SCI英文写作常用词汇
(完整版)SCI写作高频词汇和常用句型
第一部分同义词替换1. about（大约）—approximately2. get —obtain3. finish —complete4. change —transform5. method —technique6. buy —purchase7. ask —inquire8. begin、start —commence9. cheap —inexpensive10. obtainable —avaible11. use —employ12. have —possess13. get —acquire14. extra —additional15. help —assistance16. about（关于）—concerning17. enlarge —magnify18. many —numerous19. best —optimum20. lively —vigorous第二部分连接词使用1.并列递进：moreover, in addition, furthermore, besides, likewise, also, then, additionally2.转折：not, yet, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, meanwhile, on the other hand, on the contrary, conversely, paradoxically, by contrast, in spite of，rather than, instead of, unfortunately3.解释：in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms4.原因：because, because of, as, since, owing to, due to, thanks to, for this reason5.举例：for example, for instance, as such, such as, take ...for example, to illustrate, to name a few6.强调：surprisingly, interestingly,intriguingly, strikingly, unexpectedly, clearly, obviously, apparently,in fact, indeed, actually, as a matter of fact, undoubtedly7.可能：presumably, probably, perhaps8.让步：although, after all, in spite of..., despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, given that9.总结：overall, eventually, consequently, in summary, in a word, as a result, together, collectively, thus, hence, consequently, on the whole, in conclusion, to sum up, in brief, to conclude, to summarize, in short, briefly10.结果：therefore, as a result, then, consequently, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence11. 对比比较：likewise, similarly, in parallel to, while, whereas第三部分常用句式1. 说明选题的重要性：X is the main / leading / primary / major cause of ..Xs are a common / useful / critical part of...Xs are among the most widely used / commonly discussed / well-known / well-documented / widespread/commonly investigated types of ...X is recognized as being / believed to be / widely considered to be the most important ...It is well known / generally accepted / common knowledge that X is (X)is increasingly becoming / set to become a vital factor in …Xs are undergoing a revolution / generating considerable interest in terms of …Xs are attracting considerable / increasing / widespread interest due to …2. 概述前人做过的研究：Last century X was considered to be / viewed as / seen as the most …Initial / Preliminary / The first studies of X considered it tobe...Tradition ally X / In the history of X, the focus has always been …Scientists / Researchers / Experts have always seen X as …Until now / For many years / Since 1993 Xs have been considered as …X has received much attention in the last two years / in the past decade / over the last two decades …For the past five years / Since 2011 there has been a rapid rise in the use of XsThe last two years have witnessed / seen a huge growth in X …The past decade / last year has seen a renewed importance in X …Recent developments in / findings regarding X have led to …X has become a central / an important / a critical issue in …3. 展望未来：The next decade is likely to see / witness a considerable rise in XIn the next few years X will become / is likely to have becomeWithin the next few years, X is set / destined / likely to become an important component in …By 2025 / Within the next ten years, X will have become …X will soon / shortly / rapidly / inevitably be an issue that …4. 指出知识上的空缺：Few researchers have addressed the problem / issue / question of …Previous work has only focused on / been limited to / failed to address …The central / core problem ofA challenging / An intriguing / An important / A neglected area in the field of...The characteristics of X are not well understood / are misunderstood / have not been dealt with in depth.It is not yet known / has not yet been established whether X can do Y. X is still poorly / not widelyunderstood.Techniques to solve X are computationally demanding / subject to high overheads / time consuming / impractical / frequently unfeasible.A major defect / difficulty / drawback / disadvantage / flaw of X is …One of the main issues in our knowledge of / what we know about X is a lack of …This particular / specific area of X has been overlooked / has b een neglected / remains unclear …Despite this interest, no one to the best of our knowledge / as far as we know has studied …Although this approach is interesting, it suffers from / fails to take into account / does not allow for…However, there is still a need for / has been little discussion on …Moreover, other solutions / research programs / approaches have failed to provide...There is stillsome / much / considerable controversy surrounding …Concerns have arisen / been raised which question / call into q uestion the validity of …In the light of recent events in x, there is now some / much / considerable concern about …5. 论述论文目标和贡献：In this report / paper / review / study we …This paper outlines / proposes / describes / presents a new approach to …This pape r examines / seeks to address / focuses on / discusses / investigates how to solve …This paper is an overview of / a review of / a report on / a preliminary attempt to ...The present paper aims to validate / call into question / refute Peng’s findings regarding …X is presented / described / analyzed / computed / investigated / examined / introduced / discussed in order to …The aim of our work / research / study / analysis was to further / extend / widen / broaden current knowledge of …The aim of this study is to study / evaluate / validate / determine / examine / analyze / calculate / estimate / formulate …This paper calls into question / takes a new look at / re-examines / revisits / sheds new light on …We undertook this study / initiated this research / de veloped this methodology to...We believe that we have found / developed / discovered / designed an innovative solution to …We describe / present / consider / analyze a novel / simple / radical / interesting solution for …。
sci词语表达
SCI词语表达
在SCI论文写作中，常用的表达方式包括：
1.“We demonstrate that…” “我们证明了……”
2.“The results indicate that…” “结果表明……”
3.“Our data show that…” “我们的数据表明……”
4.“These results support the conclusion that…” “这些结果支持了……的结论”
5.“The findings suggest that…” “研究结果表明……”
6.“The study provides evidence that…” “这项研究提供了……的证据”
7.“These findings are significant because…” “这些发现的意义在于……”
8.“This study has implications for…” “这项研究对于……具有意义”
9.“Previous research has shown that…” “之前的研究已经表明……”
10.“In this study, we sought to determine whether…” “本研究旨在确定是
否……”
这些表达方式可以帮助作者更清晰、准确地传达研究结果和结论，同时增强论文的说服力。
当然，在具体的论文写作中，还需要根据研究领域、论文主题和具体的研究结果选择适当的表达方式。
SCI论文准备写作投稿技巧常用英文词汇
SCI论文准备写作投稿技巧常用英文词汇1. Introduction:- Present study: 本研究- In this paper: 在本文中- The objective of this study: 本研究的目标- To investigate: 研究- Background: 背景- Previous research: 先前的研究- Research gap: 研究空白- Methodology: 方法论- Data analysis: 数据分析- Findings: 研究结果- Conclusion: 结论2. Literature Review:- Literature review: 文献综述- Scholarly articles: 学术文章- Theoretical framework: 理论框架- Empirical evidence: 实证证据- Research methods: 研究方法- Key findings: 主要发现- Implications: 启示3. Methods:- Study design: 研究设计- Data collection: 数据收集- Sample size: 样本量- Research instruments: 研究工具- Data analysis techniques: 数据分析技术- Statistical analysis: 统计分析- Control variables: 控制变量4. Results:- Descriptive statistics: 描述性统计- Correlation analysis: 相关分析- Regression analysis: 回归分析- Significant findings: 显著性发现- Patterns and trends: 模式和趋势5. Discussion:- Implications: 启示- Limitations: 限制- Future research directions: 未来研究方向- Theoretical contributions: 理论贡献- Practical implications: 实践意义6. Conclusion:- Summary: 总结- Contributions: 贡献- Future research: 未来研究- Practical implications: 实践意义。
SCI常用词汇和句型
