高考英语 专题总复习(2)“名从”和“定从”真题解析

2012届高考英语专题总复习（2）：“名从”和“定从”真题解析

定语从句

1.（2011·天津卷）10. The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.

A. when

B. that

C. where

D. which

答案与解析：A。句意：体力是你赖以生存的唯一手段的日子一去不复返了。本题考查定语从句。句中days是定语从句的先行词，其替代词在从句中又充当时间状语，故用when 引导定语从句。此定语从句是分隔式定语从句，从句与先行词因某种特殊的需要被句子其他成分隔开了。

2.（2011·江西卷）34.She showed he visitors around the museum, the construction______ has taken more than three years.

A. for which

B. with which

C. of which

D. to which

答案与解析：C。先行词为museum，在从句中充当定语，博物馆的建造工程花费了超过三年的时间介词用of。选C。

3.（2011·四川卷）17.The school shop, __________customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays.

A. which

B. whose

C. when

D. where

答案与解析：B。句中先行词为the school shop,它与定语从句的主语customers存在所属关系，故用关系词whose引导定语从句作定语。句意：学校的商店，其主要顾客是学生，因此在假期暂停营业。

4.（2011·北京卷）26. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, of course, made all the others upset.

A. who

B. which

C. what

D. that

答案与解析：B。考查非限定性定语从句。逗号后的非限定性定语从句中缺少主语，选择which。

5.（2011·陕西卷）11.I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, __________we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake

A. which

B. where

C. who

D. that

答案与解析：B。句意：我和我的朋友们走到山顶，在那里我们观赏到湖的美景。根据句意可知，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。

6.（2011·全国II）

7. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _____ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.

A. this

B. that

C. what

D. which

答案与解析：D。分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，排除A，B，C；本句为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which在句中充当主语。

7.（2011·江苏卷）24．Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, __________ the audience can buy ice-cream.

A. when

B. where

C. that

D. which

答案与解析：A。考查定语从句。句意：音乐会的两部分中间有幕间休息时间，在这段时间里观众可以去买冰激凌。When引导的定语从句修饰an interval，when在从句中作时间状语。

8.（2011·全国新课标卷）31．The prize will go to the writer __________story shows the most imagination.

A. that

B. which

C. whose

D. what

答案与解析：C。此题考查定语从句的引导词。翻译为“这个奖项将颁给这位故事充满想象力的作家”story shows the most imagination修饰先行词writer。而先行词writer 和story有所属关系，所以用whose表示作者的故事。

9.（2011·浙江卷）8.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of____ uses it somewhat differently.

A. which

B. what

C. them

D. those

答案与解析：A。本句中的先行词是several diverse cultures，先行词在从句中做each of的宾语，应该用关系代词which。

10.（2011·浙江卷）10.A bank is the place ____they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.

A. when

B. that

C. where

D. there

答案与解析：C。本句的先行词是place，先行词在定语从句中做地点状语，应该用关系副词where。

11.（2011·湖南卷）25.Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ____ she spoke fluently.

A．who B．whom C．which D．that

答案与解析：C。本题考查定语从句中复合关系代词的用法。介词后只能使用的关系代词是which, who, whose, 因为句子中关系词指代是语言，故选C；

12.（2011·安徽卷）28. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks.

A. when

B. which

C. where

D. while

答案与解析：C。句意：无论剩下什么东西，都可以放入冰箱中，在那儿可以保存两三个星期。“_____ it will keep for two or three weeks.”为定语从句，先行词在从句中充当地点状语，选where。

13.（2011·山东卷）32.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other.

A. they

B. where

C. what

D. that

答案与解析：D。考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。此处表示建造得很近的街道和房屋，且空格前有名词，故排除考查名从的可能性，此题考查定语从句，空格之后缺少主语，故需选择引导定语从句的关系代词，A不能引导定从，B是关系副词，C用来引导名词性从句，故答案应为D。

14.（2011·福建卷）24. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ____ allows them to communicate freely with each other.

A. which

B. where

C. what

D. who

答案与解析：A。分析句子成分可知，an atmosphere与修饰它的定语从句被for her students隔开，并且从句缺主语，故用which。

名词性从句

1.（2011·天津卷）13. Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases.

A. what

B. which

C. that

D. where

答案与解析：C。本题考查名词性从句中同位语从句的用法。答题的难度在于是否能准确判断从句语意的完整性及其所需补充的句意。句意：现代科学对于吸烟能导致多种疾病已经给出了明确的证据。这是一个主从复合句，evidence后的从句是evidence的同位语，对