Solaris介绍

文件中每行包含7个字段： loginID:x:UID:GID:comment:home_directory:login_shell Login ID: Represents the user’s login name.最长8字符，又称login name、user name。 x – Represents a placeholder for the user’s encrypted password, which is kept in the /etc/shadow file. UID Contains the UID used by the system to identify the user. UID numbers for users range from 100 to 60000. Values 0 through 99 are reserved for system accounts. UID 60001 is reserved for the nobody account. UID 60002 is reserved for the noaccess account.Duplicate UIDs are allowed but should be avoided. If two users have the same UID, they have identical access to each users files. GID – Contains the GID used by the system to identify the user’s primary group. GID numbers for users range from 100 to 60000. (Those between 0 and 99 are reserved for system accounts.) comment – Contains the user’s full name. home directory – Contains the full pathname to the user’s home directory. login shell – Defines the user’s login shell, which can be /bin/sh, /bin/ksh, /bin/csh, /bin/zsh, /bin/bash, or /bin/tcsh. By default, if a user does not have a password, then they are automatically prompted to enter a new password during the initial login.
admintool




admintool, enables system administrators to maintain and modify local system files from the following categories: Users Groups Hosts Printers Serial ports Software 运行admintool：log in as root,and run： # admintool &
用户帐户
帐户要素


Login name – User name 定义规则：Each user’s name must be unique and consist of two to eight letters (A_Z, a-z) and numbers (0-9). The first character must be a letter, and at least one character must be a lowercase letter. User names cannot contain spaces.（可以包含： period (.), underscore (_), and hyphen (-)） Password – A combination of six to eight letters, numbers, or special characters. User identification (UID) number – The user’s unique numerical ID for the system. UID numbers for regular users range from 100 to 60000. All UID numbers must be unique. Group identification (GID) number – The unique numerical ID of the group to which the user belongs. Each GID number must be an integer between 100 to 60000. User’s home directory – A directory the user is placed in after login, for creating and storing files. User’s login shell – The user’s work environment is set up by the initialization files defined by the user’s login shell.
修改用户
admintool中：
ＵＩＤ不能修改！ Modify时，不能创建新的home
directory
锁定用户






1. As root, launch admintool from a terminal window in a CDE environment, (if the utility is not already running). 2. In the User Account window, select the login name of the account created earlier. 3. From the Edit menu, select Modify. The Modify User window is displayed 4. From the Password menu, select Account Is Locked to lock the account. 5. Click on OK. 6. Verify： # /etc/shadow the password field set to *LK*
删除用户
1. Select the login name of the user to delete. 2. From the Edit menu, select Delete. The Delete dialog box is displayed. 3. To delete the user, the user’s home directory and its contents from the system, click on the Delete Home Directory box(按钮凹陷表示选中) and then click on Delete. Note –记录下该用户的UID before removing，以便 删除系统中属于该用户的其他文件： # find / -user UID -exec rm {} \;
创建新组
To add a new group to the /etc/group file: 1. From the Browse menu, select Groups. 2. From the Edit menu, select Add. The Add Group window is displayed. 3. Enter the following information: In the Group name field In the Group ID (GID) field In the Members List field, add any secondary members（逗号间隔）. 4. Click on OK.

用户口令
口令规则： Must be 至少six to eight characters in length Should contain at least two alphabetic characters and must contain at least one numeric or special character Must differ from the login ID name Must differ from the previous password by at least three characters Can contain spaces passwd [user name]

/etc/passwd文件


All user accounts are defined in the /etc/passwd file 用户很少需要直接编辑/etc/passwd，而应通过使用admintool, or the command-line tools: useradd, usermod and userdel. The /etc/passwd Entry

创建新用户

ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
. From the Browse menu, select Users. 2. From the Edit menu, select Add. In the Secondary Groups field, specify a GID（或多个Gid，逗号分隔）. The sysadmin group (GID 14) enables non-privileged users to use admintool. 4. To specify a user’s password, select one of the available choices following： Password Status Description Cleared until first login Account does not have a password. The user is prompted to enter a new password at initial login (by default). Account is locked Account is locked. The user cannot log in until you unlock the account. No password—setuid only No one can log in to the account, but you can run account programs, such as lp or uucp. Normal password You can assign a password to the account while adding the new user.（选中这个选项，弹出录入框，供录入口令用） 6．The home Directory（按钮凹陷下去，才创建home directory） 7． admintool 拷贝指定shell的配置文件：admintool copies and renames only the /etc/skel initialization file(s) for the login shell selected for the new user. For example, admintool copies and renames only the .profile file for the Korn and Bourne shells and places it in the user’s home directory. It copies and renames only .cshrc and .login files for C shell users.