2014机械制造英语练习答案
机械英语试题及答案解析
机械英语试题及答案解析一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the term for the process of removing material froma workpiece to create a part?A. MachiningB. WeldingC. CastingD. Forging答案：A2. Which of the following is a type of metal cutting operation?A. DrillingB. SolderingC. BrazingD. Annealing答案：A3. The term "CNC" stands for:A. Computer Numerical ControlB. Closed Network CircuitC. Centralized Network CommunicationD. Continuous Numerical Calculation答案：A4. What is the primary function of a lathe?A. To shape woodB. To cut threads on a workpieceC. To bend metal sheetsD. To forge metal答案：B5. In the context of manufacturing, what does "CAD" refer to?A. Computer Aided DesignB. Computer Aided DraftingC. Computer Aided DevelopmentD. Computer Aided Diagnosis答案：A6. Which of the following is a common material used in the production of machine parts?A. PlasticB. CeramicC. AlloyD. Glass答案：C7. The process of joining two pieces of metal by heating them to their melting point is known as:A. SolderingB. BrazingC. WeldingD. Gluing答案：C8. What is the role of a milling machine in the manufacturing process?A. To cut internal threadsB. To shape the surface of a workpieceC. To drill holesD. To create a smooth finish on a surface答案：B9. The term "tolerance" in mechanical engineering refers to:A. The maximum weight of a partB. The acceptable variation in size or shape of a partC. The minimum strength of a materialD. The standard size of a part答案：B10. What is the purpose of a jig in manufacturing?A. To hold workpieces in place during machiningB. To measure the dimensions of a partC. To cut threads on a workpieceD. To provide power to a machine tool答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The process of shaping metal by applying pressure is known as _______.答案：Forging12. A _______ is a tool that holds a cutting tool and guides it through a specific path.答案：Cutter13. In machining, the term "feed rate" refers to the _______ of the tool relative to the workpiece.答案：Speed14. The _______ is a device that can be used to measure the internal diameter of a hole.答案：Micrometer15. The process of hardening a metal to increase its strength is called _______.答案：Quenching16. A _______ is a machine tool used for shaping a workpiece by removing material.答案：Milling Machine17. The _______ is the process of cutting a workpiece along a straight line.答案：Sawing18. The _______ is a type of machine tool used for cutting internal threads.答案：Tapping Machine19. The _______ is the process of heating and cooling a metalto alter its physical properties.答案：Heat Treatment20. A _______ is a device that holds a workpiece in place during machining.答案：Vise三、简答题（每题5分，共10分）21. Explain the difference between a milling machine and a lathe.答案：A milling machine is used for shaping the surfaceof a workpiece by removing material with a rotating multi-toothed cutter, whereas a lathe is used for shaping a workpiece by rotating it and cutting it with a stationary tool.22. What is the purpose of a jig in the manufacturing process?答案：A jig is a device used in manufacturing to hold a workpiece in a specific position while it is being machined, ensuring accuracy and repeatability in the production process.四、论述题（每题15分，共15分）23. Discuss the importance of precision in mechanical engineering and how it affects the performance of a machine.答案：Precision in mechanical engineering is crucial asit ensures that components fit together correctly andfunction as intended. Inaccurate parts can lead to poor performance, increased wear, and even failure of the machine. Precision is achieved through the use of。
机械制造专业英语课后翻译标准答案
应力与应变第一单元That branch of scientific analysis which motions, times and forces is called mechanicsand is made up of two parts, statics and dynamics.研究位移、时间和力运动乘力是科学分析法的一个分歧，被称作力学，力学由两大部静力学和动力学。
分组成，For example, if the force operating on a sleeve bearing becomes too high, it will squeeze outthe oil film and cause metal-to-metal contact, overheating and rapid failure of the bearing.例如：如果止推轴承上的作用力过大的话，会挤出油膜，引起金属和金属之间的相互接触，轴承将过热而迅速失效。
