初中英语语法讲解和分类练习
初中英语语法(精品讲练结合附答案)
初中英语语法专题(专题一：词汇部分（名词、数词、冠词）A：名词专项定义：名词(nouns）是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。
名词可以独立成句。
在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。
名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。
普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。
名词在句中作主语，宾语，介词宾语，宾语补足语，表语以及名词短语作状语。
1．主语：The bag is in the desk. 书包在桌子里边。
2．宾语：I washed my clothes yesterday. 昨天我洗了我的衣服。
3．表语：This is a good book. 这是一本好书。
4．宾语补主语We selected him our monitor. 我们选他为我们的班长。
5．介词宾语Mary lives with her parents. 玛丽和她的父母亲住在一起。
6．定语：I bought some dog food.我买了一些狗食。
1、可修饰名词的常用词：修饰可数名词与不可数名词：some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of饰可数名词的有：many, (a)few, a large (great) number of只修饰不可数名词的有：much, (a)little, a great deal of2、难点1）名词所有格的归纳1、a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。
2、Children's Day3、a friend of my father's4、a twenty minutes' walk，ten miles' journey，a boat's length，two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。
初中英语语法讲解和分类练习学习啊
学英语简单吗？肯定会有许多学生说：“难死了”。
为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢？答案只有一个：“不得法。
” 英语与汉语一样都是一种语言，为什么你说汉语会如此流利？那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中，如果你在伦敦呆上半年，保准说起英语来会非常流利。
但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境，那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境，坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”，那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。
一、多“说”。
自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语，见了同学，尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候，谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，遇到生词时查一下这些生词，也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这个单词自然而然就会记住。
千万别把学英语当成负担，始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。
或许你有机会碰上外国人，你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。
尽量用一些你学过的词汇，句子去和他谈天说地。
不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。
因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇，而且不太看重说法，你只要发音准确，准能顺利地交流下去。
只是你必须要有信心，敢于表达自己的思想。
如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系，你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象，对它谈你一天的所见所闻，谈你的快乐，你的悲伤等等，长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。
二、多“听”寻找一切可以听英语的机会。
别人用英语交谈时，你应该大胆地去参与，多听听各种各样人的发音，男女老少，节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到，如果这样的机会少的话，你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听，这将会对你帮助很大，而你去听学过的课文的磁带，那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。
三、多“读”。
“读”可以分为两种。
一种是“默读”。
每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处，读的内容可以是你的课本，但最好是一些有趣的小读物，因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习（共18讲）
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习（共18讲）中考英语语法讲解资料及练习（共18讲）第1讲：名词名词当然是大家都很熟悉的了，我们吃的food，喝的drinks，穿的clothes 都是名词。
It is easy, right? 但是你可能被名词的单复数变化、名词作定语以及名词所有格等问题搞得糊里糊涂的，到底该怎么用呢？OK,follow me。
First, 名词复数的特殊变化。
普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或-es，可是偏偏有一些名词不听话，变化不规则。
这些小调皮是：a. class, box, watch, brush等词以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾，复数要加-es；b. story, factory 等以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es；c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe变为-v, 再加-es；d. 以-o结尾的名词，一般来说，末尾是"元音字母+o" 的词加-s，我们学过的有radio,zoo。
末尾是"辅音字母+o"的词，变复数加-es。
如：tomato, hero, potato，当然其中的piano 和photo，又是一个例外，他们的结尾只能加-s。
e. child（children）, foot（feet）, tooth（teeth）, mouse （mice）, man（men ）, woman（women ）等词的复数变化全不遵循规则。
注意：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；f. deer，sheep等词更是懒得可以，竟然单复数同形。
好记好记。
people，police，cattle 等词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数，所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式，这就是集体名词。
初中英语语法名词用法讲解及专项练习
初中英语语法名词⽤法讲解及专项练习初中英语语法名词⽤法讲解及专项练习【考点讲解】⼀、名词的分类⼆、可数名词与不可数名词(⼀) 可数名词名词分为可数和不可数名词。
物质名词与抽象名词⼀般属于不可数名词，它们只有单数形式；个体名词和集体名词⼀般是可数名词，通常有单数和复数两种形式。
1. 单数变复数的规则【注】①常见的以o 结尾要加es 的有如下⼏个：hero, tomato, potato ,可记为“英雄爱吃西红柿和⼟⾖”。
剩余以o 为结尾的加s ：如photo, zoo, piano等②以f 或fe 结尾变f 或fe 为v+es 的词有如下：⼩偷的妻⼦⽤⼑把狼劈成两半，⼀半放在书架上，⼀半放在树叶上2. 不规则复数形式(1) 元⾳或词尾发⽣变化：child- , man- , woman-_________, foot- , tooth- , mouse-policeman -___________, Frenchman-_________Englishman-(2) 单复数形式相同： (3) 形式为复数，意思为复数：people ，police(4) 形式为复数，意思为单数：news, maths, physics(5) 只能⽤复数形式：trousers, shoes, glasses ……【注】○1man，woman作定语修饰别的名词时，要把man，woman和其他部分都变成复数，如man teacher –，woman doctor –_____________；○2但是其他合成名词，只需把其中⼼词变成复数形式。
如：shoe factory- , banana tree-3. “某国⼈”的复数形式“中⽇不变英法变，其余s加后边”(⼆)不可数名词不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，⼀般没有复数形式1. 物质名词有water, rice, tea, milk, chicken(鸡⾁), fish(鱼⾁), food, fruit, beef, orange(橙汁), sugar, salt, paper(纸), porridge, bread, sand, juice,chalk等；抽象名词有news, music, time(时间), information等；2. 在英语中，不可数名词如果要表⽰“量”的概念，可以⽤以下两种⽅法：(1) ⽤much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表⽰多少，例如：a lot of money / some milk / any water / much snow(2) ⽤“a piece / glass / cup / bottle / bag of+不可数名词”或“数词pieces / glasses / cups / bottles / bags of+不可数名词”这类定语，例如：a piece of paper ( wood / bread) →a bottle of orange →a glass of wate r →a cup of tea →a bag of rice →3. 不可数名词不能与数词或不定冠词a/an连⽤；4. 注意有些名词既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，此时中⽂意思有区别。
(完整word版)初中英语语法讲解以及练习题
1Chinese1There are fifty six in China.普通：一类人/事物 固有名称A. peopleB. peoplesC. people ' sD. of个体：stude nt table people物质：water air rain 2.There is not enough in the corner to put the table.抽象（动状态，品future help health A. place B. room C. floor 集合：class people familyD. ground表示的事物的性3.The new pair of which I bought yesterday is i made 可数:a pen two boxes （可直接用数字计) of不可数ink workA. glasses; glassB. glass; glassC. glasses; glassesD. 用量数+of 表示数量 a piece of paper; a bottle of water; three glass; glassescups of tea4.The Whites to China for holiday this summer.Here is a bottle of wine.A. is going to flyB. flyC. are going to flyD. flies a little minutesthe Great WallFrance,two dogs, and,some 名词 专有：人/事物/地点/机构 Tianjin There are four glasses of milk. I need a box of apples. There are two baskets of eggs on the table. 可数名词：单数 复数：规则与不规则 规则： 直接+ s 以s x sh ch 结尾 + es maps bags brushes watches boxes buses 5. He told us he had some a cow on his farm. A. sheeps; chickens B. sheep; chickens C. sheep; chicken D. sheeps; chicken6. There have been a lot of _______ in our city since 1990.A, woman doctors B. woman doctor C. women doctor D. women doctors 7.(boys)辅音字母+ y 结尾，把 y 变 i + escities families以f, (roofs, handkerchiefs) 以o fe 结尾,把f, fe 变 v + es knives leaves8. 结尾 + es potatoes tomatoes (pianos, photos, radios ） 不规则：children human beings ） 单复数一样： 形式单数意义复数 feet teeth mice men women Frenchmen (Germans, These visitors are from ____________ . But they are probably not _______, because they speak ___ .A. German; German; FrenchB. Germany; Germen; FranceC. Germany; Germans; FrenchD. German; Germans; France They got much ______ from those new books.A. ideasB. photo D. messageIf there is a big football match, several C. information Chinese Japanese fish deer sheep :cattle police people The people here are very friendly.以复数形式出现 :clothes, glasses, shoes, stockings, trousers His clothes are over there. 名词所有格：有生命的东西的名词 + ‘s 表示谁的 Toni sfriends; the students books; the teacher 'office; the students ' reading room 表几个人共有一样东西 :Bei and Rong ' s room is very clean. 表各自所有:Liu ' s and Peng ' s mothers are both teachers. 省略:避免重复 This is not my brother but my husband ' s. 表示店铺, 某人家时 the doctor ' s (office); the Green the tailor ' s (shop) 指时间，距离的名词也可用名词所有格Beijing ' s population; five minutes ' walk; today 表无生命的东西的名词所有关系，用of 形式 The leg of the table; the cover of the book 双重所有格：of 短语+名词所有格a friend of my sister 'a picture of Mrs. Wang s picture of Mrs. Wang) 名词在句子中的作用The teacher taught us an English song yesterday.My daughter likes Chinese.Linda was elected monitor. We named her Beibei. We would like to visit a car factory. John David, a famous America singer, died in an aircraft crash. 词练习题 例题： 9. traffic. A. hundreds polices B. hundreds police hundred police 10. The old teacher is a friend ofA. my eldest broth er 'C. my eldest brothers11. This book will beA. of great use importance 12.will watch theC. hundred policesD. B. my eldest brother D. my eldest brothers in your studies.B. of helpfulC. with careD. great 's glass 13. The teachers who are coming to us are ______ mothers.A. Rose and Dick ' sB. Rose ' s and DickC. 'Rose and DicksD. Rose and Dick----- Is this _______ newspaper? 