网站建设外文文献翻译终审稿)
浅谈国内高校英文网站的建设现状
《 国教 育信息化》煽辑部 : i o .d .n 中 m s eeu c @m
浅谈 国 内高校英 文 网站 的建设 现状
张 瑾
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文献 标 识码 : A
文 章 编 号 :6 3 85 (0 00 — 0 8 0 17— 4 4 2 1 )5 0 3 — 4
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传播学视角下的网页汉英翻译
传播学视角下的网页汉英翻译--兼评故宫博物院英语网页翻译孙建成 李昕亚(天津财经大学,300222)摘要 本文在传播学视角下,阐述了汉英翻译活动这一跨语言、跨文化传播活动的过程和特点, 并结合网络传播的特点,从传播学角度对故宫博物院英文网页中的总说部分进行了评析,探讨了网页翻译的特点和方法。
关键字 大众传播 网络传播 传播者 受传者Abstract Chinese to English translation process, an interlingual and intercultural process, is approached from the perspective of mass communication in this paper. Under the framework of mass communication, the Chinese to English translation of General Introduction of the Palace Museum on the website is evaluated in an effort to explore features and methods in C-E webpage translation.Key Words mass communication web communication the source the receptor1. 引言在信息技术发达的今天,大众传播在经历了语言传播、文字传播、印刷传播和模拟式电子传播革命之后,1 进入了以网络传播为特征的信息传播阶段。
各国纷纷借助互联网,搭建网上平台,占据信息传播的要地。
由于网络传播具有受众面广、传播速度快、互动及时等特点, 已成为各国进行对外宣传不可缺少的方式。
各国政府及社会组织利用先进的网络技术,借助第四媒体--网络媒体,建立英语网站,积极传播本国的文化。
网站建设外文文献翻译
On site construction technology1 IntroductionThe development of network technology for today's global information exchange and sharing funding source in the establishment of contacts and provide more channels and possible. Homes will be known world affairs, according few keyboard or a few mouse clicks can be distant friends thousands of miles away exchanges, and online communications, Internet browsing, on-line interactive, e-commerce has become a modern part of people's lives. Internet era, has created the new people's work and lifestyle, the Internet, openness and sharing of information model, breaking the traditional mode of information dissemination many barriers for people with new opportunities. With computers and the advent of the information age, the pace of the advance of human society in gradually accelerated. In recent years the development of web design, fast people occupied.With the development of web design, a colorful online website together one scenic beauty. To design aesthetic and practical web site should be thoroughly master the building techniques. In building site, we analyzed the websites of objectives, contents, functions, structure, the application of more web design technology. 2 the definition of websit How definition of websitesWeb site identified the tasks and objectives, the building site is the most important issue. Why people will come to your website You have a unique service The first people to your website is to what They will come back All these issues must be taken into account when the site definition of the problem. Definition site to, first of all, the entire site must have a clear understanding of what the design should understand in the end, the main purpose of the mission, how to carry out the task of organization and planning. Second, to maintain the high-quality Web site. Many websites in the face of strong competition from high-quality product is the greatest long-term competitive advantage. An excellent Web site should have the following:1 users visit Web site is faster.2 attention to the feedback and updates. To update the content of the website and timely feedback the user's requirements;3 Home design to be reasonable. Home to the first impression left by visitors is important, the design must be attractive in order to have a good visual effect. The contents of the website and functionThe content of the web site is to be a new, fast, all three sides. The content of the website, including the type of static, dynamic, functional and things to deal with. Website content is determined in accordance with the nature of the site, in the design of the site, commercial websites, popular science site, company websites, teaching and exchange websites, the content and style are different. We have established websites with the nature of these types of sites are not the same. The structure website1 site structure;2 definition of navigation;3 Visual Design;4 framework and design pages. 