湖北联考考博英语历年试题题型题量综合分析
2005年湖北大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2005年湖北大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Structure and V ocabulary 3. Cloze 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingReading ComprehensionToday, a high-level finance manager is just as likely to be a casual-looking 21-year-old as a balding executive. They have all either started their own companies or head a division within an existing firm. Most are under 30. Many of them share a tendency to think, speak and act fast. A detailed psychological study carried out recently on young business start-uppers aged over 25 revealed some common characteristics. The head psychologist at the University of Northumbria, Dr. Martyn Dyer-Smith, says “We found that they are opportunists. They have that entrepreneurial ability to take whatever is in front of them and turn it to their advantage. Any fool can make US $ 2 if they are in the right place at the right time, what is much harder is to actually plan their business. Originally I had a hypothesis that they planned a long time ahead, but I was wrong. What came across was a surprisingly short planning time. They took the opportunities as and when they came up.”What cannot be underestimated, though, is self-confidence. “There is an amazing, almost abnormal, belief in themselves and (they) go very much on intuition.”Says Dyer-Smith. While there is no typical pattern to what puts someone in the fast lane, there are some common threads: living up to the expectations of parents, channeling excessive amounts of energy into business, or finding a way to overcome personal barriers such as dyslexia (a reading disability) or learning difficulties, for example. The biggest surprise was the lack of young women. This was particularly unexpected, given the recent publicity about how girls are performing better than boys at school and becoming more confident and ambitious. But young women are opting for more secure careers rather than gambling with their future. With only a handful of female role models, some girls are not even considering being their own boss, let alone working on a concept fresh out of school, according to Dr Susan Vinnicombe, director of the center for the Development of Women Business Leader. “Women are going more into the corporate structure and doing well there. But perhaps the reason that they are not doing business for themselves at an earlier age is because women’s attitudes are different. They perceive risk in a different way to men, who are not worried about borrowing huge amounts of money if it’s going to help their business in the long term. Women are more cautious and more hesitant ,”she says. Vinnicombe sees the lack of female entrepreneurs as part of a larger problem about women and the IT industry. Given that the computer world is one of the key areas for growth, where youth is an asset, it is “remarkable” that so many women are missing out on it. “The number of women in IT has actually dropped in the past 10 years. There is a real problem with attracting them to the IT industry, as girls don’t seem to want to do it at university. It’s become such a worrying issue that I know thegovernment is looking into ways to attract them.”1．What is the passage mainly about?A．Lack of young managers all over the world.B．Features of high-level finance managers.C．Origins of the decline in female-dominated industry.D．Aims of a young woman fresh out of school.正确答案：B解析：本文主要涉及高层金融管理人员的特征。
考博英语题型
考博英语题型摘要：1.考博英语概述2.考博英语的题型及分值分布3.各种题型的备考策略4.总结正文：一、考博英语概述考博英语，全称为博士研究生入学考试英语，是我国博士研究生招生全国统一考试的一部分。
其主要目的是测试考生的英语语言运用能力，以确保考生具备良好的英语水平，能够胜任博士研究生阶段的学术研究和学习。
考博英语考试的成绩是衡量考生英语水平的重要依据，对于考生能否顺利进入博士研究生阶段具有重要意义。
二、考博英语的题型及分值分布考博英语考试分为听力、阅读理解、完形填空、翻译和写作五个部分，总分为100 分。
各部分的分值分布如下：1.听力：20 分，包括短文听力和长对话听力。
2.阅读理解：30 分，包括传统阅读和阅读新题型。
3.完形填空：10 分，测试考生的语言知识和语境理解能力。
4.翻译：10 分，主要测试考生的英汉互译能力。
5.写作：30 分，包括小作文和大作文，主要测试考生的英语书面表达能力。
三、各种题型的备考策略1.听力：多做听力练习，尤其是模拟试题和真题，提高听力水平和答题速度。
同时，注意积累常用词汇和短语，提高听力理解能力。
2.阅读理解：提高阅读速度和理解能力，善于捕捉文章的主旨和细节。
多做阅读练习，积累词汇和语法知识，提高阅读水平。
3.完形填空：熟悉完形填空题型，掌握解题技巧。
通过多做练习，提高对语境的理解和词汇运用能力。
4.翻译：熟悉英汉互译的技巧和方法，积累常用短语和句型。
通过练习，提高翻译准确性和表达能力。
5.写作：掌握写作技巧和方法，注重文章结构和逻辑性。
多做写作练习，提高英语书面表达能力。
四、总结考博英语考试是对考生英语水平的一次全面测试，各题型的备考需要有针对性地进行。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：9
2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题What things in life are you most desirous（） attaining?问题1选项A.toB.forC.withD.of【答案】D【解析】desirous of为固定搭配，意为“想要...渴望...”。
选项D符合句意。
2.单选题The team’s efforts to score were（） by the opposing goalkeeper.问题1选项A.surpassedB.doubledC.frustratedD.furthered 【答案】C【解析】句意:球队努力得分, 但由于对方的守门员而惨遭失败。
只有选项C符合句意。
3.单选题Leaks from Edward Snowden, a system’s administrator turned whistleblowe r at the National Security Agency (NSA), America’s signals-intelligence agency, have confirmed that the Internet is insecure, and that modern spy agencies can—and do, on an industrial scale—tap virtually any form of online communication. But perhaps the most acute embarrassment so far has been caused by the revelation that the NSA may have been listening to phone calls made by the leaders of America’s allies,most notably those of the German chancellor, Angela Merkel. But how exactly is it done?A mobile phone is essentially a telephone with a radio attached. Anyone can listen in on the radio waves travelling between a handset and the base station to which it is connected. To prevent casual eavesdropping, phones often (although not always) use encryption, which disarranges the data so that only the intended recipient can make sense of it. But not all encryption is created equal. The encryption used in second-generation (2G) phones—a technology that dates back to 1991一is weak, and readily cracked by modern computers. The 3G standard includes stronger disarranging,although it is still not perfect. 4G, the newest standard, currently being used around the world, likewise offers more competent encryption—although documents leaked by Edward Snowden suggest that the spies are pressuring manufacturers to put secret “back doors” into their products.But getting involved in cryptography isn’t always necessary. Spy agencies can obtain details from telephone companies, either by asking them to cooperate or forcing them to. Another option is to impersonate the mobile network itself, by setting up a fake base-station and persuading the target’s phone to connect to it. At a hacker conference in 2010,a security researcher called Chris Paget gave a detailed demonstration of how this works, using less than $ 2,000 of off-the-shelf equipment (a fake base-station can instruct phones that connect to it to do all sorts of things,such as turn off their encryption). Police forces around the world use a similar gear to silently listen in on calls made by their targets. A recent book describes how the FBI has quietly removed several such fake base-stations- run by foreign embassies—from around Washington,D. C.Nor is it just calls. Text messages can also be snatched. Modern smartphones are general-purpose computers. Users store e-mails on them, fix their position with satellite navigation systems, and even use them for banking, making them very juicy targets indeed. Even if the phones themselves are secure, it is far from clear how secure the behind-the- scenes servers run by Google and Apple, which control the Android and iOS platforms respectively, really are. For the non-spies, there are cheaper, simpler options that often work, too. This week several journalists in Britain are standing trial for hacking the voicemail messages of everyone from serving politicians to murdered schoolchildren. Their methods were low-tech but effective: they smooth-talked employees of mobile-phone companies into handing over thefour-digit pass codes that prote ct their customers’ voicemail accounts. Or else they simplyguessed them, betting that the phone owners either hadn’t changed them from default settings or had chosen easy-to-remember ones, such as 1—2 —3—4. Whether the NSA used low-or high-tech methods to tap Mrs. Merkel’s phone remains a mystery—for now, at least.1.What is the purpose of this passage?2.How can encryption prevent casual eavesdropping?3.According to the context the word “impersonate”(Para. 3)might mean “（）”.4.What is the last paragraph about?问题1选项A.To reveal how Angela Merkel is tapped.B.To narrate the story of leaks from Edward Snowden.C.To explain how phones can be bugged.D.To show the advancement of high technology.问题2选项A.By stopping the usual radio waves.B.By disconnecting a telephone to a radio.C.By making the information incomprehensible.D.By creating equal code pages.问题3选项A.empowerB.designC.personifyD.copy 问题4选项A.Other illegal means to obtain personal information.B.Process of snatching text messages.C.The trial of several British journalists.D.Advice of how to use smartphones in proper ways.【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B【解析】第1题:1.结合文章内容可知,文章由第一段爱德华•斯诺登泄密的故事引出手机窃听,主要目的是为了说明手机是如何被窃听的,所以选项C正确。
湖北省 2008年 博士研究生入学考试英语联考真题笔记
湖北省2008年博士研究生入学考试英语联考试题Part IReading Comprehension(30％)Directions：There are 4 reading passages in this part．Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A，B，C，and D. You should decide on the best choice and markyouranswer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter inthe brackets.Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage：Most of us would like to feel we have some influence over what happens around us and to us. Citizens speak out toinfluence policy on use of nuclear power, conserving the environment and endangered animals，local and state taxes，theappropriate use of funds by organization s of which they are members，proper land use and th e nature of edu cation in thepublic schools, and a host of other issues．Some of these affect the speakers’immediate self-interest; others are attempts tomake the social environment conform more closely to their own ideas. To speak on such matters effectively enough toinfluence the opinions and actions of others is to exercise power．Even in jobs relying on technical specialization，th e opportunities and demands for public speaking skills remain morecommon than many college students realize. The engineer finds that if his career i s to advance he must be willing to acceptmanagement duties that include speaking to groups of employees, or he must serve as a spokesperson for consultant teams presenting results to agen cies outside the company. The certified public accountant finds an opportunity to teach classes in herarea of speculation. The dentist has to give speeches as an offi cer of his dental association．Sometimes you may have to make a speech as part of your duties in your job or organizati on. Perhaps more frequentlyyou will have opportunities where you speak voluntarily, as when you speak out in a meeting．Some of thesespeakingsituations will be of little consequence; you will feel better if you do the speech well，but it will not really make muchdifference．In other situation s, the speech may be significant for the audience．In these situations，it i s comforting to know thatyou can do at least an adequate job．And y ou may not be content merely to get through the task adequately. To be able toincrease listeners’understanding or to persuade them is one of the most civilizedways we as individuals have for affectingour environment．Some beginning-speech students are surprised to discover that they can give a public speech at all，much lesstheskillful and effective ones they will be producing by the end of the course．The primary purposes of a speech course are toexpand y our understanding of techniques and strategies in public speaking，and to give you some practice so that you will bemore confident and effective in more situation s．With skill and confidence you develop a power to benefit yourself and thesociety around you．1．The text intends to sho w youA.A．the importan ce of speaking before the publicB．the techniques and strategies in public speakingC．the purposes and aims of a speech courseD．the most civilized ways to exert our influences2．According to the passage，effective speaking ability does benefit people a lot except onC.A．environmental con servati onB．audience awarenessC．technical maintenanceD．career promotion3．You need to speak effectively if D .A．you are a studentB．you are an engineerC．you want to study wellD．you want to influence others4．It is implied in the text thatA .A．a good speaker may have greater chance in his careerB．making good speeches is part of the duties of an engineerC．speaking at a meeting is often part of one's dutiesD．people often exercise their power by making speeches5．Sometimes you are not content when yo u finish yo ur speech because yo ukno w B .A．you speech makes little differen ce to the audienceB．the audience's better understanding is more essential to youC．making good speeches is part of the duties of an engineerD．the speech-making occasion is not important in the leastQuestions 6-l0 are based on the following passage：The world is undergoing tremendous changes．The rise of globalization, both an economic and cultura l trend that hasswept throughout the world，has forged new ground as we enter the 21st century．But are the effects of globalization alwayspositive? Some say no．Michael Tenet，head of the International Institute for Foreign Relations in Arian, is worried about current resentmentthroughout the world toward the rise of globalizati on．