河北省衡水中学2020届高三年级上学期期中考试
河北省衡水中学2020届高三年级上学期期中考试(物理)
河北省衡水中学2020届高三年级上学期期中考试物理本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择)两部分。
共110分。
考试时间110分钟。
第I卷(选择题共60分)一、选择题(本题共15小题，每小题4分，共60分。
每小题为不定项选择，全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分。
在答题纸上将正确选项涂黑。
1．如图所示，离水平地面一定高度处水平固定一内壁光滑的圆筒，筒内固定一轻质弹簧，弹簧处于自然长度。
现将一小球从地面以某一初速度斜向上抛出，小球刚好能水平进入圆筒中。
不计空气阻力。
下列说法中错误的是（）A．弹簧获得的最大弹性势能小于小球抛出时的动能B．小球斜上抛运动过程中处于失重状态C．小球压缩弹簧的过程中，小球减小的动能等于弹簧增加的势能D．若抛射点向右移动一小段距离，仍使小球水平进入圆筒中，可以增大抛射速度v0，同时增大抛射角θ2．甲、乙两个质点沿同一线运动，其中质点甲以6m/s的速度匀速直线运动，质点乙作初速度为零的匀变速直线运动，它们的位置x随时间t的变化如图所示。
己知t＝3s时，两质点的x-t图线的斜率相等。
下列判断正确的是（）A．最初的一段时间内，两质点的运动方向相反B．t＝3s时，质点乙的位置坐标为－9mC．质点乙经过原点时的速度大小为D．t＝10s时，两车相遇3．如图所示，倾角为θ的斜面体c置于水平地面上，物块b置于斜面上，通过跨过光滑定滑轮的轻绳与小盒a连接，连接物块b的一段轻绳与斜面平行，连接小盒a的一段轻绳竖直，小盒a连接在竖直固定在地面的弹簧上。
现向小盒a内缓慢加入适量砂粒，a、b、c始终处于静止状态。
下列判断正确的是（）A．斜面体c对物块b的摩擦力可能减小B．地面对斜面体c的支持力可能增大C．地面对斜面体c的摩擦力可能不变D．弹簧的弹力可能大4．如图所示，物块A、B静止叠放在水平地面上，物块B受到大小从零开始逐渐增大的水平力F作用。
物块A、B间的摩擦力F f1、物块B与地面间的摩擦力F f2随水平拉力F变化的情况如图乙所示。
2020届河北省衡水中学高三上学期期中考试 地理
2020届河北省衡水中学高三上学期期中考试地理试卷★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1、考试范围：高考范围。
2、试题卷启封下发后，如果试题卷有缺页、漏印、重印、损坏或者个别字句印刷模糊不清等情况，应当立马报告监考老师，否则一切后果自负。
3、答题卡启封下发后，如果发现答题卡上出现字迹模糊、行列歪斜或缺印等现象，应当马上报告监考老师，否则一切后果自负。
4、答题前，请先将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写在试题卷和答题卡上的相应位置，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。
5、选择题的作答：每个小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选择题答题区域的答案一律无效。
6、主观题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域的答案一律无效。
如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
7、保持答题卡卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损，不得使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带等。
8、考试结束后，请将本试题卷、答题卡、草稿纸一并依序排列上交。
第I卷(选择题共45分)一、单选题(每题1分，共45分)右图为“水循环示意图”。
读图，回答下列2题。
1.图中表示陆地内循环的是A.a－b－d－fB.b－d－fC.a－b－c－i－nD.a－b－d－h－o2.长江水源补给量最多的过程是A.a－b－c－iB.a－b－c－g－kC.a－b－d－h－lD.a－b－d－j海水透明度是海水能见度的一种量度。
常以直径30cm的白色圆盘垂直放入海水中的可见深度来表示。
其影响因素主要有水中的悬浮物质、浮游生物、进入海水中的径流、光线等。
下图是我国沿海部分海区8月份海水多年平均透明度等值线图。
读图，回答下列3题。
3.据图文材料分析，对南海的海水透明度影响最小的因素最可能是A.河流注入B.距陆地远近C.云量多少D.洋流4.对于我国南海透明度描述正确的是A.纬度越低，透明度越高B.河流入海口附近，透明度高C.距海岸线越近，透明度变化越大D.8月份南海各区域透明度达到一年中最高值5.下列关于图中甲处透明度等值线数值及原因对应最可能的是A.12－浮游生物较多，透明度低B.12－人类活动多，透明度低C.32－此时正午太阳高度大，透明度高D.32－海水浅，透明度高鲁伍马河发源于坦桑尼亚东南部的马塔戈罗山脉，主要支流有鲁建达、卢切林构、利空得、穆胡威西和卢美苏勒等河。
2020届河北衡水中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析
2020届河北衡水中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhat to Eat—and What to Skip—When It Comes to Takeout FoodIf the burden on your wallet doesn't bother you much, the effect your takeout habit can have on your waistline just might arouse your attention. Here's the best and worst of the lot for your belly.Steamed Vegetable Dumplings: Order This.When she orders Chinese, registered dietitian nutritionist Elisa Zied gets an order of steamed vegetable dumplings. "I often pair them with either chicken and broccoli in brown sauce（I ask for a little saucemade without sugar）or steamed shrimp dumplings," she tells us.Crab Wontons: Not That!When you deconstruct crab wontons, it's easy to see why they're a "Not That!" The inside is filled with crabmeat and cream cheese（which is just a fancy, spreadable fat）.The wonton is made of refined flour, egg and salt and the crispy（脆的）coating is a result of a deep oil bath.Peking Duck: Order This.Most of the fat from the skin flows out of the duck over the course of cooking, making this a healthier choice than most of the stir-fry dishes available. Order a side of steamed vegetables and serve it with a small scoop of brown rice. Done and done!Sweet and Sour Anything: Not That!Anything with “sweet and sour” in its title is a powerful cue that something has been deep-fried and covered in a sickly-sweet pink sauce. If you pair your selection with a side of rice, you're looking at a 1,000-calorie meal.Summer Roll: Order This.Summer rolls are steamed instead of fried—and typically filled with lean proteins and vegetables, making them a winning appetizer in our book. Pair them with an order of edamame（毛豆）and a broth-based soup for a satisfying, filling meal.Spring Roll: Not That!Spring=deep-fried, which is why we say to skip them! They're filled with fat and calories your belly doesn't need.1.What kind of cooking method should be skipped according to the text?A.Steaming.B.Stir-frying.C.Deep-frying.D.Boiling.2.Which of the following suits as a good starter for a meal?A.Chicken and broccoli.B.Steamed vegetable dumplings.C.Peking duck.D.Summer rolls.3.Where can the text be found?A.In a recipe.B.In a guidebook.C.In a science fiction.D.In a health magazine.BLight pollution is a significant but overlooked driver of the rapid decline of insect populations, according to the most comprehensive review of the scientific evidence to date.Artificial light at night can affect every aspect of insects' lives, the researchers said. "We strongly believe artificial light at night — in combination with habitat loss, chemical pollution.invasive (入侵的) species, and climate change — is driving insect declines, " the scientists concluded after assessing more than 150 studies.Insect population collapses have been reported around the world, and the first global scientific review published in February,said widespread declines threatened to cause a "catastrophic collapse of nature's ecosystems".There are thought to be millions of insect species, most still unknown to science, and about half are active at night. Those active in the day may also be disturbed by light at night when they are at rest.The most familiar impact of light pollution is moths (飞蛾) flapping around a bulb, mistaking it for the moon. Some insects use the polarisation of light to find the water they need to breed, as light waves line up after reflecting from a smooth surface. But artificial light can scupper (使泡汤) this. Insects areimportant prey (猎物) for many species, but light pollution can tip the balance in favour of the predator if it traps insects around lights. Such increases in predation risk were likely to cause the rapid extinction of affected species, the researchers said.The researchers said most human-caused threats to insects have analogues in nature, such as climate change and invasive species. But light pollution is particularly hard for insects to deal with.However, unlike other drivers of decline, light pollution is ly easy to prevent. Simply turning off lights that are not needed is the most obvious action, he said, while making lights motion-activated also cuts light pollution. Shading lights so only the area needed is lit up is important. It is the same with avoiding blue-white lights, whichinterfere with daily rhythms. LED lights also offer hope as they can be easily tuned to avoid harmful colours and flicker rates.4. What is discussed in the passage?A. Causes of declining insect populations.B. Consequences of insect population collapses.C. Light pollution: the key bringer of insect declines.D. Insect declines: the driver of the collapsed ecosystem.5. What is the 5th paragraph mainly about?A. How light travels in space.B. How light helps insects find food.C. How the food chain is interrelated.D. How light pollution affects insects.6. What does the underlined word"analogues"in Paragraph 6probably mean?A. Selective things.B. Similar things.C. Variations.D. Limitations.7. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To offer solutions.B. To give examples.C. To make comparisons.D. To present arguments.CDengue is a very painful illness spread by mosquitoes. In severe cases, dengue can even be deadly. Dengue is a serious disease affecting people in around 120 countries. It can cause high fevers, headaches, and severe pain. It’s caused by a virus spread by bites from mosquitoes. Therefore, dengue is more common in warm areas. Every year, roughly 390 million people get dengue, and as many as 25,000 die from it.Now scientists seem to have found a way to protect humans from dengue by first protecting mosquitoes. Dengue fever is caused by a virus. Though it may seem strange to think of it this way, the mosquitoes that spread the dengue virus are also infected with it. But the virus doesn’t seem to hurt the mosquitoes.Wolbachia is a kind of bacteria commonly found in many insects. In some insects, Wolbachia can keep some viruses fromduplicatingthemselves, which is how viruses grow inside a body. Wolbachia isn’t naturally found in mosquitoes. But by infecting these mosquitoes with Wolbachia, scientists can keep the mosquitoes from catchingthe dengue virus. Even better, the young mosquitoes coming from the eggs of the infected mosquitoes also carry Wolbachia.Researchers working with the World Mosquito Program (WMP) ran a 27-month study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. They split a 10-square-mile area up into 24 smaller areas. In half of the areas, the scientists did nothing. In the other half, they set out containers of eggs from mosquitoes that had Wolbachia. They did this every two weeks for just 4 to 6 months.Ten months later, 80% of the mosquitoes in the treated areas carried Wolbachia. The researchers report the number of dengue cases in the treated areas was reduced by 77% and that the number of people needing hospital care for dengue dropped by 86%.Because the results of the experiment were so good, the WHO has placed Wolbachia-infected mosquito eggs in all parts of Yogyakarta and surrounding areas. The WHO says that within a year, their efforts will protect 2.5 million people against dengue and that their efforts will be turned into a program that can be repeated worldwide.8. What kind of disease is dengue?A. It is likely to cause death.B. It causes no pain but fevers.C. It happens less often in hot areas.D. It hurts both people and mosquitoes.9. The underlined word “duplicating” in paragraph 3 most probably means “________”.A. worsening the harm ofB. expanding the size ofC. increasing forces ofD. making copies of10. What can be inferred about the method from the figures listed in paragraph 5?A. Its wide use.B. Its effectiveness.C. Its complexity.D.Its easy operation.11. What’s the WHO’s attitude towards the method?A. Ambiguous.B. Positive.C. Tolerant.D. Skeptical.DWhere do you find beauty? Fashion Magazines? Music Videos? One American photographer is finding beauty in unexpected places. And a new documentary about his work might help change the traditional standards of “who” is beautiful.Rick Guidotti put aside his career as a fashion photographer to turn his lens to people living with genetic, physical and behavioral differences. He says what changed his perception of beauty was a chance encounter with an albino （白化病）girl.“I was just tired of people telling me who was beautiful. Every season that face would change but I was always told who was beautiful. As an artist, I don't see beauty just on covers of magazines. I see it everywhere. So it was my initial intention that opened my eyes a little wider and wider.” Said Guidotti.Guidotti has created Positive Exposure, a not-for-profit organization that uses photography and video to transform public views and promote a world where differences are celebrated. Guidotti and Positive Exposure are featured in a new documentary called On Beauty.The cast and crew recently hosted a screening at Georgetown University in Washington. One of the women featured in the film is Jayne Waithera. “I never thought I was beautiful because nobody said that to me, but meeting him was my profound moment. I remember that particular day he took my picture and I felt so good like I felt there's somebody who, really loves me and sees me for who I am and who sees me more than my condition.” said Waithera.The documentary is the idea of producer Joanna Rudnick. After seeing Guidotti's photos, she decided to tell his story. Joanna and Guidotti are traveling from city to city to promote On Beauty. “As I travel from community to community, I'm taking photographs and I'm encouraging individuals with a positive sense of who they are. They're seeing beauty in their reflection but I'm also encouraging their families and they in turn are encouraging their communities as well. All is based on the philosophy of change how you see,see how you change.”12. What made Rick change his understanding of beauty?A. A girl diagnosed with albino.B. His job as a fashion photographer.C. The beauty on the covers of magazines.D. Influence from the people working with him.13. What can we infer about Jayne Waithera?A. She showed great interest in taking photos.B. She used to be disappointed at her work and life.C. She was greatly influenced by the experience with Rick.D. She believed Rick was the best photographer in the world.14. Which of the following words can best describe On Beauty?A. abstract and differentB. traditional and academicC. tolerant and encouragingD. creative and interesting15. What's the best title of the text?A. True Beauty In The Eye Of A PhotographerB. Beautiful Or Not Beautiful,That's A QuestionC. Be Who You Are Not Who You Want To BeD. A Different photographer, A Different Magazine第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届河北衡水中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案
2020届河北衡水中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AChina has 410K5Gbase stationsChina built 257,000 new 5G base stations in the first half of the year, according to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT).Shipments of 5G phones reached 8623 million unis in China, with 5G package users hitting 66 million by the end of June, said Wen Ku, head of information and communication at the ministry.To give full play to the commercialization of 5G, more policies should be implemented to boost the vitality of the market, Wen said, adding that international cooperation in 5G technology, industry and application should be strengthened.AG600 seaplane’s test flightKunlong, China’s homegrown AG600 large amphibious aircraft, conducted its first sea-based test flight on Sunday morning, marking a new milestone in the program.The AG600 is China’s second amphibious aircraft, after the SH-5, which was developed in the 1970s for military purposes and has been retired for a long time.These specifications make it the world’s biggest amphibious aircraft, surpassing Japan’s ShinMaywa US-2 and Russia’s Beriev Be-200.Once in service, it will put an end to the absence of a large rescue aircraft in China and will be very useful in the national emergency rescue and disaster relief systems.Beidou products land abroadAccording to Ran Chengqi, director general of China Satellite Navigation Office, Beidou has been constantly deepening its compatibility, interoperability and cooperation with the US’ GPS, Russia’s GLONASS and the EU’s Galileo. It has also entered international organizations of civil aviation, maritime affairs, search and rescue satellites and mobile communication.BDS-based services have been successfully applied in land mapping, precision farming, digital development and smart port construction in member countries of ASEAN, South Asia, Eastern Europe, West Asia and Africa.1. What can we learn from this passage?A. The total number of 5G phones has reached a new level.B. Kunlong, unlike SH-5, is not just for military purposes.C. Technologies mentioned above need more cooperation with others.D. BDS-based services have been provided for users in many countries.2. Which of the following is most probably related to agriculture?A. 5G phonesB. BDS-based servicesC. AG600 seaplaneD. Beriev Be-2003. If your friend did a course in marketing management, he may choose a job in a ________.A. 5G technology related marketB. large amphibious aircraftC. BDS-based projectD. China Satellite Navigation OfficeBJeff Bezos, Elon Musk and Richard Branson have a combined net worth of 400 billion, roughly the size of the GDP of the entire nation of Ireland. And all three men have decided to put vast sums of their wealth into chasing their space travel dreams, creating a modern space race in which ultra — rich men — rather than countries — shoot for the stars.But why the three billionaires choose the crazy plan? Just for the travel dreams? It’s not that simple.As we all know, the space travel is a mirror of comprehensive national strength, whether it’s the cold war or the present. The first space racespannedmultiple presidents and premiers — Kennedy, Krushchev, Brezhnev, Nixon. It made heroes of astronauts and cosmonauts, and it focused national prides. But obviously, this year’s race between the billionaires features none of that national pride or opposing ideas. It’s tax — averse tycoons (大亨) who want to sell high — priced tickets to rich people interested in experiencing weightlessness. Amazon’s Bezos has said he is funding his portion by selling off large chunks of his Amazon stock (股票) — 1 billion or more a year.What are the odds? If anyone is taking bets on how this will end, and who will have the more profitable space tourism business, consider Amazon’s method of making very