Jack London杰克伦敦及其作品介绍
Jack London英文简介
Jack London英文简介杰克;伦敦，美国现实主义作家，一共写过19部长篇小说，150多篇短篇小说和故事，3部剧本等，下面是给大家整理的Jack London英文简介，供大家参阅!Jack London简介Jack London, formerly known as John Griffith London (January 12, 1876 - November 22, 1916), American realist writer. He has written 19 novels, more than 150 short stories and stories, 3 plays and so on. The main works are: novel collection "wolf's son", novella "wild call", "love life", "white teeth", novel "sea wolf", "iron hoof" and "Martin Eden" and so on.Jack London was born in 1876 in San Francisco, a bankrupt family of farmers. Because of family poverty, since childhood engaged in physical labor. When child labor, loading and unloading workers and sailors, and then wandering around the United States. Rely on labor income was admitted to the University of California at Berkeley, because of poverty was forced to drop out after joining Alaska and other gold rushranks. In the early years of the rough life experience for his later engaged in the creation of a rich source, his creative thinking is more complex, by Marx, Spencer, Nietzsche and other people influence, in his youth works, beating to the capitalism The pulse of social challenges, after the fame gradually into extreme individualism and emptiness, November 22, 1916 taking morphine over death.Jack London人物经历Early experienceJack London was born on January 12, 1876 in California, a bankrupt family of farmers. In childhood he had the taste of poverty and hardship. At the age of eight, in order to make a living, he had to go to a livestock farm as a shepherd. After the age of 10, he began in San Francisco near the city of Auckland when the newsboy, dock workers, sailors sailors, lin factory workers and so on. During this period, Jack London began to read a lot of novels and other books. At the age of 16, he was unemployed, had to wander in the eastern United States and Canada, living in the slums of the metropolis, and was "unemployed loitering" and arrested and imprisoned, a few months later to regain freedom.The poor and the lack of joy in childhood made Jack London mature early. Jack London had to work halfway fromthe age of 10, and whenever possible, he would spend his time reading. At the age of nine, Jack London has been familiar with the Washington Wales wrote the Spanish travel "Al Khan La". He also read some of the novels borrowed from the hired workers, what he caught at what. Jack London 11 years old left the ranch came to Auckland, in the free public library hungry to read the first book can be borrowed. Until 16 years old, he has been working - reading, reading - workmanship. Because the poor Jack London primary school after graduation to work, about 10 years old began to do newsboy and canned workers, in the street fighting in the training of a skill, became a small rogue head. His favorite activity is driving a vessel. At the age of 13, he had been driving the boat through the storm in the San Francisco Bay, others almost hard to believe, but that is the truth. Later, he saved a little money, bought a boat, the original is for fun, and soon after they met the ostrich thieves, they also do not like the cost of doing business. He gathered a group of companions, sailing to steal the San Francisco Bay farmer's oysters, and even burn someone else's boats. He fights alcoholism, laughs and races, and battles on hundreds of miles of sea. Soon he met the Bay Patrol, and vice versa to catch the oyster thieves.At the age of 17 he was on a hunting boat sailor, after North Korea, Japan, to the Bering Sea area to go hunting seals. On the way he passed the cold, storm, the most heavy hard labor training, participated in the hunting of various activities of the seal. Because from childhood in the Gulf to play the boat, he was a boat, in the age of the ship was small but won the praise of the owner and colleagues. But also because of the small beaten, able to participate in the sailors are the most brutal activities, so he paid a lot of friends, listening to many interesting and terrible stories. These are valuable materials of his ocean novels. "Sea Wolf" describes the rich life of the hunting seal ship is a wonderful example. The ocean life was so hard, but he did not forget to read, and when he returned to San Francisco Bay, he had finished the blessing of Lady Flattery and Tolstoy's Anna Card Lenina ".The road to literatureVoyage return to his own experience written as a prose "Japanese Haikou typhoon", participated in the "Voice" magazine writing contest, won the first prize, get twenty dollars (second, three are college students) The Jack London, who had only received primary education, showed his creative talents for the first time, thanks to hisusual hard work - he carefully read the excellent works of the literary masters and developed the habit of taking notes. Perhaps he is encouraged by this, embarked on the road of literature.At this time Jack London has been awakened from the early ignorance. He determined to master the most advanced technology: electrical, then to the Auckland tram company to job. He told the manager that he was willing to eat what he was trying to master. The manager allowed him to work for thirteen hours a day, without a Sunday, and he was tired and alive. Then he knew that there were actually two workers who had gone to work at the top of the day. The two men were $ 40 a month, eighty yuan, and he took thirty dollars a month. And a person who went to work by his top because there are three sons to feed, but can not for life, committed suicide. This is a very profound lesson for Jack London, he angrily threw out the hands of the coal shovel.The hard labor let him know a terrible truth: no matter how strong and strong, ten years, twenty years after there will always be more young and powerful people to take over him, threw him into the garbage heap.In 1904, he joined the unemployed team from SanFrancisco to Washington to petition the east coast. He was on the way for some reason out of the team, they steal the train in the North American wandering, with the car police, flight attendants hide and seek, travel around the country, as a pleasure. He was arrested and sentenced to thirty days of hard labor, witnessed the appalling reality of the American prison. After he was released, he steal the train to the west coast of Canada, and then from the sailor south, back to San Francisco. This special form of travel gave him a wealth of life experience, especially the experience of poor tramps. He understood the truth: the most concerned about the poor are often poor people.He has been interested in reading, even when doing Oyster thieves also read many books on his boat. He began to read a lot. He read the works of Saint Simon, Fourier, and Proudhon, and understood the evil of private property; he even read Marx's "communist manifesto" and understood how communism was going on.In order to study he was 19 years old when he entered the Auckland Middle School, ready to test university, while joining the Socialist Party. He attended the workers' rally, delivered a fierce speech, advocated the destruction of theexisting social order, and had been arrested. When he was studying at Auckland High School, he published the novel "Ogasawara Islands" in the school's newspaper, which lasted two months, so that he was more interested in literature. In 1897, 21-year-old Jack London entered the University of California at Berkeley (UC Berkeley), but after the shortage of funds from Berkeley dropped out of school.He had hoped to rely on labor for a living, continue to study, but found that it is almost a fantasy. He worked in a laundry workshop, tired and dead, there is no time and energy to study. In his reading dream on the brink of collapse, Alaska found the news of gold, brought him a new hope. In March 1897, Jack London set foot on the gold rush.He got a little support, and three companions prepared eight thousand pounds of material to prepare for the winter in the Crocker. They had overcome the difficulties before the arrival of the winter, and went through the Yukon River near the Arctic, where he spent the winter.On the way to the Yukon River Valley, London's clever craftsmanship gave a wonderful opportunity to perform. They cut their own wood, made two ships, along the YukonRiver downstream sailing. On the way they met a turbulent river, many people have tried to pass and fail, that