高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解
高考英语句子成分分析课件
谓语
说明主语做什么，是什么或怎 么样 表示动作行为的对象 与联系动词连用，一起构成谓 语，说明主语的性质或特征
动词或动词词组
She is dancing under the tree.
宾语 表语
同主语 同主语
Both of us like English. Her father is a chemist. His words sound reasonable.
成分及句型
一、句子 成分
（一）什么是？ 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主语，谓语，表语、宾语、定语 、状语、补足语。
句子成分详解表
句子成分 主语 意义 表示句子说的是什么人或什么 事 充当词类 名，代，数，不定 式，动名词，短语或 句子 例句 We study in HuangQiao Middle School.
• Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process___ it requires attention as well as money and imagination. A.until B. but C. unless D. for
• She is American, ____ she knows little about American history. A. so B. yet C. and D. therefore
宾语补足语 用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么 I consider the book too expensive. They painted their boat white. We found everything in the lab in good order
语法填空-句子成分 课件-2022届高三英语二轮复习
[分析] 空白处所填单词在句子中作定语，修饰aid，需要用finance的
形容词形式。
[答案] financial
六
状语
修饰 动词 、 形容词、 副词 或 整个句子 ，说明动作或 状态特征的句子成分做状语。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目 的、方式、原因、条件、让步、程度等意义。状语可由 形容词 、 副词 、 介词短语 、 动词不定式（短语） 、 分词 、状语从句等 充当。状语在句子中的位置很灵活，所以说它“行踪飘忽不定”。
介词短语 作表语 The important thing is ttoo lleeaarrnn aanndd ccoonnttrrooll yyoouurr tteemmppeerr so that you
may not do or say anything you’ll regret.
不定式短语 作语
simple.
系表结构
作谓语
We mmaayy hhaavvee different opinions in organizing class activities. “情态动词+实意动词” 作谓语
[典例] （全国Ⅱ卷）Since 2011, the country more corn than rice.
形容词和从句 作定语
[典例] （ 2021 全国乙卷）Provide
（finance）aid and other
benefits for local peoples. [C] all the persons who live in a particular place or
belong to a particular country, race, etc.
（grow）
中职高考英语(语文版)二轮复习语法专项课件：句子成分(33张)
I found the job rather difficult. 我发觉这个工作相当难做。 I found it rather difficult to do the job. 我发现做这项工作相当困难。
(4)动词后面跟双宾语时，可以采用两种结构： ① 动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)。例如： He often gives me some help. 他常常帮我。 ② “动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语”中，一般情况介词用to, 但动词是make, buy, borrow时,介词用for. 例如： Please make me a kite./Please make a kite for me. 请给我做个风筝。
(5)祈使句一般省略主语，加主语时往往用来指定某个人。例如： Keep the keyboards clean, children. 孩子们请保持键盘的清洁。 You go there and fetch me a glass of water. 你去给我弄一杯水来。
(6)主语可以由从句充当,详见“主语从句”。
He became a doctor after he left high school. 高中毕业后他当上了医生。 The rubber wheels are over there. 橡胶轮子在那边。
(2)代词作表语一般用主格,口语中常用宾格。例如： It’s I. (It’s me. )是我。
2. 表语的构成及用法
2. 谓语的构成及用法
(2)谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息变化。谓语部分第一个动词 往往是变形动词。例如：
高中英语高考复习句子成分知识讲解
高考英语句子成分知识讲解1.主语（subject）句子的主体，是句子所要说明的人或物，表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或主语从句等担任（请看下表）Professor Wang is a well－known scholar. （名词）I read newspaper every day. （代词）Three plus six is nine. （数词）To become a professor has been his ambition.（不定式）Smoking is harmful to health. （动名词）What we shall do next is not yet decided.（主语从句）2.谓语（predicate）说明主语的动作和状态通常由动词或动词短语（助动词或情态动词+主要动词）担任，其位置在主语之后（请看下表）His mother is a doctor. （系动词）He smiled. （不及物动词）We played basketball yesterday. （及物动词）China has entered a great new era. （助动词+主要动词）You mustn't drive after drinking. （情态动词+主要动词）Tips：动词分类：实义动词（及物动词+不及物动词）、连系动词、助动词、情态动词划重点正确的所有英文句子，永远一定有且只有一个主谓语成分，谓语一定永远存在。
因此，当分析长难句时，一定先要找到句子的主要谓语动词部分，再划分其他句子结构。
例：① She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on testes and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being “smart”.分析：句子主干：she found that...（found是谓语动词，that引导宾语从句：从句里面的谓语是did and were likely to...并列结构）翻译：她发现因为努力被表扬的孩子比因为聪明被表扬的孩子在考试中表现得更好，更愿意承担困难的任务。
2025届高考英语专项复习 句子成分和种类课件(共90张PPT)
Exercise
1.It is difficult for me ______ so much work within one night. Can you help me? A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished
2.John with two of his friends ____ to play basketball every Sunday afternoon. A. go B. went C. goes D.gone
⑧They found the house broken in. 过去分词
1.They call me Lily sometimes.
