参考答案与解析2

合集下载

2023年考研英语二真题试卷+参考答案及解析【详细版】

2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试（英语二）参考答案及解析Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishHere’s a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today: you’re the CEO of a small business and though you're making a nice 1 , you need to find a way to take it to the next level. what you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team. A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow.Let's look at a real-world 4 . Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees.Working in the 5 departments of engineering, marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product. And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.Things changed, 8 , when an innovative project marketing manager came aboard, 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the 11 of upgrades wasn't due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered.Armed with this 12 , the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users of the free version. 14 ,upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent.But in order for your growth, team to succeed, it needs to a have a strong leader. It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement.This leader will 16 the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the 17 of these goals. This growth leader is also 18 for keeping the team focus on moving forward and steer them clear of distractions. 19 attractive, new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas don’t 20 the current goal and need to be put on the back burner.1.A. purchase B. profit C. connection D. bet2.A. define B. predict C. prioritize D. appreciate3.A. exclusively B. temporarily C. potentially D. initially4.A. experiment B. proposal C. debate D. example5.A. identical B. marginal C. provisional D. traditional6.A. rumor B. secret C. myth D. problem7.A. despite B. unlike C. through D. besides8.A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. again9.A. inspected B. created C. expanded D. reformed10.A.cultural B. objective C. fresh D. personal11.A. end B. burden C. lack D. decrease12.A. policy B. suggestion C. purpose D. insight13.A. contributing B. allocating C. promoting D. transferring14.A. As a result B. At any rate C. By the way D. In a sense15.A. unite B. finance C. follow D. choose16.A. share B. identify C. divide D. broaden17.A. announcement B. assessment C. adjustment D. accomplishment18.A. famous B. responsible C. available D. respectable19.A. Before B. Once C. While D. Unless20.A. serve B. limit C. summarize D. alter【1】B. profit 原文提到“小公司的CEO也挣到了大钱”。

材料化学第二章习题参考答案与解析

第二章参考答案1.原子间的结合键共有几种？各自特点如何？2.为什么可将金属单质的结构问题归结为等径圆球的密堆积问题?答:金属晶体中金属原子之间形成的金属键即无饱和性又无方向性, 其离域电子为所有原子共有,自由流动,因此整个金属单质可看成是同种元素金属正离子周期性排列而成,这些正离子的最外层电子结构都是全充满或半充满状态,电子分布基本上是球形对称,由于同种元素的原子半径都相等,因此可看成是等径圆球。

又因金属键无饱和性和方向性, 为使体系能量最低，金属原子在组成晶体时总是趋向形成密堆积结构,其特点是堆积密度大,配位数高,因此金属单质的结构问题归结为等径圆球的密堆积问题.3.计算体心立方结构和六方密堆结构的堆积系数。

(1) 体心立方 a ：晶格单位长度 R ：原子半径a 34R = 34R a =，n=2, ∴68.0)3/4()3/4(2)3/4(23333===R R a R bccππζ (2)六方密堆 n=64. 试确定简单立方、体心立方和面心立方结构中原子半径和点阵参数之间的关系。

解：简单立方、体心立方和面心立方结构均属立方晶系，点阵参数或晶格参数关系为90,=====γβαc b a ，因此只求出a 值即可。

对于（1）fcc(面心立方)有a R 24=, 24R a =， 90,=====γβαc b a(2) bcc 体心立方有：a 34R = 34R a =； 90,=====γβαc b a(3) 简单立方有：R a 2=， 90,=====γβαc b a74.0)3(3812)3/4(6)2321(6)3/4(633hcp =⋅=⋅R R R R a a c R ππξ＝R a a c 238==5. 金属铷为A2型结构，Rb 的原子半径为0.2468 nm ，密度为1.53g·cm-3，试求：晶格参数a 和Rb 的相对原子质量。

解：AabcN nM=ρ 其中, ρ为密度, c b a 、、为晶格常数, 晶胞体积abc V =，N A 为阿伏加德罗常数6.022×1023 mol -1，M 为原子量或分子量，n 为晶胞中分子个数，对于金属则上述公式中的M 为金属原子的原子量，n 为晶胞中原子的个数。

建设项目施工阶段合同价款的调整和结算重点真题习题答案解析2

第五章建设项目施工阶段合同价款的调整和结算（五）计日工1.计日工费用的产生■发包人通知的零星工作，承包人应予执行■采用计日工计价的任何一项变更工作，承包人应在该项变更的实施过程中，按合同约定向发包人提交以下内容复核：（1）工作名称、内容和数量；（2）投入该工作所有人员的姓名、工种、级别和耗用工时；（3）投入该工作的材料名称、类别和数量；（4）投入该工作的施工设备型号、台数和耗用台时；（5）发包人要求提交的其他资料和凭证。

2.计日工费用的确认和支付■计算：签证报告核实的数量×已标价清单中的计日工单价■没有该类计日工单价的，由发承包双方按变更商定■列入进度款支付。

【2018年·单选】关于计日工费用的确认和支付，下列说法正确的是（）。

A.承包人应按照确认的计日工现场签证报告提出计日工项目的数量B.发包人应根据已标价工程量清单中的工程数量和计日工单价确定应付价款C.已标价工程量清单中没有计日工单价的，由发包人确定价格D.已标价工程量清单中没有计日工单价的，由承包人确定价格『正确答案』A『答案解析』本题考查的是工程变更类合同价款调整事项。

选项B，计算：签证报告核实的数量×已标价清单中的计日工单价；选项CD，没有该类计日工单价的，由发承包双方按变更商定。

【2016年·单选】根据《建设工程量清单计价规范》（GB 50500-2013），下列关于计日工的说法中正确的是（）。

（2013年相同考点）A.招标工程量清单计日工数量为暂定，计日工费不计入投标总价B.发包人通知承包人以计日工方式实施的零星工作，承包人可以视情况决定是否执行C.计日工表的费用项目包括人工费、材料费、施工机具使用费、企业管理费和利润D.计日工金额不列入期中支付，在竣工结算时一并支付『正确答案』C『答案解析』本题考查的是工程变更类合同价款调整事项。

选项A，计日工费计入投标总价；选项B，发包人通知的零星工作，承包人应予执行；选项D，列入进度款支付。

2006年考研英语答案解析和参考译文（二）

SectionⅠUse of English 篇章导读本⽂是⼀篇论说⽂。

⽂章的主题是“英才通才教育”。

作者在⽂章开头就提出了⼀个具有选择性的问题：“如果我们只是需要决定是把基本的科学传授给每个⼈，还是找⼀些有才华的⼈，引领他们变得更出⾊，那么我们的⼯作将会相当容易。

”随后作者从“the education in public school， the balance among the branches of knowledge and the balance between current and classical knowledge”三个⽅⾯来论述在教育中保持知识平衡的重要性。

解读⽂章时注意作者的客观态度。

思路解析 1「答案」[C] 「解析」“选择”。

根据⽂章⼀致性原则，“choice”与⽂章第⼀句中的“decide决定”形成呼应，根据原⽂“decide whether……or……”所以下⽂就应该是对其有所“选择choice”或没有“选择choice”。

⽽选项[A]“（与属性区别的）本质：the entity of justice正义的本质”，[B]“拍卖；（某些纸牌戏中的）叫牌；叫牌阶段”，[D]“结合体，联合；（政党、个⼈、国家等）临时结成的联盟”是本题的⼲扰，均不形成呼应，不符合题意。

