2015年6月英语六级考试真题及答案(卷一完整版)

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2015年6月--12月英语大学英语六级真题及答案详解(共6套)

15年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “ Knowledge isa treasure，but practice is the key to it. ” You can give an example or two to illustrate your point ofview. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear some questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then Part I Listening C ❹mprehensioii 30 minutes' mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneQuestions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A) Persuade the man to join her company. C) Export bikes to foreign markets.B)Employ the most up-to-datetechnology. D) Expand their domestic business.2.A) The state subsidizes small and medium enterprises.B)The government has control over bicycle imports.C)They can compete with the best domestic manufacturers.D)They have a cost advantage and can charge higher prices.3.A) Extra costs might eat up their profits abroad.B)More workers will be needed to do packaging.C)They might lose to foreign bike manufacturers.D)It is very difficult to find suitable local agents.4.A) Report to the management. C) Conduct a feasibility study.B)Attract foreign investments. D) Consult financial experts.Conversation TwoQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A) Coal burnt daily for the comfort of our homes.B)Anything that can be used to produce power.C)Fuel refined from oil extracted from underground.D)Electricity that keeps all kinds of machines ranning。

2015年6月英语六级真题及答案详解

2015年6月大学英语六级真题及答案详解Part ⅠWriting (30minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Certificate Craze. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1．现在许多人热衷于各类证书考试2．其目的各不相同3．在我看来……The Certificate Craze注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the seen tenses with the information given in the passage.Minority ReportAmerican universities are accepting more minorities than ever. Graduating them is another matter.Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bowdoin's efforts to recruit minority students. Since 2003 the small, elite liberal arts school in Brunswick, Maine, has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students in entering freshman classes from 8% to 13%. "It is our responsibility to reach out and attract students to come to our kinds of places," he told a NEWSWEEK reporter. But Bowdoin has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities. While 9 out of 10 white students routinely get their diplomas within six years, only 7 out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes."If you look at who enters college, it now looks like America," says Hilary Pennington, director of postsecondary programs for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which has closely studied enrollment patterns in higher education. "But if you look at who walks across the stage for a diploma, it's still largely the white, upper-income population."The United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation. Now it stands 10th. For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. The graduation rate among 25- to 34-year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55- to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago. Studies show that more and more poor and non-white students want to graduate from college – but their graduation rates fall far short of their dreams. The graduation rates for blacks, Latinos, and Native Americans lag far behind the graduation rates for whites and Asians. As the minority population grows in the United States, low college graduation rates become a threat to national prosperity.The problem is pronounced at public universities. In 2007 the University of Wisconsin-Madison – one of the top five or so prestigious public universities – graduated 81% of its white students within six years, but only 56% of its blacks. At less-selective state schools, the numbers get worse. During the same time frame, the University of Northern Iowa graduated 67% of its white students, but only 39% of its blacks. Community colleges have low graduation rates generally – but rock-bottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15% ofAfrican-Americans did so as well.Private colleges and universities generally do better, partly because they offer smaller classes and more personal attention. But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin has company. Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2007 and 25 points in 2006. Middlebury College in Vermont, another top school, had a 19-point gap in 2007 and a22-point gap in 2006. The most selective private schools – Harvard, Yale, and Princeton – show almost no gap between black and white graduation rates. But that may have more to do with their ability to select the best students. According to data gathered by Harvard Law School professor Lain Gainer, the most selective schools are more likely to choose blacks who have at least one immigrant parent from Africa or the Caribbean than black students who are descendants of American slaves."Higher education has been able to duck this issue for years, particularly the more selective schools, by saying the responsibility is on the individual student," says Pennington of the Gates Foundation. "If they fail, it's their fault." Some critics blame affirmative action –students admitted with lower test scores and grades from shaky high schools often struggle at elite schools. But a bigger problem may be that poor high schools often send their students to colleges for which they are "under matched": they could get into more elite, richer schools, but instead go to community colleges and low-rated state schools that lack the resources to help them. Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the bill – knowing full well that the students won't make it. "The school keeps the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job. Colleges are not holding up their end," says Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust.A college education is getting ever more expensive. Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation. In 2008 the net cost of attending a four-year public university – after financial aid – equaled 28% of median (中间的)family income, while afour-year private university cost 76% of median family income. More and more scholarships are based on merit, not need. Poorer students are not always the best-informed consumers. Often they wind up deeply in debt or simply unable to pay after a year or two and must drop out.There once was a time when universities took pride in their dropout rates. Professors would begin the year by saying, "Look to the right and look to the left. One of you is not going to be here by the end of the year." But such a Darwinian spirit is beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap. At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the gap has been roughly halved over the last three years. The university has poured resources into peer counseling to help students from inner-city schools adjust to the rigor (严格要求)and faster pace of a university classroom –and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified. Wisconsin has a "laser like focus" on building up student skills in the first three months, according to vice provost (教务长)Damon Williams.State and federal governments could sharpen that focus everywhere by broadly publishing minority graduation rates. For years private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have had success bringing minorities onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them some prepare Tory courses. The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and non-white students as early as the seventh grade, using innovative tools to identify kids with sophisticated verbal skills. Such programs can be expensive, of course, but cheap compared with the millions already invested in scholarships and grants for kids who have little chance to graduate without special support.With effort and money, the graduation gap can be closed. Washington and Lee is a small, selective school in Lexington, Va. Its student body is less than 5% black and less than 2% Latino. While the school usually graduated about 90% of its whites, the graduation rate of its blacks and Latinos had dipped to 63% by 2007. "We went through a dramatic shift," says Dawn Watkins, the vice president for student affairs. The school aggressively pushed mentoring (辅导) of minorities by other students and "partnering" with parents at a special pre-enrollment session. The school had its first-ever black homecoming. Last spring the school graduated the same proportion of minorities as it did whites. If the United States wants to keep up in the global economic race, it will have to pay systematic attention to graduating minorities, not just enrolling them.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2015年6月大学英语6级真题及答案三套全

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题1Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section A1. A) Prepare for his exams. B) Catch up on his work.C) Attend the concert. D) Go on a vacation.2. A) Three crew members were involved in the incident.B) None of the hijackers carried any deadly weapons.C) The plane had been scheduled to fly to Japan.D) None of the passengers were injured or killed.3. A) An article about the election. B) A tedious job to be done.C) An election campaign. D) A fascinating topic.4. A) The restaurant was not up to the speakers' expectations.B) The restaurant places many ads in popular magazines.C) The critic thought highly of the Chinese restaurant.D) Chinatown has got the best restaurant in the city.5. A) He is going to visit his mother in the hospital.B) He is going to take on a new job next week.C) He has many things to deal with right now.D) He behaves in a way nobody understands.6. A) A large number of students refused to vote last night.B) At least twenty students are needed to vote on an issue.C) Major campus issues had to be discussed at the meeting.D) More students have to appear to make their voice heard.7. A) The woman can hardly tell what she likes.B) The speakers like watching TV very much.C) The speakers have nothing to do but watch TV.D) The man seldom watched TV before retirement.8. A) The woman should have retired earlier. 4B) He will help the woman solve the problem.C) He finds it hard to agree with what the woman says.D) The woman will be able to attend the classes she wants.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) Persuade the man to join her company. B) Employ the most up-to-date technology.C) Export bikes to foreign markets. D) Expand their domestic business.10. A) The state subsidizes small and medium enterprises.B) The government has control over bicycle imports.C) They can compete with the best domestic manufactures.D) They have a cost advantage and can charge higher prices.11. A) Extra costs might eat up their profits abroad.B) More workers will be needed to do packaging.C) They might lose to foreign bike manufacturers.D) It is very difficult to find suitable local agents.12. A) Report to the management. B) Attract foreign investments.C) Conduct a feasibility study. D) Consult financial experts.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) Coal burnt daily for the comfort of our homes.B) Anything that can be used to produce power.C) Fuel refined from oil extracted from underground.D) Electricity that keeps all kinds of machines running.14. A) Oil will soon be replaced by alternative energy sources.B) Oil reserves in the world will be exhausted in a decade.C) Oil consumption has given rise to many global problems.D) Oil production will begin to decline worldwide by 2015.15. A) Minimize the use of fossil fuels. B) Start developing alternative fuels.C) Find the real cause for global warming. D) Take steps to reduce the greenhouse effect.Section BPassage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) The ability to predict fashion trends. B) A refined taste for artistic works.C) Years of practical experience. D) Strict professional training.17. A) Promoting all kinds of American hand-made specialities.B) Strengthening cooperation with foreign governments.C) Conducting trade in art works with dealers overseas.D) Purchasing handicrafts from all over the world.18. A) She has access to fashionable things. B) She is doing what she enjoys doing.C) She can enjoy life on a modest salary. D) She is free to do whatever she wants.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Join in neighborhood patrols. B) Get involved in his community.C) V oice his complaints to the city council. D) Make suggestions to the local authorities.20. A) Deterioration in the quality of life. B) Increase of police patrols at night.C) Renovation of the vacant buildings. D) Violation of community regulations.21. A) They may take a long time to solve. B) They need assistance form the city.C) They have to be dealt with one by one. D) They are too big for individual efforts.22. A) He had got some groceries at a big discount.B) He had read a funny poster near his seat.C) He had done a small deed of kindness.D) He had caught the bus just in time.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) Childhood and family growth. B) Pressure and disease.C) Family life and health. D) Stress and depression.24. A) It experienced a series of misfortunes. B) It was in the process of reorganization.C) His mother died of a sudden heart attack. D) His wife left him because of his bad temper.25. A) They would give him a triple bypass surgery.B) They could remove the block in his artery.C) They could do nothing to help him.D) They would try hard to save his life.Section CWhen most people think of the word “education”, they think of a pupil as a sort of animate sausage casing. Into this empty casting, the teachers (26) stuff “education.”But genuine education, as Socrates knew more than two thousand years ago, is not (27) the stuffing of information into a person, but rather eliciting knowledge from him; it is the (28) of what is in the mind.“The most important part of education,” once wrote William Ernest Hocking, the (29) Harvard philosopher, “is this instruction of a man in what he has inside of him.”And, as Edith Hamilton has reminded us, Soc rates never said, “I know, learn from me。

2015年6月英语六级考试真题及答案(卷一完整版)

2015年6月英语六级考试真题及答案(卷一完整版)Writing：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the saying “Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it.”"Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it."参考范文：In this constantly changing world, how to put the knowledge acquired every day into reality has intrigued numerous people. As a proverb goes, “ Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it.” Apparently, this saying aims to deliver the message that if we truly want to master the knowledge we learn, we ought not to stop practicing it.第一段三句话，用核心词引入+带出引言+引言的目的There are several reasons accountable for this statement. To begin with, hu man being are forgetful beings; therefore, only when we use knowledge, make mis takes, and try to use it again will we be able to remember it by our heart. Mor eover, knowledge has become growingly complicated and we can seldom genuinely g rasp the essence of it if we do not practice it and ponder it over again and ag ain. For instance, there used to be simple diseases, such as the cold and measl es, and a doctor might have the knowledge to treat all the common ones. However, with our living environment becoming ever increasingly harsher, the diseases h ave evolved into weird, irremediable, and unpredictable ones. Therefore, the me dication has been divided into numerous branches, and doctors of each one haveto practice for years only in order to cure the diseases belonging to the simil ar sort.第二段，解释引言。

