date on which it is accepted by two-thirds of the Contracting Governments. Theamendment shall come into force with respect to all Contracting Governments except those which, before it comes into force, make a declaration that they do not accept the amendment.(d) thirds of the Governments represented on the Maritime Safety Committee and present and voting in the Assembly, may propose a determination at the time of its adoption that an amendment is of such an important nature that any Contracting Government which makes a declaration under sub-paragraph (c) of this paragraph and which does not accept the amendment within a period of twelve months after it comes into force,shall cease to be a party to the present Convention upon the expiry ofthat period. This determination shall be subject to the prior acceptanceof two-thirds of the Contracting Governments.(e) Nothing in this paragraph shall prevent the Contracting Government which first proposed action under this paragraph on an amendment to the present Convention from taking at any time such alternative action as it deems desirable in accordance with paragraphs (2) or (4) of this Article.(4) Amendment by a conference:(a) Upon the request of a Contracting Government, concurred in by at least one-third of the Contracting Governments, a conference of Governments will be convened by the Organization to consider amendments to the Present Convention.(b) Every amendment adopted by such a conference by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting of the Contracting Governments shall be communicated by the Organization to all Contracting Governments for their acceptance.(c) Such amendment shall come into force twelve months after the date on which it is accepted by two-thirds of the Contracting Governments. The amendment shall come into force with respect to all Contracting Governments except those which, before it comes into force, make a declaration that they do not accept the amendment.(d) By a two-thirds majority of those present and voting, a conference convened under sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph may determine at the time of its adoption that an amendment is of such an important nature that any Contracting Government which makes a declaration under sub-paragraph (c) of this paragraph, and which does not accept the amendment within a period of twelve months after it comes into force, shall cease to be aparty to the present Convention upon the expiry of that period.(5) The Organization shall inform all Contracting Governments of any amendments which may come into force under this Article, together with the date on which each such amendment will come into force.(6) Any acceptance or declaration under this Article shall be made by the deposit of an instrument with the Organization which shall notify all Contracting Governments of the receipt of the acceptance or declaration.Article 19 Denunciation(1) The present Convention may be denounced by any Contracting Government at any time after the expiry of five years from the date on which the Convention comes into force for that Government.(2) Denunciation shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument with the Organization which shall inform all the other Contracting Governments of any such denunciation received and of the date of its receipt.