数据挖掘_Dow-Jones Industrial Average (DJIA)(道琼斯工业指数)
英语经济新闻整理
Dow Jones Industrial Average/Dow 道琼斯工业平均指数Standard & Poor’s 500-stock Index 标准普尔500种股票指数U.S. Federal Reserve/the Fed 美国联邦储备委员会Nasdaq Composite Index 纳斯达克综合指数Rally 跌后复涨Central bank 中央银行Monetary stimulus 货币刺激（措施、政策）Fed chairman Ben Bernanke 美联储主席本•伯南克Press/news conference 记者（招待）会，新闻发布会Managing director 执行董事，董事总经理The People’s Bank of China 中国人民银行Year on year 同比Macro-economy 宏观经济Export orders 出口订单Domestic orders 国内订单Authority 当局，官方House-for-pension 以房养老Eldercare(elderly care) program 养老计划House-for-pension eldercare pilot program 以房养老试点计划Eldercare services 养老服务Ministry of Civil Affairs 民政部The State Council （中国）国务院Cabinet 内阁Free trade zone 自由贸易区，自贸区Pilot project 试点项目，样板工程China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone 中国（上海）自由贸易试验区Administrative approval system 行政审批制度Role model 楷模Guiding principle 指导原则Company registration 公司注册Equity ratios 产权比率Power structures 权力机构，权力机关Shutdown 关门，关闭，停摆Across sectors 各行各业Lawmakers 立法者，议员Spending bills 开支、支出议案Furlough 批准休假Department of Justice, Labor and the Treasury 司法部、劳工部和财政部Business days 工作日，营业日Appropriation 拨款Tax dollars （纳税人交的）税金，税款The Defense Department 国防部Services PMI 服务业PMIServices sector 服务业部门Service industry 服务业Pickup （经济）好转Purchasing manager’s index (PMI) 采购经理指数The non-manufacturing sector 非制造业部门National Bureau of Statistics(NBS) 国家统计局Hong Kong’s Hang Seng Index .HIS 香港恒生指数Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) 摩根士丹利资本国际公司Slowdown （经济）走缓，减速Domestic consumption 国内消费Debt ceiling 债务限额International Monetary Fund (IMF) 国际货币基金组织U.S. Congress 美国国会IMF Managing Director Christine Lagarde国际货币基金组织总裁克里斯蒂娜•拉加德Spending bill 花费法案House of Representatives 众议院Health care 卫生保健U.S. Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew 美国财政部部长雅各布·卢Default 违约，拖欠债务，债务违约GOP 大老党（共和党别称）Advanced economies 发达经济体Fiscal accounts 财政账户World bank 世界银行Debt default 债务违约Default on 拖延Government bonds 政府债券，公债，国债Issue 发行（货币、债券等）Reverse currency 储备货币Press briefing 新闻吹风会、媒体通气会Debt ceiling 债务上限Recovery 经济复苏Economic ties 经济关系Debt limitation 债务限额The US Treasury Department/ the Treasury 美国财政部The interest payments of the government bonds 对国债利息的支付Pay the principles through the replacement of old debt by new 用借新还旧的方式兑付本金Interest payments 支付利息Economic recovery 经济复苏Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC) 亚太经合组织Macroeconomic cooperation 宏观经济合作Real gross domestic product(GDP) 实际国内生产总值Hard landing 硬着陆Per capita income 人均收入Swap line 外汇掉期，互换货币协议European Central Bank(ECB) 欧洲央行Swap 互换Euros 欧元Yuan 人民币，元The bilateral currency swap agreement 双边货币互换协议People’s Bank of China(PBOC) 中国人民银行Currency swaps 货币互换Transaction 交易Renminbi internationalization 人民币国际化Royal Bank of Scotland(RBS) 苏格兰皇家银行Liquidity 流动性，流动资金Clearing center 票据交换中心，清算中心HALFOvercapacity 产能过剩Sectors 部门，行业，领域Margins 利润Capacity 生产能力Glut [ɡlʌt] 产品供大于求（本意是吃的过多）Government subsidy 政府补贴Market mechanism 市场机制Private sector 私营部门Restructuring 重组Domestic demand 内需Tax incentive 税收鼓励，税收优惠State-owned 国有的Merge 合并State-owned enterprises(SOEs) 国有企业Brinkmanship 边缘政策The Senate 参议院House of Representative 众议院Federal workers 联邦工作人员Deficit 赤字，亏损，逆差Republicans 共和党人Democrats 民主党人Government shutdown 政府关门，停摆An all-time high 空前高点National Bureau of Statistics(NBS) 国家统计局Economic restructuring 经济结构调整The authorities 当局，官方Industrial output 工业生产、产出Year on year 同比Fixed-asset investment 固定资产投资Infrastructure ['ɪnfrəstrʌktʃə] 基础设施Percentage points 百分点Retail sales 零售额Consumer spending 消费支出Treasury Secretary 财政部长"Meet the Press"《会见新闻界》（或译《与媒体见面》）Consumer confidence消费者信心Blueprint蓝图Third Plenary Session第三次全体会议（三中全会）Urbanization [,ɜːbənaɪ'zeɪʃən] 城镇化Euro zone 欧元区The euro zone economy欧元区经济Advanced economies发达经济体Readings读数Sluggish ['slʌgɪʃ] 不景气的Startups新创公司，初创公司Registering a new company注册新公司The private economy私有经济，私营经济Limited liability company有限责任公司Incorporated company股份公司Paid-in capital实收资本，实缴资本business registration工商登记/注册registered capital注册资本an executive meeting of the State Council国务院常务会议market access市场准入annual inspection of companies公司年检company registration address公司注册地址personal credit个人信用personal credit reports个人信用报告financial institutions金融机构credit cards 信用卡account manager客户经理commercial bank商业银行due dates到期日personal credit records个人信用记录currency manipulator货币操纵国/者，汇率操纵国/者RMB appreciation人民币升值current account经常项目，经常账户surplus顺差，盈余，入超appreciation升值real effective exchange rate实际有效汇率current account surplus经常账户顺差trade-weighted贸易加权的inflation-adjusted通胀调整的，扣除通货膨胀因素的，计入通胀因素的nominal名义上的taking into account考虑到，纳入计算depreciation贬值emerging market新兴市场RMB appreciation 人民币升值Economies 经济体exchange rate adjustment汇率调整G-7 七国集团G-20 二十国集团Omnibus ['ɒmnɪbəs] Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988《1988年综合贸易与竞争力法》manipulate the rate of exchange 操纵汇率effective balance of payments adjustments有效调整国际收支平衡currency manipulator 货币操纵者。
Ch
2-14
Value Weighted Indexes
The S&P 500 is compute by calculating the total market value of 500 firms in the index and the total market value of those firms on the previous day of trading.
Chapter 2
Money Market (货币市场) Capital Market（资本市场） Market Indexes（股票市场指数）
Stock Market Indexes(股价指数) Examples of Indexes –International Examples of Indexes –Domestic Bond Indexes（债券市场指标）
Difference
The S&P 500 is a more broadly based index of 500 firms; The S&P 500 is a market-value-weighted index, and it unaffected by the stock splits.
2-2
Examples of Indexes -International
Dow Jones Average（道琼斯平均数） Standard & Poor’s 500 Composite（标准普尔 500指数） NYSE Composite （纽约证交所综合指数） NASDAQ Composite（那斯达克综合指数） Nikkei 225 & Nikkei 300（日经指数） FTSE (Financial Times of London)（伦敦金融 时报指数） Heng seng Indexes（恒生指数）
艾略特波段理论
艾略特波段理论美国证券分析家拉尔夫•.纳尔逊•.艾略特（R.N.Elliott）利用道琼斯工业指数平均（Dow Jones Industrial Average，DJIA）作为研究工具，发现不断变化的股价结构性形态反映了自然和谐之美。
含义美国证券分析家拉尔夫·.纳尔逊·.艾略特（R.N.Elliott）根据这一发现他提出了一套相关的市场分析理论，精炼出市场的13种型态（Pattern）或谓波（Waves），在市场上这些型态重复出现，但是出现的时间间隔及幅度大小并不一定具有再现性。
尔后他又发现了这些呈结构性型态之图形可以连接起来形成同样型态的更大图形。
这样提出了一系列权威性的演绎法则用来解释市场的行为，并特别强调波动原理的预测价值，这就是久负盛名的艾略特波段理论，又称波浪理论。
艾略特波段理论艾略特波浪理论（Elliott Wave Theory）是股票技术分析的一种理论。
认为市场走势不断重复一种模式，每一周期由5个上升浪和3个下跌浪组成。
艾略特波浪理论将不同规模的趋势分成九大类，最长的超大循环波(grand supercycle) 是横跨200年的超大型周期，而次微波(subminuette)则只覆盖数小时之内的走势。
但无论趋势的规模如何，每一周期由8个波浪构成这一点是不变的。
这个理论的前提是：股价随主趋势而行时，依五波的顺序波动，逆主趋势而行时，则依三波的顺序波动。
长波可以持续100年以上，次波的期间相当短暂。
编辑本段浪中浪关于波浪理论的浪中浪，大浪有中浪，中浪有小浪，小浪还有超小浪，如下图：[1] [2]操作实务艾略特理论认为，不管是多头市场还是空头市场，每个完整循环都会有几个波段。
多头市场的一个循环中前五个波段是看涨的，后三个则是看跌的；而前五个波段中，第一、三、五，即奇数序号，是上升的，第二、四、六波段，即偶数波段中的六波段偶数序号是明显看跌的；第七为奇数序号则是反弹整理。
常用英语缩写(经济、会计、金融).
经济会计金融常用英文缩写-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abb. English Chinesea accepted 承兑AA Auditing Administration （中国)审计署AAA 最佳等级abs. abstract 摘要a/c, A/C account 帐户、帐目a/c, A/C account current 往来帐户、活期存款帐户A&C addenda and corrigenda 补遗和勘误Acc. acceptance or accepted 承兑Accrd.Int accrued interest 应计利息Acct. account 帐户、帐目Acct. accountant 会计师、会计员Acct. accounting 会计、会计学Acct.No. account number 帐户编号、帐号Acct.Tit. account title 帐户名称、会计科目ACN air consignment 航空托运单a/c no. account number 帐户编号、帐号Acpt. acceptance or accepted 承兑A/CS Pay. accounts payable 应付帐款A/CS Rec. accounts receivable 应收帐款ACT advance corporation tax 预扣公司税ACU Asia Currency Unit 亚洲货币单位A.C.V actual cash value 实际现金价值a.d., a/d after date 开票后、出票后ADRS asset depreciation range system 固定资产分组折旧法Adv. advance 预付款ad.val.,A/V ad valorem to (according value)从价Agt. agent 代理人Agt. agreement 协议、契约AJE adjusting journal entries 调整分录Amt. amount 金额、总数Ann. annuity 年金A/P account paid 已付账款A/P account payable 应付帐款A/P accounting period 会计期间A/P advise and pay 付款通知A/R account receivable 应收帐款A/R at the rate of 以……比例a/r all risks （保险)全险Arr. arrivals, arrived 到货、到船A/S, a/s after sight 见票即付A/S，acc/s account sales 承销帐、承销清单，售货清单ASAP as soon as possible 尽快ASR acceptance summary report 验收总结报告ass. assessment 估征、征税assimt. assignment 转让、让与ATC average total cost 平均总成本ATM at the money 仅付成本钱ATM Automatic Teller Machine 自动取款机（柜员机) ATS automated trade system 自动交易系统ATS automatic transfer service 自动转移服务Attn. attention 注意Atty. attorney 代理人auct. auction 拍卖Aud. auditor 审计员、审计师Av. average 平均值a.w. all wool 纯羊毛A/W air waybill 空运提单A/W actual weight 实际重量BA bank acceptance 银行承兑汇票bal. balance 余额、差额banky. bankruptcy 破产、倒闭Bat battery 电池b.b. bearer bond 不记名债券B.B., B/B bill book 出纳簿B/B bill bought 买入票据、买入汇票b&b bed & breakfast 住宿费和早餐费b.c. blind copy 密送的副本BC buyer credit 买方信贷B/C bills for collection 托收汇票B.C. bank clearing 银行清算b/d brought down 转下页Bd. bond 债券B/D bills discounted 已贴现票据B/D bank draft 银行汇票b.d.i. both dates inclusive, both days inclusive 包括头尾两天B/E bill of entry 报关单b.e., B/E bill of exchange 汇票BEP breakeven point 保本点、盈亏临界点b/f brought forward 承前BF bonded factory 保税工厂Bfcy. Beneficiary 受益人B/G, b/g bonded goods 保税货物BHC Bank Holding Company 银行控股公司BIS Bank of International Settlements 国际清算银行bit binary digit 两位数Bk. bank 银行Bk. book 帐册b.l., B/L bill of lading 提货单B/L original bill of lading original 提货单正本bldg. building 大厦BMP bank master policy 银行统一保险BN bank note 钞票BO branch office 分支营业处BO buyer’s option 买者选择交割期的远期合同BOM beginning of month 月初b.o.m. bill of materials 用料清单BOO build-operate-own 建造—运营—拥有BOOM build-operate-own-maintain 建造—运营—拥有—维护BOOT build-operate-own- transfer 建造—运营—拥有—转让b.o.p. balance of payments 收支差额BOT balance of trade 贸易余额BOY beginning of year 年初b.p., B/P bills payable 应付票据Br. branch 分支机构BR bank rate 银行贴现率b.r., B/R bills receivable 应收票据Brok. broker or brokerage 经纪人或经纪人佣金b.s., BS, B/S balance sheet 资产负债表B/S bill of sales 卖据、出货单B share B share B 股B.T.T. bank telegraphic transfer 银行电汇BV book value 票面价值c. cents 分C cash; coupon; currency 现金、息票、通货C centigrade 摄氏（温度)C. A. chartered accountant; chief accountant 特许会计师、主任（主管)会计师C. A. commercial agent 商业代理、代理商C. A. consumers' association 消费者协会C/A capital account 资本帐户C/A current account 往来帐C/A current assets 流动资产C. A. D cash against documnet 交单付款can. cancelled 注销cap. capital 资本CAPM capital asset pricing model 固定资产计价模式C. A. S. cost accounting standards 成本会计标准c. b., C. B. cash book 现金簿CBD cash before delivery 先付款后交货C. C. cashier's check 银行本票C. C contra credit 贷方对销c/d carried down 过次页、结转下期CD certificate of deposit 存单c/f carry forward 过次页、结转CG capital gain 资本利得CG capital goods 生产资料、资本货物C. H. custom house 海关C. H. clearing house 票据交换所Chgs charges 费用Chq. cheque 支票C/I certificate of insurance 保险凭证CIA certified internal auditor 注册内部审计员c. i. f. , C. I. F. cost, insurance and freight 到岸价，货价+保险+运费C. I. T. comprehensive income tax 综合所得税Ck. check 支票C. L. call loan 短期拆放C / L current liabilities 流动负债C. M. A. certificed management accountant 注册管理会计师CMEA, Comecon Council for Mutual Economic Assistance 经济互助委员会CML capital market line 资本市场线性CMO Collateralised Mortgage Obligations 担保抵押贷款债务CMV current market value 现时市场价值CN consignment note 铁路运单CN credit note 贷方通知书c/o carried over 结转后期C. O., C/O cash order 现金汇票、现金订货C. O. certificate of origin 产地证明书Co. company 公司COBOL Common Business Oriented Language 通用商业语言CoCom Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls 多边出口控制协调委员会c. o. d, C. O. D. cash on delivery 货到付款Col. column 帐栏Coll. collateral 担保、抵押物Coll. collection 托收Com.; comm. commission 佣金cont. container 集装箱cont., contr. contract 契约、合同conv., cv., cvt. convertible 可转换的、可兑换的Cor. corpus 本金Cor. correspodent 代理行Corp. corporation 公司CP. commercial paper 商业票据C. P. A certified Public Accountant 注册公共会计师CPB China Patent Bureau 中国专利局CPI consumer price index 消费者价格指数CPM cost per thousand 每一千个为单位的成本CPP current purchasing power 现行购买力Cps. coupons 息票CPT carriage paid to 运费付至......C/R company's risk 企业风险Cr. credit 贷记、贷方CR carrier's risk 承运人风险CR current rate 当日汇率、现行汇率CR cash receipts 现金收入CR class rate 分级运费率CS civil servant; civil service xxx、文职机关CS convertible securities 可转换证券C. S. capital stock 股本CSI customer satisfaction index 顾客满意指数csk. cask 木桶CT corporate treasurer 公司财务主管CT cable transfer 电汇ct crate 板条箱ctge cartage 货运费、搬运费、车费Cts. cents 分CTT capital transfer tax 资本转移税cu cubic 立方CU customs unions 关税联盟cu. cm. cubic centimeter 立方厘米cu. in. cubic inch 立方英寸cu. m. cubic meter 立方米cu. yd. cubic yard 立方码cum. pref. cumulative preference (share) 累积优先（股）cur. curr. current 本月、当月CV convertible security 可转换债券CVD countervailing duties 抵消关税、反倾销税C.V. P. analysis Cost Volume Profit analysis 本---量---利分析C. W. O. cash with order 订货付款Cy. currency 货币CY calendar year 日历年CY container 整装货柜CY container yard 货柜堆场、货柜集散场D degree; draft 度、汇票D/A deposit account 存款帐户D/A document．nbspagainst acceptance 承兑交单d/a days after acceptance 承兑后......日（付款）D. A. debit advice 欠款报单D. B day book 日记帐、流水帐DB method declining balance (depreciation) 递减余额折旧法D. C. F. method discounted cash flow method 现金流量贴现法D/D document．ry draft 跟单汇票D. D.; D/D demand draft 即期汇票D/d; d/d days after date 出票后......日(付款)d. d. dry dock 干船坞DDB method double declining balance (depreciation) 双倍递减余额折旧法D. D. D deadline delivery date 交易最后日期def. deficit 赤字、亏损dem. demurrage 滞期费Depr. depreciation 折旧d. f; D. F.; d. frt. dead freight 空舱费D. G dangerous goods 危险货物diff. difference 差额Dis. discount 折扣、贴现dish'd; dishd dishonored 不名誉、拒付D. I. T double income-tax(relief) 双重所得税（免征）div.; divd dividend 红利、股息D-J Dow Jones & Co. 美国道—琼斯公司DJIA Dow Jones Industrial Average (Stock Index) 道—琼斯工业股票指数DJTA Dow Jones Transportation Average 道—琼斯运输平均数DJUA Dow Jones Utility Average 道—琼斯公用事业平均数DK Don't know 不知道DL direct loan 直接贷款DL discretionary limit 无条件限制DLD deadline date 最后时限Dls. Dol(s) Doll(s) 元DM Deutsche Mark; D-mark; Deutschmark; 德国马克DMCs developing member countries 发展中国家DN date number 日期号DN; D/N debit note 借记通知单DNR do not reduce 不减少do.; dto. ditto 同上、同前D/O delivery order 发货单Doc(s) 凭证、单据、文件doc. att. document．attached 附单据、附件Doc. code document．nbspcode 凭证（单据）编号D. O. G. days of grace 宽限日数DOR date of request 要求日DP; D/P document．nbspagainst payment 交单付款DPI disposable personal income 个人可支配收入DPOB date and place of birth 出生时间和地点DPP damp proofing 防潮的Dr. debit 借记、借方D. R.; DR discount rate 贴现率、折扣率Dr debtor 债务人DR deposit receipt 存单、存款收据dr. drawer 借方DS; d/s days after sight(days' sight) 见票后.......