's (house)— --- Y es, it ' s my . A. today ' s; fatBetoday ' today; father 's newspapte r The new shop sells ________ A. women B. women ' s s; father C.today; father D. clothes and shoes. s C. womens (a Please keep quiet. If you make a lot of __________ , you may disturb others.A. voiceB. noiseC. soundD. singing ----- Would you like some drinks, boys? ----- Yes, _______ , please.A. some orangesB. two boxes of chocolatesC. some cakesD. twobottles of orange This is _______ room. The twin sisters like it very much. A. Lucy ' s and Lily ' s B. Lucy ' s and Lily C. Lucy and Lily ' s After playing football for more than a half hour, the students took rest. A. a few minute 'Bsa few minutes 'C. a little minute D'. s D. womari 15. It is about ______ walk from here to the station. A. half an hours B. a half hours C.'half a hour D. s half s What ______ we are having today! A. the fine weather B. a fine weather C. fine a weather D. weatherhour 16. an fine )1. _____ are going to England for a holiday. A. The Wang B. Wang ' C . The Wang ' s D. The Wangs )2. There are many ________________ in the school. A. women teachers B. woman teachers C.women teacherD. woman teacher ( )3. _____ turn yellow in autumn. A. Leaf B. Leaves C. LeaveD. Leafs ( )4. Will you please show me the way to the _____ shop? A. shoe B. shoes ' C. shoes D. shoe ' s ( )5. Help yourselves to some _____ , dear children! A. fishs B. fishes C. fish D. the fish ( )6. _____ hard work it is! A. What a B. How C. What D. How a ( )7. Do you believe that there are two _____ in my class? A. Maries B. Marys C. Mary ' s D. Marys ' ( )8. His family _____ a happy one.A. beB. areC. isD. was ( )10. My grandparents like _____ very much, so they grow some in their _____ garden every year.2 A. vegetable, vegetable B. vegetable, vegetablesC. vegetables, vegetablesD. vegetables, vegetabl冠词不可独立使用，放在名词前不定冠词 a an定冠词：the不定冠词用法:a + 一般名词an +发音以元音音素开头的名词a house; a university; a book; an hour; an umbrella; an apple1. 第一次提到某人，某物There is a ball under the chair.Mrs. Li is a math teacher.2•代表某类人/物A horse is a useful animal.Even a child can answer this question.3. 表示每一的Take this medicine three times a day.4. 固定词组（平时积累）have a rest; a long time; a few; a lot of; a bit; go out for a walk定冠词the 这个;那个;这些;那些1. 特指某个人/某物；谈话双方都知道的事物；重复提到过的人/事物They are playing basketball. The ball is hers.Would you please take the book to Mr. Liu? There isa table by the window. On the table there are somebooks.2. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前；方位名词前Liu Beibei wants to visit the Summer Palace.The sun sets in the west.3. 用在单数可数名词前，表示某类人或事物The computer is a very useful machine.The elephant is bigger than the horse.4. 用在序数词，形容词或副词最高级或only修饰的名词前This is the first time he visits Europe.He is the best teacher they have ever met.She is the only teacher who has been to bothAmerica and Britain.5. 用在乐器前My daughter likes to play the piano.（表球类，棋类名词前不用）6. the + adj表示某类人或事物the poor; the young; the wounded7. the +姓氏复数形式，表示…一家人或夫妇The Greens are watching TV now.The Wangs are kind to us.8. 专有名词前The Yellow River; the Red Sea; The people ' sRepublic of China; The Great Wall.9. 习惯用语in the morning; in the afternoon; on the right（at night; at noon; at midnight）零冠词现象1. 表某一类人或事物复数名词前（泛指）Girls like flowers.2. 国名,人名前Mary likes to live in China.3. 名词前已有this, that, these, those, my, some, any,his等代词作定语修饰时I have no classes every Sunday.I have been teaching English in this school foreighteen years.4. 在抽象名词或物质名词前She and her husband both like music.（Tom likes the music of the film.）Paper is made of wood. 5. 星期月份，季节，节假日前I was born in November.It is very hot in summer here.6. 表头衔，职务前This is Mr. Liu, manager of this company.7. 三歺球类前Have breakfast. Play foot ball8. 固定词组Go to school; work day and night; go to bed; by train 用适当的冠词填空，不需要冠词的空白处填“X'：1. The car is running about sixty miles _________ hour.2. My friend is interested in __________ science.3. Don' tworry; we still have _________ little time left.Hurry up; we have _____ little time left.4. John is _____ cleverest boy in his class.5. March 8 is _________ Women ' s Day.6. _______ Greens will come to see you tomorrow.7. Here is _____ black blouse; _______ blouse is hers.8. They always have ____________ bread for_________ dinner.9.I prefer playingbasketball.piano to playing1harder we study, more we'll learn.11We can' t see sun at night.A. a; /B. a; theC. the; /D. the; the12Students often play volleyball in afternoon.A. /; anB. /; theC. the; anD. a; theIs Canada _______ English speaking country.A. /B. aC. anD. the4. This is _____ orange. It is _______ small orange.A. an; anB. an; aC. /; theD. the; a5. ___ UN report says that there will be standingroom only on ____ earth then.A. A; theB. A; /C. An; /D. An; the.There is _______ x in ______________ word sixA. a; theB. a; anC. an; theD. a; a8. Look! ______ fine weather it is today!A. What aB. whatC. how aD. how9. ___ Yellow River is ___ second longest river in China.A. The; theB. /; aC. The; aD. The; /10. John Smith is __ of the two young men.A. strongB. a strongerC. the strongerD. the strongest1. --What color is _______ orange? ——It ' s______ ora nge.A. an; anB. an; theC. an; /D. /; an2. Look! ____ good time the children are having!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a3. London is ___ capital of ______England.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; theD. the; /4. There ' re __ few mistakes （错误）in your homework. Don ' t make __ same mistakes again.continentB. The; theC.A./; the/;/ D. /; aWhat fine weather we have these days!A.a B. the C./ D. anGreens are on visit to a beautiful city in China.A./; a B. A; the C.The; a D. the; /India and China are of ___________ sameA. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. /; the5. ___ Most of the students in our class go to ______ school by bike every day.A. /; /B. the; aC. /; aD. the; the6. Don' tgive up. You can try for __________ second time.A. theB. anC. aD. /7. She took me by __ hand and led me into ______ room.A. my; aB. the; theC. a; theD. my; the8. What ___ interesting game it is! It must be __great fun.A. an; aB. a; theC. the; /D. an; /9. The house in _____ front of the river is on _______ fire.A. /; /B. the; theC. the; /D. /; a10. He often says ______ r ich should help _________ poor.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD. /; /11. —What can you see by the lake?—I can see ____ old man sitting on the chair. (2000杭州)A. aB. anC. theD. /12. —Have you had ______ lunch yet? ---No, notyet. (2000 广州)A. /B. aC. theD. an13. One morning he found a bag. There was _ “ s” onthe corner of _ bag. (2000 甘肃)A. a; aB. a; theC. an; aD. an; the14. There ' s ______ egg on the plate. ____ egg is for you. (2000 内蒙古)A. a; AB. an; AnC. an; TheD. the;An15. Did you enter for (报名/进入，参加) ______ high jump or ____ 400-metre race? (2000 上海)A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the16. __ old man in black has waited for you for halfhour. (2001 汕头)A. The; anB. The; aC. An; aD. An;不填17. ____ elephant is _____ u seful animal. (2002 汕头)A. An; anB. An; aC. The; anD. A; an 18. —I saw _ story- book on the teacher ' s desk?— __ b ook is Li Ming ' s. (20汕头)A. a; AB. the; TheC. the; AD. a;TheA. in the front ofB. in frontC. in front ofD. at front the ( )9. September 10th is _____ in China.A. Teachers ' Dayeacher ' s CayTeacher Day D. the Teachers ' Day( )10. People often go skating in _____ winter.A. /B. aC. anD. the代词人称/物主/指示/反身/疑问/相互/不定人称代词：数/格/人称主格/宾格/单数/复数/人称I teach them English.Do you want to go there with us?Who is that? It is me.Who are you? I am your new neighbour.I choose you four. The rest stay here.She is from China.Where is Liu Jing? He has gone to France.She bought a new watch last week, but she lost it yesterday.It is going to snow.（时间/天气/自然/距离）It is sunny today. It is half past four. It is not far from my home to the school.Who is it? It is me.（指代不太清楚的人）Is it your new teacher?物主代词表达所有关系形容词性my your his her its our their相当于形容词，作定语，后接名词名词性mine yours his hers its ours theirs 相当于形容词性物主代词+名词My students, his familyTheir classroom is big. Ours is bigger. （our classroom）These books are not his. They are mine.There is something wrong with my car. Can I use yours? 指示代词This that （时间/空间距我们较近的人或事物）these those （时间/空间距我们较远的人或事物）This/that is a horse.I like these but he likes those.What I need is this.Have you read those books?That/those可代替前面提到过的名词以避免重复The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Wuhan.The cars made in Japan are as good as those made in Germany.This/that可用来表示程度Is she that tall?The book is about this thick.That可用来代替句子或句子中的一部分He caught a cold. That ' s why he could not come. 