3 Site Design and ImplementationWith increasing demands on design, high style, high-grade design work before gaining popularity. This also to the designers have put forward higher requirements, from this point of view, the plate design is to meet the requirements of the people should be and Health. The rapid development of science and technology, the Internet into millions of households, also produced a new design space, and a new web design an important part of the field of design. Excellent web design, we must have good creative, so that the audience can be difficult to shift attention long time, produce power. Layout is very important, through text, graphics space portfolio, can best express harmony with the United States. If you want to further understand website design, made separately from other web site's homepage, you need to have more like CSS, javascript, CGI, and other web design technology. In building on the site of the CSS, javascript and other web design technology. Application Design website CSS(1)What is CSS CSS is a style sheet stylesheet technology. Some of them called CSS Cascading Stylesheet.2 the combination of CSS and HTML form. Mode 1: The CSS content, as defined in the writing between the labels. Mode 2: CSS will be preserved as a separate text file, and then from labels to call.3 CSS the web site of examples. The web site pages, and increase the following definition so that the pages show with special effects. Application Design website javascriptjavascript and the emergence of making information between users is not only a display and browse the relationship, but to achieve a real-time,dynamic, cross-expression. Thus based on the CGI static HTML pages will be to provide dynamic real-time information, and customer response to the operation of the Web pages replaced. javascript scripting is satisfy this demand arising from the language. It's loved by extensive user. Many scripting language it is in a relatively good. and effectively achieve the combination of the computer network computing and network blueprint.4 Construction on the site ExperienceWith the popularity of the Internet, more and more government departments, companies and individuals aware of the need to have their own independent Web site. Below on the design and production sites on some of their own experience. After conducting systematic analysis End, we should carry out system design. Web page design similar to the development of software design, top-down, bottom-up and continuous updating, and other design methods. The main task is to design the content of the sites, including the website information organization structure, appearance, content block, navigation and links, directory structure design. System design is the site ready before the concrete realization of the website to further the realization of more specific requirements, the overall effect on the website, local details have a clearer idea. This entire process is the key site planning.Next is how to achieve their own Web site design issues. The realization of the site, I think the need to be considered in two parts: the realization website; Web servers can be achieved. In the process of achieving website, technology selection is very important. Former major use HTML language, the stronger the interactive website, the proposed use of ASP, JSP, PHP and other programming to help achieve,the more complex Web site may also have its own database. The latter is based on all kinds of different operating systems used Web server software installation and debugging. This stage is the whole process of the most important and most time-consuming part.When we completed the work, the need for website released. At this stage of the production on the website drawing to a