日(付款)ds.; d's days 日dstn. destination 日的地(港)DTC Deposit taking company 接受存款公司DTC Deposit Trust Company 储蓄信托公司dup.; dupl.; dupte. duplicate 副本DVP delivery versus payment 付款交货dy.; d/y day; delivery 日、交货dz dozen 一打E. exchange; export 交易所、输出E. & O. E. errors and omissions excepted 如有错漏，可加更正e.a.o.n. except as otherwise noted 除非另有说明EAT earnings after tax 税后收益EB ex budgetary 预算外EBIT earnings before interest and tax 扣除利息和税金前收益EBS Electronic Broking Service 电子经纪服务系统EBT earning before taxation 税前盈利EC European Community; European Commission 欧洲共同体、欧洲委员会EC export credit 出口信贷EC error corrected 错误更正Ec. exempli causa 例如Ec. ex coupon 无息票ECA export credit agency 出口信贷机构ECAFE Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East 亚洲及远东经济委员会ECE Economic Commission for Europe 欧洲经济委员会ECG Export Credit Guarantee 出口信用担保ECI export credit insurance 出口信用保险ECR export credit refinancing 出口信贷再融资ECT estimated completion time 估计竣工时间ECU European Currency Unit 欧洲货币单位E/D export declaration 出口申报单ED ex dividend 无红利、除息、股利除外EDD estimated delivery date 预计交割日EDI electronic data interchange 电子数据交换EDOC effective date of change 有效更改日期EDP Electronic Data Processing 电子数据自理E. E.; e.e errors excepted 如有错误，可加更正EERI Effective Exchange Rate Indexes of Hong Kong 港汇指数EET East European Time 东欧时间EF export finance 出口融资EF Exchange Fund 外汇基金EFT electronic funds transfer 电子资金转帐EFTA European Free Trade Area (Association) 欧洲自由贸易区（协会）EGM Extraordinary Genaral Meeting 特别股东大会EIB Export-Import Bank 进出口银行EIL WB Economic Integration Loan 世界银行经济一体化贷款EL export license 出口许可证ELI extra low impurity 极少杂质EMF European Monetary Fund 欧洲货币基金EMIP equivalent mean investment period 等值平均投资期EMP end-of month payment 月末付款EMP European main ports 欧洲主要港口EMS European Monetary System 欧洲货币体系EMS express mail service 邮政特快专递EMU European Monetary Union 欧洲货币联盟enc enclosed 停业encl(s) 附件encd. enclosed 附件End. end. endorsement 背书Entd. entered 登记人EOA effective on or about 大约在.......生效EOD every other day 每隔一日EOE European Options Exchange 欧洲期权交易EOM end of month 月底EOQ economic order quantity 最底订货量EOS end of season 季末EOU export-oriented unit 出口型单位EOY end of year 年终EPD earliest possible date 最早可能日期EPN export promissory note 出口汇票EPOS electronic point of sale 电子销售点EPR earnings price ratio 收益价格比率EPR effective protection rate 有效保护率EPS earnings per share 每股收益额、每股盈利额E. P. T excess profit tax 超额利润税EPVI excess present value index 超现值指数EPZ export processing zone 出口加工区ERM exchange rate mechanism 汇率机制ERS Export Refinance Scheme 出口再融资计划ESOP Employee Stock Ownership Plan 职工持股计划Est. estate 财产、xxxEST Eastern Standard Time 美国东部标准时间et seq. et sequents 以下ETA estimated time of arrival 预计到达时间ETD estimated tiem of departure 预计出发时间ETDZ Economic and Technological Development Zone 经济技术开发区ETLT equal to or less than 等于或少于ETS estimated time of sailing 预计启航时间EU European Union 欧盟EUA European Units of Account 欧洲记帐单位ex.; exch exchange 汇兑、况换excl. exclusive 另外、不在内ex cont. from contract 从合同ex cp. ex coupon 无息票ex div. ex dividend 无股息Exp. export 出口Extd. extend 展期EXW ex works 工厂交货价f feet 英尺F dealt in flat 无息交易的f. following (page) 接下页f. fairs 定期集市F. A. face amount 票面金额F. A. fixed assets 固定资产F. A freight agent 货运代理行FA free alongside 启运港船边交货FABB Fellow of the British Association of Accountants and Auditors 英国会计师和审计师协会会员FAC facility 设施、设备f.a.c. fast as can 尽快FACT factor analysis chart technique 因素分析图解法fad. free delivery (discharge, dispatch) 免费送货F. A. F. free at factory 工厂交货FAIA Fellow of the Association of International Accountants 国际会计协会会员F. A. Q fair average quality （货品）中等平均质量F. A. S. free alongside ship 发运地船边交货价FASB Financial Accounting Standards Boards 财务会计标准委员会FAT fixed asset transfer 固定资产转移FAT factory acceptance test 工厂验收试验FB foreign bank 外国银行F. B. E. foreign bill of exchange 外国汇票F. C. fixed capital 固定资本F. C. fixed charges 固定费用F. C. future contract 远期合同fc. franc 法郎FCA Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants 特许会计师学会会员FCG foreign currency guarantee 外币担保FCL full container load 整货柜装载FCL/LCL full container load/less (than) 整装/分卸FCR forwarder's cargo receipt 货运代理行收据FCT forwarding agent's certificate of transport 货运代理行领货证fd. fund 资金FDB method fixed rate on declining balance method 定率递减余额折旧法FDI foreign direct investment 外商直接投资FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 联邦储蓄保险公司FE foreign exchange 外汇FE future exchange 远期外汇FF French franc 法国法郎fib free into barge 驳船上的交货价FIBC financial institution buyer credit policy 金融机构买方信贷险FIFO first in, first out 先进先出法fin. stadg.(stndg.) 资信状况fin. stat. (F/S) 财务报表fin.yr. financial year 财政年度FINA following items not available 以下项目不可获得FIO free in and out 自由进出F. I. T free of income tax 免交所得税fl. florin 盾FLG finance lease guarantee 金融租赁担保flt. flat 无利息FMV fair market value 合理市价FO free out 包括卸货费在内的运费fo. folio 对折、页码FOB free on board （启运港）船上交货、离岸价格FOB airport FOB airport (启运) 机场交货（价）FOBST free on board stowed and trimming 包括清理及平仓的离岸价格F.O.C. free of charge 免费FOCUS Financial and Operations Combined Uniform Single Report 财务经营综合报告FOK fill or kill 要么买进或卖出，要么取消FOR free on rail (or road) 铁路或（公路）上交货价for'd., fwd forward; forwarded 转递FOREX foreign exchange 外汇FOS free on steamer 蒸汽船上交货（价）FOUO for official use only 仅用于公事FOW, f. o. w. free on wagon （启运站）火车上交货（价）FOX Futures and Options Exchange 期货和期权交易所FP floating policy 浮动政策FP fully paid 已全付的FRA forward rate agreement 远期利率协议FRCD floating rate certificate of deposit 浮动利率存单frt., frgt. forward 期货、远期合约free case no charge for case 免费事例FREF fixed rate export finance 固定利率出口融资frt. & grat. freight and gratuity 运费及酬金Frt. fwd freight forward 运费待付Frt. ppd freight prepaid 运费已付FS final settlement 最后结算FSR feasibility study report 可行性研究报告FTW free trade wharf 码头交易FTZ free trade zone 自由贸易区fut. futures 期货、将来FV face value 面值FVA fair value accounting 合理价值法FWD forward (exchange) 远期合约F.X. foreign exchange 外汇FX broker foreign exchange broker 外汇经纪人fxd fixed 固定的FXRN fixed rate note 定息票据FY fiscal year (financial year) 财政（务）年度fy. pd. fully paid 全部付讫FYI for your information 供您参考g gallon; grain; gram (s) ;gold 加仑；格令；克; 金G. A. general agent 总代理商、总代理人GA go ahead 办理、可行GAAP general Accepted Accounting Principles 通用会计准则GAAS Generally Accepted Auditing Standard 通用审计标准GAC General Administration of Customs 海关总署gal., gall gallon 加仑gas. gasoline 汽油GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税及贸易总协定GCL government concessional loan 政府优惠贷款GDP gross domestic product 国内生产总值gds. goods 商品、货物GJ general journal 普通日记帐GL general ledger 总分类帐gm. gram(s) 克GMP graduated payment mortgage 递增付款按揭GND gross national demand 国民总需求GNE gross national expeditures 国民支出总额GNP gross national product 国民生产总值GOFO gold forward rate 黄金远期利率GP gross profit 毛利GPP general purchasing power 总购买能力gr. (grs.) gross weight 毛重GR gross revenue 毛收入GS gross sales 销售总额GSP generalised system of preferences 普惠制GTM good this month 本月有效GTW good this week 本星期有效HAB house air bill 航空托运单HAWB house air waybill 航空托运单HCA historical cost accounting 历史成本会计hdqrs. headquarters 总部hg. hectogram 一百公克HIBOR Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate 香港银行同业拆借利率hifo highest-in, first-out 高入先出法H. in D. C. holder in due course 正当持票人Hi-Q high quality 高质量HIRCS high interest rate currencies 高利率货币hi-tech high technology 高技术HKD Hong Kong dollar 香港元HKI Hong Kong Index 香港指数hl. hectoliter 百升hldg. holding 控股Hon'd honored 如期支付的HSCPI Hang Seng Consumer Price Index 恒生消费价格指数HSI Hang Seng Index 恒生指数hwevr. however 无论如何Hz hertz 赫兹I. A. intangible assets 无形资产I & A inventory and allocations 库存和分配IAS International Accounting Standard 国际会计标准IB investment banking 投资银行（业)I. B. invoice book 发票簿IBA International Bank Association 国际银行家协会IBBR interbank bid rate 银行间报价利率I. B. I invoice book inward 购货发票簿IBNR incurred but not reported 已发生未报告I. B. O. invoice book outward 销货发票簿IBOR inter-bank offered rate 银行间的拆借利率ICB international competitive bidding 国际竞标ICIA International Credit Insurance Association 国际信用保险协会ICJ International Court of Justice 国际法庭ICM international capital market 国际资本市场ICONs index currency option notes 指数货币期权票据ICOR incremental capital-output ratio 资本—产出增量比I. C. U. International Code Used 国际使用的电码IDB industrial development bond 工业发展债券IDB Inter-American Development Bank 泛美开发银行IDB inter-dealer broker 交易商之间经纪人IDC intangible development cost 无形开发成本IDR international depositary receipt 国际寄存单据IE indirect export 间接出口I. F. insufficient fund 存款不足IFB invitation for bids 招标邀请I. G. imperial gallon 英制加仑IL, I/L import licence 进口许可证ILC irrevocable letter of credit 不可撤销信用证IMF International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织imp. import 进口，输入Inc. incorporated 注册（有限)公司incl. inclusive 包括在内incldd. included 已包含在内incldg. including 包含inl. haul inland haulage 内陆运输费用INLO in lieu of 代替Ins, ins. insurance 保险inst. instant 即期、分期付款Instal., instal. installment 分期付款Int., int. interest 利息inv., Inv. invoice 发票、付款通知in trans (I. T.)在(运输)途中inv.doc./attach. invoice with document．nbspattached 附提货单的发票Inv't., invt. inventory 存货I-O input-output 输入--输出IOU I owe you 借据IOV inter-office voucher 内部传票IPN industrial promissory note 工业汇票IPO initial public offering 首次发售股票IQ import quota 进口配额IR Inland Revenue 国内税收I. R. inward remittance 汇入款项IRA individual retirement account 个人退休金帐户IRA interest rate agreement 利率协议IRR interest rate risk 利率风险IRR internal rate of return 内部收益率irred. irredeemable 不可赎回的IRS interest rate swap 利率调期IS International System 公制度量衡ISIC International Standard Industrial Classification 国际标准产业分类IT information technology 信息技术IT international tolerance 国际允许误差I/T income tax 所得税ITC investment tax credit 投资税收抵免ITO International Trade Organization 国际贸易组织ITS intermarket trading system 跨市场交易系统IV investment value 投资价值J., Jour. journal 日记帐J. A. (J/A) 联合（共管）帐簿J. D. B. journal day-book 分类日记帐J/F, j/f journal folio 日记帐页数J. V. joint venture 合资经营企业J. V. journal voucher 分录凭单JVC joint venture company 合资公司K. D. knocked down 拆散K. D. knocked down price 成交价格kg kilogram 千克kilom. kilometer 千米kv kilovolt 千伏kw kilowatt 千瓦KWH kilowatt-hour 千瓦小时L listed (securities)（证券）上市L., (Led.) ledger分类帐L. lira 里拉L. liter 公升L. A. (L/A) 授权书L. A. liquid assets 流动资产L. B. letter book 书信备查簿LB licensed bank 许可银行lb pound 磅LC (L/C) 信用证LCL/FCL less than container load/full container load 拼装/整拆LCL/LCL less than container load/less than container load 拼装/拼拆L.& D. loans and discounts 放款及贴现L&D loss and damage 损失和损坏ldg. loading 装（卸）货L/F ledger folio 分类帐页数LG letter of guarantee 保函Li. liability 负债LI letter of interest (intent) 意向书lifo (LIFO) last in,first out 后进先出法L. I. P. (LIP) life insurance policy人寿保险单LIRCs low interest rate currencies 低利率货币L/M list of materials 材料清单LMT local mean time 当地标准时间LRP limited recourse project 有限追索项目LRPF limited recourse project financing 有限追索项目融资i. s. lump sum 一次付款总额i. s. t. local standard time 当地标准时间-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 常用经济类缩写词（中英文对照）LT long term 长期Ltd. limited 有限（公司）m million 百万M matured bond 到期的债券M mega- 百万M milli- 千分之一m. meter, mile 米、英里M&A merger & acquisition 兼并收购MA my account 本人帐户Mat. maturity 到期日Max., max maximum 最大量M. B. memorandum book 备忘录MBB mortgage-backed bonds 抵押支持的债券MBO management by objectives 目标管理M/C marginal credit 信贷限额m/c metallic currency 金属货币MCA mutual currency account 共同货币帐户MCP mixed credit program 混合信贷计划M/d months after deposit 出票后......月M. D. maturity date 到期日M. D. (M/D) memorandum of deposit 存款(放)单M. D. malicious damage 恶意损坏mdse. merchandise 商品MEI marginal efficiency of investment 投资的边际效率mem. memorandum 备忘录MERM multilateral exchange rate model 多边汇率模型M. F. mutual funds 共同基金MF mezzanine financing 过渡融资mfg. manufacturing 制造的MFN most favoured nations 最惠国mfrs. manufacturers 制造商mg milligram 毫克M/I marine insurance 海险micro one millionth part 百万分之一min minimum 最低值、最小量MIP monthly investment plan 月度投资计划Mk mark 马克mks. marks 商标mkt. market 市场MLR minimum lending rate 最低贷款利率MLTG medium-and-long-term guarantee 中长期担保M. M. money market 货币市场mm millimeter 毫米MMDA money market deposit account 货币市场存款帐户MMI major market index 主要市场指数MNC multinational corporation 跨（多）国公司MNE multinational enterprise 跨国公司MO (M. O.) meney order 汇票mo. month 月MOS management operating system 经营管理制度Mos. months 月MP market price 市价M/P months after payment 付款后......月MPC marginal propensity to consume 边际消费倾向Mrge.(mtg. ) mortgage 抵押MRJ materials requisition journal 领料日记帐MRO maintenance, repair and operation 维护、修理及操作MRP manufacturer's recommended price 厂商推荐价格MRP material requirement planning 原料需求计划MRP monthly report of progress 进度月报MRR maintenance, repair and replace 维护、修理和替换M/s months of sight 见票后.......月msg message 留言MT medium term 中期M/T mail transfer 信汇mthly monthly 每月MTI medium-term insurance 中期保险MTN medium-term note 中期票据MTU metric unit 米制单位n. net 净值N. A. net assets 净资产n. a not available 暂缺N. A. non-acceptance 不承兑NA not applicable 不可行N. B. nota bene 注意NC no charge 免费N/C net capital 净资本n. d. no date 无日期N. D. net debt 净债务n. d. non-delivery 未能到达ND next day delivery 第二天交割NDA net domestic asset 国内资产净值N.E. net earnings 净收益n. e. no effects 无效n. e. not enough 不足negb. negotiable 可转让的、可流通的Neg. Inst., N. I. negotiable instruments 流通票据nego. negotiate 谈判N. E. S. not elsewhere specified 未另作说明net. p. net proceeds 净收入N/F no fund 无存款NFD no fixed date 无固定日期NFS not for sale 非卖品N. G. net gain 纯收益NH not held 不追索委托N. I. net income 净收益N. I. net interest 净利息NIAT net income after tax 税后净收益NIFO next in, first out 次进先出法nil nothing 无NIM net interest margin 净息差NIT negative income tax 负所得税N. L. net loss 净损失NL no load 无佣金n. m. nautical mile 海里NM no marks 无标记N. N. no name 无签名NNP net national product 国民生产净值NO. (no.)编号、号数no a/c no account 无此帐户NOP net open position 净开头寸NOW a/c negotiable order of withdrawal 可转让存单帐户N/P net profit 净利NP no protest 免作拒付证书N. P. notes payable 应付票据NPC nominal protection coefficient 名义保护系数NPL non-performing loan 不良贷款NPV method net present value method 净现值法N. Q. A. net quick assets 速动资产净额NQB no qualified bidders 无合格投标人NR no rated （信用）未分等级N/R no responsibility 无责任N. R. notes receivable 应收票据N. S. F. (NSF) no cufficient fund存款不足NSF check no sufficient fund check 存款不足支票nt. wt. net weight 净重NTA net tangible assets 有形资产净值NTBs non-tariffs barriers 非关税壁垒ntl no time lost 立即NTS not to scale 不按比例NU name unknown 无名N. W. net worth 净值NWC net working capital 净流动资本NX not exceeding 不超过N. Y. net yield 净收益NZ$ New Zealand dollar 新西兰元o order 订单o. (O.) offer发盘、报价OA open account 赊帐、往来帐o/a on account of 记入......