A B CD
E
2.I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
AB
C
D
3.She found it difficult to do the work.
A BC D
E
4.He asked her to take the boy out of school.
⑤ We'll send a car to fetch you. 目的状语
⑥If he goes, so will I . 条件状语
⑦Though he is a child, he knows a lot.让步状语
⑧She came in with a dictionary in her hand. 伴随状语
The days get longer and longer when summer comes. They enjoyed playing computer games. We have finished reading this book. They can speak English well. He looked after two boys. Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
高考英语二轮语法专项复习-句子成分与结构
高考英语二轮语法专项复习学案句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句一、句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。
2024届高考英语复习：句子成分课件(共74张PPT)
试卷讲评课件
例如: I happened to meet him on my way back. 我在回家的路上碰巧遇见了他。(半助动词+不定式) Passengers may not take any photo during flight. 飞行期间,旅客不得拍照。(情态动词+动词原形)
She was determined to find out who was responsible for this. 她决意弄清楚谁该对此事负责。(be+形容词+不定式) She is known to be a good teacher. 大家都称她是一位优秀教师。(动词被动式+不定式)
二、复合谓语
试卷讲评课件
复合谓语有多种结构,包括: 半助动词+不定式( appear to do, seem to do, happen to do 等); 情态动词+动词原形; be+形容词+不定式(be about to do , be determined to do, be ready to do 等); 动词被动式+不定式/现在分词/过去分词(be known to be, be found to do, be kept doing 等); used to+动词; 连系动词+表语。
Point 2、 谓语 谓语说明主语的动作或状态,也是句子的主体部分,通常由动词或短语动 词充当。谓语有人称和数的变化,可分为简单谓语和复合谓语两类。
一、简单谓语
试卷讲评课件
由一个动词或短语动词构成。 例如: The car parks operate a pay-as-you-leave system. 这些停车场按“离开时付费”的模式运作。(实义动词) Don't take on too much work-the extra cash isn't worth it. 不要太卖命了--多挣那点钱不值得。(动词短语)
长难句分析课件+-2023届高三英语二轮复习
●②In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we've got 72 hours at most. (2016全国卷ⅠC篇)
●此句的主语为we,谓语为have got，宾语为72 hours。 句中的In all和at most均为状语，from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor to the time they can be implanted in the patient为时间状语。
简单句的基本句型
五 ） 主语+谓语+宾语补足语
1.We have proved him wrong. 2.What make you think so? 3.He found the child fast asleep. 4.You should keep the room clean and tidy. 5.He likes to watch the boys playing basketball. 6.We hear her sing next door.
● 主干：
● 2.They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.