“Ever since the 1980s and the economic collapse of the Asian Tigers inthe late 1990s，there has been a re-evaluation of the role of globalization as a force for good," he said．" Incomes in manycountries have declined and the gap between the most rich and the most poor has been aggravated.Without furtherintervention by governments, we could see a tragedy expressed in an increased level of poverty throughout the Latin Americaand Asia．"Yet George Frank，an influential economist who works on Wall Street，sees no such danger．“Economic liberalization，increased transparency and market-based reforms have positive effect in the long run，even if market mechanisms can produceshort-term destabilization problems，" he said. “What is most important i s that barriers to trade continue to fall so that activecompetition for consumer goods reduces prices and in turn raises the average level of income."Others feel that globalization's cultura l impact may be more important than itseconomic implication s. Janice Yawed，anative of Africa，feel s strongly that globalizati on is undermining her local culture and language．“Most of the world’s dialectswill become extinct under globalization. We're paving the w orld with McDonald's and English slang．It tears me up inside，"she said．Governments of different countries have had mixed responses to the wave ofglobalizati on ．The United States i sgenerally seen as an active propon ent of greater free trade , and it certainly has enormou s cultural influence by virtue of itsnear monopoly on worldwide entertainment ．But other countries, most notably in Europe and developing nations ，have soughtto reduce the impact that globalization has on their domestic affairs.“When I was a boy we had very little to speak of ,” says one Singaporean resident ．"Now our country has developed intoa booming hubfor international finance." Others ，however, are not so optimistic ．"Globalization is an evil force that must behalted," a union official at a car plant in Detroit recently commented, "It's sucking away jobs and killing the spirit of ourcountry."6．As for globalization ，Michael T enet's attitude to it is most probably to be in C . A ．firm support B ．cautious approval C ．great anxiety D ．strong repentance7．The views of Mic hael T enet and George Frank o n glo balizatio n are quite D . A ．optimistic B ．identical C ．worrying D ．contrary8．When mentioning Janice Yaw ed ，the author is talking aboutu B. A ．her local culture and languageB ．the cultural implications of globalizationC ．McDonald's and English slangD ．the economic impact of globalization9．According to paragraph 5，different countries consider globalization as A . A ．a mixed blessing B ．an evil force C ．all active stimulus D ．all intervention10 ．The title which best expresses the main idea of the text w o uld be B . A ．Disadvantages of Globalization in Economic Area B ．People's Respon ses to the Impacts of Globalization C ．Influence of Globalization on the Economy and CultureD ．Different Roles of Globalization in the Development of EconomyQuestions 11-15 are based on the following passage ：In the decades between 1910 and 1930, over ten percent of th e Black populationof the United States left the South，wherethe majority of the Black population had been located，and migrated to northern states，with the largest number moving，it isclaimed，betw een 1916 and 1918．It has been frequently assumed, but not proved，that most of the migrants in what has cometo be called the Great Migration came from rural areas and were motivated by two con current factors：the collapse of cottonindustry following boll-weevil infestation，which began in 1898，and increased demand in the North for labor following thecessation of European immigration caused by the outbreak of the first World War in l914．This assumption has led to theconclusion that th e migrant's subsequent lack of econ omic mobility in the North is tied to rural background, a background thatimplies unfamiliarity with urban living and alack of industrial skills.But the qu estion of who actually left the South has never been investigated in detail. Although numerous investigati onsdocument a flight from rural southern areas to southern cities prior to the Great Migration，no one has considered whether thesame migrants then moved on to n orthern cities．In1910 over 600，000 Black workers，or ten percent of the Black w ork forcereported themselves to be engaged in "manufacturing and mechanical pursuits"，the federal censu s category roughly includingthe entire industrial sector．The Great Migration could easily have been made up entirely of this group and their families．It isperhaps surprising to argue that an employed population could be tempted to move，but an explanation liesinthe laborconditions then prevalent in the South.About thirty-five percent of the urban Black population in the South was engagedin skilled trades. Some w ere from theold arti san class of slavery——blacksmiths，masons，carpenters——which had a monopoly of certain trades，but they weregradually being pushed out by competition，mechanization，and obsolescen ce．Th e remaining sixty-five percent，more recentlyurbanized，worked in newly developed industries——tobacco, lumber，coal and iron manufacture，and railroads．Wages in theSouth，however, were low, and Black workers were aware, through labor recruiters and the Black press，that they could earnmore even as unskilled workers in the North than they could as artisan s in the South．After the boll-weevil infestation．urbanBlack workers faced competition from the continuing influx of both Black and White rural workers, who were driven toundercut the wages formerly paid for industrial jobs. Thus，a move north would be seen as advantageou s to a group that wasalready urbanized and steadily employed，and the easy conclusion tying their subsequent economic problems in the North totheir rural backgrounds comes into question．11．The author indicates the Great Migration explic itly by using_______ as her so urce of information．A．Immigration Service reports in l930B．The first World War in 1918C．The federal censu s in l910D．Southern newspapers in 189812．According to the text, which o f the fo llo wing is true of wages in so uthern c ities in l910?A．They were being pushed lower as a result of increased competition．B．They began to rise so that southern industry could attract rural workers. C．They had increased for skilled workers but decreased for unskilled workers. D．They had increased in large southern cities but decreased in small southern ones. 13．It c an be inferred from the passage that the underlined phrase "easy conclusion" is based on the assumption that ______.A．people who migrate from rural areas to large cities usually do so for economic reasonsB．most people who leave rural areas to w ork in cities return to rural areas as soon as it isfinancially possible for them to do soC．people with rural backgrounds are less likely to succeed economically in cities than thosewith urban backgroundsD．most people who were on ce skilled workers are not willing to work as unskilled workers14．The primary purpose of the passage is to_______.A．introduce a recently discovered source of informationB．support an alternative to an accepted meth odologyC．present eviden ce that resolves a contradictionD．challenge a widely accepted explanation15．The material in the passage w o uld be most relevant to a long discussio n of whic h o f the follo wing to pics?A．The effect of migration on the regional econ omies of the United States following the First World WarB．The reasons for th e subsequent econ omic difficulties of th ose who participated in the Great MigrationC．The tran sition for the subsequent economic difficulties of those who parti cipated in the Great Migration．D．The transition of the agricultural South following the boll-weevil infestation．Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage：However important we may regard school life to be，there is n o gainsaying the fact that children spend more time athome than in the classroom．Therefore, the great influence of parents cannot be ignored or di scounted by the teacher．They can become strong allies of the sch ool personnel or they can consciou sly hinder and thwart curricular objectives．Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parents info rmed of the newer methods used in schools．Manyprincipals have conducted workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program，manuscript writing，anddevelopmental mathemati cs.Moreover, the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervi sors，can also play an important role in enlighteningparents．The many interviews carried on during the years as will as new way s of reporting pupils progress, can significantlya id in achieving a harmonious interplay between sch ool and home.To illustrate，suppose that a father has been drilling Junior in arithmetic processes night after night．In a friendlyinterview, the teacher can help the parent sublimate his natural paternal interest into productive channels．He might bepersuaded to let Junior participate in discu ssing the family budget，buying the food，u sing a yardstick or measuring cup athome，setting the clock，calculating mileage on a trip，and engaging in scores of other activities that have a math ematicalbasis．If the father follows the advice．it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is making satisfactory progressin mathematics and，at the same time，enjoying the work.Too often, however, teachers' conferences with parents are devoted to Petty accounts of children's misdemeanors，complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestion s for penalties and rewards at home．What is needed is more creative approach in which the teacher, as a professi onal adviser, plants ideas in parents' mindsfor the best utilization of the many hours that the child spends out of th e classroom.In this way, the school and the home join forces in fostering the fullest development of youngsters' capacities．16．The central idea conveyed in the passage is that______.A．home training is more important than school training because a child spends so manyhours with his parentsB．teachers can and should help parents to understand and further the objectives of the schoolC．parents unwittingly have hindered and thwarted curricular objectivesD．there are many ways in which the mathematics program can be implemented at home17．The author directly discusses the fact that_______.A．parents drill their children too much in arithmeticB．principals have explained the new art programs to parentsC．a father can have his son help him construct articles at homeD．a parent's misguided efforts can be redirected to proper channels than they are at present18．It can reasonably be inferred that the author _______.A．believes that schools are lacking in guidance personnelB．believes present relation ships between home and school are satisfyingC．feels that the traditional program in mathematics i s slightly superior to the developmental ProgramD．feels that parent teacher interviews can be made much more con structivel9．The author implies that _____.A ．participati on in interesting activities relating to a school subject improves one's achievement in that areaB．school principals do more than their share in interpreting the curriculum to the parentsC．only a small part of the sch ool day sh ould be set apart for drilling in arithmetic D．too many children are lazy and have poor work habits20．The author's primary purpose in writing this passage i s to______. A．tell parents to pay more attention to the guidance of teachers in the matter of educationalactivities in the homeB．help ensure that every child's capacities can fully develop when he leaves school C．urge teachers and school administrators to make u se of a much underused resource of theparentsD．improve the teaching approach in mathematics in and outside the classroomPart IIVocabulary (15%)Directions：There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each senten ce there are four ch oices marked A，B，C，and D．Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence．Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.21．During the King's illness，the doctor i ssued______ twice a day.A．urgencies B．emergen cies C．statements D．bulletins22．Our ______with the President at the airport was exciting.A．arrival B．encounter C．endeavor D．refreshment23．The woods at this season are________ with delicate scentsA．flagrant B．small C．barren D．bright24．Meeting new people widened the young man's_______.A．joys B．horizon s C．range D．vicinities25．We don't encourage them to_______ in any solitary amusements_A．risk B．revive C．indulge D．suspend26．He expected the House to pass the bill by a comfortable_______.A．maple B．marble C．marsh D．margin27．Many people believe that the family is the _______of the community.A．nucleus B．latitude C．swamp D．destiny28．We need one hundred more signatures before we take the_______ to the governor. A．panel B．kernel C．petition D．paragraph29．When the rent was due，the poor man_______ for more time．A．pleaded B．squashed C．exerted D．cursed30．They have had only one_________ to gain the wealth．A．objectivism B．objection C．objective D．objectivity31．It's difficult for my father to_______ without a cane．A．talk back B．sitin C．stand out D．get round32．We'd better_______ the whole place _______in case it's been bugged．A．leave…alone B．check…out C．take…down D．pull…down33．The tiger continued to________ u s by walking round and round our tent.A．trap B．transplant C．menace D．provoke34．Understanding is one of the most important_________ of a happy marriage. A．initiatives B．ingredients C．proverbs D．