2014机械制造英语练习答案

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机械英语试题及答案解析

机械英语试题及答案解析一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the term for the process of removing material froma workpiece to create a part?A. MachiningB. WeldingC. CastingD. Forging答案：A2. Which of the following is a type of metal cutting operation?A. DrillingB. SolderingC. BrazingD. Annealing答案：A3. The term "CNC" stands for:A. Computer Numerical ControlB. Closed Network CircuitC. Centralized Network CommunicationD. Continuous Numerical Calculation答案：A4. What is the primary function of a lathe?A. To shape woodB. To cut threads on a workpieceC. To bend metal sheetsD. To forge metal答案：B5. In the context of manufacturing, what does "CAD" refer to?A. Computer Aided DesignB. Computer Aided DraftingC. Computer Aided DevelopmentD. Computer Aided Diagnosis答案：A6. Which of the following is a common material used in the production of machine parts?A. PlasticB. CeramicC. AlloyD. Glass答案：C7. The process of joining two pieces of metal by heating them to their melting point is known as:A. SolderingB. BrazingC. WeldingD. Gluing答案：C8. What is the role of a milling machine in the manufacturing process?A. To cut internal threadsB. To shape the surface of a workpieceC. To drill holesD. To create a smooth finish on a surface答案：B9. The term "tolerance" in mechanical engineering refers to:A. The maximum weight of a partB. The acceptable variation in size or shape of a partC. The minimum strength of a materialD. The standard size of a part答案：B10. What is the purpose of a jig in manufacturing?A. To hold workpieces in place during machiningB. To measure the dimensions of a partC. To cut threads on a workpieceD. To provide power to a machine tool答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The process of shaping metal by applying pressure is known as _______.答案：Forging12. A _______ is a tool that holds a cutting tool and guides it through a specific path.答案：Cutter13. In machining, the term "feed rate" refers to the _______ of the tool relative to the workpiece.答案：Speed14. The _______ is a device that can be used to measure the internal diameter of a hole.答案：Micrometer15. The process of hardening a metal to increase its strength is called _______.答案：Quenching16. A _______ is a machine tool used for shaping a workpiece by removing material.答案：Milling Machine17. The _______ is the process of cutting a workpiece along a straight line.答案：Sawing18. The _______ is a type of machine tool used for cutting internal threads.答案：Tapping Machine19. The _______ is the process of heating and cooling a metalto alter its physical properties.答案：Heat Treatment20. A _______ is a device that holds a workpiece in place during machining.答案：Vise三、简答题（每题5分，共10分）21. Explain the difference between a milling machine and a lathe.答案：A milling machine is used for shaping the surfaceof a workpiece by removing material with a rotating multi-toothed cutter, whereas a lathe is used for shaping a workpiece by rotating it and cutting it with a stationary tool.22. What is the purpose of a jig in the manufacturing process?答案：A jig is a device used in manufacturing to hold a workpiece in a specific position while it is being machined, ensuring accuracy and repeatability in the production process.四、论述题（每题15分，共15分）23. Discuss the importance of precision in mechanical engineering and how it affects the performance of a machine.答案：Precision in mechanical engineering is crucial asit ensures that components fit together correctly andfunction as intended. Inaccurate parts can lead to poor performance, increased wear, and even failure of the machine. Precision is achieved through the use of。

机械制造专业英语课后翻译标准答案

应力与应变第一单元That branch of scientific analysis which motions, times and forces is called mechanicsand is made up of two parts, statics and dynamics.研究位移、时间和力运动乘力是科学分析法的一个分歧，被称作力学，力学由两大部静力学和动力学。

分组成，For example, if the force operating on a sleeve bearing becomes too high, it will squeeze outthe oil film and cause metal-to-metal contact, overheating and rapid failure of the bearing.例如：如果止推轴承上的作用力过大的话，会挤出油膜，引起金属和金属之间的相互接触，轴承将过热而迅速失效。

and of place application, direction, concept Our intuitive of force includes such ideas asmagnitude, and these are called the characteristics of a force.。

力的直观概念包括力的作用点、大小、方向，这些被称为力的三要素All bodies are either elastic or plastic and will be deformed if acted upon by forces. When thedeformation of such bodies is small, they are frequently assumed to be rigid, i.e., incapableof deformation, in order to simplify the analysis.的，如果受到力的作用就产生变形。

