条件状语从句、反义疑问句

条件状语从句

引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if, 由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。

如:If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙, 他会帮你的。

其他的连词:

1.unless conj. 除非, 若不, 除非在…的时候

You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.

如果你不早点动身, 你就不能及时赶到那儿。

2. on condition (that)... 在……条件下

I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.

我可以告诉你真相, 条件是你答应保守秘密。

3. supposing conj. 如果, 假如

Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting?

倘若下雨, 我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?

4. provided conj.假如,除非,以……为条件

He will sign the contract provided we offer more favorable terms.

如果我们提出更优惠的条件, 他就会在合同上签字。

另外还有in case, as/so long as

In case it rains, we won’t go there. 如若下雨, 我们就不去了。

As long as you promise to come, I’ll wait for you until you come. 只要你答应, 我就等你来。

在条件状语从句中, 主句用一般将来时, 从句用一般现在时，即“主将从现”

练习

一．在正确的答案下划一条线。

1.Daina ( will go/go/goes) to Europe if she (will pass/pass/passes) the exams .

2. The graduates (will teach/teach/teaches) in the poor village if the Ministry of Education (will agree/ agree/agrees) soon.

3. If there (will be/ are/is) a car accident, they (will call/call/calls) 110 for help at once.

4. If it (won’t/don’t/doesn’t/ isn’t) rainy, we (will take/ take/takes) walk outside.

5. If a UFO (will land/land/lands) in front of me, I (will go/go/goes) in to look for the alien.

二、用所给词的适当形式填空

1.If you ________(feel) tired, you _______________ (have) to have a rest.

2. Where _______ he _________(see) the film if he ________________(have) time?

3. If there __________(be) fewer trees, there _______________( be) more pollution.

4. He _____________(dress) more casually if he ________________( not work) on weekends.

5. If Marcia _____________(live) alone, she ___________________( keep) a pet parrot.

三、翻译句子

15.如果他到的晚了会发生什么事情？What _______________ if he _____________ late?

16. 如果努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。If you_____ _____, you _____ good ________.

17. 他如果看电视太久了，他的父母会不高兴。

If he _ ___ TV too much, his parents __ _ ___ unhappy.

18. 如果我们为他组织生日聚会，大家都会来的。

Everyone ___________________ if we _____________ a birthday party __________ him.

19. 如果明天不下雨，我会和你一起去公园的。If it ____ tomorrow, I___ go to the park ___ you.

反意疑问句

反义疑问句即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。

反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。

陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式(前肯后否)

陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式（前否后肯）

请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法：

1、当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时，附加疑问句中的主语通常用they。但亦可用he，尤其是nobody, no one等作主语，具有否定概念时。如：

Somebody phoned while I was out, didn’t they?

2、当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something时，附加疑问句中的主语一般用it，不用they。如：

Everything seems all right now, doesn’t it?

3、当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时，附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如：

This is important, isn’t it? / These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren’t they?

4、当陈述句为there be结构时，附加疑问句用be there。如：

There’s no help for it, is there? / There’s something wrong, isn’t there?

5、陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时，附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如：

Bob rarely got drunk, did he? / Few people know him, do they?

6、在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中，附加疑问部分一般用will you, won’t you。如：Don’t open the door, will you? / Give me some cigarettes, won’t you?

但是，以let’s开头的祈使句，附加疑问部分用shall we;以let us开头的祈使句，疑问部分用will you。如：Let’s have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we?

Let us go out for a rest, will you?

7、当陈述部分含有情态动词used to时，疑问部分可用usedn’t或didn’t。如：

The old man used to smoke, didn’t he?或usedn’t he?

8、当陈述部分的主语是I，谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时，附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。

I suppose that he’s serious，isn’t he? I don’t think she cares, does she?

巩固练习：

1. I don’t think that the necklace is made of diamond, ________?

A. do I

B. do you

C. isn’t it

D. is it

2. His wife had the carpets and the curtains cleaned, ________?

A. hadn’t

B. had

C. didn’t she

D. did she

3. No one left here yesterday,________?

A. didn’t they

B. did they

C. didn’t one

D. did one

4. Birds rarely build nests in our garden,________?

A. don’t they

B. do they

C. didn’t they

D. did they

5. You must have been to the Great Wall,____________?

A. mustn’t you

B. haven’t you

C. aren’t you

D. must you

6. learning how to repair motors takes a long time,________?

A. doesn’t it

B. don’t they

C. does it

D. do they

7.They must have stayed at home last night,________?

A. mustn’t they

B. haven’t they

C. didn’t they

D. must they

8.Let’s start out early tomorrow morning,________?

A. shall we

B. will you

C. do you

D. can’t you

9.There’s not much news in today’s newspaper,________?

A. isn’t it

B. is it

C. isn’t there

D. is there

10.She’s been a worker here for many years,________?

A. isn’t she

B. is she

C. hasn’t she

D. has she

11.What beautiful flowers,________?

A. aren’t they

B. are they

C. isn’t it

D. is it

12.Mother used to live in a poor village,____________?

A. used she

B. usedn’t she

C. didn’t he

D. did he