possessions35．The bandits demanded that one of the travelers should stay with them as a ______．A．huma nitaria n B．horn C．host D．hostage36．The______ of medi cal knowledge is being pushed farther onwards as time goes on．A．potential B．multitude C．frontier D．leap37．The engineers have used special methods to______ the bridge against danger from high winds. A．suppress B．lubricate C．heave D．en sure38．He collects_______ of all kinds of rocks and minerals．A．specimens B．timbers C．serpents D．trunks39．This microscope_______ by 1000 times the sample on th e slides．A．probed B．abided C．magnified D．specified40．She is always looking for______ in what she wants.A．novelty B．token C．h orizon D．fake 41．Married couples can get a divorce if they find they are not_______. A．compatible B．comparable C．comfortable D．communicable42．A hundred dollars will be______ to buy a home computer．A．efficient B．sufficient C．effective D．proficient43．Betty, though_______ in most things，spent a lot of money on cl othes.A．econ omical B．economic C．excessive D．extravagant．44．Since the package was_______，the damage was paid for.A．ensured B．insured C．assured D．promised45．The public is very_______ about the governor's plans for a tax cut．A．susceptible B．dubiou s C．vulnerable D．deliberate46．If no one takes th e______ and plans for the trip，we will never leave h ome. A．initia l B．initiative C．original D．beginning47．Because of the close______ of architects and builders，the building was completed ahead of schedule.A．simulation B．composition C．collaboration D．inflation48．The shop manager said that he intended to______ the less effi cient members of his staff．A．resign B．dismiss C．employ D．appoint49．His difficulty in expressing himself clearly will be a________ to his plans to become a lawyer．A．hesitati on B．hinge C．highlight D．handicap50．You will have to work hard to_______ the time you lost.A．make use of B．make up for C．make way of D．make room forPart ⅢCloze (10%)Directions：For each numbered bracket in the following passage，fill in a suitable wordin the blank on the ANSWER SHEET．Rabies is all ordinarily infecti ous disease of the central nervous sy stem．It is cau sed by a virus and，51 a rule，spread chiefly by domestic dogs and 52 flesh-eating animals. Man and all Warm-blooded animals are susceptible53 rabies．The people of 54 Egypt，Greece and Rome ascribed rabies to evil spirits 55 ordinarily gentle and friendly animals suddenly became vivacious and violent 56 evident Cause and，57 a period o t maniacal behavior became Paralyzed and died．Experiments 58 out in Europe in the early nineteenth century of injecting saliva from a rabid dog 59 a normal dog proved that the disease was infecti ous. Preventive steps，60 as the destruction of stray dogs，were taken and 61 1862 the disease was permanently eliminated in Norway，Sweden and Denmark．Though urban center on the continent of Europe were cleared several times daring the nineteenth century，62 soon became re-infected since rabies was uncontrolled among wild animals．Anti-rabies vaccine is widely used nowadays in two ways．Dogs may be give three-year protection 63 the di sease by one powerful injection 64 person s who have been 65 by rabid animals are given a course of daily injections over a week66 ten days. The mortality rate from all 67 of bites from rabid animals has dropped from 9% to 0.5%. In rare 68 , thevaccine will not prevent rabies in human 69 because the virus produces the di sease before the person's body has 70 tobuild up enough resistance. Because of this , immediate vaccination is essential for anyone bitten by an animal observedacting strangely and the animal should be captured circums pectly, and examined professionally or destroyed．Part IV．English-Chinese Translation (15%)Directions：Read the following passage carefully and then tran slate th e underlined sentences into Chinese on th e ANSWERSHEET．Two modes of argumentation have been u sed on behalf of women's emancipation in Western societies．Arguments inwhat could be called the "relational" feminist tradition maintain the doctrine of "equality in difference". or equity as distinctfrom equality．They contend that biological distinction s between the sexes result in a necessary sexual division of labor in thefamily a nd throughout society and that women's procreative labor is currently undervalued by society, to the disadvantage ofwomen．71) By contrast, the individua list feminist tradition emphasizes individual human rights and cerebrates( 崇尚)women's quest for personal autonomy, while downplaying the importance of gender roles and minimizing discussion ofchildbearing and its attendant respon sibilities．Before the late nineteenth century, these view s coexi sted within the feministmovement，often within the writings of the same individua l．72) Between 1890 a nd 1920，however, relational feminism,which had been the dominant strain in feminist thought and which still predominates．among European and non-Westernfeminists, lost ground in Engla nd and the United States．Because the con cept of individual rights was already well establishedin the Anglo-Saxon legal and political tradition，indiv idualist feminism came to predominate in English-speaking countries.At the same time，the goal s of the two approaches began to seem increasingly irreconcilable．Individualist feminists began toadvocate a totally gender-blind system with equal rights for a11．Relational feminists，while agreeing that equal educationaland economic opportunities outside the home should be available for all women，continued to emphasize women's specialcontributions to society as homemakers and mothers. They demanded special treatment for women, including protectivelegislation for women workers，state-sponsored maternity benefits，and paid compensation for housework．Relational arguments have a major pitfall：because they underline women's physiological and psych ological distinctiveness，they are often appropriated by political adversaries and u sed to endorse male privilege．73) But the individualist approach, by attacking gender roles, denying the significance，of physiologicaldifference, and condemning existing familial institutions as hopelessly patriarchal, has often simply treated as irrelevant the family roles important to many women．If the individualist framework，with its claim for women's autonomy, could be harmonized with the family-oriented concerns of relational feminists．a more fruitfulmodel for contemporary feminist politics could emerge．Part V. Chinese-English Translation(15%)Directions：Tran slate the following paragraph into English and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET．在找工作的过程中，面试是一个关键时刻；面试的成功与否，除了面试官如何看你的条件及个人素质外，主要取决于他们如何评价你在面试中总的表现；因此，有必要把它当作一场演出或比赛来看待，其目的是向面试官表示你是干这项工作的最佳人选;大多数人在面试中采取被动策略，尽全力回答提出的问题；一种更好的方法是控局面，使面试官有绝对理由相信你能胜任这项工作，让他们没有理由相信你不能胜任它。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：77
2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool without his parents’ （）. 问题1选项mandB.convictionC.consentpromise【答案】C【解析】根据句意可知，这里指男孩未经父母的允许，consent指同意，赞成，答应；选项C符合句意。
2.单选题The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) earnestly attempts to measure which country will provide the best opportunities for a healthy,safe and prosperous life in the years ahead. Its quality-of-life index（1） the results of subjective life-satisfaction surveys — how happy people say they are — to （2） determinants of the quality of life across countries. Being rich helps more than （3） else,but it is not all that （4） ; things like crime, trust in public institutions and the health of family life matter too.（5） ,the index takes 11 statistically significant indicators into（6） . They are a mixed bunch: some are （7） factors,such as geography; others change only very slowly （8） time; and some factors depend on policies and the state of the world （9） .Despite the global economic crisis,times have in certain respects （10） been so good. Output growth rates have been（11） across the world,but income levels are at or near （12） highs. Life expectancy continues to（13） steadily and political freedoms have spread across the （14） . In other ways, however, the crisis has （15） a deep imprint on unemployment and personal（16） . After crunching its numbers, the EIU has Switzerland comfortably in the top spot, with Australia second. Small economies （17） the top ten, half of which are European. The Nordic countries shine, （18） the crisis-ridden south of Europe (Greece, Portugal and Spain) lags behind. The（19） European economies (Germany, France and Britain) do not do particularly well. America（20） back in 16th place. Despite their economic dynamism, none of the BRIC countries ( Brazil, Russia, India and China) scores impressively. Among the 80 countries covered, Nigeria comes last: it is the worst place for a baby to enter the world in 2013.问题1选项A.relegatesB.addsC.abdicatesD.links问题2选项A.prejudicedB.objectiveC.fairD.neutral问题3选项A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything问题4选项A.countsB.imploresC.diminishedD.wavers问题5选项A.In turnB.In retrospectC.In allD.In progress问题6选项A.calculationB.accountC.implementationD.discount问题7选项A.settledB.fixedC.controlledD.weighted 问题8选项A.onB.inC.forD.over问题9选项A.atmosphereB.environmentC.economyD.wellbeing问题10选项A.neverB.alreadyC.everD.yet问题11选项A.acceleratingB.decliningC.recoveringD.withdrawing问题12选项A.classicB.histrionicC.cubicD.historic问题13选项A.increaseB.expandC.thriveD.expend问题14选项A.spaceB.countryC.globeD.continent问题15选项A.made B.engravedC.createdD.left问题16选项A.securityB.identityC.invectiveD.scourge问题17选项A.stipulateB.distributeC.refuteD.dominate问题18选项A.whereasB.untilC.whereD.unless问题19选项A.highestrgestC.greatestD.richest问题20选项A.recedesB.trailsnguishesD.twists【答案】第1题:第2题:B第3题:A第4题:A第5题:C第6题:B第7题:B第8题:D第9题:C第10题:A第11题:B第12题:D第13题:A第14题:C第15题:D第16题:A第17题:D第18题:A第19题:B第20题:D【解析】（1）根据原文可知,这里是将生活满意度调查结果与各国生活质量的决定因素联系起来。
湖北省八市联考2024英语答案及试卷解析
湖北省八市联考2024英语答案及试卷解析深度剖析The Hubei Provincial Eight-City Joint Examination 2024 English exam was recently conducted, marking a significant milestone in the academic journey of thousands of students across the province. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the exam answers and the underlying themes and concepts tested in the paper, serving as a valuable resource for students, teachers, and parents alike.**1. Grammatical Focus and Application**The exam placed a strong emphasis on grammatical correctness and contextual understanding. Questions testing verb Tenses, Conditional Sentences, and Non-finite Verbs were prevalent, requiring students to demonstrate a deep understanding of these grammatical elements and their practical application in sentences. This focus on grammar underscores the importance of mastering the building blocks of the language in order to communicate effectively.**2. Vocabulary and Comprehension**Vocabulary questions tested students' knowledge of both high-frequency words and less common terms. The reading comprehension section required students to demonstratetheir ability to understand and interpret passages, extracting key information and applying it to answer questions. This section emphasized the importance of reading widely and developing a strong vocabulary.**3. Writing Skills**The writing section of the exam challenged students to produce a coherent and well-structured essay. The topic, while open to interpretation, encouraged students to express their opinions and support them with examples and evidence. This section tested not only grammar and vocabulary but also the student's ability to organize their thoughts and present them in a clear and convincing manner. **4. Cross-Curricular Connections**Several questions in the exam drew upon knowledge from other subjects, such as history, science, and social studies. This integration of cross-curricular content highlights the importance of interdisciplinary learning and encourages students to make connections between differentsubjects, enhancing their overall understanding and appreciation of knowledge.**5. Critical Thinking and Analysis**Throughout the exam, questions required students to demonstrate critical thinking skills, analyzing information, evaluating arguments, and making informed decisions. This emphasis on critical thinking is crucial in preparing students for the real-world scenarios where they will needto apply their knowledge and skills to solve problems and make informed choices.In conclusion, the Hubei Provincial Eight-City Joint Examination 2024 English exam was a comprehensive assessment of students' language skills and knowledge. The focus on grammar, vocabulary, writing, cross-curricular connections, and critical thinking ensures that studentsare not only tested on their language proficiency but also on their ability to apply that proficiency in real-world settings. For students, teachers, and parents,understanding the answers and the underlying themes of the exam provides valuable insights into the areas that require further attention and improvement.**湖北省八市联考2024英语答案及试卷解析深度剖析** 近日，湖北省八市联考2024英语考试落下帷幕，这场考试对于全省数千名学生来说，是他们学术旅程中的一个重要里程碑。
