第三章 现象解释型
四级范文模板(现象解释型)
参考范文
On Students Selecting Their Lecturers
Nowadays, many universities entitle the students to choose freely the lectures for course, which has aroused common concern. What impresses us most is that this new policy is becoming more and more popular among students. There are many different factors deciding the students’ choosing lecturers for courses. First of all, a teacher’s professional knowledge and ability play a critical role in students making their final decision. What’s more, teaching methods and skills are also essential factors that students will take into account. For example, New Oriental School has attracted lots of students to a large extent because of the teachers’ unique teaching methods. In addition, a teacher’s humor sense is also what many students will consider. Therefore, the freedom of choosing lecturers to some extent is beneficial to students in their study. As far as I am concerned, as everything has its pros and cons, the freedom of choosing lectures can not only benefit students but also bring some problems. On the one hand, students can enrich their knowledge and broaden their vision under the direction of some competent lecturers. On the other hand, since it is a free choice, the excellent teachers will become the focus of most students’ choice, which will lead to an unreasonable class size and influence teaching effect seriously. In a word, students should be prudent in deciding which lecturer to choose according to their own need.
2023年成人高考-高起点英语-考前冲刺5议论文模板
议论文模板1、现象解释型第一段:描述现象，对现象进行简单说明。
第二段:分析产生上述现象的各种原因。
第三段:表明自己的观点或建议。
Nowadays,we have witnessed_____. And_____has always aroused the greatest concern. What impresses us most is____ . There are some reasons accounting for this phenomenon.Among the various reasons, ______plays an important role. That is to say , _______. What's more, _____ . For example, .As to me, .On the one hand.____.On the other hand，.In brief,_______ .2、问题解决型第一段:说明现阶段存在的问题。
第二段:分析问题产生的原因和可能导致的后果。
第三段:给出解决问题的方法或建议。
Nowadays one of the serious problems China is faced with is .According to a survey,_____ Therefore,it is clear that______ has been getting more and more serious.Take for example. To account for the phenomenon, peoplehave come up with various causes as listed below. On the one hand, .On the other hand, ________. There is no doubt that the issue has exerted harmful effects on .Therefore , some measures should be taken to put an end to this problem.To begin with_______. In addition,________ . Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem.3、观点论证型第一段:引出话题,发表个人观点。
大学英语四级作文五大类模板
一．现象解释型要求从试题的提示性文字、图表或图画入手，描述提示性文字、图表或图画中反映出的现象，对该现象进行解释说明，分析其原因并加以评论。
其基本结构是：首先描述现象并说明其现状，然后分析这种现象的原因或相关因素，最后提出建议或总结观点。
行文思路：首段（描述问题段）①According to the chart/graph/table/picture,it is clear that 图表/图画内容总概括.②The chart/graph/table/picture shows 具体描述图表/图画内容一，while 具体描述图表/图画内容二.③Many reasons/factors contribute to 该现象./该现象has a great effect on 影响的主要对象.中间段（说明原因/因素/影响段）④First of all/above all,原因一/因素一/影响一.⑤进一步阐述原因一/因素一/影响一.⑥What is more/Moreover,原因二/因素二/影响二.⑦In addition/Besides,原因三/因素三/影响三.⑧As a result,段落总结句.结尾段（总结观点段）⑨As to me/As far as I am concerned,我的观点.⑩For one thing/On the one hand,理由一/影响一.⑾For another/On the other hand,理由二/影响二.⑿To conclude,总结全文.例子：（图表略了）1）上图所示为1990年、1995年、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化。
2）说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）。
3）你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难和问题。
范文：Student Use of Computers①According to the chart,it is clear that the student use of computers has grown rapidly in recent years.②The chart shows ,from 1990 to 1995,the average hours that students spent on every week were only doubled, while in 2000, the number grew to 20 hours ,which is five times as many as that of 1995.③Many reasons contribute to this tremendous growth .(描述图表段)④First of all ,the low price of computer allows many students to have one in their dormitories .⑤So the students can often use their computers to do the assignments ,play games and chat with their friends .⑥Moreover ,many net bars provide students convenient access to computers.⑦In addition ,Internet provides students an amazing world to explore .⑧As a result, computers have an irresistible attraction to them .(说明原因段)⑨As far as I am concerned, there are still problems in student use of computers. ⑩For one thing ,students do not have enough skills to command computers, which limits their full use of computers.⑾For another ,students who are short of self-disciplines may forget their main task of study. ⑿)To conclude,effective measures should be taken for students to guarantee the reasonable use of computers . （总结观点段）rapidly 迅速地,急速地average 平均的doubled 两倍的tremendous 极大的，非常dormitory 宿舍assignment 工作，任务provide 提供，供给access 接近，通道convenient 便利的，方便的amazing 惊人的，惊奇的irresistible 无法抗拒的attraction 吸引，吸引力command 命令，指挥limit 限制self-discipline 自律guarantee 保证reasonable 有道理的，合理的二．问题解决型要求学生从试题的提示性文字、图表或图画入手，描述提示性文字、图表或图画反映出的问题，然后提出解决方案或应对措施。
现象解释型英语作文范文四级
现象解释型英语作文范文四级The Phenomenon of Online Shopping CrazeIn recent years, the craze for online shopping has swept across the globe, transforming the retail landscape. This trend is particularly evident among the younger generation, who seem to prefer the convenience and accessibility of online stores over traditional brick-and-mortar shops. What lies behind this phenomenon?Firstly, the advent of smartphones and the popular of the internet have made online shopping more accessible than ever before. People can now browse and buy products from anywhere, at any time. This flexibility and convenience are major attractions for the modern consumer, who leads afast-paced life.Secondly, online shopping offers a wide range of choices. Unlike physical stores, which are limited by space and inventory, online platforms can display millions of products from various brands and sellers. This diversity appeals to consumers who want to compare prices, features, and reviews before making a purchase.Moreover, online shopping often comes with attractive deals and discounts. Websites like Amazon and Alibaba regularly offer promotional offers and coupons, enticing customers to make purchases. This price advantage is a significant driving force behind the online shopping craze.However, it's not just about the deals. Online shopping also caters to modern consumers' need for social validation. Platforms like Instagram and TikTok are filled with influencers showcasing their latest online purchases. This social media influence creates a desire among young people to fit in and be part of the trend.Lastly, the COVID-19 pandemic has further accelerated the trend. Lockdowns and social distancing measures have restricted people's movements, making online shopping the only viable option for many. As a result, even those who were previously reluctant to shop online have now embraced this new normal.In conclusion, the craze for online shopping is a complex phenomenon rooted in technology, convenience, choice, deals, social validation, and the pandemic. As these factors continue to evolve, so will the landscape of online retail, shaping the way we shop in the future.。
大学英语四级作文3
注意的事项. 进一步描述问题或注意事项
. All in all / Therefore, 总结全文.
二、问题解决型
1、模板一（侧重方法）
(As many people know, /It is generally accepted
that / Nowadays/ in modern society) 总述该问题. 表
Considering the above-mentioned, we can reasonably come to the conclusion that 重申论点. But it is worth nothing that 坚持该观点时应该注意的问题. 可能带来的 影响. Therefore, 论点涉及的对象 should 正 确态度或做法.
The following ways can be adopted / Some effective measures have been taken to 解决该问题. / Many a factor plays an important role in 解决该问 题. There are a lot of things / factors we / you have to think about 处理该问题时. Firstly/Above all, 方法 一/因素一. Secondly/ Moreover, 方法二/因素二. Thirdly/ Besides/ In addition, 方法三/因素三. As for me/ As far as I am concerned, “我”的建议 或看法. “我”的理由一. Besides/In addition, “我”的 理由二. All in all / Therefore, 总结全文.