SCI常用词汇和句型No.1Introduction常用的词汇Characterize:是…的特征; 以…为典型; 使…具有特点常用句型：In the present study, we try to characterize the role of sth in the promotion of health.Demonstrate: 证明; 证实; 论证; 说明常用句型：Previous studies have demonstrated that......Discover: (第一个) 发现; (出乎意料地) 发现常用句型1：It is of great interest to discover that...常用句型2：we have discovered that...Evaluate:估计; 评价; 评估常用句型1：The aim of this study was to evaluate...常用句型2：We evaluate its contribution to...常用句型3：In order to evaluate...Examine: 审查; 调查; 考查; 考察; (仔细地) 检查常用句型1：Examination of sth showed that...常用句型2：In this study, we have examined sth in ...Establish:建立; 创立; 设立; 建立(尤指正式关系)常用句型1：It has been established that + 句子常用句型2：句子was established by...Explore:探索; 考察; 探究; 调查研究; 探讨常用句型1：To further explore the effects of pressure, we... 常用句型2：We explored+ 句子Find: (经寻找、研究或思考) 发现，查明常用句型1：sth was founded...常用句型2：we find a method that can be used to... 常用句型3：it is founded that...Identify: 确认; 认出; 鉴定; 找到; 发现; 显示常用句型1：Sth was identified as a critical truth to...Investigate: 侦查(某事); 调查(某人)常用句型1：Sth was investigated常用句型2：In this report, we investigated that...常用句型3：The test is essential to investigate...Reveal: 揭示; 显示; 透露常用句型1：The experiments revealed that...常用句型2：Recent advances have revealed...Study: 研究; 调查常用句型1：We studied...常用句型2：A parametric study has been carried out for...常用句型3：句子+ was studiedNo.2描述要解决的问题时用到的词汇Aim: 目的; 目标; 目的是; 旨在常用句型1：The aim of this research is to provide...常用句型2：The aim of this study was to evaluate...Address: 处理；对付常用句型1：To address the issue of sth常用句型2：A graph was added to address the issues of...Describe: 描述；形容常用句型1：In this report, we describe an analytical method to/that... 常用句型2：As described in materials and methods of sth...No.3表转折的词汇despite: 尽管；即使；尽管自己不愿意（常用在开头）常用句型：Despite the detailed examination...However:然而；不过；不管怎样（用在开头表转折）常用句型1：In this study, however, that it would not be...常用句型2：However, he confirms there has recently beenIn contrast: 相反（句后的开头）常用句型: In contrast, the mummy of sth contains.....Unfortunately: 可惜；遗憾的是；不巧（单独用在句首）常用句型: Unfortunately, as I said, we don't seem to have learned... Present: 出现；提出；显示；提交常用句型1: This article presents...常用句型2: In this paper, a feasibility study of... is presentedpurpose: 目的；用途；目标；意图常用句型: The purpose of this study was...report:报告；报道；汇报常用句型1: A series of sth, including A, B, and C were subs-equently reported by... 常用句型2: As reported that...No.4有关过去和现在时间的词汇Current: 现在的；现行的；通用的常用句型1: Current scientific evidence indicates that...常用句型2: The current work discusses...Present: 目前；现在常用句型: The present study aims to explore...Previous: 先前的；以往的常用句型1: Previous studies demonstrated...常用句型2: The previous work has focused on...Recent: 最近的常用句型1: It was recently predicted that...常用句型2: The recent discussion...No.5用于举例的词In case of: 万一；假使；如果(用在句首)常用句型: In case of the specified parameters of...Especially: 格外；特别是；尤其是（常用在逗号后面）常用句型: Any sharply localized area with a fibrotic appeara-nce should be regarded as suspicious, especially if it has a stellate shape.For example: 例如（用在句首）常用句型: For example, as Silbert spoke about her prom experienceFor instance:例如（用在句首）常用句型1: For instance, it's easy to come up with常用句型2: The joint may be used to join a pair of structural components, for instance in an aerospace applicationInclude:包括；包含；使成为…的一部分（用在句中）常用句型1: To be considered with your bid, include the phrase常用句型2: Potential plans include traveling photographic exhibition.In particular:尤其；特别地；特别是（逗号后面或者句首）常用句型1: The utility model relates to a filtering apparatus, in particular to the filtering apparatus used for a variable air valve timing deviceSpecifically:具体来说；明确地（句中句首句尾均可以）常用句型1: Designed specifically for use in the car常用句型2: Specifically, he saidSuch as：比如；像这种的（常用在逗号后面）常用句型1: Everybody huddled with the body surface, such as loess.No.6描述实验部分的词汇According to: 根据；按照常用句型1: sth was transfected by sth according to...常用句型2:according to...Achieve: 完成（凭长期努力）达到（某目标、地位、标准）常用句型: Sth was achieved through/by...Acquire: 获得; 取得常用句型: Sth were acquired...Allow: 允许；准许常用句型: This method allowed us to determine...Assess: 评估；估算常用句型1: In order to assess...常用句型2: Sth was assessedCarry out:执行；实现常用句型1: Sth was carried out...常用句型2: It is difficult to carry out...常用句型3: In order to carry out...Collect: 收集；搜集常用句型1: Some samples were collected in the experiment. 常用句型2: Sth were collected through...Conduct:实施；执行常用句型: The field trial was conducted by...Expose: 暴露；揭露常用句型1: We exposed...常用句型2: It is well known that someone was exposed to...Generate: 产生；引起常用句型1: Sth was generated by...常用句型2: 句子+is generated常用句型3: Sth was used to generate...Keep: 保存；保留常用句型: The temperature was kept constant at 400℃for one hour.Obtain:获得；得到常用句型1: Sth have been obtained from the analysis of ...常用句型2: The result was obtained with...Perform: 执行常用句型1: Sth was performed by...常用句型2: Sth was performed using...Prepare: 配制常用句型1: A good method was prepared as described previously. 常用句型2: Sth was performed.Produce: 生产；制造常用句型: The pulse waveforms produced from cells and particles.Proceed:继续做（或从事、进行）常用句型1: The reactions are proposed to proceed in a two-step processProvide:提供常用句型1: We provide...常用句型2: The proper method provides...常用句型3: Sth was provided by...Purchase: 购买；采购常用句型:All chemicals were purchased from Eaton chemical companyRecord: 记录常用句型: The initial measurements were recorded at fixed temperatureSubject to: 处于…中；使服从常用句型: The device is subject to a magnetic field of 10TUndertake:着手做; 承担；从事常用句型: We undertook this study to understand...No.7描述先后顺序的词常用在实验方法的描述上面。
sci英语写作的单词
sci英语写作的单词SCI（Science Citation Index）是美国科学资讯研究所出版的一部世界著名的期刊文献检索工具，其内容覆盖面广泛，包括科学、技术、医学和生命科学等领域。
因此，在SCI英语写作中，通常会使用到一些专业性较强、科学性较高的词汇。
以下是一些SCI英语写作中常用的单词：Adipose tissue：脂肪组织Aorta：主动脉Artery：动脉Atrophy：萎缩Bile duct：胆管Bone：骨Brain：大脑Cancer：癌症Cardiovascular disease：心血管疾病Cell：细胞Central nervous system：中枢神经系统Cellular signaling pathway：细胞信号通路Chemotherapy：化疗Chromosome：染色体Cytokine：细胞因子DNA：脱氧核糖核酸Enzyme：酶Epigenetics：表观遗传学Gene expression：基因表达Genome：基因组Growth factor：生长因子Immune system：免疫系统Inflammation：炎症Intervention：干预Lipid：脂质Liver：肝脏Lymph node：淋巴结Macrophage：巨噬细胞Metabolism：代谢Microbiota：微生物群落Mitochondria：线粒体Neuron：神经元Nerve：神经Neoplasm：肿瘤Organism：生物体Osteoporosis：骨质疏松症Pathogenesis：发病机制Pharmacotherapy：药物治疗Prostaglandin：前列腺素Receptor：受体RNA：核糖核酸Stem cell：干细胞Tissue engineering：组织工程学Tumor suppressor gene：肿瘤抑制基因Vaccine：疫苗Vasculature：血管系统Vascular disease：血管疾病Ventricular hypertrophy：心室肥厚Virus：病毒Xenobiotics：外源性物质。
SCI论文写作——好词好句
degrademitigatewithout any loss of generalityat any given instance ofconcreteexpanded upona stationary loadThereafterrelationship;take into account;model 动词；are obtained；fundamental;immovable;neglect;e.g.;i.e.receive;when it comes to;scarce 匮乏；Have a certain impacttreat asaddressingaddressed解决give rise to；certain；introduce；describe；literature review；retain；For this reason；substitute；In particular；measureconsist ofeffectivethe dot represents the time derivative In case of Lr=10；rewritten；It is evident that；appear；a significant reduction of the peak amplitude is obtained in case of；denotedrespectively 一般置于句末；related to；As a consequence ofin order toidentically 同时地，一致地；The following notation is introduced for brevityin a suitable form for numerical implementation；adjust；it is interesting to comment thatcompletely；instead；A non-dimensionalization of variables is performed for computational conveniencein agreement with 与一致；correspond to 符合；investigate more deeply 深入研究；plot 名词：图；versus 对；previously；practically 几乎；grows slowly with；with respect to 关于，至于enlarge；match；xx method is extended to investigatesuitablesuperior 出众的，优秀的（描述L-method）rarely 很少的；imply 意味，隐含This property is definitely worth exploring and is therefore what we focus on in this work；proposed；Chenetal.