帐户o. a. overall 全面的、综合的OAAS operational accounting and analysis system 经营会计分析制OB other budgetary 其他预算O. B. ordinary business 普通业务O. B. (O/B) order book订货簿OB/OS index overbought/oversold index 超买超卖指数OBV on-balance volume 持平数量法o. c. over charge 收费过多OC open cover 预约保险o/d, o. d.,(O. D.) overdrawn透支OD overdraft 透支O/d on demand 见票即付O. E. (o. e. ) omission excepted遗漏除外O. F. ocean freight 海运费OFC open for cover 预约保险O. G. ordinary goods 中等品O. G. L. Open General License 不限额进口许可证OI original issue 原始发行OII overseas investment insurance 海外投资保险ok. all correct 全部正确o. m. s. output per manshift 每人每班产量O. P. old price 原价格O. P. open policy 不定额保险单opp opposite 对方opt. optional 可选择的ord. ordinary 普通的OS out of stock 无现货O/s outstanding 未清偿、未收回的O. T. overtime 加班OTC over-the -counter market 市场外交易市场OVA overhead variance analysis 间接费用差异分析OW offer wanted 寻购启示OWE optimum working efficiency 最佳工作效率oz ounce(s)盎司ozws. otherwise 否则p penny; pence; per 便士；便士；每P paid this year 该年（红利)已付p. pint 品托（1/8加仑)P.A. particular average; power of attorney 单独海损；委托书P.A. personal account; private account 个人账户、私人账户p.a., per ann. per annum 每年P&A professional and administrative 职业的和管理的P&I clause protection and indemnity clause 保障与赔偿条款P&L profit and loss 盈亏，损益P/A payment of arrival 货到付款P/C price catalog; price current 价格目录；现行价格P/E price/earning 市盈率P/H pier-to-house 从码头到仓库P/N promissory note 期票，本票P/P posted price (股票等)的牌价PAC put and call 卖出和买入期权pat. patent 专利PAYE pay as you earn 所得税预扣法PAYE pay as you enter 进入时支付PBT profit before taxation 税前利润pc piece; prices 片，块；价格pcl. parcel 包裹pd paid 已付per pro. per procurationem （拉丁)由...代理PF project finance 项目融资PFD preferred stock 优先股pk peck 配克（1/4蒲式耳)PMO postal money order 邮政汇票P.O.C. port of call 寄航港，停靠地P.O.D. place of delivery 交货地点P.O.D. port of destination; port of discharge 目的港；卸货港P.O.R. payable on receipt 货到付款P.P. payback period （投资的)回收期P.P.I. policy proof of interest 凭保证单证明的保险利益POE port of entry 报关港口POP advertising point-of-purchase advertising 购物点广告POR pay on return 收益PR payment received 付款收讫PS postscript 又及PV par value; present value 面值；现值q. quarto 四开，四开本Q. quantity 数量QB qualified buyers 合格的购买者QC quality control 质量控制QI quarterly index 季度指数qr. quarter 四分之一，一刻钟QT questioned trade 有问题交易QTIB Qualified Terminal Interest Property Trust 附带可终止权益的财产信托quad. quadruplicate 一式四份中的一份quotn. quotation 报价q.v. quod vide (which see)参阅q.y. query 查核R option not traded 没有进行交易的期权R. response; registered; return 答复；已注册；收益r. rate; rupee; ruble 比率；卢比；卢布RAD research and development 研究和开发RAM diverse annuity mortgage 逆向年金抵押RAN revenue anticipation note 收入预期债券R&A rail and air 铁路及航空运输R&D research and development 研究与开发R&T rail and truck 铁路及卡车运输R&W rail and water 铁路及水路运输R/A refer to acceptor 洽询（汇票)承兑人R/D refer to drawer （银行)洽询出票人RB regular budget 经常预算RCA relative comparative advantage 相对比较优势RCMM registered competitive market maker 注册的竞争市场自营商rcvd. received 已收到r.d. running days=consecutive days 连续日RDTC registered deposit taking company 注册接受存款公司Re. subject 主题re. with reference to 关于RECEIVED B/L received for shipment bill of lading 待装云提单REER real effective exchange rate 实效汇率ref. referee; reference; refer(red)仲裁者；裁判；参考；呈递REO real estate owned 拥有的不动产REP import replacement 进口替代REP Office representative office xxx处，代表处REPO, repu, RP Repurchase Agreement 再回购协议req. requisition 要货单，请求REVOLVER revolving letter of credit 循环信用证。
数据挖掘简介
数据挖掘简介数据挖掘简介2010-04-28 20：47数据挖掘数据挖掘(Data Mining)是采用数学、统计、人工智能和神经网络等领域的科学方法，从大量数据中挖掘出隐含的、先前未知的、对决策有潜在价值的关系、模式和趋势，并用这些知识和规则建立用于决策支持的模型，为商业智能系统服务的各业务领域提供预测性决策支持的方法、工具和过程。
数据挖掘前身是知识发现(KDD)，属于机器学习的范畴，所用技术和工具主要有统计分析(或数据分析)和知识发现。
知识发现与数据挖掘是人工智能、机器学习与数据库技术相结合的产物，是从数据中发现有用知识的整个过程。
机器学习(Machine Learning)是用计算机模拟人类学习的一门科学，由于在专家系统开发中存在知识获取的瓶颈现象，所以采用机器学习来完成知识的自动获取。
数据挖掘是KDD过程中的一个特定步骤，它用专门算法从数据中抽取模式(Patterns)。
1996年，Fayyad、Piatetsky-Shapiror和Smyth将KDD过程定义为：从数据中鉴别出有效模式的非平凡过程，该模式是新的、可能有用的和最终可理解的；KDD是从大量数据中提取出可信的、新颖的、有效的，并能被人理解的模式的处理过程，这种处理过程是一种高级的处理过程。
数据挖掘则是按照既定的业务目标，对大量的企业数据进行探索，揭示隐藏其中的规律性，并进一步将其设计为先进的模型和有效的操作。
在日常的数据库操作中，经常使用的是从数据库中抽取数据以生成一定格式的报表。
KDD与数据库报表工具的区别是：数据库报表制作工具是将数据库中的某些数据抽取出来，经过一些数学运算，最终以特定的格式呈现给用户；而KDD则是对数据背后隐藏的特征和趋势进行分析，最终给出关于数据的总体特征和发展趋势。
报表工具能制作出形如"上学期考试未通过及成绩优秀的学生的有关情况"的表格；但它不能回答"考试未通过及成绩优秀的学生在某些方面有些什么不同的特征"的问题，而KDD就可以回答。
道指除数计算公式
道指除数计算公式
道指除数（Dow Divisor）是用于计算道琼斯工业平均指数（Dow Jones Industrial Average, DJIA）的一个关键数值。
道琼斯工业平均指数是一个价格加权指数，它衡量的是30家大型美国公司的股票价格。
然而，由于股票分割、股息支付、公司替换等原因，直接使用这些公司的股票价格来计算平均数是不准确的。
因此，道指除数被引入来作为一个调整因子，确保指数的历史连续性。
道指除数的计算公式并不是直接给出的，因为它是由道琼斯公司的专家根据一系列复杂的因素来定期调整的。
然而，我们可以理解道指除数是如何影响道琼斯工业平均指数的计算的。
道琼斯工业平均指数（DJIA）的计算公式大致如下：
DJIA = (ΣP) / 道指除数
其中，ΣP 表示30家成分股的价格之和。
道指除数是一个小于1的数，它的作用是调整股票价格的总和，以反映股票分割、替换、股息支付等因素对指数的影响。
如果没有这些调整，指数的历史比较就会变得困难，因为股票价格的绝对变化会掩盖其相对表现。
道指除数是由道琼斯公司的指数委员会定期调整的，以确保指数
的连续性和可比性。
这些调整通常是在股票分割、股息支付、公司替换等事件发生后进行的。
需要注意的是，由于道指除数是道琼斯公司的专有信息，普通投资者无法直接计算或获取其精确值。
我们只能通过观察道琼斯工业平均指数的变化来间接了解道指除数的影响。
《旅游管理专业英语》(第二版) 讲义 Lesson09 Leverage
Leverage is related to torque; leverage is a factor by which lever multiplies a force. The useful work done is the energy applied, which is force times distance. Therefore a small force applied over a long distance is the same amount of work as a large force applied over a small distance. The trick is converting the one into the other.The simplest device for creating leverage is the lever. A lever is a stick which rests on a fulcrum () near one end. When you push the long end of the stick down a long ways, the short end moves a small distance up with great force. With this device a man can easily lift several times his own weight.Other common devices that achieve leverage include the wrench, various pulley arrangements, a jack, and hydraulic brakes.For instance, in finance people think of money as "force." Given a relatively small initial amount of force (money), you can use that as collateral for a much larger loan, which gives you a larger amount of money (force) to throw around. Therefore in finance it is common to call debt "leverage."In accounting and finance, the amount of long-term debt that a company has in relation to its equity. The higher the ratio, the greater is the leverage. Leverage is generally measured by a variation of the debt-to-equity ratio, which is calculated as follows: Long-term liabilities/Total stockholders’ equity. A company’s optimal leverage depends on the stability of its earnings. A company with consistently high earnings can be more leveraged than a company with variable earnings, because it will consistently be more likely to make the required interest and principal payments.BusinessA profitable business with good credit and cash flow may be able to borrow at rates well below the rate at which they can earn money in their core business or other projects by utilizing the borrowed capital. Several methods are used to look at what rate of return a corporation can earn money. See return on assets and return on equity. Any time a business can earn more money than what they can borrow at, the corporation will be more profitable over the period of time in which they can do so.FinanceIn finance leverage takes the form of borrowing money and reinvesting it with the hope to earn a greater rate of return than the cost of interest. Leverage allows greater potential return to the investor than otherwise would have been available. The potential for loss is greater because if the investment becomes worthless, not only is that money lost, but the loan still needs to be repaid. A margin account is a common way of utilizing the concept of leverage in investing.Another form of creating leverage using financial instruments is through the use of options. The purchase of a call option on a security gives the buyer the right to purchase the underlying security at a given price in the future. If the price of the underlying security rises, the value of the call option will rise at a rate much greater than the value of the underlying security. However if the rate of the call option falls or does not rise, the call option may be worthless, involving a much greater loss than if the same money had been invested in the underlying instrument.Leverage and riskUtilizing leverage amplifies the potential gain from an investment or project, but also increases the potential loss. This increased risk may be perfectly acceptable or even necessary to reach the goals of the entity or person making the investment. In fact, precisely managing risk utilizing strategies including leverage and securities purchases, is the subject of a discipline known as financial engineering"Slippage"In a rising market, the compounding associated with a leveraged portfolio leads to greater gains; in a declining market, the compounding of a leveraged portfolio may lead to larger losses. However, in a flat market with volatility, the compounding of a leveraged portfolio will cause the portfolio to under perform an identical unleveraged portfolio. Because the percentage increase in a leveraged portfolio is higher by the same ratio as the decrease is higher.ExampleA 100 index going to 110 is a 10% increase. A 110 index going to 100 is a % decrease. In a 200% leveraged index it's a 20% increase, to 120, and a 18.17% (9.09*2) decrease to 98.2.If a target index gains 10% on one day before returning to the original level the next day, a 2.0 beta portfolio will lose 1.8% of its value, and a 1.25 beta portfolio will lose 0.3% of its value.Real worldDuring the 1970s the stock market were "flat". On 31-Dec-79 the Dow Jones Industrial Average closed at 838.74, on 19-Nov-69 it closed at 839.96 ([1] (/q/hp?s=%5EDJI&a=00&b=15&c=1969&d= 00&e=15&f=1980&g=d)). An unleveraged portfolio of DJIA would have ended with the same price as it began the decade (and would have lost value through inflation). A 200% leveraged portfolio holding the DJIA during that period would have lost all of its value.。
新闻英语常用的 缩略词( acronym )： 1
新闻英语常用的缩略词（acronym ）：1. ABM: anti-ballistic missile （反弹道导弹）2. AIDS. acquired immune deficiency syndrome （爱滋病）（后天免疫力缺乏症）3. ASEAN: Association of South Asian Nations （东南亚国家联盟）（东盟）4. CBRC: China Banking Regulatory Commission （中国银行业监督管理委员会）（中国银监会）5. CEPA Mainland and Hong Kong: Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement（关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排）6. CIA: Central Intelligence Agency （中英情报局）7. CIS: Commonwealth of Independent States （独立国家联合体）（独联体）8. CISR :China Insurance Regulatory Commission （中国保险监督管理委员会）（中国保监会）9. CNPC: China National Petroleum Corporation （中国石油天然气集团公司；中石油）10. CPC: Communist Party of China （中国共产党）11. CPPCC: Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference （全国人民政治协商会议）12. CSRC: China Securities Regulatory Commission （中国证券监督管理委员会）（中国证监会）13. DJI: Dow-Jones Index （道琼斯指数）14. EST: Eastern Standard Time （美国东岸时间）（美国东部标准时间）15. FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization （粮食农业组织）（粮农组织）16. FBI: Federal Bureau of Investigation （联邦调查局）17. GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade （美税及贸易总协定）18. GMT: Greenwich Mean Time （格林威治标准时间）19. HKEx ＝Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Ltd . （香港交易及结算所有限公司；港交所）20. HKSC: Stock Exchange of Hong Kong/Hong Kong Stock Exchange （香港联合交易所）（联交所）21. ICBM: Inter-continental Ballistic Missile （洲际弹道导弹）22. ICJ: International Court of Justice （国际法庭）23. ILO: International Labor Organization （国际劳工组织）24. IMF:International Monetary Fund （国际货币基金）25. IMF:International Monetary Fund （国际货币基金组织）26. IOC: International Olympic Committee （国际奥林匹克委员会）（国际奥委会）27. IRO: International Refugee Organization （国际难民组织）28. MP: member of parliament （国会议员）29. NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration （美国太空总署）（美国（国家）宇航局）30. NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization （北大西洋公组织织）31. NPC: National Peopl es Congress （全国人民代表大会）（全国人大）32. OAU: Organization of African Unity （非洲统一组织）33. OPEC: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries （石油输出国组织）（欧佩克）34. PC: personal computer （个人电脑）35. PLA ＝Peoples Liberation Army （人民解放军）36. PLO: Palestine Liberation Organization （巴勒斯坦解放组织）（巴解组织）37. PM: prime minister （首相）38. PR: public relations （公共关系）39. RP: Republic of the Philippines （菲律宾共和国）40. SALT: strategic arms limitation talks （限制战略武器会谈）41. SDI: strategic defence initiative （战略防御措施）42. SEHK: Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Ltd （香港交易及结算所有限公司；港交所）43. SFC: Securities and Futures Commission （证券及期货事务监察委员会）（证监会）44. SFO: Securities and Futures Ordinance （（香港）证券及期货条例）45. SNP ＝China Petroleum amp Chemical Co. （中国石油化工股份有限公司；中石油）46. TP: traffic policeman （交通警察）47. UFO: unidentified flying object （不明飞行物体）48. UNESCO: United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization（联合国教育科学文化组织）（联合国教科文化组织）49. UNGA: United States General Assembly （联合国大会）50. UNICEF: United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund （联合国儿童基金会）51. UNSC: United Nations Security Council （联合国安全理事会）52. UNTC:United Nations Trusteeship Council （联合国托管委员会）53. VIP: very important person （重要人物）54. WHO: World Health Organization （世界卫生组织）55. WTO：World Trade Organization （世界贸易组织）。
股市行情的英文表达
股市行情表达1. Dow Jones Industrial Average up 123.72 points.道琼工业指数上涨 123.72 点.股价的涨跌最简单的说法就是 up和 down, 这两个字可以当形容词(be 动词+ up) 或是动词 (up 前不加 be 动词) 来用, 例如Microsoft 股票涨了一又四分之三块, 老美就会说 "Microsoft up 1 and third fourths." (动词) 或是"Microsoft was up one and third fourths." (形容词) 不过一般而言, up 和 down 当动词的用法较常见.2. High techs are mixed and Intel is unchanged.高科技类股涨跌互见, 英代尔股价持平.股票除了涨和跌之外, 还有二种情况, 一种就是有些涨有些跌, 这在英文里叫 mixed, 中文翻成涨跌互见, 至于如果是平盘, 英文叫unchanged. (简写 unch, 常在电视上看到) 另外还有一种说法 flat, 指的则是股价在平盘附近差价不大, 例如 ADI 的股票昨天收盘是 78,今天一早涨了 1/16, 那这种情形你就可以说 ADI was flat in the morning.3. The NASDAQ is trading higher in the record region.那斯达克指数上涨, 来到历史新高区.涨和跌除了最简单的 up 和 down之外, 还有很多讲法, 像 higher跟 lower这两个字主播也很喜欢用. 例如今天一开盘就道琼指数上涨主播就会说, "The stock opened higher.", 如果是收盘时下跌则是"The stock ended lower." 另外他们也很喜欢用 be trading higher(lower) 或 be moving higher (lower) 来表示个股的股价逐步走扬或是逐步走低. 例如例句: "The NASDAQ is trading higher." 指的就是那斯达克指数逐步走高。
波浪理论
波浪理论的结构形式分析
第4浪: 第4浪是行情大幅涨升后的调整,通常以较复杂的型态出现,经常出现"倾斜三角 形"的走势,但第4浪的底部不会低于第1浪的顶点. 形成过程中高价股往往小幅回 落,而低价股则大幅上窜下跳.