作文范文之现象解释型英语作文模板
现象解释型英语作文模板【篇一：现象解释类作文模板】现象解释类作文模板第一段阐述现象1. recently/in recent years/nowadays/at present, the phenomenon of … has caused public attention/has been brought into focus/aroused great concern.2. nowadays，…has become a problem we have to face.3. nowadays, an increasing/growing number of people are concerned about the problem…4. in this day and age, …receives decreasing attention in …第二段说明原因或分析现象1. the following reasons can account for …among them, …in addition, … besides….2. many reasons contribute to this phenomenon.to start with, …what’s more , …last but not the least, …3. the reasons why ….lie in several aspects.first and foremost,…what’s more, …, finally,…4. this phenomenon involves several complicated factors.in the fi rst place,…in the second/next place,...firstly…,secondly…for one thing…, for another…第三段总结评述：下结论 /求结果/表达个人看法1. taking all these factors into account/consideration, we may reasonably/naturally come to the conclusion that…2. in my mind, the government and the citizens should join hands to put an end to these …..3. as far as i am concerned, …will bring some side effects. therefore, i suggest that people should …4. in my opinion, effective measures should be taken to address(处理)this issue.5. in view of the problems mentioned above, it is suggested that …6. to solve the problem, i think that…/to change this situation,i suggest that …英语四级作文辅导问题解决类? 问题解决类的题目通常是以“how to”开头的较多，如2000年1月试题how ifinance my college education. 这一类的文章数量相当多，与观点类相仿。
大学英语四级考试重点笔记
6大学英语四级考试写作辅导笔记六类作文行文思路六类作文行文思路1. 现象解释型现象解释型2. 问题解决型问题解决型3. 对比选择型对比选择型4. 观点论证型观点论证型5. 记叙文记叙文6. 应用文应用文现象解释型写作模板---行文思路1 Topic首段（描述图表段）首段（描述图表段）⑴From/According to the chart/graph/table/picture, we clearly learn that 总述现象. ⑵Asearly as 图表中最早的时间，当时的数据. ⑶Then 一段时间一段时间later, 图表中数据的变化/ And (However), by 图表中数据发生显著变化的时间，图表中数据的显著变化.中间段（说明原因段）中间段（说明原因段）⑷ There are many reasons accounting for 现象或变化. / Then why 产生该现象或变化.⑸Firstly ，原因一. ⑹ 进一步说明原因一. ⑺Secondly ，原因二. ⑻ Finally, 原因三. (As a result, 以上原因导致的结果. )结尾段（阐述观点段/说明影响段/说明问题段）说明问题段）⑼As to me/ As far as I am concerned, "我"的态度相关情况或是现象将来的趋势、可能带来的（好或坏的）影响或存在的问题. ⑽For one thing, 理由一/影响一/问题一. ⑾Foranother/In addition/ Besides,理由二/影响二/问题二. ⑿ In brief/ To conclude, 总结全文（经常是提出建议或作出期望.现象解释型写作模板---行文思路2Topic首段（描述现象段）首段（描述现象段）⑴From/According to the chart/graph/table/picture, we clearly learn that 总述现象. ⑵现象表现或变化（表现一、二/变化一、二.） ⑶The reason for this phenomenon are varied./ There aremany different factors influencing 该现象或其他情况/说清楚原因.中间段（说明原因/影响段）影响段）⑷Among these reasons/factors, 原因一原因一 plays a critical role. /Undoubtedly, 该现象该现象have brought great (negative) effect on 影响对象. ⑹ 进一步说明原因一/影响一. ⑺ Secondly ，原因二/影响二. ⑻ In addition, 原因三/影响三.结尾段（阐述观点段/说明影响段/说明问题段）说明问题段）⑼No doubt/From my point of view, 对该现象做出总体评价对该现象做出总体评价. ⑽ However,可能存在的问题./ it is worth noting that 应该注意的事项. ⑾ 进一步描述问题或注意事项. ⑿All in all/Therefore, 总结全文.问题解决型写作模板---行文思路行文思路Topic首段（描述问题段）首段（描述问题段）⑴Nowadays/recently/In recent years, 问题问题is becoming more and more of a problem/has become quite a serious problem in /has aroused widespread attention/concern from.⑵问题表现一/原因一/危害性一⑶What's worse/In addition,问题表现二/原因二/危害性二危害性二中间段（说明危害/原因段）原因段）⑷ It is very clear that 该问题该问题 is bringing great harm to 危害对象危害对象/There are many factors resulting in 该问题该问题 / ⑸Above all, 危害一/Among these 原因一原因一plays a vital role.⑹ 进一步说明危害/原因一. ⑺ What's more ，危害二/原因二.结尾段（说明方法段）结尾段（说明方法段）⑻Considering the seriousness of 该问题, it is an urgent thing for us to take effectivemeasures to 解决该问题. ⑼First of all 方法一.⑽进一步阐述方法一/Secondly,方法二.⑾Thirdly/In addition,方法三. ⑿ Only through these ways, can the problem be solved./To conclude,it is everyone's responsibility to take effort to solve the problem.对比选择型写作模板---行文思路1Topic首段（提出观点段）首段（提出观点段）⑴When it comes to 谈论主题, there is no complete agreement among people/differentpeople will offer different ⑵Some people take it for granted/believe 一种观点/选择⑶However,others maintain /prefer 另一种观点另一种观点/选择. 中间段（对比论证段）中间段（对比论证段）⑷ Those people who hold the first opinion/make the former choice believe 观点/选择一的理由一. ⑸ (In addition,) in their eyes, they maintain/point out 观点/选择一的理由二. ⑹ However,still others think differently/ do not agree this. ⑺In their opinions, 观点/选择二的理由一. ⑻Besides, they argue 观点/选择二的理由二.结尾段（总结观点段）结尾段（总结观点段） ⑼Weighing up these two argument/choices/preferences, I prefer/am inclined to theformer/the latter one/"我"的选择.⑽ For one thing,理由一. ⑾ For another/What's more,理由二. ⑿Taking above-mentioned factors into consideration, we/ I may reasonably conclude/suggest 重申观点. / In a word, 提出建议.对比选择型写作模板---行文思路2Topic首段（提出观点段）首段（提出观点段）⑴Nowadays/In recent years, 一种现象. ⑵Some people 一些人的看法或做法,while others, 另一些人地看法或做法. ⑶ As to me, I prefer to/ am in favor of the former/latter.中间段（反面论证段）中间段（反面论证段）⑷ Of course, "我"不赞同观点的合理性. ⑸ For example, 支持其合理性的例./进一步阐述其合理性. ⑹ But it doesn't mean/it is worth noting that "我" 不赞同不赞同观点的不足. ⑺From my point of view/In my view, 我的不同观点.结尾段（正面论证段）结尾段（正面论证段）⑻The following reasons can account for/contribute to/support my argument. ⑼ First,理由一. ⑽ A good example to illustrate,支持理由一的例子/进一步说明理由一. ⑾ Second, 理由二.⑿ To conclude/From the foregoing,重申观点.观点论证型写作模板---行文思路行文思路Topic首段（提出观点段）首段（提出观点段）⑴Nowadays still many people believe/For years many people have such thought that 与论点冲突的背景观点或现象.⑵进一步说明背景观点或现象. ⑶However, 论点. ⑷The following reasons can support the argument.中间段（说明危害/原因段）原因段）⑸Undoubtedly, 论据一. ⑹进一步说明论据一. ⑺ Furthermore/Moreover,论据二. ⑻ For example ，支持论据二的事例/进一步说明论据二. ⑼ In addition/ What's more, 论据三.结尾段（总结观点段）结尾段（总结观点段）⑽ All mentioned above tell that 重申观点. ⑾ 进一步阐述论点. ⑿Therefore, we should正确态度或做法.记叙文写作模板---行文思路1Topic首段（描述背景段）首段（描述背景段）⑴背景事件⑴背景事件will come soon, 事件的重要性或意义.⑵There is no more appropriate time than this for 相关人员的态度或行动.⑶So on this special occasion, 我的愿望或打算.中间段（叙述经过段）中间段（叙述经过段）⑷ Now I still remember clearly 主题事件. ⑸Firstly ，原因一. ⑹ 进一步说明原因一.⑺Secondly ，原因二. ⑻ Finally, 原因三. (As a result, 以上原因导致的结果. )结尾段（阐述观点段）结尾段（阐述观点段） ⑼As to me/ As far as I am concerned, “我”的态度相关情况或是现象将来的趋势、可能带来的（好或坏的）影响或存在的问题. ⑽For one thing, 理由一/影响一/问题一. ⑾Foranother/In addition/ Besides,理由二/影响二/问题二. ⑿ In brief/ To conclude, 总结全文（经常是提出建议或作出期望.）记叙文写作模板---行文思路2Topic首段（描述背景段）首段（描述背景段）⑴简要介绍事件发生的时间, I witnessed 总述目击事件.⑵ 事件给人印之处, which isstill vivid in my mind./该事件was so 事件的突出特点that I was left a deep impression.中间段（叙述经过段）中间段（叙述经过段） ⑶It was/happened 事件开始时间，when 当时的情形. ⑷ ( Suddenly, ) 事件的发展一. ⑸ 事件的发展二. ⑹ 事件的发展三. ⑺As a result, 事件的最终结果或影响.结尾段（阐述观点段）结尾段（阐述观点段）⑻ 总述该事件带来的影响/事件产生的原因.⑼For one thing, 影响一/原因一/措施一. ⑽进一步说明影响一/原因一/措施一. ⑾For another, 影响二/原因二/措施二. ⑿Therefore, 总结全文（提出建议或作出期望).Or Such an incident teaches us an important moral, that is “我的感受或得到的启示. 感受一/行动一. Furthermore,感受二/行动二. In conclusion,I do believe that 总结全文。
英语六级作文现象解释型
中间段
4. There are many reasons explaining/ to explain … The reasons of … lie in several aspects. Many remarkable factors contribute to… … can be attributed to the following reasons. Just as what has happened to anything in the world, many factors lead to__. A number of factors could account for the phenomenon, but the following are the most critical ones.
