中考英语宾语从句考点透析

中考英语宾语从句考点透析

宾语从句是初中阶段英语语法学习的重点和难点，也是各省、市中考命题的重点之一。为便于同学们系统、全面地掌握宾语从句，现针对一些常见要点，对部分地区的中考真题剖析如下：

1、考查宾语从句的引导词

[考点点拨] 宾语从句的引导词较多，如that, if, whether, what, who, which, how, where, when, why等。对引导词的选择有三个要点：（1）陈述句变为宾语从句时，用连词that引导, 口语中that常省略，that无实义；（2）一般疑问句变为宾语从句时，用连词if 或whether引导，意为“是否”；（3）特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，用连接代词或连接副词引导，其意义由连接代词或连接副词的含义来确定。

[真题再现] ①The teacher asked me _______ I needed any help. (宁夏回族自治区)

A. whether

B. that

C. what

D. which

简析：答案为A。本句中的宾语从句是疑问句，故选A项。C、D 两个选项不合题意。选C项，句子结构不对。

②---- Do you still remember _______ he came here? ---- Yes, I do. He came by bus. (太原市)

A. when

B. how

C. what

D. why

简析：答案为B。依据答语“He came by bus.”知，应选how。

③Do you know _______ we will talk about at tomorrow's meeting? (北京市朝阳区)

A. what

B. that

C. where

D. how

简析：答案为A。根据句意，从句中的引导词做talk about 的逻辑宾语。

④---- Could you tell me ________ she is looking for? ---- Her cousin, Susan. (大连市)

A. that

B. whose

C. who

D. which

简析：答案为C。由答语Her cousin, Susan可推知，“她在寻找的是某人”，故引导词选who / whom。

⑤I don't know _______ Tom will go or not. (武汉市)

A. what

B. whether .

C. how

D. how

简析：答案为B。whether …or not 是习惯搭配。

2、考查宾语从句的语序

[考点点拨] 宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序，即主语谓语的顺序不能颠倒。

[真题再现] ①I want to know ________ .（天津市）

A. what is his name

B. what's his name

C. that his name is

D. what his name is

简析：答案为D。C选项不合题意；A 、B两个选项均为疑问语序。

②Jim doesn't understand ________ .（辽宁省）

A. which is the way to the museum

B. why his wife always goes shopping

C. what is the way to the museum

D. why does she always go shopping

简析：答案为B。A、C、D三个选项均为疑问语序。

③---- I hear we'll have a new teacher this term. ---- Really? Do you know ______ ?（浙江

A. what subject does he teach

B. what subject will he teach

C. what subject he teaches

D. what subject is he going to teach

简析：答案为C。A、B、D三个选项均为疑问语序。

④---- Could you tell me _______ ? ---- I'm not sure.（湖北省黄冈市）

A. how many people have been out of hospital

B. when is Thanksgiving

C. which animal does he like best

D. what time will the dolphin show start

简析：答案为A。how many people 在宾语从句中做主语，这时疑问语序与陈述语序相同。

⑤My friend didn't tell me ________ .（湖南省益阳市）

A. which room he lived

B. which room did he live in

C. he lived in which room

D. which room he lived in

简析：答案为D。which room 在宾语从句中做谓语动词live 的逻辑宾语，live为不及物动词，故其后须加介词in。

3、考查宾语从句的时态

[考点点拨] 宾语从句的时态受主句的影响。主句是现在时态，从句可根据需要选用任何时态；主句是过去时态，从句则用相应的过去时态；从句若表述的是客观真理等，无论主句用哪种时态，从句都用一般现在时。

[真题再现] ①---- May I see Mr Li, please? ---- Well, I'm afraid he's out in at the moment. But I think he _____ back soon.（北京市昌平区）

A. come

B. comes

C. will come

D. came

简析：答案为C。时间状语soon决定宾语从句须用一般将来时。

②We were told that light ______ much faster than sound.（广东省梅州市）

A. travels

B. travelled

C. was

D. will be

简析：答案为A。“光比声传播得快”属客观真理，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句须用一般现在时。

③---- Could you tell us how long ______ ? ---- About three days.（陕西省）

A. does the sports meet last

B. the sports meet last

C. will the sports meet last

D. the sports meet will last

简析：答案为D。根据问句与答句提供的信息可知，空格出处应当用一般将来时。

④---- Do you know _______ ? ---- Next year.（北京市）

A. when he came here

B. when did he come here

C. when he will come here

D. when will he come here

简析：答案为C。同上。

⑤---- What did he say? ---- He asked me __________ . (济南市)

A. what is the young man's telephone number

B. what the young man's telephone number is

C. what the young man's telephone number

D. what the young man's telephone number was

简析：答案为D。C选项的宾语从句中缺少谓语动词；A、B两个选项与主句谓语动词asked 在时态上不对应，且选项A为疑问语序。

4、考查if / when引导的是宾语从句还是状语从句