好几个人的文章It should be mentioned here that；via；deal with；proved；On the basis of；wherein；deduced；is capable ofefficiency；omitted 忽略refer to 参考be divided intobe derived as；As depicted in；contain；no longer；in the given frequency range；adequate；It means that the computational cost and time will be reduced in ；sufficiently；when the mesh becomes finer；reflect 反应出；distinct drops 明显的下降；ComplicatedFurthermoreImplementedMost widely usedThick beamConsequentlyTheoreticalExtensivePerspectiveHonig and Hirdes (1984) made an improvement to reduce the dependence of discretization and truncation errors on the free parameters.EvaluateMethodologyLaplace transform domainCheckOrigin原点interior impact forcecompact formmodifydistinguishdepicted in fig.translate the origin of the coordinate x into relationIn view ofSeparateSumNote thatDeterminant行列式值In additionorthogonal conditionsdisadvantagewith the increment ofdiscrepanciescompared withmatchinterpretobjectiveeffort was made tomodel （动词：建立模型）originalvalidate验证vtevaluate评估vtasymptotic analysis 渐进分析extend 扩展vtthe method has been adapted toin a condition ofmountedAdditional case studyflutter speed was chosen as the primary parameter in terms ofInstead ofconstrainedunconstrainedin current investigationsuitableassumedthe principal load carrierclamp 固支vian assembly装配nby integration along E-axisit depends on 它由```决定The above equation was solved in an iterative procedure by searching and matching the flutter speed and frequency within subsonic range using the p-k method.Despitemarginweight savingas,since，because都可后，不加逗号In addition toNeverthelessin favor of 有利于plays a beneficial and important role inFirstly，Secondly，ThirdlyFortunatelyround off 使```完美is proven tothe most favorable onemaintainoffer 提供vtdesignertherebypreviouslyequipped withcontrollabledemonstratorrepresentativemultidisciplinaryplaced inside ··被安放在··situated within ···限制在is a key contribution tonon-negligibleis anticipated toaccelerateforce 促使condition encounteredconceptthe baseline design基本设计replaceadjustimposed on施加automaticallyinstalled onplaced atrelated to关于accomplishfullyimplicitmannercorelimited toinvolved inthere is an excellent agreement betweenin order toallow 允许（可用于variation）representcorrespond to 符合extract提取downwarda reasonable agreement exists between covercapturebehaviornot only，but alsovisibleweight reductionperfectlywhich has a much higher contribution to During the phase ofinstead offor this reasonquantify the impact ofsecondary次要的exploit 开发，利用prototype,样品sophisticated复杂的the slipstream becomes displaced滑流无处可去，受阻preliminary design 初步设计are not directly sensitive to 对什么不敏感pronounced 明显的as is the case for 和那种情况一样reciprocal 相互的lessen 减少augment增大influential 有较大影响的The results obtained are encouraging 令人鼓舞的versatility 名称用途广泛revolutionise 彻底改变plays a big roleon this occasionnorresolved into 分解为incrementnose-upin radians弧度地vice versa反之亦然is characterized by被····表征exerted bydefinedeviate fromnamelyconstantin-planeout-of-planerotational speedoppositeopposerotating framenonrotating frameIt is assumed in the derivation of the equation s of motion that an engine governor supplies the torque required to hold the rotor rotational speed Ωconstant during any perturbed motionDespite these limitations, the method, in its current state of development, can provide a useful tool for the study ofassociated withsubsequent form下面的型式displaydetermineimplementedoverestimaterotaryrather thaninfluence单数also agrees well withConsequentlyvalidextensiveFrom this perspective,Abundantinversionoptimum parameter selectionis comprised ofdiscretizationclose form solutionscross-sectionaltransverse, large enough to ensurenontrivialphase-relatedis given bydistinguish it fromcontainIt is noted thatinvertcan be separated into real part and imaginary part functionsSimilarly, k is an eigenvalue if and only if the determinant is zero.is the only possible case forenablesummationWe can see thatabruptthe Durbin method is more appropriate than the normal mode method for the computational efficiency and accuracy of complex structures.在Su和Ma中，terms也不是相等的，其未给出error判别式中，T和a的选择标准。
36组必背的SCI写作常用词汇
36组必背的常用词汇1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2损害： Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的： Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13 要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14 消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15 导致： Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to， slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生：Happen, occur, take place24 原因：Reason, factor, cause25 发展：Development, advance, progress26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding， advantageous27 影响：Influence, impact, effect28 明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent,crystal-clear29 占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle。
SCI写作常用词汇
SCI写作常用词汇【第一弹】2014-12-11李莫愁博士实验万事屋1、执行：is performed in+地名/using+手段例句：pure-tone audiometry was performed in a sound-controlled room.实验万事屋作品2、根据: according to例句：according to standard protocols实验万事屋作品3、被批准：was approved by例句：the study was approved by the Chinese PLA General Hospital Research Ethics.实验万事屋作品4、取得：be obtained from/be attained from例句：blood samples were obtained from 12 family members./Consent was attained from each subject or their guardians.实验万事屋作品5、导致, 是…..的原因：account for/be responsible for/cause/result in例句：Genetic factors account for more than 50% of the cases with congenital hearing loss./ Single-gene defects are responsible for over half of these cases./ mutations in TECTA can cause progressive hearing loss./ There are possible risks as well, since vitamin E diminishes the clotting tendency of blood and may result in ugly bruises from small bumps.实验万事屋作品6、与….相关：be linked to/ be associated with例句：mutation can be linked to progressive hair cell degeneration. /Mutations in the ZP domain are associated with hearing loss.实验万事屋作品7、发现/观察/揭示：identify, discover/be observed/be revealed例句：in this study, we first identified/discovered ADNSHL in Chinese Family 3187 caused by the…./ mutation was observed in family members with normal hearing loss./ our results revealed that…..实验万事屋作品8、招募：enroll例句：we enrolled six cases of ADNSHL from family 3187.实验万事屋作品9、确认：confirm例句：we confirmed two mutations at the same allele.实验万事屋作品10、预测：predict例句：the fetus carried the mutation TECTA was predicted to inherit his father’s hearing.实验万事屋作品11、证明/论证：demonstrate例句：all six subjects had hearing loss , demonstrating severe hearing impairment according to WHO 1997 criteria.实验万事屋作品12、暗示：implicate例句：this was implicated as a pathogenic mutation causing hearing loss.实验万事屋作品13、表明：indicate例句：The method does not indicate which species, or how many mosquitoes, deposited viruses on the cards.实验万事屋作品14、据我们所知：to our knowledge例句：To our knowledge, this is the second TECTA mutation identified in Chinese population.实验万事屋作品15、迄今为止：so far例句：so far, there is no clinical genetic diagnosis for ADNSHL in China.实验万事屋作品16、在…..中起重要作用：play an important role in例句：a-tectorin plays an important role in the structure and function of the TM.。
sci综述词汇要求
sci综述词汇要求一、表示研究目的相关的词汇。
1. Investigate [ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt]（动词）：调查；研究。
例如：The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between diet and health.（这项研究的目的是调查饮食与健康之间的关系。
）2. Explore [ɪkˈsplɔː(r)]（动词）：探索；探究。
例如：We intend to explore new treatment methods for this disease.（我们打算探索这种疾病的新治疗方法。
）3. Examine [ɪɡˈzæmɪn]（动词）：检查；审查；研究。
例如：The researchers examined the impact of environmental factors on plant growth.（研究人员研究了环境因素对植物生长的影响。
）二、表示结果相关的词汇。
1. Result [rɪˈzʌlt]（名词）：结果；成果。
例如：The results of the experiment are very encouraging.（实验的结果非常令人鼓舞。
）2. Outcome [ˈaʊtkʌm]（名词）：结果；结局。
例如：The long - term outcome of this treatment needs further study.（这种治疗的长期结果需要进一步研究。
）3. Consequence [ˈkɒnsɪkwəns]（名词）：结果；后果。
通常强调因果关系。
例如：The environmental pollution has many serious consequences.（环境污染有许多严重的后果。
）三、表示总结相关的词汇。
1. Summarize [ˈsʌməraɪz]（动词）：总结；概括。
sci为词根的单词
sci为词根的单词一、science ['saɪəns] n.（名词）1. 含义：科学；学科；理科。
- 例如：Science helps us understand the world better.（科学帮助我们更好地理解世界。
）二、scientist ['saɪəntɪst] n.（名词）1. 含义：科学家。
- 例如：Many scientists are working hard to find solutions to environmental problems.（许多科学家正在努力寻找环境问题的解决方案。
）三、scientific [ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk] adj.（形容词）1. 含义：科学（上）的；符合科学规律的；系统的。
- 例如：We need to do some scientific research.（我们需要做一些科学研究。
）四、conscience ['kɒnʃəns] n.（名词）1. 含义：良心；道德心。
（这里“sci”有“知道”的潜在含义，良心是一种内在知道对错的感觉）- 例如：His conscience made him tell the truth.（他的良心使他说出了真相。
）五、conscious ['kɒnʃəs] adj.（形容词）1. 含义：意识到的；有意识的；神志清醒的。
- 例如：He was conscious of his mistakes.（他意识到了自己的错误。
）六、unconscious [ʌnˈkɒnʃəs] adj.（形容词）1. 含义：无意识的；失去知觉的；未察觉的。
- 例如：He was unconscious after the accident.（事故后他失去了知觉。
）。
SCI论文摘要中常用的表达方法
（3）介绍应用、用途，常用词汇有use, apply, application等
结果部分
（1）展示研究结果，常用词汇有show, result, present等
（2）介绍结论，常用词汇有summary, introduce,conclude等
讨论部分
（1）陈述论文的论点和作者的观点，常用词汇有suggest, repot, present, expect, describe等
（2）说明论证，常用词汇有support, provide, indicate, identify, find, demonstrate, confirm, clarify等
SCI摘要引言部分案例 attention
SCI摘要方法部分案例 consider
SCI高被引摘要引言部分案例 词汇outline
? Author(s): TIERNEY, L SCI引用728次
引言部分 回顾研究背景常用词汇summarize
Abstract: This biennial review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 1900 new measurements from 700 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review.