• 9. As to me, I believe that the stress index may go up further. 10. As we know, social competition will be more intense in the future. 11. Besides, people will have to spend much more time on work and study. 12. In a word, people should learn how to cope with these pressures properly and to make effective self- adjustment.
大学英语12句作文法
I. 现象解释型12句作文模板
• 对这种现象做出说明，同时表明该种现 象反映的社会问题；
• 解释这种不良现象存在或发生的原因
现象解释型英语作文概念
现象解释型英语作文概念英文回答：Phenomenon Explanation.As human beings, we are constantly observing and trying to make sense of the world around us. There are many phenomena that occur in our daily lives that may seem mysterious or unexplainable at first. In this essay, I will discuss and provide explanations for some common phenomena.One phenomenon that many people have experienced is the "phantom vibration" sensation. This is when you feel your phone vibrating in your pocket or purse, but when you check, there is no incoming call or message. This phenomenon canbe explained by a psychological concept called "sensory substitution." Our brain is constantly processinginformation from our senses, and sometimes it can misinterpret signals. In the case of phantom vibrations,our brain may mistake the sensation of movement from ourclothing or muscles for a phone vibration.Another phenomenon that often puzzles people is the "Mandela Effect." This refers to the collective misremembering of a fact or event. For example, many people remember Nelson Mandela dying in prison in the 1980s, when in reality, he was released and went on to become the President of South Africa. The Mandela Effect can be attributed to the fallibility of human memory. Our memories are not perfect and can be influenced by external factors, such as social reinforcement or misinformation. Therefore, when a large group of people misremember the same thing, it creates the illusion of a shared false memory.One more phenomenon that I would like to discuss is the "placebo effect." This is when a person experiences a perceived improvement in their symptoms or condition after receiving a treatment that has no therapeutic value. The placebo effect is a result of the mind-body connection. Our beliefs and expectations can have a powerful influence on our physical well-being. For example, if a person believes that a sugar pill is a powerful painkiller, their brain mayrelease endorphins, natural pain-relieving chemicals, which can lead to a reduction in pain.In conclusion, there are many phenomena that occur in our daily lives that may seem unexplainable at first. However, upon closer examination, these phenomena can be explained by psychological and physiological processes. The "phantom vibration" sensation can be attributed to sensory substitution, the "Mandela Effect" can be explained by the fallibility of human memory, and the "placebo effect" is a result of the mind-body connection. By understanding these explanations, we can gain a deeper insight into the workings of the human mind and body.中文回答：现象解释。
考研英语阅读篇章5种结构模式
考研英语阅读篇章5种结构模式考研英语阅读篇章5种结构模式对于一篇完整的英文说明文或者议论文来说，不论其形式看上去有多么复杂多样，但是每个作者都有自己的写作目的。
为了达到写作目的，一般考研阅读的文章都是采取特定的篇章结构模式，仔细分析历年考研阅读理解的篇章结构特点，发现命题人在编排文章时通常采用五种结构模式哦。
今天就来带大家了解一考研英语阅读篇章5种结构模式下！一、层层递进型全文论述从抽象到具体，从简单到复杂，文章开始是对有关主题的一般介绍，然后一步一步将主题具体化。
这类文章的各段开始常出现表示递进关系的副词，如inadditionto，furthermore，moreover 等，文章的主题一般可以通过综合各段首句得出。
二、一枝独秀型全文围绕一个核心概念展开，文章围绕着这个概念、中心思想或者现象，从各个方面进行分析和解释说明，最后对文章进行总结，并再一次对该概念、中心思想进行阐述。
三、花开两朵型文章开始提出两个核心概念，随后分段论述。
把握这种文章的关键是注意这两个核心概念的定义，以及它们的区别和联系。
这种结构分为两类，一种是两个概念是并列的，另一种是两个概念形成对比，对于后一种文章要注意两个概念之间的区别，以及作者对各自的态度。
四、现象--解释型在现象--解释型的文章中，作者在文章开始给出一个现象，相当于提出一个问题，然后对现象进行解释或分析现象或问题产生的原因，存在的因数以及可能解决方案，作者可能提到几个不同的`解决方案，但是之后作者自己认可的那种解决方案才是文章的重点和主题;在文章最后对现象或问题进行总结说明并进一步强调作者支持的那种解决办法。
五、问题--解决方案型在这类文章中，作者首先提出一个问题，然后针对这一问题给出解决方案。
如果有多个解决方案，作者认可的才是主题。
除了文章结构外，对于报刊杂志体文章时文的一般特点也应有所了解，因为这种文章在考研阅读中占有极大比重。
报刊杂志体文章的主要特点有：1.引人入胜。
考研作文万能模板11套范文
考研作文万能模板11套范文一、现象解释型。
随着社会的不断发展，人们的生活水平不断提高，但同时也带来了一些问题。
其中，……成为了一个突出的问题。
这种现象的出现主要是由于……。
其次，……也是导致这一现象的重要原因。
另外，……也是造成这一现象的一个重要原因。
二、问题解决型。
针对……这一现象，我们应该采取一系列有效的措施来解决。
首先，政府部门应该加强相关法律法规的制定和实施，严格惩处违法行为。
其次，学校和家庭应该加强对学生的教育，提高他们的法制观念和法律意识。
此外，媒体和公众也应该共同努力，营造一个良好的社会风气，共同维护社会的和谐稳定。
三、利弊分析型。
就……这一问题而言，既有利也有弊。
首先，……的出现为人们的生活带来了诸多便利。
其次，……也给人们的生活带来了一些不便。
因此，我们应该既要利用好……，又要避免……的不利影响。
四、原因分析型。
……的出现是有其深层次的原因的。
首先，……是造成这一现象的主要原因。
其次，……也是导致这一现象的重要原因。
另外，……也是造成这一现象的一个重要原因。
五、观点论证型。
对于……这一问题，人们的观点不尽相同。
一些人认为……。
而另一些人则持相反的观点，他们认为……。
就我个人而言，我认为……。
因此，我们应该……。
六、对比选择型。
在……和……之间，人们往往难以抉择。
一方面，……有其独特的优点。
另一方面，……也有其不可忽视的优点。
因此，我们应该在……和……之间取得一个平衡，既要……，又要……。
七、批驳论证型。
针对一些人对……的错误观点，我们应该进行批驳。
首先，他们的观点忽略了……。
其次，他们的观点没有考虑到……。
另外，他们的观点也存在一些逻辑上的漏洞。
因此，我们应该对这些错误观点进行批驳，让更多的人认清事实的真相。
八、图表作文型。
根据图表所反映的数据，我们可以看到……。
其中，……的数据最为突出。
另外，……的数据也是相当引人注目的。
因此，我们应该从这些数据中汲取教训，采取相应的措施，加以改进。
四级作文模板及例文
一、现象解释型现象解释型叙事类作文专用模板It so happened that _____. Just at the moment, _____. It is impressed me most because _____.What happened was _____. At first, _____. Almost at the same time,_____. What’s more, _____. As a result, _____.As I understand, _____. On the other hand, _____. On the other hand,_____. Therefore, _____.例文：2003.6An Eye- Witness Account of a Traffic Accident It so happened that on the morning of last Sunday I was on the way to school. Just at the moment, a car was driving out of a street corner. It impressed me most because the driver drove so fast.What happened next was a tragedy. At first, I saw a woman riding a bike with her eyes looking up at the sky. Almost at the same time, she was knocked off her bike by the speedy car. What’s more, the car got out of control and ran into a tree on the roadside. As a result, both the woman and the driver were injured severely.As I understand, both the driver and the passer-by are responsible for the accident. On the other hand, the woman was so careless. Therefore, had both of them been careful enough, the tragedy could have been avoided.现象解释型模板(一)Recently, _____. What amazes us most is _____. It is true that _____.There are many reasons explaining _____. The main reason is _____. What is more, _____. Thirdly, _____. As a result, _____.Considering all these, _____. For one thing, _____. For another, _____. In conclusion, _____.例文：2002.6Student Use of ComputerRecently, there has been a tremendous growth in the student use of computers since 1990. What amazes us most is that in many schools the average hours a student spends using computers have grown up to 20 hours per week in 2000. it is true that college students are spending much more time on computers today.There are many reasons explai ning this growth. The main reason is that computers can be widely used in study. What is more, PC prices decrease greatly. Thirdly, charges for using the Internet have dropped. As a result, more college students can afford to use computers every day.Considering all these, I believe that many students don’t make full use of computers. For one thing, the computer is often used as a typewriter on campus. For another, some students use computers mainly to play games.In conclusion, we should try to help students make better use of computers.