2015年6月12月英语六级阅读理解真题及答案(共六套)

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）Passage OneWhen the right person is holding the right job at the right moment, that person's influence is greatly expanded. That is the position in which Janet Yellen, who is expected to be confirmed as the next chair of the Federal Reserve Bank (Fed) in January, now finds herself. If you believe, as many do, that unemployment is the major economic and social concern of our day, then it is no stretch to think Yellen is the most powerful person in the world right now.Throughout the 2008 financial crisis and the recession and recovery that followed, central banks have taken on the role of stimulators of last resort, holding up the global economy with vast amounts of money in the form of asset buying. Yellen, previously a Fed vice chair, was one of the principal architects of the Fed's $3.8 trillion money dump. A star economist known for her groundbreaking work on labor markets, Yellen was a kind of prophetess early on in the crisis for her warnings about the subprime（次级债）meltdown. Now it will be her job to get the Fed and the markets out of the biggest and most unconventional monetary program in history without derailing the fragile recovery.The good news is that Yellen, 67, is particularly well suited to meet these challenges. She has a keen understanding of financial markets, an appreciation for their imperfections and a strong belief that human suffering was more related to unemployment than anything else.Some experts worry that Yellen will be inclined to chase unemployment to the neglect of inflation. But with wages still relatively flat and the economy increasingly divided between the well-off and the long-term unemployed, more people worry about the opposite, deflation（通货紧缩）that would aggravate the economy's problems.Either way, the incoming Fed chief will have to walk a fine line in slowly ending the stimulus. It must be steady enough to deflate bubbles（去泡沫）and bring markets back down to earth but not so quick that it creates another credit crisis.Unlike many past Fed leaders, Yellen is not one to buy into the finance industry's argument that it should be left alone to regulate itself. She knows all along the Fed has been too slack on regulation of finance.Yellen is likely to address the issue right after she pushes unemployment below 6%, stabilizes markets and makes sure that the recovery is more inclusive and robust. As Princeton Professor Alan Blinder says, "She's smart as a whip, deeply logical, willing to argue but also a good listener. She can persuade without creating hostility."All those traits will be useful as the global economy's new power player takes on its most annoying problems.56. What do many people think is the biggest problem facing Janet Yellen?A) Lack of money. B) Subprime crisis. C) Unemployment. D) Social instability.57. What did Yellen help the Fed do to tackle the 2008 financial crisis?A) Take effective measures to curb inflation. B) Deflate the bubbles in the American economy.C) Formulate policies to help financial institutions. D) Pour money into the market through asset buying.58. What is a greater concern of the general public?A) Recession. B) Deflation. C) Inequality. D) Income.59. What is Yellen likely to do in her position as the Fed chief?A) Develop a new monetary program. B) Restore public confidence.C) Tighten financial regulation. D) Reform the credit system.60. How does Alan Blinder portray Yellen?A) She possesses strong persuasive power. C) She is one of the world's greatest economists.B) She has confidence in what she is doing. D) She is the most powerful Fed chief in history.Passage TwoAir pollution is deteriorating in many places around the world. The fact that public parks in cities become crowded as soon as the sun shines proves that people long to breathe in green, open spaces. They do not all know what they are seeking but they flock there, nevertheless. And, in these surroundings, they are generally both peaceful and peaceable. It is rare to see people fighting in a garden. Perhaps struggle unfolds first, not at an economic or social level, but over the appropriation of air, essential to life itself. If human beings can breathe and share air, they don't need to struggle with one another.Unfortunately, in our western tradition, neither materialist nor idealist theoreticians give enough consideration to this basic condition for life. As for politicians, despite proposing curbs on environmental pollution, they have not yet called for it to be made a crime. Wealthy countries are even allowed to pollute if they pay for it.But is our life worth anything other than money? The plant world shows us in silence what faithfulness to life consists of. It also helps us to a new beginning, urging us to care for our breath, not only at a vital but also at a spiritual level. The interdependence to which we must pay the closest attention is that which exists between ourselves and the plant world. Often described as "the lungs of the planet", the woods that cover the earth offer us the gift of breathable air by releasing oxygen. But their capacity to renew the air polluted by industry has long reached its limit. If we lack the air necessary for a healthy life, it is because we have filled it with chemicals and undercut the ability of plants to regenerate it. As we know, rapid deforestation combined with the massive burning of fossil fuels is an explosive recipe for an irreversible disaster.The fight over the appropriation of resources will lead the entire planet to hell unless humans learn to share life, both with each other and with plants. This task is simultaneously ethical and political because it can be discharged only when each takes it upon herself or himself and only when it is accomplished together with others. The lesson taught by plants is that sharing life expands and enhances the sphere of the living, while dividing life into so-called natural or human resources diminishes it. We must come to view the air, the plants and ourselves as the contributors to the preservation of life and growth, rather than a web of quantifiable objects or productive potentialities at our disposal. Perhaps then we would finally begin to live, rather than being concerned with bare survival.61. What does the author assume might be the primary reason that people would struggle with each other?A) To get their share of clean air. B) To pursue a comfortable life.C) To gain a higher social status. D) To seek economic benefits.62. What does the author accuse western politicians of?A) Depriving common people of the right to clean air.B) Giving priority to theory rather than practical action.C) Offering preferential treatment to wealthy countries.D) Failing to pass laws to curb environmental pollution.63. What does the author try to draw our closest attention to?A) The massive burning of fossil fuels. B) Our relationship to the plant world.C) The capacity of plants to renew polluted air.D) Large-scale deforestation across the world.64. How can human beings accomplish the goal of protecting the planet according to the author?A) By showing respect for plants. B) By preserving all forms of life.C) By tapping all natural resources. D) By pooling their efforts together.65. What does the author suggest we do in order not just to survive?A) Expand the sphere of living. B) Develop nature's potentials.C) Share life with nature. D) Allocate the resources.答案解析56．【定位】NN-P0的many people和the biggest『c)[解析l细节辨认题。

2015年6月大学英语6级真题(三套全)

