政治方面,四字格成语 英语翻译
政治文本中四字格的英译技巧探究
政治文本中四字格的英译技巧探究1. 引言1.1 什么是四字格"四字格"是指一种短小精悍的政治文本表达方式，通常由四个字组成，简明扼要地表达政治观点、主张或口号。
这种形式的文本在政治宣传、社会活动和舆论引导中被广泛应用，具有直接、易记、强调和鼓舞的特点。
四字格常常用于宣传口号、政治标语、横幅标语等形式中，能够快速传达主题，引起人们共鸣，激发情感，影响行为。
在政治文化中，四字格常常被用来表达政府政策、文化理念、社会价值等内容，具有广泛的影响力和传播力。
四字格在政治文本中扮演着重要的角色，是政治宣传和舆论引导的重要工具之一。
通过四字格的简练表达和直观传达，政治文本能够更加生动、有力地传达信息，引起社会的关注和讨论。
1.2 四字格的重要性The importance of four-character text lies in its ability to condense complex political ideas into a succinct and impactful format. Four-character phrases are often used in political speeches, documents, and slogans to embody key principles, values, and goals. This concise form of expression not only facilitates memorization and dissemination but also carries cultural and historical significance. In the realm of politicaldiscourse, four-character text serves as a powerful tool for rallying public support, shaping public opinion, and conveying political messages effectively. Additionally, the use offour-character text can enhance the persuasive power of political rhetoric, evoking emotional resonance and collective identity among the audience. As such, mastering the translation offour-character text is essential for accurately conveying the intended meaning and impact of political messages across different cultures and languages. The ability to translatefour-character text effectively enables better cross-cultural communication, fosters mutual understanding, and promotes dialogue between different political systems and societies. In conclusion, the importance of four-character text in political discourse cannot be overstated, as it plays a crucial role in shaping public discourse, influencing political decisions, and advancing political agendas.2. 正文2.1 四字格的翻译原则Additionally, the literal translation of four-character idioms may not always capture their full meaning. Therefore, it is crucial to consider the context and underlying message of the idioms when translating them. Translators should strive to convey theintended emotions, cultural nuances, and rhetorical devices used in the original text.2.2 四字格的翻译技巧Four-character idioms are an important part of Chinese political texts, and translating them accurately is crucial in conveying the original meaning and tone. Here are some key translation techniques for handling four-character idioms in political texts:2.3 四字格翻译中的常见问题Four-character phrases are commonly used in political texts to convey concise and impactful messages. However, when it comes to translating these phrases into English, there are several common issues that translators may face.2.4 四字格翻译的实例分析在政治文本中，四字格常常被运用来简洁表达复杂的政策或理念。
英语翻译四字成语大全
“四字格”翻译（一）并列关系名山大川famous mountains and great rivers名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills青山绿水green hills and clear waters奇松怪石strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations平等互利equality and mutual benefit扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government简政放权streamline administration and institute decentralization 集思广益draw on collective wisdon and absorb all useful ideas国泰民安the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony政通人和the government functions well and people cooperate well 国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new徇私舞弊bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud流连忘返linger on with no thought of leaving for home国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situation 开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences（二）语意重复广袤无垠的中华大地the boundless expanse of the Chinese territory高瞻远瞩的决策a visionary/far-sighted decision贯彻落实重大决策carry out/ implement a series of major policy decisions层峦叠嶂peaks rising one after another优胜劣汰survival of the fittest延年益寿prolong one’s life灵丹妙药panacea / miraculous cure长治久安a long period of stability求真务实pragmatic审时度势size up the trend of events招商引资attract investment誉满全球举世闻名world-renowned功在当代，利在千秋in the interest of the current and future generations继往开来，承前启后(continue the past and open up the future )break new ground for the future路遥知马力，日久见人心Time will tell.吃的苦中苦，方知甜中甜no sweet without sweat车到山前必有路，船到桥头自然直in the end things mend /there’s always a way out急功近利eager for instant success and quick profits大黑扫黄crack down on gangland and pornography德高望重of high ability and integrity互利互补mutually complementary and beneficial互谅互让mutual understanding and accommodation遵纪守法observe the relevant code of conduct and the law（三）目的关系减员增效downsize (and cut payroll) to improve efficiency (for efficiency)退耕还林return cultivated land to forest or pastures集资办学raise money to set up new schools结党营私form cliques for private gain扭亏为盈turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one（四）途径方式寓教于乐teach through lively activities因材施教teach students according to their aptitude按劳分配distribution according to performance以商养文support /sponsor cultural activities with the profits from doing business（五）偏正词组廉洁奉公honestly perform one’s official duties环境绿化environmental greening超前消费premature consumption; Over-consume; excessive consumption以强凌弱the strong domineering over the weak以人为本people foremost; People-oriented（六）动宾关系优势互补complement each other’s advantages自主经营，自负盈亏make one’s own management decisions, take full responsibility for one’s own profits and losses（七）条件关系不进则退no progress simply means regression（八）省略意象瞻前顾后overcautions and indecisive源远流长have a long history呕心沥血spare no efforts画龙点睛bring out the crucial point花天酒地go on the loose汗马功劳exploits闻名遐迩famous独具匠心original中流砥柱mainstay, chief cornerstone鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey世外桃源a haven of peace浩如烟海的文化典籍numerous volumes of literature。
政治文本中四字格的英译技巧探究
政治文本中四字格的英译技巧探究首先，要了解四字格是一种中文成语，这意味着它具有一定的表达方式和语境。
四字格除了发音相似外，在汉字的意思上也有一定的联系。
这些因素使得四字格在传达信息时往往比单独的汉字或短语更加具有深入的内涵。
因此，在翻译过程中，不能单纯地将四字格的每个汉字翻译成英语，而需根据具体语境来把握其中的意思。
第三，四字格中包含的名字、地点和事件也是四字格翻译时需要注意的。
在政治文本中，有时会出现与特定地点、事件或人名相关的四字格，这些词汇常被认为是无需翻译的，因为它们已经成为了国际社会的共识。
例如，“一带一路”的英文翻译就是“Belt and Road Initiative”，直接翻译为“One Belt One Road”就会丢失其涵义以及表达的具体内容。
第四，四字格中的实质词需要准确翻译。
实质词指的是四字格中具体的名词、动词、形容词等，它们是四字格中表意最重要的部分。
在翻译时应特别注意将实质词准确翻译出来，以免导致歧义或误解。
例如，“和平共处五项原则”中的“和平”和“共处”应该翻译为“peace”和“coexistence”，而不是“harmony”或“tolerance”。
第五，根据文体和语境来考虑翻译的方式。
在不同的文体和语境中，四字格的英译方式也会有所不同。
在正式的政治文本中，四字格的翻译应该更加准确，直接且简洁明了，以表达政治宣言的严谨性和权威性。
