名词性从句

名词性从句

主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，它们在复合句中的功用相当于名词，因此称为名词性从句，在句中分别作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。

1．When he will come is still unknown.

2．I don’t know who has watered the fields.

3．The problem is that we need more money.

4．Have you heard the news that our team won the game?

1．主语从句：在复合句中作句子主语的从句。

引导词：连词that、whether;疑问代词who, what, which;

疑问副词when, where, how, why

(1)连词that（无词意）, whether(是否), 在从句中不担任句子成分，只起连接作用;

whether能引导主语从句，而if不能。

That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me.

Whether John will do this experiment remains a question.

（2）疑问代词who, what, which, 在从句中既作连接词又充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。

Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announced.

What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well.

Which school will win the prize is not known.

Whose dictionary has not been found is still unknown.

Whichever you take will be yours.

Whoever wants this book may take it.

Whatever was said here must be kept secret.

(3)疑问副词when, where, how, why在从句中充当时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因

状语

When they will start hasn’t been de cided yet.

Where the heroine went is not mentioned at the end of the story.

How he managed to finish the composition in such a short time is still a mystery.

Why he often comes here is known to us all.

(4)用it作形式主语的主语从句常用的句型有：

It’s said that…

It is certain that…

It seems/ happens that…

It’s possible/ important/ necessary/ clear that…,该句型从句的谓语动词使用虚拟语气形式：should+动词原形。

It is necessary that we should learn some English grammar.

2.表语从句：在复合句中作句子表语的从句

引导词有that, whether, what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, how, because等（1）引导表语从句的that不省略，that仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，无任何意义

The impression he makes on me is that he is a reliable person.

(2)the reason后面的表语从句只能用that引导，我们学生易犯“the reason is

because…”的错误

The reason why the little actress has been such a success is that she is both clever and hard-working.

(3)在表示命令order等，建议suggestion, advice等的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动

词要用虚拟语气：

should+动词原形，should可省略

His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the problem.

(4)whether可引导表语从句，表“是否”，它在从句中不充当成分，if不能引导表

语从句。

The question is whether we can rely on him.

(5)连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose除起连接作用外，还在从句中做主语、

宾语、表语和定语。

That’s what he is worried about.（在从句作中宾语）

The problem is who can do the work.（在从句中作主语）

（6）连接副词when, where, why, how起连接作用外，还在从句中作状语。

That’s why I was late.