close, the main task is to do a good job in the website release to the network, the web site for final modifications, testing, homepage can guarantee normal operation of the network.Published in the website after website to deal with various aspects of the tests, including the possibility of any different web browsers, different visitors have shown normal, ASP, JSP, PHP normal procedure can work, and so on. This stage is the website of trial operation period,the website at this time should be to make up for various shortcomings, the website will be more perfected.After a period of operation, the site entered the normal operation period, the main task is to update outdated information website, the visitor's message timely feedback to further improve the website, the introduction of new technologies constantly update website, visit web pages more quickly, more aesthetic appearance, Information Resources richer.Above is the establishment of the station to roughly follow the seven steps, seven steps are complementary, but can be the basis of ease of website and complexity of a weakening or strengthening appropriate link. In short, building a successful web site is not an easy task, it needs all-round consideration, the Composite various factors.5 concluding remarksWith the rapid development of Internet technology, in all walks of life have joined the industry to the Internet. Whether from the management side, or from a commercial point of view, the Internet can bring immense vitality. Internet to become a talented designer Shi new world. People will continue to explore, will be the site of the building in the application of new technologies in the web site.网站建设技术1 介绍网络技术的发展,为今天全球性的信息交流与资源共享和交往提供了更多的途径和可能;足不出户便可以知晓天下大事,按几下键盘或点几下鼠标可以与远在千里之外的朋友交流,网上通信、网上浏览、网上交互、网上电子商务已成为现代人们生活的一部分;Internet 时代, 造就了人们新的工作和生活方式,其互联性、开放性和共享信息的模式,打破了传统信息传播方式的重重壁垒,为人们带来了新的机遇;随着计算机和信息时代的到来,人类社会前进的脚步在逐渐加快;近几年网页设计发展,快得让人目不暇接;随着网页设计技术的发展,丰富多彩的网页成为网上一道亮丽的风景线;要想设计美观实用的网页就应该深入掌握网站建设技术;在建立网站时,我们分析了网站建立的目的、内容、功能、结构,应用了更多的网页设计技术;2 网站的定义如何定义网站确定网站的任务和目标,是建设网站所面临的最重要的问题;为什么人们会来到你的网站你有独特的服务吗人们第一次到你的网站是为了什么他们还会再来吗这些问题都是定义网站时必须考虑的问题;要定义网站,首先,必须对整个网站有一个清晰认识,弄清到底要设计什么、主要的目的与任务、如何对任务进行组织与规划;其次,保持网站的高品质;在众多网站的激烈竞争中,高品质的产品是长期竞争的最大优势;一个优秀的网站应具备:1用户访问网站的速度要快;2注意反馈与更新;及时更新网站内容、及时反馈用户的要求; 3首页设计要合理;首页给访问者留下的第一印象很重要,设计务必精美,以求产生良好的视觉效果;网站的内容和功能在网站的内容方面,就是要做到新、快、全三面;网站内容的类型包括静态的、动态的、功能的和事物处理的;确定网站的内容是根据网站的性质决定的,在设计政府网站、商业网站、科普性网站、公司介绍网站、教学交流网站等的内容和风格时各有不同;我们建立的网站同这些类型的网站性质均不相同;网站的结构1网站的结构; 2定义导航; 3可视化设计; 4设计框架和页面;3 网站的设计与实现随着人们对设计的要求越来越高,高格调,高品位的设计作品,才深受人们的欢迎;这也就给设计者们提出了更高的要求,从这个角度说,板式设计正是满足了人们的要求应需而生;科技的飞跃发展, 让Internet 走进了千家万户,也产生出新的设计领域空间,而网页设计成为新的设计领域的重要内容;优秀的网页设计,必须有好的创意,才能使观者视线久久难移,产生震撼力;版面设计是很重要的,通过文字、图形的空间组合,能最佳的表达出和谐与美;如果想进一步认识网页设计,做出有别于一般网站的网页,就需要掌握更多像CSS 、javascript 、CGI 等网页设计技术;在网站的建设中就应用了CSS 、Javascript 等网页设计技术;应用CSS 设计网页1 什么是CSS CSS 是一种样式表stylesheet技术;也有的人称之为层叠样式表 Cascading Stylesheet;2 CSS与HTML的结合方式;方式一:将所定义的CSS内容书写在这一对标签之间;方式二:将CSS内容单独保存为一个文本文件,再由标签来调用;3 CSS在网站中的应用事例;在网站中的页面,增加了以下的定义, 使页面有特殊的显示效果;应用Javascript 设计网页Javascript的出现使得信息和用户之间不仅只是一种显示和浏览的关系,而是实现了一种实时的、动态的、可交式的表达能力;从而基于CGI静态的HTML 页面将被可提供动态实时信息,并对客户操作进行反应的Web页面的取代;Javascript脚本正是满足这种需求而产生的语言;它深受广泛用户的喜爱;它是众多脚本语言中较为优秀的一种;与的结合有效地实现了网络计算和网络计算机的蓝图;4 关于网站建设的几点体会随着Internet的普及,越来越多的政府部门、公司和个人意识到需要拥有自己的独立网站;下面就设计和制作网站谈谈自己的一些体会;在进行完系统分析之后,我们就应该进行系统的设计;网页的设计类似于软件开发的设计,有自顶向下、自底向上和不断增补等设计方法;主要任务是网页内容的设计,包括网页的信息组织结构、外观、内容分块、导航与链接、目录结构等设计;系统设计是网站具体实现前的准备,对网页的实现进一步提出更具体的要求,对网页的整体效果、局部细节有更明确的设想;这个过程是整个网站规划中的关键;接下来就是如何将自己设计的网站实现的问题;对于网站的实现,我认为需要考虑两部分:网页的实现;Web服务器的实现;在网站实现的过程中,技术选型很重要;前者主要使用HTML语言,对于交互性较强的网站来说,建议采用ASP、JSP、PHP等编程来辅助实现,更为复杂的网站可能还会有自己的数据库;后者则用到各种基于不同操作系统的Web服务器软件的安装、调试;这个阶段是整个过程中最主要也最耗时的一部分;当我们完成了上述工作后,就需要进行网页发布了;到了这个阶段,网页制作就接近尾声,主要工作是把做好的网页发布到网络上,对网页作最后的修改、测试,保证网页能在网络上正常地运行;在网页发布以后,应对网页进行各个方面各种情况的测试,包括网页能否对任何不同的浏览器、不同的访问者都表现正常,ASP、JSP、PHP程序能否正常工作等等;这个阶段是网页的试运行期,此时应把网页的各种缺陷尽量弥补,使网页更加完善;经过一段时期的运行,网站就进入了正常运行期,主要工作是及时更新网页过时的信息,及时对访问者的留言做出反馈,进一步完善网页,不断采用新的技术更新升级网页,使网页的访问更迅速,外观更美观,信息资源更丰富;以上就是建站要大体遵循的七个步骤,这七个步骤是相辅相成的,但可根据网页的难易程度和复杂度适当增强或减弱某个环节;总之,建设一个成功的网站并非一件容易的事,它需要全方位考虑,综合各方面的因素;5 结束语随着Internet技术的突飞猛进,各行各业都在加入Internet的行业中来;无论从管理方面,还是从商业角度来看,Internet都可以带来无限生机;Internet成为了一个设计人员施才华的新天地;人们将不断探索,将网站建设中的新技术应用在网站中;。