而在民间语言和文学作品中，四字格常被使用为修辞手段，需要在翻译中保留原本的意境和含义。
综上所述，准确翻译政治文本中的四字格并不是一件容易的事情。
在进行翻译时，需要注意四字格本身的成语特点、语境、实质词的确切意义、文体和语法等多方面因素。
只有当翻译人员完全掌握这些技巧，才能更好地传递中文四字格的内涵和含义。
成语与四字格的英译
成语与四字格的英译The quality is fine Great variety of goods The style is various The goods reach the fund of shouldering Transcendent Widely known Pioneer and keepforging ahead Have both ability and political integrity Honest and self-contained As long as the heaven and earth endure Long-term stability Get twice the result with half the effort Get half the result with twice the effort Punish the corruption International trade 质地优良品种齐全款式繁多货到负款出类拔萃家喻户晓开拓进取德才兼备廉洁自律天长地久长治久安事半功倍事倍功半惩治腐败国际贸易。
您好，人肉翻译如下：The stage of mental comfort to which they had arrived at his hour was one wherein their souls expanded beyond their skins and spread their personalities warmly through the room.彼时彼刻，他们已达欢畅之境，堪似神游身外，脱却形骸，满眼生花，满室生春。
Vast lawns that extended like sheets of vivid green with here and there clumps of gigantic trees, heaping up rich piles of foliage.广袤的草地伸展出片片新绿，相缀参天大树，绿叶成荫。
英语翻译—相关政治用语词组
一、政治类：1. 日益昌盛become increasingly prosperous2. 快速发展develop rapidly3. 隆重集会gather ceremoniously4. 热爱和平love peace5. 追求进步pursue progress6. 履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations7. 回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle8. 展望伟大征程look into the great journey9. 充满信心和力量be filled with confidence and strength10. 必胜be bound to win11. 主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to take action12. 和平共处coexist peacefully13. 对内开放和对外开放open up both externally and internally14. 经历两个不同时期experience two different periods15. 战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties16. 赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another17. 完全意识到be fully aware that18. 迈出重要的一步make an important step19. 采取各种措施adopt various measures20. 得出结论,告一段落draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion21. 实现民族独立realize national independence22. 追求真理seek the truth23. 建立社会主义制度establish a socialist system24. 根除(防止,消除)腐败root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption25. 响应号召respond to the call26. 进入新时期enter a new period27. 实行新政策practice new policies28. 展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality29. 增强综合国力和国际竟争力enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and international competitiveness30. 进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the world31. 解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing32. 吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations33. 与日俱增increase every day34. 实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes35. 必将实现be bound to come true36. 锻造一支人民军队forge a people’s army37. 建立巩固的国防build a strong national defense38. 进行和谈hold peace talks39. 修改法律amend the laws40. 在．．．中起（至关）重要作用play a major的(crucial, an important ) role in41. 对．．．做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )contributions to42. 遵循规则follow the principles43. 把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice …44. 把．．．作为指导take… as the guide45. 缓和紧张状况ease the tension46. 高举伟大旗帜hold high the great banner47. 解决新问题resolve new problems48. 观察当今世界observe the present-day world49. 开拓前进open up new ways forward50. 增强凝聚力enhance the rally power51. 结束暴力，开始和平谈判end the violence and resume peace talks52. 进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment53. 开始生效go into effect / enter into force54. 就．．．接受妥协accept a compromise on55. 接受．．．的采访be interviewed by56. 把……看成社会公敌look upon … as a threat to society57. 把……捐给慈善机构donate …to charities58. 维护世界和平maintain world peace59. 摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness60. 实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity61. 反对各种形式的恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrorism62. 宣布。
政治文本中四字格的英译技巧探究
政治文本中四字格的英译技巧探究政治文本中的四字格是指政治领域中常见的四个字组成的短语或格言，通常具有鲜明的政治倾向和理念。
在英语翻译中，如何准确地表达四字格的含义，保持其政治意味并确保文本通顺、流畅是一个重要的技巧探究。
本文将对政治文本中四字格的英译技巧进行探究，旨在为翻译工作者提供一些有益的指导和启发。
政治文本中的四字格通常具有紧凑、简洁而富有力量感的特点。
在翻译时，要尽量保持这种紧凑性和力量感，避免过多的增减词语或修饰，以确保翻译后的文本仍能传达原文所要表达的政治情感和理念。
“一国两制”（One country, two systems）这个四字格在翻译时，不仅要准确表达其意思，还要保持其简洁性和力量感，以体现出原文中所蕴含的政治意味。
政治文本中的四字格通常具有一定程度的抽象性，需要根据具体语境和背景进行合理翻译。
在英译时，翻译者需根据所处的语境和文化背景，选择合适的语言和表达方式，以确保翻译后的文本能够被目标读者准确理解并产生相应的政治联想和认知。
“和平共处五项原则”（Five principles of peaceful coexistence）这个四字格需要在英文翻译中加入一些解释性的词语，以帮助读者更好地理解其含义和背景。
政治文本中的四字格常常具有特定的文化内涵和历史背景，需要在翻译过程中充分考虑并进行合理传达。
翻译者需了解原文中四字格所反映的政治文化和历史事件，以便准确传达其政治意味和内涵。
“大公无私”（selfless devotion to public duty）这个四字格在翻译时，需要考虑到中国政治文化中所蕴含的儒家思想和传统道德观念，以确保翻译后的文本能够充分表达其文化内涵和历史背景。
政治文本中的四字格通常具有一定的正式性和权威性，需要在翻译时保持其严肃性和权威感。
在英译时，翻译者需选择合适的语言风格和表达方式，以确保翻译后的文本能够保持其政治语境和权威性。
“以人为本”（people-oriented）这个四字格在翻译时，需要选用正式的语言风格和措辞，以确保翻译后的文本能够保持其政治正式性和权威感。
英语翻译四字成语大全教学提纲
英语翻译四字成语大全“四字格”翻译（一）并列关系名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers名胜古迹 scenic spots and historical sites湖光山色 landscape of lakes and hills青山绿水 green hills and clear waters奇松怪石 strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations平等互利 equality and mutual benefit扬长避短 play up strengths and avoid weaknesses反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government简政放权 streamline administration and institute decentralization 集思广益 draw on collective wisdon and absorb all useful ideas国泰民安 the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony政通人和 the government functions well and people cooperate well 国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new徇私舞弊 bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud流连忘返 linger on with no thought of leaving for home国际局势复杂多变 the complex and volatile international situation 开拓进取 blaze new trails and forge ahead求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences（二）语意重复广袤无垠的中华大地 the boundless expanse of the Chinese territory高瞻远瞩的决策 a visionary/far-sighted decision贯彻落实重大决策carry out/ implement a series of major policy decisions层峦叠嶂 peaks rising one after another优胜劣汰 survival of the fittest延年益寿prolong one’s life灵丹妙药 panacea / miraculous cure长治久安 a long period of stability求真务实 pragmatic审时度势 size up the trend of events招商引资 attract investment誉满全球举世闻名 world-renowned功在当代，利在千秋 in the interest of the current and future generations继往开来，承前启后 (continue the past and open up the future ) break new ground for the future路遥知马力，日久见人心 Time will tell.