(3) A denunciation shall take effect one year, or such longer period as may be specified in the instrument of denunciation, after its receiptby the Organization.Article 20 Territories(1) (a) The United Nations, in cases where they are the administering authority for a territory, or any Contracting Government responsible for the international relations of a territory, shall as soon as possibleconsult with such territory or take such measures as may be appropriate in an endeavour to extend the present Convention to that territory and may at any time by notification in writing to the Organization declare that the present Convention shall extend to such territory.(b) The present Convention shall, from the date of receipt of the notification or from such other date as may be specified in the notification, extend to the territory named therein.(2) (a) The United Nations, or any Contracting Government which has made a declaration under sub-paragraph (a) of paragraph (1) of thisArticle at any time after the expiry of a period of five years from thedate on which the Convention has been so extended to any territory, may by notification in writing to the Organization declare that the present Convention shall cease to extend to any such territory named in the notification.(b) The present Convention shall cease to extend to any territory mentioned in such notification one year, or such longer period as may be specified therein, after the date of receipt of the notification by the Organization.(3) The Organization shall inform all the Contracting Governments of the extension of the present Convention to any territories under paragraph (1) of this Article, and of the termination of any such extension underthe provisions of paragraph (2) stating in each case the date from whichthe present Convention has been or will cease to be so extended.Article 21 Deposit and Registration(1) The present Convention shall be deposited with the Organization and the Secretary-General of the Organization shall transmit certifiedtrue copies thereof to all Signatory Governments and to all Governments which accede to the present Convention.(2) As soon as the present Convention comes into force, the text shallbe transmitted by the Secretary-General of the Organization to theSecretariat of the United Nations for registration and publication, inaccordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.Article 22 LanguagesThe present Convention is established in a single copy in the Englishand French languages,both texts being equally authentic. Officialtranslations in the Russian and Spanish languages shall be prepared anddeposited with the signed original.IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned being duly authorized by theirrespective Governments for that purpose have signed the presentConvention.*[* Signatures omitted.]DONE AT LONDON this twenty-third day of June 1969.ANNEX I REGULATIONS FOR DETERMINING GROSS AND NET TONNAGES OFSHIPSRegulation 1 General(1) The tonnage of a ship shall consist of gross tonnage and nettonnage.(2) The gross tonnage and the net tonnage shall be determined inaccordance with the provisions of these Regulations.(3) The gross tonnage and the net tonnage of novel types of craftwhose constructional features are such as to render the application of the provisions of these Regulations unreasonable or impracticable shall be as determined by the Administration. Where the tonnage is so determined, the Administration shall communicate to the Organization details of the method used for that purpose, for circulation to the Contracting Governments for their information.Regulation 2 Definitions of Terms used in the Annexes(1) Upper DeckThe upper deck is the uppermost complete deck exposed to weather and sea, which has permanent means of weathertight closing of all openings in the weather part thereof, and below which all openings in the sides of the ship are fitted with permanent means of watertight closing in a shiphaving a stepped upper deck, the lowest line of the exposed deck and the continuation of that line parallel to the upper part of the deck is takenas the upper deck.