hope, wish, expect, want, desire和look forward to的用法区别

hope, wish, expect, want, desire和look forward to的用法区别(转载)

1．hope作“希望”解，主要用来表示主观上的愿望并对其实现抱有信心。可接不定式（短语）或that引导的从句，但不可接“宾语+不定式”，即宾语补足语的结构，也称不定式的复合结构，例如：

We are hoping to see the president who will come to China.

I hope that you can tell us the truth.

We hope you to meet us at the station. (错误)

2．wish作“但愿、希望”解，表示某种未完成或不能完成的愿望。可接不定式（短语）、双宾语、宾语+不定式的复合结构以及that从句，例如：

I wish you to go to Beijing with me next year.

Everyone wish (that) he could pass the English exam.

We wish you success/ (to be) happy.

I wish (that) I were a millionaire.

注意：表示实现愿望的可能性不大或根本不可能时，从句用虚拟语气。

3．expect作“期待、期望”解，侧重于相信或认为有实现可能的愿望。可接名词、不定式（短语）、不定式的复合结构，例如：I never expected his coming/help.

We expect to hear from Jane.

I expect you to give me a hand.

He expected that he could get there on time.

4．want作“想要”解，可接名词、不定式短语、还可接宾语+不定式/现在分词/过去分词的复合结构，例如：A Mr. Black wants to see you, sir.

I don’t want you to make so much trouble.

He wanted his hair cut after work.

I want you telling stories all the time.

但当want作“需要”解时，则后接V-ing的形式（表示被动的含义）或不定式的复合结构，此时用法跟need相似，例如：

The floor wants cleaning/to be cleaned.

5．desire作“渴望、愿望”解，可以为名词或动词，表示强烈的希望、渴望或要求，是比want更加正式的用语，可以接名词、不定式、不定式的复合结构以及宾语从句，一般不用于进行时态、祈使句，例如：He desired information on this matter.

We all desire peace and happiness.

What do you desire me to do for you.

He desired to win the game.

My uncle desired that I (should) go to see him next month.

desire可以作名词，表示“愿望、欲望、要求、请求、”时为不可数名词；表示“所想要的东西”时为可数名词，但常用单数，作“情欲、性欲”时为不可数名词，例如：

He had a strong desire to/for success.

At last he got his desire --- a pair of new trousers.

6．look forward to作“盼望、期望”解，常用于表示愉快或满足的心情，期望或向往某事，例如：Every child is looking forward to the Spring Festival.

We are looking forward to seeing each other soon.

注意：look forward to中to为介词，故接动词时应使用动名词