撰写SCI论文时常用的英文单词汇编
Simplified EnglishWhat Is Simplified English?Simplified English(SE)was developed so that documents written in English could be understood by people who speak little English.To make the documents easier to understand,Simplified English uses a limited vocabulary and a set of writing rules.The writer can only use words on the approved list and technical terms(words common to tilefield).Each word on the list has only one approved definition.For example,“about”is used for“concerned with.”It cannot be used for“around”or“approximately.”Verb tenses are also restricted.The rules listed below were developed for the AECMA.The principles for simplified English can be used even if AECMA rules are not strictly followed.Many of the words on the AECMA approved list would not be needed for Church products.Many words needed for Church products are not on the AECMA approved list.Example of Simplified EnglishOriginal paragraph:Place the water heater in a clean, dry location as near as practical to the area of greatest heated water demand. Long uninsulated hot water lines can waste energy and water. Clearance for accessibility to per-mit inspection and servicing such as removing heating elements or checking controls must be provided.Same paragraph in Simplified English:Put the water heater in a clean, dry location near the area where you use the most hot water. If the hot water lines are long and they do not have insulation, you will use too much energy and water. Make sure you have access to the heating elements and the controls for inspection and servicing.(The above example is from“Learning to Use Simplified English:A Preliminary Study,”by Margaret Thomas, Gloria Jaffe,J.Peter Kincaid,and Yvette Stees,Technical Communication,First Quarter1992,pg70)AECMA Simplified English RulesWordse only approved words.e approved words only as the part of speech given. (example: close is a verb [and not an adverb].Write: Do not go near the landing gear if... NOT: Do not go close to the landing gear if...)3.Keep the approved meaning; do not add any other meaning. (example: Follow means “to come after.” Itdoes not mean “to do what the rules tell you.” Write: Obey the safety instructions. NOT: Follow the safety instructions.Technical Names4.You can use words that are “Technical Names.” (These words are not part of the attached list of words.)A word, symbol, or term is a “technical name” if it is in one of these categories: names of: official parts,locations on aircraft, tools or equipment, materials, support facilities, circuits or systems, persons, groups, or bodies, technical records, standards, regulations, and the following categories of terms: math-ematical, scientific, engineering, navigational and flying, measurement or dial markings, number, parts of the body, common personal effects, medical, documents and manuals, names, headings, & topics usedin specifications, environmental conditions, colors, damage terms. (The categories are from the aero-space industry. Another list would be needed for Family History.)e a technical name only as a noun or an adjective, not as a verb.e the official name (shortened if necessary) as much as possible.7.Do not use different technical names for the same thing.8.If you have a choice, use the shortest and simplest names.Verbs9.You can use the verb in these tenses: the infinitive, the present tense, the past tense, the simple futuretense, and the past participle (as an adjective). (example: To adjust; It adjusts; It adjusted; It will adjust. It is adjusted.)10.Do not use forms of the verb not shown in the “Approved Words” (such as verbs in the “-ing”e the past participle only as an adjective: either with a noun or after the verbs “to be, to become.”(example: Connect the disconnected wires again. The wires are disconnected. The wires become discon-nected.)12.participle with a helping verb to make a complex verb. (example: Write:...is adjusted. NOT:...hasadjusted. Write:...you can adjust NOT: can be adjusted. Write: Adjust the... NOT:...must be adjusted) 13.You can use verbs that are “Manufacturing Processes.” A manufacturing process does the following tomaterial: removes, adds, attaches. changes the mechanical strength, structure or physical properties, changes the surface finish, changes the shape. (The categories are from the aerospace industry. Another list would be needed for Family History.)e the active voice as follows:•Procedures:use only the active voice•Description and Operation:use the active voice as much as possible;use the passive voice only when absolutely necessary.15.To change a passive construction to the active:•Change the subject at the beginning of the sentence.•Change an infinitive verb to an active verb.•Change the verb to the commanding form.•Use the personal pronouns“we,you.”16.Let the verb show the action. (example: Write: the ohmmeter shows... NOT: The meter gives an indica-tion of...) Sometimes it is not possible to follow this advice in SE, because of the limited choice of words. For example, in SE you must write: “Do the leak test,” instead of “Test for leaks.” This is because “test” is only used as a noun.17.17. Do not omit a verb (or nouns) to make your sentences shorter. (example: Write: Set the rotary switchto INPUT. NOT: Rotary switch to INPUT.)Abstraction18.Repeating words. In SE, you will often have to repeat the same word many times in one text. This isbecause the number of words is limited, and their meanings are strictly defined. This repeating of words helps the reader to understand the text. He becomes familiar with patterns of words and their meanings.You must not confuse your reader by using different words to describe the same thing. Once you have chosen the words to describe something, continue to use these same words.19.Make your instructions as specific as possible. (example: Write: If you increase the temperature it willdecrease the curing time. NOT: Different temperatures will change the curing time.)The Grouping of WordsRemember that your reader may only have a poor knowledge of English. He will read/translate a text bit by bit, and will not understand a phrase if the relationship between the words is not clear.20.If it is possible, you must put an “article” (the, a, an) or a “demonstrative adjective” (this, that, these,those) before a noun. (examples: Write: Stop the start procedure if... NOT: Stop start procedure if. Write:•Hold the main gear doors up.•Set the alternate control lever to DOWN.•Set the alternate control lever to NORMAL.Not: Support main gear doors, position alternate control lever fully DOWN and return to NORMAL.)21.Break up noun clusters that have more than three nouns. Such “noun” clusters are almost impossible toread for some non English readers. This is probably because these readers begin with the first noun as they do in their own language. But the noun that the reader needs is at the end of the “noun cluster.”(example: Write: The temperature of the exhaust gas from the engine. NOT: The engine exhaust gas tem-perature...)If an official technical name is a noun cluster (example: the main gear inboard door retraction winch handle), there are three ways to help your reader:e hyphens to show the relationship between the words. (example: The main-gear inboard-door retrac-tion-winch handle.)23.Explain the name. (example: [the handle that is used to operate the winch that retracts the inboard doorof the main gear24.Explain to the reader that you will use a shorter name. (example:...retraction-winch-handle In this chap-ter. the handle is referred to as the “winch handle.”)Length of Sentences25.Keep sentences as short as possible.26.The maximum length of sentences is 20 words.27.An average of one sentence in ten can be up to 25 words long.28.When you count words for sentence length, the colon and the dash count as a full stop (period).29.When you count words for sentence length, each word in a hyphenated group counts as a separate wordunless it is a prefix.30.When you count words for sentence length, text inside parentheses counts as a new sentence.31.Keep to one topic or one instruction per sentence.32.Write more than one instruction per sentence only when two actions have to be done at the same time.(example: Hold the switch to “TEST” and make sure the light comes on.)e connecting words to join separate sentences. (Write short sentences that are logically connected byconnecting words. Connecting words will help to show the relationship between the different topics in the separate sentences. Such connecting words are: “Thus, also, so but, and, then, now.” You may start a sentence with “but” or “and.” Just make sure that you do not start too many sentences with “and,” as this will weaken your text.)e a tabular layouts (vertical layouts) for complex texts. (example: When the landing gear retracts,these movements occur:•The door-operating bar on the leg touches and turns the latch.•This causes the roller to move out of the slot.