(2) Moulded Depth(a) The moulded depth is the vertical distance measured from the topof the keel to the underside of the upper deck at side. In wood and composite ships the distance is measured from the lower edge of the keel rabbet. Where the form at the lower part of the midship section is of a hollow character, or where thick garboards are fitted, the distance is measured from the point where the line of the flat of the bottom continuedinwards cuts the side of the keel.(b) In ships having rounded gunwales, the moulded depth shall be measured to the point of intersection of the moulded lines of the deck and side shell plating, the lines extending as though the gunwales were of angular design.(c) Where the upper deck is stepped and the raised part of the deck extends over the point at which the moulded depth is to be determined, the moulded depth shall be measured to a line of reference extending from the lower part of the deck along a line parallel with the raised part.(3) BreadthThe breadth is the maximum breadth of the ship, measured amidships to the moulded line of the frame in a ship with a metal shell and to theouter surface of the hull in a ship with a shell of any other material.(4) Enclosed SpacesEnclosed spaces are all those spaces which are bounded by the ship"s hull, by fixed or portable partitions or bulkheads, by decks or coverings other than permanent or movable awnings. No break in a deck, nor any opening in the ship"s hull, in a deck or in a covering of a space, or inthe partitions or bulkheads of a space, nor the absence of a partition or bulkhead, shall preclude a space from being included in the enclosed space.(5) Excluded SpacesNotwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (4) of this Regulation, the spaces referred to in subparagraphs (a) to (e) inclusive of this paragraph shall be called excluded spaces and shall not be included in the volume of enclosed spaces, except that any such space which fulfils at least one of the following three conditions shall be treated as anenclosed space:- the space is fitted with shelves or other means for securing cargoor stores;- the openings are fitted with any means of closure;- the construction provides any possibility of such openings being closed.(a) (i) A space within an erection opposite an end opening extending from deck to deck except for a curtain plate of a depth not exceeding by more than 25 millimetres (one inch) the depth of the adjoining deck beams, such opening having a breadth equal to or greater than 90 per cent of the breadth of the deck at the line of the opening of the space. Thisprovision shall be applied so as to exclude from the enclosed spaces only the space between the actual end opening and a line drawn parallel to the line or face of the opening at a distance from the opening equal to onehalf of the width of the deck at the line of the opening (Figure 1 in Appendix 1).