高考英语二轮复习八种句子成分
2020届二轮复习(十一) 八种句子成分句子不清、理解不明，一见长难句就发懵，皆因句子成分没划清。
划分句子成分、拆分长难句是正确理解、应用复杂句式的必备手段，所以在学习句式之前，先给同学们补上欠缺的这一课。
句子有若干个组成部分，分别承担着不同的作用，这些组成部分叫作句子成分。
英语中的句子成分分为主语(Subject)、谓语(Predicate)、宾语(Object)、表语(Predicative)、定语(Attribute)、状语(Adverbial)、补语(Complement)和同位语(Appositive)。
一、主语——习惯于发号施令，偶尔也会被赶下台在句子中，主语是谓语所表示动作或状态的执行者。
主语一般位于句子开头，且不能省略。
但在某些特定的句式里，如：疑问句、倒装句、祈使句、感叹句等，句子主语也可以“下台”而位于谓语动词之后或省略。
能够充当主语的主要有名词(短语)、主格代词、数词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式(短语)和从句等。
当主语为从句时，为避免头重脚轻，可用it作形式主语。
The patient's family have expressed their gratitude to the press in letters for the money raised.(名词作主语)Studying English is very important.(动名词短语作主语)It's obvious that he was wrong.(代词it充当形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语)二、谓语——坚决服从主语“领导”，执行命令雷厉风行谓语用来描述主语的行为动作、状态或具有的特征，常位于主语之后。
谓语可由动词和动词短语、系表结构以及“助动词/情态动词＋实义动词”充当，有时态、语态和语气的变化，同时又受到主语人称和数的制约。
判断的依据是看主语和动词之间的关系，如果两者之间是主动关系就用主动语态，如果是被动关系就用被动语态。
高考英语二轮复习句子成分学案(教师版)
高中英语人教版高三二轮复习句子成分【问题查找】一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.11. He noticed a man enter the room.12. The apples tasted sweet.1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语，直接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语，定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语，主语，状语；9、谓语，状语；10、形式主语，表语，宾补；11、宾语，宾补；12、表语二、句子翻译主谓结构（主语＋不及物动词）1、你应当努力学习。
主谓宾结构（主语＋及物动词＋宾语）2、昨晚我写了一封信。
主系表结构（主语＋系动词＋表语）3、布朗夫人看起来很健康。
双宾语结构（主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语）4、他把那本字典递给她。
复合宾语结构（主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语）5、我发现广东很漂亮。
1.You should study hard.2.I wrote a letter last night.3.Mrs. Brown looks very healthy.4.He passes her the dictionary.5.I find Jiangmen very nice.【要点精讲】精讲一：基本句子成分（30分钟）句子由若干部分组成，这些组成部分叫做句子成分。
高考英语句子成分及句子基本结构(共32张PPT)(2024版)
go swimming, how about you?
（四）表语
• 表语说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份， 与连系动词一起构成复合谓语。
• We are Chinese. （名词） • I’m not quite myself today. （代词） • Who was the first? （数词） • The war was over. （副词） • He is out of condition. （介词短词） • They seem to know the truth. （动词不定式） • His hobby is playing computer games.（动名词短语） • That is what he told me yesterday. （从词）
• ② There is an old man coming here.
（名词）
• ③To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
（不定式）
㈡谓语 说明主语的动作、状态和特征
• 谓语由简单谓语和复合谓语组成。 • ①简单谓语 • The sun rises in the east. • He looked after two orphans. • ②复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; • He can speak English very well. • The work must be done before three o’clock.
• Do you know the man who spoke just now?
高中英语高考语法知识讲解：句子成分和简单句的基本句型
高考英语句子成分和简单句的基本句型一、句子成分1、主语:说明句子所谈的是：“什么人”或“什么物”，主语通常由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。
EG:Lucy likes her new car very much. 露西喜欢她的新车。
【名词作主语】He goes to and from schoolby bike every day.他每天都起得很早。
(代词作主语)To learn English well is a challenge.学好英语是一项挑战性工作。
【不定式短语作主语】2、谓语:说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，英语中谓语只能用动词充当。
例如：We work hard.我们努力工作。
The boy caught a bird. 那个男孩逮住一只鸟。
He is like his father. 他像他父亲。
注意：介词不能作谓语，必须与be动词连用，构成系表结构，一起作谓语。
谓语和主语在人称和数方面必须保持一致。
EG:Music is the utmost pleasure in life.音乐是人生最大的快乐。
As I take each bite, the sweet and mild flavour of the red beanfilling slowly fills my mouth.3、宾语:宾语是动作的对象。
由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当，说明主语做“什么”。
EG:Tom bought a story-book.汤姆买了一本故事书。
【名词作宾语】I saw him yesterday. 昨天我看到他了。
【代词宾语】He decided to run away from home. 他决定离家出走。
【不定式短语作宾语】注意：宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语：有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫作间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语；合称双宾语。
EG：I bought my sona box of Mark pens last night. 他给了我一些墨水。
2024届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解长难句分析课件
Frost thinks kids don`t find the experience of being taught by smart machine as strange as older people because they have grown up in a time of computers and smart phones.
重点词汇语法解析： （1）donate: 赠送；献（血）；捐献（器官）;捐款，捐赠； donation : 名词形式 donate something to somebody/something : 将…捐献给某人/某物；
（2）过去分词短语做后置定语：表示被动 a book written by Moyan :一本由莫言写的书； a shopping mall opened last month: 一个上个月开张的购物商场；
句子翻译： Frost认为孩子们不像老人那样觉得被智能机器教导的经历和奇怪，因为 他们生长在一个手机和电脑都很普及的时代。
She and a group friends are using their program skill to create a new app called Food of Thought , which will allow parents, students and even kind-hearted strangers to donate money to lunch accounts for students who are in a nearby school.