波浪理论的结构形式分析
第5浪: 在股市中第5浪的涨势通常小于第3浪,且经常出现失败的情况,广泛性和力度 稍弱,但市场情绪相当乐观,常常可以听到某些分析师的"豪言壮语" ,人人赚钱.市场 上原来的领头羊现在已退居二线.
第一次回撤至延长浪的起点后价格再次上升,回试延长浪的顶点并越过顶点继续 上升 第一次回撤至延长浪的起点后价格再次上升,回试延长浪的顶点并越过顶点 后开始下跌
波浪理论的结构形式分析
各波浪的特性
第1浪: (1)几乎半数以上的第1浪,是属于营造底部型态的一种,第1浪是循环的开始,空 头市场跌势未尽,买方力量并不强大,加上空头继续存在卖压,因此,在这类第1浪上 升之后出现第2浪调整回落时,其回档的幅度往往很深; (2)另外半数的第1浪,出现 在长期盘整完成之后,在这类第1浪中,其行情上升幅度较大,一般第1浪的涨幅通常 是5浪中最短的. (3)形成过程中市场资金充裕,但经济仍处于不景气,成交量及市场 宽度出现明显的增加.
波浪理论的结构形式分析
数浪的原则 形态是波浪理论的基础,正确的数浪方法是波浪理论的分析前提.最基本的数浪规 则有以下几条: ①第3浪永远不可能是1—5浪中最短的一浪. ②第4浪的浪底不能低于第1浪的浪顶.(倾斜三角形例外) ③交替原则:"在几乎所有波浪的运行中,其波浪的型态可以说是维 持着交替出现的形式. 市场不会以同样的方式演变:后一次顶,底部的形成方式决不 会与上一次一样. 如果第二浪以简单形态出现,那么第四浪倾向于以复杂形态出现, 反之亦然.(第四浪以复杂形态出现的概率很高,它通常会在低一个级别的第四小浪 范围内完成其调整走势.) ④延长规则: 1,3,5浪中只有一浪延长,其它两浪长度和运行时间相 似.
道琼斯指数（DowJonesindex）
道琼斯指数（Dow Jones index）The Dow Jones Indexes Dow Jones index is an arithmetic average stock index. The Dow Jones index is the oldest stock index in the world, and its full name is the stock price average. Usually, the Dow Jones index is probably the first Average group in the Dow Jones index (Dow Jones Industrial).The Dow Jones index was first compiled by Charles Doug, founder of the Dow Jone am Co in 1884. The Dow Jones average stock price index is based on the 11 representative railway companies calculate was compiled using the arithmetic mean method, published in Charles Doug's own editor published in the "Daily" on communication. The formula is: the average of the stock price = the sum of the selected shares and the quantity of the selected sharesDow Jones indexThe index aims to reflect the general trend of the U.S. stock market, covering financial, technology, entertainment, retail and other industries.Editor's note Dow Jones Industrial AverageThe Dow Jones Industrial Average currently consists of the "Wall Street journal" editorial department of maintenance, the selection criteria of its constituent stocks including sustainable development companies, large scale, high reputation, representative of the industry, and for the majority of investors. Currently, the 30 components of the Dow Jones industrial average are representative of blue chip stocksin the United states. The subtle changes in the mysterious index give hundreds of millions of people consternation or ecstasy, which is no longer an ordinary financial indicator, but a symbol of the world's financial culture.Edit this section, Dow Jones index definitionThe Dow Jones average, the Dow Jones stock price index, is the world's most influential and widely used stock index. It takes part in the New York Stock Exchange listing representative stock company as the object of compilation, which consists of four stock average index are: 1. To the 30 famous industrial company shares for the preparation of the Dow Jones industrial average index object; the 20 famous transportation company stock for the preparation the Dow Jones Transportation Average Stock price index; the stock 15 famous utilities for the preparation of object Dow Jones utilities average stock price index; based on the above three average stock price index of 65 company stock for the preparation of object Dow Jones composite index. In four the Dow Jones stock index, the Dow Jones industrial average stock price index is the most famous, it has been widely reported in the mass media, and as a representative of the Dow Jones index quote. The Dow Jones index was compiled and published by the American press group, Dow Jone am Co, in its Wall Street journal. The first time in the history of the Dow Jones index released in July 3, 1884, when the index of samples including 11 kinds of stock, by the co-founder of Dow Jone am Co, "the Wall Street journal" the first editor Charles Henry Doug (Charles l851-1902 Henry Dow) system. Since October 1, 1928 the stocks increased to 30 and has remained there, but as the sample company has experienced manyadjustment. The Dow Jones average is the arithmetic average stock index.Edit the Dow Jones stock averageSummarySince 1897, the Dow Jones industrial average stock price index and the transportation industry began to divide into two categories, including industrial average stock price index includes 12 stock, transportation average index includes 20 stocks, and published in Dow Jone am Co began publishing the "Wall Street journal". In 1929, the Dow Jones Stock Price Index added utility stocks, bringing in 65 of its shares, and so far. Now the Dow Jones average stock price index in October 1, 1928 as the base period, because the day of closing the Dow Jones average share price was about $100, so it is the base date. After the stock price compared to the base period with the calculated percentage, becomes each period of stock price index,And pay attention to the stock split after the average stock price index adjustment. The Dow Jones average was released every half an hour during the New York stock exchange. The three reason is the average stock price index since the establishment has never stopped, can be used to compare different periods of stock market and economic development, has become one of the United States stock market reflect the most sensitive to changes in average stock price index, is to observe the market dynamics and stock investment from the main reference. But because the Dow Jones stock price index is a stock index, which includes the company currently accounted for only more than2500 listed companies in a few, but mostly hot stocks, and not the service industry rapid development in recent years and the financial industry companies included, so its representative has also been questioned and criticized by people the. Since May 1996 25, the Dow Jones China stock index has been compiled for China's stock market. As of April 1, 1998, the Shanghai and Shenzhen two cities share 88 stocks as its constituent stocks, so called Dow Jones China 88 stock index. The Dow Jones index, in general, refers to the Dow Jones industrial average price index, which is a representative, wide range of applications, the role of prominent stock index. The Dow Jones average of 30 industrial stocks was released in May 26, 1896.Edit this section Dow Jones China Index ClassificationIn March 17, 2008, the New York - Dow Jone am Co index today announced a revision of some of its components in the Dow Jones index series. The Dow Jones index (Chinese 88 in 88), the Dow Jones index, Dow Jones 50 Chinese overseas Chinese index (TAO), the Dow Jones index (Shanghai Road Shanghai), the Dow Jones index in Shenzhen (deep) and the first financial China 600 index (DJ CBN 600 China) of the constituent changes will take effect on March 24, 2008. After the adjustment, the Shanghai and Shenzhen 88 stock market tracking the largest and most liquid in the channel 88 will replace the 8 stocks, adjusted the index contains stock market value of about Shanghai and Shenzhen A shares accounted for 44.52% of the total market capitalization of the market circulation. After adjustment, the Shanghai stock market in the component stocks increased from 63 to 67, while the Shenzhen stock market decreased from 25 to 21. The road in the 88 constituent stocks of the Shanghai stock marketcapitalization, the proportion is 82.43%, the Shenzhen stock accounts for 17.57%. A change in the constituent stock of the 88 index was the result of a semi annual review of the index. In order to provide Chinese and global investors with an accurate tool to track the Chinese stock market, the Dow index series uses the same strict standards as the Dow Jones Global average. The preparation of the Dow Jones index shares index selection and index, excluding state-owned shares and unlisted shares, so as to provide investors with an accurate representation of the index, which reflects the actual number of shares investors can trade. When the Dow calculates the current market value to select the constituent stock, it is not included in the large holdings. Dow Jone am Co in May 27, 1996 to commemorate the launch in 1896, the most widely reported global market index, the Dow Jones Industrial Average - released in 100th anniversary, the grand launch of the road in 88, Shanghai and Shenzhen index. These 3 indices are December 31, 1993, number is 100. November 5, 2007, the Dow Jone am Co index Department announced today that the Dow Jones China Index constituent stocks adjusted. According to the principle of fast forward, since November 7, 2007, the PetroChina Co Ltd (oil and gas, ; 0857.HK; 601857.SH) will replace the TCL group Limited by Share Ltd (personal and household goods, 000100.SZ) become the 88 index component stocks Chinese jones. At the same time, PetroChina will also be included in the Dow Jones China Index and the Dow Jones Shanghai index. October 10, 2007, the Dow Jone am Co index Department announced today,On the Dow Jones China 88 index (Dow 88), the Dow Jones China Index (Dow), the Dow Jones Shanghai index (Tao Shanghai) constituent stocks to adjust. According to the principle offast forward, China Shenhua Energy Co (basic resources, 1088.HK; 601088.SH) and China Co truction Bank Corp (bank, 0939.HK; 601939.SH) will be included in the Road 88, road and road Shanghai index. China Shenhua and Construction Bank began listing on the Shanghai stock exchange in October 9, 2007 and September 25, 2007 respectively. At the same time, Jiangxi Guangdong Jiangxi Expressway Limited by Share Ltd (industrial supplies and services, 600269.SH) and Anhui BBCA Biochemical Limited by Share Ltd (food and beverage, 000930.SZ) will be excluded from the Tao 88.Edit this section of the Dow Jones index memorabilia1906 January 12, 1906 ~2008, the first rise to 100 points, to close at 100.25 points. In October 28, 1929, fell 38.33 points, or up to 13% days. In March 12, 1956, it crossed 500 points for the first time, closing at 500.24. In November 14, 1972, the first time to break through 1000 points, to close at 1003.16. It fell to 577.60 in December 6, 1974, the lowest in nearly 12 years and the worst performance since the bear market in 30s. In January 8, 1987, the first break through 2000 points, to close the transaction at 2002.25 points. In October 19, 1987, it plunged 508 points, or a record 22.6%, to close at 1738.74, a day known as "black Monday"". For the first time in April 7, 1991, it rose to 3000 points to close at 3004.46. In February 23, 1995, the first time to break through 4000 points to close at 4003.33 points. In November 21, 1995, the first time to break through 5000 points to close at 5023.55 points. In October 14, 