•The second roller holds the door-operating bar.)35.In descriptive writing, try to vary sentence lengths and constructions to keep the text interesting.36.In an instruction, write the verb in the imperative form (as though “must” were written in front of it).37.In an instruction, the subject of the verb is implied as “you,” but this is not necessarily written into thesentence. (example: Remove the bolts = (You must) remove the bolts.)Paragraphse paragraphs to show your reader the logic of the text.39.Each paragraph must have only one topic. The paragraph must deal with that topic in a logical mannerand must make the relationship between sequences of information clear to the reader. You must not put unrelated pieces of information into the same paragraph. If one paragraph is not sufficient for all the nec-essary information, divide the subject matter and deal with each separate aspect in its own paragraph. 40.Always start the paragraph with the topic sentence. By reading only the topic sentences, the readershould be able to understand the broad outline of your text. If the reader is looking for some specific information, the topic sentence should be able to help him decide which paragraph he needs.e connecting words to make the relationship between sentences and paragraphs clear.42.The maximum length of a paragraph is 6 sentences.43.Do not use one-sentence paragraphs more than once in every 10 paragraphs.44.Present new and complex data slowly.PunctuationWe use punctuation marks to show how parts of the text are related to each other. They help to make your text more readable and to make the meaning clear. Punctuation marks must not be scattered according to “taste.”45.If you start an instruction with a descriptive statement (dependent clause), you must separate that state-ment from the rest of the instruction with a comma. (example: When the light comes on, set the switch to NORMAL.)e hyphens as a joining signal. When we wrote these rules, we kept in mind the main objective: thatreaders should never have to reread a text to work out which words were intended to be read together.) Rules for when to use hyphens:•Two word terms used together.Low-altitudeflight,quick-acting clamp,high-pressure chamber•Two word fractions or numbers.forty-seven,one-half•Adjectives that consist of three or more words.three-to-one ratio,soap-and-water solution•Terms that consist of a capital letter or number and a noun.L-shaped bracket,3-prong connector•Compound verbs that consist of a verb plus a noun.die-cast.arc-weld•Terms in which the prefix ends with a vowel and the root word begins with a vowel.de-ice,de-energize, pre-amplifier•Terms in which two one-syllable words are written together but thefirst is not a simple modifier of the second by-pass,run-on torquee parentheses to set off text that is not part of the main statement but is important enough to be indi-cated or to mark text for which separation by commas is insufficient.e the colons and dashes only in tabular layouts (vertical layouts) with standard punctuation as follows:•Each breakout starts with an upper case letter•Do not put a period at the end of each breakout,but only at the end of the last breakout to show the end Of the sentence•If the sequence of the breakouts is important,number them in agreement with your in-house specifications.Warnings and CautionsWarnings and cautions tell a technician that parts of the procedures can be dangerous. A warning tells him that injury or death is possible if he does not follow the instructions. A caution tells the technician that dam-age to equipment is possible.•Start a warning or a caution with a simple and clear command.•Add a brief explanation to a warning or a caution to give a clear idea of the possible risk.example: W ARNING: DO NOT GET ANY ENGINE OIL ON YOUR SKIN FOR LONG PERIODS. THE OIL IS POISONOUS. IT CAN GO THROUGH YOUR SKIN AND INTO YOUR BODY.How to make a Simplified English VocabularyThe information below came from the attached article, “Developing a Simplified English Vocabulary” by D.A.T. Peterson, Technical Communication, Second Quarter, 1990, pp 130-133.To create a simplified English vocabulary for his field, D.A.T. Peterson analyzed the text of four technical manuals and extracted the core vocabulary. The four manuals covered different topics. A word processing program was used for analysis. The program provided an automatic count of how many times each word was used in the document.To develop the core vocabulary, Mr. Peterson did the following:1.Deleted numerals, abbreviations, and punctuation.2.Arranged remaining text in alphabetical order.3.Merged and sorted the four lists.4.Deleted words for items, actions, conditions, and processes (technical words). The remaining wordsbecame the initial core vocabulary.pared the initial core vocabulary to Charles K. Ogden's 850-word Basic English vocabulary and tothe AECMA Simplified English. This was to ensure that no obviously required words were omitted.ed several standard and technical dictionaries to assign an appropriate definition for each word.7.Looked for synonyms in a thesaurus. (Generally, when synonyms were found, the shorter word wasretained.)8.Checked the core vocabulary for antonyms. When the combination of not and another word would serve,the antonym was deleted. If a word could not be replaced or if the alternate construction was too awk-ward, the word was retained. (example: use “not complete” instead of “incomplete”)9.Grouped the words by function. (The groupings he used were: Operations-Definite, Operations-Not Def-inite, Things-Definite, Things-Not Definite, Conditions-Definite, Conditions-Not Definite, Location, Function Words, Joining Words, Helping Words.)10.Subdivided each groups into verbs, nouns, prepositions, etc. The words in each subdivision were then putin alphabetical order.ed the words deleted from the original list to make a list of not-approved words. Example: “Conclu-sion: Use END”To develop a technical word vocabulary Mr. Peterson did the following:1.Prepared a complete parts list and a list of required tools and test equipment. Defined these part namesand added them to the approved vocabulary.2.Analyzed existing documents to identify the condition, process, and action words.3.Made a list of words that described a technical process. Defined these words.4.Made a list of words that described a condition affecting operation or maintenance. Defined these words.5.Made a list of words that described an action required for operation or maintenance. Defined thesewords.6.Reviewed the words and replaced them with words from the core vocabulary, where possible.7.Added the words to the approved vocabulary.ASCMA Simplified EnglishWords from AECMA Simplified English•156adjectives•97adverbs•3articles•l7conjunctions•169nouns•27prepositions•21pronouns•138technical nouns•164(abt650conjugated)verbsAdjectives (partial list) - accurate, adjustable, alternative, apparent, applicable, approved, approximate, available, bad, worse, worst, basic, careful, clean, clear, constant, continuous, correct, different, directly, down, each, easy, easier, easiest, empty, equal, equivalent, expanded, expired, external fast, faster, fastest, first, forward, free, frequent, front, full, general, good, better, best, high, higher, highest, important, incor-rect, initial, inner, interchangeable, intermittent, internal irregular, large, larger, largest, last, least, left, less, lesser, least, local, long, longer, longest, loose, low, lower, lowest, maximum, middle, military, minimum, moderately, movable, much, more, most, near, nearer, nearest, necessary, new, no, off, on, only, opposite, optional, other, permanent, positive, possible, regular, related, remaining, right, same, satisfactory, second, secondary, sensitive, short, shorter, shortest, slow, slower, slowest, small, smaller, smallest, some, special, specified, straight, strong, stronger, strongest, subsequent, such, sudden, sufficient, sure, temporary, tertiary, thick, thicker, thickest, thin, thinner, thinnest, third, total, unknown, unsatisfactory, unusual, unwanted, usualAdverbs (partial list) - accurately, again, almost, also, always, apparently, approximately, away, back, clearly, constantly, correctly, differently, down, easily, equally, first, forward, fully, here, how, immediately, incorrectly, initially, locally, moderately, momentarily, not, off, o.k., on, only, out, permanently, positively, possibly, quickly, regularly, satisfactorily, slowly, smoothly, specially, subsequently, suddenly, sufficiently, temporarily, then, there, through thus, tightly, together, too, unsatisfactorily, unusually, up, usually, veryArticles - a, an, theConjunctions - after, although, and, as...as, because, because of, before, but, if, or, than, that, thus, unless, until, when, where, whilePrepositions - about, above, across, adjacent, aft of, after, against, along, around, as, at, before, behind, below, between, by, down, during, for, forward of, from, in, in front of, into, minus, near, of, off, on, oppo-site, out of, plus, since, through, thru, to, to the rear of, with, withoutPronouns - all, each, it, its, none, other, some, that, these, they, them, their, this, those, we, which, who, you, yourAa (art)about (pre) - concerned with (for other meanings use APPROXIMATELY, AROUND)above (pre) - a position higher than (for other mean-ings use MORE THAN)abrasive (adj)accept (v) accepts, accepted, acceptedaccess (n)accident (n)accidental (adj)accidentally (adv)accurate (adj)accurately (adv)across (pre) - from one side to the otheradapt (v) adapts, adapted, adapted - to change to a new situationadd (v) adds, added, addedadjacent (adj)adjacent to (pre) - near in spaceadjust (v) adjusts, adjusted, adjusted adjustable (adj) adjustment (n)after (pre, con) - follows a specified time, sequence, etc.again (adv)against (pre) - in contact withagent (n)agree (v) agrees, agreedaid (n) - help that is givenair (n)airborne (adj)aircraft (n)airflow (n)align (v) aligns, aligned, alignedall (adj, pn)allowance (n) - a permitted differencealmost (adv)along (pre)also (adv)alternative (n)alternatively (adv)although (con)always (adv)ammunition (n)an (art)analysis (n)and (con)apart (adv) - put at a distance fromapparent (adj)apparently (adv)applicable (adj)apply (v) applies, applied, appliedapproval (n)approved (adj)approximate (adj)approximately (adv)are (v) see Bearea (n)arm (v) arms, armed, armedarmament (n)around (pre) - on all sides ofarrow (n)as (pre) - to the same quantity, equally (same as) (for other meanings use - because, while) as...asassemble (v) assembles, assembled, assembled assembly (n)at (pre)attach (v) attaches, attached, attachedauthority (n) - official that gives approval to some-thingautomatic (adj)automatically (adv)auxiliary (adj)available (adj)average (n)away (adv) in or to a different position or directionBback (adv)bad, worse, worst (adj)badly (adv)balance (v) balances, balanced, balancedbasic (adj)AECMA Approved Wordsbe (v) is, was, are, were.- to occur, exist, to equal to have a property (no other forms of this verb) because/because of (pre, con) - as a result of become (v) becomes, became, becomebefore (pre, con) - “Preceding” in time or sequence behind (pre) - in a position at rear (for other mean-ings use AFTER, SUBSEQUENT)below (pre) - in a position lower than (for other meanings use LESS THAN)bend (v) bends, bent, bentbend (n)better, best (adj)between (pre) - related to something before and after in time or placebleed (v) bleeds, bled, bledblockage (n)blocked (adj)blow (v) blows, blew, blownblunt (adj)bond (v) bonds, bonded, bondedbond (n)bottom (n) - the lowest placebreak (v) breaks, broke, brokenbreathe (v) breathes, breathed, breathedbright/brighter/brightest (adj)brightly (adv)brush (n)bubble (n)burn (v) burns, burned, burnedbut (con) - on the “contrary”)by (pre) - word used when you divide or multiplyCcalculate (v) calculates, calculated, calculatedcan (v) can, could - to be able to (no other forms of this verb)cancel (v) cancels, canceled, canceledcareful (adj)carefully (adv)capacity (n) - the maximum quantity that can be held or madecatch (v) catches, caught, caught cause (v) causes, caused, causedcause (n) - something that causes a resultcaution (n)center (n)change (v) changes, changed, changed change (n) - that which occurs when something changes charge (v) charges, charged, charged - to add electri-cal energy to (use FILL for other meanings)circle (n)circular (adj)class (n)clean (v) cleans, cleaned, cleanedclean (adj)clear (adj) - not blocked, without interference clearly (adv) - not blocked, without interference clearance (n) - space between two objects clockwise (adv)close (v) closes, closed, closedcode (n)cold, colder, coldest (adj)collect (v) collects, collected, collectedcolor (n)come (v) comes, came, come (lights and lamps COME ON and GO OFF)compare (v) compares, compared, compared complete (v) completes, completed, completed compress (v) compresses, compressed, compressed computer (n)condition (n)confined (adj)connect (v) connects, connected, connected connection (n) - that which connectsconstant (adj)constantly (adv)contain (v) contains, contained, contained - to have in, to hold incontainer (n)contents (n)continue (v) continues, continued, continued continuous (adj)continuously (adv)contour (n) - outer shapecontrol (v) controls, controlled, controlledcontrol (n) - something that controlscool (adj)copy (n) - something made to look the same another itemcorner (n)correct (v) corrects, corrected, correctedcorrect (adj)correctly (adv)correction (n)count (v) counts, counted, countedcount (n) - number of items or occurrences counted counterclockwise (adj, adv)cover (n)crack (n)curve (n)cut (v) cuts, cut, cutcycle (n)Ddamage (n)damaged (adj)dangerous (adj)dangerously (adv)data (n)date (n)day (n)deceleration (n)decision (n)decrease (v) decreaseddefect (n)defective (adj)deflate (v) deflates, deflated, deflateddent (n)dented (adj)depth (n)detail (n)deterioration (n)device (n)diagonal (adj)diagonally (adv)diameter (n)difference (n) different (adj)differently (adv)dim, dimmer, dimmest (adj) dimension (n)dimly (adv)direction (n)directly (adv)dirty (adj)disarm (v) disarms, disarmed, disarmed discard (v) discards, discarded, discarded display (n)distance (n)distortion (n)divide (v) divides, divided, divideddo (v) does, did, donedown (adj,adv,prc) - to a lower position drain (v) drains, drained, draineddrift (n)drink (v) drinks, drank, drunkdrop (n)dry (v) dries, dried, driedduring (pre) - In or for a specified timeEeach (adj,pn)ear (n)easily (adv)east (n)easy, easier, easiest (adj)eat (v) eats, ate, eatenedge (n)effect (n)electrical (adj)electrically (adv)electricity (n)electronic (adj)electronically (adv)electronics (n)emergency (n)empty (adj)end (n)energy (n)engine (n)entrance (n)entry (n)equal (adj)equally (adv)equipment (n) equivalent (n, adj)erase (v) erases, erased, erasederror (n)estimate(n)examine (v) examines, examined, examined example (n)exhaust (n)exit (n)expanded (adj)expired (adj)explosion (n)explosive (adj)exposure (n)extend (v) extends, extended, extended: to cause something to increase in length, area or range extension (n)external (adj)externally (adv)eye (n)Fface (n)fact (n)failure (n)fall (v) falls, fell, fallen: to move down by the force of gravityfar, farther, farthest (adj): at or to a large distance fast, faster, fastest (adj): at high speedfeel (v) feels, felt, felt: to touch to find outfile (n)fill (v) fills, filled, filled: to put into a container to a known level, pressure or quantityfilm (n)filter (n)find (v) finds, found, found: to discover, to examine something finish (n)fire (n)fire (v) fires, fired, firedfirst (adj, adv)fit (n)flag (n)flame (n)flat (adj)flexible (adj)flight (n)flow (v) flows, flowed, flowedflow (n)fluid (n)focus (n)fold (v) folds, folded, folded: to double over on itselffollow (v) follows, followed, followed: to come afterfor (pre) - word that shows purpose, intent, time, result or the object of an action (do not use for becauseforce (n)form (n)forward (add adv): in the direction of the front forward of (pre) nearer to the frontfree (adj) that can move without limitsfreely (adv) that can move without limitsfreeze (v) freezes, froze, frozenfrequency (n)friction (n)from (pre) shows a point of departure for move-ment, time distance, action, or separationfront (adj)front (n)fuel (n)full (adj)fully (adv): at or related to maximum travel, length, quantity or detailfunction (n)Ggain (n)gas (n)general (adj) applicable to the wholegeometry (n)get (v) gets, got (note: no other parts of this verb) give (v) gives, gave, given: to transfer to or to pro-vidego (v) goes, went, gone - to move to or from, to come into a condition (note: lights and lamps COME ON and GO OFF)good, better, best (adj) not badgraph (n)gravity (n)grease (n)grip (n)groove (n)ground (n) - surface of the earthground (v) grounds, grounded, grounded: to make an electrical connection to ground or between con-ductorsgroup (n)guard (n)guide (n)Hhalf (n)hand (n)hang (v) hangs, hung, hung: to attach to something above with no support from belowhard, harder, hardest (adj): Not easy to cut, not easy lo go into or throughhardware (n)have (v) has. had, had: to possess as a part of quality head (n) - the tope of somethinghear (v) hears, heard, heardheat (n)heavy, heavier, heaviest (adj) heavily (adv) has a large mass, weight or forceheight (n)help (v) helps, helped, helpedhere (adv) this positionhigh, higher, highest (adj), highly (adv): More than a given value or above hit (v) hits, hit, hit: to touch suddenly and heavily hold (v) holds, held, held: to have or to keep in the hand or a grip, to keep in a specified place, position or conditionhole (n)hook (n)horizon (n)hot, hotter, hottest (adj) at a high temperaturehow (adv) by which procedureIice (n)identification (n)identify (v) identifies, identified, identified: to sup-ply with identificationif (con) - In the event that, on the condition that ignition (n)ignore (v) ignores, ignored, ignored: Not to think about something or not to do something about immediately (adv) without a gap of time or space important (adj) has a large effect on somethingin (pre) function word that shows location, position, condition, time or limitsin front of (pre) - ahead ofincident (n)include (v) includes, included, included: to make or to be part ofincorrect (adj) incorrectly (adv) not correct increase (v) increases, increased, increased: to make or to become larger or higherincrement (n)independently (adv)indication (n)inhibition (n)initial (adj)initially (adv) has a relation with the startinjury (n)inner (n)input (n)inside (n)inspection (n)instability (n)。
SCI-写作词汇
1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons.