(a) (ii) Should the width of the space because of any arrangement except by convergence of the outside plating, become less than 90 per cent of the breadth of the deck,only the space between the line of the opening and a parallel line drawn through the point where the athwartships width of the space becomes equal to, or less than, 90 per cent of the breadth of the deck shall be excluded from the volume of enclosed spaces (Figures 2, 3 and 4 in Appendix 1).(a) (iii) Where an interval which is completely open except for bulwarks or open rails separates any two spaces, the exclusion of one or both of which is permitted under sub-paragraphs (a) (i) and/or (a) (ii), such exclusion shall not apply if the separation between the two spaces is less than the least half breadth of the deck in way of the separation (Figures 5 and 6 in Appendix 1).(b) A space under an overhead deck covering open to the sea and weather, having no other connexion on the exposed sides with the body of the ship than the stanchions necessary for its support. In such a space, open rails or a bulwark and curtain plate may be fitted or stanchionsfitted at the ship"s side, provided that the distance between the top ofthe rails or the bulwark and the curtain plate is not less than 0.75metres (2.5 feet) or one-third of the height of the space, whichever isthe greater (Figure 7 in Appendix 1).(c) A space in a side-to-side erection directly in way of oppositeside openings not less in height than 0.75 metres (2.5 feet) or one-thirdof the height of the erection,whichever is the greater. If the openingin such an erection is provided on one side only,the space to be excluded from the volume of enclosed spaces shall be limited inboard from the opening to a maximum of one-half of the breadth of the deck in way of the opening (Figure 8 in Appendix 1).(d) A space in an erection immediately below an uncovered opening in the deck overhead,provided that such an opening is exposed to the weather and the space excluded from enclosed spaces is limited to the area of the opening (Figure 9 in Appendix 1).(e) A recess in the boundary bulkhead of an erection which is exposed to the weather and the opening of which extends from deck to deck without means of closing, provided that the interior width is not greater than the width at the entrance and its extension into the erection is not greaterthan twice the width of its entrance (Figure 10 in Appendix 1).(6) PassengerA passenger is every person other than:(a) the master and the members of the crew or other persons employed or engaged in any capacity on board a ship on the business of that ship; and(b) a child under one year of age.。
谈《1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约》的适用原则
轧 经 船舶所有人 申请 ，对 需要按 《９ ９年国际船舶吨位 １６ 丈量公约》丈量吨位的船舶 ， 主管机关可以允许在履行 Ｓ Ｌ Ｏ ＡＳ 公约 中涉及吨位 的有关规定时 ，使用 《９ ９年国际船舶 吨位 １６ 丈量公约 》生效前正在施行 的国家吨位规则丈量总吨位，但此 吨位不要填写在 １６ ９９年吨位证书上 。 ｂ 对 于此类船舶 ，主管机关在现行 Ｓ Ｌ Ｓ公约所发的有 ． ＯＡ 关船 舶安 全证 书或其他类似正式证 书的相应栏 内，可只填按 《 ９ ９年 国际船舶吨位丈量公 约》生效前正在施行的国家吨 １６
（）经 修 正 的 《１７ 年 国 际 海 上 人 命 安 全 公 约 》 １ ９４
（ ＯＬ Ｓ Ａｓ） ：
（）《 ９ ８年 船 员 培训 、发 证 和值 班 标 准 国 际公 约 》 ２ １７
（ ＴＣＷ ） Ｓ ：
（）《 １７ ３ 经 ９ ８年议定 书修订的 １７ ９３年国际防止船舶造成
条解释为：对于 １ ８ ９ ６年 １ １日之后，１９ 月 ９４年 ７月 ｌ ８日
该船 在船证 书有 ：国际 吨位证书 （９ ：货船安全无线电 ６）
证书；Ｉ Ｐ证书：载重线证书 ；船级证书。 ＯＰ 在大连对该船进行 的 Ｐ Ｃ检查中，我们提 出了以下缺陷： Ｓ （）Ｉ Ｐ １ Ｏ Ｐ需要有附件： （）需要有 Ｓ Ｌ 证书 ； ２ Ｏ ＡＳ （）证 书无脚注 （ ３ 标明国家吨位 ） 。 随后 Ｎ 方面发来传真认为，该船既然总吨为 ３ ８ｔ Ｋ ０ ，就 不需要具备 Ｓ Ｌ Ｓ证书 。让我们～起看一下 １ ｅ． ４ ４ Ｏ Ａ ＭＯ Ｒ ｓＡ． ９
（ Ｉ ＸＩ）决 议 案 （９ １ １ 月 １ １８ 年 １ ９日通 过 ）的要 求
之前安放龙骨的船舶 。在履行小 于 １６ ０总吨货船方面的规 ０ 定方 面 （ 按国家吨位规则丈量 ） ，该船可 以终生使用老吨位。
1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约(中文版)
1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约各缔约国政府，愿为国际航行船舶的吨位丈量制订统一原则和规则，认为缔约一个公约可以最好地达到这一目的。