1996, the first time to break through 6000 points to close at 6010 points. For the first time in February 23, 1997, it rose to 7000 points to close at 7022.44. In the 89 trading day thatis up 1000 points, the index hit the fastest jump in 1000 points record. For the first time in July 16, 1997, it rose to 8000 points to close at 8038.89. On October 27, 1997, plunged 554.26 points, or 7.2%, to close at 7161.15 points, a record of the day down; and, for the first time the stock market regulations enabled the stop plate, because the decline is too large, the stop plate and early closing day twice. October 28, 1997, the sharp rise of 337.17 points, the highest rise in record points. April 6, 1998, the first break through the 9000 mark, to close at 9033.23 points. In August 31, 1998, fell 512.61 points, the 8000 break point. March 16, 1999, after the first time to break through the 10000 mark, but after the checkpoints closed at 9930.47 points. In March 29, 1999, it closed for the first time in 5 figures, to close at 10006.78. April 26, 2007, to close at 13000 points. October 11, 2007 saw a record high of 14198 points so far. October 6, 2008, the financial crisis, fell 10000 points to close at 9962 points. In October 10, 2008, a record low of 7884 points, to close at 8451 points. In March 2, 2009, affected by the financial crisis fell below 6800 points, is the lowest since April 1997 March 10, 2009, affected by factors such as Citibank profit, up 379 points, hit a 08 year high since November September 14, 2009, breaking the 10000 point integer markEdit the history of Dow Jones indexThe Dow Jones industrial index was first released in May 26, 1896, the average number of 12 shares it symbolizes the most important industry in the United states. To date, only Ge remains in the index in the 12 components. The remaining 11 are listed below (in the order of the company's English name):The United States cotton oil manufacturing company, formerly known as Bestfoods, is now part of Unilever's American sugar company, now Amstar Holdings, the American Tobacco companies,In 1911 for violating antitrust law was forced to split Chicago Gas Co, in 1897 was acquired by Peoples Gas Light & Coke Co. (now the people's energy company) Distilling & Cattle Feeding Company, Millennium Chemicals Laclede Gas is Light Company The Laclede Group, still with the name National Lead operation Company, now NL Industries company in North America. In 1940s the bankruptcy of Tennessee coal and iron and railway company, in 1907 by the American Iron and steel American Fur Company's dissolution in 1952 U.S. rubber company, in 1967 changed its name to Uniroyal (2000: Uniroyal), acquired by Michelin in 1990 when it was first released when the index was 40.94. It is calculated as an average index, first of all the prices of all the constituent stocks, and then divided by the number of shares. In 1916, the number of stocks in the Dow Jones industrial average increased to 20, the last in 1928 increased to 30. By November 14, 1972, the average was above 1000 points for the first time (1003.16 points). After 1980s, especially in 1990s, you can see a very rapid growth in the average index. In November 21, 1995, it surpassed 5000 points for the first time (5023.55 points). By March 29, 1999, the Dow Jones Industrial Average closed at 10006.78 points, more than 10000 point mark for the first time. Just a month later, in May 3rd, it closed at 11014.70 points, the first time more than 11000 points. But by the middle of 2002, it returned to the 8000 point level in 1998. In October 9, 2002, the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell to a low of 7286.27, which is since October 1997 the lowest closing.However, at the end of 2003, the Dow Jones industrial index returned to the level of 10000 points. In October 19, 2006, black Monday 19th anniversary days, the Dow Jones industrial index exceeded 12000 points, in April 25, 2007 after the first break 13000 points, closing point number is 13089.89, the highest ever see 13107.45 points. In July 19, 2007, the Dow Jones industrial average index topped 14000 points, closing point number is 14000.41, the highest ever see 14015.85 points, 13089.89 points from April 25th, 14000.41 to July 19th, only three months. Although after fell, but in early October and then break before the high, reached a record high of 14198.1. Due to the impact of the U. S. subprime mortgage, November 2007 began to decline, and in October 6, 2008, fell below 10000 points again. Since then, a sharp fall. By October 9th, it fell below 9000.The Dow Jones Industrial Average biggest one-day percentage decline occurred in the "black Monday" in 1987, when the average index fell 22.6%. The biggest one-day point decline occurred in September 29, 2008, when the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 777.68 points to close 10365.45 points. But then a series for subprime mortgages because of financial policy innovation, in October 13, 2008 the largest single day record inflation record. The Dow Jones industrial index rose 936.42 points to close 9387.61 points.Edit this section of the Dow Jones index founderCharles Henry Doug, a small farmer who has only been a primary school student, has become an excellent financial journalist by self-study. Edward Davis Jones, graduated from BrownUniversity, was as grumpy as his red beard showed. Charles Milfort Bergstrice, because the surname is too long, lost forever in the history of the opportunity. In November 1882, two young reporters Charles Doug and Edward Jones Dow Jone am Co was established in 15 Wall Street, a small office, then all their belongings only a typewriter and a phone,. The company's first business is only two pages of evening news. The text of the customer evening news is about stock market related information. In the early days, in order to save money, the two managers can only copy the evening paper, 24 copies of poor paper. Soon after the company was founded,Third partner journalist Charles Bergstrice joined, but the company name did not change. In 1884, they launched an index containing 11 stocks. Among them, the average price of 9 railway companies and 2 steam turbine companies, which is also the prototype of the Dow Jones index. In July 8, 1889, the evening paper changed to the Wall Street journal, which specializes in reporting stock information. In May 26, 1896, Charles Doug's Wall Street journal published the first average price index for 30 industrial stocks, the Dow Jones index, which is often called the Dow Jones index. In March 1902, Dow Jone am Co sold Clarence Byron, a news mogul, for $130 thousand. Charles died in the same year, but the stock index he founded has been a profound influence on the world economy, and has continued so far. In August 1, 2007, media magnate Murdoch news group bought Dow Jones for $5 billion 600 million.Edit this section of the Dow Jones indexThe individual components of the Dow Jones Industrial Averageoccasionally because of the market environment to change, they are chosen by the "Wall Street journal" editor. When the company is replaced, it will adjust the proportion of the individual, so that the average index is not subject to the direct impact of the company's replacement. In November 1, 1999, Chevron, The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, excluding Sears company and union carbide from the Dow, joined Intel, Microsoft, home depot and southwest Bell Co. Intel and Microsoft to become the first two from the NASDAQ Exchange to the Dow company. In April 8, 2004, international paper, AT&T and Eastman Kodak were replaced by Pfizer, Verizon and aig. In December 1, 2005, AT&T returned to the Dow Jones Industrial average. In February 19, 2008, Altria group (Altria Group) and Honeywell International Inc. (Honeywell) is from the Dow Joan industrial average, joined the Bank of America and Chevron. In September 22, 2008, Kaf Foods Co., Ltd. became the Dow Jones constituent group instead of aig.The Dow Jones Industrial AverageCompany stock code (listed below according to company stock code)Alcoa Corp aluminum AAAmerican Express financial services AXPBoeing aerospace BABank of America, bank BACTraveler's Insurance TRVCaterpillar Inc heavy duty machinery CATChevron oil CVXDuPont Co chemical DDDisney entertainment, DISGeneral Electric, electronic and financial services, GE CISCO Internet services CSCOThe home depot retail, Home Furnishing improved HD Hewlett-Packard Co computer hardware and printer HPQInternational Business Machines hardware, software and services IBMIntel microprocessor INTCJohnson pharmaceuticals Ltd. Pharma JNJJP Morgan chase financial services JPMCoca Cola Co drinks KOKaf food and food processing KFTMcDonald's fast food, franchising, MCD3M raw materials, electronics, MMMMerck pharmaceuticals, pharmaceuticals, MRKMicrosoft software MSFTPfizer Inc pharmaceuticals PFEProcter & Gamble household products, pharmaceutical, PGAT&T Telecom TUnited Technologies Company airlines, defense UTXVerizon Telecom VZWAL-MART retail WMTExxon Mobil Corp oil XOMEditing the Dow Jones index was criticizedSome people have criticized the Dow, because it is a price weighted average, which makes the stock price more thanlow-priced stocks in average influence. This could lead to misleading results, such as a $1 increase in cheap shares that could easily be offset by a fall of $1 in high priced stocks, even if the relative percentage of low-priced shares grew very large. In addition, the average index includes only 30 stocks also caused additional criticism, because the Dow is widelyregarded as the overall market performance index. For these reasons, standard & Poor's 500 became more widely available,And more often as a more realistic indicator of broader market performance.。
证券英文名称