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）When the right person is holding the right job at the right moment, that person's influence is greatly expanded. That is the position in which Janet Yellen, who is expected to be confirmed as the next chair of the Federal Reserve Bank (Fed) in January, now finds herself. If you believe, as many do, that unemployment is the major economic and social concern of our day, then it is no stretch to think Yellen is the most powerful person in the world right now.Throughout the 2008 financial crisis and the recession and recovery that followed, central banks have taken on the role of stimulators of last resort, holding up the global economy with vast amounts of money in the form of asset buying. Yellen, previously a Fed vice chair, was one of the principal architects of the Fed's $3.8 trillion money dump. A star economist known for her groundbreaking work on labor markets, Yeilen was a kind of prophetess early on in the crisis for her warnings about the subprime（次级债）meltdown. Now it will be her job to get the Fed and the markets out of the biggest and most unconventional monetary program in history without derailing the fragile recovery.The good news is that Yellen, 67, is particularly well suited to meet these challenges. She has a keen understanding of financial markets, an appreciation for their imperfections and a strong belief that human suffering was more related to unemployment than anything else.Some experts worry that Yellen will be inclined to chase unemployment to the neglect of inflation. But with wages still relatively flat and the economy increasingly divided between the well-off and the long-term unemployed' more people worry about the opposite, deflation（通货紧缩）that would aggravate the economy's problems.Either way, the incoming Fed chief will have to walk a fine line in slowly ending the stimulus. It must be steady enough to deflate bubbles（去泡沫）and bring markets back down to earth but not so quick that it creates another credit crisis.Unlike many past Fed leaders, Yellen is not one to buy into the finance industry's argument that it should be left alone to regulate itself. She knows all along the Fed has been too slack on regulation of finance.Yellen is likely to address right after she pushes unemployment below 6%, stabilizes markets and makes sure that the recovery is more inclusive and robust. As Princeton Professor Alan Blinder says' "She's smart as a whip, deeply logical, willing to argue but also a good listener. She can persuade without creating hostility." AH those traits will be useful as the global economy's new power player takes on its most annoying problems.56. What do many people think is the biggest problem facing Janet Yellen?A) Lack of money. B) Subprime crisis. C) Unemployment. D) Social instability.57. What did Yellen help the Fed do to tackle the 2008 financial crisis?A) Take effective measures to curb inflation.B) Deflate the bubbles in the American economy.C) Formulate policies to help financial institutions.D) Pour money into the market through asset buying.58. What is a greater concern of the general public?A) Recession. B) Deflation. C) Inequality. D) Income.59. What is Yellen likely to do in her position as the Fed chief?A) Develop a new monetary program. B) Restore public confidence.C) Tighten financial regulation. D) Reform the credit system.60. How does Alan Blinder portray Yellen?A) She possesses strong persuasive power.B) She has confidence in what she is doing.C) She is one of the world's greatest economists.D) She is the most powerful Fed chief in history.Passage TwoAir pollution is deteriorating in many places around the world. The fact that public parks in cities become crowded as soon as the sun shines proves that people long to breathe in green, open spaces. They do not all know what they are seeking but they flock there, nevertheless. And, in these surroundings, they are generally both peaceful and peaceable. It is rare to see people fighting in a garden. Perhaps struggle unfolds first, not at an economic or social level, but over the appropriation of air, essential to life itself. If human beings can breathe and share air, they don't need to struggle with one another.Unfortunately, in our western tradition, neither materialist nor idealist theoreticians give enough consideration to this basic condition for life. As for politicians, despite proposing curbs on environmental pollution, they have not yet called for it to be made a crime. Wealthy countries are even allowed to pollute if they pay for it.But is our life worth anything other than money? The plant world shows us in silence what faithfulness to life consists of. It also helps us to a new beginning, urging us to care for our breath, not only at a vital but also at a spiritual level. The interdependence to which we must pay the closest attention is that which exists between ourselves and the plant world. Often described as "the lungs of the planet", the woods that cover the earth offer us the gift of breathable air by releasing oxygen. But their capacity to renew the air polluted by industry has long reached its limit. If we lack the air necessary for a healthy life, it is because we have filled it with chemicals and undercut the ability of plants to regenerate it. As we know, rapid deforestation combined with the massive burning of fossil fuels is an explosive recipe for an irreversible disaster.The fight over the appropriation of resources will lead the entire planet to hell unless humans learn to share life, both with each other and with plants. This task is simultaneously ethical and political because it can be discharged only when each takes it upon herself or himself and only when it is accomplished together with others. The lesson taught by plants is that sharing life expands and enhances the sphere of the living, while dividing life into so-called natural or human resources diminishes it. We must come to view the air, the plants and ourselves as the contributors to the preservation of life and growth, rather than a web of quantifiable objects or productive potentialities at our disposal. Perhaps then we would finally begin to live, rather than being concerned with bare survival.61. What does the author assume might be the primary reason that people would struggle with each other?A) To get their share of clean air. B) To pursue a comfortable life.C) To gain a higher social status. D) To seek economic benefits.62. What does the author accuse western politicians of?A) Depriving common people of the right to clean air.B) Giving priority to theory rather than practical action.C) Offering preferential treatment to wealthy countries.D) Failing to pass laws to curb environmental pollution.63. What does the author try to draw our closest attention to?A) The massive burning of fossil fuels.B) Our relationship to the plant world.C) The capacity of plants to renew polluted air.D) Large-scale deforestation across the world.64. How can human beings accomplish the goal of protecting the planet according to the author?A) By showing respect for plants. B) By preserving all forms of life.C) By tapping all natural resources. D) By pooling their efforts together.65. What does the author suggest we do in order not just to survive?A) Expand the sphere of living. B) Develop nature's potentials.C) Share life with nature. D) Allocate the resources.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.I'll admit I've never quite understood the obsession（难以破除的成见）surrounding genetically modified (GM) crops. To environmentalist opponents, GM foods are simply evil, an understudied, possibly harmful tool used by big agricultural businesses to control global seed markets and crush local farmers. They argue that GM foods have never delivered on their supposed promise, that money spent on GM crops would be better channeled to organic farming and that consumers should be protected with warning labels on any products that contain genetically modified ingredients. To supporters, GM crops are a key part of the effort to sustainably provide food to meet a growing global population. But more than that, supporters see the GM opposition of many environmentalists as fundamentally anti-science, no different than those who question the basics of man-made climate change.For both sides, GM foods seem to act as a symbol: you're pro-agricultural business or anti-science. But science is exactly what we need more of when it comes to GM foods, which is why I was happy to see Nature devote a special series of articles to the GM food controversy. The conclusion: while GM crops haven't yet realized their initial promise and have been dominated by agricultural businesses, there is reason to continue to use and develop them to help meet the enormous challenge of sustainably feeding a growing planet.That doesn't mean GM crops are perfect, or a one-size-fits-all solution to global agriculture problems. But anything that can increase farming efficiency一the amount of crops we can produce per acre of land一will be extremely useful. GM crops can and almost certainly will be part of thatsuite of tools' but so will traditional plant breeding, improved soil and crop management一and perhaps most important of all, better storage and transport infrastructure（基础设施）, especially in the developing world. (It doesn't do much good for farmers in places like sub-Saharan Africa to produce more food if they can't get it to hungry consumers.) I'd like to see more non-industry research done on GM crops—not just because we'd worry less about bias, but also because seed companies like Monsanto and Pioneer shouldn't be the only entities working to harness genetic modification. I'd like to see GM research on less commercial crops, like com. I don't think it's vital to label GM ingredients in food, but I also wouldn't be against it一and industry would be smart to go along with labeling, just as a way of removing fears about the technology.Most of all, though, I wish a tenth of the energy that's spent endlessly debating GM crops was focused on those more pressing challenges for global agriculture. There are much bigger battles to fight.56. How do environmentalist opponents view GM foods according to the passage?A) They will eventually ruin agriculture and the environment.B) They are used by big businesses to monopolize agriculture.C) They have proved potentially harmful to consumers' health.D) They pose a tremendous threat to current farming practice.57. What does the author say is vital to solving the controversy between the two sides of the debate?A) Breaking the GM food monopoly. B) More friendly exchange of ideas.C) Regulating GM food production. D) More scientific research on GM crops.58. What is the main point of the Nature articles?A) Feeding the growing population makes it imperative to develop GM crops.B) Popularizing GM technology will help it to live up to its initial promises.C) Measures should be taken to ensure the safety of GM foods.D) Both supporters and opponents should make compromises.59. What is the author's view on the solution to agricultural problems?A) It has to depend more and more on GM technology.B) It is vital to the sustainable development of human society.C) GM crops should be allowed until better alternatives are found.D) Whatever is useful to boost farming efficiency should be encouraged.60. What does the author think of the ongoing debate around GM crops?A) It arises out of ignorance of and prejudice against new science.B) It distracts the public attention from other key issues of the world.C) Efforts spent on it should be turned to more urgent issues of agriculture.D) Neither side is likely to give in until more convincing evidence is found.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Early decision —you apply to one school, and admission is binding —seems like a great choice for nervous applicants. Schools let in a higher percentage of early-decision applicants, which arguably means that you have a better chance of getting in. And if you do, you're done with thewhole agonizing process by December. But what most students and parents don't realize is that schools have hidden motives for offering early decision.Early decision, since it's binding, allows schools to fill their classes with qualified students; it allows ad-missions committees to select the students that are in particular demand for their college and know those students will come. It also gives schools a higher yield rate, which is often used as one of the ways to measure college selectivity and popularity.The problem is that this process effectively shortens the window of time students have to make one of the most important decisions of their lives up to that point. Under regular admissions, seniors have until May 1 to choose which school to attend; early decision effectively steals six months from them, months that could be used to visit more schools, do more research, speak to current students and alumni（校友）and arguably make a more informed decision.There are, frankly, an astonishing number of exceptional colleges in America, and for any given student, there are a number of schools that are a great fit. When students become too fixated（专注）on a particular school early in the admissions process, that fixation can lead to severe disappointment if they don't get in or, if they do, the possibility that they are now bound to go to a school that, given time for further reflection, may not actually be right for them.Insofar as early decision offers a genuine admissions edge, that advantage goes largely to students who already have numerous advantage. The students who use early decision tend to be those who have received higher-quality college guidance, usually a result of coming from a more privileged background. In this regard, there's an argument against early decision, as students from lower-income families are far less likely to have the admissions know-how to navigate the often confusing early deadlines.Students who have done their research and are confident that there's one school they would be thrilled to get into should, under the current system, probably apply under early decision. But for students who haven't yet done enough research, or who are still constantly changing their minds on favorite schools, the early-decision system needlessly and prematurely narrows the field of possibility just at a time when students should be opening themselves to a whole range of thrilling options.61. What are students obliged to do under early decision?A) Look into a lot of schools before they apply. B) Attend the school once they are admitted.C) Think twice before they accept the offer. D) Consult the current students and alumni.62. Why do schools offer early decision?A) To make sure they get qualified students.B) To avoid competition with other colleges.C) To provide more opportunities for applicants.D) To save students the agony of choosing a school.63. What is said to be the problem with early decision for students?A) It makes their application process more complicated.B) It places too high a demand on their research ability.C) It allows them little time to make informed decisions.D) It exerts much more psychological pressure on them.64. Why are some people opposed to early decision?A) It interferes with students' learning in high school.B) It is biased against students at ordinary high schools.C) It causes unnecessary confusion among college applicants.D) It places students from lower-income families at a disadvantage.65. What does the author advise college applicants to do?A) Refrain from competing with students from privileged families.B) Avoid choosing early decision unless they are fully prepared.C) Find sufficient information about their favorite schools.D) Look beyond the few supposedly thrilling options.。

2015年6月--12月英语大学英语六级真题及答案详解(共6套)

2015年6月12月英语六级阅读理解真题及答案(共六套)

2015年6月大学英语六级考试第一套答案解析(卷一)

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题(一)答案与详解Part ⅠWriting1、审题:本次作文是六级考试中常见的名言哲理类作文【考频:★★★】。

此次作文话题“实践”(practice)是考生比较熟悉的话题，因此写起来并不难。

考生应该将重点放在第二段阐释实践的重要性上:联系实际可知，实践对大学生来说有着非常重要的意义。

2、列提纲：3、语言:用词要准确，注意恰当使用连接词使文章衔接更自然，并适当使用从句、倒装句等句型提升作文档次。

The Importance of Practice“Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it” is a proverb vividly showing the relationship between knowledge and practice. Apparently, this saying delivers the message that if we want to truly acquire the knowledge, we ought not to stop practicing what we’ve learned.As for us college students, practice is of great importance. There are two reasons for this statement. To begin with, it is by practice that we can apply the knowledge we have obtained from our textbooks to solving practical problems. By doing so, we can get more experience. What’s more, knowledge has become so growingly complicated that if we don’t ponder over it again and again，we cannot genuinely grasp the essence of it. Oral English learning is a good case in point. Even if one is extremely familiar with the grammar of the language, he will never be a fluent speaker if he doesn’t open his mouth to speak.To sum up, practice is of great importance for those who are determined to truly grasp knowledge. Practice not only assists us in getting more social experience, but also enables us to capture the essence of knowledge. PartⅡListening Comprehension1.听力原文：W：Can you come to the concert with me this weekend? Or do you have to prepare for exams?M: I still have a lot to do, but maybe a break would do me good.Q：What will the man probably do?1. A) Prepare for his exams.B) Catch up on his work.C) Attend the concert.D) Go on a vacation..【预测】四个选项均为动词短语，特别是由A)中的his exams和B)中的his work可以判断，都是在描述男士的动作。

2015年6月英语六级真题卷第一套(含答案)