现象解释型模板(二)As is known to all, _____. _____ seem to get accustomed to _____. In fact, _____.The reason of _____ lie in several aspects. Firstly, _____. Secondly,_____. Thirdly, _____. Finally, _____.As a matter of fact, _____. On the one hand, _____. On the other hand, _____. Therefore, _____.Student Use of ComputerAs is known to all, the average hours a student spends using computers has grown up tremendously, in some schools even to approximately 20 hours per week in 2000. People seem to get accustomed to students’using computers. In fact, there has been a remarkable growth in student use of computers since 1990.The reason of this growth lie in several aspects. Firstly, computers are widely used by students in word processing. Secondly, the price of computer is going down rapidly. Thirdly, the charge for using the Internet is dropping as well. Finally, today’s society relies heavily on computers.As a matter of fact, many students don’t use computers properly. On the one hand, the computer is often used only as a typewriter. On the other hand, a large number of students use computers mainly to play games.Therefore, there is still a lot to do to help students make better use of computers.现象解释型模板(三)Nowadays _____. For one thing, _____. For another, _____. It is obvious that_____.Many remarkable factors contribute to _____. First of all, _____. In addition, _____. Thirdly, _____.As to me, _____. As we know, _____. Besides, _____. In a word, _____.Student Use of ComputerNowadays, 20 hours spent on computers per week is quite common for college students. For one thing, PCs are commonplace on campus. For another, Internet cafes are crowded with college students. It is obvious that college students spend more and more time on computers.Many remarkable factors contribute to such a phenomenon. First of all, computers for word processing. In addition, the computer pcrice has dropped rapidly since 1990 so that more students can afford it. Thirdly, the charge for using the Internet is dropping as well.As to me, the computer has not been made full use of by our students. As we know the computer is often used as a typewriter on campus. Besides, college students are fond of playing computer game. In a word, there is still a lot to do to help students make better use of computers.二、对比选择型对比选择型模板（一）There is a heated debate over _____. It is commonly accepted that _____. In contrast, others _____.Those who hold the first opinion suggest _____. In their view, _____. However, others think _____. They argue that _____.Considering one after another, I stand on the side of _____. First of all,_____. Furthermore, _____. Thirdly, _____. Therefore, _____.例文：Reading Selectively or ExtensivelyThere is a heated debate over reading. It is commonly accepted that students should read extensively. In contrast, others think that students should read selectively.Those who hold the first opinion suggest that students should absorb all kinds of knowledge. In their view, students cannot get a general view about the whole world without extensive reading. However, others think that selective reading is the best way to achieve high efficiency. They argue that students should not overspend time on nonprofessional books because their time is quite limited.Considering one after another, I stand on the side of the latter opinion. First of all, reading selectively is not equal to reading with discrimination. Furthermore, students must spend their limited time on reading relevant and beneficial books. Thirdly, reading irrelevant books only wastes o ur time. Therefore, reading selectively is the best policy in study.对比选择型模板（二）Recently, we may hear quite different opinions_____. Most people take it for granted that _____. However, others hold _____.A dominant idea is that _____. In this opinion, _____. Nevertheless, the objectors think _____. They argue that _____.As to me, I prefer _____. On the one hand, _____. On the other hand,_____. Therefore, _____. In conclusion, _____.Reading Selectively or ExtensivelyRecently, we may hear quite different opinions on reading. Most people take it for granted that students should read selectively. However, others hold that extensive reading may bring more benefits.A dominant idea is that selective reading is the best way to attain high efficiency. In this opinion, students cannot overspend their time onnon-professional books. Nevertheless, the objectors think that students shouldabsorb all kinds of knowledge. They argue that students cannot get a general view without extensive reading.As to me, I prefer the former opinion. On the other hand, reading selectively is not equal to reading with discrimination. On the other hand, students can only devote their limited time to reading relevant books. Therefore, reading selectively is a practical method in study. In conclusion, reading selectively is the best policy for us.对比选择型模板（三）Different people will offer quite different ideas _____. Many people assert _____. However, others believe _____.Some may proclaim _____. They maintain such an idea because _____. In contrast, the objectors think _____. They argue that_____.As far as I am concerned, I agree to _____. First, _____. Second, _____. Last but not least, _____. In a word, _____.Reading Selectively or ExtensivelyDifferent people will offer quite different ideas about reading. Many people assert that students should read selectively. However, others believe that students should read extensively.Some may proclaim that selective reading is the best way to attain high efficiency. They maintain such an idea because student s’previous time for reading is quite limited. In contrast, the objectors think that students cannot get a general view about the world without extensive reading. They argue that students should absorb all kinds of knowledge.As far as I am concerned, I agree to the former opinion. First, reading selectively is not equal to reading with discrimination. Second, students would have less time reading relevant books. Last but not least, reading selectively is the best policy in study.三、问题解决型问题解决型模板（一）With the _____ of ____, _____. So it is of great importance for us to_____. On the one hand, _____. On the other hand, _____.However, we have figured out many ways to _____. Firstly, _____. So long as _____. Secondly, _____. Thirdly, _____.In fact, _____. That is because _____. In a word, _____.How to Succeed in a Job Interview?With the development of the H.R market, the interview is becoming more and more important in job-seeking. So it is of great importance for us to maser skills on interview. On the one hand, the interviewer can know about the candidates in the interview. On the other hand, the interviewee can get necessary information directly from the interviewer.However, we have figured out many ways to make an excelle nt performance in an interview. Firstly, the interviewee has to pay attention to his appearance. So long as we realize that the first impression is important, wemust pay attention to it. Secondly, a good manner is equally important. Thirdly, an interviewee must demonstrate his skills for the job.In fact, the skills for the job play a decisive role. That is because skills enable to cope with our work. In a word, a qualified candidate must give a fair performance.