little profit in order to eat up competition. So, from this point of view, what’s hiding behind this crazy race is business. As a method of expand influence, it is not a bad idea.Richard Branson has carried out his plan on July 12, and Jeff Bezos announced that he will start his space travel on July 20. Bezos is getting some good press because he’s taking Wally Funk along for the ride. She’s the pilot now in her 80s who was kept out of space in the 1960s because she’s a woman. This may be a bonus for him. As for Musk, he thinks these two above are not real space trips, he wants a larger move.Who will win the race in the end? Let’s wait and see.4. Which of the following people might be the potential client of the space travel?A. Daisy aged 45 with a heavy debt.B. Clarkson who doesn’t enjoy taking risks.C. Billy aged 60 with an ample retirement pension.D. Alexander who knows nothing about space travel.5. What stopped Wally Funk flying to space in the 1960s?A. Age.B. Gender.C. Height.D. Disposition.6. What does the author think of the billionaires race?A. Profit — driven.B. Meaningless.C. Foolish.D. Generous.7. What does the underlined word “spanned” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Revolved.B. Turned down.C. Entered.D. Leapt through.CWhether for a special holiday, as a way of showing gratitude or just a way of letting someone know you care, gift giving is a universal custom Though the purpose may be similar from place to place, traditions vary widely from one country to the next. A behavior that shows respect in one place might be consideredoffensivesomewhere else. Take a look at unique gifting traditions from around the world.Here in theUS, a set of kitchen knives seems like the perfect gift idea for a wedding. However, in certain European countries likeGermany, people believe that a knife presented as a gift will cut off your friendship. There is a way to break it: Tie a coin to the knife or gift box. The receiver then returns the coin to you as a “payment”to remove the bad luck.There's a well-known Italian wedding tradition where the groom's (新郎) tie is cut into a number of tiny pieces. Wedding guests can then "buy” these tie pieces in exchange for cash. It's a fun way to give money to the new couple thatleaves guests with a wedding souvenir.As left hands are considered unclean in Indian culture, behaviors such as touching, passing money, or giving gifts are to be done with the right hand. Different from some other cultures , an odd number (奇数) of thingsor currency represents good luck. For example, £11 should be given rather than £10.InZimbabwe, it is common to directly ask for a gift. When you receive a gift without asking for it, even if the giver's family is poor, it's the worst way to reject the offering. Also, expressing thanks with actions is better than giving thanks orally (口头地).These may include jumping up and down, dancing, or whistling.8. What does the underlined word “offensive“ in paragraph 1 refer to?A. Rude.B. Creative.C. Suitable.D. Caring.9. How do people prevent friendship breaking down when giving gifts like knives?A. The guests cut the groom's tie into pieces.B. The receiver returns the coin to the giver.C. The giver gives gifts with the right hand.D. The receiver expresses thanks by dancing.10. What can we learn about the gift giving inZimbabwe?A. It is not proper to ask for a gift directly.B. It's better to reject a gift from a poor family.C. One can express thanks by writing letters.D. Showing gratitude with actions is better than words.11. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. The Wayof Showing GratitudeB. A Fun Behavior to Respect PeopleC. Various Gift Giving TraditionsD. A Special Custom of Gift GivingDYou've probably heard it suggested that you need to move more throughout the day, and as a general rule of thumb, that "more" is often defined as around 10,000 steps. With many Americans tracking their stepsvia new fitness-tracking wearables, or even just by carrying their phone, more and more people use the 10,000-step rule as their marker for healthy living. Dr. Dreg Hager, professor of computer science at Johns Hopkins, decided to take a closer look at that 10,000-step rule, and he found that usingitas a standard may be doing more harm than good for many.“It turns out that in 1960 in Japan they figured out that the average Japanese man, when he walked 10,000 steps a day burned something like 3,000 calories and that is what they thought the average person should consume so they picked 10,000 steps as a number” Hager said.According to Hager, asking everyone to shoot for 10,000 steps each day could be harmful to the elderly or those with medical conditions, making it unwise for them to jump into that level of exercise, even if it's walking.The bottom line is that 10,000 steps may be too many for some and too few for others. He also noted that those with shorter legs have an easier time hitting the 10,000-step goal because they have to take more steps than people with longer legs to cover the distance. It seems that 10,000 steps may be suitable for the latter.A more recent study focused on older women and how many steps can help maintain good health and promote longevity (长寿).The study included nearly 17,000 women with an average age of 72. Researchers found that women who took 4,400 steps per day were about 40% less likely to die during a follow-up period of just over four years: Interestingly, women in the study who walked more than 7,500 steps each day got no extra boost in longevity.12. What does the underlined word "it' in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. The phone recording.B. The 10,000-step rule.C. The healthy living.D. The fitness-tracking method.13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. How many steps a Japanese walks.B. How we calculate the number of steps.C. If burning 3,000 calories daily is scientific.D. Where 10,000 steps a day came from.14. Who will probably benefit from 10,000 steps each day according toHager?A. Senior citizens.B. Young short-legged people.C. Healthy long-legged peopleD. Weak individuals.15. How many steps may the researchers suggest senior citizens take each day?A. 4,400 steps.B. 10,000 steps.C. 2,700 steps.D. 7,500 steps.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届河北衡水中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案
2020届河北衡水中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASpeaking with people on the phone is pretty rare these days. Most people use e-mail or messaging apps when they need to communicate with someone. Sometimes, though, making a call is unavoidable. This simple act can actually be a nightmare for some people. Their hearts race and their hands sweat at the very thought. If this sounds familiar to you, you might be one of the millions of people who suffer from telephobia—the fear of speaking over the phone.Telephobia is a form of social anxiety, although people who feel perfectly comfortable in social situations may also experience telephobia. When speaking face-to-face, we give off lots of facial or bodily cues that help each other follow the conversation. This is not the case over the phone. And the idea of speaking into this void（真空）makes people terrified that they will freeze up, stumble over their words（失言）, or lose control of the conversation and look foolish In fact, telephobia is very similar to thefear people feel before putting on a performance in front of a big audience. However, there are things that one suffering from thin condition can do to reduce this fear and make phone calls at least somewhat bearable.One thing that those with telephobia can do before a call in smile. It may sound silly, but smiling before doing something stressful can help you feel more relaxed. It won't delete the anxiety altogether, but it will take the edge off it.Similarly, imagining how the call will go before you make it can also help things go more smoothly. Running through a positive conversation in your head will make you feel less nervous and may help you predict any possible problems. There's no need to spend hours on this, just a few minutes thinking up a general idea of what you want to say. You can even write down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking points. This is particularly useful for dealing with the fear of not being able to express yourself naturally.And finally, when faced with receiving a call, you don't always have to pick up. There's nothing wrong with calling the person back later when you feel more comfortable.So the next time your phone starts ringing, remember—speaking on the phone doesn't have to make you sweat. The important thing is to be aware of your fear and take steps to deal with it.1. According to the article, which situation can cause a feeling similar lo telephobia?A.Speaking face-to-face to a good friend.B. Performing in front of a large audience.C. Running in a race without proper shoes.D. Using a messaging app while on the subway.2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to deal with telephobia?A.Imagining how the call will go before you make it.B. Standing on the edge of a tall building while making a call.C. Calling someone back later instead of answering their phone calls right away.D. Writing down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking points.3. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To present ways to ease telephobia.B. To explain the development of telephobiaC. To introduce the influence of telephobia.D. To give the reason why someone suffers from telephobia.BA company called Neuralink has shared a video where a monkey is playing a video game. That' s fairly unusual, but what makes the video even stranger is that the monkey is playing the video game with just his mind.The monkey in the video is called Pager who has two of Neuralink's special "Link" devices(装置)inside his brain. The devices planted in Pager's brain are connected to 2,048 wires which lead to the parts of Pager's brain that control movements of the arms and hands.Scientists taught Pager to play a video game. At first, Pager controlled the video game using a joystick it, which is a normal gaming controller. But as Pager played, his Link devices wirelessly sent out information about the signals his brain was using to control his arms and hands. Neuralink's scientists recorded all of these signals.Then they used computers to match the signals from Pager's brain to the movements that his hands were actually doing. This was the most difficult work and the scientists counted on artificial intelligence ( AI) to help them decode(解码)Pager's brain signals.The final step was to have a computer make moves inthe video game as if Pager had actually moved the joystick. If Pager thought about moving the joystick up, the computer would send an “up” signal to the video game.At first, the researchers let Pager keep moving the joystick with his hand, even though it was no longerconnected to the computer. But soon Pager was able to play the video game using just his brain.Even though Neuralink's work right now focuses on animals and video games, there's a very serious purpose behind it. Neuralink wants to make it possible for humans who have lost the ability to make physical movements to interact with the world around them.4. What are “Link” devices used to do?A. To pick up the arms' and hands' signals.B. To link the computer to the monkey's brain.C. To send out information about the brain's signals.D. To control movements of the arms and hands.5. What challenged scientists most in the study?A. Recording and sending out body signals.B. Training Pager to use the joystick correctly.C. Planting "Link" devices into Pager's brain.D. Matching brain signals to body movements.6. What is Neuralink's real purpose of the study?A. To test artificial intelligence.B. To help those without arms or legs.C. To study how animals play video games.D. To develop more complex video games.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Video Games for Animals Are Developed.B. Science Proves the Intelligence of Monkeys.C. Monkey Plays Video Games Using His Mind.D. Neuralink Is Leading the World in Technology.CThe China International Search and Rescue Team(CISAR) was formed in 2001 and is now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 police dogs. The team brings help and hope to those whose lives are changed by astorm, flood, earthquake, or any other natural disasters.After long and careful training, the team went on its first international rescue tasks in 2003. That year, the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes inAlgeriaandIran. It was the first time that a Chinese team hadworked outsideChinawhose members won high praise for bravery and skill.Since then, the CISAR has completed many tasks. The list of people to whom help has been given is long. The team treated more than 3,000 people who were wounded in the 2006 earthquake inIndonesia, helped 2,500 wounded people after the earthquake that hitHaitiin 2010, and spent several months giving aid to over 25,000 people suffering from the 2010 floods inPakistan. On April 26, 2015, a group of 62 people from CISAR went toNepalafter the 8.1 magnitude earthquake that happened there.Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat wounds, and hand out food, water, and other supplies. They have to be able to do work that is difficult under conditions which can be very dangerous. After a disaster, there is usually no electricity or water, and there may be diseases and other dangers. Rescue workers get to save lives, but they must also bury the dead. That means they have to be strong in both body and mind.Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. It takes a lot of love and courage to risk one’s own life to save someone else’s. The members of the CISAR have plenty of both and are always ready to go wherever help is needed.8. What is the function of the numbers in Paragraph 3?A. To advertise for the CISAR.B. To add some basic information.C. To praise Recue Workers’ contributions.D. To stress the dangers Rescue Workers face.9. What is the author’s attitude towards Rescue Workers?A. Hopeful.B. Respectful.C. Curious.D. Supportive.10. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about?A. The duty rescue workers must perform.B. The qualities rescue workers must own.C. The difficulties rescue workers must go through.D. The willingness rescue workers should require.11. What may be the best title of the passage?A. China to the RescueB. How to train CISARC. Welcome to CISARD. Rescue on requestDKamikatsu, a small town in Japan, has shown the world that our garbage has far-reaching effects, and not just on our environment.Theexperiment in going zero waste started when the town built a new incinerator 20 years ago. But almost immediately, the incinerator was determined to be a health risk due to the poisonous gases when garbage was burned in it. It was too expensive to send waste to other towns, so locals had to come up with a new plan. Then the Zero Waste Academy was born, which helped perform this plan.Now Kamikatsu people separate their waste into 45 different categories. But in the beginning, it wasn't easy to convince local people to do all this work, and there was somepushback. Only after that initial education period did most residents come on board.This is all great news for waste reduction of course, but it has also had some unexpected social benefits as well. Like much of Japan, Kamikatsu's population is aging, and about 50 percent of the locals are elderly. The fact that the whole community takes their trash in to be recycled has created a local action and interaction between generations.That idea has been purposefully expanded to include a circular shop where household goods are dropped off and others can take them, and a tableware "library" where people can borrow extra cups, glasses, silverware and plates for celebrations."The elderly see this not as a waste-collection service, but an opportunity to socialize with the younger generation and to chat. When we visit them, they prepare lots of food and we stay with them for a while, we ask how they are," Sakano, the founder of the Zero Waste Academy, said.Sakano's ideas are truly revolutionary if you think about it. She's proving that community can be found through handling the stuff we no longer want and need.12. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2?A. What harmful effects garbage burning has.B. Why garbage sorting is necessary in Japan.C. How the idea of zero waste was put forward.D. What the Zero Waste Academy functions as.13. What does the underlined word "pushback" probably mean?A. Inactive response.B. Generous reward.C. Bitter suffering.D. Beneficial guidance.14. What is a bonus of the zero waste project?A. Reducing waste.B. Creating community.C. Increasing people's income.D. Developing a new technology.15. Which part of a newspaper is this text most likely from?A. Technology.B. Health.C. Workplace.D. Lifestyle.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届河北衡水中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案