and of place application, direction, concept Our intuitive of force includes such ideas asmagnitude, and these are called the characteristics of a force.。
力的直观概念包括力的作用点、大小、方向，这些被称为力的三要素All bodies are either elastic or plastic and will be deformed if acted upon by forces. When thedeformation of such bodies is small, they are frequently assumed to be rigid, i.e., incapableof deformation, in order to simplify the analysis.的，如果受到力的作用就产生变形。
机械制造专业英语课后答案(部分)
专业英语翻译一stress and strain（应力与应变）1the fundamental concepts 基本概念cross section 横截面 the internal stresses produced in the bar 杆的内应力continuous distribution of hydrostatic pressure 流体静压力 the tensile load 拉伸载荷 a uniform distribution over the cross section 在横截面均匀分布arbitrary cross-sectional shape 任意截面形状 tensile stresses 拉应力 compressive stresses 压应力 a normal stress 正应力through the centroid of the cross sectional area 通过横截面形心the uniform stress condition 压力均匀分布 the stress distribution at the ends of the bar 杆末端应力分布 high localized stresses 高度应力集中 an axially loaded bar 轴向载荷杆件 a tensile strain 拉应变 an elongation or stretching of the material 材料拉伸 a compressive strain 压应变 the ratio of two lengths 两个长度的比值 purely statical and geometrical considerations 从纯静态以及几何角度考虑 1.That branch of scientific analysis which motions, times and forces is called mechanics and ismade up of two parts, statics and dynamics. 研究位移、时间和力运动乘力是科学分析法的一个分支，被称作力学，力学由两大部分组成，静力学和动力学。
机械制造专业英语--课后答案(部分).(精选)
专业英语翻译一（应力与应变）1 基本概念横截面杆的内应力流体静压力拉伸载荷a在横截面均匀分布任意截面形状拉应力压应力a 正应力通过横截面形心压力均匀分布杆末端应力分布高度应力集中轴向载荷杆件a 拉应变材料拉伸a 压应变两个长度的比值从纯静态以及几何角度考虑1 , , . 研究位移、时间和力运动乘力是科学分析法的一个分支，被称作力学，力学由两大部分组成，静力学和动力学。
2 , a , , . 例如：如果止推轴承上的作用力过大的话，会挤出油膜，引起金属和金属之间的相互接触，轴承将过热而迅速失效。
3 , , , a . 力的直观概念包括力的作用点、大小、方向，这些被称为力的三要素。
4 . , , ., , . 所有的物体既可以是弹性的也可以是塑性的，如果受到力的作用就产生变形。
当变形很小的时候它们被假设成刚体，也就是不产生变形。
5 . . 刚体假设不能应用于内应力和内应变的分析，所以在实际力的分析时，要考虑物体的形变。
6 a , a a .如果作用在质点上所有的力是平衡的，质点将会保持静止或做做匀速直线运动。
21)主要的表现能力2)( )最大单位载荷(应力) 3 ) 应力—应变图4 ) 简单的拉伸试验5) 断裂伸长率6 ) 拉伸试样的两端7 ) 永久变形8 ) 由此产生的载荷位移曲线9 )a 大量产生的物质10 ) 屈服点11) 从弹性到塑性的过度12 ) 材料属性表13 ) 塑性变形14 )a 指定的标准式样长度15) 此刻的破裂16) 短圆柱标本17 ) 韧性材料18 )高应力集中19 ) 极限抗拉强度20 ) 应变硬化区1)A aa . . 拉伸试验包括慢慢加载拉伸载荷直到断裂，拉伸试件两端加粗为了提供装夹区域和避免试件断裂。
2 ) a , ,a . 通常进行试验的方法就是使试件以恒定速度发生变形。
例如，在万能拉伸试验机上，固定端和移动的十字滑块之间的变形是以恒定速度进行的。
3) . FA . 随着实验的进行，用来产生位移的载荷是随位移的变化而变化。
机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语课后题
Aliuminum 铝copper 铜nicke 镍titanium 钛structural strength 结构强度deep drawing 拉伸加工hardenability 硬化性machinability 可加工性cold drawn冷拔steel sheet钢板percent reduction in area 断面收缩率endurance limit 疲劳极限rolled-steel shapes 轧制钢板corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀性rupture 断裂non-ferrous 非钢的stress-strain curve 应力应变曲线yield point 屈服点percentage elongation 伸长率necking 颈缩sensitivity 灵敏性Kinematic elements运动员素External appearance外观Sound judgment准确判断Fatigue strenghth结构强度Enviroment damage环境损害Ductile or brittle韧性或脆性Blow out吹息Interference fit joint干涉配合关节定义 defintion力 f orce轴axle非金属nometal结构structure载荷load用途use性质properties低碳钢low-carbon高强度钢hinger-strengt steel热处理heat treatment屈服强度yield strength弹性模量elastic modulus伸长率percentage elongation韧性toughness内应力internal stresses应变硬化strain hardening横截面cross-sectional area断面收缩率reduction in area比例极限limit of proportionality屈服极限yield limit延性ductiliy机械性质mechanical propertiece 用..除..divide byT he distinction between a mental and nonmetal is not away clear cutEngineers would not be particularly interest in such a metal if absolute pure metal were to be producedOf the 50 or so metallic elements,only a few produce and used in large quantities in engineer practices.In the elastic range,the deformation of the specimen disappeared after the load was removed.Logically speaking,once the elastic limit is exceeded,the metal should start to yield,and finally break,without any increase in the value of stressThe purpose of design calculations is to predict the stress or deformation in the part in order that it may safely carry the load which will be imposed on it and that it my last for the expected life of machineDynamic loads are generally more dangerous than strain loads and fatigue strength must be consideredWhen loaded the material deforms and the amount of deformation depends on the size of the load。