吃的苦中苦，方知甜中甜 no sweet without sweat车到山前必有路，船到桥头自然直in the end things mend /there’s always a way out急功近利 eager for instant success and quick profits大黑扫黄 crack down on gangland and pornography德高望重 of high ability and integrity互利互补 mutually complementary and beneficial互谅互让mutual understanding and accommodation遵纪守法 observe the relevant code of conduct and the law（三）目的关系减员增效 downsize (and cut payroll) to improve efficiency (for efficiency)退耕还林 return cultivated land to forest or pastures集资办学 raise money to set up new schools结党营私 form cliques for private gain扭亏为盈 turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one（四）途径方式寓教于乐 teach through lively activities因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude按劳分配 distribution according to performance以商养文 support /sponsor cultural activities with the profits from doing business（五）偏正词组廉洁奉公honestly perform one’s official duties环境绿化 environmental greening超前消费 premature consumption; Over-consume; excessive consumption以强凌弱 the strong domineering over the weak以人为本 people foremost; People-oriented（六）动宾关系优势互补complement each other’s advantages自主经营，自负盈亏make one’s own management decisions, take full responsibility for one’s own profits and losses（七）条件关系不进则退 no progress simply means regression（八）省略意象瞻前顾后 overcautions and indecisive源远流长 have a long history呕心沥血 spare no efforts画龙点睛 bring out the crucial point花天酒地 go on the loose汗马功劳 exploits闻名遐迩 famous独具匠心 original中流砥柱 mainstay, chief cornerstone鱼米之乡 a land of milk and honey世外桃源 a haven of peace浩如烟海的文化典籍 numerous volumes of literature。
政治用语的英文翻译
建设全面小康社会to build a well-off society in an all-round way重要战略机遇期period of important strategic opportunities开创具有中国特色的社会主义建设新局面to create a new situation in building socialism with Chinese characteristics 建设高素质的领导干部队伍to build a contingent of high-calibre leading cadres坚定信心，扎实工作，旗帜鲜明，毫无动摇to enhance confidence,do a solid job,take a clear-cut stand and never waver in carrying on the fight in depth廉政建设to build a clean and honest government依法治国，以德治国to run the country by combining the rule of law with the rule of virtue保持国民经济持续、快速、健康发展to maintain a sustained,rapid and sound development of the national economy信息化带动工业化，工业化促进信息化to use IT to propelindustrialization,which will,in turn,stimulate IT application培育新的经济增长点to cultivate new economic growth points自谋职业/自主创业to find jobs on one’s own/to become selfemployed三个代表（始终代表先进生产力的发展要求，代表先进文化的前进方向，始终代表中国人民的根本利益）three represents theory(the Party must always represent the requirements of the dev elopment of China’s advanced productive forces,the orientation of the development of China’s advanced culture,and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China三讲教育：讲学习，讲政治，讲正气three emphases education(to stress theoretical study,political awareness and good conduct)解放思想，实事求是，开拓创新，继往开来，与时俱进emancipating the mind, seeking truthfrom facts,coming up with new ideas in respect of theory,carrying forward our cause into the future,keeping pace with the times坚决反对和防止腐败是全党一项重大的政治任务combating and preventing corruption resolutely as a major political task of the whole Party两大历史性课题（提高党的执政能力和领导水平，提高拒腐防变和抵御风险的能力）the abilities of administration and art of leadership and resisting corruption,guarding against degeneration and warding off risks有中国特色的社会主义民主政治socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics科教兴国战略the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education经济结构的战略性调整strategic adjustment of the economic structure家庭承包经营household contract management外向型经济outward-looking economy养老保险制度/医疗保险制度/失业保险制度/城市居民最低生活保障制度basic old-age pension system/medical insurance system/unemployment insurance system/subsistence allowances for urban residents迷信与伪科学superstition and pseudo-science拔尖创新人才top-notch innovative personnel民间外交people-to-people dipomacy综合国力overall national strength安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents信息化information-based;informationization智力密集型concentration of brainpower;knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工laid-off workers分流reposition of redundant personnel三角债chain debts素质教育education for all-round development豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects社会治安情况law-and-order situation民族国家nation state台独independence of Taiwan台湾当局Taiwan authorities台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory西部大开发Development of the West Regions可持续性发展sustainable development风险投资risk investment通货紧缩deflation扩大内需to expand domestic demand 计算机辅助教学computer-assisted instruction网络空间cyberspace虚拟现实virtual reality网民netizen电脑犯罪computer crime电子商务the e-business 应试教育 exam-oriented education 学生减负 to reduce study load百花齐放hundred flowers赤脚医生barefoot doctor大跃进great leap forward大字报big letter posters邓小平理论deng xiaoping theory反革命counterrevolutionary非典severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars)改革开放reform and opening up工作单位work unit官倒official profiteering国民* kuomintang (nationalist party)计划经济planned economy解放liberation经济(发展)特区special economic zone (sez) 精神污染spiritual pollution 开放政策open door/opening up policy口罩face mask used to cover the mouth, for colds/sars.叩头kowtow劳动改造reform through labor廉政建设construct clean politics列宁主义leninism流动人口floating population马克思主义marxism毛泽东思想mao zedong thought毛主席语录(小红书) little red book普通话standard/common chinese人民大会堂great hall of the people人民公社people's communes三个代表the three represents市场经济market economy双百方针two hundred policies四个现代化four modernizations四人帮bang1 gang of four铁饭碗iron rice bowl文化大革命cultural revolution无产阶级proletariat五年计划five-year plan五四运动may fourth movement下岗工人laid-off workers新北京，新奥运new beijing, new olympics 一个中国的政策one-china policy一国两制one country, two systems 知识经济knowledge economy知识分子intelligentsia, intellectuals 纸老虎paper tiger致富光荣to get rich is glorious中国共产* chinese communist party 资产阶级自由化bourgeois liberalism 走资派capitalist roader。
政治用语英汉翻译
马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s”important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
翻译中四字格的使用
1 他为人聪明大方，生气勃勃，忠厚耿直，谦 虚谨慎。 2 有一位三十四岁的记者，名叫德鲁•皮尔逊， 它描写那些退伍军人，说是“衣衫褴褛，筋疲 力尽，神情木然，满脸愁容。” 3 为了使自己生活中不犯错误，特列出我认为 应该身体力行的13条守则：这些守则是：1.节 制饮食；2. 自我克制；3. 沉默寡言；4. 有条 不紊；5. 坚定信念；6. 勤俭节约；7. 工作勤 奋；8. 忠诚老实；9. 办事公正；10. 衣履整洁； 11. 平心静气；12. 品行高尚；13. 谦虚恭顺。