英文论文审稿意见英文版
10、严谨度问题: MNQ is easier than the primitive PNQS, how to prove that.
11、格式(重视程度): ◆In addition, the list of references is not in our style. It is close but not completely correct. I have attached a pdf file with "Instructions for Authors" which shows examples. ◆Before submitting a revision be sure that your material is properly prepared and formatted. If you are unsure, please consult the formatting nstructions to authors that are given under the "Instructions and Forms" button in he upper right-hand corner of the screen.
英文论文审稿意见汇总
1、目标和结果不清晰。 It is noted that your manuscript needs careful editing by someone with expertise in
technical English editing paying particular attention to English grammar, spelling, and sentence structure so that the goals and results of the study are clear to the reader.
审稿final verification of content -回复
审稿final verification of content -回复审稿final verification of content是指完成稿件的审定及最终确认工作。
在本文中,我们将一步一步回答这个主题,为您讲解审稿final verification of content的过程及注意事项。
1. 提交稿件首先,稿件需要被提交至编辑部,通常可以通过邮件、在线投稿系统或研究平台等方式实现。
在提交稿件之前,作者需要仔细阅读期刊的投稿须知,了解文章格式、字数限制、引文规范、参考文献格式等细节要求并遵守。
2. 分派审稿人编辑部会根据稿件的主题、研究领域等条件,分派至适合的审稿人进行专业评估。
审稿人对稿件进行匿名评审,并给出评论和建议,为稿件的最终发表起到决定性的作用。
3. 收到审稿意见审稿人通常会在一周到一个月内提交评审意见。
此时,作者需要耐心等待,并在收到意见后仔细阅读审核人的意见,并对每个意见进行回应。
如果审稿意见需要修改文章,则作者需要仔细思考并细化自己的研究成果,以便修改出更加优秀的文章。
4. 修订稿件在收到审稿意见后,作者需要对稿件进行修改和完善,以满足审稿人所提出的建议。
修改稿件时,作者需要注意不要失去自己的研究方向和主题,而是应该以审稿人的关注点为出发点,做出必要的修改。
5. 填写并签署授权书修改后的稿件需要重新提交至编辑部进行审定。
同时,作者需要填写和签署授权书,授权期刊拥有发表论文的权利。
授权书需要注明论文的原创性,并保证文章没有被发表过或正在审定中。
6. 终审及最终确认最终,编辑部需要对文章进行终审,以确保文章已经符合所有的投稿要求。
如果发现问题,可以通过邮件或电话方式与作者联系,要求作者进行必要的修改。
当所有的问题得到解决后,编辑部将会最终确认文章,并将其定稿发表。
在整个审稿final verification of content的过程中,需要注意的一些事项:- 尽可能寻找能够满足期刊的审稿要求的合适的审稿人,使审核人能够对文章进行专业评估。
浅谈中国高校英文网站建设
浅谈中国高校英文网站建设【摘要】中国高校英文网站建设在全面提高中国高校国际化水平和提升国际声誉方面发挥着重要作用。
目前中国高校英文网站存在着信息更新不及时、内容质量不高等问题。
本文分析了中国高校英文网站建设的意义、特点、发展趋势、关键因素和策略,同时探讨了未来展望、重要性与必要性,并提出了建议。
从整体来看,中国高校英文网站建设应注重迎合国际受众需求、突出学校特色和实力、提升用户体验和优化搜索引擎优化等方面。
希望通过本文的研究,能够为中国高校的英文网站建设提供一定的参考和指导,推动中国高校在国际舞台上的更好发展。
【关键词】中国高校英文网站建设、重要性、现状、问题、意义、特点、发展趋势、关键因素、策略、未来展望、必要性、建议。
1. 引言1.1 中国高校英文网站建设的重要性中国高校英文网站建设的重要性是不言而喻的。
随着中国的国际化进程不断加快,高校作为教育的重要载体,需要与国际接轨,为国际学生和学术交流提供更加便利的服务。
建设高质量的英文网站,可以提升学校的国际形象和知名度,吸引更多国际学生和学者来华学习和开展合作研究。
英文网站也是高校对外传播的重要窗口,能够更好地向世界展示学校的办学理念、师资力量、科研实力以及国际合作项目等信息,增强高校在国际教育领域的竞争力。
建设英文网站还可以促进学校内部的信息共享和交流,方便国际学生和教职员工获取学校相关信息,提高工作效率,推动学校办学水平和国际影响力的提升。
中国高校英文网站建设的重要性不可忽视,对于促进学校的国际化发展、提升学术声誉和提高国际竞争力起着至关重要的作用。
1.2 中国高校英文网站建设现状和问题目前,中国高校英文网站建设存在着一些问题和挑战。
一些高校的英文网站内容更新不及时,信息更新滞后,无法及时反映学校最新的发展动态和学术成果。
这会影响到国际学生和海外合作伙伴对学校的了解和认知。
一些高校的英文网站设计和功能不够用户友好,导航不清晰,页面加载速度慢,给用户浏览带来不便。
论文外文文献翻译流程
论文外文文献翻译流程论文外文文献翻译是研究工作中常见的一项任务,其流程可以分为以下几个步骤:1. 选择文献:首先,需要从相关学术期刊、会议论文集或其他学术资源中选择适合自己研究方向的外文文献。
在选择时,要根据研究目的和问题确定文献的质量和可靠性,以确保所选文献具有较高的学术价值。
2. 阅读理解:在开始翻译之前,要对选定的外文文献进行仔细阅读和理解。
这包括理解文献的结构和核心内容,获取对于自己研究的重要信息和观点。
3. 翻译规划:在开始翻译之前,需要制定一个翻译计划。
这包括确定翻译的时间安排、分工和所需的翻译工具,以确保翻译的高效进行。
4. 翻译过程:在翻译过程中,可以采用逐句翻译的方式,将原文逐句翻译成目标语言,注意保持原文的准确性和清晰度。
如果遇到词汇或表达不明确的地方,需要进行相关的查询和澄清。
在翻译过程中,还要注意语法和句子结构的准确性,以确保翻译的流畅度和可读性。
5. 校对修改:在完成翻译后,需要进行校对和修改。
在这个阶段,要比对原文和译文,检查译文的准确性和信息的完整性。
如果发现有任何错误或不完善之处,需要进行相应的修改和调整。
6. 审稿意见:在完成校对修改后,可以邀请一些专业人士或同行进行审稿。
他们可以对翻译的准确性和语言的表达提出宝贵的意见和建议,以进一步提高翻译质量。
7. 格式调整:在翻译完成后,需要对文献进行格式调整。
这包括调整字体、段落、标点和引用等格式,以符合目标语言的学术写作要求。
8. 最终定稿:最后一步是最终定稿,将翻译后的外文文献整理成最终的版本。
在这个阶段,要检查文献的所有细节,确保没有任何错误和遗漏。
整个外文文献翻译流程需要仔细和耐心地进行,以确保翻译的准确性和质量。
熟悉外文学术规范和术语的使用是提高翻译效果的关键。
并且,要合理利用翻译工具和辅助资源,提高翻译的效率和准确性。
最终的翻译成果将为研究工作提供重要的支持和参考。
外文文献及其翻译电子政务信息
外文文献及其翻译电子政务信息1。
政府信息化的含义?政府信息化是指:政府有效利用现代信息和通信技术,通过不同的信息服务设施,对政府的业务流程、组织结构、人员素质等诸方面进行优化、改造的过程。
2.广义和狭义的电子政务的定义?广义的电子政务是指:运用信息技术和通信技术实现党委、人大、政协、政府、司法机关、军队系统和企事业单位的行政管理活动。
(电子党务、电子人大、电子政协)狭义的电子政务是指:政府在其管理和服务职能中运用现代信息和通信技术,实现政府组织结构和工作流程的重组优化,超越时间、空间和部门分隔的制约,全方位的向社会提供优质规范、透明的服务,是政府管理手段的变革.3。