不定代词不具体指明代替任何特定的名词或形容词的代词some/any/no/nonesome/anysome 用于肯定句中He has some English books,but he has not any French books.Any用于否定句或疑问句中Do you have any paper and pens?Would you like some coffee?Some +单数可数名词表示某个Some lady asked to see you yesterday.19. There is _____ man over there, ____ man is fromRenhua, and he is studying in ________ BeijingUniversity.A. the, the ,theB. a, a, aC. a , the, theD. a, the, /( )1. Sunday is _____ day of the week.A. oneB. the firstC. firstD. the one( )2. Which is ______ , the sun, the earth or the moon?A. biggerB. biggestC. the biggestD. big ()3. There is a desk in his bedroom. On ________ desk there is ____ pencil-box.A. a, theB. the, theC. the, aD. a, a( )4. What _____ g ood idea it is!A. aB. anC. theD. /( )5. Yesterday I went to _______ s chool on ______ foot.A. the, theB. /, /C. a, /D. the, /( )7. Though he is rich, he has _____ friends.A. a littleB. a fewC. a lot ofD. few( )8. There is a tall tree _____ our classroom.There must be some reason for this.No/noneNo = not any可数/不可数名词None主语:宾语There is no money in the box.No car is 100% safe.None of them is/are good at English.She needs some money, but there is none at hand.All my friends like music. All my friends do not like music. Not all myNone of my friends like music.Many/muchMany +可数名词复数Much + 不可数名词She has many friends.There is not much water in the bottle.Few/a few 修饰或代替可数名词Little/a little —词主宾疋数量相对而言He has a few friends, but he has few good friends.There is a little water here, you may drink it.There is little time left, please be quick.We have quiet a few books to read. （许多）We have only a few minutes left.Very few people know about it.There is only a little （very little） water in the bottle. Both/either/neither两者都/两者中的一个/两者都不These tow books are very interesting. I like both.Both of them are right.Neither of them is good at English.Here are two tickets. You may take either of them.Both her brothers are teachers.Neither of her brothers is a teacher.Both her brothers are not teachers.Any/none/all用于三者或三者以上They are all tired, but none of them will stop to have a rest.I am free for the whole week. You can come on any day. All/both三者/两者或以上All the teachersAll of the teachersBoth the teachersBoth of the teachersBe动词后，实义动词前They all went there by plane.They are both teachers.The friends have both been invited.Each/every强调个别/强调全体There are many flowers on each side of the streets. Every student has to take the exam.Each of children was given a cake.The boys have five books each.They each have five books.Each of them （the boys） has five books.One代替可数名词，避免重复Ones/one ' s/oneselfI don ' t have a pen. Can you lend me one?There are two old books and a new one on the desk. One must do one ' s duty.One should not praise oneself.Another/the other/the others另一个，又一个（众多中）/两者中一个/其余所有的几个This sweater is too small. Could you show me another one?The boy has three toy guns. One is green. Another is yellow. The third is black.There are 2 foreign students in the class. One is fromFrance. The other is from Britain.There are many people in the park. Some are singing. Others are dancing.There are 20 students in our class. Ten are boys. The others are girls.合成代词Somebody someone anybody看作单数，做主宾定There is nothing in the box.Nobody wants to read it.A. one theseD. that7. The players fromfrom Asia.A. those thatD. they8. He found ______problem by _______ .A. that; ourselvesB. thoseC.Europe are taller thanB. theseC.impossible to work out theB. it; myselfC.疑问代词who whom whose what which Who 主who will come here?Who m 宾who/whom did you see yesterday?Who se 疋whose book is it?What 什么what are you looking at?Whic h 哪一个which teacher is your favoriteteacher?反身代词谁自己〜selfMyself himself yourself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselvesThe children enjoyed themselves at the party.The cake was made by the mother herself.相互代词：表互相Each otherOne anotherYou should help each other in your lessons.They are interested in one another ' s work. The students ' barbers cut each other ' s hair. 代词练习题例题It used to be ____________ apartment, but nowit ' _s ____ .A. hers; mineB. her; mineC. her; myD. hers; myThe population of China is much larger than of Russia.A. thisB. thoseC. itD. that----- Is _______ here?----- No, Tom and Jack have asked for leave.A. anybodyB. everybodyC. somebodyD.nobody----- Which do you prefer, coffee or cola?----- ----------- , thanks. I ' d like a cup of tea.A. EitherB. bothC. NeitherD. None it; himself D. that; himself9. _____ took us two hours to repair the refrigerator.A. ThisB. It ' sC. ThatD. It10. ----- Who is singing in the next room?----- ----------- must be Mary.A. SheB. ThisC.It D. He11. ----- Hello, may I speak to Peter?----- Hello, ______ Peter speaking.A. I ' mB. this isC. that ' sD. its12. ----- When shall we go fishing next week,Saturday or Sunday?----- ----------- day is OK. You decide.A. NeitherB. either.C. bothD. all13. There are forty pupils in Class 3.__________ of them are Young Pioneers.A. AllB. EitherC. BothD. Each14. You can take _______ of the two bags, butleave one to your sister.A. eachB. bothC. neitherD. either15.16.17.don'----- Which do you prefer, coffee or milk?----- ----------- , thanks. I ' d like some cool water. A.Either --------- B. NeitherD. None----- Is he interested in all the games?----- No. he likes _______ .A. allB. anyD. neither______ of us has been told aboutt know it at all.A. bothB.nobodyC. BothC.noneit, so weC. Each1. ______ bedroom is larger than _______ .A. Our; yourB. Yours; theirsC.Theirs; ours D. Their; oursThe colour2. ---------- Li Gang and Wang Lin have been away.They can ' t help us with the work.----- Let ' s do it ______ .A. ourselves yourselves D. myself 3. Look at the cat.B. themselvesC.Washing18. of theirs.A. thatthese19. Grannyyellow _____A. oneD. None ofLingling s'skirt is different fromB. thisC.LiD. thosekeeps one white cat and threeB. onceC.one20.D. onespaws.A. Its; itsB. It; itsC. It ' s; itsD. It ' s; it ' s4. All the students have gone to the Science Museum except _______ .A. her and hisB. him and meC. she and himD. he and I5. ______ will be sent to Germany for the training.A. I, you and heB. He, I and youC. You, shes----- Would you like a banana?----- No, thank you. I ' ve already had .A. oneB. itC. that21. playground?---- Yes, I can see _______ .A. any; a fewB. any; fewand I D. I, you and they6. The population of China is larger than of India.D. this---- Can you see students on theC. some; littleD. any; any22. If Lintao can' t win the race, does want a go?A. else everybodyB. somebody elseC.else anybody D. anybody else23. Here are two letters, Bob,__________ is for youand ______ is for your father.A. one; anotherB. one; the secondC. one; the otherD. one; others 24. After supper some people like to stay at home watching TV. liketo go out for a walk. A. another B. other C.Qomolangma, but only _______have succeeded.A. many aB. few D. muchC. 29 ----- May I use your pencil sharpener?----- Ye s. I have two, and you can us e of them.A. everyB. all C an yD. either30of the five girls knows how to ge tthere.A. allB. neither C bothD. none 31. I have four cousins. One is a lawyer, _______ isan artist, ______ are workers. A. the other; the others B. another; othersC. another; the othersD. the other; others32. This pair of glasses is too dark. Could you showme _______ / A. the others B. another one C. the other D. another pair33. Miss Gao gave the exam papers to all the pupils except who hadnot passed the exam.A. the onesB. onesD. the otherC. them to 34.— —I ' m very thirsty. Could I havedrink?― —What would you ― — will do.A. anything; somethingB.somethin g; anythingC. something; somethingD. anything; anything35. -------- What are you doing here, Mary and Kate? ------------- We are looking at _______ pictures. A. each ' s otheB. each other 'C.s each otherD. each ' s other ' sothers D. the others25“ H s the tallest in the class mean s than in the calss ”.A. every boyB. any studentsC. eachboy D. any other student26Let ' ask Jim about the Internet. He knows about it.A. a fewB. fewC.a little D. little27I can ' tgive you any ink because I have left.A. littleB. fewC.a little D. a few28 A lot of climbers have tried to climb theHe ' s taller数词数词表示数目的多少和顺序的词分为基数词和序数词基数词：表示数目或数量的词从十三至十九：以teen结尾逢十都以ty结尾二十一至九十九：十位与个位之间加连字符hundred thousand million billion读法：每三位隔开十位与百位之间加and26,256,352序数词：表示顺序或第几用法第一，第二，第三，其他加基数词后加th注意第五,第八，第九，第十二fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth 二十，三十等：y变i +eth多位数时只变个位缩略形式：阿拉伯数字加最后两位字母读法：Lesson 2, the second lesson Page 53, the fifty-third page Room 605 Bus 5Telephone number: 2225553分数读法：分子用基数分母用序数1/2 a half 1/3 onethird 2./4 two quarters（）/5 two fifths 五又四分之五five and four fifths小数：0.12 0.32百分比：percent sixty percent加减乘除:Five and ten is fifteen. Five plus ten equals fifteen. Five and ten make fifteen.Seven minus one equals six. Seven minus one is six.Five times six equals thirty.Ten divided by five equals two.日期表示法：1990年3月14日March 14 1990（）9 世纪the nineteenth centuryIn the 1990s时刻表达法：练习：This table is about ____________________ （四英尺长，三英尺高，五英No body believes that ________________ （一个八岁的小男孩）can do so well.We can see ______________ （数以千记的）stars at night.Our office is _____ （和平路3 3 号）（第八课） ____ is the simplest lesson of the book.My daughter was born ___________ （1995 年4 月5 日）He gets up ___________ （6:25） and goes to school _________ （7:00）You can take _________ （685 公共汽车）to go to the department store.This story happened in Guangzhou _________ （1996 年9月）How much is _______ （30-5）例题There are abouttwo school.A. thousand thousand ofIn our class ____ of the students are girls.A. three fifthsB. three fifthC. third fiveD. third fifthsBoth of the two rules are broken. I want to buy a ___ one.A. threeD. 不填数词练习1 There are ___ days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-fivB. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-fiveD. three hundred and sixty five2 There are ___ students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-sixB. eight hundred and forty sixC. eight hundred and forty-sixD. eight hundred forty-six3 _____ p eople visit this museum every day.A. HundredB. HundredsC. Hundred ofD. Hundreds of4 There are two __ people in the meeting room.A. hundredB. hundredsC. hundreds ofD. hundred of5 Every year __ watch NBA on TV.A. million peopleB. millions of peopleC. millions peopleD. million of people6 ___ t rees have been planted in our school inthe past 10 years.A. Thousands ofB. Two thousandsC. Thousand ofD. Two thousand of7 Look! There are ___ in the sky.A. thousand starsB. thousand of starsC. thousands of starsD. thousands of star8 My brother is in ___ .A. Three Class, One GradeB. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class ThreeD. class three, grade one9 We are going to learn _ this term.A. book sixB. six bookC. the book sixD. Book Six10 Please turn to __ . Let's read the text aloud.A. Page TwoB. the page twoC. second pageD. page second11 We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this ___ .A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-fiveB. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty fiveC. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-fiveD. seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-five12 "The year 1999" should be read "The year ___ ".A. nineteen and ninety-nineB. nineteen ninety-nineC. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nineD. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine13 He will come here ____ tomorrow morning.A. at fifthB. at tenC. on twoD. till tenth14 Every day he begins to do his homework __ .A. at ten past sevenB. at seven pass tenC. on ten past seventhD. until ten15 He was doing some washing ___ .A. at eight yesterday morningB. yesterday morning eightC. yesterday morning at eightD. by eight yesterday morning16 He began to work there _ .A. on his fiftyB. at age of fiftyC. when he fiftyD. in his fifties17 They moved to Beij ing ____ students in the newly built B. thousands C.D. thousands ofB. thirdC. forthA. in 1980sB. in the 1980 'C.in the 1980s D. on the 1980's18 We all like the boy.A. of ten years oldB. ten-year-oldC.at ten old D. of age of ten4 She was __ her early twenties when she went abroad.A. atB. onC. of D: in19 There are ___ m onths in a year. December isthe ____month of the year.A. twelve; twelveB. twelve; twelfthC. twelfth; twelveD. twelve; twelveth20 During ___ century, the world population has already reached 6 billion.A. twentyB. the twentiethC. twentiethD. the twenty21 Sunday is the __ day of the week.A. seventhB. firstC.second D. third22 Autumn is season in a year.A. the fourthB. the thirdC. a thirdD. the threeth23 Tom was to get to school and I was ______ .A. first; ninthB. a first; a ninthC. the first; the ninthD. the second; the nineth24 -What's the date today?-Its __ .A. FridayB. time to goC. cloudyD. June 4th25 Jenny was bornA. on July 10, 1987B. in July 10, 1987C. in 1987,July 10 D. on 1987, July 1026 Monday is the second day, and ______ .A. Tuesday is the fourthB. Thursday is the fifthC. the second is TuesdayD. the second is Thursday27 About ___ of the books in our school library are written in Chinese.A. four-fifthB. four-fifthsC. fourth-fifthsD. fourths-fifth28 __of the students are girls in our class.A. Two threeB. Two threesC. Twothirds D. Second three29 __of the world's books and newspapers are written in English.A. Three quartersB. Three quarterC. Thirds fourD. Threes fourth30 Tom is in therow.A. a secondB. the second Ctwo D.second31 The girl wanted tosingsong in English.A. the othersB. a second Coth er D. the second32 Now let me have .A. the third tryB. a third try C third try D. this third try参考答案：C CD A B A C B D A C B B A A D C A D B B B B C D A B B C A B B B。
初中英语语法知识点精讲+习题+练习(精华版).doc
初中英语语法知识点精讲+习题+练习（精华版）（注：共四部分）第一部分1) leave的用法1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。
例如：When did you leave Shanghai?你什么时候离开上海的？2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。
例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。
例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你为什么要离开上海去北京？2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。
此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。
例如：You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。
例如：You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。
3.用于表示可能性。
should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。
例如：We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与Which...?1. what 与which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。
初中英语语法知识点详解与习题训练
初中英语语法知识点详解与习题训练英语是国际交流中最重要的语言之一，掌握好英语语法知识对于学习和运用英语来说至关重要。
在初中英语学习过程中，学生需要掌握一些基本的语法知识点，以便正确地理解和使用英语。
本文将详细介绍一些初中英语语法知识点，并提供相应的习题训练，帮助学生巩固所学知识。
一、单数和复数名词1. 单数名词是指表示一个或一种事物的名词，如“dog”（狗），“book”（书）等。
在句子中，单数名词可以和不定冠词“a”或“an”连用，表示一个或一种事物。
例句：I have a dog.（我有一只狗。
）2. 复数名词是指表示两个或两个以上事物的名词，如“dogs”（狗），“books”（书）等。
在句子中，复数名词可以和定冠词“the”连用，表示特指某些事物。
例句：The dogs are playing in the park.（狗们正在公园里玩。
）练习题：用所给名词的适当形式填空。
1. I have two ________.（apple）2. Please give me a ________.（cup）3. Do you have any ________?（brother）二、形容词的比较级和最高级1. 形容词的比较级用来比较两个人或物的大小、高低、速度等。
规则变化：形容词的比较级通常在词尾加“er”，如“bigger”（更大的），“faster”（更快的）等。
2. 形容词的最高级用来表示三个或三个以上人或物中最大、最高、最快等。
规则变化：形容词的最高级通常在词尾加“est”，如“biggest”（最大的），“fastest”（最快的）等。
练习题：选择合适的词填入句子中。
1. Lucy is ________ than Lily.（tall）2. The elephant is ________ animal in the world.（big）3. This car is ________ than that one.（fast）三、动词的时态1. 现在时态用于描述当前正在发生的事情或经常发生的事情。
初中英语语法讲解以及练习题
名词专有: 人/事物/地点/机构Tianjin France the Great Wall Chinese普通: 一类人/事物固有名称个体: student table物质: water air rain抽象(动作, 状态, 品质): future help health集合: class people family表示的事物的性质可数: a pen two boxes (可直接用数字计算的)不可数ink work用量数+of 表示数量a piece of paper; a bottle of water; three cups of teaHere is a bottle of wine.There are four glasses of milk.I need a box of apples.There are two baskets of eggs on the table.可数名词: 单数复数: 规则与不规则规则: 直接+ s maps bags以s x sh ch 结尾+ es brushes watches boxes buses辅音字母+ y 结尾, 把y 变i + es cities families (boys)以f, fe 结尾, 把f, fe 变v + es knives leaves (roofs, handkerchiefs)以o 结尾+ es potatoes tomatoes (pianos, photos, radios)不规则: children feet teeth mice men women Frenchmen (Germans, human beings)单复数一样: Chinese Japanese fish deer sheep形式单数意义复数: cattle police peopleThe people here are very friendly.以复数形式出现: clothes, glasses, shoes, stockings, trousersHis clothes are over there.名词所有格: 有生命的东西的名词+ ‘s 表示谁的Tom’s friends; the students’ books; the teacher’s office; the students’ reading room 表几个人共有一样东西: Bei an d Rong’s room is very clean.表各自所有: Liu’s and Peng’s mothers are both teachers.省略:避免重复This is not my brother’s glass but my husband’s.表示店铺, 某人家时the doctor’s (office); the Green’s (house); the tailor’s (shop)指时间,距离的名词也可用名词所有格Beijing’s population; five minutes’ walk; today’s newspaper表无生命的东西的名词所有关系, 用of 形式The leg of the table; the cover of the book双重所有格: of短语+ 名词所有格a friend of my sister’s; a picture of Mrs. Wang’s (a picture of Mrs. Wang)名词在句子中的作用The teacher taught us an English song yesterday.My daughter likes Chinese.Linda was elected monitor.We named her Beibei.We would like to visit a car factory.John David, a famous America singer, died in an aircraft crash. 名词练习题例题:Please keep quiet. If you make a lot of , you may disturb others.A. voiceB. noiseC. soundD. singing ——Would you like some drinks, boys?——Yes, , please.A. some orangesB. two boxes of chocolatesC. some cakesD. two bottles of orange This is room. The twin sisters like it very much.A. Lucy’s and Lily’sB. Lucy’s and LilyC. Lucy and Lily’sAfter playing football for more than a half hour, the students took rest.A. a few minute’sB. a few minutes’C. a little minute’sD. a little minutes’1. There are fifty six in China.A. peopleB. peoplesC. people’sD. of people2. There is not enough in the corner to put the table.A. placeB. roomC. floorD. ground3. The new pair of which I bought yesterday is made of .A. glasses; glassB. glass; glassC. glasses; glassesD. glass; glasses4. The Whites to China for holiday this summer.A. is going to flyB. flyC. are going to flyD. flies5. He told us he had some , some , two dogs, and a cow on his farm.A. sheeps; chickensB. sheep; chickensC. sheep; chickenD. sheeps; chicken6. There have been a lot of in our city since 1990.A, woman doctors B. woman doctor C. women doctor D. women doctors7. These visitors are from . But they are probably not , because theyspeak .A. German; German; FrenchB. Germany; Germen; FranceC. Germany; Germans; FrenchD. German; Germans; France8. They got much from those new books.A. ideasB. photoC. informationD. message9. If there is a big football match, several will watch the traffic.A. hundreds policesB. hundreds policeC. hundred policesD. hundred police10. The old teacher is a friend of .A. my eldest broth er’sB. my eldest brotherC. my eldest brothers’D. my eldest brothers11. This book will be in your studies.1A. of great useB. of helpfulC. with careD. great importance12. The teachers who are coming to us are mothers.A. Ros e and Dick’sB. Rose’s and Dick’sC. Rose and Dicks’D. Rose and Dick13. ——Is this newspaper?