问题解决型模板（二）There has been a discussion recently about _____. It is true to the present situation that _____. But _____.As is known to all, there are may ways _____. First of all _____. Furthermore, _____. Last but not least, _____.So it is high time for us to_____. That is because _____. Secondly,_____. Thirdly, _____. All in all, _____.How to Succeed in a Job Interview?There has been a discussion recently about the interview. It is true to the present situation that the interview becomes indispensable in seeking a job. But not everyone has realized its importance.As is known to all, there are many ways to succeed in a job interview. First of all, the interviewee must demonstrate his aptitudes and skills for the job. Furthermore, the interviewee ought to be honest about his academic background. Last but not least, the interview should behave himself as properly as possible.问题解决型模板（三）Nowadays, there is a growing concern on _____. It is certain that _____. However, _____.It will cause many serious results if _____. Firstly, _____. Secondly, _____. Finally, _____.In spite of all these, there are still many ways _____. First of all, _____. In addition, _____. Thirdly, _____. Only in this way, _____.How to Succeed in a Job Interview?Nowadays, there is a growing concern on the interview at job market. It is certain that the interview is indispensable for getting a job. However, some people have not realized the importance of the interview.It will cause many serious results if a candidate ignore the importance of the interview. Firstly, the interviewer know about the candidates in an interview. Secondly, the interviewee can get necessary information directly. Finally, excellent performance in an interview will enable the interviewee to secure a job.In spite of all these, there are many ways for an interviewee to adopt. First of all, the interviewee must demonstrate his aptitudes and skills for the job. In addition, the interviewee ought to be honest about his personal details. Thirdly, the interviewee should act as properly as possible. Only in this way can be succeed in an interview.四、观点论证型观点论证型模板（一）It is well known that _____. The truth of it is self-evident. No one can deny _____. Therefore, _____.Many examples can be found to prove _____. T ake _____ as a typical example _____. People _____. Furthermore, _____.It goes without saying that _____. Then, _____. There is no doubt that_____. In conclusion, _____.Practice Makes PerfectIt is well known that practice makes perfect. The truth of it is self-evident. No one can deny that the more you practice the more skillful you will be. Therefore, we should be down-to-the-earth and practice a lot before we can actually acquire some skills.Many examples can be found to prove it. T ake the English study as a typical example. People can learn the words and grammatical rules well only if they follow the saying “practice makes perfect”. Furthermore, more practice will make us use a computer more skillfully.It goes without saying that merely theoretical knowledge does not mean a success. Then, we must practice more when we study English. There is no doubt that more practice will finally lead to our success. In conclusion, practice makes perfect.观点论证型模板（二）It is believed that _____. The truth is deep and profound. As we know,_____. Consequently, _____.A case in point is _____. This is close to suggest _____. It is true that_____. In addition, _____.All mentioned above tells us _____. As a matter of fact, _____. There is no denying that _____. In short, _____.Practice Makes PerfectIt is believed that practice makes perfect. The truth is deep and profound. As we know, the more you practice, the more skillful you will be. Consequently, we should be down-to-earth and practice a lot before we can actually acquire some practical skills.A case in point is our English study. This is close to suggest that people can learn the words and grammatical rules well only if they follow the saying “practice makes perfect”. It is true that there are more examples proving it. In addition, more practice will also help us use a computer more skillfully.All mentioned above tells us theoretical knowledge does not mean good English. As a matter of fact, we must practice more when we study English. There is no denying that more practice will finally lead to a good result. In short, practice makes perfect.五、应用文竞选演说词模版A Campaign SpeechDear_______,It is a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech. T o begin with, let me introduce myself, my name is ______. As some of you may know, I am ________.As for the position of _______, there are some thi ngs making me feel qualified to take the job. Firstly, I ________. Secondly, I _________. Thirdly, I am good at _________.Looking into the future, I will try my best to serve my ______if I am lucky enough to be the _______. On the other hand, I, with my co-workers, will ______.On the other hand, I will ________. In addition, I will______.I wish all of you the best and thank you all for listening. Thank you.A Campaign SpeechDear fellow students,It is a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech. To begin with, let me introduce myself, my name is Huck, a junior from the English Department. As some of you may know, I am the monitor of Class 4, Grade Two.As for the position of president of the students’union, there are some things making me feel qualified to take the job. Firstly, I have gained a lot of experience and received wide praise from my classmates for my job as monitor. Secondly, I am a warm—hearted boy and always ready to help others, quick to react to the needs of my fellow students. Thirdly, I am good at organizing activities and have held a number of English corners and discussions.Looking into the future, I will try my best to serve my fellow students if I am lucky enough to be the president of the students’ union. On the other hand, I, with my co-workers, will invite more famous professors to give lectures for our students and we can learn a lot of knowledge. On the other hand, I will organize more activities for our students and enhance understanding of and cooperation with of each other. In addition, I will open more channels for our students to voice their opinions and their needs.I wish all of you the best and thank you all for listening. Thank you.