cringe: (1)To shrink back, as in fear; cower (2) To behave in a servile way; fawn fawn: To exhibit affection or attempt to please, as a dog does by wagging its tail, whining, or cringing 摇尾乞怜， 狗摇尾巴、哀鸣、卑躬屈膝，表示喜爱或试 图讨好 spectacle：Something that can be seen or viewed,
ardent：characterized by strong enthusiasm or devotion impudence: The quality of being offensively bold
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
disintegration 土崩瓦解 ardent loyalty 赤胆忠心 far-sightedness 远见卓识 perfect harmony 水乳交融 impudence 厚颜无耻 careful consideration 深思熟虑 total exhaustion 筋疲力尽 feed on fancies 画饼充饥 with great eagerness 如饥似渴 offend public decency 伤风败俗 on the verge of destruction 危在旦夕（濒临瓦解） await with great anxiety 望穿秋水 lack of perseverance 三天打鱼，两天晒网
政治文本中四字格的英译技巧探究
政治文本中四字格的英译技巧探究在政治文本中，四字格是一种常见的表达形式。
它是指四个字组成的短语，通常用来简洁、有力地表达观点或理念。
在英译时，如何保持原文的意义和简洁性是一个挑战。
本文将探讨在政治文本中四字格的英译技巧，旨在帮助翻译人员更好地理解和应用这一表达形式。
政治文本中的四字格通常具有强烈的表达意义。
它可能涉及到国家政策、社会热点或国际关系等重要议题。
在英译时，翻译人员需要准确把握原文的意思，避免歪曲或误解。
对于翻译人员来说，首先要做好文本的分析和理解工作，确保对原文的意义有准确的把握。
政治文本中的四字格常常具有一定的文化背景和内涵。
在英译时，翻译人员需要考虑如何在英语环境下有效地传达这些文化内涵。
这需要翻译人员具备丰富的文化知识和跨文化沟通能力。
有时候，直译并不能有效传达原文的文化内涵，因此翻译人员需要结合上下文和读者的背景进行恰当的文化适应和转换。
政治文本中的四字格通常具有简洁的特点。
这就要求翻译人员在英译时要尽可能保持原文的简洁性。
在英语中，像“Long time no see”、“Better late than never”等固定短语就是一种简洁而有力的表达，这与中文中的四字格有些类似。
在英译政治文本中的四字格时，翻译人员需要善于利用英语中的固定短语或成语，保持原文的简洁和有力。
政治文本中的四字格通常需要考虑到语言的正式性和专业性。
在英译时，翻译人员需要根据目标读者的特点和阅读环境来选择合适的表达方式。
如果目标读者是专业人士，可以选择更加正式和专业的词汇和语法结构；如果目标读者是一般大众，可以适当简化语言，使其更容易理解。
政治文本中的四字格通常具有一定的修辞特色。
在英译时，翻译人员需要善于把握原文的修辞特点，灵活运用英语的修辞手法，使译文更具有表现力和感染力。
这就需要翻译人员具备丰富的语言功底和翻译经验，能够在保持原文意思的基础上，灵活运用英语的语法和修辞手法，使译文更具有文学和艺术的魅力。
政治文本中四字格的英译技巧探究
政治文本中四字格的英译技巧探究随着中国日益崛起，越来越多的外国人开始对中国的文化产生兴趣，其中最为引人注目的莫过于四字格。
四字格作为汉字文化独有的表现形式，在中国的历史文化、文学、艺术等领域都有着重要的地位。
而在政治文本中，四字格也是经常被使用的一种表达方式。
本文旨在探讨政治文本中四字格的英译技巧。
首先，要了解四字格的特点。
四字格就是用四个汉字来表达一个意思的格言、警句或名言。
这种表达方式在中国文化中非常流行，因为四字格简短有力、寓意深刻、易于记忆。
其中，大多数四字格都是由两个对仗的词汇组成的，如“山高水长”、“人心不足”、“苦尽甘来”等等。
这些对仗的词汇不仅是语言上的美感，还体现了中国文化中的许多哲学思想，如阴阳、五行、道德经等。
其次，了解四字格在政治文本中的运用。
四字格在政治文本中的使用非常广泛，常常用来表达政策、口号、宣传语等。
例如：“改革春风吹满地”、“共建共享、合作共赢”、“先富带后、全面小康”等等。
这些四字格不仅简洁明了，还具有很强的感染力和亲和力，容易引起人们的共鸣和认同。
接下来，是如何将政治文本中的四字格英译出来。
在四字格英译时，我们应该尽量保持它的简洁有力，同时也要把中文原意表达出来。
因为英文与中文语法、表达方式有差异，所以在译出时需要运用不同的表达技巧。
以下是一些常见的技巧：1. 直接翻译法：直接将四字格翻译成英语。
如“改革春风吹满地”可以译为“Reform brings spring breeze to the earth”。
2. 用短语搭配法：将四字格中的词语与已有的英文短语搭配使用。
如“先富带后、全面小康”可以译为“Leading the way to wealth, securing the welfare of all”。
3. 用同义词替换法：将四字格中的词语用与之相似或对应的英文单词或短语替换。
如“有所作为”可以译为“Demonstrate strength”。
综上所述，政治文本中的四字格是一种常见的表达方式，它简短有力、寓意深刻、易于理解，有助于提高宣传效果。
最新中国政治常用词汇英语翻译
执法部门law-enforcing departments群众组织mass organizations保证将国家机关的工作置于社会的监督下to ensure the works of state organizations be put under social supervision深入开展反腐败斗争to deepen the anticorruption campaign廉正建设the construction of honest administering社会主义民主政治的核心是人民当家做主,真正享有法律赋予的各项民主权利.The essence and core of socialist democratic politics is that the people are the masters and they really enjoy various democratic rights endowed by laws集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定 collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decision through meeting全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 小康社会、小康生活well-to-do society, well-to-do life 四项基本原则Four Cardinal Principles社会主义初级阶段the primary stage of socialism党管干部的原则the principle of the Party assuming the respons ibility for cadres’ affairs集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decisionthrough meeting基本国策 basic state policy精神文明 intellectual and ideological development物质文明 material progress廉政建设 construction of a clean government权利下放 delegate / decentralize power to the lower levels人浮于事 overstaffed社会风气 social morality社会风尚 social graces; social graciousness物质文明 material progress以权谋私 abuse power for personal gains与国际接轨gear… to international conventions政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management 执法监督部门law-enforcing departments and supervisory institutions中国国情 China's actual conditions综合国力 the overall national strength遵纪守法 observe discipline and abide by the law改革开放 reform and open up (to the outside world解放思想、实事求是 emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people依法治国和以德治国 the rule of law and the rule of virtue社会主义物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilizations of socialism人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship民主集中制、党内民主democratic centralism, inner-Party democracydemocratic decision-making 民主决策democratic elections 民主选举democratic management 民主管理Democratic Progressive Party 民进党democratic supervision 民主监督Deng Xiaoping theory 邓小平理论deputy to the National People's Congress 全国人大代表extensive and profound 博大精深extravagance and waste 铺张浪费falsification 弄虚作假family planning 计划生育federations of industry 工商联fetters of subjectivism and metaphysics 主观主义和形而上学的桎梏fight against "Taiwan Independence" 反对“台独”good-neighborly relationship 睦邻友好government functions 政府职能government institutions 政府机构government intervention 政府干预government organs 政府机构(have) a good government and a united people 政通人和historic breakthrough 历史性突破hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping theory 高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜honesty 诚实守信honesty and high efficiency 廉洁高效Hong Kong And Macao special administrative regions 香港、澳门特别行政区ideological and moral education 思想道德建设intellectuals 知识分子intensify functions 强化功能international organizations 国际性组织international situation 国际形势iron out differences 化解歧见keep pace with the times 与时俱进kingpin 支撑long-term peace and order 长治久安long-term social stability and solidarity 长期社会安定团结Mao Zedong thought 毛泽东思想Marxism Leninism 马克思列宁主义mass organizations 人民团体masters of the country 当家作主material and cultural needs of the people 人民的物质文化需要material and spiritual civilization 物质文明和精神文明media and publicity work 宣传舆论工作moral kingpin 精神支撑morality, intelligence, physique and art 德智体美national rejuvenation through science and education 科教兴国national reunification 祖国统一national spirit 民族精神negotiations on peaceful reunification 和平统一谈判neighborhood committee 居委会NPC member 人大代表our compatriots in Taiwan 台湾同胞patriots from all walks of life 各界爱国人士patriotic democratic personages 爱国民主人士patriotic united front 爱国统一战线peace and development 和平与发展peace, justice and progress 和平，正义，进步proceed from our national conditions 从我国国情出发promote all-round social progress 促进社会全面进步realm of ideology 意识形态领域reform and opening-up 改革开放reform, development and stability 改革发展稳定rule (run) the country by law 依法治国rule (run) the country by virtue 以德治国running the party, state and army 治党治国治军survival and development 生存和发展sustainable development 可持续发展system of regional ethnic autonomy 民族区域自治制度the Chinese people of all ethnic groups 全国各族人民the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 中华民族的伟大复兴the people of all social strata 社会各阶层人们the provincial and municipal (prefectural) governments 省、市（地）两级地方政府two conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 两会（人大，政协）unified, open, competitive and orderly 统一、开放、竞争、有序vigilance against risks 抗风险能力vitality, creativity and cohesion of a nation 民族的生命力、创造力和凝聚力citizens' participation in political affairs 公民政治参与civic duty 公民职责civil rights / civil liberties 公民权利、自由civil servants 公务员。