2「答案」[D] 「解析」“因为”。

“for”与⽂章第⼀段第三句中的“Because we depend……”构成搭配，均表⽰解释原因。

⽽选项[A][B][C]均不⽤于解释原因，不符合原⽂意思。

3「答案」[D] 「解析」“坚持下去；继续下去”。

“carry on”与原⽂中的“at the same time同时”是⼀种搭配，⽽且根据原⽂意思：“由于这种⼯作必须同时继续下去”，所以选择“carry on”。

⽽选项[A]“carry off拿⾛，搬⾛；抓⾛；夺⾛；致……死亡”，[B]“carry forward 推进，使前进”，[C]“carry away拿⾛，搬⾛；抢⾛；冲⾛，卷⾛；使激动⽽失去⾃制⼒；吸引住”均不符合题意。

高电压技术(第三版)课后习题集答案解析2教学内容

学习资料第一章作业1-1解释下列术语（1）气体中的自持放电；（2）电负性气体；（3）放电时延；（4）50%冲击放电电压；（5）爬电比距。

答：（1）气体中的自持放电：当外加电场足够强时，即使除去外界电离因子，气体中的放电仍然能够维持的现象；（2）电负性气体：电子与某些气体分子碰撞时易于产生负离子，这样的气体分子组成的气体称为电负性气体；（3）放电时延：能引起电子崩并最终导致间隙击穿的电子称为有效电子，从电压上升到静态击穿电压开始到出现第一个有效电子所需的时间称为统计时延，出现有效电子到间隙击穿所需的时间称为放电形成时延，二者之和称为放电时延；（4）50%冲击放电电压：使间隙击穿概率为50%的冲击电压，也称为50%冲击击穿电压；（5）爬电比距：爬电距离指两电极间的沿面最短距离，其与所加电压的比值称为爬电比距，表示外绝缘的绝缘水平，单位cm/kV。

1-2汤逊理论与流注理论对气体放电过程和自持放电条件的观点有何不同？这两种理论各适用于何种场合？答：汤逊理论认为电子碰撞电离是气体放电的主要原因，二次电子来源于正离子撞击阴极使阴极表面逸出电子，逸出电子是维持气体放电的必要条件。

所逸出的电子能否接替起始电子的作用是自持放电的判据。

流注理论认为形成流注的必要条件是电子崩发展到足够的程度后，电子崩中的空间电荷足以使原电场明显畸，流注理论认为二次电子的主要来源是空间的光电离。

汤逊理论的适用范围是短间隙、低气压气隙的放电；流注理论适用于高气压、长间隙电场气隙放电。

1-3在一极间距离为1cm的均匀电场电场气隙中，电子碰撞电离系数α=11cm-1。

今有一初始电子从阴极表面出发，求到达阳极的电子崩中的电子数目。

解：到达阳极的电子崩中的电子数目为n a= eαd= e11⨯1=59874答：到达阳极的电子崩中的电子数目为59874个。

1-5近似估算标准大气条件下半径分别为1cm 和1mm 的光滑导线的电晕起始场强。

解：对半径为1cm 的导线）（）（cm m c /kV 39113.011130)r δ0.3δ(130E =⨯+⨯⨯⨯=+=对半径为1mm 的导线)/(5.58)11.03.01(1130E cm kV c =⨯+⨯⨯⨯=答：半径1cm 导线起晕场强为39kV/cm ，半径1mm 导线起晕场强为58.5kV/cm1-10 简述绝缘污闪的发展机理和防止对策。

学术道德和学术规范方案测试题(卷)与答案解析-2

D.学术共同体参考答案：A13.“______ ”通常指人们在一定情况下应该遵守的由权威部门制定的或约定俗成的行为准则、标准和规定等，介于法律和道德之间。

A.准则B.法规C.规则D.规范参考答案： D14.同行评议是 _____的重要组成部分。

A.资格审查B.评优D.学术共同体参考答案：A13.“______ ”通常指人们在一定情况下应该遵守的由权威部门制定的或约定俗成的行为准则、标准和规定等，介于法律和道德之间。

A.准则B.法规C.规则D.规范参考答案： D14.同行评议是 _____的重要组成部分。

2022下保教知识与能力模拟卷(二)参考答案及解析

全国教师资格考试市场模拟卷（二）保教知识与能力参考答案及解析一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）1.【答案】C。

解析：本题考查教育家的思想。

裴斯泰洛奇提出和谐发展的教育，内容包括体育、劳动教育、德育和智育。

故本题选择C。

2.【答案】C。

解析：本题考查学前儿童方位知觉的发展。

幼儿方位知觉的发展主要和词语所代表的方位概念结合。

3岁儿童仅能辨别上下，4岁开始辨别前后，5岁开始能以自身为中心辨别左右。

故本题选择C。

3.【答案】A。

解析：本题考查幼儿游戏的分类。

A项旁观游戏是儿童大部分时间是在注意同伴的游戏，听他们谈话，向他们提问题，观察某些儿童的游戏，但自己不加入到游戏中去。

B项联合游戏是儿童和同伴一起做游戏，时常发生许多如借还玩具、短暂交谈的行为，但还没有建立共同目标与分工，仍以自己的兴趣为中心。

C项平行游戏是儿童各玩各的，所用的玩具和游戏方式相近，各自的游戏内容没有联系，不与同伴一起玩。

有时儿童会相互模仿，但无意支配别人的活动。

D项单独游戏也称独自游戏，儿童独自一个人在玩，只专注于自己的活动，不管别人在做什么，也没有接近其他儿童的尝试，且玩具也是不同的。

题干中幼儿在进行游戏时大部分时间是在注意同伴的游戏，听他们谈话，向他们提问题，观察某些儿童的游戏，但自己不加入到游戏中去，属于旁观游戏。

故此题选A。

4.【答案】B。

解析：本题考查学前儿童亲社会行为的发展阶段。

幼儿亲社会行为发生频率最多的是合作行为，幼儿合作行为增多，主要与幼儿合作性游戏有关。

故本题选择B。

5.【答案】C。

解析：本题考查对幼儿气质类型的理解。

“强、平衡、灵活”的神经类型对应的气质类型是多血质，A项说法错误。

气质既有稳定性又有可塑性，B项说法错误。

林黛玉的气质类型属于抑郁质，王熙凤属于多血质，D项说法错误。

气质类型没有好坏之分，不同气质类型的儿童都可以发展成社会的有用之才，C项说法正确，故本题选择C。

6.【答案】D。

解析：该题考查的是4～5岁（学前中期）的年龄特征的相关内容。

2020年教育理论基础专业教师资格证考试模拟试题附参考答案和解析卷2【核心50题】

2020年教育理论基础专业教师资格证考试模拟试题附参考答案和（满分100分）[注意事项]1.在你拿到试卷的同时将得到一份专用答题卡，所有试题均须在专用答题卡上作答，在试卷或草稿纸上作答不得分。

2.答题时请认真阅读试题，对准题号作答。

下载提示：本文档完全由本知识店铺创作，请尊重个人劳动成果和版权，非网络搬运,请购买后使用。

更多精彩内容请点赞、关注、转发本店铺！！！！如对本试卷题目有疑问，可在本页面留言，店主会及时解答一、单选题:本类题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分。

