高分写作 虚拟语气

高分写作虚拟语气（政府类词汇）

sense of security/safety 安全感

freedom of the press 新闻自由

gambling promoter 赌博庄家

gossip 八卦

information highway 信息高速公路

marijuana 大麻

media exposure 媒体曝光率

paparazzi 狗仔队

press intrusion 媒体侵扰

privacy 隐私

red light district 红灯区

unbiased 无偏见的

unprejudiced 公平的

一、最基本的虚拟语气句型

虚拟时间if从句谓语形式主句谓语形式

现在did/were would(should,could,might) do

过去had done/had been would(should,could,might)have done/been

将来were to/should+do would(should,could,might) do

1.虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设。其if从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式（be一般用were）, 主句用would/should/could/might +动词原型

eg1. 如果赌博合法化，会引诱人们陷入没有结果的一夜暴富的幻想中

If gambling were legalised, it would tempt people to fruitless fantasies of instant riches.

2. 如果没有审查制度，信息高速公路可能会变成电子“红灯区”

If there were no information censorship, the information highway would be in danger of becoming an electronic “red light district”。

2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if从句的谓语形式用过去完成时，即had+ 过去分词，主句用would/should/could/might+have+过去分词。

Eg. 1 如果发达国家过去没有捐赠不计其数的救援物资，发展中国家成百上千的穷人就会死于饥饿或传染病。

If developed countries had not donated countless relief materials, millions of poor people in developing countries would have died of hunger or infectious diseases.

2. 如果中国没有审查网络，那么青少年就会接触到不雅的材料, 例如暴力与色情

If China had not censored the internet, minors could have been exposed to indecent materials such as violence and pornography.

3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来事实可能相反的假设。if从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to/should + 动词原形，主句用would/should/could/might + 动词原形

eg1. 如果吸食毒品合法化，警察大量的时间就将用于解决更严重的问题

If drug use were to be legalised, considerable police time could be spent in dealing with other more serious problems.

2. 如果西方国家停止资助第三世界国家，第三世界国家会寻求经济独立。

If western countries should stop financing the Third World, it would struggle for its economic independence.

4. 省略if采用倒装语序的条件句

有时可以吧含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if省去，而将had,should,were等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。**如果没有had,should,were等词，既不能省略if, 也不能倒装。

eg1. 如果没有关于名流的八卦新闻，人们会不满意，媒体也失去娱乐性。

原句：If there should be no gossip about celebrities, people would not be satisfied and the media would be less entertainging.

=>Should there be no gossip about celebrities, people would not be satisfied and the media would be less entertainging.

2. 如果实施严厉的惩罚，交通违章者人数会急剧下降。

原句：If strict penalty were to be implemented, the number of traffic violators would drop significantly.

=>Were strict penalty to be implemented,the number of traffic violators would drop significantly.

3. 如果狗仔队没有在巴黎追踪戴安娜王妃，她就不会死于车祸。

原句：If paparazzi had not trailed Princess Diana in Paris, she would not have been killed in the car accident.

=>Had paparazzi not trailed Princess Diana in Paris, she would not have been killed in the car accident.

*5.有时虚拟条件句用介词短语otherwis，or, without, but for（如果没有，要不是）来引导（形式上的虚拟语气）

eg1. 公众场合应该安装更多的监视装置(surveillance devices)，否则市民没有安全感。More surveillance devices should be fixed in public areas; otherwise citizens would not have a sense of security.