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section AQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage."That which does not kill us makes us stronger." But parents can't handle it when teenagers put this 36____ into practice. Now technology has become the new field for the age-old battle between adults and their freedom-seeking kids.Locked indoors, unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends, teens have turned to social media and their mobile phones to socialize with their peers. What they do online often 37____ what they might otherwise do if their mobility weren't so heavily 38____ in the age of helicopter parenting. Social media and smart-phone apps have become so popular in recent years because teens need a place to call their own. They want the freedom to 39____ their identity and the world around them. Instead of 40____ out, they jump online.As teens have moved online, parents have projected their fears onto the Internet, imaginingall the 41____ dangers that youth might face 一from 42____ strangers to cruel peers to pictures orwords that could haunt them on Google for the rest of their lives.Rather than helping teens develop strategies for negotiating public life and the risks of 43____with others, fear-full parents have focused on tracking, monitoring and blocking. These tactics（策略）don't help teens develop the skills they need to manage complex social situations, 44____ risks and get help when they're in trouble. "Protecting" kids may feel like the right thing to do, but it 45____ the learning that teens need to do as they come of age in a technology-soaked world.A) assess B) constrained C) contains D) exploreE) influence F) interacting G) interpretation H) magnifiedI) mirrors J) philosophy K) potential L) sneakingM) sticking N) undermines O) violentSection BInequality Is Not Inevitable[A] A dangerous trend has developed over this past third of a century. A country that experienced shared growth after World War II began to tear apart, so much so that when the Great Recession hit in late 2007, one could no longer ignore the division that had come to define the American economic landscape. How did this "shining city on a hill" become the advanced country with the greatest level of inequality?[B] Over the past year and a half, The Great divide, a series in The New York Times, has presenteda wide range of examples that undermine the notion that there are any truly fundamental laws of capitalism. The dynamics of the imperial capitalism of the 19th century needn't apply in the democracies of the 21st. we don't need to have this much inequality in America.[C] Our current brand of capitalism is a fake capitalism. For proof of this go back to our response to the Great Recession, where we socialized losses, even as we privatized gains. Perfect competition should drive profits to zero, at least theoretically, but we have monopolies making persistently high profits. C.E.O.s enjoy incomes that are on average 295 times that of the typical worker, a much higher ratio than in the past, without any evidence of a proportionate increase inproductivity.[D] If it is not the cruel laws of economics that have led to America's great divide, what is it? The straightforward answer: our policies and our politics. People get tired of hearing about Scandinavian success stories, but the fact of the matter is that Sweden, Finland and Norway have all succeeded in having about as much or faster growth in per capita（人均的）incomes than the United States and with far greater equality.[E] So why has America chosen these inequality-enhancing policies? Part of the answer is that as World War II faded into memory, so too did the solidarity it had created. As America triumphed inthe Cold War, there didn't seem to be a real competitor to our economic model. Without this international competition, we no longer had to show that our system could deliver for most of our citizens.[F] Ideology and interests combine viciously. Some drew the wrong lesson from the collapse of the Soviet system in 1991. The pendulum swung from much too much government there to much too little here. Corporate interests argued for getting rid of regulations, even when those regulations had done so much to protect and improve our environment, our safety, our health and the economy itself.[G] But this ideology was hypocritical（虚伪的）. The bankers, among the strongest advocates of laissez-faire（自由放任的）economics, were only too willing to accept hundreds of billions of dollars from the government in the aid programs that have been a recurring feature of the global economy since the beginning of the Thatcher-Reagan era of "free" markets and deregulation. [H] The American political system is overrun by money. Economic inequality translates into political in-equality, and political inequality yields increasing economic inequality. So corporate welfare increases as we reduce welfare for the poor. Congress maintains subsidies for rich farmers as we cut back on nutritional support for the needy. Drug companies have been given hundreds of billions of dollars as we limit Medicaid benefits. The banks that brought on the global financial crisis got billions while a tiny bit went to the homeowners and victims of the same banks' predatory（掠夺性的）lending practices. This last decision was particularly foolish. There were alternatives to throwing money at the banks and hoping it would circulate through increased lending.[I] Our divisions are deep. Economic and geographic segregation has immunized those at the top from the problems of those down below. Like the kings of ancient times' they have come to perceive their privileged positions essentially as a natural right.[J] Our economy, our democracy and our society have paid for these gross inequalities. The true test of an economy is not how much wealth its princes can accumulate in tax havens（庇护所）, but how well off the typical citizen is. But average incomes are lower than they were a quarter-century ago. Growth has gone to the very, very top, whose share has almost increased four times since 1980. Money that was meant to have trickled（流淌）down has instead evaporated in the agreeable climate of the Cayman Islands.[K] With almost a quarter of American children younger than 5 living in poverty, and with America doing so little for its poor, the deprivations of one generation are being visited upon the next. Of course, no country has ever come close to providing complete equality of opportunity. But why is America one of the advanced countries where the life prospects of the young are most sharply determined by the income and education of their parents?[L] Among the most bitter stories in The Great Divide were those that portrayed the frustrations of the young, who long to enter our shrinking middle class. Soaring tuitions and declining incomes have resulted in larger debt burdens. Those with only a high school diploma have seen their incomes decline by 13 percent over the past 35 years.[M] Where justice is concerned, there is also a huge divide. In the eyes of the rest of the world and a significant part of its own population, mass imprisonment has come to define America—a country, it bears repeating, with about 5 percent of the world's population but around a fourth of the world 's prisoners.[N] Justice has become a commodity, affordable to only a few. While Wall Street executives used their expensive lawyers to ensure that their ranks were not held accountable for the misdeeds that the crisis in 2008 so graphically revealed, the banks abused our legal system to foreclose（取消赎回权）on mortgages and eject tenants, some of whom did not even owe money.[O] More than a half-century ago, America led the way in advocating for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the United Nations in 1948. Today, access to health care is among the most universally accepted rights, at least in the advanced countries. America, despite the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, is the exception. In the relief that many felt when the Supreme Court did not overturn the Affordable Care Act, the implications of the decision for Medicaid were not fully appreciated. Obamacare's objective 一to ensure that all Americans have access to health care — has been blocked: 24 states have not implemented the expanded Medicaid program, which was the means by which Obamacare was supposed to deliver on its promise to some of the poorest.[P] We need not just a new war on poverty but a war to protect the middle class. Solutions to these problems do not have to be novel. Far from it. Making markets act like markets would be a good place to start. We must end the rent-seeking society we have gravitated toward, in which the wealthy obtain profits by manipulating the system.[Q] The problem of inequality is not so much a matter of technical economics. It's really a problem of practical politics. Inequality is not just about the top marginal tax rate but also about our children's access to food and the right to justice for all. If we spent more on education, health and infrastructure（基础设施）, we would strengthen our economy, now and in the future.46. In theory, free competition is supposed to reduce the margin of profits to the minimum.47. The United States is now characterized by a great division between the rich and the poor.48. America lacked the incentive to care for the majority of its citizens as it found no rival for its economic model.49. The wealthy top have come to take privileges for granted.50. Many examples show the basic laws of imperial capitalism no longer apply in present-day America.51. The author suggests a return to the true spirit of the market.52. A quarter of the world's prisoner population is in America.53. Government regulation in America went from one extreme to the other in the past two decades.54. Justice has become so expensive that only a small number of people like corporate executives can afford it.55. No country in the world so far has been able to provide completely equal opportunities for all. Section CPassage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.I'll admit I've never quite understood the obsession（难以破除的成见）surrounding genetically modified (GM) crops. To environmentalist opponents, GM foods are simply evil, an understudied, possibly harmful tool used by big agricultural businesses to control global seed markets and crush local farmers. They argue that GM foods have never delivered on their supposed promise, that money spent on GM crops would be better channeled to organic farming and that consumers should be protected with warning labels on any products that contain genetically modified ingredients. To supporters, GM crops are a key part of the effort to sustainably provide food to meet a growing global population. But more than that, supporters see the GM opposition of many environmentalists as fundamentally anti-science, no different than those who question the basics of man-made climate change.For both sides, GM foods seem to act as a symbol: you're pro-agricultural business oranti-science. But science is exactly what we need more of when it comes to GM foods, which is why I was happy to see Nature devote a special series of articles to the GM food controversy. The conclusion: while GM crops haven't yet realized their initial promise and have been dominated by agricultural businesses, there is reason to continue to use and develop them to help meet the enormous challenge of sustainably feeding a growing planet.That doesn't mean GM crops are perfect, or a one-size-fits-all solution to global agriculture problems. But anything that can increase farming efficiency 一the amount of crops we can produce per acre of land 一will be extremely useful. GM crops can and almost certainly will be part of that suite of tools' but so will traditional plant breeding, improved soil and crop management 一and perhaps most important of all, better storage and transport infrastructure（基础设施）, especially in the developing world. (It doesn't do much good for farmers in places like sub-Saharan Africa to produce more food if they can't get it to hungry consumers.) I'd like to see more non-industry research done on GM crops—not just because we'd worry less about bias, but also because seed companies like Monsanto and Pioneer shouldn't be the only entities working to harness genetic modification. I'd like to see GM research on less commercial crops, like com. I don't think it's vital to label GM ingredients in food, but I also wouldn't be against it 一and industry would be smart to go along with labeling, just as a way of removing fears about the technology.Most of all, though, I wish a tenth of the energy that's spent endlessly debating GM crops was focused on those more pressing challenges for global agriculture. There are much bigger battles to fight.56. How do environmentalist opponents view GM foods according to the passage?A) They will eventually ruin agriculture and the environment.B) They are used by big businesses to monopolize agriculture.C) They have proved potentially harmful to consumers' health.D) They pose a tremendous threat to current farming practice.57. What does the author say is vital to solving the controversy between the two sides of the debate?A) Breaking the GM food monopoly. B) More friendly exchange of ideas.C) Regulating GM food production. D) More scientific research on GM crops.58. What is the main point of the Nature articles?A) Feeding the growing population makes it imperative to develop GM crops.B) Popularizing GM technology will help it to live up to its initial promises.C) Measures should be taken to ensure the safety of GM foods.D) Both supporters and opponents should make compromises.59. What is the author's view on the solution to agricultural problems?A) It has to depend more and more on GM technology.B) It is vital to the sustainable development of human society.C) GM crops should be allowed until better alternatives are found.D) Whatever is useful to boost farming efficiency should be encouraged.60. What does the author think of the ongoing debate around GM crops?A) It arises out of ignorance of and prejudice against new science.B) It distracts the public attention from other key issues of the world.C) Efforts spent on it should be turned to more urgent issues of agriculture.D) Neither side is likely to give in until more convincing evidence is found.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Early decision — you apply to one school, and admission is binding — seems like a great choice for nervous applicants. Schools let in a higher percentage of early-decision applicants, which arguably means that you have a better chance of getting in. And if you do, you're done with the whole agonizing process by December. But what most students and parents don't realize is that schools have hidden motives for offering early decision.Early decision, since it's binding, allows schools to fill their classes with qualified students; it allows ad-missions committees to select the students that are in particular demand for their college and know those students will come. It also gives schools a higher yield rate, which is often used as one of the ways to measure college selectivity and popularity.The problem is that this process effectively shortens the window of time students have tomake one of the most important decisions of their lives up to that point. Under regular admissions, seniors have until May 1 to choose which school to attend; early decision effectively steals six months from them, months that could be used to visit more schools, do more research, speak to current students and alumni（校友）and arguably make a more informed decision.There are, frankly, an astonishing number of exceptional colleges in America, and for anygiven student, there are a number of schools that are a great fit. When students become too fixated （专注）on a particular school early in the admissions process, that fixation can lead to severe disappointment if they don't get in or, if they do, the possibility that they are now bound to go to a school that, given time for further reflection, may not actually be right for them.Insofar as early decision offers a genuine admissions edge, that advantage goes largely to students who already have numerous advantage. The students who use early decision tend to be those who have received higher-quality college guidance, usually a result of coming from a more privileged background. In this regard, there's an argument against early decision, as students fromlower-income families are far less likely to have the admissions know-how to navigate the often confusing early deadlines.Students who have done their research and are confident that there's one school they wouldbe thrilled to get into should, under the current system, probably apply under early decision. But for students who haven't yet done enough research, or who are still constantly changing their minds on favorite schools, the early-decision system needlessly and prematurely narrows the field of possibility just at a time when students should be opening themselves to a whole range of thrilling options.61. What are students obliged to do under early decision?A) Look into a lot of schools before they apply. B) Attend the school once they are admitted.C) Think twice before they accept the offer. D) Consult the current students and alumni.62. Why do schools offer early decision?A) To make sure they get qualified students.B) To avoid competition with other colleges.C) To provide more opportunities for applicants.D) To save students the agony of choosing a school.63. What is said to be the problem with early decision for students?A) It makes their application process more complicated.B) It places too high a demand on their research ability.C) It allows them little time to make informed decisions.D) It exerts much more psychological pressure on them.64. Why are some people opposed to early decision?A) It interferes with students' learning in high school.B) It is biased against students at ordinary high schools.C) It causes unnecessary confusion among college applicants.D) It places students from lower-income families at a disadvantage.65. What does the author advise college applicants to do?A) Refrain from competing with students from privileged families.B) Avoid choosing early decision unless they are fully prepared.C) Find sufficient information about their favorite schools.D) Look beyond the few supposedly thrilling options.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)2011 年是中国城市化（urbanization）进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。