经协议如下：第1条公约的一般义务各缔约国政府，应承担义务实施本公约各项规定和它的附则，附则应视为本公约的组成部分。
凡引用本公约时，同时也就意味着引用上述附则。
第2条定义除另有明文规定外，本公约所用名词含义如下：（1）“规则”是指本公约所附的规则；（2）“主管机关”是指船旗国的政府；（3）“国际航行”是指由适用本公约的国家驶往该国以外的港口，或与此相反的航行。
为此，凡由缔约国政府对其国际关系负责的每一领土，或由联合国管理的每一领土，都被视为单独的国家；（4）“总吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定的船舶总容积；（5）“净吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定的船舶有效容积；（6）“新船”是指在本公约生效之日起安放龙骨，或处于相应建造阶段的船舶；（7）“现有船舶”是指非新船；（8）“长度”是指水线总长度的96％，该水线位于自龙骨上面量得的最小型深的85％处；或者是指该水线从首柱前面量到上舵杆中心的长度，两者取其较大者。
如船舶设计具有倾斜龙骨，作为测量本长度的水线应平行于设计水线；（9）“组织”是指政府间海事协商组织（译注：1982年5月22日改名为“国际海事组织，”以下译文简称“本组织”）。
第3条适用范围（1）本公约适用于从事国际航行的下列船舶：（a）在缔约国政府的国家中登记的船舶；（b）在根据第20条扩大适用本公约的领土内登记的船舶；（c）悬挂某缔约国政府国旗而不在该国登记的船舶。
（2）本公约适用于：（a）新船；（b）经改建或改装的现有船舶，主管机关认为各种改建或改装对其现有总吨位有实质上的变更；（c）经船舶所有人提出要求适用本公约的现有船舶；（d）本公约生效之日起12年以后的一切现有船舶；除本款（b）和（c）项中所述船舶外，还不包括为使其适用于现行其他国际公约的有关要求，而需保留其原有吨位的船舶。
船舶吨位计算
船舶证书中的吨位数值是否符合有关公约的要求；
若检查过程中未发现明显缺陷，则对吨位相关内容的检查应限于对船舶吨位证书的检查。当发现船舶吨位证书所载明的船舶尺度和相关的内容与船舶实际情况存在明显不同时，应进一步开展对吨位丈量相关内容的检查。
2、对存在疑问的船舶进行吨位丈量相关内容检查
2.1围蔽处所的核查
经对照船舶总布置图及船舶吨位计算书，认定船舶所有的围蔽处所均列入了船舶吨位计算书中V值中，船舶所有的装货处所也列入了计算书中Vc值中，在对船舶吨位检查的核查过程中，即取吨位计算书中的V、Vc值进行计算。
2.2总吨位计算核查
《1969国际船舶吨位丈量公约》给出的总吨位计算公式如下：
1、计算船舶所有围壁处所的体积Ｖ
围壁处所是指由船壳、固定的或可移动的隔板或舱壁、甲板或盖板所围成的所有处所、但永久的或可移动的天棚除外。甲板上有间断、船壳、盖板、隔板或舱壁上有开口，以及一面未设有职隔板或舱壁的处所均应计入围壁处所之内。按围壁处所的位置不同，一般可将围壁处所划分为以下几种：（1）上甲板以下围壁处所，如货舱、机舱等。（2）上层建筑和凸层，如首楼、尾楼、升高甲板等。（3）甲板室，始船舶中楼等。（4）舱口及风雨密钢质箱形舱口盖。（5）其他，如烟囱、通风转壁及箱柜等。
对于国际航行船舶，将V、K1值代入公式GT=K1V，即得船舶总吨。
对国内航行船舶GT=K1(V1+V2)计算求得船舶总吨。
3、确定船舶的上甲板，进而测得船舶型深
上甲板是指最高一层露天全通甲板，在露天部分上的一切开口，均设有永久性水密关闭装置，而且在该甲板下面船旁两侧的一切开口，也有永久性的水密关闭装置。如船舶具有阶形上甲板，则取最低的露天甲板线和其平行于甲板较高的延伸线作为上甲板下的舷边有开口，且无关闭装置，而舷内有水密舱壁和甲板予以限界，则此开口下面的第一层甲板应作为上甲板。对于完全延伸到船宽的不连续上甲板的船舶，不连续长度超过1米，则应按照阶段性上甲板处理。如不连续的上甲板不延伸到舷侧，则按上甲板平台以下的壁龛处理。
1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约
《1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约》1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约颁发部门：伦敦发布日期：1969-06-23生效日期：1982-07-18各缔约国政府，愿为国际航行船舶的吨位丈量制订统一原则和规则，认为缔约一个公约可以最好地达到这一目的。
经协议如下：第1条公约的一般义务各缔约国政府，应承担义务实施本公约各项规定和它的附则，附则应视为本公约的组成部分。
凡引用本公约时，同时也就意味着引用上述附则。
第2条定义除另有明文规定外，本公约所用名词含义如下：（1）“规则”是指本公约所附的规则；（2）“主管机关”是指船旗国的政府；（3）“国际航行”是指由适用本公约的国家驶往该国以外的港口，或与此相反的航行。
为此，凡由缔约国政府对其国际关系负责的每一领土，或由联合国管理的每一领土，都被视为单独的国家；（4）“总吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定的船舶总容积；（5）“净吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定的船舶有效容积；（6）“新船”是指在本公约生效之日起安放龙骨，或处于相应建造阶段的船舶；（7）“现有船舶”是指非新船；（8）“长度”是指水线总长度的96％，该水线位于自龙骨上面量得的最小型深的85％处；或者是指该水线从首柱前面量到上舵杆中心的长度，两者取其较大者。
如船舶设计具有倾斜龙骨，作为测量本长度的水线应平行于设计水线；（9）“组织”是指政府间海事协商组织（译注：1982年5月22日改名为“国际海事组织，”以下译文简称“本组织”）。
第3条适用范围（1）本公约适用于从事国际航行的下列船舶：（a）在缔约国政府的国家中登记的船舶；（b）在根据第20条扩大适用本公约的领土内登记的船舶；（c）悬挂某缔约国政府国旗而不在该国登记的船舶。
（2）本公约适用于：（a）新船；（b）经改建或改装的现有船舶，主管机关认为各种改建或改装对其现有总吨位有实质上的变更；（c）经船舶所有人提出要求适用本公约的现有船舶；（d）本公约生效之日起12年以后的一切现有船舶；除本款（b）和（c）项中所述船舶外，还不包括为使其适用于现行其他国际公约的有关要求，而需保留其原有吨位的船舶。
国际船舶吨位丈量公约缩写
国际船舶吨位丈量公约缩写国际船舶吨位丈量公约缩写（International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969）是国际海事组织（IMO）制定的一项重要公约，旨在统一和规范船舶吨位的计量方法和标准。
本文将从引言概述、正文内容和总结三个方面，详细阐述国际船舶吨位丈量公约缩写的相关内容。
引言概述：国际船舶吨位丈量公约缩写是国际海事组织制定的一项公约，对于船舶吨位的计量方法和标准进行了统一和规范。
这项公约的制定旨在解决过去各国在船舶吨位计量上存在的差异和混乱，为国际航运提供一个统一的标准，便于船舶管理和运营。
正文内容：1. 船舶吨位计量方法的统一1.1. 体积法1.1.1. 体积法是计算船舶吨位的一种常用方法，根据船舶的内部空间来计算吨位。
1.1.2. 体积法的计算公式为：吨位 = 长度 ×宽度 ×深度 ×系数。
1.2. 净吨位和总吨位1.2.1. 净吨位是指船舶的有效载重量，计算公式为：净吨位 = 总吨位 - 船舶的空重量。
1.2.2. 总吨位是指船舶的总容积，包括船体、货舱、机舱等，计算公式为：总吨位 = 总容积 / 100。
2. 国际船舶吨位丈量公约的制定2.1. 缩写的意义2.1.1. 国际船舶吨位丈量公约的缩写为ITC，代表国际船舶吨位丈量公约的英文名称。
2.1.2. 缩写的使用方便了公约的引用和讨论，也方便了相关人员的交流和沟通。
2.2. 公约的制定目的2.2.1. 公约的制定目的是为了统一和规范船舶吨位的计量方法和标准，减少各国之间的差异和混乱。