——Yes, it’s my .A. today’s; fatherB. today’s; father’sC. today; father’sD. today; father14. The new shop sells clothes and shoes.A. womenB. women’sC. womens’D. woman’s15. It is about walk from here to the station.A. half an hours’B. a half hours’C. half a hour’sD. half an hour’s16. What we are having today!A. the fine weatherB. a fine weatherC. fine a weatherD. fine weather( ) 1. _____ are going to England for a holiday.A. The WangB. Wang’sC. The Wang’sD. The Wangs( ) 2. There are many _____ in the school.A. women teachersB. woman teachersC.women teacherD. woman teacher ( ) 3. _____ turn yellow in autumn.A. LeafB. LeavesC. LeaveD. Leafs( ) 4. Will you please show me the way to the _____ shop?A. shoeB. shoes’C. shoesD. shoe’s( ) 5. Help yourselves to some _____ , dear children!A. fishsB. fishesC. fishD. the fish( ) 6. _____ hard work it is!A. What aB. HowC. WhatD. How a( ) 7. Do you believe that there are two _____ in my class?A. MariesB. MarysC. Mary’sD. Marys’( ) 8. His family _____ a happy one.A. beB. areC. isD. was( ) 10. My grandparents like _____ very much, so they grow some in their _____ garden every year.A. vegetable, vegetableB. vegetable, vegetablesC. vegetables, vegetablesD. vegetables, vegetable2冠词不可独立使用,放在名词前不定冠词 a an定冠词: the不定冠词用法: a + 一般名词an + 发音以元音音素开头的名词a house; a university; a book; an hour; an umbrella; an apple1. 第一次提到某人, 某物There is a ball under the chair.Mrs. Li is a math teacher.2. 代表某类人/物A horse is a useful animal.Even a child can answer this question.3. 表示每一的Take this medicine three times a day.4. 固定词组(平时积累)have a rest; a long time; a few; a lot of; a bit; go out for a walk定冠词the 这个;那个;这些;那些1.特指某个人/某物; 谈话双方都知道的事物; 重复提到过的人/事物They are playing basketball. The ball is hers.Would you please take the book to Mr. Liu?There is a table by the window. On the table there are some books.2.用在世界上独一无二的事物前; 方位名词前Liu Beibei wants to visit the Summer Palace.The sun sets in the west.3.用在单数可数名词前,表示某类人或事物The computer is a very useful machine.The elephant is bigger than the horse.4.用在序数词,形容词或副词最高级或only修饰的名词前This is the first time he visits Europe.He is the best teacher they have ever met.She is the only teacher who has been to both America and Britain. 5.用在乐器前My daughter likes to play the piano.(表球类,棋类名词前不用)6.the + adj 表示某类人或事物the poor; the young; the wounded7.the + 姓氏复数形式, 表示…一家人或夫妇The Greens are watching TV now.The Wangs are kind to us.8.专有名词前The Yellow River; the Red Sea; The people’s Republic of China; The Great Wall.9.习惯用语in the morning; in the afternoon; on the right(at night; at noon; at midnight)零冠词现象1.表某一类人或事物复数名词前(泛指)Girls like flowers.2.国名,人名前Mary likes to live in China.3.名词前已有this, that, these, those, my, some, any, his等代词作定语修饰时I have no classes every Sunday.I have been teaching English in this school for eighteen years.4.在抽象名词或物质名词前She and her husband both like music.(Tom likes the music of the film.)Paper is made of wood.5.星期,月份,季节,节假日前I was born in November.It is very hot in summer here.6.表头衔,职务前This is Mr. Liu, manager of this company.7.三歺,球类前Have breakfast. Play foot ball8.固定词组Go to school; work day and night; go to bed; by train＿＿＿India and China are of ＿＿＿same continentA. /; theB. The; theC. /;/D. /; aWhat ＿＿＿fine weather we have these days!A. aB. theC. /D. an＿＿＿Greens are on ＿＿＿visit to a beautiful city in China.A. /; aB. A; theC. The; aD. the; /用适当的冠词填空，不需要冠词的空白处填“X”:1. The car is running about sixty miles ＿＿＿hour.2. My friend is interested in __________ science.3. Don’t worry; we still have ＿＿＿little time left.Hurry up; we have ＿＿＿little time left.4. John is ＿＿＿cleverest boy in his class.5. March 8 is _________ Women’s Day.6. ＿＿＿Greens will come to see you tomorrow.37. Here is ＿＿＿black blouse; _____ blouse is hers.8. They always have ________ bread for __________ dinner.9. I prefer playing _______ piano to playing _________ basketball.10. ________ harder we study, _________ more we’ll learn.11. We can’t see ______ sun at ______ night.A. a; /B. a; theC. the; /D. the; the12. Students often play ___ volleyball in __ afternoon.A. /; anB. /; theC. the; anD. a; theIs Canada _______ English speaking country.A. /B. aC. anD. the4. This is _______ orange. It is _______ small orange.A. an; anB. an; aC. /; theD. the; a5. _____ UN report says that there will be standing room only on ____ earth then.A. A; theB. A; /C. An; /D. An; the7. There is _______ “x” in ______ word “six”.A. a; theB. a; anC. an; theD. a; a8. Look! _______ fine weather it is today!A. What aB. whatC. how aD. how9. _____ Yellow River is ____ second longest river in China.A. The; theB. /; aC. The; aD. The; /10. John Smith is __ of the two young men.A. strongB. a strongerC. the strongerD. the strongest1. –--What color is ______ orange? -----It’s _______ orange.A. an; anB. an; theC. an; /D. /; an2. Look! ______ good time the children are having!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a3. London is _____ capital of _____ England.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; theD. the; /4. There’re ___ few mistakes (错误) in your homework. Don’t make __ same mistakes again.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. /; the5. _____ Most of the students in our class go to _____ school by bike every day.A. /; /B. the; aC. /; aD. the; the6. Don’t give up. You can try for _______ second time.A. theB. anC. aD. /7. She took me by ___ hand and led me into ____ room.A. my; aB. the; theC. a; theD. my; the8. What ____ interesting game it is! It must be ____ great fun.A. an; aB. a; theC. the; /D. an; /9. The house in ______ front of the river is on ______ fire.A. /; /B. the; theC. the; /D. /; a10. He often says ______ rich should help _______ poor.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD. /; /11. －What can you see by the lake?－I can see ____ old man sitting on the chair. (2000杭州)A. aB. anC. theD. /12. －Have you had ______ lunch yet? ---No, not yet. (2000广州)A. /B. aC. theD. an13. One morning he found a bag. There was _ “s” on the corner of _ bag. (2000甘肃)A. a; aB. a; theC. an; aD. an; the14. There’s ______ egg on the plate. _____ egg is for you. (2000内蒙古)A. a; AB. an; AnC. an; TheD. the; An15. Did you enter for (报名/进入，参加)_____ high jump or _____ 400-metre race? (2000上海)A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the16. ____ old man in black has waited for you for half ______ hour. (2001汕头)A. The; anB. The; aC. An; aD. An; 不填17. ＿＿＿elephant is ___ useful animal. (2002汕头)A. An; anB. An; aC. The; anD. A; an18. －I saw ___ story-book on the teacher’s desk?－___ book is Li Ming’s. (2003汕头)A. a; AB. the; TheC. the; AD. a; The19. There is ______man over there, _____man is from Renhua, and he is studying in_______Beijing University.A. the, the ,theB. a, a, aC. a , the, theD. a, the, /( ) 1. Sunday is _____ day of the week.A. oneB. the firstC. firstD. the one( ) 2. Which is _____ , the sun, the earth or the moon?A. biggerB. biggestC. the biggestD. big( ) 3. There is a desk in his bedroom. On _____ desk there is _____ pencil-box.A. a, theB. the, theC. the, aD. a, a( ) 4. What _____ good idea it is!A. aB. anC. theD. /( ) 5. Yesterday I went to _____ school on _____ foot.A. the, theB. /, /C. a, /D. the, /( ) 7. Though he is rich, he has _____ friends.A. a littleB. a fewC. a lot ofD. few( ) 8. There is a tall tree _____ our classroom.A. in the front ofB. in frontC. in front ofD. at front the( ) 9. September 10th is _____ in China.A. Teachers’ DayB. Teacher’s DayC. Teacher’s DayD. the Teachers’ Day( ) 10. People often go skating in _____ winter.A. /B. aC. anD. the4代词人称／物主／指示／反身／疑问／相互／不定人称代词：数／格／人称主格／宾格／单数／复数／人称I teach them English.Do you want to go there with us?Who is that? It is me.Who are you? I am your new neighbour.I choose you four. The rest stay here.She is from China.Where is Liu Jing? He has gone to France.She bought a new watch last week, but she lost it yesterday.It is going to snow. (时间／天气／自然／距离)It is sunny today. It is half past four. It is not far from my home to the school.Who is it? It is me. (指代不太清楚的人)Is it your new teacher?物主代词表达所有关系形容词性my your his her its our their 相当于形容词，作定语，后接名词名词性mine yours his hers its ours theirs 相当于形容词性物主代词＋名词My students, his familyTheir classroom is big. Ours is bigger. (our classroom)These books are not his. They are mine.There is something wrong with my car. Can I use yours?指示代词This that (时间／空间距我们较近的人或事物)these those(时间／空间距我们较远的人或事物)This/that is a horse.I like these but he likes those.What I need is this.Have you read those books?That/those 可代替前面提到过的名词以避免重复The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Wuhan.The cars made in Japan are as good as those made in Germany.This/that 可用来表示程度Is she that tall?The book is about this thick.That可用来代替句子或句子中的一部分He caught a cold. That’s why he could not come.不定代词不具体指明代替任何特定的名词或形容词的代词some/any/no/nonesome/anysome用于肯定句中He has some English books, but he has not any French books. Any 用于否定句或疑问句中Do you have any paper and pens?Would you like some coffee?Some +单数可数名词表示某个Some lady asked to see you yesterday.There must be some reason for this.No/noneNo = not any 可数／不可数名词None 主语／宾语There is no money in the box.No car is 100% safe.None of them is/are good at English.She needs some money, but there is none at hand.All my friends like music. All my friends do not like music. Not all my …. None of my friends like music.Many/muchMany +可数名词复数Much +不可数名词She has many friends.There is not much water in the bottle.Few/a few 修饰或代替可数名词Little/a little修饰或代替不可数名词主宾定数量相对而言He has a few friends, but he has few good friends.There is a little water here, you may drink it.There is little time left, please be quick.We have quiet a few books to read.