状语从句语法及习题

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状语从句

（高考）

1.时间状语从句

常用引导词when,as,while,as soon as,before,after,since,till ,until

特殊引导词every time/each time每次, immediately /the moment一---就---,when it comes to---说到---等，the first /last time第一次

1)I will tell him when he comes back.他回来时我就告诉他。

2）I will tell him as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就把这个消息告诉他。= I will tell him the moment he comes back.= I will tell him immediately he comes back.

/

Be careful ! The machine starts moment you press___(你一按)the button.(moment)

3）Each time I meet him, he will say Hello to me.每次我见到他，他都会向我问好。

Every time I listen to your advice,I get into trouble.每次我听你的意见，我都会陷入困境。

4）while引导的时间状从，从句中必须是延续性动词

While he was reading ,his wife was cooking.他看书时，他妻子烧饭。

5）till(一般不放在句首)until肯定形式表示“做某事直到某时”，动词必须是延续动词。否定形式表示“直至某时才做某事”动词一般为非延续性动词

I slept until midnight.=I didn`t wake up until midnight.我一直睡到半夜时醒了。

Wait till I call you.=Don`t leave till I call you.等着我叫你。

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Don`t get off the bus until it has stopped.公共汽车停稳了再下车。

She didn`t arrive until 8 o`clock.她直到8点才到。=She arrived not until 8 o`clock.= Not until 8 o`clock did she arrive.=It was not until 8 o`clock that she arrived.

6）since从句，自从---以来

She has never called on me,since she moved to the country.自从她搬到乡下以来就未来看过我。

It is /has been two years since we began to use the machine .我们使用这部机器已经有两年了。= We began to use the machine two years ago.=We have used the machine for two years.

注意：(1)It is/has been＋一段时间＋since引导的时间状语从句(自从做某事已经有多长时间了)

It is /has been a long time since we got married.自从我们结婚以来已经有很长时间了。=We have been married for a long time.=We got married a long time ago.

注意：（2）It will be/was＋一段时间＋before从句(多久之后才…… before 引导时间状语从句)。

—

It will (not )be a long time before he comes back.他很久以后/不久就会回来。

It was three years before he came back.三年以后她回来了。=He came back after three years.

It will be three years before he comes back.三年以后他才会回来。=He will come back in three years.

7）When it comes to tennis,you can`t beat her.说到网球，你是赢不了她的。8）The first time I saw him ,he is still a child.我第一次见到他时，他还是个孩子。

9）be doing—when—正在—突然—

had( just) done—when—刚刚---突然---

be about to do—when—正要干—突然—

{

We were having dinner when someone knocked at the door.

I had just gone to bed,when the telephone rang.我刚上床电话铃响了。

I was about to go out when it began to rain.我刚要出门天开始下雨了。10．as随着---

As time went by/passed,her hair grew gray.随着时间的流逝她的头发变得花白了。=With time going by/passing, her hair grew gray.

2.地点状语从句，常用引导词where

Generally,air will be polluted where there are factories.一般来说，有工厂的地方空气就会受到污染。注意：where 不能换成in which

He lives where I used to work.他住在我原来工作的地方。

3.^

4.原因状语从句，常用引导词because与why对应,since既然/由于，常放在

句首,as常表示众所周知的原因,for不是说明直接原因而是加以推断

Since/Now that everyone is here,let`s begin.既然每个人都到了我们就开始吧。

特别引导词now that=since既然，一般放在句首

As the weather is so bad ,we have to delay our journey.由于天气那么差我们不得不推迟旅行。

He is absent today,because he is ill.他今天没来因为他病了。

He must be ill, for he is absent.他肯定是病了因为他没来。

5.目的状语从句，常用引导词so that,in order that

特别引导词in case以防for the purpose that为了

…

The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that/in order that/ for the purpose that he could sign them.老板要秘书快点处理信件以便他能签字。

Take a taxt in case you are late for the meeting.坐出租车去免得开会迟到。