机械制造专业英语课后答案(部分)

专业英语翻译一stress and strain（应力与应变）1the fundamental concepts 基本概念cross section 横截面 the internal stresses produced in the bar 杆的内应力continuous distribution of hydrostatic pressure 流体静压力 the tensile load 拉伸载荷 a uniform distribution over the cross section 在横截面均匀分布arbitrary cross-sectional shape 任意截面形状 tensile stresses 拉应力 compressive stresses 压应力 a normal stress 正应力through the centroid of the cross sectional area 通过横截面形心the uniform stress condition 压力均匀分布 the stress distribution at the ends of the bar 杆末端应力分布 high localized stresses 高度应力集中 an axially loaded bar 轴向载荷杆件 a tensile strain 拉应变 an elongation or stretching of the material 材料拉伸 a compressive strain 压应变 the ratio of two lengths 两个长度的比值 purely statical and geometrical considerations 从纯静态以及几何角度考虑 1.That branch of scientific analysis which motions, times and forces is called mechanics and ismade up of two parts, statics and dynamics. 研究位移、时间和力运动乘力是科学分析法的一个分支，被称作力学，力学由两大部分组成，静力学和动力学。

机械制造专业英语--课后答案(部分).(精选)

专业英语翻译一（应力与应变）1 基本概念横截面杆的内应力流体静压力拉伸载荷a在横截面均匀分布任意截面形状拉应力压应力a 正应力通过横截面形心压力均匀分布杆末端应力分布高度应力集中轴向载荷杆件a 拉应变材料拉伸a 压应变两个长度的比值从纯静态以及几何角度考虑1 , , . 研究位移、时间和力运动乘力是科学分析法的一个分支，被称作力学，力学由两大部分组成，静力学和动力学。

2 , a , , . 例如：如果止推轴承上的作用力过大的话，会挤出油膜，引起金属和金属之间的相互接触，轴承将过热而迅速失效。

3 , , , a . 力的直观概念包括力的作用点、大小、方向，这些被称为力的三要素。

4 . , , ., , . 所有的物体既可以是弹性的也可以是塑性的，如果受到力的作用就产生变形。

当变形很小的时候它们被假设成刚体，也就是不产生变形。

5 . . 刚体假设不能应用于内应力和内应变的分析，所以在实际力的分析时，要考虑物体的形变。

6 a , a a .如果作用在质点上所有的力是平衡的，质点将会保持静止或做做匀速直线运动。

21)主要的表现能力2)( )最大单位载荷(应力) 3 ) 应力—应变图4 ) 简单的拉伸试验5) 断裂伸长率6 ) 拉伸试样的两端7 ) 永久变形8 ) 由此产生的载荷位移曲线9 )a 大量产生的物质10 ) 屈服点11) 从弹性到塑性的过度12 ) 材料属性表13 ) 塑性变形14 )a 指定的标准式样长度15) 此刻的破裂16) 短圆柱标本17 ) 韧性材料18 )高应力集中19 ) 极限抗拉强度20 ) 应变硬化区1)A aa . . 拉伸试验包括慢慢加载拉伸载荷直到断裂，拉伸试件两端加粗为了提供装夹区域和避免试件断裂。