（许多）We have only a few minutes left.Very few people know about it.There is only a little (very little) water in the bottle.Both/either/neither两者都／两者中的一个／两者都不These tow books are very interesting. I like both.Both of them are right.5Neither of them is good at English.Here are two tickets. You may take either of them.Both her brothers are teachers.Neither of her brothers is a teacher.Both her brothers are not teachers.Any/none/all用于三者或三者以上They are all tired, but none of them will stop to have a rest.I am free for the whole week. You can come on any day.All/both三者／两者或以上All the teachersAll of the teachersBoth the teachersBoth of the teachersBe动词后，实义动词前They all went there by plane.They are both teachers.The friends have both been invited.Each/every强调个别／强调全体There are many flowers on each side of the streets.Every student has to take the exam.Each of children was given a cake.The boys have five books each.They each have five books.Each of them (the boys) has five books.One代替可数名词，避免重复Ones/one’s/oneselfI don’t have a pen. Can you lend me one?There are two old books and a new one on the desk.On e must do one’s duty.One should not praise oneself.Another/the other/the others另一个，又一个（众多中）／两者中一个／其余所有的几个This sweater is too small. Could you show me another one?The boy has three toy guns. One is green. Another is yellow. The third is black.There are 2 foreign students in the class. One is from France. The other is from Britain. There are many people in the park. Some are singing. Others are dancing.There are 20 students in our class. Ten are boys. The others are girls. 合成代词Somebody someone anybody看作单数，做主宾定There is nothing in the box.Nobody wants to read it.疑问代词who whom whose what whichWho 主who will come here?Whom宾who/whom did you see yesterday?Whose定whose book is it?What什么what are you looking at?Which哪一个which teacher is your favorite teacher?反身代词谁自己～selfMyself himself yourself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselvesThe children enjoyed themselves at the party.The cake was made by the mother herself.相互代词：表互相Each otherOne anotherYou should help each other in your lessons.They are interested in one another’s work.The students’ barbers cut each other’s hair.代词练习题例题It used to be apartment, but now it’s .A. hers; mineB. her; mineC. her; myD. hers; my The population of China is much larger than of Russia.A. thisB. thoseC. itD. that ——Is here?——No, Tom and Jack have asked for leave.A. anybodyB. everybodyC. somebodyD. nobody ——Which do you prefer, coffee or cola?——, thanks. I’d like a cup of tea.A. EitherB. bothC. NeitherD. None1. bedroom is larger than .A. Our; yourB. Yours; theirsC. Theirs; oursD. Their; ours2. ——Li Gang and Wang Lin have been away. They can’t help us with the work.——Let’s do it .A. ourselvesB. themselvesC. yourselvesD. myself3. Look at the cat. Washing paws.A. Its; itsB. It; itsC. It’s; itsD. It’s; it’s64. All the students have gone to the Science Museum except .A. her and hisB. him and meC. she and himD. he and I5. will be sent to Germany for the training.A. I, you and heB. He, I and youC. You, she and ID. I, you and they6. The population of China is larger than of India.A. oneB. thoseC. theseD. that7. The players from Europe are taller than from Asia.A. thoseB. theseC. thatD. they8. He found impossible to work out the problem by .A. that; ourselvesB. it; myselfC. it; himselfD. that; himself9. took us two hours to repair the refrigerator.A. ThisB. It’sC. ThatD. It10. ——Who is singing in the next room?——must be Mary.A. SheB. ThisC. ItD. He11. ——Hello, may I speak to Peter?——Hello, Peter speaking.A. I’mB. this isC. that’sD. its12. ——When shall we go fishing next week, Saturday or Sunday?——day is OK. You decide.A. NeitherB. either.C. bothD. all13. There are forty pupils in Class 3. of them are Young Pioneers.A. AllB. EitherC. BothD. Each14. You can take of the two bags, but leave one to your sister.A. eachB. bothC. neitherD. either15. ——Which do you prefer, coffee or milk?——, thanks. I’d like some cool water.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None16. ——Is he interested in all the games?——No. he likes .A. allB. anyC. noneD. neither17. of us has been told about it, so we don’t know it at all.A. bothB. nobodyC. EachD. None18. The colour of L ingling’s skirt is different from of theirs.A. thatB. thisC. theseD. those19. Granny Li keeps one white cat and three yellow .A. oneB. onceC. one’sD. ones20. ——Would you like a banana?——No, thank you. I’ve already h ad .A. oneB. itC. thatD. this21. ——Can you see students on the playground?——Yes, I can see .A. any; a fewB. any; fewC. some; littleD. any; any22. If Lintao can’t win the race, does want a go?A. else everybodyB. somebody elseC. else anybodyD. anybody else23. Here are two letters, Bob, is for you and is for your father.A. one; anotherB. one; the secondC. one; the otherD. one; others24. After supper some people like to stay at home watching TV. like to go out for awalk.A. anotherB. otherC. othersD. the others25. “He’s the tallest in the class” means “He’s taller than in the calss”.A. every boyB. any studentsC. each boyD. any other student26. Let’s ask Jim about the Internet. He knows about it.A. a fewB. fewC. a littleD. little27. I can’t give you any ink because I have left.A. littleB. fewC. a littleD. a few28. A lot of climbers have tried to climb the Qomolangma, but only havesucceeded.A. manyB. fewC. a fewD. much29. ——May I use your pencil sharpener?——Yes. I have two, and you can use of them.A. everyB. allC. anyD. either30. of the five girls knows how to get there.A. allB. neitherC. bothD. none31. I have four cousins. One is a lawyer, is an artist, are workers.A. the other; the othersB. another; othersC. another; the othersD. the other; others32. This pair of glasses is too dark. Could you show me /A. the othersB. another oneC. the otherD. another pair33. Miss Gao gave the exam papers to all the pupils except who had not passedthe exam.A. the onesB. onesC. themD. the other34. ——I’m very thirsty. Could I have to drink?——What would you like?——will do.A. anything; somethingB. something; anythingC. something; somethingD. anything; anything35. ——What are you doing here, Mary and Kate?——We are looking at pictures.A. each’s otherB. each other’sC. each otherD. each’s other’s7数词数词表示数目的多少和顺序的词分为基数词和序数词基数词：表示数目或数量的词从十三至十九：以teen结尾逢十都以ty结尾二十一至九十九：十位与个位之间加连字符hundred thousand million billion读法：每三位隔开十位与百位之间加and26,256,352序数词：表示顺序或第几用法第一，第二，第三，其他加基数词后加th注意第五，第八，第九，第十二fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth二十，三十等：y变i +eth多位数时只变个位缩略形式：阿拉伯数字加最后两位字母读法：Lesson 2, the second lesson Page 53, the fifty-third page Room 605 Bus 5 Telephone number: 2225553分数读法：分子用基数分母用序数1/2 a half 1/3 one third 2./4 two quarters( )/5 two fifths 五又四分之五five and four fifths小数：0.12 0.32百分比：percent sixty percent加减乘除：Five and ten is fifteen. Five plus ten equals fifteen. Five and ten make fifteen.Seven minus one equals six. Seven minus one is six.Five times six equals thirty.Ten divided by five equals two.日期表示法：1990年3月14日March 14 1990( )9世纪the nineteenth centuryIn the 1990s时刻表达法：练习：This table is about (四英尺长，三英尺高，五英尺宽)No body believes that _______________ (一个八岁的小男孩) can do so well.We can see (数以千记的) stars at night.Our office is (和平路３３号)(第八课)＿＿＿＿is the simplest lesson of the book.My daughter was born ____________(1995年4月5日)He gets up ___________ (6:25) and goes to school _____________ (7:00)You can take ________ (685公共汽车)to go to the department store. This story happened in Guangzhou _________ (1996 年9月)How much is ________ (30-5)例题There are about two ____ students in the newly built school.A. thousandB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands of In our class ____ of the students are girls.A. three fifthsB. three fifthC. third fiveD. third fifths Both of the two rules are broken. I want to buy a ____ one.A. threeB. thirdC. forthD. 不填数词练习1 There are ___ days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-fivB. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-fiveD. three hundred and sixty five2 There are____ students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-sixB. eight hundred and forty sixC. eight hundred and forty-sixD. eight hundred forty-six3 ______people visit this museum every day.A. HundredB. HundredsC. Hundred ofD. Hundreds of4 There are two___ people in the meeting room.A. hundredB. hundredsC. hundreds ofD. hundred of5 Every year ___ watch NBA on TV.A. million peopleB. millions of peopleC. millions peopleD. million of people6 ____ trees have been planted in our school in the past 10 years.A. Thousands ofB. Two thousandsC. Thousand ofD. Two thousand of7 Look! There are ___ in the sky.A. thousand starsB. thousand of starsC. thousands of starsD. thousands of star8 My brother is in____.A. Three Class, One GradeB. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class ThreeD. class three, grade one9 We are going to learn___ this term.A. book sixB. six bookC. the book sixD. Book Six10 Please turn to___. Let's read the text aloud.A. Page TwoB. the page twoC. second pageD. page second11 We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this____.A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-fiveB. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty fiveC. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-fiveD. seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-five12 "The year 1999" should be read "The year____".A. nineteen and ninety-nineB. nineteen ninety-nineC. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nineD. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine813 He will come here ____ tomorrow morning.A. at fifthB. at tenC. on twoD. till tenth14 Every day he begins to do his homework ___.A. at ten past sevenB. at seven pass tenC. on ten past seventhD. until ten15 He was doing some washing ____.A. at eight yesterday morningB. yesterday morning eightC. yesterday morning at eightD. by eight yesterday morning16 He began to work there____.A. on his fiftyB. at age of fiftyC. when he fiftyD. in his fifties17 They moved to Beij ing _A. in 1980sB. in the 1980 'C. in the 1980sD. on the 1980's18 We all like the boy.A. of ten years oldB. ten-year-oldC. at ten oldD. of age of ten4 She was ___ her early twenties when she went abroad.A. atB. onC. of D: in19 There are____ months in a year. December is the____month of the year.A. twelve; twelveB. twelve; twelfthC. twelfth; twelveD. twelve; twelveth20 During____ century, the world population has already reached 6 billion.A. twentyB. the twentiethC. twentiethD. the twenty21 Sunday is the____ day of the week.A. seventhB. firstC. secondD. third22 Autumn is season in a year.A. the fourthB. the thirdC. a thirdD. the threeth23 Tom was to get to school and I was ______.A. first; ninthB. a first; a ninthC. the first; the ninthD. the second; the nineth24 -What's the date today?-Its___.A. FridayB. time to goC. cloudyD. June 4th25 Jenny was bornA. on July 10, 1987B. in July 10, 1987C. in 1987, July 10D. on 1987, July 1026 Monday is the second day, and_______.A. Tuesday is the fourthB. Thursday is the fifthC. the second is TuesdayD. the second is Thursday27 About____ of the books in our school library are written in Chinese.A. four-fifthB. four-fifthsC. fourth-fifthsD. fourths-fifth28 ___ of the students are girls in our class.A. Two threeB. Two threesC. Two thirdsD. Second three29 ___ of the world's books and newspapers are written in English.A. Three quartersB. Three quarterC. Thirds fourD. Threes fourth30 Tom is____ in the row.A. a secondB. the secondC. twoD. second 31 The girl wanted to sing____ song in English.A. the othersB. a secondC. otherD. the second32 Now let me have____.A. the third tryB. a third tryC. third tryD. this third try参考答案：C CD A B A C B D A C B B A A D C A D B B B B C D A B B C A B B B9。
初中英语语法讲解和综合练习
英语语法名词1.名词是生物,事物，地方以及抽象概念的名称,如：Ben（班)，cat（猫)，pen（钢笔)，London(伦敦）,time（时间）等。
2.名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词1.可数名词有单复数之分,前面可加数词或冠词，如：boy(男孩），book（书)，class（班级)，family（家庭）。
2。
可数名词包括普通名词，集合名词和少数专有名词.【参见不可数名词】普通名词1。
普通名词包括生物，事物,地方等的名称，单位名称和有限定并可算其次数的名词，即可和take或have连用表示动作的与动词同形的名词，如：boy(男孩)，office（办公室)，idea （主意），book（书)，mile(英里)，(have) a look（看一看)，(take) a walk(散步)等。
2。
普通名词受代名形容词或所有格修饰时，不再加冠词，如：this（my,our，every，each，John's)book.3.复数普通名词可用many，few，a few，a lot of等修饰；不用much,little等修饰.【参见集合名词】集合名词1.集合名词是表示由若干个体组成的集合体的名称，如:family(家庭）,class(班级），police （警察），cattle(牛），clothing（衣服），jewelry（珠宝)等。
2.集合名词指整体时被看作单数名词；集合名词指整体的构成分子时被看作复数名词。
Her family was very poor.她家很穷。
My family are all here。
我的家人都在这里。
3.集合名词用many,few，a few，a lot of等修饰，不用much,little修饰。
【参见普通名词，名词的数，主谓一致】不可数名词1。
不可数名词是因不能数而无单复数之分的名词,一般用no，any，some，little，much等修饰,如：food（食物),truth（真相）等。
初中英语语法详解及练习题
2017年初中英语语法梳理和提高名 词表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等的名称的词。
知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！一、名词的分类注：1.专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。
第一个字母必须大写。
专有名词前一般不加冠词。
2、有普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词“the”，但它不大写。
3、有些不可数名词有时表示为具体的东西时，则变为可数名词，而且以四上也有了变化。
eg. beer ----a beer 一杯啤酒， work--- a work 工厂，著作 ，glass---a glass一个玻璃杯， room 空间---a room 一个房间 二、名词的数：表示可以计算数目的人或物称为可数名词。
1、可数名词有单、复数两种形式：可数名词的单数形式要在名词前加 “a 或an”；复数形式是在名词后加 “-s 或-es”。
名词复数形式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，规则变化2. 可数名词复数的不规则变化①改变单数名词中的元音字母eg. man--men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet, goose—geese, mouse--mice②单复数同形eg. Chinese-Chinese, deer-deer, fish-fish, sheep-sheep,…③由man 和woman构成的合成词, 每个名词都要变复数eg. a man doctor— men doctors, a woman teacher--women teachers@注意: 有些名词表示一种物体具有不可分割的相同的两部分,在使用时只有复数形式eg. trousers, clothes, glasses, shorts,scissors, etc;有些名词从形式上看是复数,实际上是单数(其后的谓语动词要用单数). eg. maths, phyiscs, politics, news3. 不可数名词：表示不能计算数目的人或物，称为不可数名词。
初中英语语法详解与训练练习及答案全套(共19套)
主谓一致的三个原则1. 语法一致原则该原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，动词用复数形式：Both my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。
The living-room walls are a light yellow. 客厅的墙是淡黄色。
The two factories are in the same locality. 两家工厂都在同一个地区。
Her job is teaching French. 她的工作是教法语。
The location of the house is near the highway. 房子的地点靠近公路。
A large amount of damage was done in a short time. 短期内造成大量损害。
2. 意义一致原则有时候谓语动词的数取决于主语所表示的概念，而不是其语法形式：This news is important for us. 这条消息对我们很重要。
Paris is among the largest cities in the would. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。
The thesis was about a hundred and fifty pages long. 论文有一百五十页长。
Watch out! The police are coming. 当心，警察来了。
Less people are going to university than usual. 现在上大学的人比平时少。
3. 就近原则有时，谓语动词的数决定于主语中最靠近它的词语：Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了就是我错了。
Neither the students nor the teacher is interested in it. 老师和学生对此都不感兴趣。
初中英语语法讲解和分类练习【优质】
••考点透祝知识与能力要求 诉雄点问劇I 纳 中考热点分析预测 应试策略，知，讲解 名诃代词冠词数词形容词、副词介诃三. 典型例题四. 强化训练及答案一.考点透视【知识与能力要求】 1. 察握所学单词的形态变化，2. 掌握简单句的五种珍本句型，四宅头练习慕本正确3. 能理解不受衆的、含有状语从句或宾诰从句的复合句，4. 推握动词的五种基本时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、-般将来时、现在进行时、现在 完成时）的基本用法.5. 能理解并初步掌握过去进什时、过去完成时和过去将来时的基本用法.6. 掌握-般现在时（包拈含仃情态动词的■•股现在时），一股过去时的被动语态的基本用法7. 掌握动诃不定式作宾讲、宾语补足浴和状研的用法（作主昭和定供的用法只要求理解工 【稣点问題归钠】语法知识是在掌握一定哒的琳词和短语的基础上才能获得的 因此,单何的形态变化和简单 句的五种基本句型是语法学习的基础之基础.丘种基本时态和含有不红朵的状语从句及宾语 从句的红台句是初中毕业班学生学习的皿点也是语法学习的难点。
五种基本时态中的-•般过 去时和现在完成时的基本用法及咒区别是学习的难点状语从句中的时态冋题.宾诰从句中 的主语和谓语的语序问题是学生感到头捕的问鼠破动语态是中国学生引不喜欢学习网使用 的-种语态 例此，学生在学习时.时常感堂到很困难 动词不定式是初中英语语法中的一樊后面要求阳不定式作宾i 吾.有些则要求跟动词一 ing 形式作宾语 总之.语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点.、语法知识掌握得好•将大大加快英语学习的进缶【中考热点分析预测】 语法部分历年来是中考的必考内容,考试的范围广，渉及单词同形变化、基本句子结构、五 种基本时态搬动语态、不定式用法以及状语从句、宾用从句,等等 近年来,在教学改革方 而加大了对听说教学的力度.初中段以了养学生的交际能力为主,为高中段的英语学习打好 基咄，对语法知识的要求作r 调整,降低了难度，但考的的范围了没有M 小 单纯考语法知 识的題比以前明显减少 试的往往设置,个慵景.在对话中考在时态及基本句型 当然，有 些酒法项目设賞在单句中.如:不定式、被动语态以及词语法配 语3学习足•个积數的过程.不记住相当数技的词的、习惯用i 敏句型和诺法规则•是学不语法（词法I 个重点 不定式在句中作宾语、宾诰补足语和状语等用法均要求掌.特别是 些动词,有好英语的.月此,对词形变换、句型结构、状语从句中的时态以及常用的五种基本时态的考 査仍将是中考命题的热点■【应试策略】动诃及兵时态姑英论学习最垂要的部分，也匹学习的妣点 被〃J 遭态也是学习的遊点 宾宙 从句和状语从句是复合句屮最戒要、最常川的结构，足初中中业生必须掌押的从句注句现 在时、过去时和将来时及现任完成时的传本用法以及句中的副词:包括时间副可，的川法.尤其要注意过去时与现在完成时的区别C 宾语从句要注嚣从句结构的诺序，:连接诃+从句的 切语+从句的谓语+……)问题和时态伺题 < 艺句是过去时,从句必须用过去时的某种形式): 状语从句要注敢在时间状i 吾从句和条件状语从句中用-般现在时表示将来时态动词、时态 与语态与从句定要在大量课文和对话的句r 中反复操练，才能真正学会只要你在复习和 应试中注直以上几点.考试就一定能取得好成绩,二・知识讲解【名词】1. 名词的可数与不可数可数名词拆表示的人或爭物可以用数来计卄，它有单数与雙数两种形式 不可数名词指所表 示的事物不能用数来计妆 物质名词与抽象名词•般无法用数目.来统计，都成为不可数名 词,不可数名词前 前不能用冠词a 、an 来汲示数示,没有没数形式 要表示--个......”这 一概念.就须加a piece of 这•类短倍 要注意许多名河在汉语里.看来是可数名词，在英语 里却不可数 如：chalk, paper, bread• rice, grass, news 等2. 名词的复数(D 规则变化一般情况下加以s.、・ch. sh.站尾的加<s.bus ••- uses* box —boxes, u Meh ・•■watches, bmsh•"bnishes以辅咅字母加y 站兄的改y 为i 再加3,cilv —cities, coimtn —couniricsw ♦以f ・I C ^JC 的.去掉f 或fc.变成V 再加YS 。
初中英语语法规则和语法题专项练习汇总
初中英语语法规则和语法题专项练习汇总一、名词名词是表示人、事物、地方和抽象概念的名称。
1. 名词的分类- 专有名词：表示特定的人、地点或事物，如人名、地名等。
- 普通名词：表示一类人、事物或抽象概念，如"apple"、"book"等。
2. 单数名词和复数名词- 单数名词：表示一个人、事物或抽象概念的名称，如"cat"。
- 复数名词：表示多个人、事物或抽象概念的名称，一般在单数名词后面加"s"，如"cats"。
二、动词动词表示行为、状态或存在。
1. 动词的分类- 及物动词：需要接受动作的对象，如"eat"。
- 不及物动词：不需要接受动作的对象，如"run"。
2. 动词的时态- 一般现在时：表示经常发生的动作或状态，如"I eat an apple."- 过去时：表示过去发生的动作或状态，一般在动词后面加"ed"，如"I ate an apple."- 将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或状态，一般在动词前面加"will"，如"I will eat an apple."三、形容词形容词用来描述名词的特征或性质。
1. 形容词的用法- 修饰名词：形容词可以放在名词前面，如"a beautiful flower."- 修饰动词：形容词可以放在系动词后面，如"The flower is beautiful."2. 表示程度的形容词- 原级：形容词的原始形式，如"fast".- 比较级：表示比原级更高的程度，一般在形容词后面加"er"，如"faster".- 最高级：表示最高程度，一般在形容词前面加"the"，如"the fastest".四、专项练题请根据所学的语法规则，完成以下练题。
初中英语语法大全全套讲解及练习
初中英语语法大全一、词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.)：表人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。
如：who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。
如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。
如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。