电子政务的组成部分?①:政府部门内部办公职能的电子化和网络化;②:政府职能部门之间通过计算机网络实现有权限的实时互通的信息共享;③:政府部门通过网络与公众和企业间开展双向的信息交流与策;4.理解电子政务的发展动力?①:信息技术的快速发展;②:政府自身改革与发展的需要;③:信息化、民主化的社会需求的推动;5。
电子政务的应用模式?模式有:1.政府对公务员的电子政务(G2E);2.政府间的电子政务(G2G);3。
政府对企业的电子政务(G2B);4.政府对公众的电子政务(G2C);6。
电子政务的功能?①:提高工作效率,降低办公成本;②:加快部门整合,堵塞监管漏洞;③:提高服务水平,便于公众的监督;④:带动社会信息化发展;7.我国电子政务发展存在的主要问题?①:政府公务员与社会公众对电子政务的认识不足;②:电子政务发展缺乏整体规划和统一性标准;③:电子政务管理体制改革远未到位;④:电子政务整体应用水平还较低;⑤:政府公务员的素质有待提高;⑥:电子政务立法滞后;⑦:对电子政务安全问题缺乏正确认识;8。
政府创新的含义和内容?含义:是指各级政府为适应公共管理与行政环境的需要,与时俱进的转变观念与职能,探索新的行政方法与途径,形成新的组织结构、业务流程和行政规范,全面提高行政效率,更好的履行行政职责的实践途径。
外文检索情况汇报范文模板
外文检索情况汇报范文模板近期,我对外文检索情况进行了详细的调研和分析,以下是我的汇报:首先,我对外文检索的目的进行了明确,明确了需要获取的外文文献的主题范围和关键词,以便更加精准地进行检索。
在确定了检索范围和关键词后,我选择了多种外文文献数据库进行检索,包括但不限于Google Scholar、PubMed、ScienceDirect等知名数据库,以确保获取全面的信息。
在检索过程中,我充分利用了数据库的高级检索功能,采用了多种检索策略,包括关键词组合、文献类型、时间范围等,以确保检索结果的准确性和全面性。
同时,我还结合了文献的引用关系和相关性进行了交叉检索,以获取更多相关的文献信息。
在检索结果的筛选过程中,我严格按照预先确定的纳入和排除标准进行了文献的筛选,确保了最终纳入研究的文献的质量和可靠性。
同时,我还对文献的作者、期刊、发表时间等进行了仔细的核实和比对,以确保文献的来源和权威性。
在获取了相关文献后,我进行了全面的文献阅读和分析,对文献的内容和观点进行了梳理和总结。
同时,我还对文献中提到的相关研究和观点进行了进一步的检索和获取,以补充和丰富我的研究内容。
在整理和汇总检索结果的过程中,我对文献的内容和观点进行了系统性的整合和归纳,形成了清晰的思维导图和逻辑框架,为后续研究和写作提供了有力的支持和参考。
综上所述,通过对外文检索的认真调研和分析,我获取了丰富的外文文献资源,并对文献内容进行了全面的梳理和总结,为我的研究工作提供了重要的支持和参考。
同时,我也将继续关注外文文献数据库的更新和动态,不断完善和丰富我的研究内容,为科研工作的顺利进行提供持续的支持和保障。
希望我的汇报能够对大家的工作和研究有所帮助,也欢迎大家对我的汇报内容进行进一步的讨论和交流。
感谢大家的聆听,谢谢!。
如何做文献阅读汇报?终审稿)
如何做文献阅读汇报?文稿归稿存档编号:[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-1 我感觉文献汇报的难点不在于汇报,在于对文献的认识。
文献的认识包括两个层面。
第一,文献到底是干什么第二,这篇文献到底是干什么的2 从题主的这个问题描述中可以看出,题主是一个已经具备一定科研素养的研究生了。
首先分类了大类,比如题主所讲的实证类,教育类。
以及说明了重点:国外,研究过程。
所以对于第一个问题应该不需要多说。
只是补充一点,不管是教育医学类、生物化学材料类、数学物理类、电子电气计算机类等。
文献都可以分为:案例类(个案与大量统计)分析;方法、材料、元件、算法、模型设计类;机理、现象、规律、理论解析类。
在这个分类基础上,我们常说的文献作用——共享知识,贡献知识的宏观愿景可以细分为:侧重于数据的分析,挖掘内在的机理与规律;侧重于方法的创新,提供更高效的工具和材料;侧重于机理的探索,发现新的现象与理论。
那么题主的问题可以归纳到第一点。
而这也就解决了我们的第一个问题。
3对于第二个问题,手上的这三五篇文献到底讲什么?其实也就几个问题,小学写作常常问道的问题。
(1)什么时候——文献的时代范围,什么时候发表。
(2)谁——文献的作者是谁有哪些背景文献的研究对象是什么(3)干了什么——做了什么样的研究,怎么做的,结果是什么可能题主是想问这个吧,最简单的方法就是看Introduction部分,以及看看分段。
对于不同类型的期刊,有不同类型的文献。
IEEE系列的Introduction 部分最后,往往都有一个自然段讲。
而采用结构性摘要的文献中,摘要就一目了然。
(4)结果怎么样——就是有什么结论。
比如:发现了一个新特点、规律;有一个新的方法等。
当然,文献肯定还是不同于一般写作。
需要思辨。
那就是两点:(5)为什么要这么干——关系到研究的背景和研究的动力。
(关键问题,因为不是所有的问题都值得研究)(6)文献是否有不足,又有什么优点。
网站服务协议终审稿
网站服务协议终审稿本文共计1500字一、引言本网站服务协议(以下简称“协议”)适用于您使用本网站(以下简称“网站”)所提供的各项服务。
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网络工程中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文对照外文翻译(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)目录1 对象的创建和存在时间 (1)1.1 对象的创建及破坏方式 (1)1.2 内存池中动态创建对象 (1)1.3 对象的生命周期 (1)1.4 其它内容 (2)1.4.1 集合与继承器 (2)1.4.2 单根结构 (4)1.4.3 集合库与方便使用集合 (5)2Object landscapes and lifetimes (7)2.1objects created and destroyed (7)2.2objects created dynamically (7)2.3Objects’ Lifetime (8)2.4Other section (8)2.4.1 Collections and iterators (8)2.4.2 The singly rooted hierarchy (10)2.4.3 Collection libraries and support for easy collection use (11)1对象的创建和存在时间从技术角度说,OOP(面向对象程序设计)只是涉及抽象的数据类型、继承以及多形性,但另一些问题也可能显得非常重要。
本节将就这些问题进行探讨。
1.1对象的创建及破坏方式对象需要的数据位于哪儿,如何控制对象的“存在时间”呢?针对这个问题,解决的方案是各异其趣的。
C++认为程序的执行效率是最重要的一个问题,所以它允许程序员作出选择。
为获得最快的运行速度,存储以及存在时间可在编写程序时决定,只需将对象放置在堆栈(有时也叫作自动或定域变量)或者静态存储区域即可。
这样便为存储空间的分配和释放提供了一个优先级。
某些情况下,这种优先级的控制是非常有价值的。
然而,我们同时也牺牲了灵活性,因为在编写程序时,必须知道对象的准确的数量、存在时间、以及类型。
如果要解决的是一个较常规的问题,如计算机辅助设计、仓储管理或者空中交通控制,这一方法就显得太局限了。
期刊网站建设
期刊网站建设在现在的网络时代,一个期刊如果没有自己的独立网站是不可想象的,就象人们常说的: Online or dead。
北京玛格泰克公司的网站建设系统将为期刊建立一个个性化的中英文对照的期刊门户网站,包括期刊介绍等基本信息,以及在线留言、新闻发布,访问追踪等功能,是期刊在Internet世界中的基本立足点。
具有全球性、开放性、交互性、及时性和综合性等特点的互联网带给科技期刊的是一种全新的出版模式和信息交流模式,期刊网站建设得如何对科技期刊的生存与发展所起的作用必将愈来愈不可忽视。
一个完善的期刊网站上的内容和功能一般包括以下4部分:(1)提供有关期刊的各种信息。
核心信息一般应包括:期刊办刊宗旨和刊登内容等期刊基本信息,编委会成员名单,投稿要求,与作者的版权转让协议,期刊订阅办法,编辑部联系方式;外延信息可包括:被数据库收录情况,审稿人名单,获奖情况,广告征集,编辑部成员介绍,期刊信息动态,友情链接,规章制度等。
(2)提供期刊内容。
包括目录、摘要、全文——由目录到全文是期刊网站免费揭示期刊内容由浅至深的3个层次。
这部分内容集成Magtech网刊发布与管理系统。
(3)在线互动功能。
核心功能一般应包括在线投稿、在线审稿、在线查稿等功能;外延功能可包括在线订阅、在线远程编辑、读者反馈等功能。
这部分内容集成Magtech稿件远程处理系统。
(4)服务功能。
核心功能一般应包括期刊内容的检索功能和速报(Alert)功能;外延功能可包括读者信箱、阅读软件下载等。