2 ) a , ,a . 通常进行试验的方法就是使试件以恒定速度发生变形。

例如，在万能拉伸试验机上，固定端和移动的十字滑块之间的变形是以恒定速度进行的。

3) . FA . 随着实验的进行，用来产生位移的载荷是随位移的变化而变化。

机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语课后题

Aliuminum 铝copper 铜nicke 镍titanium 钛structural strength 结构强度deep drawing 拉伸加工hardenability 硬化性machinability 可加工性cold drawn冷拔steel sheet钢板percent reduction in area 断面收缩率endurance limit 疲劳极限rolled-steel shapes 轧制钢板corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀性rupture 断裂non-ferrous 非钢的stress-strain curve 应力应变曲线yield point 屈服点percentage elongation 伸长率necking 颈缩sensitivity 灵敏性Kinematic elements运动员素External appearance外观Sound judgment准确判断Fatigue strenghth结构强度Enviroment damage环境损害Ductile or brittle韧性或脆性Blow out吹息Interference fit joint干涉配合关节定义 defintion力 f orce轴axle非金属nometal结构structure载荷load用途use性质properties低碳钢low-carbon高强度钢hinger-strengt steel热处理heat treatment屈服强度yield strength弹性模量elastic modulus伸长率percentage elongation韧性toughness内应力internal stresses应变硬化strain hardening横截面cross-sectional area断面收缩率reduction in area比例极限limit of proportionality屈服极限yield limit延性ductiliy机械性质mechanical propertiece 用..除..divide byT he distinction between a mental and nonmetal is not away clear cutEngineers would not be particularly interest in such a metal if absolute pure metal were to be producedOf the 50 or so metallic elements,only a few produce and used in large quantities in engineer practices.In the elastic range,the deformation of the specimen disappeared after the load was removed.Logically speaking,once the elastic limit is exceeded,the metal should start to yield,and finally break,without any increase in the value of stressThe purpose of design calculations is to predict the stress or deformation in the part in order that it may safely carry the load which will be imposed on it and that it my last for the expected life of machineDynamic loads are generally more dangerous than strain loads and fatigue strength must be consideredWhen loaded the material deforms and the amount of deformation depends on the size of the load。

机械英语试题及答案详解

机械英语试题及答案详解一、选择题1. The term "mechanical engineering" refers to the application of engineering principles to:A. Chemical processesB. Electrical systemsC. Design and manufacture of machinesD. Software development答案：C2. What is the primary function of a bearing in a mechanical system?A. To convert energyB. To reduce frictionC. To increase efficiencyD. To absorb heat答案：B3. The process of converting a rough workpiece into a finished part is known as:A. MachiningB. WeldingC. CastingD. Forging答案：A二、填空题4. The formula for calculating the force exerted by a springis known as ________.答案：Hooke's Law5. In mechanical design, the term ________ refers to thestudy of the forces and moments acting on a body.答案：Statics6. The unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI) is ________.答案：Pascal (Pa)三、简答题7. Explain the difference between static and dynamic friction.答案：Static friction is the force that must be overcometo start moving an object at rest, while dynamic friction is the force that opposes the motion of an object that isalready moving.8. Describe the purpose of a gear in a mechanical system.答案：A gear is used to transmit motion and force from one part of a system to another, often changing the speed and/or direction of the motion.四、计算题9. A hydraulic press has a piston with an area of 0.02 m². If the pressure applied to the piston is 5 MPa, calculate the force exerted by the piston.答案：Force = P ressure × Area = 5 × 10⁶ Pa × 0.02 m²= 100,000 N10. A lever is balanced when the product of the effort force and its distance from the fulcrum is equal to the product of the load force and its distance from the fulcrum. If the effort force is 300 N and the load force is 1200 N, and the effort is applied 2 m from the fulcrum, calculate the distance from the fulcrum to the load.答案：Let the distance from the fulcrum to the load be\( x \). According to the principle of levers, \( 300 N\times 2 m = 1200 N \times x \). Solving for \( x \) gives\( x = \frac{300 N \times 2 m}{1200 N} = 0.5 m \).五、论述题11. Discuss the importance of mechanical vibrations in the context of machinery operation and maintenance.答案：Mechanical vibrations are crucial in machinery for several reasons. They can indicate the health of a machine, with abnormal vibrations often signaling a problem such as imbalance, misalignment, or wear. Monitoring vibrations can help in predictive maintenance, preventing breakdowns and extending the life of machinery.12. Explain the concept of stress concentration in mechanical components and its implications.答案：Stress concentration occurs in mechanical components where the stress is higher than the average stress due to geometrical discontinuities or material defects. This can lead to premature failure of the component under load, as the high-stress areas are more susceptible to fatigue and cracking. Designing to minimize stress concentrations and using materials with good fatigue resistance can mitigate these effects.。