2015年6月英语六级真题答案完整版(一)

2015年6月英语六级真题答案完整版(试卷一) 听力真题Short conversations1.W: Can you come to the concert with me this weekend or do you have to prepare for exams?M: I still have a lot to do. But maybe a break will do me good.Q: What will the man probably do?2.W: What does the paper say about the horrible incident that happened this morning on Flight 870 to Hong Kong?M: It ended with the arrest of the three hijackers. They have forced the plane to fly to Japan. But all the passengers and the crewmembers landed safely.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?3.M: Helen, this is the most fascinating article I’ve ever come across. I think you should spare some time to read it.W: Oh, really? I thought that anything about the election would be tedious.Q: What are the speakers talking about?4.W: I’m not going to trust the restaurant critic from that magazine again. The food here doesn’t taste anything like what we had in Chinatown.M: It definitely wasn’t worth the wait.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?5.W: Do you know what’s wrong with Mark? He’s been acting very strangely lately. M: Come on. With his mother hospitalized right after he’s taking on a new job, he's just got a lot on his mind.Q: What do we learn from the conversation about Mark?6.W: There were only 20 students at last night’s meeting, so nothing could be voted on.M: That’s too bad. They'll have to turn up in greater numbers if they want a voice on campus issues.Q: What does the man mean?7.M: I try to watch TV as little as possible. But it’s so hard.W: I didn’t watch TV at all before I retired. But now I can hardly tear myself away from it.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?8.W: I’m having a problem registering for the classes I want.M: That’s too bad. But I’m pretty sure you’ll be able to work everything out before the semester starts.Q: What does the man mean?长对话1Long Conversation 1W: Jack, sit down and listen. This is important. We have to tackle the problems of exporting step by step. And the first move is to get an up-to-date picture of where we stand now.M: Why don't we just concentrate on expanding here at home?W: Of course we should hold on to our position here, but you must admit the market here is limited.M: Yes, but it's safe. The government keeps out foreigners with import controls. So I must admit I feel sure we could hold our own against the foreign bikes.W: I agree. That’s why I'm suggesting exporting, because I feel we can compete with the best of them.M: What you are really saying is that we'd make more profit by selling bikes abroad, where we have a cost advantage and can charge higher prices.W: Exactly.M: But…Wait a minute! Packaging, shipping, financing, etc. will push up our costs and we could end up no better-off. Maybe worse-off.W: Okay. Now there are extra costs involved. But if we do it right, they can be built into the price of the bike, and we can still be competitive.M: How sure are you about our chances of success in the foreign market?W: Well, that's the sticky one. It's going to need a lot of research. I'm hoping to get your help. Oh, come on Jack! Is that worth it or not?M: There'll be a lot of problems.W: Nothing we can't handle.M: Um…I'm not that hopeful. But…yes, I think we should go ahead with the feasibility study.W: Marvelous, Jack. I was hoping you be on my side.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. What does the woman intend to do?10. Why does the man think it’s safe to focus on the home market?11. What is the man's concern about selling bikes abroad?12. What do the speakers agree to do?Long conversation2长对话二W: What does the term alternative energy source mean?M: When you think of energy or fuel for our homes and cars, we think of petroleum or fossil fuel processed from oil removed from the ground of which there is a limited supply. But alternative fuels can be many things, wind, sun and water can all be used to create fuel.W: Is the threat of running out of petroleum real?M: It has taken thousands of years to create the natural stores of petroleum we have now. We are using what is available at a much faster rate than it has been produced over time. The real controversy surrounding the amounts of petroleum we have is how much we need to keep in reserve for future use. Most experts agree that by around 2025 the amount of petroleum we use will reach a peak then production and availability will begin to seriously decline. This is not to say there will be no petroleum at this point, but it willbecome very difficult and therefore expensive to extract.W: Is that the most important reason to develop alternative fuel and energy sources?M: There're two very clear reasons to do so. One is that whether we have 60 or 600 years of fossil fuels left, we have to find other fuel sources eventually, so the sooner we start, the better off we will be. The other big argument is that when you burn fossil fuels, you release substances trapped in the ground for a long time, which leads to some long term negative effects like global warming and greenhouse effect.13. What do we usually refer to when we talk about energy according to the man?14. What do most experts agree on according to the man?15. What does the man think we should do now?短文一Passage OneKaren Smith is a buyer for a department store in New York. Department store buyers purchase the goods that their stores sell. They not only have to know what is fashionable at the moment, but also have to guess what will become fashionable next season or next year.Most buyers work for just one department in a store, but the goods that Karen finds may be displayed and sold in several different sections of the store. Her job involves buying handicrafts from all over the world.Last year, she made a trip to Morocco, and returned with rugs, pots, dishes, and pans. The year before, she visited Mexico, and brought back hand-made table cloths, mirrors with frames of tin, and paper flowers. The paper flowers are bright and colorful, so they were used to decorate the whole store. This year, Karen is traveling in Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. Many of the countries that Karen visits have government offices that promote handicrafts. They officials are glad to cooperate with her, by showing her the products that are available.Karen especially likes to visit markets and small towns and villages whenever she can arrange for it. She’s always looking for interesting and unusual items.Karen thinks she has the best job she could have found. She loves all the traveling that she has to do,because she often visits markets and small out-of-the-way places. She sees much more of the country she visits than an ordinary tourists would. As soon as she gets back to New York from one trip, Karen begins to plan another.16. What is said to make a good department store buyer?17. What does Karen’s job involve?18. Why does Karen think she has got the best job?Passage TwoMark felt that it was time for him to take part in his community, so he went to the neighborhood meeting after work. The area city council woman was leading a discussion about how the quality of life was on the decline. The neighborhood faced many problems. Mark looked at the charts taped to the walls. There were charts for parking problems, crime, and for problems in vacant buildings. Mark read from the charts, “Police patrols cut back, illegal parking up 20%”. People were supposed to suggest solutions to the council woman. It was too much for Mark. “The problems are too big”, he thought. He turned to the man next to him and said, “I think this is a waste of my time. Nothing I can do would make a difference here.”As he neared the bus stop on his way home, Mark saw a woman carrying a grocery bag, and a baby. As Mark got closer, her other child, a little boy, suddenly darted into the street. The woman tried to reach for him, but as she moved, her bag shifted, and groceries started to fall out. Mark ran to take the boy’s arm and led him back to his mother. “You gotta stay with mom,”he said. Then he picked up the stray groceries while and the woman smiled in relief. “Thanks,”she said, “You’ve got great timing.”“Just being neighborly,”Mark said. As he rode home, he glanced at the poster near his seat in the bus. Small acts of kindness add up. Mark smiled and thought, “Maybe that’s a good place to start.”19. What did Mark think he should start doing?20. What was being discussed when Mark arrived at the neighborhood meeting?21. What did Mark think of the community’s problems?22. Why did Mark smile on his ride home?Passage ThreeAnd if stress in childhood can lead to heart disease, what about current stresses? Longer work hours, threats of layoffs, collapse in pension funds. A study last year in the Lancered examined more than 11,000 heart attack sufferers from 52 countries. It found that in the year before their heart attacks, patients have been undersignificantly more stress than some 13,000 healthy control subjects. Those stresses came from work, family, financial trouble, depression and other causes.Each of these factors individually was associated with increased risk, says Dr. Salim Yosef, professor of medicine at Canada’s McMaster University, and senior investigator on the study. Together they accounted for 30% of overall heart attack risk, but people respond differently to high pressure work situations. Whether it produces heart problems seems to depend on whether you have a sense of control over life, or live at the mercy of circumstances and superiors.That was the experience of Jano Cano, a roughed Illinois laboratory manager, who suffered his first heart attack in 1996 at the age of 56. In the two years before, his mother and two of his children had suffered serious illnesses, and his job had been changed in a reorganization. “My life seemed completely out of control,”he says, “I had no idea where I would end up.”He ended up in hospital due to a block in his artery. Two months later, he had a triple bypass surgery. A second heart attack when he was 58 left his doctor shaking his head. “There’s nothing more we can do for you,”doctors told him.23. What does the passage mainly discuss?24. What do we learn about Jano Cano’s family?25. What did Jano Cano’s doctors tell him when he had a second heart attack? Spot DictationWhen most people think of the word “education”, they think of a pupil as a sort of animate sausage casing. Into this empty casting, the teachers are supposed to stuff “education.”But genuine education, as Socrates knew more than two thousand years ago, is not inserting the stuffing of information into a person, but rather eliciting knowledge from him; it is the drawing-out of what is in the mind.“The most important part of education,”once wrote William Ernest Hocking, the distinguished Harvard philosopher, “is this instruction of a man in what he has inside of him.”And, as Edith Hamilton has reminded us, Socrates never said, “I know, learn from me.”He said, rather, “Look into your own selves and find the spark of the truth that God has put into every heart and that only you can kindle to a flame.”In a dialogue, Socrates takes an ignorant slave boy, without a day of schooling, and proves to the amazed observers that the boy really “knows”geometry –because the principles of geometry are already in his mind, waiting to be called out.So many of the discussions and controversies about the content of education are useless and inconclusive because they are concerned with what should “gointo”the student rather than with what should be taken out, and how this can best be done.The college student who once said to me, after a lecture, “I spend so much time studying that I don’t have a chance to learn anything,”was clearly expressing his dissatisfaction with the sausage casing view of education.翻译真题中国传统的待客之道要求饭菜丰富多样，让客人吃不完。