这些功能集成在Magtech网刊发布与管理系统。
Magtech期刊网站系统功能介绍该系统将根据编辑部的要求,为刊物建设一个个性化的、能代表刊物定位、品味和特色的门户网站。
一般情况下,该网站将包括以下栏目和功能:期刊介绍性信息:包括期刊介绍(About Journal)、出版范围(Aims and Scopes)、刊物历史(Journal History)、编委会(Editorial Board)等,其中编委会名单中可以单独链接一个编委介绍;联系我们(Contact Us)。
遂宁双语网站建设方案
遂宁双语网站建设方案1. 简介遂宁作为一个发展迅速的城市,吸引了越来越多的外国企业和人才前来发展。
为了提高遂宁的国际化形象和吸引更多外国人来遂宁工作和生活,建设一个双语网站是十分必要的。
本文将提出一个遂宁双语网站建设方案,包括网站设计和内容管理等方面。
2. 网站设计2.1 功能需求2.1.1 双语版本切换功能网站需要提供中英文版本切换功能,让用户方便地切换网站语言,以满足不同用户的需求。
2.1.2 在线翻译功能为了方便外国人了解遂宁,网站需要提供在线翻译功能,让外国人可以即时翻译网站的内容。
2.1.3 信息展示功能网站需要展示遂宁的基本信息,包括地理位置、交通、旅游景点、人文历史等内容,以提供给外国人详细了解遂宁的资料。
2.1.4 合作机会展示功能网站需要展示遂宁的经济发展情况和商业机会,以吸引外国企业前来合作。
2.2 技术选型与架构2.2.1 前端技术选型网站前端可以采用React.js框架进行开发,以实现数据的动态渲染和前端页面的交互效果。
2.2.2 后端技术选型网站后端可以采用Node.js和Express框架进行开发,以实现后台数据处理和与前端的数据交互。
2.2.3 数据库选型网站的数据可以采用MongoDB作为数据库,以存储网站的内容和用户信息。
2.2.4 云服务部署网站可以选择部署在云服务提供商的平台上,如AWS、Azure或阿里云,以提供高可用性和稳定的服务。
2.3 用户界面设计网站的用户界面应简洁明了,符合国际化的设计风格。
颜色搭配要合理,文字大小要适中,以确保用户易于阅读和使用。
3. 内容管理3.1 内容分类网站的内容可以分为以下几个分类:3.1.1 地理位置介绍遂宁的地理位置和周边环境,包括遂宁的经纬度、气候和自然环境等。
3.1.2 交通介绍遂宁的交通情况,包括公路、铁路、航空等各种交通方式,以及遂宁与其他城市的连接情况。
3.1.3 旅游景点介绍遂宁的旅游景点,包括名胜古迹、自然风光等,以吸引外国游客前来观光和旅游。
审稿final verification of content
审稿final verification of content审稿最终内容验证,具体流程和注意事项。
写作要点:1. 引言:介绍审稿的背景和重要性。
2. 设立审稿流程:列出审稿流程的步骤。
3. 阐述审稿流程的每一步:详细阐述每个步骤的目的和执行方式。
4. 强调审稿员应注意的事项。
5. 结束语:总结审稿流程的重要性和对研究界的影响。
以下是详细文章。
审稿最终内容验证的实施和具体流程对于科学研究和学术界的重要性不容忽视。
这个过程确保了学术成果的可靠性和准确性,提高了论文的质量,为进一步推动研究做出了重要的贡献。
本文将一步一步回答审稿最终内容验证的流程和注意事项。
首先,设立一个严谨而系统的审稿流程至关重要。
审稿的流程应该清楚而有序,以确保文献的质量和可信性。
以下是一个常见的审稿流程的步骤,包括提交审稿、初步筛选、主要审稿、修改及回复意见、最终评估和录用等。
在提交审稿阶段,研究人员将他们的论文发送给期刊或会议,以寻求刊登或发表的机会。
在初步筛选阶段,审稿员将对所有提交的论文进行快速审查,以确定是否与刊物的范围和标准相符。
在这个阶段,审稿员会按照一些明确的准则对论文进行排除或接受,并且向作者反馈初步审稿结果。
接下来的主要审稿阶段是审稿的核心部分。
审稿员将对通过初步筛选的论文进行详细审查,包括评估研究方法、数据分析、结果和讨论等方面的可信度和严谨性。
这个阶段的审稿员需要具备相应领域的专业知识和经验,以确保对论文进行深入、全面的评估。
在审稿过程中,审稿员还应该对论文的结构和写作风格进行评价。
语言的清晰性和准确性,以及参考文献的全面性和正确性,都是评估论文质量的关键因素。
在这个阶段,审稿员应该提供详细和有意义的反馈意见,以帮助作者改进论文并提高其可读性和可理解性。
修改及回复意见阶段是一个交流和协商的过程。
作者将根据审稿员的反馈意见对论文进行修改,以解决审稿员们提出的问题并改善内容。
在这个过程中,审稿员可以要求作者进行进一步的实验或分析,以验证和支持他们的结论和推论。
文献综述,外文翻译,论文网站
文献综述,外文翻译,论文网站目录一、网站概述 (2)1.1 网站背景 (3)1.2 网站目的与意义 (3)二、网站结构与功能 (5)2.1 网站结构 (6)2.1.1 首页设计 (7)2.1.2 栏目设置 (8)2.1.3 搜索功能 (9)2.2 网站功能特点 (10)2.2.1 文献浏览功能 (11)2.2.2 文献翻译功能 (12)2.2.3 文献下载与分享功能 (13)三、外文文献综述内容分析 (15)3.1 综述目的和范围 (16)3.2 外文文献来源及筛选标准 (17)3.2.1 文献来源 (18)3.2.2 筛选标准与方法 (19)3.3 外文文献的主要内容及观点 (21)3.3.1 某一领域的研究现状 (22)3.3.2 不同观点的碰撞与融合 (23)四、外文文献翻译质量分析 (24)4.1 翻译团队介绍及翻译标准 (26)4.1.1 专业翻译团队组成 (26)4.1.2 翻译质量标准与流程 (27)4.2 翻译错误类型及纠正方法 (28)4.2.1 常见翻译错误类型 (29)4.2.2 翻译错误的纠正方法 (31)五、网站的用户群体与使用效果分析 (32)一、网站概述在当今全球化的学术研究领域,信息的交流与传播至关重要。
为了满足学者们对国外文献的需求,促进国际学术研究的深入发展,我们精心搭建了一个综合性的“文献综述外文翻译论文网站”。
该网站致力于提供一个便捷、高效的平台,使用户能够轻松获取并翻译最新的国外学术文献,从而提升自身的研究水平和国际影响力。
本网站不仅收录了海量的英文原版文献,还提供了精准的翻译服务。
我们的专业翻译团队由经验丰富的译员组成,他们精通多种语言,能够确保翻译的准确性和地道性。
我们还利用先进的文本处理技术,实现了文献的自动分类、检索和下载功能,大大提高了用户的阅读体验。
本网站还设有专业的文献综述栏目,为用户提供系统、全面的文献综述指导和分析。
通过对比不同文献的观点和方法,用户可以更加深入地了解研究领域的最新动态和趋势,为自己的研究工作提供有力的理论支撑。
网站设计英文参考文献(专业推荐112个)
网站是各大领域对自己得主要理念以及产品等进行宣传得一个主要场地,做好网站页面表现层得结构设计对于网络安全性得维护十分重要,因此也得到了各个领域得广泛重视。
下面是为大家带来得网站设计英文参考文献得介绍,以供学习借鉴。
网站设计英文参考文献一:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------感谢使用本套资料,希望本套资料能带给您一些思维上的灵感和帮助,个人建议您可根据实际情况对内容做适当修改和调整,以符合您自己的风格,不太建议完全照抄照搬哦。
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网站建设外文文献翻译文稿归稿存档编号:[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-On site construction technology1 IntroductionThe development of network technology for today's global information exchange and sharing funding source in the establishment of contacts andprovide more channels and possible. Homes will be known world affairs, according few keyboard or a few mouse clicks can be distant friends thousandsof miles away exchanges, and online communications, Internet browsing, on-line interactive, e-commerce has become a modern part of people's lives. Internet era, has created the new people's work and lifestyle, the Internet, openness and sharing of information model, breaking the traditional mode of information dissemination many barriers for people with new opportunities. With computers and the advent of the information age, the pace of the advance of humansociety in gradually accelerated. In recent years the development of web design, fast people occupied.With the development of web design, a colorful online website together one scenic beauty. To design aesthetic and practical web site should be thoroughly master the building techniques. In building site, we analyzed the websites of objectives, contents, functions, structure, the application of more web design technology. 