2004年湖北大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2004年湖北大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Structure and V ocabulary 3. Cloze 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingReading ComprehensionYou’re busy filling out the application form for a position you really need, let’s assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn’t it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University? More and more people are turning to utter deception like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university. Registrars at most well-known colleges say they deal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of about one per week. Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them “impostors”. Another refers to them as “special cases”. One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by “no such people”. To avoid complete lies, some job-seekers claim that they “attended”or “were associated with” a college or university. After carefully checking, a personnel officer may discover that “attending” means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that “being associated with” a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century--that’s when they began keeping records, anyhow. If you don’t want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a fake diploma. One company, with officers in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from “Smoot State University”. The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the “University of Purdue”. As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seems rather high for one sheet of paper.1．The main idea of this passage is that ______.A．employers are checking more closely on applicants nowB．lying about college degrees has become a widespread problemC．college degrees can now be purchased easilyD．employers are no longer interested in college degrees正确答案：B解析：就大学学位而言，撒谎已成为普遍问题。
2023全国博士英语考试题型
2023全国博士英语考试题型全国博士英语考试是获得博士学位的重要环节之一，其考试内容涵盖了英语听、说、读、写、译等多个方面。
以下是2023年全国博士英语考试的题型及分析，以供参考。
一、听力理解听力理解部分主要测试考生理解英语学术讲座和对话的能力。
该部分共20道题，每道题1分，总分为20分。
考试时间为30分钟。
听力材料的难度较高，涉及的领域广泛，包括社会科学、自然科学等。
考生需要具备较强的听力技巧和快速理解能力，才能准确把握听力材料的主旨和细节。
二、阅读理解阅读理解部分主要测试考生阅读并理解英语学术文章的能力。
该部分共20道题，每道题2分，总分为40分。
考试时间为50分钟。
阅读文章的题材和难度与学术论文相似，涉及的主题广泛，包括社会科学、自然科学、人文科学等。
考生需要具备较强的阅读技巧和批判性思维能力，才能准确把握文章的主旨和细节，并做出正确的推理判断。
三、翻译翻译部分主要测试考生将英语学术文章翻译成汉语的能力。
该部分共2道题，每道题10分，总分为20分。
考试时间为30分钟。
翻译文章的主题广泛，包括社会科学、自然科学、人文科学等。
考生需要具备较强的翻译技巧和语言表达能力，同时还需要了解相关领域的背景知识，才能准确传达原文的意思。
四、写作写作部分主要测试考生撰写英语学术论文的能力。
该部分共1道题，总分为20分。
考试时间为40分钟。
写作题目要求考生就某一主题撰写一篇学术论文，要求结构清晰、逻辑严密、语言准确、表达流畅。
考生需要具备较强的学术素养和写作技巧，同时还需要了解相关领域的学术规范和写作要求。
总体来说，2023年全国博士英语考试的难度较高，对考生的英语水平和学术素养要求较高。
考生需要通过系统的备考和训练，全面提高自己的英语听、说、读、写、译能力，同时还需要了解相关领域的背景知识和学术规范，才能顺利通过考试。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：53
2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题We need one hundred more signatures before we take the （）to the governor.问题1选项A.panelB.kernelC.petitionD.paragraph【答案】C【解析】panel仪表板, 陪审员；kernel核心, 要点；petition请愿书, 诉状。
句意:在把请愿书递交给州长之前, 我们还需要100多人的签名。
选项C符合句意。
2.写作题In this part, you are required to write an essay of no less than 200 words on What Made Li Na Such a Great Tennis Player? The essay should be based on the outline below:1.Some people maintain that Li’s success has entirely relied on her own hard work;2.Others hold the view that the state-run sports system has laid a solid foundation for her to fly alone;3.Your opinions.【答案】What Made Li Na Such a Great Tennis Player?As is known to all,Li Na is the most incredible tennis player in China. Up to now, she has got four single titles and two double titles of WTA, and what’s more, she is the first Chinese player who has got the single title during the WTA tour. Besides, she is the first top-ten player in China who has got No. 7 so far.When it comes to Li Na’s athletic achievements, people can not help asking such a question:What Made Li Na Such a Great Tennis Player?According to a recent investigation conducted by a sporting organization in China,43. 6 percent of respondents hold the view that Li Na, s success relies completely on her own hard work. When she was only six years old, she began to practise playing tennis. Due to her arduous training on the sports ground, she became a professional player. As she was not used to the training style in the state-run sports system, she broke away from the state-run sports system and began to fly alone.However,56. 4 percent of respondents argue that the state-run sports system has laid a solid foundation for her to fly alone. Her fellow players had their strict training with her and became her rivals. If it had not been for Li Na’s past experience in the state-run sports system, she could not have been a successful player and she could not have flown alone later on.In my opinion, Li Na’s hard work and her flying alone are the two indispensable elements of her success. Both elements are complementary. It’s hard to imagine her flying alone without hard work within the state-run sports system or her hard work within this system without flying alone.3.单选题Employees are not slaves who must bear being ordered around. They would not put their（）in their pocket.问题1选项A.arroganceB.conceitC.prideD.prime【答案】C【解析】put one’s pride in one’s pocket为固定搭配, 意为“忍气吞声”。
华中师范大学考博英语题型分析
2015华中师范大学考博英语历年真题一、招考介绍从整体上看，由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大，对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高，特别是听、说能力。
攻读博士学位的学生，一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力，另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。
二、华中师范大学考博英语题型Part1:完形填空10分。
听力和口语放在复试中进行。
Part2:阅读理解40分。
Part3:翻译25分，英译汉(15%)、汉译英(10%)。
Part4:写作25分。
三、考博英语必备参考书育明考博教研部主编,河北大学出版社出版的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。
在当当网，亚马逊和全国各大书店均有销售，也可以联系我们直接购买。
四、联系导师在初步定好考博学校之后，就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系，询问是否有招生名额，能否报考，这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。
大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。
因为太早，学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定，报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额；太晚的话，怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。
一般情况下，导师对一个学生很中意的话，后来联系的学生，导师一般也不会答应其报考了。
在此说点题外话，联系导师的过程中，如果读研期间的导师有关系，可以尽量利用。
如果没有，也没关系，凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的，这就要看自己了。
通常跟导师初次联系，都是发邮件。
导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种：（1）、欢迎报考。
这种答复最笼统，说明不了问题。
我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通，看看具体的进展，避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。
（2）、名额有限，可以报考，但有竞争。
很多人说这样的回复不满意，认为希望很小一般会被刷。
其实这样还是比较好的一种回答，最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己，考的好就可以上。
(3）、你的研究方向和我一样......各种一大堆他的研究方向和你相关，欢迎报考什么的话。
湖北联考考博英语历年试题题型题量综合分析
湖北联考考博英语历年试题型题量综合分析导言：考博英语真题的重要性全国各大院校在制定本校英语专业考试大纲时，对英语的考核基本上不指定参考书，考生在备考时往往感到漫无目的，无所适从，所以对各大院校的考博英语历年真题分析则显得尤为重要。
华慧考博英语教研中心在历时8年的教学研究的过程中，总结国内50多所重点院校的考博英语试题的出题特点与规律，认为考生精研各院校的历年试题对考出良好的成绩有非常大的帮助。
1、考博英语试题的独特性众所周知，英语类的考试，如高考、大学英语四六级、专业四八级考试、研究生入学考试等均由统一的命题组人员统一命制试题，命题组阵容强大，且耗费的人力、物力也不在少数，其题目基本是原创题目。
而考博英语却并非这样，因此，考博英语有其自身的独特性，考博英语的独特性主要表现在其命题方式与题目来源两方面。
首先，从命题方式来看，博士考试中，要求考生达到英语的最低分数线，这一要求就注定了各大考博院校的英语试题的命题方式，各大考博院校不会花费大量的人力、物力及时间原创一套考博英语试题。
并且各大院校为了保证其试题的准确性，一般会选择已经考过的各类相关难度的试题，这样就可以避免出现大量的因个人学术水平方面而引起的错误和争议。
其次，从题目来源看，各大院校的考博英语试题基本来自专四、专八、六级或其它考博院校的原题，极少出现原创题目。
因其题目来源的独特性，我们研究各大院校的考博英语试题就显得非常有必要且益处极大。
如果考生在考前了解了这一情况，且充分重视这个规律，那么获得考博英语高分不是什么难事。
所以考生考前精研考博英语真题是非常有必要的。
2、考博英语试题的作用考博英语试题的作用主要有三个，即指导、规划与调控作用。
指导作用。
通过研读历年的考博英语试题，考生可以了解该院校的题目类型、题目来源、题目难度等，指导考生在较短的时间内找到正确的复习方法，获得自己满意的成绩。
规划作用。
考生在宏观把握所报考院校的英语试题的出题规律后，结合自身的英语情况，对自己的英语备考做出一个正确且切合实际的复习规划。
湖北考博英语真题答案解析
湖北考博英语真题答案解析湖北考博英语真题是备考考博英语的重要参考材料之一。
通过分析和解析真题，考生可以更好地了解考试的出题规律和要求，提高备考效率和准确度。
本文将对湖北考博英语真题答案进行解析，帮助考生更好地备考。
一、阅读理解题阅读理解题是考博英语中的重点和难点之一。
针对每篇阅读理解文章，考生需要理解文章主题和主旨，抓住关键信息，并根据文章内容回答问题。
下面是一道典型的湖北考博英语阅读理解题。
Passage 1Evolution, in the broadest sense, is a process that results in heritable changes in a population spread over many generations. The Latin word evolutio means to unfold, meaning the unfolding of something complex into something more simple or primitive. In simple terms, it is the process of gradual change in species over time, resulting in the formation of new species.Question 1: What is the main topic of the passage?A. The process of evolutionB. The meaning of the word "evolution"C. The formation of new speciesD. The word origin of "evolution"根据文章内容可知，文章主要讨论的是进化的过程，所以正确答案为A。
二、完形填空题完形填空题也是考博英语中常见的题型。
湖北大学考博英语-1.doc
湖北大学考博英语-1(总分：55.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Part Ⅰ Vocabula(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.It is impossible to ______ whether she'll be well enough to come home from the hospital next month.∙ A. foresee∙ B. infer∙ C. fabricate∙ D. inhibit（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.I didn't say anything like that at all. You are ______ purposely my ideas to prove your point.∙ A. revising∙ B. contradicting∙ C. distorting∙ D. distracting（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.Equipped with modern science and technology people of today feel many assertions which were once taken as ______ truth absurd.∙ A. religious∙ B. profound∙ C. sacred∙ D. prominent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.She accidentally swallowed the poison and death was ______.∙ A. instantaneous∙ B. simultaneous∙ C. symmetrical∙ D. insufficient（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.5.Many students find ______ jobs during their summer holidays.∙ A. contemptible∙ B. temperate∙ C. temporary∙ D. contemporary（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.Regular use of this moistening cream will help to ______ the rough, dry condition of your skin.∙ A. alleviate∙ B. abstract∙ C. evaporate∙ D. abbreviate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.The computer can ______ stored information in a matter of minutes.∙ A. reassure∙ B. release∙ C. retrieve∙ D. revive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.The engineers have used special methods to ______ the bridge against danger from high winds.∙ A. suppress∙ B. lubricate∙ C. heave∙ D. ensure（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.The price of vegetables ______ according to the weather.∙ A. formulates∙ B. flourishes∙ C. fluctuates∙ D. frames（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.You will have to work hard to ______ the time you lost.∙ A. make use of∙ B. make up for∙ C. make way of∙ D. make room for（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、{{B}}Part Ⅱ Reading (总题数：4，分数：30.00)Once upon a time, innovation at Procter & Gamble flowed one way: from the United States outward. While the large Cincinnati-based corporation was no stranger to foreign markets, it usually sold them products that were already familiar to most Americans. Many Japanese families, for instance, swaddle their babies in Pampers diapers, and lots of Venezuelans brush their teeth with Crest. And of course (company executive assumed) American at home wanted these same familiar, red-white and blue brands. We might buy foreign-made cars, or chocolates, or cameras but household cleaners and detergents?Recently, however, P&G broke with this long-standing tradition. Ariel, a P&G laundry detergent, was born overseas, and is a familiar sight on store shelves in Europe and Latin America. Now bilingual packages of ArielUltra, a super-concentrated cleaner, are appearing on supermarket shelves in Los Angeles.Ariel's appearance in the United States reflects demographic changes making Hispanics the nation's fastest-growing ethnic group. Ariel is a hit with this population. In fact, many Mexican immigrants living in Southern California have been "importing" Ariel from Tijuana, Mexico. "Hispanics knew this product and wanted it," says P&G spokeswoman Marie Salvado. "We realized that we couldn't convince them to buy (our) other laundry detergents." P&G hopes that non-Hispanic consumers will give Ariel a try too.Ariel's already strong presence in Europe may provide a springboard for the company to expand into other markets as well. Recently P&G bought Rakona, Czechoslovakia's top detergent maker. Ariel, currently a top seller in Germany, is likely to be one of the first new brands to appear in Czech supermarkets. And Ariel is not the only foreign idea that the company hopes to transplant back to its home territory. Chinch, anall-purpose spray cleaner similar to popular European products, is currently being test-marketed in California and Arizona. Traditionally Americans have used separate cleaners for different types of surfaces, but market research shows that American preferences are becoming more like those in other countries.Insiders note that this new reverse flow of innovation reflects more sweeping changes at Procter & Gamble. The firm has hired many new Japanese, German, and Mexican managers who view P&G's business not as a one-way flow of American ideas, but a two-way exchange with other markets. Says Bonita Austin of the investment firm Wertheim-Schroeder, "When you met with P&G's top managers years ago, you wouldn't have seen a single foreign face." Today "they could even be in the majority."As Procter & Gamble has found, the United States is no longer an isolated market. Americans are more open than ever before to buying foreign-made products and to selling U. S.-made products overseas.（分数：7.50）(1).According to the passage, which of the following is true?∙ A. The brands of Pampers, Crest, Ariel, and Cinch reflect the traditional one-way flow of Procter & Gamble.∙ B. In spite of market changes, Procter & Gamble still sticks to its long-standing tradition of one-way flow innovation.∙ C. Procter & Gamble has to change its one-way flow tradition because of the increased number of its foreign managers.∙ D. Today one may meet more foreign faces in Procter & Gamble than years ago.（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, all of the following are true about Ariel except ______.