长句翻译: 杰基选择的那家公司只打算雇用一个人，但有二十多ime, I started playing in a band with a Chinese man who became one of my best friends in Beijing.
高中英语高考复习句子成分详解(共五种)
高考英语句子成分英语的基本成分有八种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 、补语（complement）和同位插入。
常用的英语句子除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语(modifier)而加以扩大｡这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词.副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语.不定式短语和分词短语)｡我们称之为:定语.状语一、定语定语是对名词或代词起修饰.限定作用的词.短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示｡定语通常位于被修饰的成分前｡若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时,(如:something.nothing);或不定式.分词短语作定语.从句作定语时,则定语通常置后｡副词用作定语时须放在名词之后｡1.形容词作定语The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy;blue修饰名词pen.)小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔｡Tom is a handsome boy.Tom是个英俊的男孩｡There is a good boy.有个乖男孩｡数词作定语相当于形容词:Two boys need two pens.两个男孩需要两支钢笔｡The two boys are students.这两个男孩是学生｡There are two boys in the room.房间里有两个男孩｡代词或名词所有格作定语:His boy needs Tom\'s pen.他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔｡His name is Tom.他的名字是汤姆｡There are two boys of Toms there.那儿有Tom家的两个男孩｡介词短语作定语:The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔｡The boy in blue is Tom.穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆｡There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩｡名词作定语:The boy needs a ball pen.男孩需要一支圆珠笔｡It is a ball pen.这是一支圆珠笔｡There is only one ball pen in the pencil box.这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔｡2.副词作定语The boy there needs a pen.那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔｡The best boy here is Tom.这里最棒的男孩是Tom｡3.不定式作定语The boy to write this letter needs a pen.写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔｡The boy to write this letter is Tom.将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆｡There is nothing to do today.今天无事要做｡4.分词(短语)作定语The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔｡The pen bought by her is made in China.她买的笔是中国产的｡There are five boys left.有五个留下的男孩｡5.定语从句The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔｡The boy you will know is Tom.你将认识的男孩叫汤姆｡There are five boys who will play the game.参加游戏的男孩有五个｡二、状语状语修饰动词.形容词.副词或全句,说明方式.因果.条件.时间.地点.让步.方向.程度.目的等｡状语在句子中的位置很灵活,常见情况为:通常在句子基本结构之后,强调时放在句首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间.地点.目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首,地点状语一般须在时间状语之前;一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词.助动词.情态动词之后,动词之前｡有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义,应注意,如:The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩‘(此时in the classroom为girl的定语),也可以理解为‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’(此时in the classroom为地点状语),最好写作‘In the classroom,the boy calls the girl.'1.副词(短语)作状语The boy needs a pen very much.男孩非常需要一支钢笔｡(程度状语)The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔｡(宾语较长则状语前置)The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔｡(程度状语)The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔｡(时间状语)2.介词短语作状语In the classroom,the boy needs a pen.在教室里,男孩需要一支钢笔｡(地点状语)Before his mother,Tom is always a boy.在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语) On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语)3.分词(短语)作状语He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支笔｡(表示伴随状态)Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen./因为不得不完成作业,男孩需要一支笔｡(原因状语)Frightened,he sits there soundlessly.(因为)受了惊吓,他无声地坐在那儿｡(原因状语)4.不定式作状语The boy needs a pen to do his homework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业｡(目的状语)To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣｡5.名词作状语Come this way!走这条路!(方向状语)状语从句:时间状语从句.地点状语从句.原因状语从句.结果状语从句.目的状语从句.比较状语从句.让步状语从句.条件状语从句三、同位语同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分,近乎于后置定语｡如: We students should study hard./ (students是we的同位语,都是指同一批‘学生’)We all are students./ (all是we的同位语,都指同样的‘我们’)四、独立成分有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分,称为句子独立成分(注意:区别于分词独立结构)｡感叹词:oh,hello,aha,ah,等｡肯定词:yes否定词:no称呼语:称呼人的用语｡插入语:一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等｡如:The story,I think,has never come to the end.我相信,这个故事还远没结束情态词:表示说话人的语气(多作为修饰全句的状语)perhaps也许,maybe大概,acturely实际上,certainly当然,等｡五、分词独立结构分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致! 否则应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词独立结构。
2023高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解专题 第6讲 长难句分析
长难句分析练习 Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must
select the exact television programs and stations as well as
4.含有插入语：忽略插入语，直奔主题
The lack of right male role models in many of their lives — at home and particularly in the school environment — means that their peers are the only people they have to judgoss China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, to help reduce unemployment pressures. 主干: Schools are expected to hire 5000 college graduates.
