英国司法组织架构图(按课文)
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common law (basis; precedent-House of Lords)
Sources of Law statue law(formal written laws;supreme over most others)
European Union law(1793)
summary offenses→local magistrates’ courts
Indictable-only offenses→local→Crown Court → Court of Appeals (Criminal Division)→House of Lords criminal courts
The court system Family Division
county courts (90%）→High Court Chancery Division →Court of Appeal(Civil Division)→House of Lords Civil courts Queen’s Bench Division
magistrates’ courts (a few many)
1) police charges
2) Crown Prosecution Service reviews
Step 1: before the court 3) arrest
no jury (magistrate’s courts)
Step 2: trial
Judicial Proceedings jury (crown courts) 12 in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland;15 in Scotland
Step 3: verdict
Recommend judicial appointments
Lord Chancellor (head of judiciary in England and Wales)
Appoints magistrates
Attorney General (chief legal adviser)
Legal Profession solicitors (general legal work)←trainee solicitors←pass exam←university degree
Judges ←senior
barristers (plead cases in court; bar)←one year under practicing barrister←member←pass exam←university degree