2020届河北衡水中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenBIn this day and age, there seems to be a move towards secondary school subjects. For that reason, some parents and some students feel that the compulsory study of English literature is misguided and disadvantageous to students, particularly if they are second language learners of English. However, there are still good reasons for the study of English literature.Students of English language sometimes fail to see the point of studying English literature,especially if they have no plans to study English or translation at university. But English literature can introduce students to a range of aspects, not only of the English language but also the culture of English-speaking countries.There are aspects of English culture that are summarised by English literature. Of course, this is quite obvious when studying the works of Shakespeare or of writers, poets and playwrights of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It is, however, also true when studying other works of English literature. Students can learn about good stories and references to different aspects of English culture. They can also learn the context and meanings of famous quotes and phrases.Studying literature does not confine the students to the traditions ofEnglandbut includes the possibility of introducing them to traditions which inform English literature, such as the study of Ancient Greek drama, and to literature in other contexts, such as American literature.An enjoyment and appreciation of literature will give students the ability to develop this into an interest in books and reading as they move away from their studies and into the adult lives. They will have the confidence to approach and cope with new forms of books and writing, since they were exposed to a range of literature during their school days.When studying literature, students can learn not only language aspects such as vocabulary items but also the language aspects which can be used for specific purposes. For example, if the students are familiar with theconcepts of beat and rhythm of English poems, they can improve their own writing as they are able to appreciate and apply these ideas.Finally, the study of literature can provide students with a fresh and creative angle, from which the students can approach their studies in particular and their lives in general.So the next time you are reading a newspaper article complaining of the lack of creativity and initiative in the local workforce, remember that in a small way the study of English literature can help to add a refreshing and further dimension to a person’s life.4. The author may agree that the study of English literature________.A. has a long-lasting influence on studentsB. is misguided and has more disadvantagesC. is not necessary for second language learnersD. only allows the students to learn the traditions ofEngland5. We can learn from the passage that ________.A.schools fail to care about students’ needsB. learning English literature makes students smarterC. English culture is closely related to English literatureD. the more you read literary works, the more you complain6. What’s the author’s attitude towards the study of English literature?A. Critical.B. Cautious.C. Supportive.D. Anxious.7. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Parents and Students’ DemandsB. Why We Learn English LiteratureC. English Culture and English LiteratureD. Suitable Courses for Secondary SchoolsCIt was once considered an important status symbol ---but having a home phone is increasingly seen asa white elephant. New figures show that one in five households no longer bother with a landline（固定电话），and almost a third of those that do never actually use it.The vast majority of people who still have a home phone ——72 percent ——say they only have it because it is part of their broadband package.But that's not the only reason to desert the home phone - 20 percent of thosesurveyed said that they were fed up with the number of cold calls and would-be scammers（诈骗者）.Digital media expert Dr. Elinor Carmi said there was a generational and social divide in phone use. She explained："If you,re young and have the mobility to go outside, you would rely on a mobile phone. But if you are older, disabled and perhaps poorer, our research shows you're more likely to use a landline. If you are richer, you will have access to more smart devices --- a smart TV, smartphone or laptop. But the poorer you are --- or if you are older, your use of these devices is more limited.”Last year, research from regulator Ofcom found that the amount of time spent on landline calls annually in theUKhad halved over just six years, to 54 billion minutes. The new study also showed that more than a quarter of households have decided to find a broadband provider that does not charge for their unused landline, but only six percent have done so.8. The underlined part “ a white elephant" in Paragraph 1 probably refers to something that isA. costly but effectiveB. useful and beautifulC. expensive but uselessD. cheap and necessary9. What's the main reason why some people still have a home phone?A. Their broadband package contains it.B. Their family can only afford to use it.C. They are used to using a home phone.D. They consider it an important status symbol.10. Which of the following is more likely to use a landline?A. A young adventurer.B. An old poor gardener.C. An outdoor photographer.D. A famous indoor designer.11. What's the best title of the text?A. End of the landline?B. Fed up with cold calls?C. The history of phonesD. Different choices of phonesDThermoelectric generators turn waste heat into electricity without producing greenhouse gas emissions, likea free lunch. But the high cost of these devices has prevented their widespread use. Now, researchers have found a way to make cheap thermae-lectrices that work just as well. The work could pave the way for greener car engines, and other energy-generating devices.“This looks like a very smart way to realize high performance,” says Li-Dong Zhao, a materials scientist. He notes there are still a few more steps before these materials can become high-performing. However, he says, “This will be used in the not too far future.”Thermoelectrics are semiconductor devices placed on a hot surface. That gives them a hot side and a cool side. If a device allows the hot side to warm up the cool side, the electricity stops flowing. A device’s success at preventing this, as well as its ability to conduct electrons, feeds into a score known as the figure of merit, or ZT.Researchers have produced thermoelectric materials with increasing ZTs. The record came in 2014 when Mercouri Kanatzidis came up with a tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1. Yet the material was too fragile to work with. “For practical applications, it’s a non-star-ter,” Kanatzidis says.Getting through that door will still take some time. The tin selenide the team makes is mixed with Na, creating a “p-type” material that conducts positive charges. To make working devices, researchers also need an “n-type” version to conduct negative charges.Zhao’s team is now working on making an n-type version. Once successful, researchers should have a clear path to making a new generation of super-efficient thermoelectric genera-tors. Those could be installed everywhere from automobile exhaust pipes to water heaters and industrial smelters toscavengesome of the 65% of fossil fuel energy that winds up as waste heat.12. The first paragraph wants to tell us________.A. The wide use of thermoelectric generatorsB. The devices of current thermoelectric generatorsC. The reason why researchers make cheap thermoelectricsD. The greener car engines that contribute to environmental protection13. How does Li-Dong Zhao feel about cheap thermoelectric generators?A. Indifferent.B. Optimistic.C. Critical.D. Worried.14. What do you know about the research in 2014 from paragraph 4 and 5?A. It was far from a success for practical applications.B. A tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1 can be easy to work with.C. Researchers made an “n-type” version to make working devicesD. A “p-type” material made from the tin selenide conducts negative charges15. What does the underlined word “scavenge” in the last paragraph mean?A. Recycle.B. Produce.C. Clean.D. Increase.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年河北衡水中学高三语文上学期期中试题及答案