英语四字格成语的翻译==中高口译
四字格的翻译（0303-0703）注：1. 这里只给出四字格脱离语境的翻译，放在上下文中一定根据句子要求进行调整。
2. 意义重复的四字格可只需译出一处。
预防为主0703高prevention first综合治理0703高comprehensive control/management全面推进0703高entire/all-round push-on重点突破0703高breakthrough at key points亲仁善邻0609高cordiality, benevolence and good neighborliness和睦相处0609高living in harmony with others强不凌弱0609高The strong should not oppress the weak and the rich should not bully the poor.协和万邦0609高All nations live side by side in perfect harmony.有容乃大One should be as inclusive as the ocean, which is vast because it admits hundreds of rivers. 兼收并蓄0609高embrace everything that is useful光阴似箭0603高Time flies like an arrow. /How time files!有诺必践Commitment should always be kept.一如既往0603高unswervingly和衷共济0509高solidarity; fighting together with one accord亡国灭种0509高extinction; being conquered and destroyed万众一心0509高pull together; join hands; make joint efforts; be united as one浩然气概0509高noble spirit不屈节操0509高unyielding moral principle赴汤蹈火0509高go through fire and water殊死奋战0509高fight desperately; fight to death可歌可泣0509高moved one to songs and tears英勇卓绝0509高heroic and splendid插科打诨0503高comic parts精微深奥0503高profound and abstruse博大精深0403高extensive and profound源远流长0403高run a long history天下为公0403高The world belongs to all the people.匹夫有责Every man has a duty to his country.吃苦耐劳0403高hard work and enduring hardship勤俭持家0403高run the household industriously and frugally尊师重教0403高respect teachers and attach importance to education 当务之急0309高urgent; imminent不谋而合0303高coincide with莘莘学子0609中students青春洋溢0609中young书香浓郁0609中academic/cultural atmosphere充满活力dynamic; vigorous多姿多彩0603中colorful色彩斑斓0603中同“多姿多彩”日新月异0603中change with each passing day光芒四射0603中shining; brilliant鲜艳夺目0603中同“光芒四射”安居乐业0603中live and work happily and peacefully万里尚为邻 Distance can never separate real friends.携手前进0509中join hands名列前茅0503中rank top补充形容词性举足轻重decisive, vital, significant光辉灿烂glorious and magnificent不可磨灭indelible无边无际boundless广袤富饶vast and fertile宏伟挺拔towering magnificence金壁辉煌splendid and magnificent玲珑剔透exquisitely carved/made/wrought蔚为壮观splendid; spectacular庄严肃穆solemn不屈不挠unyielding, unrelenting, dauntless动词性此起彼伏rise one after another, keep cropping up繁衍生息live and multiply/reproduce改朝换代changes of dynasties穷兵黩武wantonly engage in military aggression; use all one’s armed might to indulge in wars of aggression雅俗共赏appeal to both refined and popular tastes与日俱增increase with each passing day, be steadily on the increase极目远眺look as far as the eye can see按资排辈to assign priority according to seniority求同存异seeking common ground while putting aside differences流连忘返linger on; be too delighted to leave乐不思蜀too delighted to be homesick不宣而战start an undeclared war尽收眼底hold a panoramic view扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government集思广益draw on collective wisdom and absorb all useful ideas辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences延年益寿prolong one’s life审时度势size up the trend of events招商引资attract investment急功近利eager for instant success and quick profits扫黑扫黄crack down on gangland and pornography减员增效downsize(and cut payroll) to improve efficiency退耕还林return cultivated land to forest or pasture互利互补mutually complementary and beneficial集资办学raise money to set up new schools寓教于乐teach through lively activities因材施教teach students according to their aptitude按劳分配distribution according to performance廉洁奉公honestly perform. one’s official duties呕心沥血spare no efforts画龙点睛bring out the crucial point名词性：绿水青山green hills and clear waters墨客骚人men of letters奇花异草exotic flowers and herbs鱼米之乡 a land of milk and honey奇峰异石picturesque peaks and rocks浓妆淡抹heavy or light makeup轩然大波 a great disturbance, a mighty uproar凤毛麟角rarity of rarities层峦叠嶂range upon range of mountains; the hills rise around…崇山峻岭steep mountains雕梁画栋carved beams and painted pillars名山大川famous mountains and great rivers湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills青山绿水green hills and clear waters名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites平等互利equality and mutual benefit国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood灵丹妙药panacea/miraculous cure中流砥柱mainstay, chief cornerstone世外桃源 a haven of peace长治久安 a long period of stability按劳分配distribution according to one’s performance。
中国政治常用词汇英语翻译
执法部门law-enforcing departments群众组织mass organizations保证将国家机关的工作置于社会的监督下to ensure the works of state organizations be put under social supervision深入开展反腐败斗争to deepen the anticorruption campaign廉正建设the construction of honest administering社会主义民主政治的核心是人民当家做主,真正享有法律赋予的各项民主权利.The essence and core of socialist democratic politics is that the people are the masters and they really enjoy various democratic rights endowed by laws集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定 collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decision through meeting全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 小康社会、小康生活well-to-do society, well-to-do life 四项基本原则Four Cardinal Principles社会主义初级阶段the primary stage of socialism党管干部的原则the principle of the Party assuming the respons ibility for cadres’ affairs集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decisionthrough meeting基本国策 basic state policy精神文明 intellectual and ideological development物质文明 material progress廉政建设 construction of a clean government权利下放 delegate / decentralize power to the lower levels人浮于事 overstaffed社会风气 social morality社会风尚 social graces; social graciousness物质文明 material progress以权谋私 abuse