the river is unable to cross the day of danger, but Jack London said he was sure to pass. He really and two companions driving a boat in the crowd of cheers in the Enron through the rapids, and then come back to drive the second boat. This caused a lot of dilemma of the attention of the gold rush, they continue to ask Jack to help the ship through the rapids. Jack London asked each boat for twenty-five dollars in remuneration, he at the helm, and partners together with a scattered wooden boat passing through the dangerous area. They made three thousand dollars for this. They could have earned five more, but they had no time, and they had to go downstream before the winter.He read many books in the winter camp of Yukon River, such as Darwin's "origin of species", Spencer's "primary principle", Marx's "capital theory", and Milton's "Paradise Lost" and Brown Ning's poem. These people in the "sea wolf" to see the sea wolf Larsen read, and Fan Weiden, Brewster discussed.Unfortunately, they did not have fresh fruit and vegetables,Jack London had scurvy, had to go home. He and his companions drove a ship, with 19 days to finish the 1900 miles range, came to the Bering Strait, from there to return to California. In this period of time he has sketched out some of the outline of the novel, and later wrote out for their own to win the immortal fame, but also to some of the people and the dog's story widely circulated, which will have "wild call "Rick the dog and some other people. After returning from Yukon, he had a little money and read many books. He read very hard, working 19 hours a day. He read economics, read history and historical writings, read biology, anthropology and philosophy, and read a lot of literary works. In his novel Martin Eden, the hero Martin Eden who saw a very hard study of this extremely hard life.Jack London's father died, in order to bear the family life, he began to odd jobs. When looking for work, Jack London wrote "down the river", but the manuscript to return to the. Waiting for the date of rejection, he wrote a twenty thousand outrageous serial novel, but also to return to the. Although the manuscripts were returned twice, Jack London was still out of time to write, continue to write new themes. Finally, "mainland magazine"published his first novel - "Cheers for the hurry", royalties only to the 5 yuan. Soon, "black cat" magazine and out of 40 yuan to write a novel, so, finally have a turn for the better.Transition journalistIn 1900, Jack London's first novel collection "The Wolves" was published, immediately for him to obtain a great reputation and considerable generous income. At the invitation of the American News Agency, he went to Africa to interview the Boer War, and in London, the news agency changed the way, calling him not. At that time he was in the United States as a sailor to the London slums lived for more than three months, deep into the life there, made a detailed investigation, made first-hand information, returned after the publication of the newspaper "people in the abyss" The This book made him famous among American socialists.In 1904 he accepted the Hearst newspaper hiring, to the Far East interview the news of the Russo-Japanese War. He came to Japan, saw the Japanese government deliberately retreating the intention of national journalists, they quietlywent to Nagasaki, would like to catch a ship to North Korea to the front, but the Japanese police as a Russian spy caught stand up. After the release he took a small motorboat to North Korea's Busan. There is no one hundred people on the motorboat food, can not shelter, only in the cold on the deck to sleep. To Busan he got a canopy boat, hired three non-English-speaking Koreans to help, on their own driving skills into the Yellow Sea, along the coast, in the cold forty degrees and the wind Sailed for six days and six nights, and finally arrived in Incheon. At this time he has been black and blue, feet, fingers and ears are frozen, but he took a break after the start again. This time he was riding a horse, for several weeks of horseback march took him to Pyongyang, it was already all the war correspondent can reach the most northern point. Where he was put into jail for the second time by the Japanese. After he was released from prison, he was only forty miles away from the front, from which there was a story and a lot of photos, completed the other journalists did not complete the task. He was again threatened with another arrest until he was intervened by the President of the United States. In the completion of the task of the interview, Jack repeatedly in the cold driving a canopy without sailing, soharsh life has a very personal experience. "Sea Wolf" has a vivid description of this life.Roaming the worldIn 1906, he decided to build a ship, driving himself around the world. He is expected to travel for seven years, a week around the earth, but he is not a good financial home, shipbuilding almost became a joke. That boat originally planned to spend seven thousand dollars, in fact, let him spend a few million, and a lot of problems. He can not wait, relied on his ability to sail on the departure, but he reluctantly to the ship to Hawaii, they had to start repair, after repair has been very difficult to open to Australia. The ship has been unable to move forward, he had to sell it to three thousand dollars low, the end of this time although the romantic but failed voyage.However, he still created amazing results in that voyage. He had driven the very bad boat from Hawaii to Massachusetts. At that time, the "Pacific Shipping Guide" pointed out that due to the impact of equatorial currents and trade winds, the currents were unusually complicated, and no one had ever traveled, but Jack London had driven a barely repaired ship through his death The Hewas infected with a strange disease on the way. In the "sea wolf" we read the tropical ocean and trade winds for the poetic description of the material, the material is about from here to get.DeathOn Tuesday, November 21, 1916, Jack London plans to go to New York the next day, and plans to take a long walk to see the Chicago tournament, buy some fine cattle, but that night he took excessive morphine death. There was a book on his desk, and he wrote some numbers of dollars. When he was suffering from uremia, but the doctor that the uremia as his death is not convincing. Then there are only two explanations: suicide, or the calculation of the wrong dose. From his daytime arrangements, not like suicide; but then the important dose calculation is also an error is also difficult to accept.Jack London英文简介。
Jack London杰克伦敦简介
Influence
London had always explored the true meaning of his life. His exploration spirit and his faith of never yielding to any pressure have been praised by many people
storyvividlyshowspersistencekeywords作家冒险生活死亡之谜二1904年报道日俄戓争乊后在旧金山报纸上发表黄祸一文1908年和1910年分别写了两部所谓小说中国佬和空前绝后的入侵以及其他涉及中国海外移民题材的白不眼泪等多篇作品
Jack London
Presented BY Jasmine
London was part of the radical literary group “The Crowd” in San Francisco and a passionate advocate of unionization（工会）, socialism, and the rights of workers. He wrote several powerful works dealing with these topics.
我宁愿是燃烧过后的灰烬也不愿为地上的灰尘! 我宁愿让点点星火猛烈燃烧殆尽也不愿任其干腐. 我宁愿做一闪而过的流星,让每一点碎片都擦出火光,也不愿做死寂的恒星. 人的职责是生活,而不是存在. 我不会浪费时间试图延长寿命. 但,我会用尽生命中的每一秒.
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Jack London introduction
中文名：杰克·伦敦 外文名：Jack London 别名： 约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦国籍：美国出生地： 旧金山 出生日期： 1876年1月12日 逝世日期： 1916年11月22日 职业： 作家 代表作品： 《野性的呼唤》，《海狼》，《白牙》，《马丁·伊登》简介美国小说家。
生于旧金山，他来自“占全国人口十分之一的贫困“浪花号”上的杰克伦敦不堪的底层阶级”。
大约是个占星术家的私生子，在一个既无固定职业又无固定居所的家庭中长大。
是美国著名的现实主义作家。
美国传记小说家伊尔文·斯通在他的《马背上的水手》里称他是美国无产阶级文学之父。
他的作品不仅在美国本土广泛流传，而且受到世界各国人民的欢迎。
他在现代美国文学和世界文学都享有崇高地位。
杰克·伦敦２４岁开始写作，去世时年仅４０岁。
十六年中他共写成长篇小说１９部，短篇小说１５０多篇，还写了３个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。
这些作品共同为我们展示了一个陌生又异常广阔的世界：那荒凉空旷又蕴藏宝藏的阿拉斯加，波涛汹涌岛屿星罗棋布的太平洋，横贯美洲大陆的铁路线，形形色色的鲜活人物，人与自然的严酷搏斗，人与人之间错综复杂的社会关系……杰克·伦敦的创作，笔力刚劲，语言质朴，情节富于戏剧性。
他常常将笔下人物置于极端严酷，生死攸关的环境之下，以此展露人性中最深刻、最真实的品格。
杰克·伦敦赞美勇敢、坚毅和爱这些人类的高贵的品质，他笔下那“严酷的真实”常常使读者受到强烈的心灵震撼。
伟大的革命导师列宁在病榻上时，曾特意请人朗读小说，其中就有杰克·伦敦的短篇小说《热爱生命》。
列宁给予这部小说很高的评价。
写作风格他的作品独树一帜，充满筋肉暴突的生活和阳刚之气，最受男子汉的欢迎。
有人说在他之前的美国小说在写作大都是为姑娘们写的，而他的作品则属于全体读者，不但普通读者欢迎，就是大家闺秀们也喜欢放下窗帘关上大门偷偷去品味他那精力旺盛、气势逼人的作品。
jack london 杰克伦敦
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At 14, graduated from grammar school（英：文 法学校，美：初级中学）.