2.2.2. 公约的制定还旨在提高船舶管理和运营的效率，为国际航运提供一个统一的标准。
3. 公约的应用和影响3.1. 公约的应用范围3.1.1. 公约适用于所有吨位超过24的商船。
3.1.2. 公约也适用于各国船舶登记和船舶管理机构。
3.2. 公约的影响3.2.1. 公约的制定和实施使得各国在船舶吨位计量上达成了一致，提高了国际航运的效率和安全性。
年国际船舶吨位丈量公约中文
1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约(附英文)颁发部门：伦敦发布日期：1969-06-23生效日期：1982-07-18各缔约政府,愿为国际航行船舶(de)吨位丈量制订统一原则和规则,认为缔结一个公约可以最好地达到这一目(de).现已取得协议如下：第一条公约(de)一般义务各缔约政府,应承担义务实施本公约各项规定和它(de)附则,附则应视为本公约(de)组成部份,凡引用本公约时,同时也就意味着引用上述附则.第二条定义除另有明文规定外,本公约所用名词含义如下：１．“规则”是指本公约所附(de)规则；２．“主管机关”是指船旗国(de)政府；３．“国际航行”是指由适用本公约(de)国家驶往该国以外(de)港口,或与此相反(de)航行.为此,凡由缔约政府对其国际关系负责(de)每一领土,或由联合国管理(de)每一领土,都被视为单独(de)国家；４．“总吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定(de)船舶总容积；５．“净吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定(de)船舶有效容积；６．“新船”是指在本公约生效之日起安放龙骨,或处于类似建造阶段(de)船舶；７．“现有船舶”是指非新船；８．“长度”是指水线总长度(de)９６％,该水线位于自龙骨上面量得(de)最小型深(de)８５％处；或者是指该水线从艏柱前面量到上舵杆中心(de)长度,两者取其较大者,如船舶设计具有倾斜龙骨,作为测量本长度(de)水线应平行于设计水线；９．“组织”是指政府间海事协商组织（译注：以下译文简称“海协组织”）.第三条适用范围１．本公约适用于从事国际航行(de)下列船舶：（１）在各缔约政府(de)国家中登记(de)船舶；（２）在根据第二十条扩大适用本公约(de)领土内登记(de)船舶；（３）悬挂某缔约国政府国旗而不在该国登记(de)船舶.２．本公约适用于：（１）新船；（２）经改建或改装(de)现有船舶,主管机关认为这种改建或改装对其现有总吨位有实质上(de)变更；（３）经船舶所有人提出要求适用本公约(de)现有船舶；（４）本公约生效之日起１２年以后(de)一切现有船舶；除本款（２）和（３）项中所述船舶外,还不包括为使其适用于现行其他国际公约(de)有关要求,而需保留其原有吨位(de)船舶.３．对于已经根据本条第２款（３）项适用本公约(de)现有船舶,此后不得再按照本公约生效前该主管机关对国际航行船舶(de)要求测定该船(de)吨位.第四条除外１．本公约不适用于下列船舶：（１）军舰；（２）长度小于２４米（７９英尺）(de)船舶.２．本公约(de)任何规定,不适用于专门航行在下列区域(de)船舶：（１）北美洲各大湖和圣劳伦斯河向东到从罗歇尔角至安蒂科斯底岛(de)西点之间所绘恒向线,以及到安蒂科斯底岛北面(de)西经６３°子午线.（２）里海；（３）拉普拉塔河、巴拉那河和乌拉圭河向东到从阿根廷(de)彭塔－－腊萨与乌拉圭(de)彭塔－－特－－埃斯特之间所绘恒向线.第五条不可抗力１．在开航时不受本公约约束(de)船舶,倘由于天气恶劣或其它不可抗力原因而驶离原定航程,则该船并不因此变为需受本公约约束.２．各缔约政府在应用本公约(de)规定时,应适当考虑任何船舶由于气候或其他不可抗力引起(de)偏航和延迟.第六条吨位(de)测定总吨位和净吨位(de)测定,应由主管机关办理,但主管机关可以将这种测定工作委托它认可(de)人员或组织办理.不论采用何种方式,该主管机关应对总吨位和净吨位(de)测定负完全责任.第七条证书(de)发给１．按照本公约测定总吨位和净吨位(de)每艘船舶,应发给国际吨位证书（１９６９）.２．这种证书应由主管机关发给,或由该主管机关正式授权(de)人员或组织发给.不论属于那一种情况,该主管机关应对证书负完全责任. 第八条由他国政府代发证书１．每一缔约政府,可以应另一缔约政府请求,根据本公约测定船舶(de)总吨位和净吨位,并发给或授权发给该船舶以国际吨位证书（１９６９）.２．证书(de)副本和吨位计算书(de)副本,应尽早送交提出请求(de)政府.３．如此发给(de)证书,必须载明,该证书是应船旗国政府,或行将悬挂该国国旗(de)政府请求而发给(de)；该证书应与根据本公约第七条发给(de)证书具有同等效力,并受到同样承认.４．对于悬挂非缔约国政府国旗(de)船舶,不发给国际吨位证书（１９６９）.第九条证书格式１．证书应用发证国(de)官方语文印写.如所用语文不是英文或法文,则证书文本应包括有上述两种语文之一(de)译文.２．证书格式如附则Ⅱ所示.第十条证书(de)注销１．当船舶(de)布置、结构、容积、处所(de)用途、载客证书中准许(de)乘客总数、勘定(de)载重线或准许(de)吃水等方面发生变动,致使总吨位或净吨位必需增加时,则除了附则Ｉ规则中所规定(de)例外情况外,国际吨位证书（１９６９）应停止生效,并由主管机关予以注销.２．除本条第３款(de)规定外,当船舶转为悬挂另一国家(de)国旗时,由原管主机关发给该船(de)证书应停止生效.３．当船舶转为悬挂另一缔约国政府(de)国旗时,原发国际吨位证书（１９６９）(de)继续有效期应不超过三个月,或直到主管机关发给另一国际吨位证书（１９６９）来代替原证书为止,二者以较早者为准.船舶原来悬挂其国旗(de)缔约国政府,应于完成转移之后,尽速将该船转移时持有(de)证书副本及其吨位计算书副本送交上述主管机关.第十一条证书(de)承认由一缔约国政府授权根据本公约发给(de)证书,其它缔约国政府应予承认,并认为在本公约范围内与其它缔约国政府所颁发(de)证书具有同等效力.第十二条检查１．悬挂缔约国政府国旗(de)船舶在其它缔约国港口时,应接受该国政府正式授权(de)官员检查.这种检查以核实下述目(de)为限：（１）该船是否备有有效(de)国际吨位证书（１９６９）；（２）该船(de)主要特征是否与证书中所载(de)数据相符.２．在任何情况下,不得因施行这种检查而滞留船舶.３．如果经检查发现船舶(de)主要特征与国际吨位证书（１９６９）所载不一致,从而导致增加总吨位或净吨位,则应及时通知该船(de)船旗国政府.第十三条权利除持有本公约有效证书者外,任何船舶不得要求享有本公约赋予(de)权利.第十四条以前(de)条约、公约和协定１．本公约缔约国政府之间现行(de)一切有关吨位事项(de)其它条约、公约和协定,在其有效期间,对下列船舶仍可继续保持完全有效：（１）不适用本公约(de)船舶；（２）适用本公约(de)船舶,但本公约未予明确规定(de)事项.２．上述条约、公约或协定与本公约(de)规定有抵触时,应以本公约(de)规定为准.第十五条情报(de)送交各缔约国政府承担义务向海协组织通知和交存：１．足够份数(de)、根据本公约规定签发(de)证书样本,以便分送各缔约国政府；２．在本公约范围内为各种事项颁布(de)法律、法令、命令、规则和其它文件；３．经授权代表缔约政府执行有关吨位事项(de)非政府机构名单,以便分送各缔约政府.第十六条签署、接受和参加１．本公约自１９６９年６月２３日起开放六个月,任凭签署,此后仍予开放,任凭参加.联合国成员国(de)政府,或任一专门机构(de)各国政府,或国际原子能机构(de)各国政府,或国际法院(de)规约当事国,可按下列方式参加本公约：（１）签署,并对接受无保留；（２）签署,并对接受作出保留,随后予以接受；（３）加入.２．接受或加入本公约,应在接受或加入(de)文件交存海协组织后认为有效.海协组织应将它收到(de)每一份新接受或加入(de)文件和交存(de)日期,通知所有已签署或加入本公约(de)政府.海协组织还应将自１９６９年６月２３日起六个月内任何生效(de)签署,通知所有早已签署本公约(de)政府.第十七条生效１．