高考复习：状语从句的省略

教学难点掌握规律，正确做题

教学过程

一、课堂导入

首先让学生们明确，什么是省略：

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1.省略是一种避免重复、保持简洁的语法手段。

2.凡是缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成分，但在一定语境中能够独立存在，意义明确，并且能发

挥交际功能的句子就是省略句。

二、复习预习

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对上一节课的时间状语从句布置的作业进行讲解，点评，让学生们通过讲评能够复习上节课的知识。之后让我们先看下面两道历年高考试题，并请同学们先讨论如何选择，同时老师注意发现学生们的盲点：

, the museum will be open to the public next year.

A. completed

B. completing

C. being completed

D. to be completed(2002年上海春季试题)

to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.

A. invited

B. inviting

C. being invited

D. having invited

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三、知识讲解

知识点1：什么是状语从句的省略

我们在使用时间、地点、条件、让步、原因、比较或方式等之类的状语从句时，如果其中谓语部分含有to be的任何一种形式，而主语又与主句的主语相一致或主语为it时，为避免重复，使语言生动、自然、简洁，常可以省略从句德主语和谓语的部分，特别是动词be。这种现象称为状语从句的省略。下面做简要例析。

1【考查点】时间状语从句的省略。

这类从句主要由when，while，as soon as，once，until等引导。例如：(he was) still a boy of ten, he started working to support himself.

't leave the machine till (you are) told to.

'll let you know as soon as (it is) arranged.

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但要注意，before和after虽然也可以用作连词引导时间状语从句，却不能用于这类省略主语和be 的结构。例如：The plan should be discussed once again before it is carried out.

上句不能改为：The plan should be discussed once again before carried out.

上句也可以改为：The plan should be discussed once again before being carried out. (句中before 不是连词而是介词，后面的being carried out是V-ing形式短语作介词的宾语，整个句子是简单句，而不是复合句。

2【考查点】地点状语从句中的省略。主要由where, wherever引导。例如：is always ready to help others wherever (he is) needed.

can add some words to your composition where (it is) necessary.

3【考查点】条件状语从句的省略。主要由if，unless引导。例如：

won't go to his birthday party unless (she is ) invited.

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news is quite important to us, if (it is) true.

但若if引导的是表示假设的虚拟条件句，虽具备条件，可不能用于这类省略。另外，当once 作"一旦，一经"解，连接时间或条件状语从句，其主语与主句的主语相同或其主语为it + be时，常省略从句中的主语或it + be。例如：

Once (it was) published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.

Once (you) lose confidence, you can never expect to do your work well.

4【考查点】让步状语从句的省略。主要由though，although，however，whatever，even if，even though，no matter how/what引导。例如：

(he had been) defeated many times, he didn't lose heart.

worked very hard, though (he was) still rather weak.

与if引导的虚拟条件从句不能用这类省略一样，as引导的让步状语从句同样不能省略。不过如果让步状语从句由as引导时，从句中的表语（一般是形容词或名词）或状语必须提前到as前，构成倒装。如果作表语的是单数可数名词，则还须省略不定冠词。例如：

Poor as he was, he was honest.

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Hard as he tried, he still failed.

5【考查点】原因状语从句的省略。主要由because引导。例如：decided not to watch the foot ball match because (he was) not himself.

forget to post the letter for you because (I was) too busy.