机械英语试题及答案详解
机械英语试题及答案详解一、选择题1. The term "mechanical engineering" refers to the application of engineering principles to:A. Chemical processesB. Electrical systemsC. Design and manufacture of machinesD. Software development答案：C2. What is the primary function of a bearing in a mechanical system?A. To convert energyB. To reduce frictionC. To increase efficiencyD. To absorb heat答案：B3. The process of converting a rough workpiece into a finished part is known as:A. MachiningB. WeldingC. CastingD. Forging答案：A二、填空题4. The formula for calculating the force exerted by a springis known as ________.答案：Hooke's Law5. In mechanical design, the term ________ refers to thestudy of the forces and moments acting on a body.答案：Statics6. The unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI) is ________.答案：Pascal (Pa)三、简答题7. Explain the difference between static and dynamic friction.答案：Static friction is the force that must be overcometo start moving an object at rest, while dynamic friction is the force that opposes the motion of an object that isalready moving.8. Describe the purpose of a gear in a mechanical system.答案：A gear is used to transmit motion and force from one part of a system to another, often changing the speed and/or direction of the motion.四、计算题9. A hydraulic press has a piston with an area of 0.02 m². If the pressure applied to the piston is 5 MPa, calculate the force exerted by the piston.答案：Force = P ressure × Area = 5 × 10⁶ Pa × 0.02 m²= 100,000 N10. A lever is balanced when the product of the effort force and its distance from the fulcrum is equal to the product of the load force and its distance from the fulcrum. If the effort force is 300 N and the load force is 1200 N, and the effort is applied 2 m from the fulcrum, calculate the distance from the fulcrum to the load.答案：Let the distance from the fulcrum to the load be\( x \). According to the principle of levers, \( 300 N\times 2 m = 1200 N \times x \). Solving for \( x \) gives\( x = \frac{300 N \times 2 m}{1200 N} = 0.5 m \).五、论述题11. Discuss the importance of mechanical vibrations in the context of machinery operation and maintenance.答案：Mechanical vibrations are crucial in machinery for several reasons. They can indicate the health of a machine, with abnormal vibrations often signaling a problem such as imbalance, misalignment, or wear. Monitoring vibrations can help in predictive maintenance, preventing breakdowns and extending the life of machinery.12. Explain the concept of stress concentration in mechanical components and its implications.答案：Stress concentration occurs in mechanical components where the stress is higher than the average stress due to geometrical discontinuities or material defects. This can lead to premature failure of the component under load, as the high-stress areas are more susceptible to fatigue and cracking. Designing to minimize stress concentrations and using materials with good fatigue resistance can mitigate these effects.。
内蒙古第一机械制造集团有限公司第一中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷word版含答案
第二节请听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。
请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman like the yellow sweater better?A. It looks cool.B. It is less expensive.C. It is more fashionable.7. What will the speakers do next?A. Drink something.B. Go home immediately.C. Try on the sweater. 请听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Who will cut the man’s hair?A. Kim.B. Tony.C. John.9. When will the man come to have the haircut?A. At 1: 30 pm.B. At 2:30 pm.C. At 3:30 pm.请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where does the woman want to go?A. To a bus station.B. To a bank.C. To a bookshop.11. Which bus should the woman take?A. Bus No. 953.B. Bus No. 14.C. Bus No. 44.12. What does the man tell the woman at the end of the conversation?A. How soon she can get to the bus stop.B. When she should get off the bus.C. Where she can buy a city map.