• At 18, protest the wretched working conditions sentenced to the Penitentiary (罪犯)教养所 • At 20, enrolled at the University of California .
At 40,died of uremia (尿毒症).（ London committed suicide with morphine(麻醉剂 ). ）
Jack London
An American author, journalist, and social activist A pioneer in the vigorous development of the world commercial magazine fiction One of the first fiction writers to obtain worldwide celebrity and a large fortune from his fiction alone
Introduction of the Story
Buck, a powerful BernardScotch Collie dog, lives a comfortable life in California’s Santa Clara Valley as the pet of Judge Miller.However, the gardener’s assistant, steals Buck and sells him to pay a gambling debt.
杰克-伦敦与《野性的呼唤》
杰克-伦敦与《野性的呼唤》[摘要]美国作家杰克·伦敦一生坎坷，富有戏剧性，短暂的创作生涯却十分多产，《野性的呼唤》等一批代表作以动物喻人，因其浪漫的冒险故事情节，深受读者喜爱，享有极高的文学声誉。
[关键词]杰克·伦敦；《野性的呼唤》一、引言（一）杰克·伦敦其人杰克·伦敦（JackLondon，1876~1916）的生平就像他的小说一样富有故事性。
杰克·伦敦早年生活十分贫穷。
他从小卖报，在罐头厂当童工，也在滚球场打杂，以贴补家庭。
十四岁那年，继父受伤，杰克·伦敦成了家庭经济支柱。
经济压力也驱使他当过“蠔贼”——夜间偷采养殖场的牡蛎。
接着他又一百八十度大转弯，一下子成了“渔业保护巡逻队”队员，专门逮捕盗窃鱼贝类的人。
1893年经济危机中，他参加“工人军”进军华盛顿，要求改善劳工生活。
示威失败后，他被当作“流浪汉”关进监狱。
杰克·伦敦早年只受过零星教育，十九岁那年才刚刚进奥克兰高中，但他决心今后要“以脑力谋生”。
此后，他一度成为激进的社会主义者，一次在公园因无证讲演又被关押。
1896年整整一个夏季，杰克·伦敦经过每天十九个小时的拼命温习，终于考入加利福尼亚大学，但不到一年就退学。
退学以后，他从亲戚处借得相当一笔钱，去加拿大克朗代克淘金。
一年以后，他没有淘到一粒金沙，却带着坏血症返回美国。
但他还带回了另一件东西：一本密密麻麻写满多篇小说构思和提要的笔记本。
这是他失败的一年，又是他一生中最有价值的一年。
杰克·伦敦几乎一动笔就获得成功。
从1899年起，他的短篇小说和文章在《大陆月刊》（OverlandMonthly）、《黑猫》（BlackCat）、《家《美国教育杂志》（AmericanJournalofEducation）、庭》（HomeMagazine）、《大西洋月刊》、《猫头鹰》（TheOwl）等刊物上相继出现。
1900年，他的第一本书——短篇小说集《狼的儿子》（TheSonoftheWolf）出版，并大受读者欢迎。
杰克伦敦
马丁·伊登 马丁 伊登是个出身低微的水手，出于偶然结识了上层小 伊登 姐露丝。马丁自惭形秽，发奋求学，并产生了强烈的创作 欲，于是走上了文学写作的道路。但是出版界对他的作品 一概拒之门外，露丝也对他大泼冷水。马丁却并不气馁。 露丝因阶级观念的差别与马丁在人生观上越来越格格不入， 便与马丁分手了。 这时命运开始眷顾马丁了。他的作品突然受到出版界 的青睐，各大出版商争相出版他的作品，甚至连以前的东 西也变得洛阳纸贵。上流社会头面人物纷纷主动与他相交， 露丝也表示要重续前情，甚至愿意委身于他。然而,上流 社会并没有真正接纳马丁,只是出于人云亦云的盲从。好 友的死以及对生活感到极大的空虚、对生命意义的迷惘让 马丁选择了跳海而死.
那上面 摆着一排排的硬面包，褥子也给硬面包塞得满 满的；每一个角落里都塞满了硬面包。然 而他的神志非常清醒。他是在防备可能发生的 另一次饥荒——就是这么回事。研究科学 的人说，他会恢复常态的；事实也是如此。
马丁伊登
让我此生在热血沸腾中度过！让我沉醉在醇酒 般的梦里，莫使我这泥塑的肉身，眼见着终以 空虚的躯壳毁于尘泥！
《嘉莉妹妹》 嘉莉妹妹》
美貌天真的农村姑娘嘉莉妹妹羡慕大城市的物质生活， 来到芝加哥做女工，每天工作得筋疲力尽，依然不够 维持日常开销。为生活所迫、也为了获得她一直梦想 的富裕生活，她当了一个年轻的推销员杜洛埃的情妇。 后来，酒店经理赫斯渥爱上了她，他从酒店的保险柜 里偷走了一万元，带她一起逃到纽约。二人同居后， 赫斯渥运气不佳，找工作四处碰壁，穷困潦倒。嘉莉 离开他，由于偶然的机会成了名演员。最后，赫斯渥 在乞丐收容所里结束了自己的生命。嘉莉虽然春风得 意，有了金钱和地位，但仍然惆怅空虚，坐在摇椅里， “梦想着永远不会感得的幸福”。
铁蹄
政治幻想小说 大同世界 革命英雄——埃弗哈德 ，社会主义者
杰克伦敦
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杰克. 伦敦( Jack London, 1875一1916) 原名约翰. 格利 菲斯. 伦敦( John Gr iffith London), 生于美国旧金山。 1900年, 伦敦24 岁时出版了他的第一部小说集<<狼子 >>( The Son of the Wolf), 立即誉满全国。 到1916年他年满40时, 已出版了51部著作, 是个很高产的 作家。 他的作品在当时独树一帜, 充满了生命间激烈的搏斗与冲 突, 凸显着生 命的气势。如果说后来海明威的作品中是以人与自然的抗 争为主题, 那么在伦敦的许多作品中, 不仅可以看到人与 自然的抗争, 还可以看到在同一艰苦的自然环境中为了生 存人与动物, 以及动物之间的对抗, 如: <<荒野的呼唤>>、 <<热爱生命>>。在这些对抗中, 人类为欲望所驱使展现出 的原始的野性, 动物因与人类真挚的感情所表现出的人性 都被淋漓尽致地刻画出来。
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这部脍炙人口的动物小说, 开创了一种新体裁的写作风格, 选择巴克作为故事的主人公是富有深意的。 巴克是一只狗, 是跨越了人类和狼两种群体的生命形 式,“他连接了过去和现在”。狗是人类文明的产物, 是 从狼演变而来的, 没有人类文明, 它们大概仍旧只会在黑 夜的荒原上嗥叫。从这个角度说, 从狼到狗是一道文明的 履痕。犬科动物与灵长目建立起来的联系不像驯养马那样 具有创造历史的意义,却也构成了可能对人类社会和文明 产生持久而重要影响的一种共生。 人类从荒原时代进入文明的社会是一种进步, 但人类从开 始分享文明的盛宴时,也就开始了自身的堕落。对于我们 这些在现代文明中早已被驯化, 且无知于这种驯化的人类 而言, 这本书无疑为我们开拓了另外一片视野。
杰克·伦敦——美国现实主义作家
杰克·伦敦——美国现实主义作家杰克·伦敦介绍中文名：杰克·伦敦外文名：Jack London别名：约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦国籍：美国出生地：旧金山出生日期：1876年1月12日逝世日期：1916年11月22日职业：作家毕业院校：加州大学伯克利分校(肄业)代表作品：《野性的呼唤》，《海狼》，《白牙》，《马丁·伊登》，《热爱生命》杰克·伦敦(Jack London，1876年1月12日-1916年11月22日)，原名约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦(John Griffith London)，美国现实主义作家。
他一共写过19部长篇小说，150多篇短篇小说和故事，3部剧本等。
主要作品有：小说集《狼的儿子》，中篇小说《野性的呼唤》、《热爱生命》、《白牙》，长篇小说《海狼》、《铁蹄》和《马丁·伊登》等。
杰克·伦敦1876年生于旧金山一个破产农民的家庭。
因家境贫困，自幼从事体力劳动.当过童工，装卸工和水手等，后又在美国各地流浪。
靠劳动所得曾进加州大学伯克利分校学习，因贫困被迫退学后加入过阿拉斯加等地淘金者的行列。
早年坎坷的生活经历为他后来从事创作提供了丰富的源泉，他的创作思想较为复杂，受到过马克思、斯宾塞、尼采等多人影响，在他青年时代的作品中，跳动着向资本主义社会挑战的脉搏，成名后逐渐陷入极端个人主义和空虚中。
1916年11月22日，杰克·伦敦服用吗啡过量身亡，年仅40岁。
人物经历早年经历杰克·伦敦于1876年1月12日出生在美国加利福尼亚州一个破产的农民家庭。
童年时的他就已饱尝了贫穷困苦的滋味。
8岁的时候，为了谋生，他不得不到一个畜牧场当牧童。
10岁以后，他开始在旧金山附近的奥克兰市当报童、码头小工、帆船水手、麻织厂工人等。
这期间，杰克·伦敦开始阅读大量的小说和其他读物。
16岁时，他失业了，不得不在美国东部和加拿大各地流浪，住在大都市的贫民窟里，并曾以“无业游荡罪”而被捕入狱，几个月以后才重获自由。
杰克-伦敦与《野性的呼唤》
杰克-伦敦与《野性的呼唤》[摘要]美国作家杰克·伦敦一生坎坷，富有戏剧性，短暂的创作生涯却十分多产，《野性的呼唤》等一批代表作以动物喻人，因其浪漫的冒险故事情节，深受读者喜爱，享有极高的文学声誉。
[关键词]杰克·伦敦；《野性的呼唤》一、引言（一）杰克·伦敦其人杰克·伦敦（JackLondon，1876~1916）的生平就像他的小说一样富有故事性。
杰克·伦敦早年生活十分贫穷。
他从小卖报，在罐头厂当童工，也在滚球场打杂，以贴补家庭。
十四岁那年，继父受伤，杰克·伦敦成了家庭经济支柱。
经济压力也驱使他当过“蠔贼”——夜间偷采养殖场的牡蛎。
接着他又一百八十度大转弯，一下子成了“渔业保护巡逻队”队员，专门逮捕盗窃鱼贝类的人。
1893年经济危机中，他参加“工人军”进军华盛顿，要求改善劳工生活。
示威失败后，他被当作“流浪汉”关进监狱。
杰克·伦敦早年只受过零星教育，十九岁那年才刚刚进奥克兰高中，但他决心今后要“以脑力谋生”。
此后，他一度成为激进的社会主义者，一次在公园因无证讲演又被关押。
1896年整整一个夏季，杰克·伦敦经过每天十九个小时的拼命温习，终于考入加利福尼亚大学，但不到一年就退学。
退学以后，他从亲戚处借得相当一笔钱，去加拿大克朗代克淘金。
一年以后，他没有淘到一粒金沙，却带着坏血症返回美国。
但他还带回了另一件东西：一本密密麻麻写满多篇小说构思和提要的笔记本。
这是他失败的一年，又是他一生中最有价值的一年。
杰克·伦敦几乎一动笔就获得成功。
从1899年起，他的短篇小说和文章在《大陆月刊》（OverlandMonthly）、《黑猫》（BlackCat）、《家《美国教育杂志》（AmericanJournalofEducation）、庭》（HomeMagazine）、《大西洋月刊》、《猫头鹰》（TheOwl）等刊物上相继出现。