如：now, very, here, often,quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面名词或代词与其他句子成分关系。
如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。
如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
如：oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主、谓、宾、定、状、表、宾补。
1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如：I’m MissGreen.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。
主要由动词担任。
如：Jack cleans the room everyday. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
初中英语语法讲解-15个专题汇总(习题和答案)
初中英语语法讲解-15个专题汇总（习题和答案）专题一名词1 专题二数词、冠词7 专题三介词、连词14 专题四代词21 专题五形容词、副词30 专题六动词的分类39 专题七情态动词、系动词46 专题八动词时态53 专题九被动语态59 专题十非谓语动词66 专题十一简单句、并列句76 专题十二祈使句、感叹句84 专题一三宾语从句90 专题一四定语从句98 专题一五状语从句105 专题一名词 1. 名词的数 1. 概述: 名词按其表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
2. 可数名词及其单复数：可数名词有单复数变化，其前通常用不定冠词和数词来修饰，还可用many, few, a few, some, any, plenty of, lots of, a number of 等修饰。
构成名词复数形式的方法分为规则法和不规则法两种。
1）复数的规则构成法：绝大多数英语中的名词复数都是在单数名词后加上词尾-s或-es构成的。
具体规则如下图：规则例词一般情况下加-s apple-apples, ruler-rulers 以s, x, ch，sh,结尾的加-es bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches,1/ 136brush-brushes 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变成i再加-es city-cities, county-countries 以f或fe结尾的，把f或fe变成v,再加-es knife-knives, leaf-leaves 以o结尾的，有的词尾加-es，有的加-s 在初中英语范围内加-es的主要有以下4个：tomato-tomatoes，potato-potatoes Hero-heroes，Negro-Negroes 2) 复数的不规则构成法：a．单复同形的：Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, fish-fish(表示鱼的数量) b. 熟记下列词的复数变化：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, child-children c. 以man, woman 做定语构成的复合名词，变复数时要全变：a man teacher-two men teachers; 其他情况一般只变主体名词而作定语的名词不变：a girl student-two girl students 3. 不可数名词：不可数名词没有单复数。
初中英语语法详解与训练练习及答案全套(共19套)
主谓一致的三个原则1. 语法一致原则该原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，动词用复数形式：Both my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。
The living-room walls are a light yellow. 客厅的墙是淡黄色。
The two factories are in the same locality. 两家工厂都在同一个地区。
Her job is teaching French. 她的工作是教法语。
The location of the house is near the highway. 房子的地点靠近公路。
A large amount of damage was done in a short time. 短期内造成大量损害。
2. 意义一致原则有时候谓语动词的数取决于主语所表示的概念，而不是其语法形式：This news is important for us. 这条消息对我们很重要。
Paris is among the largest cities in the would. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。
The thesis was about a hundred and fifty pages long. 论文有一百五十页长。
Watch out! The police are coming. 当心，警察来了。
Less people are going to university than usual. 现在上大学的人比平时少。
3. 就近原则有时，谓语动词的数决定于主语中最靠近它的词语：Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了就是我错了。
Neither the students nor the teacher is interested in it. 老师和学生对此都不感兴趣。
初中英语语法讲解和分类练习
初中英语语法讲解和分类练习知识讲解【名词】1．名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。
不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。
不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。
要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。
要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。
如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news等。
2．名词的复数（1）规则变化A．一般情况下加-s。
B．以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-es。
如：bus---buses，box---boxes，watch---watches，brush---brushesC．以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-es。
如：city---cities，country---countriesD．以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es。
（2）不规则变化A．元音发生变化。
如：man---men，woman---women，foot---feet，tooth---teeth，mouse---miceB．词尾发生变化。
如：child---childrenC．单、复数同形。
如：fish---fish，Japanese---Japanese，Chinese---Chinese，sheep---sheep3．物质名词（不可数名词）量的表示方法（1）用much，a little，a lot of等表示（2）用容器表示a bowl of rice，a glass of water，a cup of tea，a piece of，orange，two glasses of milk，two pie ces of paper4．名词的所有格(1) 名词所有格的构成法A．单数名词词尾加’ s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’ s。
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初中英语语法讲解和分类练习一．考点透视知识与能力要求重难点问题归纳中考热点分析预测应试策略二．知识讲解名词代词冠词数词形容词、副词介词三．典型例题四．强化训练及答案一．考点透视【知识与能力要求】1．掌握所学单词的形态变化。
2．掌握简单句的五种基本句型，四笔头练习基本正确。
3．能理解不复杂的、含有状语从句或宾语从句的复合句。
4．掌握动词的五种基本时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时）的基本用法。
5．能理解并初步掌握过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时的基本用法。
6．掌握一般现在时（包括含有情态动词的一般现在时）、一般过去时的被动语态的基本用法。
7．掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和状语的用法（作主语和定语的用法只要求理解）。
【重难点问题归纳】语法知识是在掌握一定量的单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。
因此，单词的形态变化和简单句的五种基本句型是语法学习的基础之基础。
五种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句及宾语从句的复合句是初中毕业班学生学习的重点也是语法学习的难点。
五种基本时态中的一般过去时和现在完成时的基本用法及其区别是学习的难点。
状语从句中的时态问题，宾语从句中的主语和谓语的语序问题是学生感到头痛的问题。
被动语态是中国学生最不喜欢学习和使用的一种语态。
因此，学生在学习时，时常感觉到很困难。
动词不定式是初中英语语法中的一个重点。
不定式在句中作宾语、宾语补足语和状语等用法均要求掌握，特别是一些动词，有些后面要求跟不定式作宾语，有些则要求跟动词一ing形式作宾语。
总之，语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。
语法知识掌握得好，将大大加快英语学习的进程。
【中考热点分析预测】语法部分历年来是中考的必考内容。
考试的范围广，涉及单词词形变化、基本句子结构、五种基本时态搬动语态、不定式用法以及状语从句、宾语从句，等等。
近年来，在教学改革方面加大了对听说教学的力度，初中段以培养学生的交际能力为主，为高中段的英语学习打好基础，对语法知识的要求作了调整，降低了难度，但考查的范围并没有减小。
单纯考语法知识的题比以前明显减少。
试题往往设置一个情景，在对话中考查时态及基本句型。
当然，有些语法项目设置在单句中，如：不定式、被动语态以及词语搭配。
语言学习是一个积累的过程，不记住相当数量的词语、习惯用语。
句型和语法规则，是学不好英语的。
因此，对词形变换、句型结构、状语从句中的时态以及常用的五种基本时态的考查仍将是中考命题的热点。
【应试策略】动词及其时态是英语学习最重要的部分，也是学习的难点。
被动语态也是学习的难点。
宾语从句和状语从句是复合句中最重要、最常用的结构，是初中毕业生必须掌握的从句。
注意现在时、过去时和将来时及现在完成时的基本用法以及句中的副词（包括时间副词）的用法，尤其要注意过去时与现在完成时的区别。
宾语从句要注意从句结构的语序（连接词+从句的主语+从句的谓语+……）问题和时态问题（主句是过去时，从句必须用过去时的某种形式）；状语从句要注意在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来时态。
动词、时态与语态与从句一定要在大量课文和对话的句子中反复操练，才能真正学会。
只要你在复习和应试中注意以上几点，考试就一定能取得好成绩。
二．知识讲解【名词】1．名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。
不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。
不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。
要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。
要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。
如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news 等。
2．名词的复数（1）规则变化A．一般情况下加-s。
B．以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-es。
如：bus---buses，box---boxes，watch---watches，brush---brushesC．以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-es。
如：city---cities，country---countriesD．以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es。
（2）不规则变化A．元音发生变化。
如：man---men，woman---women，foot---feet，tooth---teeth，mouse---miceB．词尾发生变化。
如：child---childrenC．单、复数同形。
如：fish---fish，Japanese---Japanese，Chinese---Chinese，sheep---sheep3．物质名词（不可数名词）量的表示方法（1）用much，a little，a lot of等表示（2）用容器表示a bowl of rice，a glass of water，a cup of tea，a piece of，orange，two glasses of milk，two pieces of paper4．名词的所有格(1) 名词所有格的构成法A．单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。
the worker's bike，the Children’s ballB．表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’s。
如：This is Lucy and Licy’s room．These are Kate's and jack’s rooms．C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。
如:the students’books，the girls’blouses(2)名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。
如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系.如:the legs of the desk，the door of the room但在表示名词所有格时，’s结构也常可转换成of结构。
有些表示时间,距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词，也可以加’s来构成所有格.如:ten minutes' walk，today's newspaper【代词】人称代词，物主代词，反身代词类别主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数you you your yours yourself复数you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数he him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its its itself复数they them their theirs themselves1．人称代词人称代词it的特殊用法：一般it指“它”，但在表示天气、时间、距离等时，用it来代替，此时的it并不译为“它”。
当三个人称代词(单数)同时出现时，其先后顺序为you，he，I。
而复数一般采用we，you，they顺序。
2．物主代词物主代词的用法：形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词。
名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。
3．反身代词1)反身代词的构成分两种：第一、二人称反身代词在形容词：性物主代词后加上self 或selves，第三人称的反身代词在宾格代词后加上self或selves．2)反身代词的用法：一种是作宾语，由主语发出的动作又回到动作者本身。
如：I enjoyed myself at the party．另一种是作名词或代词的同位语；用来加强语气。
如：I can do it myself．3)初中阶段由反身代词构成的常用词组有：enjoy oneself，help oneself to，learn by oneself，teach oneself，(all)by oneself，leave...by oneself，lose oneself in等，在运用反身代词时，应注意它在数、性别上与哪一个保持一致。
试比较：“Help yourselves to some fish，Tom and Mike．”与I can’t leave the girl by herself．指示代词指示代词的特殊用法：(1)为了避免重复，可用that，those代替前面提到过的名词，但是this，these不可以。
(2)this，that有时可代替句子或句子中的一部分。
不定代词主要不定代词的用法：(1)one的用法A. one作为代词可以指人，也可以指物。
B. one，ones (one的复数形式) 可用来代替前面出现过的少数名词，以避免重复。
C. one的前面可用this，that，the，which等词来修饰。
D. 常有a+形容词+one这一形式。
it和one的用法区别：it用来指特定的东西，而one则用于替代不特定的东西。
(2)some和any的用法区别A. some，any可与单、复数可数名词和不可数名词连用。
some一般用于肯定句，any 一般用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。
B. some，any与—thing，—body，—one构成的合成词的用法与some，any一样。
C.在疑问句中，一般不用some，只有当问句表示一种邀请或者请求，或期待一个肯定的回答时才能用some。
D. some在否定句中表示半否定，any表示全否定。
E．some用于单数可数名词前，表示“某个”而不是“一些”。
(3)other，another的用法数种类单数复数泛指another=an otherother (boys)others特指the otherthe other (boys) the others功能作主语、宾语、定语作定语作主语、宾语A. another＝another"另一个”，泛指众多者中的另一个，在原有基础上自然增加的另一个。
一般后面接单数名词，前面不能加定冠词。
有时another可以用在复数名词前表示“又”“再”，如：I want to have another two cakes．我想再吃两个蛋糕。
B．the other表示两个中的另一个，常与one连用。
常见形式是“one．．．the other．．．”。
C. other+复数名词＝othersD. the other+复数名词＝the others(4) a11、both的用法both表示“两者都……”，而a11表示“三个或三个以上的人或物都……”。
a11、both在句中放在be动词，情态动词及助动词之后，放在实义动词之前。