∙ A. it is the best seller in Czechoslovakia∙ B. it is a laundry detergent product of Procter & Gamble∙ C. Ariel was born outside the United States∙ D. it already enjoys popularity in Europe（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(3).The "insider" (paragraph 5, line 1) is most probably ______.∙ A. someone who buys both Ariel and Cinch∙ B. someone who works within Procter & Gamble or knows it fairly well∙ C. someone who is a loyal customer of Ariel∙ D. someone once worked within Rakona（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, Procter & Gamble hopes to transplant the foreign idea back to its home territory because ______.∙ A. Americans are more likely to buy foreign-made products than before∙ B. for most Americans foreign products are much more attractive than home-made ones ∙ C. the company has found that foreign-made products are superior to home-made ones in terms of quality∙ D. the company has hired more foreigners in its top management than before（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(5).The author may most probably agree that ______.∙ A. it is a trend that businesses today go global∙ B. businesses today are very reluctant to go global∙ C. American businesses can make more money if they only sell home-made products ∙ D. the market of the United States should not be that open（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human beings. Much has been written about the diversity of terrestrial organisms, particularly the exceptionally rich life associated with tropical rain-forest habitats. Relatively little has been said, however, about diversity of life in the sea even though coral reef systems are comparable to rain forests in terms of richness of life. An alien exploring the Earth would probably give priority to the planet's dominant, most distinctive feature—the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues. Seen from far away, it is easy to realize that landmasses occupy one-third of the Earth's surface. Given that two-thirds of the Earth's surface is water and that marine life lives at all levels of the ocean, the total three- dimensional living space of the ocean is perhaps 100 times greater than that of land and contains more than 90 percent of all life on Earth even though the ocean has fewer distinct species.The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests does not seem surprising, considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of species. One scientist found many different species of ants in just one tree from a rain forest. While every species is different from every other species, their genetic makeup constrains them to be insects and to share similar characteristics with 750 000 species of insects. If basic, broad categories such as phyla and classes are given more emphasis than differentiating between species, then the greatest diversity of life is unquestionably the sea. Nearly every major type of plant and animal has some representation there. To appreciate fully the diversity of abundance of life in the sea, it helps to think small. Every spoonful of ocean water contains life on the order of 100 to 100 000 bacterial cells plus assorted microscopic plants andanimals, including larva's or organisms ranging from sponges and corals to starfish and clams and much more.（分数：7.50）(1).What is the main point of the passage?∙ A. Humans are destroying thousands of species.∙ B. There are thousands of insect species.∙ C. The sea is even richer in life than the rain forests.∙ D. Coral reefs are similar to rain forests.（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(2).Why does the author compare coral reefs with rain forests (Para.1)?∙ A. They share many similar species.∙ B. They are approximately the same size.∙ C. Most of their inhabitants require water.∙ D. Both have many different forms of life.（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(3).The passage suggests that most rain forest species are ______.∙ A. insects∙ B. bacteria∙ C. mammals∙ D. birds（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(4).The author argues that there is more diversity of life in the sea than in the rain forest because ______.∙ A. there are too many insects to make meaningful distinctions∙ B. more phyla and classes of life are represented in the sea∙ C. many insect species are too small to divide into categories∙ D. marine life-forms reproduce at a faster pace（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following conclusions is supported by the passage?∙ A. Ocean life is highly adaptive.∙ B. Ocean life is primarily composed of plants.∙ C. The sea is highly resistant to the damage done by pollutants.∙ D. More attention needs to be paid to preserving ocean species and habitats.（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.Education is one of the key words of our time. A man, without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of adverse circumstances deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities. Convinced of the importance of education, modern states "invest" in institutions of learning to get back "interest" in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, is punctuated by textbooks--those purchasable wells of wisdom--what would civilization be like without its benefits?So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births; but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on "facts and figures" and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of "college" imaginable. Among the people whom we like to call savages all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life. It is the ideal condition of the "equal start" which only our most progressive forms of modem education try to regain. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. There are no "illiterates"--if the term can be applied to people without a script--while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England 1876, and is still non-existent in a number of "civilized" nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure that 'all ourchildren could share in the knowledge accumulated by the "happy few" during the past centuries.Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents, therefore the jungles and the grasslands know of no "juvenile delinquency". No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children and no father is confronted with his inability to "buy" an education for his child.（分数：7.50）(1).The word "interest" in the first paragraph most probably means ______.∙ A. pleasure∙ B. returns∙ C. share∙ D. knowledge（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, the author seems to be ______.∙ A. against the education in the very early historic times∙ B. in favor of the educational practice in primitive cultures∙ C. quite happy to see an equal start for everyone∙ D. positive about our present educational instruction（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(3).It can be inferred from the passage that ______.∙ A. the aim of "equal start" has already been reached among savages∙ B. savages in ancient times are more civilized than modern people∙ C. the modem education system is more democratic than before∙ D. there are no illiterates in civilized nations in today's society（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?∙ A. Education can't work without the benefits of textbooks.∙ B. We have not yet decided on our educational models.∙ C. Compulsory schooling is not existent in all nations.∙ D. Our spiritual outlook is better now than before.（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(5).The best title for this passage is ______.∙ A. Education and Modern Civilization∙ B. The Significance of Modern Education∙ C. Educational Investment and the Profit It Brings∙ D. Education: A Comparison between Past and Present（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.However important we may regard school life to be, there is no gainsaying the fact that children spend more time at home than in the classroom. Therefore, the great influence of parents cannot be ignored or discounted by the teacher. They can become strong allies of the school personnel or they can consciously hinder and thwart curricular objectives. Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parents informed of the newer methods used in schools. Many principals have conducted workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program, manuscript writing, and developmental mathematics.Moreover, the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervisors, can also play an important role in enlightening parents. The many interviews carried on during the years as well as new ways of reporting pupils progress, can significantly aid in achieving a harmonious interplay between school and home.To illustrate, suppose that a father has been drilling Junior in arithmetic processes night after night. In a friendly interview, the teacher can help the parent sublimate his natural paternal interest into productive channels. He might be persuaded to let Junior participate indiscussing the family budget, buying the food, using a yardstick or measuring cup at home, setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip, and engaging in scores of other activities that have a mathematical basis. If the father follows the advice, it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is making satisfactory progress in mathematics and, at the same time, enjoying the work.Too often, however, teachers' conferences with parents are devoted to petty accounts of children's misdemeanors, complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestions for penalties and rewards at home. What is needed is more creative approach in which the teacher, as a professional adviser, plants ideas in parents' minds for the best utilization of the many hours that the child spends out of the classroom. In this way, the school and the home join forces in fostering the fullest development of youngsters' capacities.（分数：7.50）(1).The central idea conveyed in the passage is that ______.∙ A. home training is more important than school training because a child spends so many hours with his parents∙ B. teachers can and should help parents to understand and further the objectives of the school∙ C. parents unwittingly have hindered and thwarted curricular objectives∙ D. there are many ways in which the mathematics program can be implemented at home（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(2).The author directly discusses the fact that ______.∙ A. parents drill their children too much in arithmetic∙ B. principals have explained the new art programs to parents∙ C. a father can have his son help him construct articles at home∙ D. a parent's misguided efforts can be redirected to proper channels（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(3).It can reasonably be inferred that the author ______.∙ A. believes that schools are lacking in guidance personnel∙ B. believes present relationships between home and school are satisfying∙ C. feels that the traditional program in mathematics is slightly superior to the developmental program∙ D. feels that parent teacher interviews can be made much more constructive than they are at present（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(4).The author implies that ______.∙ A. participation in interesting activities relating to a school subject improves one's achievement in that area∙ B. school principals do more than their share in interpreting the curriculum to the parents ∙ C. only a small part of the school day should be set apart for drilling in arithmetic ∙ D. too many children are lazy and have poor work habits（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.(5).The author's primary purpose in writing this passage is to ______.∙ A. tell parents to pay more attention to the guidance of teachers in the matter of educational activities in the home∙ B. help ensure that every child's capacities can fully develop when he leaves school ∙ C. urge teachers and school administrators to make use of a much underused resource of the parents∙ D. improve the teaching approach in mathematics in and outside the classroom（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.