内蒙古第一机械制造集团有限公司第一中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷word版含答案

第二节请听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。

请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Why does the woman like the yellow sweater better?A. It looks cool.B. It is less expensive.C. It is more fashionable.7. What will the speakers do next?A. Drink something.B. Go home immediately.C. Try on the sweater. 请听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8. Who will cut the man’s hair?A. Kim.B. Tony.C. John.9. When will the man come to have the haircut?A. At 1: 30 pm.B. At 2:30 pm.C. At 3:30 pm.请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Where does the woman want to go?A. To a bus station.B. To a bank.C. To a bookshop.11. Which bus should the woman take?A. Bus No. 953.B. Bus No. 14.C. Bus No. 44.12. What does the man tell the woman at the end of the conversation?A. How soon she can get to the bus stop.B. When she should get off the bus.C. Where she can buy a city map.请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. When will the conference be over?A. On early Wednesday.B. On late Wednesday.C. On early Thursday.14. What is the woman interested in doing?A. Visiting history museums.B. Enjoying something outdoors.C.Visiting some art galleries.15. How will the woman get to the waterfall?A. By car.B. By bus.C. On foot.16. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The woman comes from a beautiful village.B. The man lives on Waterson Street.C. The waterfall is to the west of the town.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

机械制造专业英语答案

第一单元应力与应变‎That branc‎h of scien‎t ific‎analy‎s is which‎motio‎n s, times‎and force‎s is calle‎d mecha‎n ics and is mad e up of two parts‎, stati‎c s and dynam‎i cs.研究位移、时间和力运‎动乘力是科‎学分析法的‎一个分歧，被称作力学‎，力学由两大‎部分组成，静力学和动‎力学。

For examp‎le, if the force‎ opera‎t ing on a sleev‎e beari‎n g becom‎e s too high, it will squee‎ze out the oil film and cause‎ metal‎-to-metal‎ conta‎c t, overh‎e atin‎g and rapid‎ failu‎r e of the beari‎ng. 例如：如果止推轴‎承上的作用‎力过大的话‎，会挤出油膜‎，引起金属和‎金属之间的‎相互接触，轴承将过热‎而迅速失效‎。

Our intui‎t ive conce‎p t of force‎inclu‎d es such ideas‎as place‎of appli‎c atio‎n, direc‎t ion, and magni‎t ud e, and these‎are calle‎d the chara‎c teri‎s tics‎of a force‎.力的直观概‎念包括力的‎作用点、大小、方向，这些被称为‎力的三要素‎。

All bodie‎s are eithe‎r elast‎ic or plast‎ic and will be defor‎med if acted‎ upon by force‎s. When the defor‎m atio‎n of such bodie‎s is small‎, they are frequ‎e ntly‎ assum‎e d to be rigid ‎, i.e., incap‎able of defor‎m atio‎n, in order‎t o simpl‎ify the analy‎sis. 所有的物体‎既可以是弹‎性的也可以‎是塑性的，如果受到力‎的作用就产‎生变形。

机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语课后题

机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语课后题第一单元3. Aliuminum铝copper 铜nicke镍titanium 钛structural strength结构强度deep drawing拉伸加工4. 定义defition 力torce 轴axle(roller) 非金属nometal 结构structure 载荷load 用途use(application)性质properties(nature)(character)第二单元4.hardenability硬化性machinability可加工性cold drawn 冷拔steel sheet钢板percent reduction in area断面收缩率endurance limit疲劳极限rolled-steel shapes 轧制钢板corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀性rupture断裂5.低碳钢low-carbon 高强度钢hinger-strengt steel热处理heat treatment屈服强度yield strength弹性模量elastic modulus伸长率percentage elongation韧性toughness内应力internal stresses第三单元4.non-ferrous 非钢的stress-strain curve应力应变曲线yield point屈服点percentage elongation伸长率necking 颈缩sensitivity 灵敏性5.应变硬化strain hardening横截面cross-sectional area断面收缩率reduction in area比例极限limit of proportionality 屈服极限yield limit 延性ductiliy机械性质mechannicalpropertiece用..除..divide…by…第六单元3.tangential notes肤浅的事情flexible manufacturingsystem 柔性制造系统machine instruction机器指令economy of scale规模经济Hardwireyd logic controller硬固线逻辑控制transfer-line运输线，流水线numerically control(NC)数字控制direct numerical control(DNC)直接数字控制computer numerical control(CNC)计算机数字控制4.计算机辅助制造computer-aided manufacturing数控机床手工、半自动化或全自动化manal semiautomatic or full automation 尽管机械制造业一直在持续发展，但知道20世纪50年代才出现又一个重大发展。

机械专业外语_习题集(含答案)