每道题只有一个是最佳答案。

考生需要将正确答案选择出来并按要求在答题卡相应位置填涂，多选、错选或不选均不得分。

1.微格教学有许多特点，但最重要的特点是（）A.训练单元小B.反馈及时准确C.训练程序合理D.利于综合创新2.( )就是要训练学生对所阅读的东西产生一个类比或表象，如图形、图像、表格和图解等，以加强其深层理解。

A.生成性学习B.组织策略C.主题纲要法D.符号纲要法3.下列（）属于元认知的实例。

A.学生在考试之后能准确地预测自己的分数B.学生在学习中能举一反三C.学生在阅读时遇到难点停下来思考，或回到前面重新阅读D.利用复述策略记忆4.在个体发展过程中，思维发展的顺序为（）A.具体形象思维、直观动作思维、抽象逻辑思维B.直观动作思维、具体形象思维、抽象逻辑思维C.抽象逻辑思维、具体形象思维、直观动作思维D.具体形象思维、抽象逻辑思维、直观动作思维5.反映活动的外表特征和外部联系的知识称为（）A.感性知识B.理性知识C.陈述性知识D.程序性知识6.学生回答选择题时所使用的记忆过程主要是（）A.识记B.保持C.再认D.回忆7.由美国学者斯克里文针对目标评价模式的弊病而提出来的评价模式是（）A.目的游离评价模式B.目标评价模式C. CSE评价模式D. CIPP评价模式8.重视“学会关心”的德育模式是（）A.认知模式B.社会模仿模式C.体谅模式D.价值澄清模式二、解答题:本类题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分。

消费税法律制度、关税-习题答案与解析 (2)

第四章消费税法律制度及第六章关税等一、单项选择题1.根据消费税法律制度的规定，下列各项中，属于消费税征税范围的是（）。

A.汽车轮胎B.食用酒精C.铂金首饰D.体育上用的发令纸【答案】C【解析】选项ABD均不属于消费税的征税范围。

2.下列应税消费品中，适用定额税率征收消费税的是（）。

A.高档化妆品B.金银首饰C.卷烟D.成品油【答案】D【解析】啤酒、黄酒、成品油的消费税实行从量定额征收，适用定额税率。

3.根据消费税法律制度的规定，下列各项中，应以纳税人同类应税消费品的最高销售价格作为计税依据计征消费税的是（）。

A.用于无偿赠送的应税消费品B.用于集体福利的应税消费品C.用于换取生产资料的应税消费品D.用于连续生产非应税消费品的应税消费品【答案】C【解析】纳税人用于换取生产资料和消费资料、投资入股和抵偿债务等方面的应税消费品，应当以纳税人同类应税消费品的最高销售价格作为计税依据计算消费税。

4.2018年10月甲公司进口一批小汽车，海关审定的关税完税价格为100万元，缴纳关税20万元，已知小汽车消费税税率为25%，甲公司当月进口小汽车应缴纳消费税税额的下列计算中，正确的是（）。

A.（100+20）×25%=30（万元）B.（100+20）÷（1-25%）×25%=40（万元）C.100×25%=25（万元）D.100÷（1-25%）×25%=33.33（万元）【答案】B【解析】甲公司应纳消费税=（关税完税价格+关税）÷（1-消费税税率）×消费税税率=（100+20）÷（1-25%）×25%=40（万元）。

5.根据消费税法律制度的规定，企业发生的下列经营行为中，外购应税消费品已纳消费税税额不准从应纳消费税税额中扣除的是（）。

A.以外购已税小汽车生产小汽车B.以外购已税烟丝生产卷烟C.以外购已税杆头生产高尔夫球杆D.以外购已税石脑油生产成品油【答案】A【解析】已税“小汽车”用于连续生产的，不涉及消费税抵扣的问题。

欧亨利《心与手》阅读答案及解析2(二)

欧?亨利《心与手》阅读答案及解析(2) 欧?亨利《心与手》阅读答案及解析(2)文章来自：心与手[美]欧?亨利在丹佛车站，一帮旅客拥进开往东部方向的BM公司的快车车厢。

在一节车厢里坐着一位衣着华丽的年轻女子，她身边摆满了有经验的旅行者才会携带的豪华物品。

在新上车的旅客中走来了两个人。

一位年轻英俊，神态举止显得果敢而又坦率；另一位则脸色阴沉，行动拖沓。

他们被手铐铐在一起。

两个人穿过车厢过道，一张背向的位子是唯一空着的，而且正对着那位迷人的女人。

他们就在这张空位子上坐了下来。

年轻的女子看到他们，脸上即刻浮现出妩媚的笑容，圆润的双颊也有些发红。

接着只见她伸出那戴着灰色手套的手与来客握手。

她开口说话的声音听上去甜美而又舒缓，让人感到她是一位爱好交谈的人。

她说道：“噢，埃斯顿先生，怎么，他乡异地，连老朋友也不认识了?”年轻英俊的那位听到她的声音，立刻强烈地一怔，显得局促不安起来，然后他用左手握住了她的手。

“费尔吉德小姐，”他笑着说，“我请求您原谅我不能用另一只手来握手，因为它现在正派用场呢。

”他微微地提起右手，只见一副闪亮的“手镯”正把他的右手腕和同伴的左手腕扣在一起。

年轻姑娘眼中的兴奋神情渐渐地变成一种惶惑的恐惧。

脸颊上的红色也消退了。

她不解地张开双唇，力图缓解难过的心情。

埃斯顿微微一笑，好像是这位小姐的样子使他发笑一样。

他刚要开口解释，他的同伴抢先说话了。

这位脸色阴沉的人一直用他那锐利机敏的眼睛偷偷地察看着姑娘的表情。

“请允许我说话，小姐。

我看得出您和这位警长一定很熟悉，如果您让他在判罪的时候替我说几句好话，那我的处境一定会好多了。

他正送我去内森维茨监狱，我将因伪造罪在那儿被判处7年徒刑。

”“噢，”姑娘舒了口气，脸色恢复了自然，“那么这就是你现在做的差事，当个警长。

”“亲爱的费尔吉德小姐，”埃斯顿平静地说道，“我不得不找个差事来做。

钱总是生翅而飞的。

你也清楚在华盛顿是要有钱才能和别人一样地生活。

我发现西部是赚钱的好去处，所以——”姑娘的眼光再次被吸引到了那副亮闪闪的手铐上，她睁大了眼睛。

2023年新高考2卷语文真题试卷及答案解析

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考全国Ⅱ卷）语文注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2.答题时请按要求用笔。

3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

材料一：搞好调查研究，一定要从群众中来、到群众中去，广泛听取群众意见。

人民群众的社会实践，是获得正确认识的源泉，也是检验和深化我们认识的根本所在。

调查研究成果的质量如何，形成的意见正确与否，最终都要由人民群众的实践来检验。

毛泽东同志1930年在寻乌县调查时，直接与各界群众开调查会，掌握了大量第一手材料，诸如该县各类物产的产量、价格，县城各业人员数量、比例，各商铺经营品种、收入，各地农民分了多少土地、收入怎样，各类人群的政治态度，等等，都弄得一清二楚。

这种深入、唯实的作风值得我们学习。

领导干部进行调查研究，要放下架子、扑下身子，深入田间地头和厂矿车间，同群众一起讨论问题，倾听他们的呼声，体察他们的情绪，感受他们的疾苦，总结他们的经验，吸取他们的智慧。