本公约应在至少有２５个国家按第十六条规定签署而不附以关于接受(de)保留,或者交存接受和加入文件之日起２４个月后生效,该２５个国家共拥有商船船队(de)吨位应不少于世界航运总吨位(de)６５％.海协组织应将生效日期通知所有已签署或加入本公约(de)政府.２．对于在本条第款中所述２４个月(de)期间内交存接受或加入本公约(de)政府,其接受或加入(de)生效日期,应为本公约生效之日；或者自交存接受或加入文件之日起三个月以后生效.两者以较迟(de)日期为准.３．对于在本公约生效以后交存接受或加入本公约(de)文件(de)政府,本公约应自上述文件交存之日起三个月后生效.４．在为使本公约修正案生效所需(de)一切措施均已完成(de)日期以后,或在修正案一致接受(de)情况下,如在第十八条第２款（１）项所认为需要(de)一切接受书已提交以后,任何交存(de)接受或加入(de)文件应认为适用于经修订(de)公约.第十八条修正案１．经某一缔约政府提议,可以根据本条所规定(de)任一程序修改本公约.２．经一致接受(de)修正：（１）经某一缔约政府请求,海协组织应将该政府修改本公约(de)任何建议送交所有缔约政府考虑,旨在取得一致接受.（２）除另行商定更早(de)日期外,任何这种修正案应在所有缔约政府一致接受之日起１２个月后生效.如有某一缔约政府,在海协组织第一次通知该修正案之日起２４个月内,尚未将它(de)接受或反对意见通知海协组织,应被视为已接受该修正案.３．经海协组织内审议后(de)修正：（１）经某一缔约政府请求,海协组织应审议该政府对本公约所提出(de)任何修正.此项修正案如经本组织海上安全委员会到会并投票(de)２／３多数通过,即应在提交本组织大会讨论前至少６个月,送交本组织(de)所有成员国和所有缔约政府.（２）如经出席大会并投票(de)２／３多数通过,此项修订案应由海协组织通知所有缔约政府,以供接受.（３）上述修订案应在缔约政府２／３多数接受之日起１２个月后生效.该修正案应对所有缔约政府生效,但在该修正案生效前声明不接受(de)缔约政府除外.（４）经出席大会并投票(de)２／３多数通过,其中包括有参加海上安全委员会(de)政府中２／３多数出席并投票通过,则在采纳某一修正案时,得提议决定该修正案具有这样(de)重要性,即任何缔约政府根据本款（３）项提出声明,并在该修正案生效后１２个月内仍不接受此项修正,则在上述期限届满时,应停止该政府作为本公约参加国.这项决定应事先取得缔约政府中２／３多数同意.（５）本款各项规定,并不妨碍原先根据本款对本公约提出修正行动(de)缔约政府,在任何时候采取它所认为适当(de)、依据本条第２或第４款任择其一(de)行动.４．经过会议(de)修正：（１）经某一缔约政府请求,同时有至少１／３(de)缔约国同意,海协组织可召集各政府会议,以考虑对本公约(de)修正.（２）每一修正案如经上述会议出席并投票(de)２／３多数通过,即应由海协组织将该修正案通知所有缔约政府,以供接受.（３）上述修正案应在缔约政府２／３多数接受之日起１２个月后生效.该修正案应对所有缔约政府生效,但在该修正案生效前声明不接受(de)缔约政府除外.（４）根据本款（１）项召集(de)会议,经出席并投票(de)２／３多数通过,则在采纳某一修正案时,得决定该修正案具有这样(de)重要性,即任何缔约政府根据本款（３）项提出声明,并在修正案生效后１２个月内仍不接受此项修正,则在上述期限届满时,应停止该政府作为本公约参加国.５．海协组织应将根据本条生效(de)任何修正案及每一修正案行将生效(de)日期,一并通知所有缔约政府.６．根据本条规定所作(de)任何接受或声明,应以书面交存海协组织.海协组织收到此项接受或声明,应通知所有缔约政府.第十九条退出１．任何缔约政府,在本公约对该政府生效满五年后,可以随时退出本公约.２．退出本公约,应以书面通知海协组织.海协组织应将它所收到(de)退出本公约文件和收到日期,通知所有其它缔约政府.３．退出本公约,应在海协组织收到退出文件一年后,或文件中可能指定(de)较长期限后生效.第二十条领土１．（１）如联合国是某一领土(de)管理当局,或任何缔约政府对某一领土(de)国际关系负有责任,应尽速与该领土当局协商或采取适当措施,尽力使本公约适用于该领土,并可随时用书面通知海协组织,声明本公约扩大适用于该领土.（２）自收到通知之日或通知中可能指定之日起,本公约即开始扩大适用于通知中所述领土.２．（１）根据本条第１款（１）项提出声明(de)联合国或任何缔约政府,自本公约扩大适用于该领土之日起满五年后,可以随时用书面通知海协组织,声明本公约停止扩大适用于通知中所述领土.（２）自海协组织收到上述通知之日起一年后,或通知中可能指定(de)较长期限以后,本公约即停止扩大适用于该通知中所述领土.３．海协组织应将根据本条第１款扩大适用于任何领土,和根据第２款终止此项扩大适用事项,通知所有缔约政府,并逐一说明本公约扩大适用或终止扩大适用(de)日期.第二十一条交存和登记１．本公约应交存于海协组织,海协组织秘书长应将验证无误(de)本公约副本,分送所有签署国政府和所有加入本公约(de)政府.２．本公约一经生效,根据联合国宪章第一百零二条,海协组织秘书长应将公约文本转送联合国秘书处,以供登记和公布.第二十二条语文本公约用英文和法文写成,计一份,两种文本具有同等效力.有俄文和西班牙文写成(de)正式译本应与签署(de)原本一起存放.经各国政府正式授权(de)下列各代表,特签署本公约,以昭信守.１９６９年６月２３日订于伦敦.附则：测定船舶总吨位和净吨位规则第一条总则１．船舶(de)吨位应包括总吨位和净吨位.２．总吨位和净吨位应根据本规则各项规定予以测定.３．新奇型式船艇(de)总吨位和净吨位,由于其构造(de)特点,以致不能合理应用或难以实用本规则各条规定时,应由主管机关决定其总吨位和净吨位.如果吨位是这样决定(de),主管机关应将为此所采用(de)方法细节通知海协组织,以便分送各缔约政府,供其参考.第二条本附则中所用名词(de)定义１．上甲板上甲板是指最高一层露天全通甲板,在露天部分上(de)一切开口,设有永久性水密关闭装置,而且在该甲板下面船旁两侧(de)一切开口,也有永久性(de)水密关闭装置.如船舶具有阶形上甲板,则取最低(de)露天甲板线和其平行于甲板较高部分(de)延伸线作为上甲板.２．型深（１）型深是指从龙骨上面量到船舷处上甲板下面(de)垂直距离.对木质船舶和铁木混合结构船舶,垂直距离是从龙骨镶口(de)下缘量起.倘船舶中央横剖面(de)底部具有凹形,或装有加厚(de)龙骨翼板时,垂直距离是从船底平坦部分向内引伸与龙骨侧面相交(de)一点量起.（２）具有圆弧形舷边(de)船舶,型深是量到甲板型线和船舷外板型线相交之点,这些线(de)引伸是把该舷边看作是设计为角形(de).（３）当上甲板为阶形甲板,并且其升高部分延伸超过决定型深(de)一点时,型深应量到此甲板较低部分(de)引伸虚线,此虚线平行于甲板升高部分.３．宽度宽度是指船舶(de)最大宽度,对金属壳板(de)船,其宽度是在船长中点处量到两舷(de)肋骨型线,对其它材料壳板(de)船,其宽度在船长中点量到船体外面.４．围蔽处所围蔽处所是指由船壳、固定(de)或可移动(de)隔板或舱壁、甲板或盖板所围成(de)所有处所,但永久(de)或可移动(de)天蓬除外,无论是甲板上有间断处,或船壳上有开口,或甲板上有开口,或某一处所(de)盖板上有开口,或某一处所(de)隔板或舱壁上有开口,以及一面未设隔板或舱壁(de)处所,都不妨碍将这些处所计入围蔽处所之内.５．免除处所虽然本条第４款有所规定,本款下列各项（１）至（５）所述处所仍应称为免除处所,不计入围蔽处所容积之内.但符合以下三条件之一者,应作为围蔽处所：——设有框架或其它设施保护货物和物料(de)处所；——开口上设有某种封闭设备；——具有能使其开口封闭(de)建筑物.（１）１）甲板上建筑物内某一处所,它面对着高度为全甲板间(de)端部开口,且开口上沿板(de)高度不超过其邻近甲板横梁(de)高度２５毫米（１英寸）,如开口(de)宽度等于或大于该开口处甲板宽度(de)９０％,则从实际端部开口起,至等于开口处甲板宽度(de)一半距离绘一与开口线或面相平行(de)线,这个处所可不计入围蔽处所之内（见附录Ｉ中图１）.