1900年，他的第一本书——短篇小说集《狼的儿子》（TheSonoftheWolf）出版，并大受读者欢迎。
jack london
《热爱生命》讲述的是这样一个故事：一个美国西部 热爱生命》讲述的是这样一个故事： 的淘金者在返回的途中被朋友抛弃了， 的淘金者在返回的途中被朋友抛弃了，他独自跋涉在 广袤的荒原上。冬天逼近了，寒风夹着雪花向他袭来， 广袤的荒原上。冬天逼近了，寒风夹着雪花向他袭来， 他已经没有一点食物了，而且他的腿受了伤， 他已经没有一点食物了，而且他的腿受了伤，鞋子破 脚在流血。他只能歪歪斜斜地蹒跚在布满沼泽、 了，脚在流血。他只能歪歪斜斜地蹒跚在布满沼泽、 丘陵、小溪的荒原上，非常艰难地前行着。 丘陵、小溪的荒原上，非常艰难地前行着。就在他的 身体非常虚弱的时候，他遇到了一匹病狼。 身体非常虚弱的时候，他遇到了一匹病狼。他发现这 匹病狼跟在他的身后。舔着他的血迹尾随着他。 匹病狼跟在他的身后。舔着他的血迹尾随着他。就这 样，两个濒临死亡的生灵拖着垂死的躯壳在荒原上互 相猎取对方。为了活着回去、 相猎取对方。为了活着回去、为了战胜这匹令他作呕 的病狼．最终在人与狼的战斗中人获得了胜利， 的病狼．最终在人与狼的战斗中人获得了胜利，他咬 死了狼，喝了狼的血。最终他获救了， 死了狼，喝了狼的血。最终他获救了，使生命放射出 耀眼的光芒。 耀眼的光芒。
这篇小说在艺术上有什么特点? 这篇小说在艺术上有什么特点
故事情节的传奇性与具体细节的逼真性的高度 统一，可以说是这篇小说的最大特色。一方面， 统一，可以说是这篇小说的最大特色。一方面，这 篇小说的整个故事情节都带有传奇色彩。 篇小说的整个故事情节都带有传奇色彩。作者将主 人公安置到一个困苦险恶到极点的生存环境中， 人公安置到一个困苦险恶到极点的生存环境中，让 其经受着一般人难以想象的考验；另一方面， 其经受着一般人难以想象的考验；另一方面，这又 是一篇极为逼真的小说， 是一篇极为逼真的小说，我们在紧张曲折的故事情 节中很难找到人为编造的痕迹， 节中很难找到人为编造的痕迹，作者准确地摹拟了 主人公在特定境遇中的心理感受与意识活动． 主人公在特定境遇中的心理感受与意识活动．非常 逼真地展示了一个疲惫、 逼真地展示了一个疲惫、衰弱的人在荒原上的艰难 求生过程， 真实性” 求生过程，其“真实性”可谓达到了无以复加的程 度。
JackLondon英文简介
Jack London英文简介杰克·伦敦，美国现实主义作家，一共写过19部长篇小说，150多篇短篇小说和故事，3部剧本等，下面是店铺给大家整理的Jack London英文简介，供大家参阅!Jack London简介Jack London, formerly known as John Griffith London (January 12, 1876 - November 22, 1916), American realist writer. He has written 19 novels, more than 150 short stories and stories, 3 plays and so on. The main works are: novel collection "wolf's son", novella "wild call", "love life", "white teeth", novel "sea wolf", "iron hoof" and "Martin Eden" and so on.Jack London was born in 1876 in San Francisco, a bankrupt family of farmers. Because of family poverty, since childhood engaged in physical labor. When child labor, loading and unloading workers and sailors, and then wandering around the United States. Rely on labor income was admitted to the University of California at Berkeley, because of poverty was forced to drop out after joining Alaska and other gold rush ranks. In the early years of the rough life experience for his later engaged in the creation of a rich source, his creative thinking is more complex, by Marx, Spencer, Nietzsche and other people influence, in his youth works, beating to the capitalism The pulse of social challenges, after the fame gradually into extreme individualism and emptiness, November 22, 1916 taking morphine over death.Jack London人物经历Early experienceJack London was born on January 12, 1876 in California, a bankrupt family of farmers. In childhood he had the taste ofpoverty and hardship. At the age of eight, in order to make a living, he had to go to a livestock farm as a shepherd. After the age of 10, he began in San Francisco near the city of Auckland when the newsboy, dock workers, sailors sailors, lin factory workers and so on. During this period, Jack London began to read a lot of novels and other books. At the age of 16, he was unemployed, had to wander in the eastern United States and Canada, living in the slums of the metropolis, and was "unemployed loitering" and arrested and imprisoned, a few months later to regain freedom.The poor and the lack of joy in childhood made Jack London mature early. Jack London had to work halfway from the age of 10, and whenever possible, he would spend his time reading. At the age of nine, Jack London has been familiar with the Washington Wales wrote the Spanish travel "Al Khan La". He also read some of the novels borrowed from the hired workers, what he caught at what. Jack London 11 years old left the ranch came to Auckland, in the free public library hungry to read the first book can be borrowed. Until 16 years old, he has been working - reading, reading - workmanship. Because the poor Jack London primary school after graduation to work, about 10 years old began to do newsboy and canned workers, in the street fighting in the training of a skill, became a small rogue head. His favorite activity is driving a vessel. At the age of 13, he had been driving the boat through the storm in the San Francisco Bay, others almost hard to believe, but that is the truth. Later, he saved a little money, bought a boat, the original is for fun, and soon after they met the ostrich thieves, they also do not like the cost of doing business. He gathered a group of companions, sailing to steal the San Francisco Bay farmer's oysters, and even burn someone else'sboats. He fights alcoholism, laughs and races, and battles on hundreds of miles of sea. Soon he met the Bay Patrol, and vice versa to catch the oyster thieves.At the age of 17 he was on a hunting boat sailor, after North Korea, Japan, to the Bering Sea area to go hunting seals. On the way he passed the cold, storm, the most heavy hard labor training, participated in the hunting of various activities of the seal. Because from childhood in the Gulf to play the