三、{{B}}Part Ⅲ Cloze{{/(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In most countries a PhD is a basic requirement for a career in academia. It is a(n) {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}to the world of independent research —a kind of intellectual {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}, created by an apprentice in close collaboration with a (n) {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. The requirements to complete one {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}enormously between countries, universities and even {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Some students will first have to spend two years working on a {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}degree or diploma. Some will receive a stipend; others will{{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}their own way. Some PhDs {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}only research, some require {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}and examinations and some require the student to teach undergraduates. A(n) {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}can be dozens of pages in mathematics, or many hundreds in history. As a result, newly minted PhDs can be as young as their {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}20s or world-weary forty-{{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}.One thing many PhD students have in {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}is dissatisfaction. Some describe their work {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}"slave labor". Seven-day weeks, ten-hour days, low pay and uncertain {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}are widespread. You know you are a graduate student, {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}a comment, when your office is better decorated than your home and you have a favorite flavor of {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}noodles. "It isn't graduate school itself that is discouraging, " says one student, who confesses to rather enjoying the hunt for free pizza. "What's discouraging is realizing the end point has been pulled out of reach. "Whining PhD students are nothing new, but there seem to be genuine problems {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}the system that produces research doctorates (the practical "professional doctorates" in fields such as law, business and medicine have a more obvious value). There is an oversupply of PhDs. Although a doctorate is {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}as training for a job in academia, the number of PhD positions is {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}to the number of job openings.（分数：10.00）(1).∙ A. conclusion∙ B. introduction∙ C. stepping stone∙ D. milestone（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).∙ A. paper∙ B. project∙ C. masterpiece（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).∙ A. student∙ B. assistant∙ C. supervisor∙ D. editor（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).∙ A. change∙ B. alter∙ C. fluctuate∙ D. vary（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).∙ A. subjects∙ B. lessons∙ C. sectors∙ D. courses（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).∙ A. bachelor's∙ B. doctorate's∙ C. master's（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).∙ A. pay∙ B. find∙ C. fight∙ D. pick（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).∙ A. attend∙ B. participate∙ C. take∙ D. involve（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).∙ A. credits∙ B. exercises∙ C. classes∙ D. experiments（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).∙ A. thesis∙ B. book∙ C. assignment∙ D. report（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).∙ A. earlier∙ B. earliest∙ C. early∙ D. earliness（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).∙ A. something∙ B. somethings∙ C. anything∙ D. anythings（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).∙ A. odd∙ B. contradiction∙ C. similarity∙ D. common（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).∙ A. for∙ B. of∙ C. to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).∙ A. prospects∙ B. perspectives∙ C. potentials∙ D. speculations（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).∙ A. going∙ B. goes∙ C. has gone∙ D. go（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).∙ A. fast∙ B. quick∙ C. rapid∙ D. instant（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).∙ A. for∙ B. with∙ C. upon（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).∙ A. compared∙ B. designed∙ C. suspected∙ D. admitted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).∙ A. unrelated∙ B. uncorrelated∙ C. proportional∙ D. coincident（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.四、{{B}}Part Ⅳ Writing{(总题数：1，分数：10.00)11.Directions: You are supposed to write a letter to the editor of a journal in your field, thanking him for suggestions and advice for your paper submitted, and informing him of the modifications and improvements you have made.1. The letter should begin with "Dear Editor".2. You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.3. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.4. Do not write the address.（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：74
2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题I don’t really know how to （）the problem.问题1选项A.drawB.dealC.copeD.tackle【答案】D【解析】根据句意可知这里指处理问题，选项A不符合句意；选项B和C后面都需要接介词with，所以只有选项D正确。
2.写作题You are supposed to write a letter to a professor in a university in the United States or UK, requesting for the possibility of a cooperative program for Ph. D. there.1.The letter should begin with “Dear Professor XXX”2.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.3.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use“Ma Qing” instead.4.Do not write the address.【答案】Dear Professor Peter Day,I am Ma Qing from Nanjing University in Jiangsu Province, the People’s Republic of China. I have become a Ph. D. candidate of our university. My research interest is comparative culture. What I am really interested in is the similarity and difference between American culture and Chinese culture. I am proud to say that I have made some achievements in my academic research. My research papers often appear in some influential core journals in China. But to tell the truth,my knowledge of the United States is far less than my knowledge of China. So that is not conducive to writing my dissertation related to comparative culture. Under such circumstances, I should like to pursue a co-operative program for Ph. D. in your university. If I have finished learning some courses in China this year,I will take some other courses in your university next year. I especially wish to make greater progress in my academic research under your tutelage because I know you are a famous scholar in the East West Center,the University of Hawaii.If you could accept my request, I would appreciate it very much. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours respectfullyMa Qing3.单选题We’d better（）the whole place in case it’ s been bugged.问题1选项A.leave aloneB.check outC.take downD.pull down【答案】B【解析】leave alone不管, 不打扰；check out检查；take down拿下, 记下；pull down推翻, 摧毁。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：98
2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题A hundred dollars will be（）to buy a home computer.问题1选项A.efficientB.sufficientC.effectiveD.proficient【答案】B【解析】句意:100美元足以买一台家用电脑。
选项中只有B选项符合句意。
2.单选题He was a young man of barely eighteen years, evidently country（）, and now, as it seemed, on his first visit to town.问题1选项A.brought upB.bredC.grown upD.raised 【答案】B【解析】bring up提出，教育，养育；breed养育，培育；grow up成长，长大；raise提高，养育，上升。
country bred为常用短语，意为：乡村长大的。
所以选项B正确。
3.单选题Many students find（） jobs during their summer holidays.问题1选项A.contemptibleB.temperateC.temporaryD.contemporary【答案】C【解析】contemptible卑劣的，可轻视的；temperate温和的，适度的；temporary暂时的，临时的；contemporary当代的, 同时代的。
根据句意可知，这里指临时的工作，选项C符合句意。
4.翻译题中国人的年讲究的就是一个团聚，正如中国知名作家冯骥才所讲：春节是中国人的“情感时刻”。
这一天无论你身在何处，回家团圆是唯一的主题，思乡情感也要在这一刻得到宣泄。
对于英国留学生们来说，春节回家的愿望，非要天时地利人和，多重因素都给力，才能够得以实现。
2015年湖北省考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年湖北省考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Cloze 3. English-Chinese Translation 4. Chinese-English Translation 5. WritingReading ComprehensionI am standing on the seventh-floor balcony of an apartment building overlooking the heart of Moscow. It is a dark city, some might say grim. It looks and feels as if it has been worn down to its bare bones: broken sidewalks, cracked facades, weeds rooted in the very mortar. This city is not easy to look at. So I avert my eyes, and they settle on a little boy sleeping inside the apartment. His name is Alexei. He is 7. With every rise and fall of his chest, Moscow, the used, broken city, is renewed for me a thousand times. A dark place has given me light in the form of my adoptive son. Alexei has been my son for only two days, but I have been waiting three years for him. That’s when I began the adoption process, three years ago, before I even knew of Alexei’s existence. Never in my imaginings did I think that I would one day be so far from home, counting my son’s breaths, counting the hours until we would board a plane for America, a place that he had no conception of “Alexei, “ I had said through a translator as I knelt before him at the orphanage and helped him with his socks. “ What do you know about America?” His reply was immediate: “I will have all the gum I want. “Most people adopt infants or very little children so that as much of their history as possible will be given to them by their parents. But Alexei carries a radiance of native culture: his memories of orphanage life in the once-closed city of Tula; the large, gracious, doting Russian women who have cared for him all his life; the aromatic Russian food he loves, and the language, that impossible, expressive, explosive Russian language that sometimes separates me from him like a wall, but also summons us to heroic legends as we attempt to communicate. I have been in Russia for two weeks. But it wasn’t until the fourth day that I was brought to see Alexei. My Russian contact drove me through 100 miles of a country struggling to get back on its feet after years of internal neglect; pitted roadways, crumbling bridges, warped roofs. It made me recall what someone had once said about Russia, that she is a third-world country with a first-world army. We finally came to an orphanage. Once inside, I stood in a near-empty room, reminding myself that this was the culmination of three years of scrutiny, disappointment, and dead-ends. There were moments when I had told myself, “It’s so much easier to have a kid the natural way. Nobody asks any questions. “ But as a single man, a biological child was not a ready option. I now recognized these as idle thoughts, for I realized that Alexei, even sight unseen, would be as much mine as if he were my natural son. The door opened. A woman came out, her hand on the shoulder of a little boy just awakened from sound sleep.I gave Alexei a Pez candy dispenser, something as alien to him as life in America. After a few moments of scrutiny, he filled with candy, a sure sign of intelligence, for Pez, dispensers are notoriously difficult to load. At the end of our first meeting Iknelt before Alexei and told him I would be back to get him in a week.1．The author watched every rise and fall of Alexei’s chestA．counting his son’s breaths and biding his time to board the planeB．turning his eyes away from the gloomy and dilapidated cityC．feeling a nameless pang of regret about the adoption processD．visualizing the potential of the city to regain its vigor and power正确答案：D解析：作者注视阿列克谢胸部一起一伏，想象该市恢复生机的潜力。
湖北大学考博英语-3.doc
湖北大学考博英语-3(总分：69.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Part Ⅰ Vocabulary(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.It"s difficult for my father to ______ without a cane.（分数：0.50）A.talk backB.sit inC.stand outD.get round2.Recorded ______ of today"s big football game will be shown after the news.（分数：0.50）A.summitsB.peaksC.heightsD.highlights3.We have to ______ our hope of reaching the production target this year.（分数：0.50）A.releaseB.retractC.resignD.abandon4.It is impossible to ______ whether she"ll be well enough to come home from the hospital next month.（分数：0.50）A.foreseeB.inferC.fabricateD.inhibit5.The conditions can be well imagined when one small settlement is expected to ______ 10,000 families.（分数：0.50）A.populateB.dwellC.houseD.reside6.Amy was elected chairman of the committee by a ______ vote.（分数：0.50）A.ambiguousB.synonymousC.simultaneousD.unanimous7.The computer can ______ stored information in a matter of minutes.（分数：0.50）A.reassureB.releaseC.retrieveD.revive8.They are always ready to ______ heavy responsibilities.（分数：0.50）A.take inB.take onC.put onD.put in9.Regular use of this moistening cream will help to ______ the rough, dry condition of your skin.（分数：0.50）A.alleviateB.abstractC.evaporateD.abbreviate10.He reminded me of what I should ______ have forgotten.（分数：0.50）A.moreoverB.otherwiseC.neverthelessD.notwithstanding二、Part Ⅱ Reading Compr(总题数：5，分数：39.00)Education is one of the key words of our time. A man, without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of adverse circumstances deprived of one of the greatesttwentieth-century opportunities. Convinced of the importance of education, modern states "invest" in institutions of learning to get back "interest" in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, is punctuated by textbooks--those purchasable wells of wisdom--what would civilization be like without its benefits?So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births; but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on "facts and figures" and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of "college" imaginable. Among the people whom we like to call savages all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life.It is the ideal condition of the "equal start" which only our most progressive forms of modem education try to regain. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. There are no "illiterates"--if the term can be applied to people without a script--while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England 1876, and is still non-existent in a number of "civilized" nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure that "all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the "happy few" during the past centuries. Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents, therefore the jungles and the grasslands know of no "juvenile delinquency". No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children and no father is confronted with his inability to "buy" an education for his child.