2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good.
26原因：reason, Fra bibliotekactor, cause
27发展：development, advance, progress
28有益的：useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous
9认为：think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced
10保护：protect, conserve, preserve
43. distinguished 替换 famous
44. feasible 替换 possible
45. consequently, accordingly替换 so
二、同义词归纳
1缺陷：disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness
35. assiduous 替换 hard-working
36. arduous 替换 difficult
37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）
SCI常用词语辨析
SCI常用词语辨析(1).largely , mostly , mainly, chiefly, greatly, primarily, principally, generally.largely表示主要的，大部分的。
一般形容程度和范围，强调程度上。
例如: His successes were largely due to luck.他的成功主要靠运气。
mostly通常表数量，大多数，例如:They mostly are girls. 表示他们大多数是女孩。
mainly指主要部分，突出在一系列事物中的相对重要性。
通常表示主要地，不表数量，例如:The article is mainly about friendship. 这个文章主要是讲友谊的。
chiefly侧重某人或某物在众多的人或物中占主要和显著地位。
greatly 通常强调程度的高。
primarily侧重基本地，首要地。
principally侧重居首要地位。
generally通常强调普遍性。
(2). indispensable, essential, necessary, requisite这些形容词均有"必不可少的，必需的"之意。
indispensable 语气强，侧重指绝对必要性或不可缺少性。
Eg:A library is indispensable to a college.大学里图书馆是必不可少的。
essential 指对事物本身性质具有决定性的重要性，暗含不可缺少，否则便无法存在。
Eg:Hard work is essential to success.成功必须努力工作。
necessary 最常用词，侧重由客观因素决定的某种需要，强调不可避免，但并非绝不可缺少。
It is necessary that he be sent there at once.有必要马上派他到那里去。
requisite 正式用词，特指为实现某一目的或得到某种结果而应有的需要，有时可与necessary换用。
SCI论文常用表达和写法
SCI论文常用表达和写法1.xx 的特征在于: xx is characterized by…2.xx 的2 个重要特征是：Two critical characteristics of xx are …3.爱因斯坦指出xx 的特征如下：Einstein identified the following characteristicsof xx…4.Generally, … 一般来讲，原则上 … 千万不要用in principle，此原则非彼原则也5.已经采用了： have adopted …6.近年来： in recent years7.over/during the past 10 years. 比如我们说SC 过去10 年间发展很快，用over，over 是一段时间的事儿；during 是事情发生在什么期间，有时间点的意思。
8.出于各种原因：for a variety of reasons9.此外，另外：moreover, in addition10.即： “…, namely …”11.A 与B 的区别在于：A and B differ in the terms of …12.谈及，关于：In terms of…13.这些区别是因为：some of the difference stem from…14.为了让：In order for xx to …15.很大程度上依赖于rely heavily on …16.基于 … is based on…17.不是…而是… not …, but rather …18.这方面的例子有… “…, exemplified by …”19.严格限制：impose the stringent restrictions on …; 受到这些限制：besubject to the restrictions.20.产生这个问题的原因与… 有关：The problem arises in part from …[Tip]：多用although, however, while, moreover, in addition 这样的词儿，句子之间的逻辑关系显得很清楚，读paper 的人会觉得你的论文很清爽，论文写作常用词汇和短语1.差别gaps between, differentiate between, discrepancies，no intergroup differenceNo statistically significant differences in survival were found for MMC or MPMA.Although MMC and MPMA decreased with increasing nuclear grade and TNM stage, this difference failed to achieve statistical significance.存在，出现occurred, occurrence ,existed, existence, presence, present多数，少数the overwhelming majority of, in the majority of cases ，a marked majority, handful方法approaches, avenues, methods, techniques, means, tools发生率Incidence, frequency, prevalenceIn contrast with regions of high incidence, the mutation spectrum did not show a high prevalence of mutations at A:T base pairs.发现，阐明，报道，证实verify, confirm, elucidate, identify, define, characterize, clarify, establish, ascertain, explain, observe, illuminate, illustrate，demonstrate, show, indicate, exhibit, presented, reveal, display, manifest，suggest, propose, estimate, prove, imply, disclose，report, describe，facilitate the identification of ，screening ，isolation改变change, alteration,高，增加high, enhanced, elevated, increased, forced各种，多种in multiple types of neoplasia, in various types of apoptosis, in a variety of tumors关系，相关，参与closely involved in, associated,广泛的in an extensive survey进行conducte， perform, carry out,降，少，缺decrease, reduction, reduced, diminish, loss, suppression, deficient, low, weak, faint, light, absence, absent, undetectable, lack ,defective, negative,poor,impaired, greatly reduced or completely absent, frequently lost or down-expressed, presented discontinuous and weaker expression, completely negative, was not detectable or dramatically reduced, very faint, was undetectable or barely detectable, no expression was found,角色，起作用role, part （limited, potential, early, possible role），serve antiapoptotic functions可能性feasibility密切地intimately难理解的，似谜的enigmatic (x remains enigmatic)潜在假定的potential, candidate, putative,缩写abbreviations识别，辨别discernment事件Metastasis to the liver is a common event in clinical oncology.a putative tumor initiating eventa (more, extremely, highly, rather, fairly) common initial,a common event in the signal transduction mechanisms of, in the signal transduction processesa common event associated with the mechanisms ofa common early event in responses of, after high-dose chemotherapya common event following gestational exposure to immunotoxicantsa common event （that occurs） during apoptosis is……a common event during oncogenic transformation, in neoplastic transformation that directly or indirectly involves activation of specific tyrosine kinase signaling pathwaysa common event through whicha common event in vivoa rather common event of unknown biological significancea common event resulting from heterogeneous aberrationsa common event regardless of histological subtyping, but does not bear any pejorative significancea common event contributing toa rare, common, prerequisite, central, major, transient, initiation, stressful, critical, crucial, secondary, independent, regulatory, early, earlier, late, later, subsequent, circumstantial, untoward, upstream, irreversible, very frequent event提供，帮助provide, supply, help (to), contribute to, offer, allow, dedicate, devote, assist in调节（失调，上调，下调）dis-regulation, dys-regulation, up-regulation, up-expression, over-expression, down-expression, down-regulation,推测 presume,speculate ,confer, conjecture ,guess, deduce，deduction (推论)无所不在地(表达，如MEN1)ubiquitously显著,优先的prominent, pronounced, obvious, marked, predominant, strong, striking ,notable, Conspicuously, remarkably，significant, preferential, prevalence, prevalent,相关性related, more relevant with ，the relevance ofno intergroup difference，irrespective ofThere was no significant correlation to gender, age, clinical symptoms, histology, T or N status, TNM stage, or tumor location.Neither eNOS nor nNOS expression was associated with vascular density, tumor grade or the TNM status of the tumors.No correlations were found between bFGF and age, menopausal status,TNM or pTNM, histology, SBR grading or steroid receptors.we did not find any correlation between bax expression and any clinicopathologic parameters (sex, age, TNM status, tumor grade, histological type).相同，同等并列The coordinated induction of all three FOXO3a targets prompted us to examine the status of FOXO3a itself with a similar pattern to协同，加强synergize with研究analysis, survey, study, research, investigation, experiments, trial, observations, assessment, inquiry, examinations ,pursue investigation into, analyze, detect, determinate, be focused on, measure, examine, test, assess, evaluate, explore,一致which is in accord with the resultswhich corroborated the resultswhich supported the results优缺点merits and drawbacks，beneficial and detrimental异常aberration, abnormality重要crucial, key, important, major, be of critical importance相反On the contrary,In contrary,but quite on the contraryin sharp contrast,contrary to what would be expectedContrary to the expectation thatContrary to previous beliefs,Contrary to the hypothesis,Contrary to current popular truismsContrary to current cognitive theories,However, contrary to expectation,…….Contrary to predictions,…in contrast to previous observations…Contrary to prediction,……Contrary to most previous claims,与一起in combination with, coupled with由于、鉴于 In light of In view that。