power for personal gains与国际接轨gear… to international conventio ns政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management 执法监督部门law-enforcing departments and supervisory institutions中国国情 China's actual conditions综合国力 the overall national strength遵纪守法 observe discipline and abide by the law改革开放 reform and open up (to the outside world解放思想、实事求是 emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people依法治国和以德治国 the rule of law and the rule of virtue社会主义物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilizations of socialism人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship民主集中制、党内民主democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy democratic decision-making 民主决策democratic elections 民主选举democratic management 民主管理Democratic Progressive Party 民进党democratic supervision 民主监督Deng Xiaoping theory 邓小平理论deputy to the National People's Congress 全国人大代表extensive and profound 博大精深extravagance and waste 铺张浪费falsification 弄虚作假family planning 计划生育federations of industry 工商联fetters of subjectivism and metaphysics 主观主义和形而上学的桎梏fight against "Taiwan Independence" 反对“台独”good-neighborly relationship 睦邻友好government functions 政府职能government institutions 政府机构government intervention 政府干预government organs 政府机构(have) a good government and a united people 政通人和historic breakthrough 历史性突破hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping theory 高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜honesty 诚实守信honesty and high efficiency 廉洁高效Hong Kong And Macao special administrative regions 香港、澳门特别行政区ideological and moral education 思想道德建设intellectuals 知识分子intensify functions 强化功能international organizations 国际性组织international situation 国际形势iron out differences 化解歧见keep pace with the times 与时俱进kingpin 支撑long-term peace and order 长治久安long-term social stability and solidarity 长期社会安定团结Mao Zedong thought 毛泽东思想Marxism Leninism 马克思列宁主义mass organizations 人民团体masters of the country 当家作主material and cultural needs of the people 人民的物质文化需要material and spiritual civilization 物质文明和精神文明media and publicity work 宣传舆论工作moral kingpin 精神支撑morality, intelligence, physique and art 德智体美national rejuvenation through science and education 科教兴国national reunification 祖国统一national spirit 民族精神negotiations on peaceful reunification 和平统一谈判neighborhood committee 居委会NPC member 人大代表our compatriots in Taiwan 台湾同胞patriots from all walks of life 各界爱国人士patriotic democratic personages 爱国民主人士patriotic united front 爱国统一战线peace and development 和平与发展peace, justice and progress 和平，正义，进步proceed from our national conditions 从我国国情出发promote all-round social progress 促进社会全面进步realm of ideology 意识形态领域reform and opening-up 改革开放reform, development and stability 改革发展稳定rule (run) the country by law 依法治国rule (run) the country by virtue 以德治国running the party, state and army 治党治国治军survival and development 生存和发展sustainable development 可持续发展system of regional ethnic autonomy 民族区域自治制度the Chinese people of all ethnic groups 全国各族人民the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 中华民族的伟大复兴the people of all social strata 社会各阶层人们the provincial and municipal (prefectural) governments 省、市（地）两级地方政府two conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 两会（人大，政协）unified, open, competitive and orderly 统一、开放、竞争、有序vigilance against risks 抗风险能力vitality, creativity and cohesion of a nation 民族的生命力、创造力和凝聚力citizens' participation in political affairs 公民政治参与civic duty 公民职责civil rights / civil liberties 公民权利、自由civil servants 公务员。
政治文本中四字格的英译技巧探究
政治文本中四字格的英译技巧探究作为中国传统的文学表现方式，四字格已经成为中国文化中的一个重要元素。
在政治文本中，四字格也经常被使用。
本文将探究一下政治文本中四字格的翻译技巧。
一、四字格的概述四字格又叫做“对联”，是中国特有的文学表现方式。
它的结构为：“上联”和“下联”，每一联由两个汉字组成。
四字格具有简洁明了、言简意赅、抒情或警句的特点，非常适合作为各种文艺作品的点睛之笔。
在政治文本中，四字格被广泛使用，因为它简短明了，容易记忆，非常适合作为政治口号或宣传口号。
例如，“中国梦、民族复兴”、“改革创新、稳中提进”等等。
1. 翻译基本规律四字格的基本规律是“对仗”，即上下联两个汉字在音调、押韵、意义等方面都要相对应。
在翻译四字格时，需要尽力保持这种对仗的特点，即使在目标语言中需要做出一定的牺牲。
2. 直译3. 意译意译是一种更为灵活的翻译方式，可以根据汉语中的意思，用一种更适合目标语言的表达方式来翻译。
比如，“天高地阔、志存高远”可以译为“Broad horizons, lofty ideals”，这种翻译方式不仅能保留原文的意思，还能使翻译更加流畅易懂。
4. 意直结合型翻译意直结合型翻译是指既保留了对仗的特点，又实现了意译的效果。
这种翻译方式适合于一些特殊的四字格。
比如，“独霸一方、称雄世界”可以译为“Monopolizing the territory, dominating the world”。
5. 修改顺序四字格中的顺序也是非常重要的，因为顺序不同可能会带来不同的意义。
在翻译时可以改变四字格中单词的位置，以使之更符合英语的习惯和语法。
例如，“和平发展、互利共赢”可以翻译为“Peaceful development, mutually beneficial win-win”。
6. 简化在翻译时，还可以简化四字格中的语言，使之更加简洁明了。
这种翻译方式适用于对仗不是很严格的四字格。
例如，“贯彻中国特色社会主义道路”可以简化为“Implement socialism with Chinese characteristics”。
政治方面-四字格成语-
政治方面-四字格成语-英语翻译政治经济活动“达标”活动“target hitting” activities“豆腐渣”工程jerry-built project“一条龙”服务coordinated-process service安居工程Housing Project for low-income families按劳分配distribution according to one's performance把握正确的舆论导向to properly guide the public opinion把眼光放远一些to subordinate immediate interests to the long-term ones / to be farsighted / to have a broad view把已经确定的方针政策措施落到实处to get the set principles,policies and measures implemented百花齐放、百家争鸣Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend.百年不遇once-in-a-century摆门面to put up an impressive front半拉子工程uncompleted project包干到户work contracted to households保重点，不撒胡椒面Resources must be channeled to (or concentrated on ) priority projects and not spread thinly (evenly) everywhere.本位主义departmentalism变相涨价disguised inflation拨乱反正to set things right / to restore things to order不顾条件，一哄而起to rush into action in disregard of objective conditions不合理收费、集资和摊派to impose charges and quotas and collect money without authorization不良风气unhealthy ways and customs不正之风unhealthy practice (tendency）部优产品Ministry-recognized quality goods / products菜篮子工程the shopping basket project参政议政意识the awareness of the need to participate in the discussion and administration of state affairs 超计划生育to have more children than what is planned / extra-plan babies吃大锅饭the egalitarian practice of “everybody eating from the same big pot ”吃皇粮to receive salaries,subsidies,or other supported from the government传销pyramid selling / multi-level marketing春运(passenger)transportation during the Spring Festival磁悬浮列车maglev train (magnetically levitated train) / magnetic suspension打白条to issue IOUs打假to crack down on counterfeit goods打破僵局to break the deadlock大路货staple goods大排档sidewalk snack booth / large stall大腕top notch (singer etc.) / a heavyweight待业job-waiting党群关系Party-masses relationship党性one's Party morale / Party spirit / Party