（分数：7.50）(1).The word "interest" in the first paragraph most probably means ______.（分数：1.50）A.pleasureB.returnsC.shareD.knowledge(2).According to the passage, the author seems to be ______.（分数：1.50）A.against the education in the very early historic timesB.in favor of the educational practice in primitive culturesC.quite happy to see an equal start for everyoneD.positive about our present educational instruction(3).It can be inferred from the passage that ______.（分数：1.50）A.the aim of "equal start" has already been reached among savagesB.savages in ancient times are more civilized than modern peopleC.the modem education system is more democratic than beforeD.there are no illiterates in civilized nations in today"s society(4).According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?（分数：1.50）cation can"t work without the benefits of textbooksB.We have not yet decided on our educational modelspulsory schooling is not existent in all nationsD.Our spiritual outlook is better now than before(5).The best title for this passage is ______.（分数：1.50）cation and Modern CivilizationB.The Significance of Modern Educationcational Investment and the Profit It Bringscation: A Comparison between Past and PresentWall Street in a conceptual sense represents financial and economic power. To Americans, it can sometimes represent elitism and power politics, and its role has been a source of controversy throughout the nation"s history, particularly beginning around the Gilded Age period in the late 19th century. Wall Street became the symbol of a country and economic system that many Americans saw as having developed through trade, capitalism, and innovation.Wall Street has become synonymous with financial interests, often used negatively. During the mortgage mess from 2007—2010, Wall Street financing was blamed as one of the causes, although most commentators blame an interplay of factors. The U. S. government with the Troubled Asset Relief Program bailed out the banks and financial backers with billions of taxpayer dollars, but the bailout was often criticized as politically motivated, and was criticized by journalists as well as the public. One writer in the Huffington Post looked at FBI statistics on robbery, fraud, and crime and concluded that Wall Street was the "most dangerous neighborhood in the United States" if one factored in the $ 50 billion fraud perpetrated by Bernie Madoff. Many complained that the resulting Sarbanes-Oxley legislation dampened the business climate. Interest groups seeking favor with Washington lawmakers, such as car dealers, have often sought to portray their interests as allied with Main Street rather than Wall Street. When the United States Treasury bailed out large financial firms, to ostensibly halt a downward spiral in the nation"s economy, there was tremendous negative political fallout, particularly when reports came out that monies supposed to be used to ease credit restrictions were being used to pay bonuses to highly-paid employees. Analyst William Cohan argued that it was "obscene(肮脏的)" how Wall Street reaped "massive profits and bonuses in 2009" after being saved by "trillions of dollars of American taxpayers" treasure" despite Wall Street"s "greed and irresponsible risk-taking". Washington Post reporter Suzanne McGee called for Wall Street to make a sort of public apology to the nation, and expressed dismay that people such as Goldman Sachs chief executive Lloyd Blankfein hadn"t expressed contrition (侮悟) despite being sued by the SEC(Securities and Exchange Commission)in 2009. McGee wrote that "Bankers aren"t the sole culprits, but their denials of responsibility and the occasional vague and waffling expression of regret don"t go far enough to deflect anger".But chief banking analyst at Goldman Sachs, Richard Ramsden, is "unapologetic" and sees "banks as the dynamos(发电机)that power the rest of the economy". Ramsden believes "risk-taking is vital". Others in the financial industry believe they"ve been unfairly criticized by the public and by politicians.Images of Wall Street and its figures have loomed large. The 1987 Oliver Stone film Wall Street created the iconic figure of Gordon Gekko who used the phrase "greed is good", which had an unexpected cultural influence, not causing them to turn away from corporate greed, but causing many young people to choose Wall Street careers.（分数：8.00）(1).All of the following statements are true EXCEPT ______.（分数：2.00）A.Wall Street has aroused considerable public interestB.the bailout program plays a negative role in American politicsC.Wall Street is the only offender behind the global economic crisisD.the part Wall Street has played in the American economy is under attack(2).It can be inferred from the passage that the real root of the financial crisis is ______.（分数：2.00） government"s existing legislation on business climate government"s politically-motivated bailout planC.Wall Street"s favorable treatment to interest groupsD.Wall Street"s lack of responsibility and humanity(3).In the film Wall Street, Gordon Gekko could best be described as a(n) ______.（分数：2.00）A.idiotB.idolC.idealistD.gossip(4).Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Physical Layout of Wall StreetB.Wall Street in the Public"s EyesC.Influences of the Film Wall StreetD.Wall Street as a Financial CenterDespite the general negative findings, it is important to remember that all children who live through a divorce do not behave in the same way. The specific behavior depends on the child"s individual personality, characteristics, age at the time of divorce, and gender. In terms of personality, when compared to those rated as relaxed and easy-going, children described as temperamental and irritable have more difficulty coping with parental divorce, as indeed they have more difficulty adapting to life change in general. Stress, such as that found in disrupted families, seems to impair the ability of temperamental children to adapt to their surroundings, the greater the amount of stress, the less well they adapt. In contrast, a moderate amount of stress may actually help an easy-going, relaxed child learn to cope with adversity.There is some relationship between age and children"s charateristic reaction to divorce. As the child grows older, the greater is the likelihood of a free expression of a variety of complex feelings, an understanding of those feelings, and a realization that the decision to divorce cannot be distributed to any one simple cause. Self-blame virtually disappears after the age of 6, fear of abandonment diminishes after the age of 8. and the confusion and fear of the young child is replaced in the older child by shame, anger, and self-reflection.Gender of the child is also a factor that predicts the nature of reaction to divorce. The impact of divorce is initially greater on boys than on girls. They are more aggressive, less compliant, have greater difficulties in interpersonal relationships, and exhibit problem behaviors both at home and at school. Furthermore, the adjustment problems of boys are still noticeable even two years after the divorce. Girls" adjustment problems are usually internalized rather than acted out, and are often resolved by the second year after the divorce. However, new problems may surface for girls as they enter adolescence and adulthood. How can the relatively greater impact of divorce on boys than on girls be explained? The greater male agression and noncompliance may reflect the fact that such behaviors are tolerated and even encouraged in males in our culture more than they are in females. Furthermore, boys may have a particular need for a strong male model of self- control, as well as for a strong disciplinarian parent. Finally, boys are more likely to be exposed to their parents" fights than girls are, and after the breakup, boys are less likely than girls to receive sympathy and support from mothers, teachers, or peers.（分数：8.00）(1).It is hard for temperamental, irritable kids to adapt to parental divorce because ______.（分数：2.00）A.they are too much disrupted by the life changeB.the family breakup makes them feel very sensitiveC.the great stress of their families diminishes their abilityD.they encounter more parents" fights than the easy-going children(2).The following statements are true EXCEPT ______.（分数：2.00）A.a six-year-old boy may feel being deserted by his parentsB.divorce is usually caused by more than one reasonC.a young girl may feel more shameful on parental divorce than an older boyD.as the kids grow older, they have a better understanding of divorce(3).Why does parental divorce have greater effects on boys than on girls according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.Because all cultures tolerate male agression and noncomplianceB.Because boys are basically more self-disciplined than girlsC.Because males are usually viewed as the models in self-controlD.Because boys are always involved in their parents" fights(4).What does the passage mainly convey to the readers?（分数：2.00）A.Kids of different ages behave differntly facing parental divorceB.The impact of divorce on kids varies in personality, age and genderC.Boys may become more aggressive than girls in disrupted familiesD.Parental divorce has a negative effect on children all through their livesIt is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new, they are by definition unknown in advance. You cannot make choice in that matter. You either have science or you don"t have, and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits.The only solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. I regard this as the maj or discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, in its way, an illuminating piece of news. It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment to be told by any of us how little we known and how bewildering seems the way ahead. It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply make up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in eamest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far they are from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant. The hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted.But we are making a beginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that can"t be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions we can"t think up ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.（分数：7.50）(1).The author claims in the first paragraph that good science ______.（分数：1.50）A.defies predictionB.should study the unknownC.should discover scientific truthD.should offer choices rather than prescribe(2).It can be inferred from the passage that scientists of the 18th century ______.（分数：1.50）A.thought they knew a lot and could solve most problems of scienceB.knew that they were ignorant and wanted to know more about natureC.did more harm than good in promoting man"s understanding of natureD.were afraid of facing up to the realities of scientific research(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned about scientists in earlier times?（分数：1.50）A.They invented false theories to explain things they didn"t understandB.They paid little attention to the problems they didn"t understandC.They did not believe in results from scientific observationD.They falsely claimed to know all about nature(4).What is the author"s attitude towards science?（分数：1.50）A.He is depressed when he has found the ignorance of scientistsB.He is delighted because of the illuminating scientific findingsC.He is doubtful because of the enormous difficulties in scientific researchD.He is confident though there are many diffculties in scientific research(5).The author believes that ______.（分数：1.50）A.man can find solutions sooner or later to whatever questions concerning nature he can think upB.man can not solve the problems he can think up because of the limits of human intellectC.sooner or later man can think up all the questions concerning nature and answer themD.questions concerning consciousness are outside the scope of scientific researchIn England along a stretch of the northeast coast which gently curves from Northumberland to the estuary of the river Tees, there was a spot, typical of many on that coast, where sea coal was collected richly and effortlessly. This coal was a coarse powder, clean and brilliant. It seemed to bear little resemblance to the large, filthy lumps put onto the fire. Although it was coal, it was perfectly clean and it was silently deposited at high tide in a glittering carpet a kilometer long for the local community to gather up.The gear needed for sea-coaling expeditions was a curious and traditionally proven assortment which never varied from community to community along the entire northeast coastline. Sacks were essential to put the coal in, and string to tie the neck of each sack when it is full. A wooden rake was used to scrape the coal from the beach. The only alternative to the rake was a flat piece of board held in the hand. A flat, board shovel to lift the raked coal into the bags, completed the portable hardware.But the most crucial item of equipment was a bicycle, a special kind of rusty striped- down model which was the symbol of the sea-coaling craft. A lady"s bike was no good because it lacked a crossbar, and that was an essential element in transporting sea coal. One full sack could be slung through the triangular frame of a man"s bike, another over the crossbar and, sometimes, even a third on top of that. The beauty of the metal bar against the full, wet sacks forced excess water out of the coal while it was being wheeled home. On a good day, the path to the beach was generally a double snail-track of water that had been forced from each end of a trail of coal sacks.