既要听群众的顺耳话，也要听群众的逆耳言；既要让群众反映情况，也要请群众提出意见。

尤其对群众最盼、最急、最忧、最怨的问题更要主动调研，抓住不放。

这样才能真正听到实话、察到实情、获得真知、收到实效。

调查研究必须坚持实事求是的原则，树立求真务实的作风，具有追求真理、修正错误的勇气。

现在有的干部善于察言观色，准备了几个口袋，揣摩上面或领导的意图来提供材料。

很显然，这样的调查是看不到实情、得不到真知、做不出正确结论的。

调查研究一定要从客观实际出发，不能带着事先定的调子下去，而要坚持结论产生在调查研究之后，建立在科学论证的基础上。

《会计基础》 (二)参考答案及解析

《会计基础》（二）参考答案及解析一、单项选择题1. （答案）C（解析）会计确认解决的是定性问题，会计计量解决的定量问题。

2. （答案）C（解析）权责发生制以本期是否有收款的权利或付款的义务为标准来确认本期的收入和费用，即不能将预收或预付的款项作为本期的收入或费用来处理。

不属于当期的费用，即使款项在当期付出，也不应当作为当期费用。

该企业 2011年的第一季度应分担的水电费=9000/12x3=2250（元）3. （答案）A（解析）期间费用是指与生产产品无直接关系，属于某一时期耗用的费用，包括BCD 三项。

A 属于生产成本。

4. （答案）C（解析）C 是对 B 进行的分类；B 是对 A 的基本分类；D 是指企业对外反映企业某一特定日期的财务状况和某一会计期间的经营成果、现金流量等会计信息的文件。

5. （答案）B（解析）会计计量属性主要包括 ABCD 四项及公允价值。

B 又称现实成本，是指按照当前市场条件，重新取得同样一项资产所需支付的现金或现金等价物金额。

6. （答案）C（解析）根据会计恒等式“资产=负债+所有者权益” ，该企业 8 月末的资。

产总额=2000+20060+160=2300（万元）7. （答案）C（解析）企业向投资者分配现金股利会引起所有者权益项目减少和负债项目增加。

分配股利时的分录为：借：利润分配——应付现金股利贷：应付股利。

8. （答案）A（解析）借贷记账法下，发生额试算平衡的理论依据是“有借必有贷，借贷必相等”这一借贷记账法的记账规则。

9. （答案）C（解析）所有者权益包括股本（实收资本）、资本公积、盈余公积、本年利润、利润分配等，净利润是指企业在某一会计期间缴纳所得税后的净经营成果。

10.（答案）B（解析）向银行借款后存入存款账户表明企业的银行存款增加，故应编制收款凭证，而对于货币结余的划转业务一般应编制付款凭证。

11.（答案）A（解析）每个月的折扣额（3650005000）/10/12=3000（元）12.（答案）A（解析）原始凭证的分类方式有两种：（1）按照取得的方式或来源不同，可将其分为外来原始凭证和自制原始凭证，自制原始凭证又分为一次凭证、累计凭证和汇总凭证；（2）按照格式不同，可分为通用凭证和专用凭证。

2020年高考语文全国2卷答案及解析

故选B。
【2题详解】
本题考查学生分析文章结构，把握文章思路的能力。解答此类题目，应先梳理文章的内容，圈出每段的中心句，把握文章的观点、论据，注意分析文章的思路，中心论点和分论点的关系，论点和论据之间的关系，论证方法的类型，重点考核为论点是否正确，论据证明的是什么观点和论证的方法。
C项，“是为了证明现藏于台北‘故宫博物院’的《早春图》并非‘原物’”错误，应该是为了证明“实物”不能等同于“原物”，根据第二段“任何讨论这幅画的构图、功能以及观看方式的文章都必须首先重构这种原始状态……笔墨离不开观看，而观看必然和绘画的形式和空间有关”可见，“原物”要探究其原始绘画形式、空间，而故宫博物馆的《早春图》已经不再具备这些，以实例来证明“实物”并非“原物”。
C项，“指皇室宗族所居之处”错误，应是“封建帝王所居的宫苑”。
故选C。
【12题详解】
此题考查筛选和整合文中的信息的能力。这类题目常涉及人物行为举止、人物主张、人物情感、人物思想道德、人物性格、人物志向、人物才智、选文的综合性八类信息的筛选，做题时要在原文中找准区间，把准对象，体情察意，切忌张冠李戴，忌断章取义，无中生有。
故选C。
【8题详解】
本题考查学生分析小说中人物心理情感及变化的能力。这种题型属于对人物形象的一种局部考查，作答时，首先通读文本，掌握小说情节变化，然后仔细揣摩文中对人物语言、肖像、心理等的刻画，从而把握小说中人物心理情感的变化。
①多年后面对自己职业起点时的人生感慨。老董带“我”来到橡树林，他说，“我刚刚到南京的时候，老师傅们就带我到这里来”，说明橡树林是老董职业的起点，面对这个职业起点，老董心里充满了对旧时光的感慨之情。
②带老馆长后人重游旧地时，对老前辈的深切怀念。老董带“我”来到橡树林，指给“我”爷爷作画的地方，并且他还清晰记得爷爷当时说的话语，这些都表明老董对前辈的深切怀念。

2024新课标全国卷2高考理综试题和答案解析

2024新课标全国卷2高考理综试题和答案解析2024年全国卷2高考理综试题与答案解析理综试题作为高考的重要环节，是检验学生综合能力和知识储备的重要标志。

2024年新课标全国卷2高考理综试题，以考察学生的知识、能力和科学素养为核心，注重与实际生活的联系，呈现出以下特点：首先，试题坚持能力立意的命题思想，强调知识的综合运用。

生物、化学和物理三科交叉命题，强调学科间的融会贯通，考察学生解决实际问题的能力。

例如，在生物科目中，试题涉及到细胞的结构、功能及生物新陈代谢等基础内容，同时融入了生物学史、生物技术等拓展知识，旨在拓宽学生的知识视野。

其次，试题突出实验探究的考察，强调学生的科学素养。

实验题目不仅涉及基本实验技能，还涉及到实验设计、实验分析和结论归纳等高级能力。

例如，在化学科目中，试题出现了制备某种化合物的实验题目，要求学生根据实验条件、试剂选择、操作步骤等进行分析和判断，充分考察了学生的实验综合能力。

在试题形式上，全国卷2高考理综试题保持了选择题与非选择题的结合，坚持主观题与客观题的搭配。

选择题侧重考察学生的基础知识、基本技能和推理能力，而非选择题则注重考察学生的分析、综合和拓展能力。

例如，物理科目中的论述题，要求学生对物理现象和实验数据进行深入分析，归纳结论，有利于培养学生的科学思维和表达能力。

对于2024年新课标全国卷2高考理综试题的答案解析，我们需要从以下几个方面进行：首先，学生需要仔细研读试题，深入理解题目所要考察的知识点。

在理解的基础上，运用所学的知识进行推理和分析，得出正确的答案。

同时，学生还需要注意答案的逻辑性和条理性，做到简洁明了、扣题严谨。

其次，学生需要对做错的题目进行反思和总结，找出错误的原因。

对于因为知识储备不足导致的错误，学生需要加强对相关知识点的学习和掌握；对于因为粗心大意或理解偏差导致的错误，学生需要提高审题能力和理解能力。

最后，学生还需要对试题进行拓展性学习，了解更多与试题相关的知识和信息。

审计习题2与参考答案解析..