证券英文名称CAC-40 Index 法国巴黎CAC-40指数Dow Jones industrial average（DJIA）道琼斯工业指数Frankfurt DAX Index 德国法兰克福DAX指数London's FTSE 100 英国伦敦金融时报指数NASDAQ，National Association of Securities Deal Automated Quotations 那斯达克Nikkei Index 日经指数NYSE，New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所Paris Bourse 巴黎证券交易所the Russell 2000 拉塞尔2000指数the Standard and Poor's 500 标准普尔500指数--------------------------------------------------------------------------------a bear market熊市a bull market牛市bench mark指标blue chip绩优股bonus share 红股component index成份指数convertible bond可转换债券core / non-core assets 核心/非核心资产corporate bond 企业债券debt-for-equity swap 债权转股权deceptive accounting 虚假帐务earning report 业绩报表financial irregularities /improprieties 金融违规行为financial reorganization 金融重组financial statement 财务报表fund custodian bank 基金托管银行fund manager 基金经理/管理公司high-tech sector高科技板块income statement 损益表industrial stock工业股票inflate profits 虚报盈利listed company / delisted company 上市公司/被摘牌的公司record high （股票指数）创历史新高red chips红筹股return on equity股本回报率share, equity, stock 股票、股权bond, debenture, debts 债券negotiable share 可流通股份convertible bond 可转换债券treasury /government bond 国库券/政府债券corporate bond 企业债券closed-end securities investment fund 封闭式证券投资基金open-end securities investment fund 开放式证券投资基金fund manager 基金经理/管理公司fund custodian bank 基金托管银行market capitalization 市值p/e (price/earning) ratio 市盈率mark-to-market 逐日盯市payment versus delivery 银券交付clearing and settlement 清算/结算commodity/financial derivatives 商品/金融衍生产品put / call option 看跌/看涨期权margins, collateral 保证金rights issue/offering 配股bonus share 红股dividend 红利/股息ADR(American Depository Receipt)美国存托凭证/存股证GDR(Global Depository Receipt) 全球存托凭证/存股证retail / private investor 个人投资者/散户institutional investor 机构投资者broker/dealer 券商proprietary trading 自营insider trading/dealing 内幕交易market manipulation 市场操纵prospectus招股说明书IPO(Initial Public Offering)新股/初始公开发行merger and acquisition收购兼并the big board 大盘the ups and downs of the stock market股市行情treasury/government bond 国库券/政府债券Wall Street华尔街windfall profit暴利（公司治理 corporate governance股权 equities股权收益 return on equity柜台市场 over-the-counter/otc指在证券交易所以外进行证券交易的广泛市场。
step-by-step unit 3第三册教学内容
HK$ 2,670
London gold:
US $ 289
Tapescripts: 5. Consumer electronics maker Philips Electronics reported a lower than expected profit for last year. The company made about $2.4 billion, more than $300 million below estimates. Oil company Royal Dutch Shell posted its earnings. It made roughly a $3.6 billion profit for its fourth quarter. That was essentially in line with Street expectations. Electronic Data Systems also reported its fourth quarter numbers last night. It posted a 70-cent profit per share, two cents better than expectations.
income tax rates? The United States House of Representatives.
Tapescripts:
4. The world's largest maker of computer chips, Intel, has announced job cuts after a fall in demand for its products. Intel said it expected its revenue in the first quarter of this year to fall by a quarter than the same period last year. The California-based company plans to reduce its 85,000-strong work force by 5,000.
生词本
释义：n.道琼斯工业指数Compound释义：n.复合物, 化合物(筑有围墙的)院子(围起来的)场地释义：vt.使混合, 使合成使严重; 使恶化音标：D.J.[ˈkɔmpaund]K.K.[kɑmˈpaＵnd]Length释义：n.一段, 一节长, 长度; 距离音标：leŋθaverage释义：adj.平均的平常的, 普通的释义：link v.平均为, 平均达释义：n.平均; 平均数释义：vt.求…的平均数音标：’ævəridʒtransferred释义：n.转移的,调动的,转让的provided释义：conj.如果, 假如只有…才…; 以…为条件音标：prəˈvaididsecurity释义：n.安全抵押品有价证券音标：siˈkjuəritioverall释义：adj.总体的; 全面的;综合的全面考虑的释义：adv.大体上,总的来说一切包括在内, 全部的释义：n.长罩衣工装裤; 工作裤音标：’əuvərɔ:lcrush释义：n.拥挤的人群释义：vi.挤进, 挤入释义：vi.(伤口)流血; 渗出水汽释义：vt. 音标：vi.哭泣音标：wi:ppledge释义：n.保证; 誓言信物抵押品释义：vt.典当释义：vt. 音标：vi.保证, 许诺; 发誓音标：pledʒdrift释义：n.漂移, 漂流吹积物;堆积物趋势, 动向, 倾向大意,要点, 主旨释义：vi.漂, 漂流漂泊, 流浪音标：driftbleed释义：vi.流血释义：vt.勒索; 敲诈音标：bli:dravage释义：n.破坏; 蹂躏; 坏的结果释义：vt. 音标：vi.毁坏;蹂躏劫掠, 抢劫音标：’rævidʒdespite释义：prep.不管, 尽管音标：disˈpaitdamn释义：adj.该死的释义：adv.非常释义：n.一点点, 丝毫释义：vt.罚…入地狱受罪严厉批评使彻底失败, 毁掉音标：dæmcuriosity释义：n.好奇心,爱打听的癖性奇人,奇物, 珍品音标：ˌkjuəriˈɔsitirange释义：n.一系列变化幅度,范围射程,距离(山)脉释义：vi.变化释义：vt.排列音标：reindʒwit释义：n.风趣,善于说俏皮话的能力心智, 才智音标：witdiplomatic释义：adj.外交上的,外交人员的有手腕的,策略的, 善于交涉的, 圆滑的音标：ˌdipləˈmætikdepression释义：n.忧伤, 消沉,沮丧经济大萧条,不景气时期凹陷,洼地低气压(地区)音标：diˈpreʃənrequirement释义：n.要求, 必要条件需要, 需要的东西音标：riˈkwaiəməntade释义：n.果汁饮料音标：eidcontainer释义：n.容器集装箱, 货柜音标：kənˈteinəadequate释义：adj.充分的, 足够的适当的, 胜任的音标：’ædikwitpermit释义：n.许可许可证, 执照释义：vt. 音标：vi.允许; 许可音标：pəˈmitcurrent释义：adj.现在的, 现行的通用的, 通行的, 被普遍接受的释义：n.水流, 气流电流趋向,趋势, 倾向音标：’kʌrəntbureau释义：n.局, 办事处, 分社音标：’bjuərəuproof释义：n.证明, 论证; 证据,证物校样, 样张音标：pru:fstand or fall释义：adv.好坏音标：bovine释义：adj.牛的, 关于牛的迟钝的, 笨拙的音标：’bəuvaintouching释义：adj.令人同情的, 感人的, 动人的音标：’tʌtʃiŋcanal释义：n.运河管道音标：kəˈnælnoticeable释义：adj.显而易见的, 明显的, 显著的音标：’nəutisəblpeculiar释义：adj.奇怪的, 异常的特有的, 独具的〈非正〉不舒服, 有病的音标：piˈkju:ljəresourceful释义：adj.资源丰富的,足智多谋的音标：riˈsɔ:sfulconsideration释义：n.体贴, 关心考虑;要考虑的事报酬, 补偿费音标：kənˌsidəˈreiʃənomit释义：vt.省略, 遗漏;删掉忘记做音标：əuˈmitexclude释义：vt.排除; 不包括在内音标：iksˈklu:dabundant释义：adj.大量的, 充足的音标：əˈbʌndənthumorous释义：adj.富幽默感的,滑稽的,诙谐的,想入非非的,异想天开的音标：’hju:mərəsserve as释义：n.充当, 担任音标：serve up释义：n.端上桌, 上菜提供, 发送音标：witty释义：adj.〈褒〉机智的,言辞巧妙的; 情趣横生的音标：’witias a result释义：n.结果, 因此音标：fix on释义：n.把…固定住,把…集中在…上确定, 选定音标：somewhat释义：adv.稍微, 有点, 达到某种程度音标：’sʌmhwɔtfit into释义：n.(使)适合,(使)合乎…的时间〔空间〕, 与…融为一体音标：fit in with释义：n.(使)适合, (使)与…一致音标：fit on释义：n.把…安上试穿音标：fit up释义：n.装备必需品放置好, 安装好,临时做成…给(某人)安排住处给(某人)硬套罪名serve on释义：n.在…任职serve out释义：n.分发口粮,服满音标：essential释义：adj.必不可少的, 绝对必要的; 非常重要的本质的, 实质的, 基本的释义：n.要素, 要点必需品音标：iˈsenʃəlruth释义：n.怜悯,悲哀音标：ru:θtear down释义：n.拆毁; 拆卸音标：tear at释义：n.撕; 扯破音标：tear across释义：n.匆匆地穿过;把…撕成两半音标：tear释义：n.眼泪, 泪水释义：vi.飞奔释义：vt.使烦恼; 使痛苦释义：vt. 音标：vi.撕, 扯;(使)分裂猛然撕掉, 拔掉音标：tiəhold back释义：n.阻碍, 阻止控制; 抑制隐瞒, 保留犹豫不决音标：hold to释义：n.紧握坚持音标：immediate释义：adj.立即的, 即刻的;紧迫的目前的, 当前的直接的最接近的音标：iˈmi:diətanticipate释义：vt.先于…行动预感, 期望音标：’ænˈtisipeitneglect释义：n.忽略, 疏忽, 玩忽被忽略的状态释义：vt.疏忽; 忽略; 遗漏音标：niˈɡlektmiraculous释义：adj.奇迹般的, 超自然的音标：miˈrækjuləslogic释义：n.逻辑(学),逻辑性推理方法合理的想法音标：’lɔdʒikproposal释义：n.提议; 建议求婚音标：prəˈpəuzəlclassify释义：vt.分类; 归类音标：’klæsifaisigh释义：n.叹息, 叹气释义：vt. 音标：vi.叹气, 叹息音标：saicategorize释义：vt.把…归类; 把…列作音标：’kætəɡəraizevaluate释义：vt.评价, 估计, 估价音标：iˈvæljueithold out释义：n.伸出, 张开拿出, 提出,提供顶住, 坚持呈现隐瞒, 保密音标：result in释义：n.引起, 导致; 以…为结局音标：result from释义：n.产生于…, 由…引起音标：influential释义：adj.有影响的, 有权势的音标：ˌɪnfluˈenʃəlselection释义：n.选择, 挑选被挑选的人[事物]; 选萃, 选集可供选择的东西音标：siˈlekʃənsubtle释义：adj.微妙的; 难以捉摸的;细微的狡猾的, 狡诈的敏感的,敏锐的, 有辨别力的音标：sʌtlfamiliar释义：adj.熟悉的, 通晓的冒昧的,放肆的随便的, 非正式的音标：fəˈmiljəsneak释义：adj.鬼鬼祟祟的; 诡秘的;偷偷摸摸的释义：n.鬼鬼祟祟的人释义：vi.潜行; 偷偷溜走释义：vt.偷窃音标：sni:kbe cognizant of释义：v.认识到音标：be free from释义：n.免于…音标：be free of释义：n.免于音标：be free with释义：v.直爽,坦白音标：negotiate释义：vt.兑现(支票等)释义：vt. 音标：vi.谈判; 协商; 议定音标：niˈɡəuʃieitbring in释义：n.把…拿进来,带进来收获(庄稼等)赚(钱), 挣(钱)音标：bring into释义：n.把…拿入, 带入(某处),使达到…,使清楚地被人理解〔知道〕使开始生效音标：bring back释义：n.带回(某人或某物);还回(某物)回忆〔回顾, 回想起〕(往事)使(某人)恢复(某状态)音标：bring forward释义：v.提出,提前,显示have cognizance of释义：v.认识到,对…有审理权音标：cognizant释义：adj.察知的, 认识(某事物)的音标：’kɔɡnizəntin defect of释义：adv.缺少音标：defect释义：n.缺点, 过失, 瑕疵释义：vi.变节, 叛变, 脱离音标：D.J.[diˈfekt]K.K.[ˈdiˌfɛkt, dɪˈfɛkt]be pressed for释义：v.缺少(时间),缺乏(财力)音标：run short of释义：n.缺乏, 不够音标：robotization释义：n.自动化,像机器一样的行为音标：ˌrəubətaiˈzeiʃənrepetitious释义：adj.重复的音标：ˌrepiˈtiʃəsrepetitive释义：adj.重复的, 啰嗦的音标：riˈpetitivfalse释义：adj.不真实的, 错误的假的, 伪造的不忠实的, 虚伪的音标：fɔ:ls rigid释义：adj.刚硬的; 僵硬的;不弯曲的严格的; 死板的; 不变的音标：’ridʒidstark释义：adj.僵硬的, 光秃秃的,荒凉的完全的, 全然的音标：stɑ:kstraitlaced释义：adj.严格的,固执的,刻板的音标：’streɪtˈleɪststriped-pants释义：adj.过于注重形式的,刻板的,礼貌上的音标：’straiptpænts,ˈstraipid-iterant释义：adj.重复的,复述的音标：’itərəntiterative释义：adj.重复的,反复的,迭代的释义：n.反复体音标：’itərətivdonkeywork释义：n.苦役音标：’dɔŋkiwə:kpleonastic释义：adj.冗言的,重复的音标：ˌpli:əuˈnæstikreduplicate释义：adj.重复的释义：v.重复音标：riˈdju:plikeitrepeated释义：adj.反复的, 再三的, 重复的statement释义：n.声明, 陈述结算单, 报表音标：’steitmənttax释义：n.税, 税额释义：vt.向…征税消耗精力; 使劳累音标：tækssevere释义：adj.严重的, 剧烈的严厉的, 严肃的艰难的, 严峻的,辛苦的朴素的, 纯朴的音标：siˈviəpresentation释义：n.提供, 显示外观授予(物),赠送(仪式)报告表演音标：ˌprezənˈteiʃənwillingly释义：adv.自动地,欣然地音标：volitionally释义：adv.意志地,有意志力地音标：persevere释义：vi.坚忍, 坚持音标：ˌpə:siˈviəhang on释义：n.紧紧抓住坚持下去等候音标：hold on释义：n.等一等, 停一停抓紧不放〈口〉别挂电话坚持音标：carry on释义：n.经营, 从事, 忙于非正〉继续进行voluntarily释义：adv.自动地,以自由意志音标：’vɔləntərilienvied释义：adj.被人妒忌的;被人羡慕的音标：’envidenvy释义：n.妒忌; 羡慕释义：vt.妒忌; 羡慕音标：’envicut short释义：n.突然停止音标：break short释义：v.使突然停止,终止音标：break off释义：n.(使)分离; (使)脱离停止; 断交音标：break away释义：n.突然离开;突然挣脱与…决裂; 从…退出改掉; 放弃音标：cut off释义：n.剪〔切, 砍〕下切〔隔〕断,阻碍迅速离开(疾病等)使(人)死亡不留遗产音标：hold over释义：n.延期; 延续保留, 留用继续上映音标：grasp释义：n.抓住; 理解释义：vt.抓住, 抓紧理解, 领会音标：ɡrɑ:sp音标：endure释义：vi.持续, 持久, 坚持下去释义：vt. 音标：vi.(长时间地)忍受, 忍耐, 容忍音标：inˈdjuəkeep on释义：n.继续前进;继续工作继续穿着〔戴着〕继续雇用;继续使用或占有反复提及;抱怨(使)继续朝…行进(使)继续服药〔接受训练〕音标：postpone释义：vt.延期; 推迟音标：ˌpəustˈpəunprorogue释义：vt.使(议会)休会音标：prəˈrəuɡshelve释义：vi.(陆地)逐渐倾斜释义：vt.将(书等)放置在架子上将…搁在一边音标：ʃelvsweeping释义：adj.包罗万象的,一扫而光的笼统的, 泛泛的音标：’swi:piŋconsequence释义：n.结果, 后果重要(性), 重大音标：’kɔnsikwənsconstant释义：adj.始终如一的,恒久不变的不断的,连续发生的忠实的, 忠诚的defer释义：vi.服从某人的意愿, 遵从释义：vt.拖延, 延缓, 推迟音标：diˈfə:remit释义：vt.免除(债务); 宽恕使某事缓和释义：vt. 音标：vi.寄回, 传送音标：riˈmitcharacteristic释义：adj.特有的, 典型的音标：ˌkæriktəˈristikbrightness释义：n.光亮,明亮,聪明,智慧,亮度音标：’braitnissense释义：n.官能, 感官辨别, 领悟, 感觉识别力; 常识; 见识健全的心智; 思维能力;理性道理; 目的意义, 意思释义：vt.感觉到; 意识到; 发觉音标：sensacquire释义：vt.获得, 得到, 养成音标：əˈkwaiəretain释义：vt.保持; 保留止住; 容纳音标：riˈteinfar-reaching释义：adj.深远的音标：’fɑ:ˈri:tʃiŋextensive释义：adj.广阔的, 广泛的;大量的, 大规模的音标：iksˈtensiv音标：’kɔnstəntcomplaints and claims释义：n.投诉与索赔音标：delight释义：n.快乐, 高兴使人高兴的东西或人释义：vi.感到高兴[快乐]释义：vt.使高兴, 使欣喜音标：diˈlaitrelieve释义：vt.缓解, 消除, 减少换班, 换岗音标：riˈli:vsource释义：n.河流的源头, 发源地来源,出处原因提供资料者, 资料来源音标：sɔ:sposition释义：n.方位, 位置地位, 身份职位,职务姿势, 姿态状态, 状况, 境况,形势态度, 立场阵地释义：vt.将(某物)放在(某一)位置上音标：pəˈziʃəndrifter释义：n.漂流物,流浪者,漂网渔船音标：’driftəvagabond释义：adj.流浪的, 漂泊的释义：n.流浪者, 游手好闲者音标：’væɡəbɔndstartling释义：adj.令人震惊的, 惊人的音标：’stɑ:tliŋrose释义：n.玫瑰, 玫瑰花; 蔷薇widespread释义：adj.分布广的; 普遍的, 广泛的音标：’waidspredorigin释义：n.起点; 来源出身, 血统音标：’ɔridʒinafflict释义：vt.使受痛苦, 折磨音标：əˈfliktail释义：v.折磨,使疼痛,使烦恼音标：eilagitate释义：vt.搅动, 摇动使焦虑不安音标：’ædʒiteitperturb释义：vt.使(某人)烦恼; 不安音标：pəˈtə:bintake释义：n.吸入, 纳入(液体等)进入口(一定时期内)进入或纳入的人数音标：’inteiktramp释义：n.重步声, 脚步声长途跋涉游民, 流浪汉释义：vi.以沉重的步子走步行, 徒步踩, 踏, 践音标：træmptrap释义：n.(捕捉动物的)夹子, 罗网, 陷阱圈套, 困境(对付人的)计谋, 策略, 陷阱释义：vt.诱骗; 诱捕;设陷阱捕捉困住, 使陷入绝境使受限制音标：træpvagrant释义：adj.漂泊的释义：n.游民音标：rəuzarouse释义：vt.唤醒引起, 激发音标：əˈrauzon the edge of释义：adv.濒于,几乎,在边缘音标：on the edge of one's chair释义：adv.焦急地等待音标：live in释义：n.住在学习〔工作〕的地方住在(某地); 存在于…; 为…而生存音标：live with释义：n.与…一起生活; 与(异性)同居学会去适应; 接受并忍受自重,保持自尊心come to terms with释义：n.与…达成协议忍受, 对待have nothing going for one释义：n.〈口〉一无所长;各方面条件都差have nothing in common释义：n.毫无共同之处have nothing in one释义：v.不足道,没有个性have nothing of释义：n.不理睬have nothing on释义：n.赤裸裸,一丝不挂live for释义：n.为…而生活, 以…为生活目的音标：live by释义：n.以…谋生音标：in the light of释义：n.鉴于, 由于, 按照音标：in light of释义：adv.按照,根据音标：under the line释义：adv.在赤道音标：thatcher释义：n.茅屋匠音标：’θætʃəin the thick of释义：adv.在最激烈的时刻音标：in the train of释义：n.接着;继…之后音标：in the twinkling of an eye释义：n.一眨眼,转眼间音标：come to terms释义：v.达成协议,妥协,让步音标：have nothing on sb.释义：v.对某人不占优势,〈口〉没有关于某人的罪证,〈口〉比不上have nothing on the ball释义：v.〈美口〉毫无本事have nothing to do with释义：n.与…没关系have nothing to say for oneself释义：n.哑口无言;无话可辩;总是不开口humble释义：adj.谦逊的, 谦虚的低下的,卑微的简陋的, 低劣的释义：vt.使谦恭, 使卑下音标：’hʌmblabase释义：vt.使谦卑, 使感到羞耻使降低(地位、身份等)音标：əˈbeisdisgrace释义：n.丢脸, 耻辱, 不光彩丢脸的人(或事)释义：vt.使丢脸, 使受耻辱使失宠音标：disˈɡreisinsult释义：n.侮辱, 辱骂, 侮辱性的言论释义：vt.侮辱, 冒犯音标：inˈsʌltmortify释义：vi.(指肌肤)变成坏疽释义：vt.使受辱, 伤害(人的感情)克制, 抑制(肉体、情感等)音标：’mɔ:tifaioffend释义：vi.犯规, 触犯have nothing to show for释义：v.在…方面没有成绩可言音标：have nothing to say with释义：n.与…毫不相干音标：keep out释义：n.