2015年6月12月英语六级阅读理解真题及答案（共六套）

2015年6月12月英语六级阅读理解真题及答案（共六套）2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）Passage OneWhen the right person is holding the right job at the right moment, that person's influence is greatly expanded. That is the position in which Janet Yellen, who is expected to be confirmed as the next chair of the Federal Reserve Bank (Fed) in January, now finds herself. If you believe, as many do, that unemployment is the major economic and social concern of our day, then it is no stretch to think Yellen is the most powerful person in the world right now.Throughout the 2008 financial crisis and the recession and recovery that followed, central banks have taken on the role of stimulators of last resort, holding up the global economy with vast amounts of money in the form of asset buying. Yellen, previously a Fed vice chair, was one of the principal architects of the Fed's $3.8 trillion money dump. A star economist known for her groundbreaking work on labor markets, Yellen was a kind of prophetess early on in the crisis for her warnings about the subprime（次级债）meltdown. Now it will be her job to get the Fed and the markets out of the biggest and most unconventional monetary program in history without derailing the fragile recovery.The good news is that Yellen, 67, is particularly well suited to meet these challenges. She has a keen understanding of financial markets, an appreciation for their imperfections and a strong belief that human suffering was more related to unemployment than anything else.Some experts worry that Yellen will be inclined to chaseunemployment to the neglect of inflation. But with wages still relatively flat and the economy increasingly divided between the well-off and the long-term unemployed, more people worry about the opposite, deflation（通货紧缩）that would aggravate the economy's problems.Either way, the incoming Fed chief will have to walk a fine line in slowly ending the stimulus. It must be steady enough to deflate bubbles（去泡沫）and bring markets back down to earth but not so quick that it creates another credit crisis.Unlike many past Fed leaders, Yellen is not one to buy into the finance industry's argument that it should be left alone to regulate itself. She knows all along the Fed has been too slack on regulation of finance.Yellen is likely to address the issue right after she pushes unemployment below 6%, stabilizes markets and makes sure that the recovery is more inclusive and robust. As Princeton Professor Alan Blinder says, "She's smart as a whip, deeply logical, willing to argue but also a good listener. She can persuade without creating hostility."All those traits will be useful as the global economy's new power player takes on its most annoying problems.56. What do many people think is the biggest problem facing Janet Yellen?A) Lack of money. B) Subprime crisis. C) Unemployment. D) Social instability.57. What did Yellen help the Fed do to tackle the 2008 financial crisis?A) Take effective measures to curb inflation. B) Deflate the bubbles in the American economy.C) Formulate policies to help financial institutions. D) Pourmoney into the market through asset buying.58. What is a greater concern of the general public?A) Recession. B) Deflation. C) Inequality. D) Income.59. What is Yellen likely to do in her position as the Fed chief?A) Develop a new monetary program. B) Restore public confidence.C) Tighten financial regulation. D) Reform the credit system.60. How does Alan Blinder portray Yellen?A) She possesses strong persuasive power. C) She is one of the world's greatest economists.B) She has confidence in what she is doing. D) She is the most powerful Fed chief in history.Passage TwoAir pollution is deteriorating in many places around the world. The fact that public parks in cities become crowded as soon as the sun shines proves that people long to breathe in green, open spaces. They do not all know what they are seeking but they flock there, nevertheless. And, in these surroundings, they are generally both peaceful and peaceable. It is rare to see people fighting in a garden. Perhaps struggle unfolds first, not at an economic or social level, but over the appropriation of air, essential to life itself. If human beings can breathe and share air, they don't need to struggle with one another.Unfortunately, in our western tradition, neither materialist nor idealist theoreticians give enough consideration to this basic condition for life. As for politicians, despite proposing curbs on environmental pollution, they have not yet called for it to be made a crime. Wealthy countries are even allowed to pollute if they pay for it.But is our life worth anything other than money? The plantworld shows us in silence what faithfulness to life consists of. It also helps us to a new beginning, urging us to care for our breath, not only at a vital but also at a spiritual level. The interdependence to which we must pay the closest attention is that which exists between ourselves and the plant world. Often described as "the lungs of the planet", the woods that cover the earth offer us the gift of breathable air by releasing oxygen. But their capacity to renew the air polluted by industry has long reached its limit. If we lack the air necessary for a healthy life, it is because we have filled it with chemicals and undercut the ability of plants to regenerate it. As we know, rapid deforestation combined with the massive burning of fossil fuels is an explosive recipe for an irreversible disaster.The fight over the appropriation of resources will lead the entire planet to hell unless humans learn to share life, both with each other and with plants. This task is simultaneously ethical and political because it can be discharged only when each takes it upon herself or himself and only when it is accomplished together with others. The lesson taught by plants is that sharing life expands and enhances the sphere of the living, while dividing life into so-called natural or human resources diminishes it. We must come to view the air, the plants and ourselves as the contributors to the preservation of life and growth, rather than a web of quantifiable objects or productive potentialities at our disposal. Perhaps then we would finally begin to live, rather than being concerned with bare survival.61. What does the author assume might be the primary reason that people would struggle with each other?A) To get their share of clean air. B) To pursue a comfortable life.C) To gain a higher social status. D) To seek economic benefits.62. What does the author accuse western politicians of?A) Depriving common people of the right to clean air.B) Giving priority to theory rather than practical action.C) Offering preferential treatment to wealthy countries.D) Failing to pass laws to curb environmental pollution.63. What does the author try to draw our closest attention to?A) The massive burning of fossil fuels. B) Our relationship to the plant world.C) The capacity of plants to renew polluted air.D) Large-scale deforestation across the world.64. How can human beings accomplish the goal of protecting the planet according to the author?A) By showing respect for plants. B) By preserving all forms of life.C) By tapping all natural resources. D) By pooling their efforts together.65. What does the author suggest we do in order not just to survive?A) Expand the sphere of living. B) Develop nature's potentials.C) Share life with nature. D) Allocate the resources.答案解析56．【定位】NN-P0的many people和the biggest『c)[解析l 细节辨认题。

2015年6月--12月英语大学英语六级真题及答案详解(共6套)

2015年6月英语六级真题及答案(第一套)

2015年6月英语六级真题及答案（第一套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it.” You can give an example ortwo to illustrate your point of view. You should write at least 150 words but no morethan 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each questionthere will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) Prepare for his exams.B) Catch up on his work.C) Attend the concert.D) Go on a vacation.2. A) Three crew members were involved in the incident.B) None of the hijackers carried any deadly weapons.C) The plane had been scheduled to fly to Japan.D) None of the passengers were injured or killed.3. A) An article about the election.B) A tedious job to be done.C) An election campaign.D) A fascinating topic.4. A) The restaurant was not up to the speakers’ expectations.B) The restaurant places many ads in popular magazines.C) The critic thought highly of the Chinese restaurant.D) Chinatown has got the best restaurants in the city.5. A) He is going to visit his mother in the hospital.B) He is going to take on a new job next week.C) He has many things to deal with right now.D) He behaves in a way nobody understands.6. A) A large number of students refused to vote last night.B) At least twenty students are needed to vote on an issue.C) Major campus issues had to be discussed at the meeting.D) More students have to appear to make their voice heard.7. A) The woman can hardly tell what she likes.B) The speakers like watching TV very much.C) The speakers have nothing to do but watch TV.D) The man seldom watched TV before retirement.8. A) The woman should have registered earlier.B) He will help the woman solve the problem.C) He finds it hard to agree with what the woman says.D) The woman will be able to attend the classes she wants.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) Persuade the man to join her company.B) Employ the most up-to-date technology.C) Export bikes to foreign markets.D) Expand their domestic business.10. A) The state subsidizes small and medium enterprises.B) The government has control over bicycle imports.C) They can compete with the best domestic manufacturers.D) They have a cost advantage and can charge higher prices.11. A) Extra costs might eat up their profits abroad.B) More workers will be needed to do packaging.C) They might lose to foreign bike manufacturers.D) It is very difficult to find suitable local agents.12. A) Report to the management.B) Attract foreign investments.C) Conduct a feasibility study.D) Consult financial experts.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) Coal burnt daily for the comfort of our homes.B) Anything that can be used to produce power.C) Fuel refined from oil extracted from underground.D) Electricity that keeps all kinds of machines running.14. A) Oil will soon be replaced by alternative energy sources.B) Oil reserves in the world will be exhausted in a decade.C) Oil consumption has given rise to many global problems.D) Oil production will begin to decline worldwide by 2025.15. A) Minimize the use of fossil fuels.B) Start developing alternative fuels.C) Find the real cause for global warming.D) Take steps to reduce the greenhouse effect.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.16. A) The ability to predict fashion trends.B) A refined taste for artistic works.C) Years of practical experience.D) Strict professional training.17. A) Promoting all kinds of American hand-made specialties.B) Strengthening cooperation with foreign governments.C) Conducting trade in art works with dealers overseas.D) Purchasing handicrafts from all over the world.18. A) She has access to fashionable things.B) She is doing what she enjoys doing.C) She can enjoy life on a modest salary.D) She is free to do whatever she wants.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Join in neighborhood patrols.B) Get involved in his community.C) V oice his complaints to the city council.D) Make suggestions to the local authorities.20. A) Deterioration in the quality of life.B) Increase of police patrols at night.C) Renovation of the vacant buildings.D) Violation of community regulations.21. A) They may take a long time to solve.B) They need assistance from the city.C) They have to be dealt with one by one.D) They are too big for individual efforts.22. A) He had got some groceries at a big discount.B) He had read a funny poster near his seat.C) He had done a small deed of kindness.D) He had caught the bus just in time.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) Childhood and healthy growth.B) Pressure and heart disease.C) Family life and health.D) Stress and depression.24. A) It experienced a series of misfortunes.B) It was in the process of reorganization.C) His mother died of a sudden heart attack.D) His wife left him because of his bad temper.25. A) They would give him a triple bypass surgery.B) They could remove the block in his artery.C) They could do nothing to help him.D) They would try hard to save his life.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is readfor the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words youhave just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should checkwhat you have written.When most people think of the word “education”, they think of a pupil as a sort of animate sausage casing. Into this empty casing, the teachers 26 stuff “education”.But genuine education, as Socrates knew more than two thousand years ago, is not 27 the stuffings of information into a person, but rather eliciting knowledge from him; it is the 28 of what is in the mind.“The most important part of education,” once wrote William Ernest Hocking, the 29 Harvard philosopher, “is this instruction of a man in what he has inside of him”. And, as Edith Hamilton has reminded us, Socrates never said, “I know, learn from me.” He said, rather, “Look into your own selves and find the 30 of truth that God has put into every heart, and that only you can kindle (点燃) to a 31 .”In a dialogue, Socrates takes an ignorant slave boy, without a day of 32 , and proves to the amazed observers that the boy really “knows” geometry—because the principles of geometry are already in his mind, waiting to be called out.So many of the discussions and 33 about the content of education are useless and inconclusive because they 34 what should “go into” the student rather than with what should be taken out, and how this can best be done.The college student who once said to me, after a lecture, “I spend so much time studying that I don’t have a chance to learn anything,” was clearly expressing his 35 with the sausage-casing view of education.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through care fully before making your choices. Each choice in thebank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item onAnswer Sheet2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.“That which does not kill us makes us stronger.” But parents can’t handle it when teenagers put this 36 into practice. Now technology has become the new field for the age-old battlebetween adults and their freedom-seeking kids.Locked indoors, unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends, teens have turned to social media and their mobile phones to socialize with their peers. What they do online often 37 what they might otherwise do if their mobility weren’t so heavily 38 in the age of helicopter parenting. Social media and smart-phone apps have become so popular in recent years because teens need a place to call their own. They want the freedom to 39 their identity and the world around them.Instead of 40 out, they jump online.As teens have moved online, parents have projected their fears onto the Internet, imagining all the 41 dangers that youth might face—from 42 strangers to cruel peers to pictures or words that could haunt them on Google for the rest of their lives.Rather than helping teens develop strategies for negotiating public life and the risks of 43 with others, fearful parents have focused on tracking, monitoring and blocking. These tactics (策略) don’t help teens develop the skills they need to manage complex social situations, 44 risks and get help when they’re in trouble. “Protecting” kids may feel like the right thing to do, but it 45 the learning that teens need to do as they come of age in a technology-soaked world.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the in formation is derived. You may choose a paragraph morethan once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by markingthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Inequality Is Not Inevitable[A] A dangerous trend has developed over this past third of a century. A country that experienced shared growth after World War II began to tear apart, so much so that when the Great Recession hit in late 2007, one could no longer ignore the division that had come to define the American economic landscape. How did this “shining city on a hill” become the advanced country with the greatest level of inequality?[B] Over the past year and a half, The Great Divide, a series in The New York Times, has presented a wide range of examples that undermine the notion that there are any truly fundamental laws of capitalism. The dynamics of the imperial capitalism of the 19th century needn’t apply in the democracies of the 21st. We don’t need to have this much inequality in America.[C] Our current brand of capitalism is a fake capitalism. For proof of this go back to our response to the Great Recession, where we socialized losses, even as we privatized gains. Perfect competition should drive profits to zero, at least theoretically, but we have monopolies making persistently high profits. C.E.O.s enjoy incomes that are on average 295 times that of the typical worker, a much higher ratio than in the past, without any evidence of a proportionate increase in productivity.[D] If it is not the cruel laws of economics that have led to America’s great divide, what is it? The straightforward answer, our policies and our politics. People get tired of hearing about Scandinavian success stories, but the fact of the matter is that Sweden, Finland and Norway have all succeeded in having about as much or faster growth in per capita (人均的) incomes than the United States and with far greater equality.[E] So why has America chosen these inequality-enhancing policies? Part of the answer is that as World War II faded into memory, so too did the solidarity it had created. As America triumphed in the Cold War, there didn’t seem to be a real competitor to our economic model. Without this international competition, we no longer had to show that our system could deliver for most of our citizens.[F] Ideology and interests combined viciously. Some drew the wrong lesson from the collapse of the Soviet system in 1991. The pendulum swung from much too much government there to much too little here. Corporate interests argued for getting rid of regulations, even when those regulations had done so much to protect and improve our environment, our safety, our health and the economy itself.[G] But this ideology was hypocritical (虚伪的). The bankers, among the strongest advocates of l aissez-faire(自由放任的) economics, were only too willing to accept hundreds of billions of dollars from the government in the aid programs that have been a recurring feature of the global economy since the beginning of the Thatcher-Reagan era of “free” markets and deregulation.[H] The American political system is overrun by money. Economic inequality translates into political inequality, and political inequality yields increasing economic inequality. So corporate welfare increases as we reduce welfare for the poor. Congress maintains subsidies for rich farmers as we cut back on nutritional support for the needy. Drug companies have been given hundreds of billions of dollars as we limit Medicaid benefits. The banks that brought on the global financial crisis got billions while a tiny bit went to the homeowners and victims of the same banks’ predatory(掠夺性的) lending practices. This last decision was particularly foolish. There were alternatives to throwing money at the banks and hoping it would circulate through increased lending.[I] Our divisions are deep. Economic and geographic segregation has immunized those at the top from the problems of those down below. Like the kings of ancient times, they have come to perceive their privileged positions essentially as a natural right.[J] Our economy, our democracy and our society have paid for these gross inequalities. The true test of an economy is not how much wealth its princes can accumulate in tax havens (庇护所), but how well off the typical citizen is. But average incomes are lower than they were a quarter-century ago. Growth has gone to the very, very top, whose share has almost increased four times since 1980. Money that was meant to have trickled (流淌) down has instead evaporated in the agreeable climate of the Cayman Islands.[K] With almost a quarter of American children younger than 5 living in poverty, and with America doing so little for its poor, the deprivations of one generation are being visited upon the next. Of course, no country has ever come close to providing complete equality of opportunity. But why is America one of the advanced countries where the life prospects of the young are most sharply determined by the income and education of their parents?[L] Among the most bitter stories in The Great Divide were those that portrayed the frustrations of the young, who long to enter our shrinking middle class. Soaring tuitions and declining incomes have resulted in larger debt burdens. Those with only a high school diploma have seen their incomes decline by 13 percent over the past 35 years.[M] Where justice is concerned, there is also a huge divide. In the eyes of the rest of the world and a significant part of its own population, mass imprisonment has come to define America—a country, it bears repeating, with about 5 percent of the world’s population but around a fourth of the world’s prisoners.[N] Justice has become a commodity, affordable to only a few. While Wall Street executives used their expensive lawyers to ensure that their ranks were not held accountable for the misdeeds that the crisis in 2008 so graphically revealed, the banks abused our legal system to foreclose (取消赎回权) on mortgages and eject tenants, some of whom did not even owe money.[O] More than a half-century ago, America led the way in advocating for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the United Nations in 1948. Today, access to health care is among the most universally accepted rights, at least in the advanced countries. America, despite the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, is the exception. In the relief that many felt when the Supreme Court did not overturn the Affordable Care Act, the implications of the decision for Medicaid were not fully appreciated. Obamacare’s objective—to ensure that all Americans have access to health care—has been blocked: 24 states have not implemented the expanded Medicaid program, which was the means by which Obamacare was supposed to deliver on its promise to some of the poorest.[P] We need not just a new war on poverty but a war to protect the middle class. Solutions to these problems do not have to be novel. Far from it. Making markets act like markets would be a good place to start. We must end the rent-seeking society we have gravitated toward, in which the wealthy obtain profits by manipulating the system.[Q] The problem of inequality is not so much a matter of technical economics. It’s really aproblem of practical politics. Inequality is not just about the top marginal tax rate but also about our children’s access to food and the right to justice for all. If we spent more on education, health and infrastructure (基础设施), we would strengthen our economy, now and in the future.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案(共三套)