1.下表是Ｂ注册会计师在审查XYZ有限责任公司（以下简称XYZ公司）200×年度财务报表时所实施的部分审计程序。

请分别指出这些程序最有适宜证管理层对财务报表的哪一项认定，将相应的认定名称填在附表中。

参考答案：2.A和B注册会计师对XYZ股份有限公司2008年度财务报表进行审计，•其未经审计的要求：(1)如果以资产总额、净资产（股东权益）、•营业收入和净利润作为判断基础，采用固定比率法，并假定资产总额、净资产、营业收入和净利润的固定百分比数值分别为0.5％、1％、0.5％和5％，请代A和B•注册会计师计算确定XYZ股份有限公司2008年度财务报表层次的重要性水平（请列示计算过程）。

(2)简要说明重要性水平与审计风险之间的关系。

(3)简要说明重要性水平与所需审计证据数量之间的关系。

参考答案：⑴计算确定XYZ股份有限公司2008年度财务报表层次的审计重要性水平:⑵重要性水平与审计风险之间的关系：重要性水平与审计风险之间成反向关系。

也就是说，重要性水平越高，审计风险越低；反之，重要性水平越低，审计风险越高。

⑶重要性水平与所需审计证据数量之间的关系：重要性水平与审计证据之间成反向关系。

也就是说，重要性水平越低，应获取的审计证据越多；反之，重要性水平越高，应获取的审计证据越少。

3.Ｈ会计师事务所的注册会计师Ａ和Ｂ接受指派，审计Ｘ股份有限公司（以下简称Ｘ公司）2008年度财务报表。

现正在编制审计计划。

资料一：根据Ｘ公司的具体情况和审计质量控制的要求，Ｈ会计师事务所要求Ａ和Ｂ注册会计师将Ｘ公司年报审计业务的可接受审计风险水平控制在5％的水平上。

按Ｈ会计师事务所的业务指导手册，规定10％（含）以下的风险水平为低水平，10％～40％（含）的风险水平为中等水平，超过40％的风险水平为高水平。

资料二: 在编制具体审计计划时，为确定财务报表各主要项目的实质性程序，Ａ和Ｂ注册会计师根据风险评估和控制测试结果，分别确定了各类交易、余额的固有风险和控制风险㈠简要说明重要性水平与可接受的审计风险水平以及重要性水平与所需审计证据数量之间的关系。

流体计算题与答案解析(二)

流体计算题与答案解析（二）1、某并联输水管路由两条光滑管支路组成，管内流体均处于湍流状态。

已知总输水量为70h m 3，求两条支管的流量。

设两条支管的内径分别为mm d mm d 50,10021==，管长分别为mm l mm l 350,70021==（包括管件的当量长度）。

解：由并联管路特性：∑∑=2,1,f f h h 即222222221111u d l u d l λλ= 将25.03164.0eR =λ代入上式得23164.023164.0222225.022212125.011u d l u d u d l u d ⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛μρμρ 化简25.12175.1225.11175.11d l u d l u = 即25.12275.122225.11175.1211785.0785.0d l d V d l d V ⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛ ∴1275.4211225.1275.12175.121l l d d l l d d V V ⋅⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=⋅⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+⨯ 74127192175.111275.175.42121⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛⋅⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=l l d d l l d d V V代入已知数据： 41.4673.056.6700350501007471921=⨯=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛⋅⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=V V h m V 3157141.441.470=+⨯=h m V 32135770=-=分析：解决两条支管并联的问题，大都是先从两支路流动阻力相等这一规律出发，然后确定两个支管的流量比。