日程安排解说词模版A Brief Introduction to a Tourist AttractionLadies and Gentlemen\ Dear____,Welcome to ____. To begin with, ________. It’s my pleasure to ________.Now to share the schedule with you, _____. Please keep in mind that ______. According to the schedule, _______. In addition, __________.As a matter of fact, ______. During your visit,_____. There is no doubt that _____. I hope that _______. Thank you very much for _____.A Brief Introduction to a Tourist AttractionLadies and Gentlemen,Welcome to China and thank you for trusting our travel agency. To begin with, m y name is Lily. It’s my pleasure to be your guide.Now to share the schedule with you, the place we are going to visit is the Great Wall in Bada Mountain. Please keep in mind that we ’ll set out at 9:00. According to the schedule, we will arrive there at 10:00. In addition, we will stay there for three hours and come back at about 2:00 in the afternoon.As a matter of fact, the Great Wall we will visit is the most complete and best-preserved section. During your visit, you will see some wonderful Chinese acrobatics and dragon-lion performances and to climb to the wall and take photos. I hope that you will enjoy your day. Thank you very much for your kind attention.建议信模版A Letter in Reply to a FriendDear _____,I am delighted to learn that _____. It ______. In my opinion,_____. Onthe one hand, __ _____. On the other hand,_______.As to _____, I suggest _______. If _____. It is unnecessary for you to _____. In addition,_____. I am sure_____.Please inform me _____. I am looking forward to ____.Sincerely yours,Li MingA Letter in Reply to a FriendDecember 27th, 2003 Dear Tom,I am delighted to learn that you are going to apply for admission to our university. It has been several years since we departed last time, and soon we will probably meet again. In my opinion, you should major in English. On the one hand, English is a very popular major at our university and we have modern teaching methods and prestigious professors. On the other hand, you seem to have a gift for language and you really good at English.As to the requirements for applying for the English major for our university, I suggest you pay more attention to spoken English. If you make a good performance in oral test, you will have the priority. It is unnecessary for you to be nervous. In addition, when making preparation you should do more model test. I am sure you will succeed in the exam.Please inform me if there is something I can do for you. I am looking forward to meeting you on our campus.Sincerely yours,Li Ming批评、抱怨信模版September 20th 2005Dear_____,My name is _____. I am _______. I venture to write you a letter about ______.The focus of the complaint is_____. For one thing, ______. For the another,_____. Honestly speaking, _____. But ____. Besides,______.All in all, there is still much room for improvement_______. I do hope ___. Thank you for your time and kind consideration______.A Letter to the University President about the canteen Service onCampusSeptember 20th 2005Dear Mr. President,My name is Li Ming. I am a junior from the Civil Engineering School. I venture to write you a letter about the canteen service on campus.The focus of the complaint is the poor quality and high price of the food. For one thing, the rice is so hard, the steam bread too cold, and the vegetable overcooked. For another, the price of the food is so high that many of us go out to dine. Honestly speaking, the canteen service is a little better than before. But the cooking staff needs to do the cooking more carefully. Besides, the cost needs to be reduced to lower the price.All in all, there are still much room for improvement. I do hope the service will be much improved very soon. Thank you for your time and kind consideration.Sincerely yours,Li Ming。
2024年沪科版八年级上册物理同步课件第3章第三节光的折射
2. 光的折射规律：光折射时，折射光线、入射光线与法线 在同一平面内；折射光线和入射光线分别位于法线的两 侧，折射角随入射角的增大而增大，随入射角的减小而 减小。
3. 光路可逆：在折射现象中，让光逆着折射光的方向从透 明物质斜射入空气时，会发现斜射入空气的光将逆着原 入射光的方向传播，这表明，折射时光路是可逆的。
什么时候能在塑料板F上看到折射光。
感悟新知
知2－讲
③探究折射角和入射角大小关系的方法：在②的基础
上，当塑料板上同时出现入射光和折射光时，读出入射角
和折射角的度数；多次改
变入射光照射的角 度，并读出入射角
表一 光从空气斜射入水中 实验次数 入射角α 折射角β
1
和折射角的度数，
2
并记录在表一中。
3
感悟新知
感悟新知
2. 光的折射模型图 (1)构建光的折射模型图(如图1)
知1－讲
感悟新知
(2)基本概念
知1－讲
① 分界面：两种物质的交界处。
②入射光线：投射到分界面的光线。
③入射点：入射光线与分界面的交点。
④折射光线：远离分界面的光线。
⑤法线：过入射点与分界面垂直的直线(用虚线表示)。
⑥入射角：入射光线与法线的夹角。
知1－讲
类比反射模型概念，掌握折射模型概念：
(1)相同的概念：①入射光线；②入射点；③法线；④入射角。
(2)不同的概念：
折射 分界面 折射光线 折射角
反射 反射面 反射光线 反射角
感悟新知
知1－讲
深入思考 辨别光的折射和反射、直线传播的现象的关键点。
思考总结
光现象 光的直线传播
光的反射 光的折射
关键点 光路不变，同种均匀物质 光路改变，同种均匀物质 光路改变，两种物质(或同种不均匀物质)
现象解释型(原因类模板)
现象解释型作文Ⅰ. 出题形式：现象——评价Ⅱ. 篇章结构第一段引言：描写现象，引出评价第二段正文：说明现象产生的原因第三段结论：提出建议或总结观点Ⅲ. 历年现象解释型四级作文真题1991年6月CET作文题目1.state the changes in people's diet (饮食) in the past five years;2. give possible reasons for the changes.3. draw your own conclusions.Food Year 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990Grain 49% 47% 46.5% 45% 45%Milk 10% 11% 11% 12% 13%Meat 17% 20% 22.5% 23% 21%Fruit and vegetables 24% 22% 20% 20% 21%Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Changes in People's Diet2002年6月CET作文题目1.上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间:1990年（2 hours）、1995年(4 hours)、2002年(14 h ours)，请描述其变化；2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。
Student Use of Computers2003年1月CET作文题目1.当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象2.诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实It Pays to Be HonestⅣ真题范文It Pays to Be HonestIt is true that most of us value honesty highly. However,nowadays we often confront confidence crisis such as cheating, overcharging, fake commodities, etc. I think that we should be honest because beinghonest is not only beneficial to others but also to oneself. The reasons can be listed as follows.Firstly, only honest people can be truly respected by the others and can make more friends over a long period of time. Secondly, honesty, which is the traditional virtue of the Chinese people, can make our life easier and more harmonious. For example, consumers will not be afraid of being overcharged if dealers are honest, and on the contrary dealers can win more customers. Thirdly,honesty can make our society more stable and peaceful. A case in point is that Singapore which is a society of trustworthiness and integrity has a comparatively low criminal rate.It goes without saying that being honesty is of benefit to both the society and the individual.There is no doubt that we should foster the spirit of honesty.In conclusion, laying stress on honesty willbecome the public morals in our society.范文二It Pays to be HonestAs is known to all,dishonesty has swarmed into our lives. To name only a few, pirate DVDs have dominated the movie market; deceptive news and lies flood the mass media; cheating in exams is common. Worst of all, we no longer have intimate friends and always feel insecure.范文三Nowadays, we often hear people’s complaints about dishonesty. In fact, there are dishonest practices in all walks of life. Take food safety as an example, the past five years has witnessed an average number of 4,320 factories producing contaminated food every year, which seriously harmed people’s lives and health.V. 写作模板1．