character倒爷profiteer第二职业second employment / second occupation第三产业tertiary industry / service sector发展是硬道理Development is of overriding importance防洪工程flood-prevention project房管real estate management扶贫poverty alleviation福利分房welfare-oriented public housing distribution system改革开放政策the reform and open policy / the policy of reform and opening-up改革开放reform and opening to the outside world港人治港Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong高新技术产业开发区high and new technological industry development zone搞活国营大中型企业to revitalize / invigorate large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises搞活经济to invigorate / enliven / liberalize the economy革命老根据地the old revolutionary base areas公费医疗medical services at state expense公款吃喝banquet at public expenses挂靠to be attached or affiliated to / to be subordinate to官倒official profiteering / official racketeering长期国库券treasury bonds国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises和平共处五项原则the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence和平统一，一国两制的方针the principles of peaceful reunification and “one country,two systems”/ the policy of peaceful reunification and the principle of “one country,two systems”和平演变peaceful evolution towards capitalism黑店gangster inn黑客hacker黑社会Mafia-style organizations;gangland红筹股red-chip shares;red chips户口簿residence booklet户口管理制度domicile system / residence registration system户主head of a household灰色收入income from moonlighting火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)基本国情fundamental realities of the country集体主义community spirit / collectivism计划生育family planning假日经济holiday economy坚持两个文明一起抓to ensure that efforts are made to build a society that is advanced both materially and culturally and ideologically减员增效、下岗分流to cut down the size of workforce for efficiency and get the layoffs re-employed elsewhere将文明礼貌to promote civilized behavior / civic manners将学习，讲政治，讲正气的党性党风教育to educate the cadres in the Party spirit and style through the promotion of the three emphases on theoretical studies,political awareness and integrity解放生产力to emancipate the productive forces戒急用忍to overcome impetuosity and exercise patience / no haste / be patient经济开发区economic development zone经济特区special economic zone精简机构to streamline government organs精神文明建设to promote cultural and ethical progress纠风办State Council Office for Rectification纠正不正之风to rectify unhealthy tendencies and malpractices九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education军转民military conversion / conversion from military to civilian production开展扫黄打非斗争to eliminate / crack down on pornography and other illegal publications康居工程the Affordable Housing Project科技是第一生产力Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.科教兴国战略the strategy of developing the country by relying on science and education / the strategy of rejuvenating the nation through science and education可持续发展sustainable development跨世纪工程 a trans-century project亏损企业enterprises running in the red / under deficit廉政建设construction of a clean government领导班子leading body / group龙头to play a leading role in / to serve as a powerhouse乱摊派indiscriminate levies / arbitrary imposition of quotas乱涨价unauthorized price rise民工out-of-town laborer / rural laborer / migrant laborer磨洋工to dawdle along南水北调工程projects to divert water from the south to the north农转非agricultural people to be given non-agricultural status勤俭建国to build the country with industry and thrift全民所有制public ownership / public sector / publicly owned权力下放to delegate / decentralize power to the lower levels三角债debt chains三通direct links in postal service,air and shipping services and trade / three direct links of trade,mail and air and shipping services across the Taiwan Straits三峡工程Three Gorges Project三资企业enterprises in the “three forms of ventures”:Sino-foreign joint ventures,cooperative businesses and exclusively (or wholly) foreign-owned enterprises扫黄anti-pornography drive / campaign against pornography涉外婚姻Chinese marriage with foreign nationals十年动乱the ten chaotic years / the ten-year turmoil十年规划和“八五”计划纲要the guidelines of the Ten-Year Programme and the Eighth Five-Year Plan四有公民citizens who have high ideals,moral integrity,a good education and a strong sense of discipline 退居二线to leave the leading post / retire from the leading post脱贫to shake off poverty歪风邪气unhealthy practices and evil phenomena晚婚晚育late marriage and postponement of childbearing温饱问题the problem of inadequate food and clothing五好家庭five-virtue family五讲四美三热爱five stresses,four points of beauty and three aspects of love五讲四美运动the movement of “five stresses and four points of beauty”:to promote civility,courtesy,tidiness,orderliness and integrity物质文明material progress下岗人员the laid-off下海to take the plunge into private business下硬功夫to make intensive efforts乡镇企业township enterprise / rural enterprise小康生活to lead a relatively comfortable life小商品市场smalls fair信息高速公路information (super)highway / into highway星火计划Spark Program姓社姓资问题distinction of what is socialism and what is capitalism亚运村Asian Games Village严打to crack down on crimes and social evils严防死守life-and-death defense一刀切sweeping approach / to impose uniformity on (e.g.,all enterprises) / action in disregard of objective conditions一国两制one country,two systems一切向钱看money-mania / money-mad / to put money above anything else依法治国to rule the country in accordance with law移风易俗to transform outmoded habit and custom以权谋私to abuse power for personal gains优生优育to promote good prenatal and postnatal care / to improve prenatal and postnatal care有经济头脑的人commercially minded people / people with business sense宰人rip-off政企分开to separate government functions from enterprise management治理三乱to put to a stop / eliminate indiscriminate fines,charges and levies治理整顿to improve the economic environment and rectify the economic order / economic improvement and rectification / economic retrenchment重复建设to build redundant project / duplication of similar projects专业户specialized household自负盈亏to be responsible for one's own profit and loss自留地individual farm plots / private plots of land走共同致富的道路to take the road to common prosperity遵纪守法to observe discipline and abide by the law如鱼得水feel just like fish in water、临阵磨枪sharpen one's spear only before going into battle、狐假虎威the fox borrows the tiger's terror、猫哭老鼠the cat weeps over the mouse、对牛弹琴play the harp to a bull、雨后春笋like bamboo shoots after a spring shower、一寸光阴一寸金an inch of time is an inch of gold、谋事在人成事在天man proposes, God disposes。