请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When will the conference be over?A. On early Wednesday.B. On late Wednesday.C. On early Thursday.14. What is the woman interested in doing?A. Visiting history museums.B. Enjoying something outdoors.C.Visiting some art galleries.15. How will the woman get to the waterfall?A. By car.B. By bus.C. On foot.16. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The woman comes from a beautiful village.B. The man lives on Waterson Street.C. The waterfall is to the west of the town.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
机械制造专业英语答案
第一单元应力与应变That branch of scient ificanalys is whichmotion s, timesand forces is called mechan ics and is mad e up of two parts, static s and dynami cs.研究位移、时间和力运动乘力是科学分析法的一个分歧，被称作力学，力学由两大部分组成，静力学和动力学。
For example, if the force operat ing on a sleeve bearin g become s too high, it will squeeze out the oil film and cause metal-to-metal contac t, overhe ating and rapid failur e of the bearing. 例如：如果止推轴承上的作用力过大的话，会挤出油膜，引起金属和金属之间的相互接触，轴承将过热而迅速失效。
Our intuit ive concep t of forceinclud es such ideasas placeof applic ation, direct ion, and magnit ud e, and theseare called the charac teris ticsof a force.力的直观概念包括力的作用点、大小、方向，这些被称为力的三要素。
All bodies are either elastic or plastic and will be deformed if acted upon by forces. When the deform ation of such bodies is small, they are freque ntly assume d to be rigid , i.e., incapable of deform ation, in ordert o simplify the analysis. 所有的物体既可以是弹性的也可以是塑性的，如果受到力的作用就产生变形。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
1.Metals are elements that generally have good electrical and thermal conductivity. Many metals have high
strength, high stiffness, and have good ductility.
金属就是通常具有良好导电性和导热性的元素。
许多金属具有高强度、高硬度以及良好的延展性。
2.Plastic deformation is the ability of bend or deform before breaking. As engineers, we usually design
materials so that they don’t deform under normal conditions.
塑性变形就是在断裂前弯曲或变形的能力。
作为工程师，设计时通常要使材料在正常条件下不变形。
3.The lathe bed is the main frame, involving a horizontal beam on two vertical supports. It is usually made of grey or nodular
cast iron to damp vibrations and is made by casting.
车床床身是包含了在两个垂直支柱上水平横梁的主骨架。
为减振它一般由灰铸铁或球墨铸铁铸造而成。
4.Although small tolerances give higher quality work and a better operating mechanism, the cost of manufacture increases
rapidly as the tolerances are reduced. It is therefore important that the tolerances be specified at the largest values that the operating or functional considerations permit.
虽然较小公差能得到较高加工质量和较好操作机构，但随着公差的减小制造成本会迅速增加。
因此公差被定为从操作或功能考虑允许的最大值是重要的。
5. A tensile test consists of slowly pulling a sample of material with a tensile load until it breaks. The ends of tensile
specimens are usually enlarged to provide extra area for grip-ping and to avoid having the sample break where it is being gripped.
拉伸试验包括慢慢加载拉伸载荷直到断裂。
拉伸试件两端加粗为了提供装夹区域和避免试件断裂。
6.As we look around us we see a world full of “things”, machines, devices, tools, things that we have designed, built, and
used; things made of wood, metals, ceramics, and plastics. We know from experience that some things are better than others; they last longer, cost less, are quieter, or are ease to use.
当我们环顾四周，我们可以看到一个充满“物体”的世界，机器、设备、工具等一切由我们设计、建造和使用的物体；有木头、金属、水泥和塑料制成的物体。
从我们的经验我们知道一些物体会比其他一些物体更好，如使用寿命更长，成本更低，更轻便或者更容易使用。
7. Interchangeability means that identical parts must be interchangeable, i.e., able to replace each other, whether during
assembly or subsequent maintenance work; without the need for any fitting operations.
互换性意味着在相同的零件之间必须能够进行互换。
无论是在装配时还是在其后的维修时，这些零件都可以互相取代而不需任何修配工作。
8.The term operation is defined as when one oprator(or a group of operators) works in a definite position (one machine tool
or clipping table) to achieve the continuous man.
一个或一组工人，在一个工作地（机床设备）上，对同一个或同时对几个工件所连续完成的那一部分工艺过程称为工序。
9. A gear can be gripped axially between a shoulder on the shaft and a spacer, with torque being transmitted
through a key.
一个齿轮可以用轴肩和挡圈进行轴向固定，并通过键来传递。
10.。