boat, he was a boat, in the age of the ship was small but won the praise of the owner and colleagues. But also because of the small beaten, able to participate in the sailors are the most brutal activities, so he paid a lot of friends, listening to many interesting and terrible stories. These are valuable materials of his ocean novels. "Sea Wolf" describes the rich life of the hunting seal ship is a wonderful example. The ocean life was so hard, but he did not forget to read, and when he returned to San Francisco Bay, he had finished the blessing of Lady Flattery and T olstoy's Anna Card Lenina ".The road to literatureVoyage return to his own experience written as a prose "Japanese Haikou typhoon", participated in the "Voice" magazine writing contest, won the first prize, get twenty dollars (second, three are college students) The Jack London, who had only received primary education, showed his creative talents for the first time, thanks to his usual hard work - he carefully read the excellent works of the literary masters and developed the habit of taking notes. Perhaps he is encouraged by this, embarked on the road of literature.At this time Jack London has been awakened from the early ignorance. He determined to master the most advancedtechnology: electrical, then to the Auckland tram company to job. He told the manager that he was willing to eat what he was trying to master. The manager allowed him to work for thirteen hours a day, without a Sunday, and he was tired and alive. Then he knew that there were actually two workers who had gone to work at the top of the day. The two men were $ 40 a month, eighty yuan, and he took thirty dollars a month. And a person who went to work by his top because there are three sons to feed, but can not for life, committed suicide. This is a very profound lesson for Jack London, he angrily threw out the hands of the coal shovel.The hard labor let him know a terrible truth: no matter how strong and strong, ten years, twenty years after there will always be more young and powerful people to take over him, threw him into the garbage heap.In 1904, he joined the unemployed team from San Francisco to Washington to petition the east coast. He was on the way for some reason out of the team, they steal the train in the North American wandering, with the car police, flight attendants hide and seek, travel around the country, as a pleasure. He was arrested and sentenced to thirty days of hard labor, witnessed the appalling reality of the American prison. After he was released, he steal the train to the west coast of Canada, and then from the sailor south, back to San Francisco. This special form of travel gave him a wealth of life experience, especially the experience of poor tramps. He understood the truth: the most concerned about the poor are often poor people.He has been interested in reading, even when doing Oyster thieves also read many books on his boat. He began to read a lot. He read the works of Saint Simon, Fourier, and Proudhon, and understood the evil of private property; he even read Marx's"communist manifesto" and understood how communism was going on.In order to study he was 19 years old when he entered the Auckland Middle School, ready to test university, while joining the Socialist Party. He attended the workers' rally, delivered a fierce speech, advocated the destruction of the existing social order, and had been arrested. When he was studying at Auckland High School, he published the novel "Ogasawara Islands" in the school's newspaper, which lasted two months, so that he was more interested in literature. In 1897, 21-year-old Jack London entered the University of California at Berkeley (UC Berkeley), but after the shortage of funds from Berkeley dropped out of school.He had hoped to rely on labor for a living, continue to study, but found that it is almost a fantasy. He worked in a laundry workshop, tired and dead, there is no time and energy to study. In his reading dream on the brink of collapse, Alaska found the news of gold, brought him a new hope. In March 1897, Jack London set foot on the gold rush.He got a little support, and three companions prepared eight thousand pounds of material to prepare for the winter in the Crocker. They had overcome the difficulties before the arrival of the winter, and went through the Yukon River near the Arctic, where he spent the winter.On the way to the Yukon River Valley, London's clever craftsmanship gave a wonderful opportunity to perform. They cut their own wood, made two ships, along the Yukon River downstream sailing. On the way they met a turbulent river, many people have tried to pass and fail, that the river is unable to cross the day of danger, but Jack London said he was sure to pass. He really and two companions driving a boat in the crowd of