◎真题演练
5. (2020年全国I卷C篇) According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step. （2020年全国I 卷C篇）
2025届高考英语专项复习 句子成分及基本句型 课件(共28张PPT)
定语通常包括前置定语和后置定语 前置定语 放在被修饰或限定的词前
I have a cute dog.
后置定语 放在被修饰或限定的词后 The girl in the reddress is my sister.
英语八大句子成分
定语
可以作定语的词类
名词 I am an English teacher.
动名词 Entering a university is my dream.
从句 What he said is right.
英语八大句子成分
谓语 >说明主语的动作、状态和特征
只有动词和动词短语能作谓语
→谓语有人称、数和时态的变化
>谓语通常包括简单谓语和复合谓语
简单谓语 由一个实义动词或动词短语构成
I love my dog.
复合谓语 由情态动词/助动词+动词原形 或 系动词+表语构成
I don 't want to drink water. You should drink much water. You look beautiful.
英语八大句子成分
宾语 > 动作的对象和承受者
>双宾语(间接宾语IO+直接宾语DO)
形容词 数词
I read an interesting book. I have two brothers.
介词短语 The girl in a red stress is my sister. 不定式 I have a letter to write .
分词 The smiling girl is my sister.
英语八大句子成分 主语
可以作主语的词类
名词 The dog iscute.
专题 句子成分 高考英语二轮复习阅读理解长难句解疑
四、表语 表语：跟在be动词或系动词后面，用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态
。 充当：名词，形容词，数词，分词，动词不定式（短语），方位副词，介词短语表
4. （2022 全国乙卷满分作文 ）What benefits most to their study is reading English books. (主语 从句作主语) 5.（2022 新高考II卷 ）Getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
真题例句：
1.（2022 全国乙卷 ）Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance.（介词短语作 表语）
2. （2022 新高考全国卷II ）For them, it’s just normal. （形容词作 表语）
三、宾语 宾语是指一个动作（动词）的接受者。宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类。 充当：名词（短语），代词宾格，数词，动名词（短语），动词不定式（短语），
宾语从句等。
1.She dreamed a good dream. 2. Please give me an example. (me 间接宾语，an example为 直接宾语。 3.How many do you want? We need two. 4.Learn to play the piano. 5. He made it clear that he wouldn’t go with you. 6. Did you write down what she said?
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英语的词性：
名词(noun) n. 代词(pronoun) pron. 实词 数词(numeral) num. 形容词(adjective) adj. 或a. 副词(adverb) adv. 动词(verb) v 冠词(article) art. 虚词 介词(preposition) prep. 连词(conjunction) conj. 感叹词(interjection) inter.
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （主语从句）
8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.
（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
• 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构 成。如：
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
He practices running every morning.
The plane took off at ten o’clock.
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
（二）谓语
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
试一试：
指出下列句中主语的中心词 . ① The teacher with two of his students
is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by m
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer
③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D.
④ There will be a meeting at the library this after noon.
We are students. 注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词.
① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall
girls. （数词） 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
（不定式）
5.Smoking does harm to the health（. 动名词） 6.The rich should help the poor.
（名词化的形容词）
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. （名词）
2.We often speak English in class（. 代词） 3.One-third of the students in this class are
A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?
A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
• 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词加动词原形构成。如：
You may keep the book for two weeks. （2）由助动词加动词原形,现在分词,过去分词构
成。如： Do you speak English？
They are working in a field.
He has caught a bad cold. （3）由系动词加表语构成。如：
⑧ We had better send for a doctor.
A. We
B. had C. send D. doctor
句子成分
句子成分的定义： • 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 • 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分； • 主要成分有主语和谓语； • 次要成分有宾语、定语、状语、补足语、
表语、同位语和插入语。
（一）主语：
• 主语 (Subject) 表示句子说的是什么人或什么事. 是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。 但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是 疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、 助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、 代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的 形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework
⑦ What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is
y mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the
teacher's help is very difficult.
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
高考英语二轮复习：句子成分讲解(共 63张PP T)
（二）谓语
• 谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或 具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语， 一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：