２）如该处所(de)宽度由于任何布置上(de)原因,包括由于船壳板(de)收敛,使其宽度小于开口处甲板宽度(de)９０％,则从开口线起,至船体横向宽度等于或小于开口处甲板宽度(de)９０％处绘一与开口平行(de)线,这个处所可不计入围蔽处所之内（见附录Ｉ中图２、３、４）.３）如果两个处所由一间隔区分开,而且间隔区除了舷墙和栏杆外是完全开敞(de),则可按（１）１）或２）(de)规定将其中一个或两个处所免除量计；但如果两个处所之间(de)间隔距离小于间隔区甲板最小宽度(de)一半,就不适用这种免除（见附录Ｉ中图５和６）.（２）在架空露天甲板下(de)处所,其开敞(de)两侧与船体除了必要(de)支柱外并无其它连接.在这种处所,可以设置栏杆、舷墙及舷边上沿板,或在船边安设支柱,但栏杆顶或舷墙顶与舷边上沿板之间(de)距离,应不小于０．７５米（２．５英尺）,或不小于该处所高度(de)１／３,以较大者为准（见附录Ｉ中图７）.（３）伸展到两舷(de)建筑物内(de)处所,其两侧(de)相对开口(de)高度不小于０．７５米（２．５英寸）,或不小于建筑物高度(de)１／３,以较大者为准.如果这种建筑物只在一侧有开口,则从围蔽处所中免除计量(de)处所仅限于从开口向内最多伸到该开口处甲板宽度(de)一半（见附录Ｉ中图８）.（４）建筑物内,直接位于其顶甲板上无覆盖(de)开口之下(de)某一处所,倘这种开口是露天(de),则从围蔽处所中免除计量(de)处所仅限于此开口区域（见附录Ｉ中图９）.（５）由建筑物(de)界限舱壁形成(de)某一壁龛,这种壁龛是露天(de),其开口高度为甲板间(de)全高度,无封闭设备,而且壁龛内宽度不大于其入口处宽度,同时从入口伸至内壁(de)深度不大于入口处宽度(de)２倍（见附录Ｉ中图１０）.６．旅客除下列人员外,均为旅客：（１）船长和船员,以及在船上雇用或从事该船任何业务(de)其它人员；（２）一周岁以下(de)儿童.７．载货处所净吨位计算中所包括(de)载货处所,是指适宜于运载由船上起卸货物(de)围蔽处所,而且这些处所已经列入总吨位计算之内.上述载货处所应在易于看到(de)地方用字母ＣＣ（货舱）作永久性标志,字母(de)高度应不小于１００毫米（４英寸）,以便查核.８．水密水密是指在任何海况下,水都不会浸入船内.第三条总吨位船舶总吨位（ＧＴ）应按下述公式决定：ＧＴ＝Ｋ１Ｖ其中：Ｖ＝船舶所有围蔽处所(de)总容积,立方米；Ｋ１＝０．２＋０．０２ｌｏｇ１０ｖ（或取附录Ⅱ表中所示）. 第四条净吨位１．船舶净吨位（ＮＴ）应按下述公式决定：４ｄＮ２ＮＴ＝Ｋ２Ｖ０（－－）２＋Ｋ３（Ｎ１＋－－）３Ｄ１０式中：４ｄ（１）因素（－－）２应不大于１；３Ｄ４ｄ（２）Ｋ２Ｖ０（－－）２应不小于０．２５ＧＴ；３Ｄ（３）ＮＴ应不小于０．３０ＧＴ；其中：Ｖ０＝各载货处所(de)总容积,立方米：Ｋ２＝０．２＋０．０２ｌｏｇ１０ｖ０（或取附录Ⅱ表中所示）；ＧＴ＋１０．０００Ｋ３＝１．２５－－－－－－－－－；１０．０００Ｄ＝本规则第二条２．款中所述船长中点(de)型深,米；ｄ＝本条第２．款所述船长中点(de)型吃水,米；Ｎ１＝不超过８个铺位(de)客舱中(de)旅客数；Ｎ２＝其它旅客数；Ｎ１＋Ｎ２＝船舶乘客证书中所载准许乘客总数；当Ｎ１＋Ｎ２小于１３时,Ｎ１及Ｎ２均取为零.ＧＴ＝根据本规则第三条决定(de)船舶总吨位.２．关于本条第１．款中所指(de)型吃水,应为下述吃水之一：（１）对于适用现行国际船舶载重线公约(de)船舶,其吃水相当于按该公约所勘定(de)夏季载重线（木材载重线除外）；（２）对于客船,其吃水相当于按现行国际海上人命安全公约或其它适用(de)国际协定所勘定(de)最深分舱载重线；（３）对于不适用现行国际船舶载重线公约而按国家要求勘定其载重线(de)船舶,其吃水相当于按该国家要求所勘定(de)夏季载重线；（４）对于未勘定载重线,但其吃水是按国家要求予以限制(de)船舶,最大许可吃水即为其型吃水；（５）对于其它船舶,则以本规则第二条２．款所述船长中点型深(de)７５％作为型吃水.第五条净吨位(de)变更１．当一船(de)特性,如本规则第三和第四条所述(de)Ｖ,Ｖｃ,ｄ,Ｎ１或Ｎ２有改变,同时这种改变引起船舶按第四条所决定(de)净吨位增加时,则此船(de)净吨位应迅即按其相应(de)新特性予以测定.２．对于同时按第四条２．（１）和２．（２）勘定载重线(de)船舶,仅需按第四条规定给予一种净吨位,此净吨位应适应于该船从事(de)业务所勘定(de)载重线.３．当一船(de)特性,如本规则第三和第四条所述(de)Ｖ,Ｖｃ,ｄ,Ｎ１或Ｎ２有改变,或是因该船从事(de)业务改变而涉及到本条２．款所规定(de)相应载重线改变,并且这种改变引起船舶按第四条所决定(de)净吨位减少时,则适合此项净吨位(de)新国际吨位证书（１９６９）,应在现行吨位证书签发之日起十二个月以后发给；但这项要求不适用于下述情况；（１）如果船舶转移为悬挂另一国家(de)国旗；（２）如果船舶经改装或改建,主管机关认为这种改装或改建(de)性质重大,例如因上层建筑拆除而需要改变原勘定(de)载重线.（３）从事特种业务而载运大量无铺位旅客(de)客船,例如朝圣业务. 第六条容积(de)计算１．列入总吨位和净吨位计算中(de)所有容积,不管是否装有绝缘物或类似绝缘物,对金属结构(de)船舶应量到船壳板内侧或结构(de)边界板内侧；对其它材料结构(de)船舶,应量到船壳(de)外表面或结构(de)边界内表面.２．船体凸出部分(de)容积,应列入总容积之内.３．露天处所(de)容积,可从总容积中除去.第七条量度和计算１．容积计算中所采用(de)量度应取至厘米、或二十分之一英尺(de)最近值.２．对有关处所(de)容积应按一般公认(de)方法计算,并应达到主管机关认可(de)精确度.３．计算应充分详细,以便于核对.（译注：本规则第二条５．（５）中说明“……从入口伸至内壁(de)深度不大于入口处宽度(de)２倍……”,但附录Ｉ图１０中右边所绘作为围蔽处所(de)Ｉ,注为ｌ１＜２ｗ１,这个注似有错误,应为ｌ１＞２ｗ１）.。
1969年国际油污损害民事责任公约(附英文)
1969年国际油污损害民事责任公约简介：1967年3月18日发生了利比里亚籍油船“托利·勘庸”（Torry Canyon）号油污事故，该船在英吉利海峡触礁，船体断裂。
船上载有12万吨原油，约有6万吨入海，造成英国南海岸、法国北海岸和荷兰西海岸大面积污染。
为减少损害，英国政府派飞机将船舶残骸炸沉，并使船上原油燃烧。
这次事故造成的损失约1500万美元。
此案在美国法院审理。
根据1951年《美国责任限制法》，对船舶所有人责任限制实行船价制，而此案只有一条价值50美元的救生艇获救。
此案最后以300万美元通过协商得以解决，但油污受害人仅得到1/5的损害赔偿。
此案向人们提出了两个问题，即沿岸国是否有权对公海上发生的油污时间进行干预，以及如何保障油污受害人得到全部或充分的赔偿。
为此，原政府间海事协商组织于同年5月5日成立法律委员会，专门研究上述问题，并在1969年11月10-29日在布鲁塞尔召开了国际油污染损害法律会议，通过了两个国际公约。
其一为《国际干预公海油污事件公约》，以解决上述第一个问题。
其二为《国际油污损害赔偿责任公约》，简称《1969年民事责任公约》。
《1969年民事责任公约》于1975年6月19日生效，目前共有缔约国约100个。
我国于1980年1月30日参加该公约，自1980年4月29日起对我国生效。
《1969年民事责任公约》生效后，又先后通过了1976年议定书、1984年议定书、1992年议定书和其2000年修正案。
1976年议定书将责任限额的货币单位由金法郎改为特别提款权。
该议定书已经生效。
1984年议定书主要对公约做出了四个方面的修改：（1）扩大了公约的适用范围，使公约适用于为载运散装油类货物而建造或改造的任何船舶，不论其是否实际载有散装油类货物；（2）提高了责任限额，并规定赔偿总额不得超过5970万特别提款权；（3）扩大了补救措施的外延。
将为防止或减轻油污损害所采取的措施认定为补救措施，其费用和因此造成的进一步损害，属于油污损害的范畴；（4）改变了船舶所有人丧失责任限制的条件，规定当油污损害系船舶所有人本人有意造成或明知可能造成损害而轻率地作为或不作为所引起时，船舶所有人丧失责任限制权利。