2020年河北衡水中学高三语文上学期期中试题及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。
材料一：近年来，多地政府相继出台一系列政策，夜经济在激发消费潜力、打造新的经济增长点中扮演日益重要的角色。
腾讯与瞭望智库联合发布的《2019中国城市夜经济影响力报告》中显示，中国60％的消费发生在夜间，大型商场每天18时至22时的销售额超过全天销售额的50％，2018年，国内夜间餐饮消费较上年增长47％。
“在中国经济致力于高质量发展、新旧动能转换的新的历史时期，夜经济由于其蕴含巨大的消费潜能、市场空间开始被人们关注。
”在中国人民大学应用经济学院教授付晓东看来，“随着人们对高质量、高品质生活的追求，特别是对自然的钟爱和深层的理解，夜间越来越成为人们生活中日益重要、更加关注的部分。
”的确，以大数据、云计算、人工智能等为代表的新一轮技术革命的推进，改变了人们的消费观念与习惯。
人们开始追求高品质、多样化消费，与此同时，精神消费、文化消费等消费需求更为旺盛，消费者开始在能力范围内追求更加丰富多样的生活方式。
（摘编自刘发为《吸引人更要打动人夜经济快步复苏》，《人民日报·海外版》2020年5月28日）材料二：恢复“地摊经济”为城市生活增添了平易近人之美，但也并不是意味着可以“放任发展”。
从“地摊经济”可以看出一座城市治理能力的现代化水平，各地还要尽快出台相关政策，完善顶层设计。
例如，划定临时摊点，加强执法引导，让执法更带城市温度。
对流动商贩加强宣传疏导，提升食品安全质量，引导商贩合法合规合理经营。
同时市场监管部门也要加强抽检频次，让“地摊经济”活起来，“夜经济”动起来。
城市管理部门还要跟上服务，垃圾及时进行运输清理，合理疏散人流，确保不扎堆、不聚集。
“地摊经济”与文明创建并不相悖，反而更能体现出城市温度，“柴米油盐酱醋茶”是民生的基本考量，不应让一些管理方面的顾虑拖住“保民生”的步子，我们更多的应该是在危机中找新机，积极面对困难，化解痛点，释放消费活力，促进底层百姓就业，接地气、暖民心。
河北省衡水中学2020届高三上学期期中考试 物理试题
河北省衡水中学2020届高三上学期期中考试本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择)两部分。
共110分。
考试时间110分钟。
第I卷(选择题共60分)注意事项：l.答卷I前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。
2.答卷I时，每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。
一、选择题(每小题分，共60分。
下列每小题给选项至少有一项符合题意，将正确答案的序号填涂在答题卡上，全部选对的得4分，有漏选的得2分，有错选的得0分)1.如图所示，离水平地面一定高处水平固定一内壁光滑的圆筒，筒内固定一轻质弹簧，弹簧处于自然长度。
现将一小球从地面以某一初速度斜向上抛出，刚好能水平进入圆筒中，不计空气阻力。
下列说法中错误的是A.弹簧获得的最大弹性势能小于小球抛出时的动能B.小球斜上抛运动过程中处于失重状态C.小球压缩弹簧的过程中，小球减小的动能等于弹簧增加的势能D.若抛射点向右移动一小段距离，仍使小球水平进入圆筒中，可以增大抛射速度v0，同时增大抛射角θ2.甲、乙两个质点沿同一线运动，其中质点甲以6m/s的速度匀速直线运动，质点乙作初速度为零的匀变速直线运动，它们的位置x随时间t的变化如图所示。
己知t＝3s时，甲、乙图线的斜率相等。
下列判断正确的是A.最初的一段时间内，甲、乙的运动方向相反B.t＝3s时，乙的位置坐标为－9mC.乙经过原点时的速度大小为D.t＝10s时，两车相遇3.如图所示，倾角为θ的斜面体c置于水平地面上，物块b置于斜面上，通过跨过光滑定滑轮的细绳与小盒a连接，连接b的一段细绳与斜面平行，连接a的一段细绳竖直，a连接在竖直固定在地面的弹簧上。
现向盒内缓慢加入适量砂粒，a、b、c始终处于静止状态。
下列判断正确的是A.c对b的摩擦力可能减小B.地面对c的支持力可能增大C.地面对c的摩擦力可能不变D.弹簧的弹力可能大4.如图所示，物块A、B静止叠放在水平地面上，B受到大小从零开始逐渐增大的水平拉力F作用。
河北省衡水中学2020届高三年级上学期期中考试(英语)
河北省衡水中学2020届高三年级上学期期中考试英语本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the weather like now?A. It's cloudy.B. It's rainy.C. It's sunny.2. When will the plane arrive?A. At 3: 30 pro.B. At 4:00 pm.C. At 4: 30 pm.3. What will the man do during his vacation?A. Stay home.B. Visit his aunt.C. Tour around London.4. What does the woman mean?A. She also has poor eyesight.B. The man's glasses are up to date.C. The man should change his glasses.5. Where does the conversation take place?A. At a pool.B. In a classroom.C. In a gym.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What will the man do first after school?A. Prepare for a test.B. See a film.C. Buy a book.7. Where will the man meet his friends?A. At a bookstore.B. At an ice-cream shop.C. At a cinema.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题.8. What is the matter with the cooker?A. It can't be turned on.B. It can't be turned off.C. It can't get hot.9. What does the man offer to do with the cooker?A. Change it for a new one.B. Try to fix it himself first.C. Take it to the repair shop.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
河北省衡水2020届高三上期中考试语文试题及答案解析
河北省衡水2020届高三上期中考试语文试题及答案解析一、语言文字运用(6分)阅读下面的文字，完成1一3题。
“暮春者，泰服既成，冠者五六人，童子六七人，浴乎沂，风乎舞雩，咏而归”，表达了中国古贤的人生意趣，也了古人向往的美育图景。
美育在中国历史和文化语境中从来不是一技一艺的传习，也不是理论概念的记诵，而是全身心的文化沉浸和场景感受，因而具有总体性特征。
与之相应，中国美育资源也。
皎皎明月、悠悠晴空、山峦溪流、市井勾栏，万事万物都拨动着人们的心绪。
这是我国美育的特色和传统，应在新的时代条件下继承和弘扬，这就要求美育资源的重组。
蔡元培在《美育实施的方法》中就提出过，美育要从家庭、学校、社会入手，社会美育又包括从美术馆、剧院到博物馆，从道路、建筑到公墓，真可谓方方面面，无所不包。
( )。
互联网带来的变革也具有全方位和总体性特征，美育资源的重组也有多个层面。
最基础的是传统美育资源的数字化，把文字、线条、歌曲、影像乃至诗歌、小说、色块、唱腔、旋律、镜头等转化为可在网路空间再现、传输和存储的形态。
从而为互联网美育所用。
进一步则是将那些因网而生的新的文化能力、文化样态和文化活动转化为美育资源。
比如，动漫、网游等作为一种的网络文艺形态已受到越来越多人重视，但其美育价值还远未得到发掘。
事实上，动慢、手游、网游以及各种新媒体艺术展等文化产品或活动，都给人以美的熏陶，并激发人对自然、历史、文化和生活的思考，无不具有美育意义。
应该说，类似资源并非隐藏在网络世界深处，相反，它们完全体现在认识美、鉴赏美、创造美的网络活动之中，只是由于这种活动与我们固有的美育经验重叠较少，因而需要全新的眼光、思维和话语，方能加以认识、激活和运用。
1、依次填入文中横线上的词语，全都恰当的一项是(2分)A．描绘汗牛充栋新鲜不可捉摸B．描绘包罗万象新兴不可捉摸C．描写包罗万象新鲜高深莫测D．描写汗牛充栋新兴高深莫测2、下列列在文中括号内补写的语句，衔接最恰当的一项是(2分) ( )A．时代在进步，首要的显然是互联网，今天我们必须把这份名单进一步延长B．时代在进步，今天我们显然首要的是必须把这份名单进一步延长到互联网C．时代在进步。
河北省衡水市衡水中学2020届高三上学期期中考试数学(理)试题 Word版含解析
2019-2020学年度高三年级上学期期中考试数学试卷(理科)一、选择题1.已知曲线()cos 3f x x x x =+在点()()0,0f 处的切线与直线410ax y ++=垂直，则实数a 的值为（ ） A. -4 B. -1C. 1D. 4【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】先求出()f x 在点()()0,0f 处的切线斜率，然后利用两直线垂直的条件可求出a 的值. 【详解】由题意，()cos sin 3f x x x x '=-+，()0cos034f '=+=，则曲线()f x 在点()()0,0f 处的切线斜率为4，由于切线与直线410ax y ++=垂直，则414a -⨯=-，解得1a =.故选C.【点睛】本题考查了导数的几何意义，考查了两直线垂直的性质，考查了计算能力，属于基础题.2.已知各项不为0的等差数列{}n a 满足2578220a a a -+=，数列{}n b 是等比数列且77b a =，则212b b 等于（ ）A.49B.32C.94D.23【答案】C 【解析】由题意可得：()()2225787777722222320a a a a d a a d a a -+=--++=-=，7730,2a a ≠∴=Q ，则：222127794b b b a ===. 本题选择C 选项.3.对于函数()f x ，若存在区间[,]A m n =使得{|(),}y y f x x A A =∈=则称函数()f x 为“同域函数”，区间A 为函数()f x 的一个“同城区间”.给出下列四个函数：①()cos2f x x π=；②2()1f x x =-；③2()|1|f x x =-；④2()log (1)f x x =-.存在“同域区间”的“同域函数”的序号是（ ） A. ①②③ B. ①②C. ②③D. ①②④【答案】A 【解析】 ①()cos2f x x π= ，x∈[0，1]时，f （x ）∈[0，1]，所以①存在同域区间；②()21f x x =-，x∈[-1，0]时，f （x ）∈[-1，0]，所以②存在同域区间；③()21f x x =-，x∈[0，1]时，f （x ）∈[0，1]，所以③存在同域区间；④()()2log 1f x x =-，判断该函数是否有同域区间，即判断该函数和函数y=x 是否有两个交点；而根据这两个函数图象可以看出不存在交点，所以该函数不存在同域区间．故答案为①②③．点睛：本题主要考查了对同域函数及同域区间的理解，涉及到二次函数、余弦函数的值域的求解，函数图像的相交等，属于难题.本题在判断邻域时，需要知道通过判断函数f （x ）和函数y=x 图象交点的情况来判断函数是否存在同域区间的方法．4.设θ为两个非零向量,a b r r的夹角，已知对任意实数t ，b ta +r r 的最小值为1，下列说法正确的是（ ）A. 若θ确定，则a r唯一确定 B. 若θ确定，则b r唯一确定 C. 若a r确定，则θ唯一确定D. 若b r确定，则θ唯一确定【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】对式子b ta +r r 平方转化成关于t 的二次函数，再利用最小值为1，得到()221cos 1b θ-=r ，进而判断θ与b r之间的关系．【详解】222222222cos b ta b ta b t a a t a b t b θ+=+⋅+=+⋅⋅+r r r r r r r r r r .因为min1b ta+=r r ，所以()2222222244cos 1cos 14a b a b b aθθ⋅-⋅=-=r r r r r r .所以22sin 1b θ=r ，所以sin 1b θ=r ，即1sin b θ=r .所以θ确定，b r 唯一确定.故选B.【点睛】本题考查向量模的最值、数量积运算、向量夹角等知识，考查与二次函数进行交会，求解时不能被复杂的表达式搞晕，而是要抓住问题的本质，始终把22||,||a b r r 看成实数．5.已知点(),P x y 是直线224y x =-上一动点，PM 与PN 是圆()22:11C x y +-=的两条切线，,M N 为切点，则四边形PMCN 的最小面积为( ) A.43B.23C.53D.56【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】利用当CP 与直线224y x =-垂直时，PC 取最小值，并利用点到直线的距离公式计算出PC 的最小值，然后利用勾股定理计算出PM 、PN 的最小值，最后利用三角形的面积公式可求出四边形PMCN 面积的最小值． 【详解】如下图所示：由切线的性质可知，CM PM ⊥，CN PN ⊥，且PCM PCN ∆≅∆，2221PM PN PC CMPC ==-=-当PC 取最小值时，PM 、PN 也取得最小值，显然当CP 与直线24y x =-垂直时，PC 取最小值，且该最小值为点()0,1C 到直线224y x=-的距离，即()()min221453221PC--==+-，此时，22min min min541133PM PN PC⎛⎫==-=-=⎪⎝⎭，∴四边形PMCN面积的最小值为min11442212233PM CM⨯⋅=⨯⨯⨯=，故选A.【点睛】本题考查直线与圆的位置关系，考查切线长的计算以及四边形的面积，本题在求解切线长的最小值时，要抓住以下两点：（1）计算切线长应利用勾股定理，即以点到圆心的距离为斜边，切线长与半径为两直角边；（2）切线长取最小值时，点到圆心的距离也取到最小值．6.已知函数()sin()(0,0,0)2f x A wx Aπϕωϕ=+>><<的部分图象如图所示，则3()4fπ=（）A.22- B.12- C. 1- D. 22【答案】C【解析】【分析】根据图像最低点求得A，根据函数图像上两个特殊点求得,ωϕ的值，由此求得函数()f x解析式，进而求得3π4f⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭的值.【详解】根据图像可知，函数图像最低点为7π,212⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭，故2A=，所以()2sin()f x xωϕ=+，将点(7π3,,212⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭代入()f x 解析式得2sin 37π2sin 212ϕωϕ⎧=⎪⎨⎛⎫+=-⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎩，解得2π3ωϕ=⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩，故()π2sin 23f x x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭，所以3π3ππ2sin 21443f ⎛⎫⎛⎫=⨯+=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，故选C.【点睛】本小题主要考查根据三角函数图象求三角函数解析式，并求三角函数值，属于中档题.7.已知函数1()4sin cos 2f x x x =-，若()()f x a f x a -=-+恒成立，则实数a 的最小正值为（ ） A. 2π B. πC.2π D.4π 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】先化简f (x ),分析出f (x )本身的最小正周期T ，再根据()()f x a f x a -=-+分析出用a 表示f (x )的最小正周期，最后根据两者相等，求得a 的最小正值． 【详解】由1()4sin cos 2f x x x =-，则1()2sin 22f x x =-，所以f (x )的最小正周期T=π 因为()()f x a f x a -=-+，则',()(2)x x a f x f x a =+=-+‘，令则，，这f (x )的最小正周期T=4a ,所以4a =π，所以实数a 的最小正值是4π，故答案选D 【点睛】本题主要考察带绝对值三角函数的的周期，同时要会通过函数满足的关系式，分析函数周期8.设n S 为数列{}n a 的前n 项和，11a =，12n n a S +=，则数列1{}na 的前20项和为（ ） A.1931223-⨯ B.1971443-⨯ C.1831223-⨯ D.1871443-⨯【答案】D 【解析】12n n a S +=，∴12n n a S -= 相减得()132n n a a n +=≥ 由11a =得出2212,3a a a =≠()21,123,2n n n a n -=⎧⎪=⎨≥⎪⎩ ，1n a =21,111,223n n n -=⎧⎪⎨⎛⎫≥ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩011812201111111......1......2333a a a ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫∴+++=++++⎢⎥ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎢⎥⎣⎦ 191911113131111222313⎡⎤⎛⎫-⎢⎥⎪⎡⎤⎛⎫⎝⎭⎢⎥=+=+⋅-⎢⎥ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎢⎥⎣⎦-⎢⎥⎣⎦= 1871443-⨯ 故选D点睛：已知数列的n a 与n S 的等量关系，往往是再写一项，作差处理得出递推关系，一定要注意n 的范围，有的时候要检验n=1的时候，本题就是检验n=1,不符合，通项是分段的.9.