cheersin the Enron through the rapids, and then come back to drive the second boat. This caused a lot of dilemma of the attention of the gold rush, they continue to ask Jack to help the ship through the rapids. Jack London asked each boat for twenty-five dollars in remuneration, he at the helm, and partners together with a scattered wooden boat passing through the dangerous area. They made three thousand dollars for this. They could have earned five more, but they had no time, and they had to go downstream before the winter.He read many books in the winter camp of Yukon River, such as Darwin's "origin of species", Spencer's "primary principle", Marx's "capital theory", and Milton's "Paradise Lost" and Brown Ning's poem. These people in the "sea wolf" to see the sea wolf Larsen read, and Fan Weiden, Brewster discussed.Unfortunately, they did not have fresh fruit and vegetables, Jack London had scurvy, had to go home. He and his companions drove a ship, with 19 days to finish the 1900 miles range, came to the Bering Strait, from there to return to California. In this period of time he has sketched out some of the outline of the novel, and later wrote out for their own to win the immortal fame, but also to some of the people and the dog's story widely circulated, which will have "wild call "Rick the dog and some other people. After returning from Yukon, he had a little money and read many books. He read very hard, working 19 hours a day. He read economics, read history and historical writings, read biology, anthropology and philosophy, and read a lot of literary works. In his novel Martin Eden, the hero Martin Eden who saw a very hard study of this extremely hard life.Jack London's father died, in order to bear the family life, he began to odd jobs. When looking for work, Jack London wrote"down the river", but the manuscript to return to the. Waiting for the date of rejection, he wrote a twenty thousand outrageous serial novel, but also to return to the. Although the manuscripts were returned twice, Jack London was still out of time to write, continue to write new themes. Finally, "mainland magazine" published his first novel - "Cheers for the hurry", royalties only to the 5 yuan. Soon, "black cat" magazine and out of 40 yuan to write a novel, so, finally have a turn for the better.Transition journalistIn 1900, Jack London's first novel collection "The Wolves" was published, immediately for him to obtain a great reputation and considerable generous income. At the invitation of the American News Agency, he went to Africa to interview the Boer War, and in London, the news agency changed the way, calling him not. At that time he was in the United States as a sailor to the London slums lived for more than three months, deep into the life there, made a detailed investigation, made first-hand information, returned after the publication of the newspaper "people in the abyss" The This book made him famous among American socialists.In 1904 he accepted the Hearst newspaper hiring, to the Far East interview the news of the Russo-Japanese War. He came to Japan, saw the Japanese government deliberately retreating the intention of national journalists, they quietly went to Nagasaki, would like to catch a ship to North Korea to the front, but the Japanese police as a Russian spy caught stand up. After the release he took a small motorboat to North Korea's Busan. There is no one hundred people on the motorboat food, can not shelter, only in the cold on the deck to sleep. To Busan he got a canopy boat, hired three non-English-speaking Koreans to help, on theirown driving skills into the Yellow Sea, along the coast, in the cold forty degrees and the wind Sailed for six days and six nights, and finally arrived in Incheon. At this time he has been black and blue, feet, fingers and ears are frozen, but he took a break after the start again. This time he was riding a horse, for several weeks of horseback march took him to Pyongyang, it was already all the war correspondent can reach the most northern point. Where he was put into jail for the second time by the Japanese. After he was released from prison, he was only forty miles away from the front, from which there was a story and a lot of photos, completed the other journalists did not complete the task. He was again threatened with another arrest until he was intervened by the President of the United States. In the completion of the task of the interview, Jack repeatedly in the cold driving a canopy without sailing, so harsh life has a very personal experience. "Sea Wolf" has a vivid description of this life.Roaming the worldIn 1906, he decided to build a ship, driving himself around the world. He is expected to travel for seven years, a week around the earth, but he is not a good financial home, shipbuilding almost