现象解释型模板一2003年9月真题Reading regularly has long become a common part ofpeople’s life. And reading preference has always aroused the greatest concern. What impresses us most is according to the table, the percentage of book circulation in an American university library, which shows that the circulation of popular fictions, general nonfictions, science/technology/education books and art/ literature/poetry books accounts for 65.9%, 18.2%,10.8%and 5.1% respectively. The reasons for the phenomenon are varied.Among the various reasons, the appealing content of the popular fictions plays an important part. That is to say, thanks to its appealing plot, popular fictions attract more people than other types of books do. What is more, science and art books which require readers’knowledge on relevant fields are highly demanding. For example, it’s hard for students majoring in chemistry to understand Browning’s poems, and vice versa.When talking about my reading preference, I think I prefer to science books. On the one hand, in order to deepen what I’m specializing in, I need read more books relevant to my major. On the other hand, these books can also broaden our horizons.In brief, college students should choose books according to their interests and needs.2．现象解释型模板二We have witnessed that college students vary in reading preference. According to the table of the percentage of book circulation in an American university library, the circulation of popular fictions and general nonfictions accounts for 65.9% and 18.2% respectively. And the table shows that the circulation of science/technology/education books and art/ literature/poetry books is 10.8%and 5.1% respectively. Many reasons contribute to this phenomenon.To begin with, popular fictions usually possess more appealing plot than other types of books do, so many readers are attracted by popular fictions. Moreover, popular fictions and general nonfictions are easier to be understood. In addition, science and art books demand certain knowledge in special field of study. As a result, more students tend to choose popular fictions and general nonfictions.As to me, I’m in favor of books of science and technology. First of all, in order to deepen what I’m learning, I need read more books relevant to my major and observe the new development in science and technology circles. Besides, there books can also broaden my vision. To conclude, college students should choose books according to their interests and needs.3．现象解释型模板三Ⅵ. 热点预测题目1.On the Declining Registration Rates forPost-Graduate Exam①.介绍今年我国考研人数减少的情况②.分析其原因③.给你带来的启示2.Dangerous Sports Activities①.现在越来越多的人参与到危险的体育运动中去②.解释这一现象的原因3.Why Are There so Many Rural Laborersin Big Cities?①.近年来越来越多的民工涌入大城市②.产生这一社会现象的原因4．On Foreigners’ Learning Chinese①. 目前，国外“汉语热”持续升温②．出现这种现象的主要原因③．“汉语热”给我们的启示5. Online Education①目前网络教育形成热潮②我认为这股热潮的原因是……③我对网络教育的评价Ⅶ经典句型1）Nothing is +形容词比较级than to + V Nothing is more important than to receive education.2) It is universally acknowledged that +…（全世界都知道）It is universally acknowledged that water is indispensable to fish.3) On no account/By no means/Under no circumstances can we + V(我们绝对不能…)On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.4) It is time + S +过去式（该是…的时候了）It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems. 5) There is no one but…(没有人不…)There is no one but likes to be praised.6) There is no denying/doubt that…7)…leave much to be desired (令人不满意) The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.8) So + 形容词+ be + 主语+ that (如此…以至于)So valuable is his advice that we have to think about the question cautiously.9) It +被动语态+that…10) It is +形容词+that…11) It is +形容词+for sb. (sth.) to do sth.12) with/as “随着”句型With the growing number of college graduates being turned out each year, the situation in the job market is getting tighterand tighter.As the reform process of state enterprises speeds up, more and more workers are likely to be laid off.。
GRE阅读文章结构重点分析
GRE阅读文章结构重点分析下面是为大家整理的关于GRE阅读的资料和内容，主要是讨论了GRE阅读考试中的文章结构重点和大家如何根据这些重点进行答题的相关内容，非常详细，大家可以在备考自己的GRE考试的过程中根据自己的实际情况进行适当的参考。
阅读整体原则：①先读文章后做题,阅读速度一定要快,勇敢的省略,记住：看题时间要比看文时间长②两遍法,第一遍通读,重点看文章的结构、focus、态度,第二遍在解题时定位阅读③解任何题目时都要回到原文中定位,严格把握文字对应法,每个正确答案都必须找到依据,绝对不可凭记忆或知识背景做题④不要精读,不必了解文章的意思,速度一定要快,一定要作笔记,时间不够看首段和各段首句总之阅读的关键就是：“速度+定位+改写”阅读文章重点：①重在结构,关注focus,关注对focus的态度、评价,缺陷及需要改进的地方②重点读首段和各段首句,注意起承转合,看不懂的继续往下看,只关心是顺接还是转折关系③作笔记：尤其是新观点、TS、判断句、虚拟语气、强对比、强转折、最高级、唯一性、比较级、列举,大写名词、时间,地点,人名等,不要精读,记住位置即可需作笔记的部分：(作笔记是为了定位方便)TS直接标在文章旁边关键词直接在文中标出人名、地名、斜体字记行号、首字母及评价L10, D, +第10行出现D,正评价强对比L10 ><标记行号强转折标记位置unless,缺陷标记位置比较级、最高级,唯一性=, >, <标记行号,用于文字对应大列举标记位置,可能考except或罗马数字题泛指化题型is driven to标记位置④速度一定要快,能不读则不读,能少读则少读,长文章一定要只看框架,大胆的略读粗读,做笔记,读题,精确定位,解题需要特别注意的内容：a:强对比、强转折、双重否定b:比较级、最高级、唯一性、“所有”, only,in particularc:大写名词、斜体字做好标记d:有关时间的句子,弄清楚前后关系e:反复出现的关键词,弄清其含义f:虚拟、让步语气g:转折、比较弄清比较双方是谁h:文章脉络,的观点和倾向,评价最重要§1阅读分类1.按题材分：文学评论,美国历史,弱势群体,生命科学2.按写作方法分：presentation[立论],argument[评论]3.按写作套路分：新旧观点型、现象解释型、结论解释型、问题解决型固定题材态度：4.对于新材料、新发现、新发明。
大学英语四级作文整理版本
大学英语四级作文整理版本一、现象解释型作文现象解释型作文通常要求考生对某种社会现象或问题进行解释和分析。
（一）模板第一段：引出话题，描述现象。
第二段：分析现象产生的原因。
第三段：提出解决问题的建议或措施。
（二）示例作文题目：On the Phenomenon of Online ShoppingNowadays, online shopping has become increasingly popular People of all ages and from all walks of life are inclined to purchase goods and services online This phenomenon has brought significant changes to our daily livesThe main reasons for the popularity of online shopping are as follows Firstly, it offers great convenience Shoppers can browse and buy products from the comfort of their homes or offices at any time, without the need to travel to physical stores Secondly, online stores provide a wider range of choices Consumers can access products from different regions and evendifferent countries, which is not always possible in traditional brickandmortar stores Moreover, online shopping often comes with competitive prices and discounts, allowing consumers to save moneyHowever, online shopping also has some drawbacks For instance, consumers cannot physically inspect the products before purchase, which may lead to dissatisfaction with the quality or size There are also concerns about the security of online transactions and the protection of personal information To address these problems, consumers should choose reliable online platforms and carefully read product descriptions and reviews Online merchants should also improve their customer service and ensure the security of transactionsIn conclusion, online shopping has both advantages and disadvantages With proper precautions and improvements, it can continue to thrive and provide better shopping experiences for people二、观点对比型作文观点对比型作文要求考生对两种不同的观点进行比较和分析，并表明自己的立场。
现象解释型英语作文模板及范文
现象解释型英语作文模板及范文(中英文实用版)Phenomenon Explanation Essay Template and SampleIn our ever-evolving world, various phenomena capture our attention and pique our curiosity.To effectively explain these occurrences, a phenomenon explanation essay serves as a useful tool.This essay template provides a structured approach to analyze and interpret a given phenomenon, helping readers gain a deeper understanding.现象解释型英语作文模板及范文在日新月异的世界中，各式各样的现象吸引了我们的目光，激起了我们的好奇心。
为了有效地解释这些现象，现象解释型作文成为了一个实用的工具。
本文提供的模板以结构化的方式分析及诠释特定现象，助力读者获得更深入的理解。