（分数：8.00）(1).It can be inferred that between the two types of coal, sea coal ______.（分数：2.00）A.could burn betterB.might be cheaperC.was more finely-grainedD.came in big pieces(2).According to the passage, certain equipment was used because ______.（分数：2.00）A.it had proved to be practicalB.it could be made by communitiesC.people there were very traditionalD.the communities had curious habits(3).To carry three sacks of coal on a bicycle, it was necessary to ______.（分数：2.00）A.put one of them on the saddleB.balance them all on the crossbarC.remove the excess liquidD.balance two on the crossbar(4).By using the bicycle, ______.（分数：2.00）A.coal could be moved easily over the sandB.the collectors could sell more coalC.excess liquid could be removedD.the collectors could ride home三、Part Ⅲ Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The mass media is a big part of our culture, yet it can also be a helper, adviser and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by acting as a(an) 1 for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way, it 2 a variety of functions in human life.The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the 3 of leisure: there is less time for games, amusement and rest. 4 by what is happening on the screen, children not only imitate what they see but directly 5 themselves with different characters. Americans have been concerned about the 6 of violence in the media and its 7 harm to children and adolescents for at least forty years. During this period, new media 8 , such as video games, cable television, music videos, and the Internet. As they continue to gain popularity, these media, 9 television, 10 public concern and research attention.Another large societal concern on our younger generation 11 by the media, is the body image. 12 forces can influence body image positively or negatively. 13 one, societal and cultural norms and mass media marketing 14 our concept of beauty. In the mass media, the images of 15 beauty fill magazines and newspapers, 16 from our televisions and entertain us 17 the movies. Even in advertising, the mass media 18 on accepted cultural values of thinnesss and fitness for commercial gain. Young adults are presented with a 19 defined standard of attractiveness, a(n) 20 that carries unrealistic physical expectations.（分数：10.00）A.representativeB.substituteC.preferenceD.alternativeA.fulfillsB.sufficesC.accomplishesD.providesA.heightB.expenseC.mercyD.riskA.AttractedB.AbsorbedC.AddictedD.ArousedB.equateC.identifyD.recognizeA.prevalenceB.recurrenceC.abundanceD.incidenceA.hiddenB.disposedC.potentialD.implicitA.immergedB.mergedC.submergedD.emergedA.much asB.apart fromC.along withD.but forA.propelB.prosperC.promoteD.promptA.contributedB.inspiredC.imposedD.deliveredA.ExposedB.ExplicitC.ExteriorD.ExternalA.AtB.ForC.AsD.InA.effectB.shockC.markD.impactA.standardizedB.categorizedC.generalizedD.regularizedA.brimB.beamC.bottomD.boomA.onC.overD.withA.takeB.resortC.playD.profitA.subjectivelyB.narrowlyC.carefullyD.barelyA.idealB.stereotypeC.criterionD.image四、Part Ⅳ Writing(总题数：1，分数：15.00)11.Directions : In this part, you are required to write an essay of no less than 200 words on The Basic Purpose of College Education. The essay should be based on the outline below:1. Some people believe that colleges and universities are primarily vehicles for the preservation, development and transmission of our intellectual culture;2. Others argue that colleges and universities should give students what they need to find well-paid jobs;3. Your opinions.（分数：15.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：34
2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Because of the close （）of architects and builders, the building was completed ahead of schedule.问题1选项A.simulationpositionC.collaborationD.inflation【答案】C【解析】simulation模拟；composition作曲, 构成；collaboration合作；inflation膨胀。
句意:由于建筑师和施工人员的密切合作, 这座建筑提前完工。
选项C符合句意。
2.单选题The police carried out an （）investigation, but the missing woman was not yet found.问题1选项A.exhaustingB.exhaustibleC.exhaustiveD.exhausted 【答案】C【解析】exhausting使精疲力竭的；exhaustible可被用尽的；exhaustive详尽的，彻底的；exhausted 疲惫的，耗尽的。
根据句意可知这里指彻底的调查，所以选项C符合句意。
3.翻译题在找工作的过程中，面试是一个关键时刻；面试的成功与否，除了面试官如何看你的条件及个人素质外，主要取决于他们如何评价你在面试中总的表现；因此，有必要把它当作一场演出或比赛来看待，其目的是向面试官表示你是干这项工作的最佳人选；大多数人在面试中采取被动策略，尽全力回答提出的问题；一种更好的方法是控制局面，使面试官有绝对理由相信你能胜任这项工作，让他们没有理由相信你不能胜任它。
【答案】The job interview is an important moment in job hunting. In addition to how the interviewers see your qualifications and personal qualities, much will depend on how they evaluate your interview performance in general. Therefore, it is helpful to consider it a performance or a game whose goal is to show the interviewers that you are the best person for the job. Most people adopt a passive strategy in an interview, answering whatever questions they are asked to the best of their ability. A better approach is to bring the situation under control and give the interviewers every reason to believe that you can handle the job for which you are being considered and little reason to believe you can’t.4.单选题The hall was supported by six thick（）.问题1选项A.torchesB.postsC.fringesD.pillars【答案】D【解析】torch火炬；post标杆；fringe边缘，穗；pillars柱子。
湖北省联考考博英语部分真题
湖北省联考考博英语部分真题SectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C,or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.（40points）Text1While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life,women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category.Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,according to Dr.Yehuda,chief psychiatrist at New York''s Veteran''s Administration Hospital.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affects the stress response,causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries（the female reproductive organs）removed,their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.Adding to a woman''s increased dose of stress chemicals,are her increased opportunities for stress.It''s not necessarily that women don''t cope as well.It''s just that they have so much more to cope with,says Dr.Yehuda.Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men''s, she observes,It''s just that they''re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.Dr.Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes.I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature.Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress.Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence.The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations,by,unfortunately,parents or other family numbers,and they tend not to be one-shot deals.The Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi huo kao bo fu dao ti yan qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.Adeline Alvarez married at18and gave birth to a son,but wad determined to finish college.I struggled a lot to get thecollege degree.I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape,to go to school,and get ahead and do better. Later her marriage ended and she became a single mother.It''s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager,have a job,pay the rent,pay the car payment,and pay the debt.I lived from paycheck to paycheck.Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes.But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations,with few breaks,and feeling the strain.Alvarez''s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.21.Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?[A]Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.[B]Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.[C]Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.[D]Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.22.Dr.Yehuda''s research suggests that women[A]Need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress.[B]Have limited capacity for tolerating stress.[C]Are more capable of avoiding stress.[D]Are exposed to more stress.23.According to Paragraph4,the stress women confront tends to be[A]domestic and temporary.[B]irregular and violent.[C]durable and frequent.[D]trivial and random.24.The sentence I lived from paycheck to paycheck.（Line 6,Para.5）shows that[A]Alvarez cared about nothing but making money.[B]Alvarez''s salary barely covered her household expenses.[C]Alvarez got paychecks from different jobs.[D]Alvarez paid practically everything by check.25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A]Strain of Stress:No Way Out?[B]Responses to Stress:Gender Difference[C]Stress Analysis:What Chemicals Say[D]Gender Inequality:Women Under Stress本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
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湖北联考考博英语历年试题型题量综合分析导言：考博英语真题的重要性全国各大院校在制定本校英语专业考试大纲时，对英语的考核基本上不指定参考书，考生在备考时往往感到漫无目的，无所适从，所以对各大院校的考博英语历年真题分析则显得尤为重要。
华慧考博英语教研中心在历时8年的教学研究的过程中，总结国内50多所重点院校的考博英语试题的出题特点与规律，认为考生精研各院校的历年试题对考出良好的成绩有非常大的帮助。
1、考博英语试题的独特性众所周知，英语类的考试，如高考、大学英语四六级、专业四八级考试、研究生入学考试等均由统一的命题组人员统一命制试题，命题组阵容强大，且耗费的人力、物力也不在少数，其题目基本是原创题目。
而考博英语却并非这样，因此，考博英语有其自身的独特性，考博英语的独特性主要表现在其命题方式与题目来源两方面。
首先，从命题方式来看，博士考试中，要求考生达到英语的最低分数线，这一要求就注定了各大考博院校的英语试题的命题方式，各大考博院校不会花费大量的人力、物力及时间原创一套考博英语试题。
并且各大院校为了保证其试题的准确性，一般会选择已经考过的各类相关难度的试题，这样就可以避免出现大量的因个人学术水平方面而引起的错误和争议。
其次，从题目来源看，各大院校的考博英语试题基本来自专四、专八、六级或其它考博院校的原题，极少出现原创题目。
因其题目来源的独特性，我们研究各大院校的考博英语试题就显得非常有必要且益处极大。
如果考生在考前了解了这一情况，且充分重视这个规律，那么获得考博英语高分不是什么难事。
所以考生考前精研考博英语真题是非常有必要的。
2、考博英语试题的作用考博英语试题的作用主要有三个，即指导、规划与调控作用。
指导作用。
通过研读历年的考博英语试题，考生可以了解该院校的题目类型、题目来源、题目难度等，指导考生在较短的时间内找到正确的复习方法，获得自己满意的成绩。
规划作用。
考生在宏观把握所报考院校的英语试题的出题规律后，结合自身的英语情况，对自己的英语备考做出一个正确且切合实际的复习规划。
调控作用。
通过研读历年的考博英语试题，以所报考院校的英语真题为标杆，随时监控与调节自己的复习计划，使自己的复习计划在最短的时间内获得满意的成绩。
由此可知，研究真题对于考生在较短时间内提升成绩是有很大帮助的。
因此，华慧考博英语研究中心对湖北联考历年的考博真题进行了细致且深入的研究，将湖北联考考博英语的出题特点、题目类型等进行了详细论述，对下一年度的考博英语命题趋势进行了预测，并提出了针对湖北联考考博英语的备考方法，让考生的复习备考更加具有针对性，让考生少走弯路，快速提高考试成绩。
以下是华慧考博英语研究中心对湖北联考考博英语历年试题详细分析。
一、湖北联考考博英语试题的考核要求参与湖北联考的院校是指在汉中央部委直属高校（除武汉大学、华中科技大学外）、湖北省属高校。
包括华中师范大学、武汉理工大学、华中农业大学、中南财经政法大学、湖北中医药大学、武汉科技大学、湖北大学、中南民族大学、武汉工程大学、武汉体育学院、长江大学、海军工程大学、军事经济学院等湖北高校。
湖北联考博士研究生非英语专业入学考试是学校为招收博士研究生而设置的选拔性考试。
教育部颁布的《硕士、博士研究生英语教学大纲》规定：“博士生入学其英语水平原则上应达到或略高于硕士生的水平”。
根据这一规定，并结合历年招收博士研究生的具体情况，湖北联考博士生入学英语考试既考查考生的语言知识，又注重测试考生的语言应用能力。
湖北联考的英语考试采用笔试方式，时间为180分钟，满分为100分。
试题共分为四个部分：阅读理解、完型填空、翻译、作文。
1、阅读理解该部分考查考生对书面英语的理解能力，其中包括理解具体信息，掌握文章大意，以及根据语境推断未知信息。
该部分共5篇文章，每篇文章4个问题，考生从4个选项中选出最佳答案。
每篇文章约600词左右，每题2分，共40分。
2、完型填空主要考查考生综合运用语言的能力。
这一题型的特点在于它的综合性，也就是说，它对于考生的阅读能力，语法分析能力，词汇熟练掌握程度甚至考生个人的逻辑推理能力都进行了考查，因而具有相当的难度。
每篇文章大约300词左右，20个题，每题0.5分，共10分。
3、翻译A、英译汉。
要求考生通过阅读400-600词左右的英语篇章，然后将有下划线的3个句子翻译成汉语。
主要测试考生是否能从语篇的角度正确理解英语原句的意思，并能用准确、达意的汉语书面表达出来，共15分。
B、汉译英。
要求考生将一段中文文章翻译为英文，该部分主要考查考生将原文思想传送到译文中的能力，着重测试整体性、逻辑性、信息的完整性和准确性。
这部分既考查考生的英语功底，同时也考查考生对中文原文的理解能力。
4、写作写作部分包括两个部分。
一个是应用文写作，10分，根据题目要求写出一篇150字的文章。
第二部分是短文写作，15分，该部分考查考生的书面表达能力，要求考生根据提示信息、所给题目或所提供的图或表格等，写出一篇说明或议论型短文。
文章应主题明确，有逻辑性，语言规范，长度不少于200词。
二、湖北联考考博英语历年试题命题变化分析首先，我们对湖北联考历年考博英语的题型与题量分布情况，通过表格形式做一下介绍：表1-1 历年湖北联考英语试题题型、题量统计表第一，题型变化。
湖北联考考博英语试题有一个很明显的分界线，即09年之后取消了词汇题，增加了应用文写作，这一变化说明湖北联考的试题比较注重考查考生的英语语言的运用能力。
而完型填空则有04年至09年的无选项转变为有选项的完型填空，分值没有变化；第二，分值变化。
从09年之后，湖北联考考博英语试题的分值有较大程度的调整，阅读理解由之前的30%增加到了40%，完型填空分值保持不变，翻译的分值降到了25%，减少了中译英的分值，作文的分值增加到了25%，这一系列的变化说明湖北联考的试题更注重于考生对于英语语言的运用能力和英语语言的综合理解能力；第三，试题难度的变化。
根据上表可知，湖北联考取消了词汇题，增加了阅读的比重和作文的比重，作文增加了应用文的写作，这一变化说明湖北联考的试题难度较之前有所上升。
综上所述，2015年湖北联考考博英语试题的题型变化的可能性不大，但是题目难度则可能会有所增加。
三、近4年湖北联考各个题型分析及备考方法因09年是湖北联考英语试题的一个分界线，因此，我们在这里只研究它近4年的题目。
华慧考博英语研究中心选取了湖北联考自10年至13年的试题题型为蓝本，研究了其各个题型的出题特点、出题来源等。
湖北联考的四大题型各具特点，下面将通过图表，分别对各个题型的命题情况进行详细分析和说明。
（一）阅读理解1、题型分析在湖北联考的试题中，阅读理解所占的比重最大，因此，英语想过线，重点在阅读，想考试拿高分，重点也在阅读，正所谓“得阅读者得天下”。
因此，掌握该院校阅读理解的出题规律，做到“知己知彼，方能百战百胜”。
阅读理解考查的是考生的信息辨认能力、信息转述能力、推理能力以及语篇逻辑的理解能力等。
因此，考生在备考时，阅读理解的模拟训练题目难度可稍微高于真题题目的难度。
而通过研究湖北联考10年至13年试题阅读理解的题目来源与题型分布，我们就能做到心中有数。
湖北联考阅读理解的题目来源与题型分布的具体情况见表1-2（罗马数字1，2，3，4，5分别代表阅读文章1，2， 3，4，5）和表1-3。
表1-2 湖北联考阅读理解来源表从表1-2可以得出以下几点：第一，从文章篇数看，湖北联考近4年的阅读理解均为5篇文章，阅读理解文章篇数一直很稳定，因此，2015年的阅读理解文章的篇数可能仍然保持在5篇文章；第二，从题目来源看，10和11年的题目多来源于考研模拟、专四、大学四级等考试，而2012年和2013年的试题则多来源于各大杂志或者报刊上的文章、GRE、IELTS 等上面的文章。
因此，2015年湖北联考阅读理解的来源可能会更倾向于各大报刊、杂志上的文章；第三，从文章类型看，纵观湖北联考近4年的文章类型，我们可以了解到，湖北联考近4年的阅读文章，社会生活类的占8篇，文化教育类的占6篇，政治经济类和医药健康类的各占3篇，由此可知，湖北联考的阅读理解文章的专业性不强，但是比较注重考查考生的综合能力，2015年湖北联考的试题应该还是会比较注重考查学生的综合能力；第四，从题目难度看，湖北联考的试题从12年开始，是有所上升的。
10年和11年的试题难度相对较小，而从12年开始，试题难度则有所上升。
接着，我们再来看下湖北联考阅读理解所考查的题目类型，见表1-3.表1-3 阅读理解题目类型分布表通过观察表1-3，我们可以得知，湖北联考阅读理解考查的题目以推理判断题和细节题为主，词义推测题、主旨大意题和观点态度题考查较少，而细节题和推理判断题则需要考生对文章定位准确，对文章的长难句能准确把握其意思。
由以上两个表格可知，2015年湖北联考的考博英语阅读理解出现原创性文章的可能性较小，其文章体裁的变化可能会一直呈现多样化及综合化。
2、备考方法阅读理解是湖北联考考博英语的考查重点。
根据上表，从出题的来源、题材、考察点来分析，历年真题对备考湖北联考具有非常重要的指导意义，有助于考生选择合适的资料、提高复习的效率，节省备考时间。
考生在备考时，可以选择华慧考博研究中心研发的《阅读理解220篇》（上、下册），该书是根据以上命题规律汇编而成，收录的文章来源于四、六级真题、专四与专八的真题、以及各大院校的考博真题等。
上册题目较为简单，而且每篇文章后都附有长难句剖析，这对于初学者是非常有帮助的，可以使考生在掌握做阅读理解的基本方法后，还能学会如何分析长难句，对于准确理解文章是非常有帮助的，而下册是模拟试题，且每篇文章后配有相应的长难句解析，这样的编排既能让考生模拟阅读理解的考试，又有助于考生理解文章的长难句，把握文章的大意。
此外，华慧考博英语阅读基础班、强化班网络课程，从提升阅读理解能力入手，让考生掌握阅读理解的解题方法和技巧，提升考试成绩。
同时，考生可多浏览报刊杂志上的文章，基础阶段可阅读中国日报，接着，可阅读经济学人、卫报、纽约时报上的文章，了解时事动态，提高自身的阅读能力。
3、解题步骤理论是基础，但是没有正确的做题方法，理论仅仅是理论，不能为我们提高成绩服务。
因此做题方法与步骤也是非常重要的。
阅读理解主要分三步走1）题干先行：通过阅读题目，确定文章的中心，初步了解文章的大意；2）原文定位：搜索题干中的时间地点人物概念，然后去原文中对照找出相应的地方；3）分析对比：选择正确选项，排除干扰选项。
（二）完型填空1、题型分析湖北联考考博的完型填空给出一篇空白处较多的短文，通常有300词左右，20个空白，每道题0.5分，共10分，有选项。
湖北联考完型填空的难度不大。
湖北联考完型填空的题目基本上是对基本功的测试与逻辑推理能力，出题选项主要是比较常见的词语，需要考生扎实掌握各类的语法难点和重点。