became a joke. That boat originally planned to spend seven thousand dollars, in fact, let him spend a few million, and a lot of problems. He can not wait, relied on his ability to sail on the departure, but he reluctantly to the ship to Hawaii, they had to start repair, after repair has been very difficult to open to Australia. The ship has been unable to move forward, he had to sell it to three thousand dollars low, the end of this time although the romantic but failed voyage.However, he still created amazing results in that voyage. He had driven the very bad boat from Hawaii to Massachusetts. Atthat time, the "Pacific Shipping Guide" pointed out that due to the impact of equatorial currents and trade winds, the currents were unusually complicated, and no one had ever traveled, but Jack London had driven a barely repaired ship through his death The He was infected with a strange disease on the way. In the "sea wolf" we read the tropical ocean and trade winds for the poetic description of the material, the material is about from here to get.DeathOn Tuesday, November 21, 1916, Jack London plans to go to New York the next day, and plans to take a long walk to see the Chicago tournament, buy some fine cattle, but that night he took excessive morphine death. There was a book on his desk, and he wrote some numbers of dollars. When he was suffering from uremia, but the doctor that the uremia as his death is not convincing. Then there are only two explanations: suicide, or the calculation of the wrong dose. From his daytime arrangements, not like suicide; but then the important dose calculation is also an error is also difficult to accept.。
《热爱生命》杰克伦敦
《热爱生命》杰克伦敦《热爱生命》杰克伦敦《热爱生命》杰克伦敦1故事讲述的是一名淘金者在返途中扭伤了脚腕，他的伙伴一一比尔无情地抛弃了他，他独自在荒原上寻找着出路。
脚伤让他每前进一步都非常困难，更可怕的是难以忍受的饥饿。
处于无奈，他将淘来的金沙全平均分成两份，将其中的一份小心翼冀地藏好，带着另外的一份继续艰难地前行。
在途中他珍藏自己的66根能给他生命希望的火柴，他的脚皮开肉绽每一步都拖着血印，他遇到了鹿和嘴里叼着松鸡的狐狸，但他手无寸铁，他掏干了水坑的水想抓鱼吃但屡屡失败。
在生与死的抉择中，他扔掉了所有的金沙。
就在他的身体极度虚弱的时候，他遇到了一只生病的狼。
他发现这只病狼在舔着他的血迹尾随着他。
就这样，两个濒临死亡的生灵拖着垂死的身躯，在荒原上互相猎取对方。
为了活着回去、为了战胜这匹令他作呕的病狼，最终在人与狼的战斗中人获得了胜利，他咬死了狼，喝了狼的血。
并最终获救。
一、整体把握这篇课文节选自美国著名小说家杰克·伦敦同名小说中的后半部分（结尾除外）。
作者以雄健、粗犷的笔触，细腻、逼真地叙述了一个身处绝境、濒临死亡的人，在顽强的求生意识和钢铁般的意志作用下，经过艰苦卓绝的搏斗，终于战胜了饥饿、伤病、寒冷以及野兽的威胁而起死回生的传奇故事。
小说中的主人公这个人是一个美国西部的淘金者，他在返回途中被朋友所抛弃，只好独自一人跋涉在渺无人烟的荒原上，不久他就陷入到了弹尽粮绝的困境中。
更不幸的是他的腿脚先后受伤，只能踉踉跄跄地行走在布满沼泽、丘陵与溪流，随时有野兽出没的荒原上。
在极度虚弱中，他发现有一匹病狼循着他的血迹紧紧跟随着他，显然是要把他作为猎物。
于是，这两个濒临死亡的生物在荒原上展开了一场互相猎取对方生命的生死搏斗。
最终他咬死了狼，吞咽下狼的血，让生命重新放射出光彩。
课文可以分为三部分：从文章开始到它们之间的联系已经非常微弱为第一部分。
叙述这个人在遭遇到棕熊并凭着自己的勇气与智慧得以逃脱之后，又重新振作起来继续前进。
杰克伦敦的作品
杰克伦敦的作品
杰克伦敦（Jack London）是20世纪著名的美国作家，其作品以描写自然、冒险和社会现实主义著称。
他的作品广泛涉及自然主题，包括北方的冰雪世界、森林和海洋等。
同时，他也关注社会问题，探讨人类的本性和社会制度。
以下将介绍几部杰克伦敦的代表作品。
1.《野性的呼唤》
《野性的呼唤》是杰克伦敦最知名的作品之一。
这部小说以一只狗的视角展示了在阿拉斯加野外生存的挑战和残酷。
故事讲述了一只名叫白牙的狼狗，它在人类社会和野外生活之间游走，最终找到自我和归属的故事。
2.《马丁•伊登》
《马丁•伊登》是杰克伦敦的一部自传体小说。
讲述了一个叫马丁•伊登的普通年轻人，他在追求自我认知和理想的过程中经历了痛苦与困惑。
小说反映了作者对社会现实的批判和对自我价值的思考。
3.《南海的震荡》
《南海的震荡》是一部描写人与自然抗争的冒险小说。
故事讲述了一支船员在南海的冒险旅程中遭遇风暴、海盗等种种困难，展现了人类在自然面前的渺小和无奈，同时也体现了人类的顽强和勇气。
结语
杰克伦敦以其对自然和社会的深刻洞察，以及对人性与命运的思考而闻名。
他的作品质朴真挚，富含对人类生存状态的探讨与揭示。
通过阅读杰克伦敦的作品，读者可以体会到自然的壮丽、社会的残酷，以及人类内心的挣扎与追求。
杰克 伦敦
那时正是美国大萧条的1904年，他参加了从旧金山到华盛 顿去请愿的失业者队伍，向东海岸迚发。他途中因敀脱离 了队伍，便偷乘火车在北美大陆流浪，跟车警、乘务员捉 迷藏，周游全国，以此为乐。他曾经被捕，罚作了三十天 苦役，亲眼见到了美国监狱里骇人听闻的现实。出狱后他 偷乘西去的列车到了加拿大西海岸，再从那做水手南下， 回到旧金山。这次特别形式的旅游给了他丰富的人生体验， 尤其是贫困的流浪汉的体验。他明白了一个道理：最能够 兲心穷苦人的往往是穷苦人。他对读书一直就有关趣，就 连在做蚝贼时也在他的小艇上读过许多书。流浪归来他开 始大量阅读。他读过圣西门、傅立叶、蒲鲁东的作品，明 白了私有财产的罪恶；他甚至读马兊思的《共产主义宣 言》，大体懂得了共产主义是怎么回亊。为了读书他十九 岁时迚了奥兊兰中学，准备考大学，同时加入了社会党。 他参加工人集会，发表激烈的演说，主张破坏现有的社会 秩序，幵曾经因此被捕。在奥兊兰中学读书时他在学校的 报纸上发表了小说《小笠原群岛》，连载了两个月，这样， 他从亊文学的关趣更浓厚了。
角度一理论依据
逆境给人宝贵的磨炼机会，只有经得起环境考验的人,才能算 是真正的强者。自古以来的伟人,大多是抱着不屈不挠的精神, 从逆境中挣扎奋斗过来的。 ——松下并乊助 逆境展示奇才，顺境隐没英才。——霍勒斯 人的生命似洪水在奔流，不遇着岛屿、暗礁，难以激起美 丼的浪花。——奥斯特洛夫斯基
角度事：丰富的人生经历
这时杰兊·伦敤已经誉满全国，有了丰厚的经济收入，但他仍不 满足于平静的生活。1906年，他决定建造一艘船，自己驾着去环 游世界。他预计旅行丂年，绕地球一周，可他幵不是一个好理财 家，造船活动几乎成了个笑话。那船原计划花丂千元，实际上让 他多花了好几七元，而且毛病很多。他不能够再等待，仗着自己 驾船的本领就出发了，可他勉强把船驾到了夏威夷，便不得不开 始修理，修好后有很吃力地开到了澳大利亚。那船已经无法在前 迚，他便只好把它以三千元的低价卖掉，结束这次虽然浪漫却失 败的航行。但是，他在那次航行里仍然创造了惊人的成绩。他曾 经驾驶那艘蹩脚至枀的船从夏威夷直航马兊萨斯。当时的《太平 洋航运指南》指出，由于赤道海流和贸易风的影响，那一带海流 异常复杂，从来没有人胜利驾船通过，但是杰兊·伦敤却驾驶了 一艘勉强修复的船经过九死一生闯了过去。他在途中染上了一身 怪病。在《海狼》里我们读到的对于热带海洋和贸易风的很富诗 意的描写，其素生活素材大约便是从这里获得的。
杰克·伦敦
在美国文学发展史上,《马丁伊登》 在美国文学发展史上,《马丁伊登》起着先 驱作用,后来不少描写"美国梦" 驱作用,后来不少描写"美国梦"破灭的作 品都或多或少地受到它的影响.围绕这部书 引起的争论首先是在主题上,按照杰克 引起的争论首先是在主题上,按照杰克伦敦 的本意,他写这部属的宗旨之一乃是攻击个 人主义,但大多数评论家都认为他实在为个 人主义辩护,而相当多的读者是把马丁 人主义辩护,而相当多的读者是把马丁伊登 当作"个人奋斗" 当作"个人奋斗"的典型来接受的.其次是 语言,有人认为"充满元气和力量" 语言,有人认为"充满元气和力量",也有 人认为"粗糙" 人认为"粗糙","变化少". 变化少"
通过对杰克伦敦的 《海狼》及其有关作品 的分析,文章揭示了杰 克伦敦小说中表现出来 的强烈的兽性意识,并分 , 析了兽性意识产生的背 景及思想基础,挖掘了在 兽性意识里面所蕴含的 社会意义.
在《海狼》一书里 ,杰 克伦敦把社会大舞台搬 到了一艘与世隔绝的海 船上 ,通过强者与弱者 的生死拼搏与相互变位 , 弱者战胜强者 ,讴歌了 社会正义 ,谴责了暴力 和强权 ,表明了作者的 人生理念和对人生命运 的深刻思考
杰克伦敦 (1876—1916)
李晓霞 宋环
是美国作家,生于旧金山一 个破产农民的家庭.因家境 贫困,自幼从事体力劳动, 当过童工,装卸工和水手等, 后又在美国各地流浪.靠劳 动所得曾进过加利福尼亚大 学学习.在1897年加入过 阿拉斯加等地淘金者的行列. 早年坎坷的生活经历使他体 会到下层人民的悲惨处境和 人与人之间的激烈竞争,成 为他后来从事创作的源泉.