多条支管并联的管路亦可仿此处理。

对于幂指数比较复杂公式的计算，建议先不要代入数据，待推出最终结果后再代入数据，这样可避免一些繁琐的计算。

由计算结果可以看出：支管直径d 对流量分配的影响较大（指数为719）。

本例尽管两条支管21212,2l l d d ==，但两条支管的流量仍相差较大。

2021年考研英语二真题及参考答案解析

2021年考研英语二真题及参考答案解析Section I Use of English（江南博哥）Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)It's not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder, _____(1), to understand their negative consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. _____(2)one and the others become distorted.Travel on a London bus and you'll _____(3)see how this works with drivers. Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people get on without paying? Of course! Are there inspectors to _____(4)that people have paid? Possibly, but very few. And people who run for the bus? They are_____(5). How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.Why? Because the target is _____(6).People complained that buses were late and infrequent. _____(7), the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were _____(8)or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit these targets. But they _____(9)hit cyclists. If the target was changed to _____(10),you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing. If the criterion changed to safety, you would get more _____(11)drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time.There is another _____(12)people became immensely inventive in hitting targets. Have you _____(13)that you can leave on a flight but still arrive on time? Tailwinds? Of course not! Airlines have simply changed the time a _____(14)is meant to take. A one-hour flight is now ballad as a two-hour flight.The _____(15)of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well _____(16)others. Everything Can be done faster and made cheaper, but there is a _____(17). Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences.This is not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploring consequences first. All good targets shouldhave multiple criteria _____(18)critical factors such as time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not only to _____(19)just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better _____(20)the objective.1.【题干】1._____.【选项】A.thereforeB.howeverC.againD.moreover【答案】B2.【题干】2._____.【选项】A.EmphasizeB.IdentifyC.AssessD.Explain【答案】A3.【题干】3._____.【选项】A.nearlyB.curiouslyC.eagerlyD.quickly【答案】D4.【题干】4._____.【选项】A.claimB.proveC.cheekD.recall【答案】C5.【题干】5._____.【选项】A.threatenedB.ignoredC.mockedD.blamed【答案】B2021年考研英语二真题及参考答案解析6.【题干】6._____.【选项】A.punctualityB.hospitalitypetitionD.innovation【答案】A7.【题干】7._____.【选项】A.YetB.SoC.BesidesD.Still【答案】B8.【题干】8._____. 【选项】A.hiredB.trainedC.rewardedD.grouped【答案】C9.【题干】9._____. 【选项】A.onlyB.ratherC.onceD.also【答案】D10.【题干】10._____. 【选项】fortB.revenueC.efficiencyD.security【答案】B11.【题干】11._____. 【选项】A.friendlyB.quietC.cautiousD.diligent【答案】C12.【题干】12._____. 【选项】A.purposeB.problemC.prejudiceD.policy【答案】B13.【题干】13._____. 【选项】A.interestingB.revealedC.admittedD.noticed【答案】D2021年考研英语二真题及参考答案解析14.【题干】14._____.【选项】A.breakB.tripC.departureD.transfer【答案】B15.【题干】15._____.【选项】A.moralB.backgroundC.styleD.form【答案】A16.【题干】16._____.【选项】A.interpretB.criticizeC.sacrificeD.tolerate【答案】C17.【题干】17._____.【选项】A.taskB.secretC.productD.cost【答案】D18.【题干】18._____. 【选项】A.leading toB.calling forC.relating toD.accounting for 【答案】C19.【题干】19._____. 【选项】A.specifyB.predictC.restoreD.create【答案】A20.【题干】20._____. 【选项】A.modifyB.reviewC.presentD.achieve【答案】D2021年考研英语二真题及参考答案解析Section II Reading Comprehension Part ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Reskilling is something that sounds like a buzzword but is actually a requirement if we plan to have a future where a lot of would-be workers do not get left behind.We know we are moving into a period where the jobs in demand will change rapidly, as will the requirements of the jobs that remain. Research by the WEF detailed in the Harvard Business Review, finds that on average 42 per cent of the "core skill" within job roles will change by 2022. That is a very short timeline, so we can only imagine what the changes will be further in the future.The question of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one. For individual companies, the temptation is always to let go of workers whose skills are no longer demand and replace them with those whose skills are. That does not always happen. AT&T is often given as the gold standard of a company who decided to do a massive reskilling program rather than go with a fire-and-hire strategy ultimately retraining 18,000 employees. Prepandemic, other companies including Amazon and Disney had also pledged to create their own plans. When the skills mismatch is in the broader economy though, the focus usually turns to government to handle. Efforts in Canada and elsewhere have been arguably languid at best, and have given us a situation where we frequently hear of employers begging for workers even at times and in regions where unemployment is high.With the pandemic, unemployment is very high indeed. In February, at 3.5 per cent and 5.5 per cent respectively, unemployment rates in Canada and the United States were at generational lows and worker shortages were everywhere. As of May, those rates had spiked up to 13.3 per cent and 13.7 per cent, and although many worker shortages had disappeared, not all had done so. In the medical field, to takean obvious example the pandemic meant that there were still clear shortages of doctors, nurses and other medical personnel.Of course, it is not like you can take an unemployed waiter and train him to be doctor in few weeks, no matter who pays for it. But even if you cannot close that gap, maybe you can close others, and doing so would be to the benefit of all concerned. That seems to be the case in Sweden, where the pandemic kick-started a retraining program where business as well as government had a role.Reskilling in this way would be challenging in a North American context. You can easily imagine chorus of "can't do that" because teachers or nurses or whoever have special skills, and using any support who has been quickly trained is bound to end in disaster, Maybe. Or maybe it is something that can work well in Sweden, withits history of co-operation between businesses, labor and government, but not in North America where our history is very different. Then again, maybe it is akin to wartime, when extraordinary things take place but it is business as usual after the fact. And yet, as in war the pandemic is teaching us that many things, including rapid reskilling, can be done if there is a will to do them. In any case. Sweden's work force is now more skilled, in more things, and more flexible than it was before.Of course, reskilling programs, whether for pandemic needs or the post pandemic world, are expensive and at a time when everyone's budgets are lean this may not be the time to implement them. Then again, extending income support programs to get us through the next months is expensive, too, to say nothing of the cost of having a swath of long-term unemployed in the POST-COVID years given that, perhaps we should think hard about whether the pandemic can jump-start us to a place where reskilling becomes much more than a buzzword.21.【题干】Research by the World Economic Forum suggests_____【选项】A.an increase in full-time employmentB.an urgent demand for new job skillsC.a steady growth of job opportunitiesD.a controversy about the "core skills"【答案】B2021年考研英语二真题及参考答案解析22.【题干】AT&T is cited to show_____【选项】A.an alternative to the fire-and-hire strategyB.an immediate need for government supportC.the importance of staff appraisal standardsD.the characteristics of reskilling program【答案】A23.【题干】Efforts to resolve the skills mismatch in Canada_____【选项】A.have driven up labor costsB.have proved to be inconsistentC.have met with fierce oppositionD.have appeared to be insufficient【答案】D24.【题干】We can learn from Paragraph 3 that there was_____.【选项】A.a call for policy adjustment.B.a change in hiring practices.C.a lack of medical workers.D.a sign of economic recovery.【答案】C25.【题干】Scandinavian Airlines decided to_____.【选项】A.Great job vacancies for the unemployed.B.Prepare their laid-off workers for other jobs.C.Retrain their cabin staff for better services.D.finance their staff's college education.【答案】BWith the global population predicted to hit close to 10 billionby 2050, and forecasts that agricultural production in one regionswill need to nearly double to keep pace, food security isincreasingly making headlines In the UK, it has become a big talking point recently too, for a rather particular reason: Brexit.Brexit is seen by some as an opportunity to reverse a recenttrend towards the UK importing food. The country produces only about 60 per cent of the food it eats, down from almost three-quarters in the late 1980s. A move back to self-sufficiency, the argument goes, would boost the farming industry, political sovereignty and even the nations health, Sounds great but how feasible is this vision?According to a report on UK food production from the Universityof Leeds, UK, 85 percent of the country's total land area is associated with meat and dairy production. That supplies 80 percentof what is consumed, so even covering the whole country in livestock farms wouldn't allow us to cover all our meat and dairy needs.There are many caveats to those figures, but they are still grave. To become much more self-sufficient. The UK would need to drastically reduce its consumption of animal foods, and probably also farm more intensively meaning fewer green fields and more factory style production.2021年考研英语二真题及参考答案解析But switching to a mainly plant-based diet wouldn't help. Thereis a good reason why the UK is dominated by animal husbandry, most of its terrain doesn't have the right soil or climate to grow crops on commercial basis. Just 25 per cent of the country's land is suitable for crop-growing, most of which is already occupied by arable fields. Even if we converted all the suitable land to fields of fruit and vegetable which would involve taking out all the nature reserves andremoving thousands of people from their homes-we would achieve only a 30 percent boost in crop production.Just 23 per cent of the fruit and vegetables consumed in the UK are currently home-grown, so even with the most extreme measures we could meet only 30 per cent of our fresh produce needs. That isbefore we look for the space to grow the grains, sugars, seeds andoils that provide us with the vast bulk of our current calorie intake.26.【题干】Some people argue that food self-sufficiency in the UK would_____.【选项】A.a be hindered by its population growthB.contribute to the nations well-beingC.become a priority of the governmentD.post a challenge to its farming industry【答案】D27.【题干】The report by the University of Leeds showed that in the UK_____.【选项】A.farmland has been inefficiently utilisedB.factory style production needs reformingC.most land is used for meat and dairy productionD.more green fields will be converted for farming【答案】C28.【题干】Crop-growing in the UK is restricted due to_____.【选项】A.its farming technologyB.its dietary traditionC.its natural conditionsD.its commercial interests【答案】C29.【题干】It can be learned from the last paragraph that British people_____.【选项】A.rely largely on imports for fresh produceB.enjoy a steady rise in fruit consumptionC.are seeking effective ways to cut calorie intakeD.are trying to grow new varieties of grains【答案】A30.【题干】The author's attitude to food self-efficiency in the UK is_____.