(使)留在外面扣留; 保留, 留下音标：keep out of释义：v.置身于外音标：keep out of the way释义：n.避开音标：keep out of mischief释义：n.不胡闹音标：keep away释义：n.(使)不接近(使)缺席音标：keep away from释义：n.(使)不接近避开音标：envious释义：adj.满怀嫉妒的音标：’enviəshumiliate释义：vt.使蒙羞, 羞辱, 使丢脸音标：hjuˈmilieitchagrinD.J.[ˈʃæɡrin] K.K.[ʃəˈɡrɪn]释义：n.(由失败等引起的)懊恼, 懊丧, 悔恨释义：vt.使懊恼, 使懊丧, 使悔恨释义：vt.触怒; 冒犯使反感音标：əˈfendbe envious of释义：v.嫉妒,羡慕音标：free from释义：n.(把…)从…释放出来;使摆脱音标：culling释义：n.选择,大批物品中剔出劣质货音标：opt释义：vi.选择, 挑选音标：ɔptstaple释义：n.钉书钉释义：vt.用钉书钉钉住音标：’steiplvigilantly释义：adv.警觉地,警惕地音标：watchfully释义：adv.警惕地音标：alert释义：adj.警惕的, 警觉的,注意的机灵的, 敏捷的释义：n.警戒; 警报释义：vt.使(某人)保持警觉提醒(某人)注意(某事)音标：əˈlə:tpound释义：n.磅英镑释义：vt. 音标：vi.连续重击音标：paund wale释义：n.条痕,选择释义：v.使有鞭条痕,挑选音标：weilfastigiate释义：adj.锥形的,倾斜的,帚状的,平安的,圆束状的音标：fæsˈtidʒiitvertical释义：adj.垂直的, 竖的音标：’və:tikəlerect释义：adj.竖立的, 直立的, 挺立的释义：vt.使直立; 竖起〈正〉建立音标：iˈrektrestful释义：adj.宁静的音标：’restfulreposeful释义：adj.平稳的,沉着的音标：riˈpəuzfulscatheless释义：adj.无损伤的,平安的音标：scot-free释义：adj.不受处罚的,无伤的,平安的,无义务的音标：’skɔtfri:unharmed释义：adj.未受伤害的,太太平平的音标：D.J.[ˈʌnˈskeiðd]K.K.[ʌnˈskeðd]unscathed释义：adj.没有受伤的,未受伤的音标：D.J.[ˈʌnˈskeiðd] K.K.[ʌnˈskeðd]query释义：n.问题, 疑问释义：vt.质疑, 对…表示疑问音标：’kwiəriattack释义：n.攻击, 袭击抨击,辱骂(疾病)侵袭, 发作释义：vt. 音标：vi.攻击, 进攻; 抨击音标：əˈtækassault释义：n.攻击, 猛袭, 突袭释义：vt.袭击, 殴打; 强暴音标：əˈsɔ:ltconsume释义：vt.消耗, 消费, 耗尽大吃,大喝烧毁, 毁灭音标：kənˈsju:mreliable释义：adj.可靠的, 可信赖的音标：riˈlaiəblfactual释义：adj.事实的, 真实的, 确凿的音标：’fæktʃuəloutrageous释义：adj.骇人的; 残暴的;无耻的; 不道德的音标：autˈreidʒəsbarbarous释义：adj.野蛮的残忍的音标：’bɑ:bərəsintolerable释义：adj.不能忍受的; 无法容忍的音标：inˈtɔlərəblbearable squander释义：vt.(指钱, 财产等)浪费, 乱花音标：’skwɔndəware释义：n.商品, 小货品制品音标：wɛəvessel释义：n.船, 舰容器血管,脉管, 导管音标：’vesəlaft释义：adv.在, 近,向(船或飞行器)尾部音标：ɑ:ftenthusiasm热情, 热心巨大兴趣,热衷的事物音标：inˈθju:ziæzəmgenuine释义：adj.真的, 非人造的真诚的,真心的音标：’dʒenjuinheart-warmingadj.感人的,满意的音标：’hɑ:tˌwɔ:mɪŋheart-wood rot释义：n.心材腐朽音标：heart-whole释义：adj.不为情所动的,情窦未开的,诚实的wholehearted释义：adj.全心全意的音标：’həulˈhɑ:tidtemp释义：n.临时雇员音标：tempprinting释义：n.印刷(术)一次的印数,印刷次数用印刷体书写的英文字音标：’printiŋtrail释义：n.足迹; 臭迹小径一缕, 一股释义：vi.(在比赛等中)输, 失败释义：vt.跟踪, 追踪释义：vt. 音标：vi.(使某物)被拖在后面音标：treilengrave释义：vt.在(硬物)上雕刻(字, 画等)将某事物深深印在(记忆或头脑中)音标：inˈɡreivattic释义：n.阁楼音标：’ætikabsent-minded释义：adj.健忘的, 心不在焉的音标：ˌæbsəntˈmaindidtake over释义：n.接管; 接替带, 领…到另一地释义：adj.可忍受的, 可容忍的音标：’bɛərəblheadquarter释义：v.以…作总部,设总公司于…音标：ˌhedˈkwɔ:tədraw in释义：n.拉入, 抽入(某物),吸引,(火车或汽车)到站, 徐徐停下移到路边(天)变黑,(白昼)缩短,收(债),在(花钱)上节省, 节省开支音标：irritate释义：vt.使发怒, 使急躁使感到不适, 使疼痛音标：’iriteittempt释义：vt.引诱或怂恿(某人)干不正当的事使想要音标：temptdie out释义：n.(指物种、家族习惯、观念等)绝迹, 消失音标：die off释义：n.(一组生命体)一个接一个地死去直到死光音标：daɪˌɔ:f, -ˌɔfgo to the length of释义：v.走到…的地步音标：go great guns释义：v.高速高效地干音标：die away释义：n.(尤指声音、光、风)逐渐消失,停止昏厥cast about for释义：n.寻找; 寻求音标：drain释义：n.排水沟,排水管流尽, 用光释义：vt.喝光, 喝干释义：vt. 音标：vi.(使)流干, (使)逐渐流走音标：dreinthrow over释义：n.放弃, 背弃音标：throw up释义：n.把…向上抛〔推, 举呕吐,放弃,匆匆建造(某物),产生(人才); 提出(主意)浪费, 荒废音标：run after释义：n.追赶追求伺候音标：state of affairs释义：n.事态,情势音标：universal释义：adj.全体的广泛的,普遍的在世界各地的, 世界性的音标：ˌju:niˈvə:səlcomprehensive释义：adj.广泛的, 综合的音标：ˌkɔmpriˈhensivoecumenical释义：adj.经济的,节俭的音标：ˌi:kju:ˈmenikəl音标：abate释义：vt. 音标：vi.减少,减轻, 减退; 消除音标：əˈbeitslack off释义：n.放松(绳索等)松懈; 懈怠滞销音标：launch on释义：n.对…发动进攻,向…首次推出, 把引向…音标：cast about释义：v.搜索,想方设法音标：ecumenical释义：adj.一般的,普通的音标：ˌi:kju(:)ˈmenikəldistasteful释义：adj.味道不佳的,(令人)不愉快的,讨厌的音标：disˈteistfulunsavory释义：adj.难吃的,令人讨厌的音标：ʌnˈseivərioffensive释义：adj.讨厌的; 令人不快的攻击的释义：n.进攻, 攻势音标：əˈfensivfoul释义：adj.难闻的, 发臭的，令人不愉快的,糟透了的污浊的, 肮脏的下流的,辱骂性的恶劣的;有暴风雨的邪恶的,罪恶的beyond释义：adv.在更远处, 往更远处, 再往后释义：prep.(表示位置)在或往…另一边;在或往…那一边; 在或往…的更远处(表示时间)迟于, 晚于;在…之后(表示排斥)除…以外(表示范围)超出; 非…所能及(表示结果)不容; 超然于…之上(表示程度)超出…的范围;超过; 对…来说太难(表示数目)多于, 超过(表示累加)一个接一个音标：biˈjɔndcallback释义：n.回收,回叫信号,复查音标：’kɔ:lbækreclaim释义：vt.要求收回开拓(荒地);开垦从废料中回收(有用的材料)纠正;教化, 改造音标：riˈkleimpester释义：vt.使烦恼; 纠缠音标：’pestəforbear释义：n.祖先释义：v.忍耐,克制,避免音标：fɔ:ˈbɛəforebear释义：n.犯规释义：vt.使污秽; 弄脏释义：vt. 音标：vi.纠缠; 纠结〈体〉(对…)犯规音标：faulyucky释义：n.令人讨厌的音标：’jʌki:tasteless释义：adj.无味的无判断力、鉴赏力等的, 举止粗俗的音标：’teistlisdread释义：n.恐惧, 畏惧令人恐惧的事物释义：vt.害怕, 恐惧; 担心音标：dredconsole释义：vt.安慰, 慰问音标：kənˈsəulcabinet释义：n.橱, 陈列柜内阁, 内阁会议音标：’kæbinitsoothe释义：vt.安慰, 抚慰, 使舒服,使平静减轻痛苦音标：su:ðsolace释义：n.安慰; 慰藉安慰物; 慰藉物释义：vt.安慰; 慰藉音标：’sɔliscompensate释义：vt. 音标：vi.补偿, 报酬音标：’kɔmpenseitcompensate for释义：n.赔偿, 补偿损失indistinctive释义：adj.无特色的音标：indisˈtiŋktivindistinctness释义：n.不清晰度;模糊音标：sharpness释义：n.锐利音标：’ʃɑ:pnistens of thousands释义：n.好几万音标：stem释义：n.(花草的)茎, (树木的)干词干释义：vt.遏制[阻止](液体的流动等) 音标：stemstem form释义：n.[树]干形[状]音标：stem from释义：n.来自, 起源于; 由…造成音标：date from释义：n.始于音标：loss of adjustment释义：n.失调音标：mumble释义：n.含糊的话或声音; 咕哝释义：vt. 音标：vi.含糊地说某事; 叽咕; 咕哝音标：’mʌmblindistinct释义：adj.不清楚的, 模糊的音标：ˌɪndisˈtiŋktindistinction释义：n.不清楚,模糊,不确定,,辨认,无差别音标：ˌindisˈtiŋkʃənsubject to释义：v.使服从,使遭受音标：be subject to释义：v.受支配,从属于,可以…的,常遭受…音标：mankind释义：n.人类音标：mænˈkaindwithin释义：adj.(表示位置)在…里面,在…内部(表示时间)不超过,(表示距离)不超出,(表示范围)在范围[限度]内音标：wiˈðinbound释义：adj.被捆绑的, 被束缚的一定的,必定的去, 准备去释义：n.跳, 跳跃, 跃进界限, 范围释义：vi.跳; 弹回释义：vt.给…划界, 限制laugh off释义：n.〈非正〉一笑置之; 以笑来驱除〔消除〕〈非正〉痛快地笑以笑声使离开laugh away释义：n.连续地笑一笑置之; 以笑来驱除〔消除〕laugh with释义：n.与(某人)同声笑base on释义：n.使建立在…基础上base upon释义：n.使建立在…基础上in respect of释义：n.关于in respect that释义：adv.因为in respect(s) of释义：n.在…方面, 就…而言作为…报酬out of spite释义：n.为泄恨,为出气regardful音标：baundbound up with释义：n.与某事物关系密切的音标：out of bounds释义：n.禁止的;禁止入内的音标：sideline释义：n.副业; 兼职音标：’saidlainout of bounds to释义：n.禁止某人入内音标：be bound to释义：n.一定要…due in释义：n.待收音标：discontent释义：n.不满音标：D.J.[ˈdiskənˈtent]K.K.[ˌdɪskənˈtɛnt]invalid释义：adj.无适当根据的无用的, 无效的释义：n.病人, 残疾者音标：D.J.[inˈvælid]K.K.[ˈɪnvəlɪd]confused释义：adj.糊涂的, 迷乱的混杂的, 不清楚的音标：kənˈfju:zdtraitor释义：n.背叛者, 卖国贼; 叛徒音标：’treitəsuspect释义：adj.可疑的释义：n.嫌疑犯释义：vt.猜疑(是), 怀疑(是),觉得(是)怀疑; 不信任怀疑…有罪音标：səˈspektnone other than释义：n.(用以加强语气)不是别的, 正是…音标：no other than释义：n.除…外没有, 只有正是, 就是音标：property释义：n.财产; 资产; 所有物房地产,不动产; (一处)房地产性质, 特性, 性能音标：’prɔpətisweetmeat释义：n.甜食,糖果,蜜饯音标：’swi:tmi:tlonging释义：adj.渴望的释义：n.渴望; 盼望音标：’lɔŋiŋgood-humored释义：adj.快乐的,愉快的abandon释义：n.放任; 纵情释义：vt.离弃, 丢弃遗弃, 抛弃放弃音标：əˈbændənconscientious释义：adj.认真的, 勤奋的音标：ˌkɔnʃiˈenʃəsobligation释义：n.义务; 责任音标：ˌɔbliˈɡeiʃənduteous释义：adj.尽职的,忠贞的,顺从的,贞节的音标：’dju:tjəsupright释义：adj.直立的, 垂直的正直的, 诚实的释义：adv.垂直[竖立]地音标：’ʌpraitgive on释义：v.(门、窗等)向着音标：in despair释义：n.绝望音标：work up释义：n.发展引起, 激起博得精心制作, 详细制定用光, 耗尽增加, 加强音标：in a fever释义：n.狂热音标：in no time释义：n.马上, 立即音标：many a time nidification释义：n.筑巢音标：ˌnidifiˈkeiʃənnidificate释义：vi.筑巢音标：’nidifikeitnormalization释义：n.正常化,标准化音标：ˌnɔ:məlaiˈzeiʃənstuff释义：n.材料; 东西释义：vt.以…填进, 塞满音标：stʌfweighted释义：adj.有利的音标：’weitidleaden释义：adj.铅制的,铅灰色的,沉闷的,沉重的音标：’lednelectronic释义：adj.电子的; 电子器件的音标：ilekˈtrɔnikmidear释义：n.亲爱的(用作称呼)释义：n.多次, 常常音标：off duty释义：n.不值班音标：in all释义：n.总共, 合计音标：after all释义：n.毕竟; 究竟音标：above all释义：n.首要的是; 尤其音标：for all释义：n.尽管; 虽然音标：impact释义：n.影响, 作用冲击(力), 碰撞释义：vt. 音标：vi.对某事物有影响音标：’impækthonor释义：n.尊敬,敬意,荣誉,光荣释义：vt.尊敬,给以荣誉音标：’ɔnəelectee释义：n.当选者,当选人音标：society释义：n.社会社团, 协会上流社会, 社交界音标：səˈsaiətiexpress释义：adj.特快的, 高速的〈正〉明确的丝毫不差的promote释义：vt.提升, 提拔筹划, 发起, 创立推销〈正〉促进; 推动; 增进音标：prəˈməutlocally释义：adv.在地方上,在本地,局部地,本地性音标：’ləukəliglobal释义：adj.全球的, 全世界的整体的, 总括的, 全面的音标：’ɡləubəlconscious释义：adj.神志清醒的,知道的;注意到的,自觉的; 蓄意的音标：’kɔnʃəscapacity释义：n.容量, 容积才能,能力身份, 职位音标：kəˈpæsitisurvive释义：vi.幸存, 活下来释义：vt.比…活得长,经历…之后还存在音标：səˈvaiv释义：adv.用快递方式 释义：n.快车〈英〉快运释义：vt.表达, 表示, 陈述特快发送, 快运 音标：D.J.[iks ˈpres]K.K.[ɪkˈsprɛs]appreciate释义：vt.感激, 感谢欣赏, 赏识, 重视意识到, 体会释义：vt. 音标： vi.(使)增值, 涨价 音标：əˈpri:ʃieitconfidence释义：n.信任信心, 自信知心话, 私房话 音标：’k ɔnfid ənsposition释义：n.方位, 位置地位, 身份职位, 职务姿势, 姿态状态, 状况, 境况, 形势态度, 立场阵地 释义：vt.将(某物)放在(某一)位置上 音标：p əˈzi ʃən perfect 释义：adj.完美的, 完善的,理想的完整的; 完好无损的; 无缺陷的完全的, 绝对的正确的, 精确的 释义：vt.使…完美; 改善 音标：’p ə:fikt industrialized 释义：adj.工业化的 音标：inˈdʌstri əlaizd expanding 释义：adj.展开的,扩大的 音标：iksˈpændiŋ providing 释义：conj.倘若 音标：pr əˈva ɪd ɪŋ convenience 释义：n.方便, 便利有用、有益或适宜的安排、disaster 释义：n.灾难, 灾祸彻底的失败 音标：diˈz ɑ:st ə poisoned 释义：n.中过毒的 音标： fumes 释义：n.(烟、煤气、新的油漆 等发出的)难闻的气味 音标：’fju:miz polluted 释义：n.污染,玷污 音标：p əˈlu:tid toxic 释义：adj.有毒的；因中毒引起的 音标：’tɔksik rainforest 释义：n.(热带)雨林 音标：’reinfɔristdestroyed 释义：n.被毁groan释义：n.呻吟, 叹息呻吟般的声音用具或设施(公共)厕所音标：kənˈvi:njənsremind释义：vt.使想起音标：riˈmaindoverdeveloping释义：n.显影像过度音标：inˈdʌstriəlaizdresources释义：n.资源音标：facing释义：n.饰面; 覆盖(如墙壁的) 表面的覆饰,(衣服的)贴边音标：’feisiŋcontribute释义：vi.起促成作用释义：vt. 音标：vi.捐献,捐助, 贡献出撰稿, 投稿音标：kənˈtribjutimprove释义：vt. 音标：vi.改善, 改进, 提高音标：imˈpru:vsincerely释义：adv.真心实意地音标：sinˈsiəlisupport释义：n.支撑, 承受, 支持,赞助支撑物, 支柱, 支座,支架给予帮助[同情]的人支持者, 拥护者释义：vt.支撑; 撑扶; 托住;支持维持赞助; 赞成; 供养经常光顾; 为…捧场忍受音标：səˈpɔ:torganization slip from释义n.滑脱a slip of the pen释义n.笔误serial释义adj.连续的,一系列的连续刊登或播出的释义n.连载小说, 电视连续剧音标：'siəriəlunify释义vt.使联合, 统一使相同; 使一致音标：'ju:nifaitedious释义adj.乏味的, 单调的音标：'ti:diəsconceal释义vt.隐藏; 隐瞒, 遮住音标：kənˈsi:lveil释义n.面纱覆盖物释义vt.用面纱遮盖音标：veilcloak。
指数大全
NMS工业指数(NMS Industrial Index)
$NIND
纽约证交所上涨／下跌百分数(NYSE Advance/Decline Percent)
$USN/ADP
纽约证交所综合指数(NYSE Composite)
$NYA
纽约证交所Beta指数(NYSE Beta)
$NHB
纽约证交所TICK指数(NYSE TICK)
$RUI
罗素2000指数(Russell 2000 Index)
$RUT
罗素3000指数(Russell 3000 Index)
$RUA
威尔谢综合5000指数(Wilshire 5000 Composite Index)
$DWC
威尔谢完全4500指数(Wilshire 4500 Completion Index)
$XBD
计算机科技业指数(Computer Technology Index)
$XCI
金融类股指数(Financial Index)
$IXF
林木纸品类股指数(Forest and Paper Products Index)
$FPP
金银类股指数(Gold and Silver Index)
$XAU
工业类股指数(Industrial Index)
$DWCP
威尔谢不动产指数(Wilshire REIT Index)
$DWRT
主要市场指数(Major Market Index)
$XMI
主要市场交割平均指数(Major Market Open Close Settlement Average)
$XMO
芝加哥期权交易所科技指数(CBOE Technology Index)
BUS PPT初版
Stock index (股市指数）
• A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. It is computed from the prices of selected stocks (typically a weighted average). It is a tool used by investors and managers to describe the market, and to compare the return on specific investments. • Stock price indices are used to reflect the overall level of stock prices on the stock market. Referred to as the stock index. It is prepared by the stock exchange or financial services institutions. Stock index indicates the number of changes in stock prices.
Stock Market Crash
• Crash of 2008-2009: On September 16, 2008, failures of massive financial institutions in the United States, due primarily to exposure of securities of packaged subprime loans and credit default swaps issued to insure these loans and their issuers, rapidly devolved into a global crisis resulting in a number of bank failures in Europe and sharp reductions in the value of stocks and commodities worldwide. The failure of banks in Iceland resulted in a devaluation of the Icelandic and threatened the government with bankruptcy. Iceland was able to secure an emergency loan from the International Monetary Fund in November. In the United States, 15 banks failed in 2008, while several others were rescued through government intervention or acquisitions by other banks. On October 11, 2008, the head of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) warned that the world financial system was teetering on the "brink of systemic meltdown.”