2 the definition of websit 2.1 How definition of websites Web site identified the tasks and objectives, the building site is the most important issue. Why people will come to your website You have a uniqueservice The first people to your website is to what They will come back All these issues must be taken into account when the site definition of the problem. Definition site to, first of all, the entire site must have a clear understanding of what the design should understand in the end, the mainpurpose of the mission, how to carry out the task of organization and planning. Second, to maintain the high-quality Web site. Many websites in the face of strong competition from high-quality product is the greatest long-term competitive advantage. An excellent Web site should have the following:(1) users visit Web site is faster.(2) attention to the feedback and updates. To update the content of the website and timely feedback the user's requirements;(3) Home design to be reasonable. Home to the first impression left by visitors is important, the design must be attractive in order to have a good visual effect. 2.2 The contents of the website and functionThe content of the web site is to be a new, fast, all three sides. The content of the website, including the type of static, dynamic, functional andthings to deal with. Website content is determined in accordance with the nature of the site, in the design of the site, commercial websites, popular science site, company websites, teaching and exchange websites, the content and style are different. We have established websites with the nature of these types of sites are not the same. 2.3 The structure website(1) site structure;(2) definition of navigation; (3) Visual Design;(4) framework and design pages. 3 Site Design and ImplementationWith increasing demands on design, high style, high-grade design work before gaining popularity. This also to the designers have put forward higher requirements, from this point of view, the plate design is to meet the requirements of the people should be and Health. The rapid development of science and technology, the Internet into millions of households, also produced a new design space, and a new web design an important part of the field of design. Excellent web design, we must have good creative, so that the audience can be difficult to shift attention long time, produce power. Layout is very important, through text, graphics space portfolio, can best express harmony with the United States. If you want to further understand website design, made separately from other web site's homepage, you need to have more like CSS, javascript, CGI, and other web design technology. In building on the site of the CSS, javascript and other web design technology. 3.1 Application Design website CSS(1)What is CSS CSS is a style sheet (stylesheet) technology. Some of them called CSS (Cascading Stylesheet).(2) the combination of CSS and HTML form. Mode 1: The CSS content, as defined in the writing between the labels. Mode 2: CSS will be preserved as a separate text file, and then from labels to call.(3) CSS the web site of examples. The web site pages, and increase the following definition so that the pages show with special effects. 