【选项】A.defensiveB.doubtfulC.tolerantD.optimistic【答案】B2021年考研英语二真题及参考答案解析When Microsoft bought task management app. Wunerlist and mobile calendar Sunrise in 2015, it picked up two newcomers that were attracting considerable buzz in Silicon Valley. Microsoft' own Office dominates the market for "productivity" software, but the start-ups represented a new wave of technology designed from the ground up for the smartphone world.Both apps, however, were later scrapped, after Microsoft said it had used their best features in its own products. Their teams ofengineers stayed on, making them two of the many "acqui-hires" that the biggest companies have used to feed their insatiable hunger for tech talent.To Microsoft's critics, the fates of Wunderlist and Sunrise are examples of a remorseless drive by Big Tech to chew up any innovative companies that lie in their path. "They bought the seedlings and closed them down," complained Paul Amold, a partner at San Francisco-based Switch Ventures, putting paid to businesses that might one day tum into competitors. Microsoft declined to comment.Like other start-up investors, Mr Amold's own business often depends on selling start-ups to larger tech companies, though he admits to mixed feelings about the result: "I think these things are good for me, if I put my selfish hat on. But are they good for the American economy? I don't know."The US Federal Trade Commission says it wants to find the answer to that question. This week, it asked the five most valuable US tech companies for information about their many small acquisitions over the past decade. Although only a research project at this stage, the request has raised the prospect of regulators wading into early-stage tech markets that until now have been beyond their reach.Given their combined market value of more than$5.5tm, rifling through such small deals-many of them much less prominent than Wunderlist and Sunrise-might seem beside the point. Between them, the five companies (Apple, Microsoft, Google, Amazon and Facebook) have spent an average of only $3.4 billion a year on sub-$1 billion acquisitions over the past five years-a drop in the ocean compared with their massive financial reserves, and the more than $130 billion of venture capital that was invested in the US last year.However, critics say the big companies use such deals to buytheir most threatening potential competitors before their businesses have a chance to gain momentum, in some cases as part of a “buy and kill” tactic to simply close them down.31.【题干】What is true about Wunderlist and Sunrise after their acquisitions?【选项】A.Their engineers were retained.B.Their market values declined.C.Their tech features improved.D.Their products were re-priced.【答案】A32.【题干】Microsoft's critics believe that the big tech companies tend to_____.【选项】A.exaggerate their product qualityB.eliminate their potential competitorsC.treat new tech talent unfairlyD.ignore public opinions【答案】B33.【题干】Paul Arnold is concerned that small acquisitions might_____.【选项】A.weaken big tech companiesB.worsen market competitionC.harm the national economyD.discourage start-up investors【答案】C34.【题干】The US Federal Trade Commission intend to____.【选项】A.examine small acquisitionsB.limit Big Tech's expansionC.supervise start-ups operationsD.encourage research collaboration【答案】A35.【题干】For the five biggest tech companies, their small acquisition have____.【选项】A.brought little financial pressureB.raised few management challengesC.set an example for future dealsD.generate considerable profits【答案】A2021年考研英语二真题及参考答案解析We're fairly good at judging people based on first impression,thin slices of experience ranging from a glimpse of a photo to five-minute interaction, and deliberation can be not only extraneous but intrusive. In one study of the ability she dubbed "thin slicing," the late psychologist Nalini Ambady asked participants to watch silent10-second video clips of professors and to rate the instructor's overall effectiveness. Their ratings correlated strongly withstudents' end-of-semester ratings. Another set of participants had count backward from 1, 000 by nines as they watched the clips, occupying their conscious working memory. Their ratings were just as accurate, demonstrating the intuitive nature of the social processing.Critically, another group was asked to spend a minute writing down reasons for their judgment, before giving the rating. Accuracy dropped dramatically. Ambady suspected that deliberation focused them on vivid but misleading cues, such as certain gestures or utterances, rather than letting the complex interplay of subtlesignals form a holistic impression. She found similarinterference when participants watched 15-second clips of pairs of people and judged whether they were strangers, friends, or dating partners. Other research shows we're better at detecting deception an sexual orientation from thin slices when we rely on intuition instead of reflection. "It's as if you're driving a stick shift," says Judith Hall, a psychologist at Northeastern University. "and if you startthinking about it too much, you can't remember what you're doing. But if you go on automatic pilot, you're fine. Much of our social life is like that."Thinking too much can also harm our ability to form preferences. College students' ratings of strawberry jams and college course aligned better with experts' opinions when the students weren't asked to analyze their rationale. And people made car-buying decisions that were both objectively better and more personally satisfying when asked to focus on their feelings rather than on details, but only if the decision was complex-when they had a lot of information to process.Intuition's special powers are unleashed only in certain circumstances. In one study participants completed a battery of eight tasks, including four that tapped reflective thinking (discerningrule comprehending vocabulary) and four that tapped intuition an creativity (generating new products or figures of speech). Then the rated the degree to which they had used intuition ("gut feelings," "hunches," "my heart").Use of their gut hurt their performance on the first four tasks, as expected, and helped them on the rest. Sometimes the heart is smarter than the head.36.【题干】Nalini Ambaby's study deals with_____【选项】A.instructor student interactionB.the power of people' s memoryC.the reliability of first impressionsD.People's ability to influence others【答案】C37.【题干】In Ambaby's study, rating accuracy dropped when participants_____【选项】A.gave the rating in limited timeB.focused on specific detailsC.watched shorter video clipsD.discussed with on another【答案】B2021年考研英语二真题及参考答案解析Section II Reading Comprehension Part BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45).There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)How to Disagree with Someone More Powerful than YouYour boss proposes a new initiative you think won't work. Your senior colleague outlines a project timeline you think is unrealistic. What do you say when you disagree with someone who has more powerthan you do? How do you decide whether it's worth speaking up? And if you do, what exactly should you say? Here's how to disagree with someone more powerful than you._____(41)You may decide it's best to hold off on voicing your opinion. Maybe you haven t finished thinking the problem through, the whole discussion was a surprise to you, or you want to get a clearer senseof what the group thinks. If you think other people are going to disagree too, you might want to gather your army first. People can contribute experience or information to your think—all the thingsthat would make the disagreement stronger or more valid. It's also a good idea to delay the conversation if you're in a meeting or other public space. Discussing the issue in private will make the powerful person feel less threatened._____(42)Before you share your thoughts, think about what the powerful person cares about— it may be "the credibility of their team on getting a project done on time," says Grenny. You're more likely tobe heard if you can connect your disagreement to a "higher purpose". When you do speak up, don't assume the link will be clear. You 'llwant to state it overtly, contextualizing your statements so thatyou're seen not as a disagreeable underling but as a colleague who's trying to advance a shared goal. The discussion will then become more like a chess game than a boxing match._____(43)This step may sound overly deferential, but it's a smart way to give the powerful person psychological safety and control. You can say something like, "I know we seem to be moving toward a first-quarter commitment here. I have reasons to think that won't work. I'd like to lay out my reasoning. Would that be OK?" This gives the person a choice, allowing them to verbally opt in. And, assuming they say yes, it will make you feel more confident about voicing your disagreement._____(44)You might feel your heart racing or your face turning red, but do whatever you can to remain neutral in both your words and actions. When your body language communicates reluctance or anxiety, it undercuts the message. It sends a mixed message, and your counterpart gets to choose what to read. Deep breaths can help, as can speaking more slowly and deliberately. When we feel panicky we tend to talk louder and faster. Simply slowing the pace and talking in an even tone helps the other person calm down and does the same for you. It also makes you seem confident, even if you aren't._____(45)Emphasize that you're offering your opinion, not gospel truth. It may be a well-informed, well-researched opinion, but it's still an opinion, my talk tentatively and slightly understate your confidence. Instead of saying something like "If we set an end-of-quarter deadline, we will never make it," say, "This is just my opinion, but I don't see how we will make that deadline." Having asserted your perfectly willing to talk-and may even be flattered to receive your attention.41.【题干】41._____.【选项】A.Stay calmB.Stay humbleC.Don't make judgmentsD.Be realistic about the risksE.Decide whether to waitF.Ask permission to disagreeG.Identify a shared goal【答案】E2021年考研英语二真题及参考答案解析42.【题干】42._____.【选项】A.Stay calmB.Stay humbleC.Don't make judgmentsD.Be realistic about the risksE.Decide whether to waitF.Ask permission to disagreeG.Identify a shared goal【答案】G43.【题干】43._____.【选项】A.Stay calmB.Stay humbleC.Don't make judgmentsD.Be realistic about the risksE.Decide whether to waitF.Ask permission to disagreeG.Identify a shared goal【答案】F44.【题干】44._____.【选项】A.Stay calmB.Stay humbleC.Don't make judgmentsD.Be realistic about the risksE.Decide whether to waitF.Ask permission to disagreeG.Identify a shared goal【答案】A45.【题干】45._____.【选项】A.Stay calmB.Stay humbleC.Don't make judgmentsD.Be realistic about the risksE.Decide whether to waitF.Ask permission to disagreeG.Identify a shared goal【答案】B2021年考研英语二真题及参考答案解析Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)46.【题干】We tend to think that friends and family members are our biggest source of connection, laughter and warmth. While that may well be true, researchers have also recently found that interacting with strangers actually brings a boost in mood and feelings of belonging that we didn't expect.In one series of studies, researchers instructed Chicago-area commuters using public transportation to strike up conversation with someone near them. On average, participants who followed this instruction felt better than those who had been told to stand or sit in silence. The researchers also argued that when we shy away from casual interactions with strangers, it is often due to a misplaced anxiety that they might not want to talk to us. Much of that time, however, this belief is false. As it tums out, many people are actually perfectly willing to talk and may even be flattered to receive your attention.【答案】我们往往认为朋友和家人是我们关系、笑容和温暖的最大来源。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷) 英语模拟试题卷（二）参考答案与解析I 听力第一节：听力理解1—5 ACACA 6—10 BCCAA 11—15BCACB第二节：听取信息16. playing tennis 17. farmer 18. 60 19. fishing 20. teacherⅡ语言知识及应用第一节完形填空本文主要讲述了北京人饲养宠物狗之多和对宠物狗的宠爱。