杰克·伦敦——流浪汉的文学之路(1)
杰克·伦敦——流浪汉的文学之路（1） 杰克·伦敦是着名的美国小说家，他一生共创作了约50卷作品，其中最为着名的有《荒野的呼唤》、《海狼》、《白牙》、《马丁·伊登》和一系列优秀短篇小说《老头子同盟》、《北方的奥德赛》、《马普希的房子》等。
杰克·伦敦是一个自幼当童工，漂泊在海上，跋涉在雪原，而后半工半读才取得成就的作家。
他那带有传奇浪漫色彩的短篇小说，往往描写太平洋岛屿和阿拉斯加冰于雪地的土着人和白人生活，大部分都可说是他短暂一生的历险记。
他作品中的现实主义风格和多格化的题材，以及强烈显来出来的作家的独特个性，多少年来一直深深吸引着不同时代、不同经历的读者。
《热爱生命》就曾受到列宁的赞赏，直到逝世的前几天，列宁的手里还捧着它。
“童年——少年”时期强烈的读书欲望 杰克·伦敦幼时家境困苦，可他对文学的兴趣和理想却是难以遏制的。
他的读书欲望十分强烈，因此，为了兼顾生活与学习，杰克·伦敦从10岁起就不得不半工半读，只要有可能，他就会把时间都用在读书上。
不满9岁时，杰克·伦敦就已经熟读了华盛顿·欧文写的西班牙旅行记《阿尔汗伯拉》。
他还读了一些从雇工那儿借来的一毛钱一本的小说，他抓到什幺就读什幺。
杰克·伦敦11岁离开牧场来到奥克兰，在免费的公共图书馆里如饥似渴地读着能借到的第一本书。
到16岁之前，他一直是做工——读书，读书——做工。
这时候，杰克·伦敦产生了强烈的出去冒险的欲望，于是，他结识了一些劫蚝贼，入伙干起了劫蚝的勾当，接着又反过来加入了追捕劫蚝贼的水上巡逻队。
后来，他搭上一艘海船，到日本沿海和白令海一带捉海豹，沿途经过太。
《野性的呼唤》
作品影响与地位
《野性的呼唤》是杰克·伦敦最著名、最受读者欢迎的小说之一，被视为现代文学 中的经典之作。
该作品不仅在文学领域有着重要的地位，还对后来的电影、电视等媒体产生了深 远的影响。同时，它也深刻反映了人类与自然的关系，以及生命的本质和意义等 问题。
02
故事情节
主要人物介绍
01
巴克
一条黄金犬，故事的主人公，经历从驯服到野性的转变。
2023
《野性的呼唤》
汇报人：
目 录
• 简介 • 故事情节 • 人物分析 • 艺术特色 • 作品评价与影响 • 结语
01
简介
作者及生平
杰克·伦敦（Jack London）是一位美国作家，出生于1876年 ，逝世于1916年。他的一生充满着奋斗与探索，作品涉及多 个领域，包括小说、散文、随笔等。
05
作品评价与影响
文学价值与社会意义
文学价值
该作品以其细腻的描绘和深刻的情感，展现了人与自然、文 明与野性的冲突与融合，是杰克·伦敦的代表作之一，对美国 文学产生了深远影响。
社会意义
作品所揭示的人与自然的关系及社会现实，对当代社会具有 深刻的启示意义，引导人们重新审视人与自然的关系，关爱 自然，珍惜环境。
聪明且狡猾
巴克是一个非常聪明的角色，他 能够利用自己的智慧和狡猾来获 得自己的利益。
巴克的内心世界
对自由的渴望
巴克内心深处渴望自由，他不断努力挣脱束缚，追求自由的生活。
对过去的怀念
巴克对过去的生活有着深深的怀念，他不断回忆过去的生活，与过去的经历产生共鸣。
对未来的憧憬
巴克对未来充满希望和憧憬，他不断努力向着自己的目标前进。
语言风格
生动形象
Jack London杰克伦敦及其作品介绍
Novels
• Human beings in nature
• The Call of the Wild (1903) • The Sea-Wolf (1904) • White Fang (1906)
• Human beings in the city
• The Iron Heel (1908) • Martin Eden (1909)
Themes
• The primary theme of the story is of survival and a return to primitivism.
• based on Darwin's concept of survival of the fittest
• Buck symbolizes a reaction against industrialization and social convention with a return to nature.
• Socialism
• wrote from a socialist viewpoint • (The Iron Heel 1984) • London's socialism grew out of his life experience • (How I Became a Socialist) • Joined the Socialist Labor Party in 1896 • Joined the Socialist Party of America in 1901 • The War of the Classes (1905) • Revolution, and other Essays (1906)
• The setting is allegorical: the south represents the soft, materialistic world; the north symbolizes a world beyond civilization and is inherently competitive. • The harshness, brutality, and emptiness in Alaska reduce life to its essence.
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Central character
• Buck
• A domesticated dog living at a ranch in California as the story opens
• The War of the Classes (1905) • Revolution, and other Essays (1906)
Works
• Short story collections (21) • Novels (23) • Autobiographical memoirs (2) • Non-fiction and essays (23) • Plays (3) • Poetry (45)
Literary position
• American author, journalist, and social activist
• One of the first fiction writers to obtain worldwide celebrity and a large fortune from his fiction alone
• To Build a Fire (1902), best known • Love of life
• Science fiction
• The Unparalleled Invasion describes germ warfare
against China
Novels
• Human beings in nature
• Klondike Gold Rush (21)
• the setting for some of his first successful stories
• A social conscience and socialist leanings; he returned to become an activist for socialism
• A pioneer in the then-burgeoning world of commercial magazine fiction
• Influence on later writers, such as, Hemingway, George Orwell
Views
• Atheism
• “I believe that when I am dead, I am dead. I believe that with my death I am just as much obliterated(彻底毁灭的) as the last mosquito you and I squashed.”
• Genre: Adventure novel,
Animal fiction
• The story is set in the Yukon during the 19th-century Klondike Gold Rush—a period when strong sled dogs were in high de(13)
• Had a mistress aged 16 (15)
• Sailor (17)
• Worker
• Tramp
• Admitted to the University of California, Berkeley (20, forced to leave due to financial circumstances the next year)
Jack London
Life experience
• Born : January 12, 1876 • San Francisco, California, US • Died : November 22, 1916 • Aged 40 • Old name John Griffith Chaney
• Socialism
• wrote from a socialist viewpoint
• (The Iron Heel 1984)
• London's socialism grew out of his life experience
• (How I Became a Socialist)
• Joined the Socialist Labor Party in 1896 • Joined the Socialist Party of America in 1901
Short stories
• Western writer and historian Dale L. Walker writes: “London's true métier was the short story ... London's true genius lay in the short form, 7,500 words and under, where the flood of images in his teeming brain and the innate power of his narrative gift were at once constrained and freed.”
• He concluded that his only hope of escaping the work "trap" was to get an education and "sell his brains".
• He saw his writing as a business, his ticket out of poverty, and, he hoped, a means of beating the wealthy at their own game.
• The Call of the Wild (1903) • The Sea-Wolf (1904) • White Fang (1906)
• Human beings in the city
• The Iron Heel (1908) • Martin Eden (1909)
The Call of the Wild