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）Reading comprehension Section A Innovation, the elixir (灵丹妙药) of progress, has always cost people their jobs. In the Industrial Revolution hand weavers were ___36___ aside by the mechanical loom. Over the past 30 years the digital revolution has ___37___ many of the mid-skill jobs that underpinned 20th-century middle-class life. Typists, ticket agents, bank tellers and many production-line jobs have been dispensed with, just as the weavers were. For those who believe that technological progress has made the world a better place, such disruption is a natural part of rising ___38___. Although innovation kills some jobs, it creates new and better ones, as a more ___39___ society becomes richer and its wealthier inhabitants demand more goods and services. A hundred years ago one in three American workers was ___40___ on a farm. Today less than 2% of them produce far more food. The millions freed from the land were not rendered ___41___, but found better-paid work as the economy grew more sophisticated. Today the pool of secretaries has___42___, but there are ever more computer programmers and web designers. Optimism remains the right starting-point, but for workers the dislocating effects oftechnology may make themselves evident faster than its ___43___. Even if new jobs and wonderful products emerge, in the short term income gaps will widen, causing huge social dislocation and perhaps even changing politics. Technology's ___44___ will feel like a tornado (旋风), hitting the rich world first, but ___45___ sweeping through poorer countries too. No government is prepared for it.Section BWhy the Mona Lisa Stands Out[A] Have you ever fallen for a novel and been amazed not to find it on lists of great books? Or walked around a sculpture renowned as a classic, struggling to see what the fuss is about? If so, you‟ve prob ably pondered the question Cutting asked himself that day: how does a work of art come to be considered great?[B] The intuitive answer is that some works of art are just great: of intrinsically superior quality. The paintings that win prime spots in galleries, get taught in classes and reproduced in books are the ones that have proved their artistic value over time. If you can‟t see they‟re superior, that‟s your problem. It‟s an intimidatingly neat explanation. But some social scientists have been asking awkward questions of it, raising the possibility that artistic canons are little more than fossilised historical accidents.[C] Cutting, a professor at Cornell University, wondered if a psychological mechanism known as the “mere-exposure effect” played a role in deciding which paintings rise to the top of the cultural league. Cutting designed an experiment to test his hunch. Over a lecture course he regularly showed undergraduates works of impressionism for two seconds at a time. Some of the paintings were canonical, included in art-history books. Others were lesser known but of comparable quality. These were exposed four times as often. Afterwards, the students preferred them to the canonical works, while a control group of students liked the canonical ones best. Cutting‟s students had grown to like those paintings more simply because they had seen themmore.[D] Cutting believes his experiment offers a clue as to how canons are formed. He points out that the most reproduced works of impressionism today tend to have been bought by five or six wealthy and influential collectors in the late 19th century. The preferences of these men bestowed prestige on certain works, which made the works more likely to be hung in galleries and printed in anthologies. The fame passed down the years, gaining momentum from mere exposure as it did so. The more people were exposed to, the more they liked it, and the more they liked it, the more it appeared in books, on posters and in big exhibitions. Meanwhile, academics and critics created sophisticated justifications for its pre-eminence. After all, it‟s not just the masses who tend to rate what they see more often more highly. As contemporary artists like Warhol and Damien Hirst have grasped, critical acclaim is deeply entwined with publicity. “Scholars”, Cutting argues, “are no different from the public in the effects of mere exposure.” [E] The process described by Cutting evokes a principle that the sociologist Duncan Watts calls “cumulative advantage”: once a thing become s popular, it will tend to become more popular still.A few years ago, Watts, who is employed by Microsoft to study the dynamics of social networks, had a similar experience to Cutting in another Paris museum. After queuing to see the “MonaLisa” in its climate-controlled bulletproof box at the Louvre, he came away puzzled: why was it considered so superior to the three other Leonardos in the previous chamber, to which nobody seemed to be paying the slightest attention?[F] When Watts looked into the histo ry of “the greatest painting of all time”, he discovered that, for most of its life, the “Mona Lisa” remained in relative obscurity. In the 1850s, Leonardo da Vinci was considered no match for giants of Renaissance art like Titian and Raphael, whose works were worth almost ten times as much as the “Mona Lisa”. It was only in the 20th century that Leonardo‟s portrait of his patron‟s wife rocketed to the number-one spot. What propelled it there wasn‟t a scholarly re-evaluation, but a theft.[G] In 1911 a ma intenance worker at the Louvre walked out of the museum with the “Mona Lisa” hidden under his smock. Parisians were aghast at the theft of a painting to which, until then, they had paid little attention. When the museum reopened, people queued to see the gap where the “Mona Lisa” had once hung in a way they had never done for the painting itself. From then on, the “Mona Lisa” came to represent Western culture itself.[H] Although many have tried, it does seem improbable that the painting‟s unique status can be attributed entirely to the quality of its brushstrokes. It has been said that the subject‟s eyes follow the viewer around the room. But as the painting‟s biographer, Donald Sassoon, dryly notes, “In reality the effect can be obtained from any portrait.” Duncan Watts proposes that the “Mona Lisa” is merely an extreme example of a general rule. Paintings, poems and pop songs are buoyed or sunk by random events or preferences that turn into waves of influence, rippling down the generations.[I] “Saying that cultural objects have value,” Brian Eno once wrote, “is like saying that telephones have conversations.” Nearly all the cultural objects we consume arrive wrapped in inherited opinion; our preferences are always, to some extent, someone else‟s. Visitors to the “Mona Lisa” know they are about to visit the greatest work of art ever and come away appropriately impressed—or let down. An audience at a performance of “Hamlet” know it is regarded as a work of genius, so that is what they mostly see. Watts even calls the pre-eminence of Shakespeare a “historical accident”.[J] Although the rigid high-low distinction fell apart in the 1960s, we still use culture as a badge of identity. Today‟s fashion for eclecticism—“I love Bach, Abba and Jay Z”—is, Shamus Khan , a Columbia University psychologist, argues, a new way for the middle class to distinguish themselves from what they perceive to be the narrow tastes of those beneath them in the social hierarchy. [K] The intrinsic quality of a work of art is starting to seem like its least important attribute. But perhaps it‟s more significant than our social scientists allow. First of all, a work needs a certain quality to be eligible to be swept to the top of the pile. The “Mona Lisa” may not be a worthy world champion, but it was in the Louvre in the first place, and not by accident. Secondly, some stuff is simply better than other stuff. Read “Hamlet” after reading even the greatest of Shakespeare‟s contemporaries, and the difference may strike you as unarguable. [L] A study in the British Journal of Aesthetics suggests that the exposure effect doesn‟t work the same way on everything, and points to a different conclusion about how canons are formed. The social scientists are right to say that we should be a little skeptical of greatness, and that we should always look in the next room. Great art and mediocrity can get confused, even by experts. But that‟s why we need to see, and read, as much as we can. The more we‟re exposed to the goodand the bad, the better we are at telling the difference. The eclecticists have it.46. According to Duncan Watts, the superiority of the "Mona Lisa" to Leonardo's other works resulted from the cumulative advantage.47. Some social scientists have raised doubts about the intrinsic value of certain works of art.48. It is often random events or preferences that determine the fate of a piece of art.49. In his experiment, Cutting found that his subjects liked lesser known works better than canonical works because of more exposure.50. The author thinks the greatness of an art work still lies in its intrinsic value.51. It is true of critics as well as ordinary people that the popularity of artistic works is closely associated with publicity.52. We need to expose ourselves to more art and literature in order to tell the superior from the inferior.53. A study of the history of the greatest paintings suggests even a great work of art could experience years of neglect.54. Culture is still used as a mark to distinguish one social class from another.55. Opinions about and preferences for cultural objects are often inheritable.Section C Passage OneWhen the right person is holding the right job at the right moment, that person's influence is greatly expanded. That is the position in which Janet Yellen, who is expected to be confirmed as the next chair of the Federal Reserve Bank (Fed) in January, now finds herself. If you believe, as many do, that unemployment is the major economic and social concern of our day, then it is no stretch to think Yellen is the most powerful person in the world right now.Throughout the 2008 financial crisis and the recession and recovery that followed, central banks have taken on the role of stimulators of last resort, holding up the global economy with vast amounts of money in the form of asset buying. Yellen, previously a Fed vice chair, was one of the principal architects of the Fed's $3.8 trillion money dump. A star economist known for her groundbreaking work on labor markets, Yeilen was a kind of prophetess early on in the crisis for her warnings about the subprime（次级债）meltdown. Now it will be her job to get the Fed and the markets out of the biggest and most unconventional monetary program in history withoutderailing the fragile recovery.The good news is that Yellen, 67, is particularly well suited to meet these challenges. She has a keen understanding of financial markets, an appreciation for their imperfections and a strong belief that human suffering was more related to unemployment than anything else.Some experts worry that Yellen will be inclined to chase unemployment to the neglect of inflation. But with wages still relatively flat and the economy increasingly divided between the well-off and the long-term unemployed' more people worry about the opposite, deflation（通货紧缩）that would aggravate the economy's problems.Either way, the incoming Fed chief will have to walk a fine line in slowly ending the stimulus. It must be steady enough to deflate bubbles（去泡沫）and bring markets back down to earth but not so quick that it creates another credit crisis.Unlike many past Fed leaders, Yellen is not one to buy into the finance industry's argument that it should be left alone to regulate itself. She knows all along the Fed has been too slack on regulation of finance.Yellen is likely to address right after she pushes unemployment below 6%, stabilizes markets and makes sure that the recovery is more inclusive and robust. As Princeton Professor Alan Blinder says' "She's smart as a whip, deeply logical, willing to argue but also a good listener. She can persuade without creating hostility." AH those traits will be useful as the global economy's new power player takes on its most annoying problems.56. What do many people think is the biggest problem facing Janet Yellen?A) Lack of money. B) Subprime crisis. C) Unemployment. D) Social instability.57. What did Yellen help the Fed do to tackle the 2008 financial crisis?A) Take effective measures to curb inflation. B) Deflate the bubbles in the American economy.C) Formulate policies to help financial institutions.D) Pour money into the market through asset buying.58. What is a greater concern of the general public?A) Recession. B) Deflation. C) Inequality. D) Income.59. What is Yellen likely to do in her position as the Fed chief?A) Develop a new monetary program. B) Restore public confidence.C) Tighten financial regulation. D) Reform the credit system.60. How does Alan Blinder portray Yellen?A) She possesses strong persuasive power. B) She has confidence in what she is doing.C) She is one of the world's greatest economists. D) She is the most powerful Fed chief in history.Passage TwoAir pollution is deteriorating in many places around the world. The fact that public parks in cities become crowded as soon as the sun shines proves that people long to breathe in green, open spaces. They do not all know what they are seeking but they flock there, nevertheless. And, in these surroundings, they are generally both peaceful and peaceable. It is rare to see people fighting in a garden. Perhaps struggle unfolds first, not at an economic or social level, but over the appropriation of air, essential to life itself. If human beings can breathe and share air, they don't need to struggle with one another.Unfortunately, in our western tradition, neither materialist nor idealist theoreticians give enough consideration to this basic condition for life. As for politicians, despite proposing curbs onenvironmental pollution, they have not yet called for it to be made a crime. Wealthy countries are even allowed to pollute if they pay for it.But is our life worth anything other than money? The plant world shows us in silence what faithfulness to life consists of. It also helps us to a new beginning, urging us to care for our breath, not only at a vital but also at a spiritual level. The interdependence to which we must pay theclosest attention is that which exists between ourselves and the plant world. Often described as "the lungs of the planet", the woods that cover the earth offer us the gift of breathable air by releasing oxygen. But their capacity to renew the air polluted by industry has long reached its limit. If we lack the air necessary for a healthy life, it is because we have filled it with chemicals and undercut the ability of plants to regenerate it. As we know, rapid deforestation combined with the massive burning of fossil fuels is an explosive recipe for an irreversible disaster.The fight over the appropriation of resources will lead the entire planet to hell unless humans learn to share life, both with each other and with plants. This task is simultaneously ethical and political because it can be discharged only when each takes it upon herself or himself and only when it is accomplished together with others. The lesson taught by plants is that sharing life expands and enhances the sphere of the living, while dividing life into so-called natural or human resources diminishes it. We must come to view the air, the plants and ourselves as the contributors to the preservation of life and growth, rather than a web of quantifiable objects or productive potentialities at our disposal. Perhaps then we would finally begin to live, rather than being concerned with bare survival.61. What does the author assume might be the primary reason that people would struggle with each other?A) To get their share of clean air. B) To pursue a comfortable life.C) To gain a higher social status. D) To seek economic benefits.62. What does the author accuse western politicians of?A) Depriving common people of the right to clean air.B) Giving priority to theory rather than practical action.C) Offering preferential treatment to wealthy countries.D) Failing to pass laws to curb environmental pollution.63. What does the author try to draw our closest attention to?A) The massive burning of fossil fuels. B) Our relationship to the plant world.C) The capacity of plants to renew polluted air. D) Large-scale deforestation across the world. 64. How can human beings accomplish the goal of protecting the planet according to the author?A) By showing respect for plants. B) By preserving all forms of life.C) By tapping all natural resources. D) By pooling their efforts together.65. What does the author suggest we do in order not just to survive?A) Expand the sphere of living. B) Develop nature's potentials.C) Share life with nature. D) Allocate the resources.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)中国传统的待客之道要求饭菜丰富多样，让客人吃不完。