21. B. 根据第一句number of pet dogs in Beijing is more than the urban population 及全文可知北京人爱狗22. A. 根据第一段和Now Beijing is home to more than 1 million可知狗的数量在戏剧性地增长。

表示自然要用动词不及物rise，而raise是及物动词，表示人为地抬高。

23. D. 根据前一句the number of pet dogs in the city has risen dramatically可知是狗。

24. A. walk the dog是固定搭配，“遛狗”之意。

25. C. 根据rather than an animal可知是人类和动物进行对比,而其余三个都太偏面。

26. B. 根据前文就像人类的同伴一样“总是”步调一致地散步。

27. A. 人和狗分成两组行动。

28. D. 根据前文应该是我在这个城市所见到的最有趣的事。

29. C. 北京人溺爱他们的狗，尤其突出的是在冬天。

故选Especially，而Specially 是“专门”的意思。

30. B. 根据前文给它穿上彩色背心（colorful vests）和even pairs of 可知是成双的靴子。

第二节语法填空这篇文章主要告诉我们怎样与他人合作。

31. else。

意思是“与他人和谐工作的能力是使自己显示出与其他人不同的好方法”，用在复合代词everybody后作定语，表示“其他的”，用else。

32. for。

表示“因某事责备某人”是blame sb. for sth.。

33. them。

指代上文中的others，在句中做宾语，用them。

34. achievements。

与前面的values和weaknesses同时充当短语动词find out的并列宾语，用名词形式。

35. but。

这是表示“不是……而是……”的not … but …结构。

36. to deal。

这是“疑问词+不定式”结构做宾语。

37. best。

根据句意这里表示“最好”之意，故用最高级。

38. who。

这里是定语从句，先行词teammate在定语从句中充当主语，指人，所以用who。

39. that。

decided后接了一个宾语从句，该宾语从句句子结构和句意都完整，因而用连词that。

40. is kept。

由keep sb. active(使某人保持活跃的状态)，可知every team member与keep是被动关系，故用被动语态。

Ⅲ阅读第一节阅读理解(A) 本文主要讲述了在学校的学习成绩和表现以用做兼职工作对今后工作的影响，并说明要善于发挥优势克服弱势。

41．B．细节理解题，根据第一段These may show strengths that you can use in your work及后面的举例可知。

42．C．推理判断题，根据第二段If you have had a part-time job…you may have learned how to get to work on time…可知。

43．C．推理判断题，根据最后一句but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work可知。

.44．A．词义猜测题，根据后文perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures.和It is better to face any weakness可知“不会做事”45．D．主旨大意题，根据It is better to face any weakness than to pretend they do not exist可知。

(B) 本文主要阐述了中国家庭教育投资与其回报的之间的差距以及大学毕业生如何做更容易找到工作。

46．B．细节理解题，根据第一句可知.47．C．推理判断题，根据"The job market is still hungry for talented staff”可知不是不需要.48．D．细节理解题，根据The graduates would get better job options if they chose to work at the grassroots level可知.49．C．细节理解题，根据最后一句education costs form one-quarter of an urban family's income, while it forms one-third of a rural family's income可知.50．A．主旨大意题，整篇文章主要讲教育投资与其回报之间的差距。

51．C．细节理解题，根据Billy Joe clinched his place at a qualifying event in Italy earlier this month可知。

52．A．词义推测题，根据His brother Tommy is a professional 和while his Dad Tom was an amateur可知amateur是与professional进行对比，professional是职业的，所以amateur就应是业余的，故选A。

53．D．推理判断题，可用排除法排除A、B、C，也可根据As a boy he wasn't the most naturally gifted推断D错误。

54．A．推理判断题，可用排除法排除B和D是明说，根据He remembers watching Amir Khan win silver in Athens可知C不是Billy而是Amir Khan。

根据When I saw him have to dig down into his boots against much older boys, I thought this kid is not the same as anyone else. There is something with this kid". 可知Ａ正确。

55．B．第一句和Billy Joe Saunders is aiming for boxing gold最后一句都说到了I'm aiming for gold。

第二节信息匹配57~60 ADEFCIV 写作第一节基础写作[One possible version]China is one of the four oldest civilized countries in the world and we have many traditional good customs and cultures . As is known to all, using polite phrases more often is the beginning of cultivating good manners, even a simple “Thank you” matters a lot. Neither litter anywhere you like nor make noises in the public in terms of good manners. It's the best body language for us to keep smile to show our friendship to others. Always ready to help others whenever they get into troubles.第二节读写任务[One possible version]Dear Li Ping,I’m glad that you trust me so much and tell me your true feeling, now I’ve read an article which says that it is important to be friendly to yourself first and then to others, and gives a few tips, such as forgiving yourself, realizing your virtues and not comparing with others.As is known to all, no one is perfect，and everyone has their own strengths and weaknesses, so if you fall behind others in some aspect, it’s natural and there’s nothing so serious as for you to feel frustrated. I know you’re worried about your study because you’ve not got as good results as some of your classmates in the exams, but that’s not the most important, so long as you try your best, I’m sure you’ll make progress. Besides, You hav e your own virtues which some others don’t have, for example, you play basketball better than many other students in our school, and you also play the guitar well. How we envy you!So never feel discouraged if you fall behind others in your study, and be sure you are good at many aspects.With the best wishes!Yours truly,Wang Yan听力录音材料第一节：听力理解每段播放两遍。