3.2 Application Design website javascriptjavascript and the emergence of making information between users is not only a display and browse the relationship, but to achieve a real-time, dynamic, cross-expression. Thus based on the CGI static HTML pages will be to provide dynamic real-time information, and customer response to the operation of the Web pages replaced. javascript scripting is satisfy this demand arising from the language. It's loved by extensive user. Many scripting language it is in a relatively good. WWW and effectively achieve the combination of the computer network computing and network blueprint.4 Construction on the site ExperienceWith the popularity of the Internet, more and more government departments, companies and individuals aware of the need to have their own independent Web site. Below on the design and production sites on some of their own experience. After conducting systematic analysis End, we should carry out system design. Web page design similar to the development of software design, top-down,bottom-up and continuous updating, and other design methods. The main task isto design the content of the sites, including the website information organization structure, appearance, content block, navigation and links, directory structure design. System design is the site ready before theconcrete realization of the website to further the realization of morespecific requirements, the overall effect on the website, local details have a clearer idea. This entire process is the key site planning.Next is how to achieve their own Web site design issues. The realization of the site, I think the need to be considered in two parts: the realization website; Web servers can be achieved. In the process of achieving website, technology selection is very important. Former major use HTML language, the stronger the interactive website, the proposed use of ASP, JSP, PHP and other programming to help achieve,the more complex Web site may also have its own database. The latter is based on all kinds of different operating systems used Web server software installation and debugging. This stage is the wholeprocess of the most important and most time-consuming part.When we completed the work, the need for website released. At this stage of the production on the website drawing to a close, the main task is to do agood job in the website release to the network, the web site for final modifications, testing, homepage can guarantee normal operation of the network.Published in the website after website to deal with various aspects of the tests, including the possibility of any different web browsers, different visitors have shown normal, ASP, JSP, PHP normal procedure can work, and so on. This stage is the website of trial operation period, the website at this time should be to make up for various shortcomings, the website will be more perfected.After a period of operation, the site entered the normal operation period, the main task is to update outdated information website, the visitor's message timely feedback to further improve the website, the introduction of new technologies constantly update website, visit web pages more quickly, more aesthetic appearance, Information Resources richer.Above is the establishment of the station to roughly follow the seven steps, seven steps are complementary, but can be the basis of ease of website and complexity of a weakening or strengthening appropriate link. In short,building a successful web site is not an easy task, it needs all-round consideration, the Composite various factors.5 concluding remarksWith the rapid development of Internet technology, in all walks of life have joined the industry to the Internet. Whether from the management side, or from a commercial point of view, the Internet can bring immense vitality. Internet to become a talented designer Shi new world. People will continue to explore, will be the site of the building in the application of new technologies in the web site.网站建设技术1 介绍网络技术的发展,为今天全球性的信息交流与资源共享和交往提供了更多的途径和可能。