椭圆22221(0)x y a b a b+=>>的左右焦点分别是1F 、2F ，以2F 为圆心的圆过椭圆的中心，且与椭圆交于点P ，若直线1PF 恰好与圆2F 相切于点P ，则椭圆的离心率为（ ） A.31+ B.31C.22D.51- 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】根据椭圆的定义可知12||||2PF PF a +=，又1PF 恰好与圆2F 相切于点P ，可知2||PF c =且12PF PF ⊥，即可列出方程求椭圆的离心率.【详解】由1PF 恰好与圆2F 相切于点P ，可知2||PF c =，且 12PF PF ⊥，又12||||2PF PF a +=，可知1||2PF a c =-，在12Rt PF F ∆中，222(2)4a c c c -+=，即2222a ac c -= 所以2220,(0,1)e e e +-=∈，解得212312e -==， 故选：B【点睛】本题主要考查了椭圆的定义，椭圆的简单几何性质，圆的切线的性质，属于中档题. 10.已知函数()sin 3f x a x x =的图像的一条对称轴为直线56x π=，且12()()4f x f x ⋅=-，则12x x +的最小值为( )A. 3π-B. 0C.3π D.23π 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】运用辅助角公式，化简函数()f x 的解析式，由对称轴的方程，求得a 的值，得出函数()f x 的解析式，集合正弦函数的最值，即可求解，得到答案.【详解】由题意，函数2()sin 33sin()(f x a x x a x θθ==++为辅助角)， 由于函数的对称轴的方程为56x π=，且53()622a f π=+， 即23322a a +=+1a =，所以()2sin()3f x x π=-， 又由12()()4f x f x ⋅=-，所以函数必须取得最大值和最小值，所以可设11152,6x k k Z ππ=+∈，2222,6x k k Z ππ=-∈， 所以1212222,3x x k k k Z πππ+=++∈， 当120k k ==时，12x x +的最小值23π，故选D.【点睛】本题主要考查了正弦函数的图象与性质，其中解答中利用三角恒等变换的公式，化简函数的解析式，合理利用正弦函数的对称性与最值是解答的关键，着重考查了分析问题和解答问题的能力，属于中档试题.11.若函数321()(3)3x f x e x kx kx =--+只有一个极值点，则k 的取值范围为()A. (,)e -∞B. (0,]eC. (,2)-∞D. (0,2]【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】利用函数求导函数 f ′（x ）＝e x （x ﹣2）﹣kx 2+2kx ＝（x ﹣2）（e x ﹣kx ），只有一个极值点时f ′（x ）＝0只有一个实数解，有e x ﹣kx ≥0，设新函数设u （x ）＝e x ，v （x ）＝kx ，等价转化数形结合法即可得出结论，【详解】解：函数f （x ）＝e x （x ﹣3）﹣13kx 3+kx 2只有一个极值点， f ′（x ）＝e x （x ﹣2）﹣kx 2+2kx ＝（x ﹣2）（e x ﹣kx ）， 若函数f （x ）＝e x （x ﹣3）﹣13kx 3+kx 2只有一个极值点，f ′（x ）＝0只有一个实数解， 则：e x ﹣kx ≥0， 从而得到：e x ≥kx ， 当k ＝0 时，成立．当k ≠0时，设u （x ）＝e x ，v （x ）＝kx如图：当两函数相切时，k ＝e ，此时得到k 的最大值，但k ＜0时不成立． 故k 的取值范围为：（0，e ] 综上：k 的取值范围为：[0，e ]故选B ．【点睛】本题考查了利用导数研究函数的极值点、考查了不等式问题的等价转化方法，数形结合法，考查了推理能力，属于中档题．12.双曲线()2222100x y a b a b-=＞，＞的左右焦点分别为F 1，F 2，过F 1的直线交曲线左支于A ，B 两点，△F 2AB 是以A 为直角顶点的直角三角形，且∠AF 2B ＝30°．若该双曲线的离心率为e ，则e 2＝（ ） A. 1143+B. 1353+C. 163-D.19103-【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】设22BF m =，根据2F AB ∆是以A 为直角顶点的直角三角形，且230AF B ∠=o，以及双曲线的性质可得212(33),2(23)AF a AF a ==，再根据勾股定理求得,a c 的关系式，即可求解.【详解】由题意，设22BF m =，如图所示，因为2F AB ∆是以A 为直角顶点的直角三角形，且230AF B ∠=o， 由212AF AF a -=，所以132AF m a =-， 由212BF BF a -=，所以122BF m a =-，所以11AF BF AB +=3222m a m a m -+-=， 所以2(31)m a =，所以232(31)2(33)AF a a ==，12(33)22(23)AF a a a =-=， 在直角12F AF ∆中，222124AF AF c +=，即222224(33)4(23)4a a c +=，整理得22(19103)a c -=，所以22219103c e a==-故选D.【点睛】本题主要考查了双曲线的定义，以及双曲线的几何性质——离心率的求解，其中求双曲线的离心率(或范围)，常见有两种方法：①求出,a c ，代入公式ce a=；②只需要根据一个条件得到关于,,a b c 的齐次式，转化为,a c 的齐次式，然后转化为关于e 的方程，即可得e 的值(范围)．.二、填空题13.已知向量,,1,2a b a b ==v v v v，且210a b +=r r a b ⋅=r r ___________．【答案】12【解析】 【分析】把210a b +=r r1,2a b ==r r 代入，化简即可得结果. 【详解】因为1,2a b ==r r，所以222448410a b a a b b a b +=+⋅+=+⋅=vv v vv v v v12a b ∴⋅=v v ，故答案为12.【点睛】本题主要考查向量的模及平面向量数量积公式，属于中档题.平面向量数量积公式有两种形式，一是cos a b a b θ⋅=r r r r ，二是1212a b x x y y ⋅=+r r，主要应用以下几个方面:(1)求向量的夹角， cos a b a bθ=r r g r r g （此时a b r r g 往往用坐标形式求解）；（2）求投影，a r 在b r上的投影是a b b⋅r r r ；（3）,a b r r 向量垂直则0a b ⋅=r r ;(4)求向量ma nb +r r 的模（平方后需求a b ⋅r r ）.14.已知抛物线E ：212y x ＝的焦点为F ，准线为l ，过F 的直线m 与E 交于A ，B 两点，过A 作AM l ⊥，垂足为M ，AM 的中点为N ，若AM FN ⊥，则AB ＝___________. 【答案】16 【解析】 【分析】由题意画出图形，得到直线AB 的斜率，进一步求得直线AB 的方程，与抛物线方程联立求解即可得答案．【详解】AF AM =Q ，N 为AM 的中点，且FN AM ⊥，30AFN ∴∠=︒，则直线AB 的倾斜角为60︒，斜率为3．由抛物线212y x =，得(3,0)F ，则直线AB 的方程为3(3)y x =-．联立23(3)12y x y x⎧=-⎪⎨=⎪⎩，得21090x x -+=．则10A B x x +=， ||16A B AB x x p ∴=++=．故答案为：16．【点睛】本题考查抛物线的简单性质、直线与抛物线位置关系及抛物线过焦点弦公式的应用，属于中档题．15.已知函数21()()2x f x x x e -=-，若当1x >时，()10f x mx m -++≤有解，则m 的取值范围为________ 【答案】(1,)-+∞ 【解析】【分析】先求导数，判断函数21()()2x f x x x e -=-的单调性，可得1x >时大致图象，利用数形结合求解.【详解】()10f x mx m -++Q „()(1)1f x m x ∴--„(1)1y m x =--Q 过定点(1,1)-Q 当1x >时，()10f x mx m -++≤有解∴当1x >时,存在()y f x =在(1)1y m x =--的下方，()21()2x f x x e -'=-Q令()0f x '=，解得2x =， 当12x <<时，()0f x '<，当2x >时，()0f x '>，()f x ∴在(1,2)上递减，在(2,)+∞上递增， Q 当2x >时，()0f x >，又(1)1,(2)1,(2)0f f f =-<-=，作函数()y f x =，(1)1y m x =--的大致图象：由图象可知：1m >-时满足条件， 故答案为：(1,)-+∞【点睛】本题主要考查了利用导数研究函数的单调性、最值、图象，直线过定点，数形结合，属于难题.16.数列{}n a 为1，1，2，1，1，2，3，1，1，2，1，1，2，3，4，…，首先给出11a =，接着复制该项后，再添加其后继数2，于是21a =，32a =，然后再复制前面所有的项1，1，2，再添加2的后继数3，于是41a =，51a =，62a =，73a =，接下来再复制前面所有的项1，1，2，1，1，2，3，再添加4，…，如此继续，则2019a =______. 【答案】1 【解析】 【分析】根据数列构造方法可知：21n a n -=，即()21121n nk k a a k -+=≤<-；根据变化规律可得20192a a =，从而得到结果.【详解】由数列{}n a 的构造方法可知11a =，32a =，73a =，154a =，可得：21n a n -= 即：()21121n nk k a a k -+=≤<-201999648523010340921a a a a a a a a ∴========本题正确结果：1【点睛】本题考查根据数列的构造规律求解数列中的项，关键是能够根据构造特点得到数列各项之间的关系，考查学生的归纳总结能力.三、解答题17.如图为一块边长为2km 的等边三角形地块ABC ，为响应国家号召，现对这块地进行绿化改造，计划从BC 的中点D 出发引出两条成60o 角的线段DE 和DF ，与AB 和AC 围成四边形区域AEDF ，在该区域内种上草坪，其余区域修建成停车场，设BDE α∠=．（1）当60α=o 时，求绿化面积；（2）试求地块的绿化面积()S α的取值范围．【答案】（123；（2）333,82⎛ ⎝⎦. 【解析】 【分析】（1）根据角度可确定四边形AEDF 为平行四边形，则BDE ∆和CDF ∆均为边长为1km 的等边三角形；利用ABC BDE CDF S S S ∆∆∆--即可求得结果；（2）利用正弦定理，用α表示出BE 和CF ，利用两角和差公式、二倍角公式和辅助角公式可将BE CF +化简为()312sin 2301α+-+o，利用3090α<<o o 可求得BE CF +的范围；从而将所求面积表示为())33S BE CF α=+，进而得到所求范围. 【详解】（1）当60α=o 时，//DE AC ，//DF AB∴四边形AEDF 为平行四边形，则BDE ∆和CDF ∆均为边长为1km 的等边三角形又)2122sin 6032ABC S km ∆=⨯⨯⨯=o ，)21311sin 602BDE CDF S S km ∆∆==⨯⨯⨯=o ∴)23332km =（2）由题意知：3090α<<o o在BDE ∆中，120BED α∠=-o，由正弦定理得：()sin sin 120BE αα=-o在CDF ∆中，120CDF α∠=︒-，CFD α∠= 由正弦定理得：()sin 120sin CF αα-=o()()()()22sin 120sin sin 120sin sin sin 120sin 120sin BE CF αααααααα-+-∴+=+=--o o o o2222231533sin sin sin cos cos 24243131sin cos sin sin cos sin ααααααααααααα⎫++⎪+⎝⎭==⎛⎫+⋅+ ⎪⎝⎭()23341112sin 2301313sin 2cos 21sin cos sin αααααα==+=+-+-++o3090α<<ooQ 30230150α∴<-<o o o ()1sin 23012α∴<-≤o ()352122sin 2301α∴≤+<-+o，即52,2BE CF ⎡⎫+∈⎪⎢⎣⎭()())133sin 6032ABC BDE CDF S S S S BE CF BE CF α∆∆∆∴=--=+=+o 52,2BE CF ⎡⎫+∈⎪⎢⎣⎭Q )33333BE CF +∈⎝⎦即绿化面积()S α的取值范围为：3382⎛⎝⎦ 【点睛】本题考查解三角形知识的实际应用问题，涉及到正弦定理和三角形面积公式的应用、三角恒等变换中的两角和差公式、二倍角公式和辅助角公式的应用；求解范围类问题的关键是能够构造出关于某一变量的函数，从而利用函数求值域的方法求得结果.18.已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，等比数列{}n b 的前n 项和为n T ，且11a =，11b =，224a b +=.（1）若337a b +=，求{}n b 的通项公式； （2）若313T =，求5S .【答案】（1）12n n b -=；（2）5或75.【解析】 【分析】（1）设等差数列{}n a 公差为d ，等比数列{}n b 公比为()0q q ≠，由已知条件求出q ，再写出通项公式；（2）由1313T =，求出q 的值，再求出d 的值，求出5S .【详解】设等差数列{}n a 公差为d ，等比数列{}n b 公比为()0q q ≠有()14d q ++=，即3d q +=.（1）∵()2127d q ++=，结合3d q +=得2q =，∴12n n b -=.（2）∵23113T q q =++=，解得4q =-或3，当4q =-时，7d =，此时55457752S ⨯=+⨯=； 当3q =时，0d =，此时5155S a ==.【点睛】本题主要考查等差数列与等比数列的通项公式、等差数列的前n 项和公式，属于中档题. 等差数列基本量的运算是等差数列的一类基本题型，数列中的五个基本量1,,,,,n n a d n a S 一般可以“知二求三”，通过列方程组所求问题可以迎刃而解，另外，解等差数列问题要注意应用等差数列的性质2p q m n r a a a a a +=+=（2p q m n r +=+=）与前n 项和的关系.19.已知圆22:(2)(1)1D x y -+-=，点A 在抛物线2:4C y x =上，O 为坐标原点，直线OA 与圆D 有公共点.（1）求点A 横坐标的取值范围；（2）如图，当直线OA 过圆心D 时，过点A 作抛物线的切线交y 轴于点B ，过点B 引直线l 交抛物线C 于,P Q 两点，过点P 作x 轴的垂线分别与直线,OA OQ 交于,M N ，求证：M 为PN 中点.【答案】（1）)9,4A x ⎡∈+∞⎢⎣（2）见证明【解析】 【分析】（1）设:OA l y kx =，联立抛物线，再利用圆D 与直线相交建立不等式，从而确定点A 横坐标的取值范围；（2）可先找到函数关系式，利用导数确定切线的斜率，设221212:4,,,,44y y l y mx P y Q y ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，利用韦达定理即可证明M 为PN 中点.【详解】解：（1）由题意直线OA 斜率存在且不为零，设:OA l y kx =2244A y kx x y xk =⎧⇒=⎨=⎩ ()2,1D 到:0OA l kx y -=22141031k k k -≤⇒≤≤+， 所以)9,4A x ⎡∈+∞⎢⎣（2）当直线OA 过圆心()2,1D 时，()214,16,16,82A k x A k=== ()2402y x y y x y x'=>⇒=⇒=，所以1614AB x k y -='=， ()18164AB l y x -=-：即144y x =+， 所以()04B ，，设221212:4,,,,44y y l y mx P y Q y ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭， 由214:,:2OA OQ l y x l y x y ==得22112,8M N y y y y y ==22441604y mx my y y x=+⎧⇒-+=⎨=⎩，所以1212416,y y y y m m +== ()222211121112124+=2164P N M y y y y y y m y y y y y y y m+=+===，即M 为PN 中点．【点睛】本题主要考查了直线与圆，抛物线的位置关系，切线问题等，综合性强，直线与圆的相关计算常考点到直线的距离公式，必须熟记.20.已知等差数列{}n a 的公差(0,]d π∈，数列{}n b 满足sin()n n b a =，集合*{|,}n S x x b n ==∈N .（1）若10a =，23d π=，求集合S ； （2）若12a π=，求d 使得集合S 恰有两个元素；（3）若集合S 恰有三个元素，n T n b b +=，T 是不超过5的正整数，求T 的所有可能值，并写出与之相应的一个等差数列{}n a 的通项公式及集合S . 【答案】（1）33,22⎧⎫⎪⎪-⎨⎬⎪⎪⎩⎭；（2）23π或π；（3）3T =或4，3T =时，23n a n π=，33S ⎧⎫⎪⎪=⎨⎬⎪⎪⎩⎭；4T =时，2n a n π=，{}0,1,1S =-【解析】 【分析】（1）根据等差数列的通项公式写出n a ，进而求出n b ，再根据周期性求解；（2）由集合S 的元素个数，分析数列{}n b 的周期，进而可求得答案；（3）分别令1T =，2，3，4，5进行验证，判断T 的可能取值，并写出与之相应的一个等差数列{}n a 的通项公式及集合S 【详解】（1）Q 等差数列{}n a 的公差(0d ∈，]π，数列{}n b 满足sin()n n b a =，集合{}*|,n S x x b n N ==∈．∴当120,3a d π==， 所以集合3{S =03}． （2）Q 12a π=，数列{}n b 满足sin()n n b a =，集合{}*|,n S x x b n N ==∈恰好有两个元素，如图：根据三角函数线，①等差数列{}n a 的终边落在y 轴的正负半轴上时，集合S 恰好有两个元素，此时d π=，②1a 终边落在OA 上，要使得集合S 恰好有两个元素，可以使2a ，3a 的终边关于y 轴对称，如图OB ，OC ，此时23d π=， 综上，23d π=或者d π=．（3）①当3T =时，3n n b b +=，集合1{S b =，2b ，3}b ，符合题意．与之相应的一个等差数列{}n a 的通项公式为23n a n π=，此时33,,022S ⎧⎫⎪⎪=-⎨⎬⎪⎪⎩⎭. ②当4T=时，4n n b b +=，sin(4)sin n n a d a +=，42n n a d a k π+=+，或者42n n a d k a π+=-，等差数列{}n a 的公差(0d ∈，]π，故42n n a d a k π+=+，2k d π=，又1k ∴=，2 当1k =时满足条件，此时{0S =，1，1}-． 与之相应的一个等差数列{}n a 的通项公式为2n a n π=，此时{}0,1,1S =-【点睛】本题考查等差数列的通项公式、集合元素的性质以及三角函数的周期性，是一道综合题．