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中心句+两个原因+举例。

举例应用对比法。

Practicing, to sum up, is of greatest importance for those who are determin ed to learn knowledge well. Not only does it assist people to remember knowledg e better, but we are able to catch up with the speed of the evolotion of knowle dege. As a student, I hope that the young can focus more attention on practicin g what they learn than on remembering it blindly so that the knowledge will bec ome our real treasure and make our life more splendid.第三段，总结该引言的合理+两个理由+展望未来。

短对话1. C. Attend the concert.2. D. None of the passengers were injured or killed.3. A. An article about the election.4. A. The restaurant was not up to the speaker’s expectations.5. C. He has many things to deal with right now.6. D. More students have to appear to make their voice heard.7. B. The speakers like watching TV very much.8. D. The woman will be able to attend the classes she wants.长对话一9. C) Export bikes to foreign markets.10. B) The government has control over bicycle imports.11. A) Extra costs might eat up their profits abroad.12. C) Conduct a feasibility study.长对话二13. B) Anything that can be used to produce power.14. D) Oil production will begin to decline worldwide by 2025.15. B) Start developing alternative fuels.短文1 答案16. A) The ability to predict fashion trend.17. D) Purchasing handicrafts from all over the world.18. B) She is doing what she enjoys doing.短文2 答案19. B) Get involved in his community.20. A) Deterioration in the quality of life.21. D) They are too big for individual efforts.22. C) He had done a small deed of kindness.23. B) Pressure and disease.24. A) It experienced a series of misfortunes.25. C) They could do nothing to help him.26. are supposed to27. inserting28. drawing-out29. distinguished30. spark31. flame32. schooling33. controversies34. are concerned with35. dissatisfaction词汇理解答案36. N. swept 原意是“机械织布机取代了手工织布者”，swept aside表示“迅速除去”的意思37. B. displaced 与上一句是一个同意结构，displace的意思与sweep aside最为接近!38. I. prosperity 首先确定是一个名词，并且是一个正面色彩的，符合条件的有pro sperity39. H. productive 应该为一个形容词，同样也应该是正面色彩的，productive最为合适40. C. employed 工人肯定是“被农场所雇用啊”，所以选employed41. F. jobless 根据后面but所接信息可推出该空应该为负面色彩形容词，jobless 最合适42. M. shrunk 同样根据but以及more，可以推出该空为shrunk43. A. benefits 与dislocating effect相对应的应该是一个正面的复数名词，或通过but解题44. E. impact 首先确定为名词，能够hit rich world也只有impact了45. D. eventually 与前面的first相对应长篇阅读答案46.E) The process described by Cutting…47.B) The intuitive answer is that some works of art…48.H) Although many have tried…49.C) Cutting, a professor at Cornell University, …50.K) The intrinsic quality of a work of art is starting to…51.D) Cutting believes his experiment offers…52.L) A study in the British Journal of Aesthetics suggests…53.F) When Watts looked into the history of…54.J) Although the rigid high-low distinction…55.I) "Saying that cultural objects have value,"56. C.Unemployment关键词JY。

定位到第一段第二三句，意为她作为FRD下届主席热门候选人发现自己处于很重要的位置，而失业是如今的【主要】社会和经济话题。

57. D.Pour money into the market through asset buying.关键词08.定位到第二段，解题句为前两句，意为Yellen作为美联储副主席，在3万8千亿美元的救市中是主要设计者。