冠词的使用规则及练习

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

一、使用定冠词the的场合Page 1

1. 表示自然界被认为“独一无二、唯一”的的名词前, 如:

the sky/ moon/world/earth/Milky Way/mountain/ seaside/wind/rain

2. 特指

①熟知或心照不宣的人或物: Where are the shoes?

②用在第二次提到的人或物的名词前

③用在由短语或从句修饰的名词前

the road to sucess

He is no longer the man that he was fifteen years ago.

④与前面提及的事物有关联的人或者物体

The boy was crying for milk, but the bottle (of his) was empty.

3. 类指

①“the + 单数名词/复数名词” 表示属类

②“the + 形容词/分词” 表示同一类,或者抽象概念

The rich/aged/good

the seeing/previleged/unknown

★该类词做主语的时候,可作集体名词看,谓语动词用复数。但表示某一个人,

某种抽象概念时,谓语动词可用单数。

The unfortunate deserve our sympathy.

The unknown is yet to come.

4.专用名词(指人名、地名、机构名等)

①表示某些国名、某些组织机构、报纸、杂志、书籍、会议、民族、阶级、阶层、信仰、

等名词前,如:

the Atlantic 大西洋the Thames 泰晤士河

the House of Lords 上议院(英国)

The Daily Telegraph《每日电讯报》

②“the +姓氏的复数”表示一家人the Smiths 史密斯一家

③the + 有修饰成分的人名等专用名词

He is the Shakespear of the age.

The Asia of the 20th century suffered from a lot of desease.

④the + 商铺、场所名the baker’/dentist’/barber’

5. 其他规则:

①the+ 形容词/副词最高级, 序数词;only, main, sole, same,following, last, next, opposite,

present, usual, wrong, ultimate, right, principle修饰名词

★注意一些固定表达方式:

first cousin/vilion/child/prize/sight on second thought second to none

②表示方位、左右的名词前

③乐器名称前

④“ by/to the +单位名词”表示“每,每一”注意区分:by the day by day

⑤the + 逢“十”的复数形式in the 1950s

⑥用在表示人体某一部位的名词前,形成习惯用法。如: pull sb’s by the ear/slap sb.

across the face等,该种表达方式强调sb.这个受动者,表示某人被别人拉耳朵,

打耳光。

⑤其他习惯用法

to the ear to the eye at the same time in the end

二、使用零冠词的场合Page 19

1.单数(类)名词用作物质名词,抽象名词表整体见课本第50页第3条

Blood is thicker than water.

Dog do not eat dog.

There is no place like home.

2. 用于一日三餐;

3. 用于日期、节日、季节

4. 学科、语言、运动及游戏类名词注意:the English/Chinese language

5. 同位语或主语补足语,以说明身份、职位、头衔或某种抽象概念。见课本第21页第9条

He is son to my neighbour. (亲属关系)

He was appointed dean of the department.

(dean of the department 是主语补足语,补充说明he的职位)

He turned writer in 2005.

(turn 是系动词,在句子中做表语,补充说明brothers 的身份) 与课本第36页第14条联系起来注意:

①表职或头衔名词做表语的时候,表示独一无二。试比较:

He is dean of the department.

He is a dean of the department.

②名词抽象化,具有形容词的性质, 这些词前面或者后面有very, fully, enough, thoroughly,

less…than, more…than修饰时

He is friend enough to give me timely help.

She is more mother than wife. 与其说她是贤妻,还不如说她是良母。

③倒装的让步状语从句中

Old man though he was, he never stoppped writing.

5. bed, church, college, court, hospital, market, prison, school, sea 和work 等具体名词转化为抽象

的名词,指有关活动时。见课本第26页,注意区分

go the church 去教堂祷告at school 上学

go to the church 上那个教堂去了at the school 去那个学校了

6. 方位名词做状语

The window face north.

7. by+ 交通工具,方式、手段by air/ship/letter

8. 形容词的最高级前有时也可以用零冠词。

①形容词的最高级前可用零冠来加强语气,表示“非常,极其”,有时也可以用不定冠词。

She was in closest touch with us.

He is a most learned scholar in electronics.

②形容词用在倒装的让步状语从句中

Youngest though he is, he is the wisest.

③at (the) least/worst/ best/ leaest/utmost/farthest

9. 以人名作为书名、剧名、电影名时,或者以作者名表示作品时

I’m reading Einstein. (书名时要用斜体,《爱因斯坦转》)

I’m reading Shelly. (雪莱的诗)

10. 被认为是不可数名词的或复数形式的疾病名词, 如:flu, toothache, gout(痛风) , backache,

shingles, hepatitis(肝炎),measles(麻疹) 参见课本第52页第10条He was in bed with flu(流感) for ten days.

I’ve had toothache all night.

相关文档
最新文档