21.已知函数()(1)ln f x x x =-,3()ln eg x x x =--. （Ⅰ）求函数()f x 的单调区间；（Ⅱ）令()()()(0)h x mf x g x m =+>两个零点1212,()x x x x <，证明：121ex e x +>+. 【答案】（Ⅰ）()f x 在(0,1)上单调递减，在[1,)+∞上单调递增.（Ⅱ）见证明 【解析】 【分析】（Ⅰ）求得函数的导数1()ln 1f x x x=+-'，且()01f '=，进而利用导数的符号，即可求得函数单调区间；（Ⅱ）由3()(1)ln ln h x m x x x x e=-+--有两个零点，利用导数求得函数()h x 的单调性与最值，结合图象，即可得出证明．【详解】（Ⅰ）由题意，函数()(1)ln f x x x =-，则1()ln 1f x x x=+-'，且()01f '=， 当01x <<时，()0f x '<，函数()f x 单调递减； 当1x ≥时，()0f x '≥，函数()f x 单调递增；所以函数()f x 在(0,1)上单调递减，在[1,)+∞上单调递增. （Ⅱ）由3()(1)ln ln h x m x x x x e=-+--有两个零点可知 由11()(1ln )1h x m x x x-'=++-且0m >可知， 当01x <<时，()0h x '<，函数()h x 单调递减； 当1x ≥时，()0h x '≥，函数()h x 单调增；即()h x 的最小值为3(1)10h e=-<， 因此当1x e=时，1113(1)2()(1)(1)(1)0m e e h m e e e e e -+-=--+---=>， 可知()h x 在1(,1)e上存在一个零点；当x e =时，3()(1)10h e m e e e=-+-->， 可知()h x 在(1,)e 上也存在一个零点，因此211x x e e -<-，即121x e x e+>+. 【点睛】本题主要考查导数在函数中的综合应用，以及不等式的证明，着重考查了转化与化归思想、分类讨论、及逻辑推理能力与计算能力，对于恒成立问题，通常要构造新函数，利用导数研究函数的单调性，求出最值，进而得出相应的含参不等式，从而求出参数的取值范围；也可分离变量，构造新函数，直接把问题转化为函数的最值问题．22.已知椭圆C ：22221(0)y x a b a b +=>>的离心率为22，且过定点2M . （1)求椭圆C 的方程；（2)已知直线1:()3l y kx k R =-∈与椭圆C 交于,A B 两点，试问在y 轴上是否存在定点P ，使得以弦AB 为直径的圆恒过点P ？若存在，求出点P 的坐标和PAB ∆的面积的最大值；若不存在，请说明理由． 【答案】(1) 2224155y x += (2)见解析 【解析】【分析】（1）本问考查了椭圆的离心率公式，以及椭圆的方程、性质，通过条件构建关于基本量,,a b c 的方程组，求解即可．（2）本题考查了直线与椭圆的位置关系，利用条件以弦AB 为直径的圆恒过点P ，将几何关系代数化，利用韦达定理建立方程，判断方程是否有解．【详解】解：（1)由已知22222222522511142c e a a b c a b a b⎧==⎪⎧=⎪⎪⎪⎪+=⇒⎨⎨⎪⎪=⎪⎪+=⎩⎪⎩，椭圆C 的方程为2224155y x +=.（2)由221324155y kx y x ⎧=-⎪⎪⎨⎪+=⎪⎩得229(24)12430k x kx +--=.① 设1122(,),(,)A x y B x y ，则12,x x 方程①的两根， 1212221243,9(24)9(24)k x x x x k k ∴+==-++ 设(0,)P p ，则1122(,),(,)PA x y p PB x y p =-=-u u u r u u u r ，22121212121212112()()()()333p PA PB x x y y p y y p x x kx kx pk x x p ⋅=+-++=+---+++u u u r u u u r 2222(1845)3624399(24)p k p p k -++-=+ 假设在y 轴上存在定点P ，使得以弦AB 为直径的圆恒过点P ，则PA PB ⊥u u u r u u u r ，即0PA PB ⋅=u u u r u u u r ，即222(1845)3624390p k p p -++-=对任意k ∈R 恒成立，22184503624390p p p ⎧-=∴⎨+-=⎩此方程组无解，∴不存在定点满足条件． 【点睛】本题的关键是将条件“以弦AB 为直径的圆恒过点P ”，几何关系代数化，和联立方程组得到的韦达定理联系起来，建立关于参数p 的方程．。
河北省衡水中学2020届高三年级上学期期中考试(精校版)
河北省衡水中学2020届高三年级上学期期中考试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
共12页，满分90分，考试时间90分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共40分）―、选择题（每小题1分，共40分。
从每小题给出的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑）1.下列关于细胞的叙述，正确的是（）A.细胞骨架由磷脂构成，对细胞起到了支撑、保护等作用B.细胞膜成分的更新一定伴随着分泌蛋白的分泌C.发菜和小球藻都是能将二氧化碳转化成糖类的原核生物D.当植物细胞处于质壁分离状态时，仍可能从外界吸收矿质元素2.下列说法不正确的是（）A.许多植物细胞的液泡中含有能水解破坏真菌细胞壁的酶B.某些蛋白质在通过膜时可以不引起膜面积的改变C.核糖体在不同的细胞中执行的功能是相同的D.不同类型的肺炎双球菌形成的菌落是相同的3.下列有关细胞结构和功能的叙述，正确的是（）A.—个动物细胞中只含有一个中心体，高等植物细胞中没有中心体B.用胰蛋白酶处理生物膜，生物膜的组成成分及通透性都会发生改变C.线粒体是有氧呼吸的主要场所，其外膜上有运输葡萄糖和氧气的载体蛋白D.溶酶体内含有多种呼吸氧化酶，能分解衰老、损伤的细胞器4.下列有关细胞生命历程的叙述，错误的是（）A.生物体中被病原体感染的细胞的清除是由基因调控的B.细胞衰老的过程中，细胞的体积变小，细胞核的体积增大C.细胞癌变的过程中，一定会发生染色体上基因排列顺序的变化D.高度分化的植物细胞只有处于离体状态时才有可能表现出全能性5.下列关于细胞中化合物的说法，正确的是（）A.多糖是细胞生命活动所需的主要能源物质，常被称为“生命的燃料”B.二糖必须水解成单糖才能被细胞吸收，二糖水解时需要结合水参与C.淀粉和糖原结构不同，根本原因是催化二者形成的酶的类型不同D.等量的脂肪比糖类含能量多，却不是生物体利用的主要能源物质6.线粒体外膜上的蛋白A可与蛋白B结合，细胞产生的活性氧核素可导致蛋白A释放与之结合的蛋白B。
河北衡水中学2020届高三上学期期中考试英语试题(原卷版)
........................河北衡水中学2019-2020学年度上学期高三年级期中考试英语试卷本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the man want to go?A. A railway station.B. A post office.C. The seaside.2. What happened to the woman?A. She woke up late.B. She got to work late.C. She went to sleep late.3. What is the woman doing now?A. Baking cookies.B. Making a list.C. Shopping for groceries.4. How does the woman feel about the zoo?A. Sad.B. Impressed.C. Disappointed.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Young people lose their jobs easily.B. Young people are too quick in making decisions.C. Young people seldom stay long in the same job.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
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河北省衡水中学2020届高三年级上学期期中考试语文一、语言文字运用(6分)阅读下面的文字，完成1一3题。
“暮春者，泰服既成，冠者五六人，童子六七人，浴乎沂，风乎舞雩，咏而归”，表达了中国古贤的人生意趣，也了古人向往的美育图景。
美育在中国历史和文化语境中从来不是一技一艺的传习，也不是理论概念的记诵，而是全身心的文化沉浸和场景感受，因而具有总体性特征。
与之相应，中国美育资源也。
皎皎明月、悠悠晴空、山峦溪流、市井勾栏，万事万物都拨动着人们的心绪。
这是我国美育的特色和传统，应在新的时代条件下继承和弘扬，这就要求美育资源的重组。
蔡元培在《美育实施的方法》中就提出过，美育要从家庭、学校、社会入手，社会美育又包括从美术馆、剧院到博物馆，从道路、建筑到公墓，真可谓方方面面，无所不包。
( )。
互联网带来的变革也具有全方位和总体性特征，美育资源的重组也有多个层面。
最基础的是传统美育资源的数字化，把文字、线条、歌曲、影像乃至诗歌、小说、色块、唱腔、旋律、镜头等转化为可在网路空间再现、传输和存储的形态。
从而为互联网美育所用。
进一步则是将那些因网而生的新的文化能力、文化样态和文化活动转化为美育资源。
比如，动漫、网游等作为一种的网络文艺形态已受到越来越多人重视，但其美育价值还远未得到发掘。
事实上，动慢、手游、网游以及各种新媒体艺术展等文化产品或活动，都给人以美的熏陶，并激发人对自然、历史、文化和生活的思考，无不具有美育意义。
应该说，类似资源并非隐藏在网络世界深处，相反，它们完全体现在认识美、鉴赏美、创造美的网络活动之中，只是由于这种活动与我们固有的美育经验重叠较少，因而需要全新的眼光、思维和话语，方能加以认识、激活和运用。
1、依次填入文中横线上的词语，全都恰当的一项是(2分)A．描绘汗牛充栋新鲜不可捉摸B．描绘包罗万象新兴不可捉摸C．描写包罗万象新鲜高深莫测D．描写汗牛充栋新兴高深莫测2、下列列在文中括号内补写的语句，衔接最恰当的一项是(2分) ( )A．时代在进步，首要的显然是互联网，今天我们必须把这份名单进一步延长B．时代在进步，今天我们显然首要的是必须把这份名单进一步延长到互联网C．时代在进步。
今天我们必须把这份名单进一步延长，首要的显然是互联网D．今天我们必须把这份名单进…步延长，时代在进步，首要的显然是互联网3、文中画横线的句子有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是(2分)A．把诗歌、文字、歇曲、影像乃至小说、线条、色块、唱腔、旋律、镜头等转化为可在网络空闻存储、再现和传输的形态。
从而为互联网美育所用。
B．把诗歌、文字、歌曲、影像乃至小说、线条、色块、唱腔、旋律、镜头等转化为可在网络空闻传输、再现和存储的形态，从而为豆联网美育所用。
C．把诗歌、小说、歌曲、影像乃至文字、线条、色块、唱腔、旋律、镜头等转化为可在网络空间存储、再现和传输的形态，从而为互联网美育所用。
D．把诗歌、小说、歌曲、影像乃至文字、线条、色块、唱腔、旋律、镜头等转化为可在网络空间传输、再现和存储的形态，从而为互联网美育所用。
二、古代诗文阕读(37分)(一)文言文阅读(本题共4小题，19分)阅读下面的文言文，完成4一7题。
(建安二十二年)夏，四月，诏魏王操设天子旌族，出入称警跸。
六月，魏以军师华歆为御史大夫。
冬，十月，命魏王操冕十有二旒，乘金根车，驾六马，设五时副车。
魏以五官中郎将丕为太子。
初，魏王操娶丁夫人，无子；妾刘氏，生子昂；卞氏生四子：丕、彰、植、熊。
王使丁夫人母养昂。
昂死于穰，丁夫人哭泣无节，操怒而出之，以卞氏为继室。
植性机警，多艺能，才藻敏赡，操爱之。
操欲以女妻丁仪。
丕以仪目眇，谏止之。
仪由是怨丕，与弟黄门侍郎廙及丞相主簿杨修，数称临菑侯植之才，劝操立以为嗣。
修，彪之子也。
操以函密访于外尚书崔琰露版答曰《春秋》之义立子以长加五官将仁孝聪明宜承正统琰以死守之植，琰之兄女婿也。
尚书仆射毛玠曰：“近者袁绍以嫡庶不分，覆宗灭国。
废立大事，非所宜闻。
”东曹掾邢颙曰：”以庶代宗，先世之戒也，愿殿下深察之。
”丕使人问太中大夫贾诩以自固之术。
诩曰：“愿将军恢崇德度，躬素士之业，朝夕孜孜，不违子道，如此而已。
”丕从之，深自砥砺。
他日，操屏人问诩，诩嘿然不对。
操曰：“与卿言，而不答，何也?”诩曰：“属有所思，故不即对耳。
”操曰：“何思?”诩曰：“思袁本初、刘景升父子也。
”操大笑。
操尝出征。
丕、植并送路侧，植称述功德，发言有章，左右属目，操亦悦焉。
丕怅然自失，济阴吴质耳语曰：“王当行，流涕可也。
”及辞，丕涕泣而拜，操及左右咸歔欷，于是皆以植多华辞而诚心不及也。
植既任性而行，不自雕饰，五官将御之以术，矫情自饰，宫人左右并为之称说，故遂定为太子。
左右长御贺卞夫人曰：“将军拜太子，天下莫不喜，夫人当倾府藏以赏赐。
”夫人曰：“王自以丕年大，故用为嗣。
我但当以免无教导之过为幸耳，亦何为当重赐遗乎!”长御还，具以语操，操悦，曰：“怒不变容，喜不失节，故最为难。
”太子抱议郎辛毗颈而言曰：“辛君知我喜不?”毗以告其女宪英，宪英叹曰：“太子，代君主宗庙、社稷者也。
代君，不可以不戚；主国，不可以不惧。
宜戚宜惧，而反以为喜，何以能久!魏其不昌乎!”久之，临菑侯植乘车行驰道中，开司马门出。
操大怒，公车令坐死。
由是重诸侯科禁。
而植宠日衰。
植妻衣绣，操登台见之，以违制命，还家赐死。
(节选自《资治通鉴》)4、下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是(3分) ( )A．操以函密访于外／尚书崔琰露版答曰／《春秋》之义／立子以长／加五官将仁孝聪明／宜承正统／琰以死守之／B．操以函／密访于外／尚书崔琰露版答曰／《春秋》之义／立子以长／加五官将仁孝聪明／宜承正统／琰以死守之／C．操以函／密访于外／尚书崔琰露版答曰／《春秋》之义／立子以长／加五官将／仁孝聪明／宜承正统／琰以死守之／D．操以函密访于外／尚书崔琰露版答曰／《春秋》之义／立子以长／加五官将／仁孝聪明／宜承正统／琰以死守之／5、下列对文中加点的词语相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是(3分) ( ’A．建安是西汉末年汉献帝的第三个年号，这个时期朝廷的政治大权先后由董卓和曹操所掌握，皇权被架空。
B．太子，在两汉可指皇帝或诸侯王的继承人，但唯皇储称“皇太子”。
汉以后，诸侯王的继承人改称“世子”。
C．宗庙，帝王或诸侯祭祀祖宗构处所。
古礼规定天子七庙，诸侯五庙，大夫三庙，士一庙，庶人不得设庙。
D．《资治通鉴》是由司马光主编的一部多卷本编年体史书，记载了从东周到五代后周16朝的历史。
6、下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是(3分) ( )A．曹操立曹丕为太子时，已经掌握朝政大权。
汉献帝允许他可用皇帝专用的旌旗，出入同帝王一样称警跸，即实行戒严和清道，正是他权倾朝野的体现。
B．曹丕在太子之位的争夺中，一开始形势不利。
因为他曾劝止父亲把女儿嫁给丁仪，把丁仪丁廙逼到了曹植阵营。
幸好有崔琰等人竭力劝诫曹操。
C．曹丕能顺利登上太子之位，离不开谋臣帮助。
如贾诩不但告诉他要巩固地位需要发扬德行和气度，还直接劝告曹操吸取袁绍和刘表的教训。
D．曹植最终在争夺战中落败，与性格缺陷有关。
他做事任性，言行不加掩饰，不像曹丕善于博取周围人的好感，他还乘车在驰道行驶，激怒了曹操。
7、把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
(10分)(1)及辞，丕涕泣而拜，操及左右咸歔欷，于是皆以植多华辞而诚心不及也。
(5分)(2)植妻衣绣，操登台见之，以违制命，还家赐死。
(5分)(二)古代诗歌阅读(本题共4小题，18分)阅读下面这首唐诗，完成8～9题。
蓟中作高适策马自沙漠，长驱登塞垣。
边城何萧条，白日黄云昏。
一到征战处，每愁胡虏翻。
岂无安边书，诸将已承恩。
惆怅孙吴事，归来独闭门。
【注】蓟中：指蓟城。
在今北京大兴西南。
翻；同“反”，反叛。
安边书：安定边疆的策略。
诸将：指安禄山等人。
孙吴事：指孙武、吴起用兵之事。
孙武，春秋齐国人，古代著名军事家。
吴起，战国时卫国人，曾任魏国将军，大败秦兵。
8、下列对这首诗的赏析，不正确的一项是(3分) ( )A，开篇“策马自沙漠，长驱登塞垣”以“沙漠”“塞垣”等意象，勾勒出一幅浩瀚壮阔的边塞图画。
“策马”“长驱”和“登”三个动作，勾画出一个勇赴国难的英雄形象。
B．第三、四句“边城何萧条，白日黄云昏”，由远及近地描绘了诗人登上塞垣时所见的“萧条”景象。
一个“何”字，突出了主人公的感慨之深，忧愁之重。
C．第五、六句“一到征战处，每愁胡虏翻”深刻揭露了前文“边城何萧条”的根源，“一到”“每愁”两个词对举，突显边患的程度之深和时间延续之久。
D．第七、八句“岂无安边书，诸将已承恩”是诗人由边患不止而引发的激愤之语。
“岂无”以强有力的反诘对统治者进行了抨击，也表现出自己安边定远的信心。
9、全诗最后一联写到“惆帐孙吴事，归来独闭门”，诗人“惆怅”的原因有哪些?请简要概括。
(6分)阅读下面这首唐诗，完成10－11题。
金陵怀古许浑玉树歌残王气终，景阳兵合戍楼空。
松楸远近千官冢，禾黍高低六代宫。
石燕拂云晴亦雨，江豚吹浪夜还风。
英雄一去豪华尽，惟有青山似洛中。
【注】残：歌声将尽。
歌，指陈后主所制的乐曲《玉树后庭花》。
王气；指王朝的气运。
景阳：南朝官名。
齐武帝置钟于楼上，官人闻钟早起妆饰。
兵合：兵马会集。
戍楼：边防驻军的瞭望楼。
石燕：《浙中记》载：“零陵有石燕，得风雨则飞翔，风雨止还为石。
”10、下列对这首诗的赏析，不正确的一项是(3分) ( )A、这首诗的首句以追述隋兵灭陈的史事发端，写南朝最后一个朝廷在陈后主所制乐曲《玉树后庭花》的靡靡之音中覆灭，全诗以此发端，可谓善抓关键。
B．颔联描写金陵的衰败景象。
“松楸”，坟墓上的树木。
诗人登高而望。
远近高低尽是松楸荒冢，残宫禾黍。
南朝的繁荣盛况，已成为历史的陈迹，无处可寻。
C．颈联用对比手法概括世间的风云变幻。
“拂云”描写石燕掠雨穿云的形象，“吹浪”表现江豚兴风鼓浪的气势。
“江豚”和“石燕”，象征历史上叱咤风雨的人物。
D．尾联照应开头，抒发了诗人对于繁华易逝的感慨。
金陵和洛阳都有群山环绕。
“惟有青山似洛中”，就是说今日的金陵只剩山川地势与六朝时依然相似。
11、这首怀古七律在选取形象方面很有讲究，请结合中间两联简要赏析。
(6分)三、文学类文本阅读(30分)阅读下面的文字，完成12一14题。
棋王(节选)阿城人是越来越多。
后来的人拼命往前挤，挤不进去，就抓住人打听，以为是杀人的告示。
妇女们也抱着孩子们，远远围成一片。
数千人闹闹嚷嚷，街上像丰空响着闷雷。
王一生坐在场当中，手放在两条腿上，眼睛虚望着，一头一脸都是土。
我给他拍一拍土。
他按住我的手，我觉出他有些抖。
他低低地说：“事情闹大了。
书包你拿着，不管怎么样，书包不能丢。
书包里有……有我妈的无字棋。
”他的瘦脸又干又脏，鼻沟也黑了，头发立着，喉咙一动一动的，两眼黑得吓人。