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政治经济活动“达标”活动“target hitting” activities“豆腐渣”工程jerry-built project“一条龙”服务coordinated-process service安居工程Housing Project for low-income families按劳分配distribution according to one's performance把握正确的舆论导向to properly guide the public opinion把眼光放远一些to subordinate immediate interests to the long-term ones / to be farsighted / to have a broad view 把已经确定的方针政策措施落到实处to get the set principles,policies and measures implemented百花齐放、百家争鸣Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend.百年不遇once-in-a-century摆门面to put up an impressive front半拉子工程uncompleted project包干到户work contracted to households保重点，不撒胡椒面Resources must be channeled to (or concentrated on ) priority projects and not spread thinly (evenly) everywhere.本位主义departmentalism变相涨价disguised inflation拨乱反正to set things right / to restore things to order不顾条件，一哄而起to rush into action in disregard of objective conditions不合理收费、集资和摊派to impose charges and quotas and collect money without authorization不良风气unhealthy ways and customs不正之风unhealthy practice (tendency）部优产品Ministry-recognized quality goods / products菜篮子工程the shopping basket project参政议政意识the awareness of the need to participate in the discussion and administration of state affairs超计划生育to have more children than what is planned / extra-plan babies吃大锅饭the egalitarian practice of “everybody eating from the same big pot ”吃皇粮to receive salaries,subsidies,or other supported from the government传销pyramid selling / multi-level marketing春运(passenger)transportation during the Spring Festival磁悬浮列车maglev train (magnetically levitated train) / magnetic suspension打白条to issue IOUs打假to crack down on counterfeit goods打破僵局to break the deadlock大路货staple goods大排档sidewalk snack booth / large stall大腕top notch (singer etc.) / a heavyweight待业job-waiting党群关系Party-masses relationship党性one's Party morale / Party spirit / Party character倒爷profiteer第二职业second employment / second occupation第三产业tertiary industry / service sector发展是硬道理Development is of overriding importance防洪工程flood-prevention project房管real estate management扶贫poverty alleviation福利分房welfare-oriented public housing distribution system改革开放政策the reform and open policy / the policy of reform and opening-up改革开放reform and opening to the outside world港人治港Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong高新技术产业开发区high and new technological industry development zone搞活国营大中型企业to revitalize / invigorate large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises搞活经济to invigorate / enliven / liberalize the economy革命老根据地the old revolutionary base areas公费医疗medical services at state expense公款吃喝banquet at public expenses挂靠to be attached or affiliated to / to be subordinate to官倒official profiteering / official racketeering长期国库券treasury bonds国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises和平共处五项原则the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence和平统一，一国两制的方针the principles of peaceful reunification and “one country,two systems”/ the poli cy of peaceful reunification and the principle of “one country,two systems”和平演变peaceful evolution towards capitalism黑店gangster inn黑客hacker黑社会Mafia-style organizations;gangland红筹股red-chip shares;red chips户口簿residence booklet户口管理制度domicile system / residence registration system户主head of a household灰色收入income from moonlighting火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)基本国情fundamental realities of the country集体主义community spirit / collectivism计划生育family planning假日经济holiday economy坚持两个文明一起抓to ensure that efforts are made to build a society that is advanced both materially and culturally and ideologically减员增效、下岗分流to cut down the size of workforce for efficiency and get the layoffs re-employed elsewhere将文明礼貌to promote civilized behavior / civic manners将学习，讲政治，讲正气的党性党风教育to educate the cadres in the Party spirit and style through the promotion of the three emphases on theoretical studies,political awareness and integrity解放生产力to emancipate the productive forces戒急用忍to overcome impetuosity and exercise patience / no haste / be patient五好家庭five-virtue family五讲四美三热爱five stresses,four points of beauty and three aspects of love五讲四美运动the movement of “five stresses and four points of beauty”:to promote civility,courtesy,tidiness,orderliness and integrity物质文明material progress下岗人员the laid-off下海to take the plunge into private business下硬功夫to make intensive efforts乡镇企业township enterprise / rural enterprise小康生活to lead a relatively comfortable life小商品市场smalls fair信息高速公路information (super)highway / into highway星火计划Spark Program姓社姓资问题distinction of what is socialism and what is capitalism亚运村Asian Games Village严打to crack down on crimes and social evils严防死守life-and-death defense一刀切sweeping approach / to impose uniformity on (e.g.,all enterprises) / action in disregard of objective conditions一国两制one country,two systems一切向钱看money-mania / money-mad / to put money above anything else依法治国to rule the country in accordance with law移风易俗to transform outmoded habit and custom以权谋私to abuse power for personal gains优生优育to promote good prenatal and postnatal care / to improve prenatal and postnatal care有经济头脑的人commercially minded people / people with business sense宰人rip-off政企分开to separate government functions from enterprise management治理三乱to put to a stop / eliminate indiscriminate fines,charges and levies治理整顿to improve the economic environment and rectify the economic order / economic improvement and rectification / economic retrenchment重复建设to build redundant project / duplication of similar projects专业户specialized household自负盈亏to be responsible for one's own profit and loss自留地individual farm plots / private plots of land走共同致富的道路to take the road to common prosperity遵纪守法to observe discipline and abide by the law如鱼得水feel just like fish in water、临阵磨枪sharpen one's spear only before going into battle、狐假虎威the fox borrows the tiger's terror、猫哭老鼠the cat weeps over the mouse、对牛弹琴play the harp to a bull、雨后春笋like bamboo shoots after a spring shower、一寸光阴一寸金an inch of time is an inch of gold、谋事在人成事在天man proposes, God disposes。