什么是美元指数
什么是美元指数?什么是美元指数(美元汇率)美元指数(US Dollar Index?，USDX)它类似于显示美国股票综合状态的道琼斯工业平均指数(Dow Jones Industrial Average)，美元指数显示的是美元的综合值。
一种衡量各种货币强弱的指标。
美元指数(美元汇率)的影响USDX是综合反映美元在国际外汇市场的汇率情况的指标，用来衡量美元对一篮子货币的汇率变化程度。
它通过计算美元和对选定的一篮子货币的综合变化率，来衡量美元的强弱程度，从而间接反映美国的出口竞争能力和进口成本的变动情况。
美元指数(美元汇率)上涨，说明美元与其他货币的的比价上涨也就是说美元升值，那么国际上主要的商品都是以美元计价，那么所对应的商品价格应该下跌的。
美元升值对国家的整个经济有好处，提升本国货币的价值，增加购买力。
但对一些行业也有冲击，比如说，进出口行业，货币升值会提高出口商品的价格，因此对一些公司的出口商品有影响。
若美指下跌，则相反。
美元指数(美元汇率)的计算原则USDX期货的计算原则是以全球各主要国家与美国之间的贸易结算量为基础，以加权的方式计算出美元的整体强弱程度，并以100点为强弱分界线。
在1999年1月1日欧元推出后，这个期货合约的标的物进行了调整，从10个国家减少为6个国家，欧元也一跃成为了最重要、权重最大的货币，其所占权重达到57.6%，因此，欧元的波动对USDX的强弱影响最大。
币别指数权重(%)欧元57.6日元13.6英镑11.9加拿大元9.1瑞典克朗4.2瑞士法郎3.6当前的USDX水准反映了美元相对于1973年基准点的平均值。
到现在目前为止，美元指数(美元汇率)曾高涨到过165个点，也低至过80点以下。
该变化特性被广泛地在数量和变化率上同期货股票指数作比较。
资讯来源：葵花理财/。
独家整理最全MTI缩略词
1.AP2.UPI 合众国际社（United Press International）3.Reuters4.The Xinhua News Agency5.AFP6.DPA 德意志新闻社（Deutsche Presse Agentur）7.TASS （前苏联）塔斯通讯社（Telegraph Agency of Soviet Union）8.ANSA 意大利安莎通讯社（Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata）9.KNS 日本共同社（Kyodo News Service）；10.EFE 埃菲社（西班牙通讯社）11.THE WORLD BANK 世界银行12.CIRC chinese insurance regulatory commission 保监会13.ETCC english translation of chinese classics 典籍英译14.GME growth enterprise market 创业板15.General Administration Of Press and Publication of China 国家新闻出版总署16.UA united airlines 联合航空公司17.SCB standard chartered bank 渣打银行18.ECFA economic cooperation framework agreement 海峡两岸经济合作框架协议19.FTV flat panel television 平板电视20.ARATS association for relations across the Taiwan strait 海协会21.State bureau of quality and technical supervision 国家质量技术监督局22.BFA Boao forum fo Asia 博鳌亚洲论坛R china national radio 中国人民广播电台24.SEF straits exchange foundation 海基会25.General administration of customs 海关总署26.ROI return on investment 投资回报率27.CSR corporate social responsibility 企业社会责任28.TAC the tranlators association of china 中国译协29.DJIA Dow Jones Industrial Average 道琼斯工业指数30.Summer Davous World Economic Forum 夏季达沃斯世界经济论坛PC 中国石油天然气集团公司（China National Petroleum Corporation）32.AMIS 农业管理信息系统Agricultural Management Information System \33.DPRK Democratic People's Republic of Korea 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国34.PMI Purchase Management Index (制造业)采购经理人指数35.SASAC （国家资产监督管理委员会，State-owned Assets Supervision and AdministrationCommission of the State Council）即国资委36.AU africa union 非洲联盟37.GCC （Gulf Cooperation Council）海湾合作委员会38.DJI（Dow-Jones index）道琼斯工业平均指数39.IDR 印尼盾（货币单位）（Indonesian Rupiah）40.SSE （Shanghai Stock Exchange）上海证券交易所41.NDRC 国家发展和改革委员会即发改委the national development and reformcommission42.NBS 国家统计局national bureau of statistic43.AQSIQ 国家质量监督检验检疫总局即国家质检总局（Administration of QualitySupervision，Inspection and Quarantine）44.美联储FED(the Federal Reserve)FRB(Federal Reserve Board)45.WOFE 外商独资企业（Wholly Owned Foreign Enterprise）46.WHC 世界遗产委员会world heritage committee47.NBS national bureau of statistics 国家统计局48.UNWTO united nations world tourism organization 联合国世界观光组织49.PWC price water house coopers 普华永道50.WGC world gold council 世界黄金协会51.NBC 美国全国广播公司52.OED the oxford english dictionary 牛津英语词典53.GCHQ (英)政府通信总部government communication headquarters54.EEA 欧洲环境署europe environment agency欧洲经济区the europe economic area55.CMA 中国气象局China meteorological administration56.BOC 中国银行bank of china57.PBC/PBOC people’s bank of china中国人民银行58. China Minsheng Bank（CMBC）民生银行59.HSBC(Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation）汇丰银行60.China Merchants Bank of China CMBC 招商银行61.NAO国家审计署The national audit office62.CASS 中国社科院chinese academy of social and science63.PLA 中国人民解放军chinese people’s liberation army64.SFDA 国家食品药品监督管理局state food and drug administration65.NCEE 高考National College Entrance Examination66.EPL 英超（英格兰足球超级联赛）English Premier League67.NSA 美国国家安全局national security agency68.MIT 麻省理工学院Massachusetts Institute of Technology69.(N)NPT 不扩散核武器条约nuclear non prolification treaty70.CSRC china securities regulatory commission 中国证券监督管理委员会即中国证监会71.SAS special air service 英国空军特种部队72.ROK republic of Korea 韩国大韩民国73.JAXA 日本宇宙航空研究开发机构（Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency）74.TEPCO 东京电力(Tokyo Electric Power Company)75.CGI 电脑成像computer generated imagery76.TGP 三峡工程three gorges project77.BHD 很不顺利的一天Bad Hair Day78.CBRC 中国银监会China Banking Regulatory Commission79.DPOB 出生时间和地点date and place of birth80.MTN 多边贸易谈判multilateral trade negotiation81.MSP 信息安全协议Message Security Protocol82.NNW 国民福利指数Net National Welfare83.NNP 国民净产值Net National Production84.PAO 公共事务办公室Public Affairs Office85.SAC 中国证券业协会the Securities Association of China86.GSP Generalized system of preference 普遍优惠制，普惠制87.GSM 全球移动通信系统Global System for Mobile Communications88.TPP 跨太平洋伙伴关系协定Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement89.TOEFL 托福考试90.AFP 法新社Agence France Presse91.AP 美联社associated press92.Reuters 路透社93.FAO 联合国粮食与农业组织Food and Agriculture Organization94.SME 中小企业small medium enterprise95.PBOC 中国人民银行People’s Bank of China96.ICBC 中国工商银行Industrial and Commercial Bank of China97.ICRC 国际红十字委员会International Committee of the Red Cross98.ICB (international competitive bidding) 国际公开招标，国际竞争性招标99.national city bank of New York 花旗银行100.UPU 万国邮政联盟Universal Postal Union101.B2C 企业对消费者的电子商务模式Business to Customer102.C.I.F 到岸价格; 成本、保险加运费（cost, insurance and freight）103.FOB 离岸价格，船上交货价Free On Board104.R.U （英国）橄榄球联合会Rugby Union105.ZPG 人口零增长Zero Population Growth106.IQ 智力商数（intelligence quotient）；进口限额（import quota）107.EQ 情商（Emotional Quotient）108.DOF 自由度Degree of Freedom109.OPEC 石油输出国组织( Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) 欧佩克110.APEC 亚太经贸合作组织Asia-pacific economic cooperation111.OECD 经济合作发展组织Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 112.WIPO 世界知识产权组织World Intellectual Property Organization113.IPCC 政府间气候变化专门委员会Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 114.NBA 全美篮球协会national basketball association115.IDD 国际直拨长途电话( International Direct Dial)116.CAAC 中国民用航空总局=中国民航General Administration of Civil Aviation of China =Civil Aviation Administration of China117.NIC 网络信息中心Network Information Center118.ILO 国际劳工组织International Labor Organization119.YOG 青年奥林匹克运动会Youth Olympic Games120.IOC 国际奥林匹克委员会International Olympic Committee121.ISBN 国际标准图书编号International Standard Book Number122.123.124.GNP 国民生产总值Gross National Product ；125.GDP 国内生产总值gross domestic product126.DNS 域名系统Domain Name System127.BBS 电子布告栏Bulletin Board System128.OTC 非处方药Over-the-Counter Drug129.WWF 世界野生动物基金World Wildlife Fund 世界自然基金会130.FIFA 国际足球联盟（国际足联）Fédération Internationale de Football Association 131.CAN 社区网络Community Area Network132.BHC 银行控股公司Bank Holding Company133.ETDZ 经济技术开发区Economic and Technological Development Zone134.COSCO 中国远洋运输集团China Ocean Shipping（Group）Company135.BRIC 金砖四国（Brazil，Russia，India，China）136.ATA 航空运输协会Air Transportation Association , China/International ATA137.PPI 生产者物价指数producer price index138.CPI 消费者物价指数consumer price index139.HIV 艾滋病病毒，人类免疫缺陷病毒human immunodeficiency virus140.AIDS =Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 获得性免疫缺陷综合症141.AID (Agency for International Development) 国际开发署142.ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟Association of Southeast Asian Nations143.A&P 组合营销Advertisement and Promotion144.GMO 转基因生物genetically modified organism145.GMF 转基因食品genetically modified food146.ISS 国际空间站International Space Station147.UN security council 联合国安理会148.UNGA 联合国大会the United Nations General Assembly149.UNEP 联合国环境规划署United Nations Environment Programme150.UNCTAD 联合国贸易和发展会议United Nations Conference on Trade and Development151.United Nation Peacekeeping Forces 联合国维和部队152.UNESCO United Nations Educational Scientific and CulturalOrganization 联合国教科文组织153.UNCF 联合国儿童基金会children’s found154.UNDP 联合国开发计划署Development Programme155.UNHRC 联合国人权理事会United Nations Human RightsCouncil156.UNFCCC 联合国气候变化框架公约United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change157.UNEF 联合国紧急部队（United Nations Emergency Force）158.NGD 新闻地理词典News Geographical Dictionary159.WMD 大规模杀伤性武器weapons of mass destruction160.HDTV 高清电视high-definition TV161.HBS 哈佛大学商学院Harvard Business School162.HEC 家庭娱乐中心Home Entertainment Centre; 高等教育委员会Higher EducationCouncil163.CAT 计算机辅助翻译Computer Aided Translation164.IPO 首次公开募股Initial Public Offerings；初次公开发行Initial Public Offering165.MSN 微软网络服务Microsoft Service Network166.ESPN 娱乐体育节目电视网Entertainment Sports Programming Network (最大的体育电视网）167.LCD 液晶显示屏（liquid crystal display）168.LED 发光二级管light-emitting diode169.LC 登陆艇（Landing Craft）；全套发射设备（Lanch Complex）；发射控制（Launch Control）；170.VOA 美国之音171.OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) 原始设备制造商172.DPI (Disposable price income) 可支配收入173.EMF (European Monetary Fund) 欧洲货币基金组织174.GBP 英镑Great Britain Pound175.ASEM 亚欧会议Asia-Europe Meeting176.IAEA 国际原子能组织International Atomic Energy Agency177.IATA 国际航空运输协会International Air Transport Association178.NASDAQ 纳斯达克，全美证券商协会自动报价系统National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations179.GPS 全球定位系统Global Position System180.CPU 中央处理器Central Processing Unit181.NGO 非政府组织；民间组织Non-Government Organization182.PhD 哲学博士学位；博士学位Doctor of Philosophy183.GRE 美国研究生入学考试Graduate Record Examination184.UFO 不明飞行物unidentified fly object185.VIP 贵宾186.WTO（旅游类）世界旅游组织187.DNA 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid188.CAFTA 中国东盟自由贸易区China ASEAN Free Trade Area;189.CAFTA中美洲自由贸易协定Central American Free Trade Agreement190.GPRS 通用分组无线业务General Packet Radio Service191.SCO 上海合作组织shanghai cooperation organization192.POD= Pay on Delivery 货到付款=COD cash on delivery193.WCO 世界海关组织world customs organization；世界网络奥林匹克运动World Cyber Olympics194.IAF 国际宇航联合会International Astronautical Federation195.3GPP 第三代合作伙伴项目the 3rd Generation PartnershipProject196.CD-ROM 只读光盘驱动器197.ROM 只读存储器198.CPPCC 中国人民政治协商会Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference199.NPC 全国人民代表大会the national people’s congressP 中国共产党Chinese Communist Party201.PRC 中华人民共和国people’s public of china202.CET 大学英语等级考试(College English Test)203.GMT 格林威治标准时间Greenwich Mean Time204.GA TT 关税及贸易总协定General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (signed in 1947) 205.OEM光学电子显微镜optical electron microscope206.GM 通用汽车公司general motors207.总经理general managerTV 中国中央电视台china central television209.BBC 英国广播公司British broadcasting cooperation210.CBS 哥伦比亚广播公司Columbia broadcasting systems PBS 美国公共广播电视公司ABC 澳大利亚广播公司211.UPI 合众国社united press international212.JAL 日本航空公司Japan air lines213.ISO (International Standardization Organization ) 国际标准化组织214.WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织215.ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) 智能交通系统216.CEO (Chief Executive Officer) 首席执行官CFO (Chief Finance Officer) 首席财务官CIO (Chief Information Officer) 首席信息官COO (Chief Operating Officer) 首席运行官CTO (Chief Technology Officer)首席技术官CPA (Certified Public Accountant) 注册会计师217.CGO Chief Government Officer即首席沟通主管MBA (Master of Business Administration) 工商管理硕士MPA (Master of Public Administration) 公共管理硕士218.API (Air Pollution Index) 空气污染指数219.EMS (Express Mail Service) 邮政特快专递220.OA (Office Automation) 办公自动化221.SOHO (Small Office Home Office) 小型家居办公室222.SOS (Save Our Souls; radio signal once used universally to appeal for help esp. by a ship or boat; urgent request for help from sb. in trouble) 国际上曾通用的紧急呼救信号，也用于一般的求救或求助223.VOD (Video on Demand) 视频点播224.WWW (World Wide Web) 万维网225.CR=credit贷方，债主DR=debt借贷方MC＝(美)海军陆战队US marine corps227.NA VY＝海军AF＝AIR FORCE(空军) ARMY＝陆军228.NATO（North Atlantic Treaty organization）北大西洋公约组织。
施心远听力教材1第二版Unit 5教案答案
Nasdaq composite : 纳斯达克综合指数 主要由美国的数百家发展最快的先进技术、电信 和生物公司组成，包括微软、英特尔、美国在线、 雅虎这些家喻户晓的高科技公司，因而成为美国 “新经济”的代名词。纳斯达克综合指数相比标 准普尔500指数、道· 琼斯工业指数（它仅包括30 个著名大工商业公司，20家运输业公司和15家公 用事业大公司）更具有综合性。纳斯达克综合指 数包括5000多家公司，超过其他任何单一证券市 场。因为它有如此广泛的基础，已成为最有影响 力的证券市场指数之一。
the Standard and Poor’s 500 index: 标准普尔指数 the S & P’s 500 index 除了道· 琼斯股票价格指数外，标准· 普尔股票价格 指数(Standard and Poor’s Composite Index) 在美 国也很有影响，它是美国最大的证券研究机构即标 准· 普尔公司编制的股票价格指数。 标准· 普尔混合指数包括的500种普通股票总价值很 大，其成分股有90%在纽约证券交易所上市，其中 也包括一些在别的交易所和店头市场交易的股票， 所以它的代表性比道—琼斯平均指数要广泛很多， 故更能真实地反映股票市价变动的实际情况。
fractional:adj. so small as to be unimportant极小的，极少的 vibrant: forceful；powerful and exciting充满生气的;活跃的 The city is vibrant with life. 这城市充满生机。 bounce back: restore; improve 受挫折后恢复原状 The consumers’ confidence bounced back.
证券英语词汇中英对照
证券英语词汇中英对照店铺为大家整理了证券英语词汇中英对照，一起来学习吧!futures期权option trading与掉期swap三种类型，品种多达100余种。
)discount贴现discount rate贴现率DJIA Dow-Jones Industrial Average道琼斯公用事业股价平均数。
通常简称Dow(道)，是30个主要工业公司股票价格的组合。
Dow-Jones Composite Average of 65 representative stocks 65种有代表性的股票的道琼斯公用事业股价平均数Dow-Jones Transpositions Average道琼斯运输业股价平均数Dow-Jones Utilities Average道琼斯公用事业股价平均数down付现款equity(押款金额以外的)财产价值，证券，股票escrow由第三者保存、等条件完成后即交受让人的契据(或证书等)face value面值Federal Agency Issues联邦机构债券fluctuation起伏fluctuate起伏fraud欺骗，欺诈fraudulence欺骗(欺诈)行为fraudulent欺诈的FTSI Financial Times 100 Share Index(英国)金融时报100种股票指数good 有效的Hang Seng Index(香港)恒生指数holdings占有的财产，股票Ibbotson Small Company Index Ibbotson Company Index 中包括近2700家公司：即在纽约股市上交易的最后的20%股票imburse赔偿share, equity, stock股票、股权bond, debenture, debts债券bonus share红股dividend红利/股息ADR美国存托凭证/存股证(American Depository Receipt) GDR全球存托凭证/存股证(Global Depository Receipt)retail/private investor 个人投资者/散户institutional investor机构投资者broker/dealer券商proprietary trading自营insider trading/dealing内幕交易market manipulation市场操纵prospectus招股说明书IPO新股/初始公开发行(Initial Public Offering)merger and acquisition收购兼并All Ordinaries Index(澳大利亚)股市指数Amex(American Stock Exchange)美国股票交易所amortize摊提，分期偿还债务annuity年金享受权asking price卖主的开叫价assess对(财产等)进行估价，确定(款项)的金额back拖欠的bad loan呆账，坏账bailout帮助……摆脱困境balloon(分期付款中)最后数目特大的一笔barometer晴雨表，[喻]标记，指标basis point基点(一个百分点的百分之一) negotiable share可流通股份convertible bond可转换债券treasury/government bond国库券/政府债券corporate bond企业债券closed-end securities investment fund 封闭式证券投资基金open-end securities investment fund 开放式证券投资基金fund manager基金经理/管理公司fund custodian bank基金托管银行market capitalization市值p/e ratio市盈率(price/earning) mark-to-market 逐日盯市payment versus delivery银券交付clearing and settlement清算/结算commodity/financial derivatives 商品/金融衍生产品put / call option看跌/看涨期权margins, collateral保证金rights issue/offering配股forex foreign exchangebond债券，公债bourse交易所，证券交易所bull markets牛市bullish牛市的bunji-change快速的大幅度变化CAC-40 Index(法国)股市指数CD(certificate-of-deposit)大额存款单Chicago Mercantile Exchange 芝加哥商业交易所Consumer Price Index消费者价格指数contagion蔓延correction调整。