SCI论文准备写作投稿技巧常用英文词汇汇总
一、先想先写最后做:1. 做研究之前，必须想清楚：结果能不能发表？发表在哪里？2. 先把文章大框写好，空出数据，等做完实验填完空就可以发了；正所谓心中有沟壑！3. 在未搞清“写什么、发哪里、自己研究与同类研究有何出色之处”之前，就不要动手做！4. 继续去看文献，去想；想不清楚就做还不如不做！5. 要想这样做，就得先看文献！要知道如何把文章架起来、要知道别人是如何讨论的、要知道自己的数据是不是说明了与别人不同的东东或别人没有做过……这个过程就是阅读文献及思考的过程，这些搞清楚了，写就简单了！6. 要是先做事，做完发现别人做过，或无法用理论来解释，岂不是冤大头？二、如何科学选题:1. 课题选择和国际接轨。
想在国际核心期刊发表文献，就必须了解国际研究动态，选择与国际学术研究合拍的课题。
由于多方面因素的影响，我国科学研究选题与国际先进水平还有一定距离。
我国一家权威科研机构不久前在国挑选了许多前沿领域的研究课题，准备参与国际合作，但到美国后发现近三分之二的课题已经不属前沿，在美国很少有人研究。
在高校，一些教师治学严谨、基础扎实，但科研成果不突出，重要原因就是不重视有关领域学术动态，不能选得合适的课题。
2. 课题要有可发展性。
课题可发展性对高水平论文的持续产出具有极大作用。
中国科技大学洪义另辟蹊径，发展了诺贝尔奖得主狄拉克(Dirac)奠定的量子论的符号法，系统地建立了“有序算符的积分理论”，1998年有24篇论文被SCI收录；他对自己论文高产的解释是，研究“具有开创性，突破一点以后就可以向纵深发展，使研究工作自成系列、成面成片”。
我院被SCI收录论文最多的新民老师从事凸性理论研究，该理论兴起于20世纪7 0年代，90年代进入高峰。
作为新兴研究领域，该理论本身有许多尚待研究之处，同时该理论也可用来解决最优化方面的问题。
反之，有人由于所接触的问题已处于该研究分支的末端，即使在该点上有所突破，也难持续发展。
3. 借助工具选题：①查阅有关领域的检索工具，这些工具各高校都有；②了解SCI收录期Ｄ分册的来源出版物目录(Lists of Source Publications)查找，还可从ISI引用期刊报告(J ournal Citation Reports，简称JCR)了解期刊信息，该文献有印刷版、网络版(JCR on the Web)和光盘版(JCR on CD-ROM)；③利用ISI提供的选题工具帮助，例如，能对正在开展的工作进行量化分析以保证用户科学研究同科学发展趋向一致的(Essential Scienc e Indicators)，介绍有关最杰出人物研究状况、有关领域研究热点和发展趋向的(ISI Highl y Cited.)；④利用网上数据库了解国际学术研究动态及有关资料。
SCI写作常用词句-整理
SCI写作常用词句词汇背景/讨论回顾：review, summarize, present, outline, describe目的：purpose, attempt (to), aim (at),研究：study, present, include, focus, emphasize, emphasis, attention; investigate, report, carry out; deal with;观点：suggest, repot, present, expect, describe，support, provide, indicate, identify, find, demonstrate, confirm, clarify，recommend, propose, point out; the above statement means that; it can be claimed/concluded that; it provides information to ; speculate, raise the possibility that, the above findings raised the intriguing possibility, implicate, define the role of , collectively suggest that, postulate, show, the major finding of this work showed that; verify; elucidate; explore; propose; suppose; prompt us to hypothesize that额外：additionally；again；also；and then；as can be easily understood；besides；equally important；especially；finally；for the same reason；first；further；furthermore；in addition (to)；last；likewise；moreover；next；second；third；too；evidently；obviously；roughly speaking；broadly speaking；因此：accordingly；as a result；consequently；for this reason；hence；in short；otherwise；then；therefore；thus；truly；因为：given，due to; this is because；given; since;比较：in a like manner；likewise；similarly；alternatively；compared with; …相关：be independently related to; be associated with; have a substantial impact on一致：this is consonant with the fact that; consistent with; similar to; in accordance with;转折：and yet；at the same time；but；for all that；however；yet；in fact；in contrast；in the real life；in spite of；nevertheless；notwithstanding；normally；on the contrary；on the other hand；still；traditionally；rather；unfortunately；in contrast; in stark contrast to; contradictory results have been reported让步妥协：after all；although this may be true；at the same time；even though；even so；I admit；naturally；of course；the recommendations made in this report, if implemented, should;时间关系：after a short time；afterwards；as indicated earlier；as long as；as soon as；at last；at length；at the moment；at that time；at the same time；before；earlier；currently；immediately；in the meantime；in recent years；lately；later；meanwhile；often；of late；presently；recently；soon；shortly；since；thereupon；temporarily；therefore；until；when；while；举例关系：for example；for instance；incidentally；indeed；in fact；in other words；in particular；in practice；specifically；that is；to illustrate；in this respect；theoretically；as mentioned before / above；总结：in brief；in conclusion；in short；in summary；on the whole；to conclude；in general；to summarize；to sum up；as a result；ultimately；taken together; clearly, collectively;形容程度：markedly, abundantly, exceptionally; quantitatively; strongly;导致：contribute to; result in; lead to;共同：in combination with; combinational therapies of … and …; the combination of … plus … ;改善：improve the clinical outcome of ;阻止：hinder …’s attempts to意义：provide a valuable novel insight into .. mechanism of …；begun a new era in; build up the key link; can be regarded as / achieved / used to/for / found / obtained through; satisfy the needs; an increasing need for expanding the application of .未来研究：further experiments should address the question既往研究：has great potential / yet to be resolved / spurred the development of /beenrecognized as; most past efforts have been spent on ...; The basic philosophy/principles of /key element/general hypothesis/candidate list of/concept of ... has attracted wide interest/function is concerned with/hear/impact/nature/role/task of/kernel functions; It is believed/noted/assumed/suggested/shown/quite evident/appears/implies that/intended for/of no important to方法研究过程：test study, investigate,examine,experiment, discuss, consider, analyze, analysis方法：measure, estimate, calculate用途：use, apply, application结果结果提示：show, result, present结论：summary, introduce,conclude句子表示目的1、The purpose of the inference engine can be outlined as follows:2、The ultimate goal of the xx system is to allow the non‐experts to utilize the existing knowledge in the area of manual handling of loads, and to provide intelligent, computer‐aided instruction for xxx.3、The paper concerns the development of a xx4、The scope of this research lies in5、The main theme of the paper is the application of rule‐based decision making.6、These objectives are to be met with such thoroughness and confidence as to permit ...7、The objectives of the ... operations study are as follows:8、The primary purpose/consideration/objective of9、The ultimate goal of this concept is to provide10、The main objective of such a ... system is to11、The aim of this paper is to provide methods to construct such probability distribution.12、In order to achieve these objectives, an xx must meet the following requirements:13、In order to take advantage of their similarity14、more research is still required before final goal of ... can be completed15、In this trial, the objective is to generate...16、for the sake of concentrating on ... research issues17、A major goal of this report is to extend the utilization of a recently developed procedure for the xx.18、For an illustrative purpose, four well‐known OR problems are studied in presence of fuzzy data: xx.19、A major thrust of the paper is to discuss approaches and strategies for structuring ..methods20、This illustration points out the need to specify21、The ultimate goal is both descriptive and prescriptive1、In this paper, we present a … approach to …本文提出了一种针对…的…方法。