Introduction:The introduction of a phenomenon explanation essay should briefly present the topic and the purpose of the essay.It should also provide background information and a thesis statement that previews the main points to be discussed.引言：现象解释型作文的引言部分应简要介绍话题及作文目的。
此外，还需提供背景信息以及一个预示将要讨论主要观点的论点句。
四级作文-现象解释型
现象解释型作文I.现象解释型作文时继对比选择型作文之后又一常考作文。
这种作文要求就某种社会现象阐述原因，描述危害等。
现象解释型作文一般写作提纲如下：第一段：阐述现象。
第二段：分析原因。
第三段：解决办法或指出问题所在。
现象解释型作文举例：1.What Electives to Choose?1）各大学开设了各种各样的选修课。
2）学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课。
3）以你自己为例。
2.Harmful of Fake Commodities1）目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品，为什么会有这种现象？2）举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人，社会等的危害。
3.The Celebration of Western Festivals1）现在国内有不少人喜欢过西方的某些节日。
2）产生这种现象的原因。
3）这种现象可能带来的影响。
4.Students Selecting Their Lecturers1）有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课老师。
2）学生选择教师时考虑的主要因素。
3）学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题。
II.现象解释性文章中常用句型1.Never in history has the issue of _____ been more visible than _____.从来没有问题像_____ 那样引人关注。
2.Nowhere in world has the problem of _____ been as evident as _____.没有一个问题想_____那样引人瞩目。
3.Now there is a growing awareness (recognition) of the necessity of _____.现在，人们越来越意识到（认识到）_____的必要性。
4.Now, people in growing number are beginning (coming) to realize that _____.现在，越来越多的人开始意识到_____。
高考作文万能模板命题的范围
高考作文万能模板命题的范围一、议论文。
1. 现象解释型。
题目，网络购物的利与弊。
范文：随着互联网的普及和电子商务的发展，网络购物已经成为了人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。
然而，网络购物的利与弊也成为了人们争论的焦点。
对于这一现象，我认为……。
2. 事物比较型。
题目，传统教育与现代教育的比较。
范文：传统教育和现代教育各有其优点和不足之处。
传统教育强调基础知识的传授和学生的纪律性，而现代教育更注重培养学生的创新能力和实践能力。
在我看来，传统教育和现代教育应该取长补短，相互借鉴，以期达到更好的教育效果。
3. 问题解决型。
题目，如何解决青少年沉迷网络的问题。
范文：青少年沉迷网络已经成为了一个严重的社会问题。
为了解决这一问题，我们应该采取一系列措施，包括家庭教育、学校教育、社会监管等多方面的努力。
只有通过多方合作，才能有效地解决青少年沉迷网络的问题。
4. 利弊分析型。
题目，手机的利与弊。
范文：手机的出现给我们的生活带来了很多便利，但同时也带来了一些负面影响。
在我看来，我们应该充分发挥手机的优点，同时也要注意避免其带来的负面影响，这样才能更好地利用手机。
5. 原因阐述型。
题目，城市交通拥堵的原因分析。
范文：城市交通拥堵的原因主要包括人口过剩、交通规划不合理、私家车数量过多等。
要解决这一问题，我们需要从多个方面入手，包括提高公共交通的便利性、控制私家车的增长、优化交通规划等。
二、记叙文。
1. 人物传记型。
题目，我的偶像。
范文：我的偶像是我的父亲。
他是一个勤劳、善良、有责任心的人。
他在工作中勤奋努力，对家人关爱有加。
他的品质和行为一直是我学习的榜样。
2. 事件经历型。
题目，一次难忘的经历。
范文：上个暑假，我参加了一次志愿者活动。
在活动中，我结识了很多朋友，也体验了很多美好的事情。
这次经历让我受益匪浅，也让我明白了很多道理。
三、议论文。
1. 现象解释型。
题目，网络购物的利与弊。
随着互联网的普及和电子商务的发展，网络购物已经成为了人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。
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第三章现象解释型一、体裁介绍现象解释型作文命题要明确描述社会生活中存在的一种现象，要求考生说明该现象反映的社会问题，解释该现象存在或发生的原因。
审题思路考生拿到作文题后首先应确立写作主题、写作结构以及材料选择与组织。
对于此类作文，我们可以分为三部分：第一部分描述现象，引起话题；第二部分对现象进行细致的分析，解释现象发生或变化的原因；第三部分针对现象做出评论，表明自己的态度、观点或做法以及如何在日常生活中有效地发扬该现象的优势或消除这种现象不利的方面。
我们可以把图表说明型作文看作现象解释型作文的变体。
在图表说明型作文中，题目提供一些图表信息用来显示某一现象、情况的变化或者发展趋势，要求考生对变化进行描述，说明变化的原因，阐述个人看法。
对于图表说明型作文，我们也可根据命题要求将文章分为三部分：第一部分描述图表中数据的主要趋势，对数据进行分析比较，总结归纳图表内容所呈现的主要特征；第二部分对现象和变化进行细致的分析，解释现象发生或变化的原因；第三部分针对现象和变化做出结论。
二、真题分析Example 1Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Harmfulness of Fake Commodities. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline（given in Chinese) below：1. 目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fake commodities)；2. 为什么会有这种现象?3. 举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害。
（1998年1月）1. 审题列纲本文为现象解释型命题作文，可根据提纲要求将文章分为三段：第一段指出现象：社会上有不少假冒伪劣产品；第二段详细分析该现象产生的原因，为什么社会上会出现伪劣产品？该段第一句承上启下，说明该现象有几个方面的原因，紧接着后几句分别说明这几方面的原因；最后一段说明伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害，明确指出：必须坚决打击假冒伪劣产品。
2. 写作思路主题分析假冒伪劣商品的危害。
开头段指出现象：社会上有不少假冒伪劣产品。
中心段说明现象存在的原因。
假冒伪劣商品可以为生产商带来巨大的利润。
市场监管力度不够。
购买到假冒伪劣商品的消费者很难从有关部门获得帮助。
结论段伪劣商品危害消费者个人和社会等，必须坚决打击假冒伪劣产品。
假冒伪劣商品给消费者造成巨大的损失。
假冒伪劣商品危害人们的健康，甚至是生命。
必须采取措施打击假冒伪劣商品，这样才能生活得更好。
范文Harmfulness of Fake CommoditiesNowadays，there is an increasingly serious social problem of fake commodities. It is common that all kinds of fake commodities are sold in the market. And the question occurs to our minds: What leads to the existence of fake commodities?According to a survey，there are a couple of reasons caused fake commodities. First of all，fake commodities may bring about massive profits for producers. What’s more，our market supervision is still not powerful enough. Last but not least，consumers who bought fake commodities may find it difficult to ask the authority concerned for help.As a matter of fact，fake commodities do great harm to people. For one thing，fake commodities cause great losses to consumers. For another，fake commodities may harm people’s health，sometimes even lives. Therefore，we should take dozens of measures to prevent fake commodities from bringing us more harm. Only when fake commodities disappear can we live a better life.Example 2Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 120 words，and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below:1. 上图所示为1990年、1995年、2002年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。
(2002年6月真题)1. 审题列纲本题为图表型作文，考生可以根据给出的提纲，描述图表的内容，分析其中的原因，提出自己的观点。
文章可以从三个方面展开：第一段提出问题，描述图表中的现象；第二段分析原因，综述结果；第三段陈述自己的观点，得出结论。
2. 写作思路主题分析学生使用电脑的情况。
开头段整体描述图表中所体现的现象，提出问题。
中心段分析出现这种现象的原因。
电脑可以被广泛应用到学习当中。
电脑的价格大幅下降。
使用电脑的收费降低。
结论段存在的问题是：大多数学生没有充分利用电脑。
电脑经常被当作打字机使用。
有些学生把电脑应用到有限的范围之内。
Student Use of ComputersRecently，there has been a tremendous growth in the student use of computers since 1990.What amazes us most is that the average hours a student spend using computers grow up to 14 hours per week in 2000. It is true that college students are spending more hours using computers today.There are many reasons explaining this growth. The main reason is that computers can be widely used in study. What is more，computer prices decrease greatly. Thirdly，charges for using PC have dropped. As a result，more college students can afford computers for daily use.Considering all these，I believe that many students don’t make full use of computers. For one thing，the computer is often used as a typewriter on campus. For another，some students use computers only in a small field. In conclusion，we should try to help students make better use of computers.一、真题练Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: The Two day Weekend. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline（given in Chinese) below.（1996年1月）1. 双休日给大学生带来的好处；2. 双休日可能给大学生带来的问题；3. 我应当怎样过好双休日。
二、模拟练Task 1Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Cheating in Examinations. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline（given in English) below.1. Cheating in examinations is becoming a serious problem on many colleges and universities.2. Many discussions have been held to analyze the causes of the problem.3. Cheating in examinations has very bad effects.Task 2Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on Changes in Educational Enrollment in China of 1996 and 2001，which is based on the information in the chart below. Compare the figures of 1996 and 2001. Give possible explanations. Your composition should be in three paragraphs and be no less than 120 words.Task 3Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on Income Sources of College Students based on the information in the chart below. Your composition should be no less than 120 words.名师解惑一、真题练1. 审题思路本文要求针对双休日这种现象，分析其所带来的利弊，并以此为基础，提出个人观点。