《机械专业外语》课程习题集一、短文翻译(英译汉)1. The solution to most design problems does arise from a set of equations, instead it is a compromise to satisfy a number of design requirements and practical limitations such as available tooling and servicing ease. Designs are often revised to introduce new features, but as much as possible of the old design is retained for economic reasons. Producing a revised design is usually not as difficult as producing a new design because the history of the original is available for evaluation.2. When cutting screw threads, power is provided to the gearbox of the apron by the lead screw. In all other turning operations, it is feed rod that drives the carriage. The lead screw goes through a pair of half nuts, which are fixed to the rear of the apron. When actuating a certain lever, the half nuts are clamped together and engage with the rotating lead screw as a single nut, which is feed , together with the carriage along the bed.3.Generally, grinding is considered to be a finishing process that is usually used for obtaining high-dimensional accuracy and better surface finish. Grinding can be performed on flat, cylindrical, or even internal surfaces by employing specialized machine tools, which are referred to as grinding machines. Obviously, grinding machines differ in construction as well as capabilities, and the type to be employed is determined mainly by the geometrical shape and nature of the surface to be ground. -e.g. cylindrical surfaces are ground on cylindrical grinding machines.4. The dielectric serves to concentrate the discharge energy into a channel of very small crosssectional area. It also cools the two electrodes, and flushes away the products of machining from the gap. The electrical resistance of the dielectric influences the discharge spark energy and time of spark initiation .if the resistance is low , an early discharge spark occurs. If it is large the capacitor will attain a higher value charge before the discharge spark occurs.5. As we previously saw, CNC,DNC and computer-assisted part programming are different kinds of preplanned computerized control of machine tools. In all cases, the tool path has to be established beforehand through a program, the person who prepares the programs employs his or her experience in order to bring the processing time to minimum and not to cause any damage or distortion to the workpiece. This is, in many cases, a difficult problem that involves many factors, alternatives, and constraints. Obviously, this is exactly where an expert system is needed.6. Equipment productively is improved because of the better utilization of machines whenCIM is implemented. We can see that factors like program ability of equipment and computerized monitoring and control of the whole manufacturing facility would largely improve the efficiency of machine utilization. Higher labor and equipment productivity would certainly result in lower product cost.7. Where loads are due to contact, a pair of equal and opposite forces occur. One force acts as an external load on one contacting member. This action-reaction force pairing is one of the basic natural laws put to practical use by engineers. Tracing these power transmission forces through connected machine linkages is an extremely useful visualization aid for identifying machine component loads.8. Element design is concerned with the proper sizing of machine elements to perform a given function at some stated life criterion. Mechanical designers must also be familiar with properties of materials and machining processes to achieve optimal design. In addition, designers must always contend with the question of cost. The watchword should be simplicity, since a simple device is usually the least expensive.9. The tailstock assembly consists basically of three parts, its lower base, an intermediate part, and the quill. The lower base is a casting that can slide on the lathe bed along the guideways, and it has a clamping device to enable locking the entire tailstock at any desired location, depending upon the length of the workpiece. The intermediate part is a casting that can be moved transversely to enable alignment of the axis of the tailstock with that of the headstock.10. Internal grinding is employed for grinding relatively short holed. The workpiece is held in a chuck or a special fixture. Both the grinding wheel and the workpiece rotate during the operation and feed is applied in the longitudinal direction. Any desired depth of cut can be obtained by the cross feed of the grinding wheel. A variation from this type is planetary internal grinding, which is recommended for heavy workpieces that cannot be held in chucks. In the case, the grinding wheel not only spins around its own axis but also rotates around the centerline of the hole that is being ground.11. The intelligent robot has always been the dream of manufacturing engineers, in order to make the automated factory of the future attainable. It is artificial intelligence that will make that dream come true. By definition, an intelligent robot is one that is able to think, sense, and effect, so that it can cope with a changing environment and learn from experience. Since thinking is a brain function, it is obvious that it would fall within the domain of artificial intelligence if it is to be performed by a computer. An integration between sensing, reasoning, and effecting would unify artificial intelligence and robots, with the final outcome an intelligent robot.12. In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the range of media used to convey information. Initially, communication was limited to simple forms of media such as voice and paper. This century, however, has witnessed the introduction of a greater variety of media types such as the telephone and visual forms of media. In the latter part of the century,this trend has accelerated and there is now a wide range of media types available to convey information.13. It is well known that a hot plate of metal will cool faster when placed in front of a fan than when exposed to still air. We say that the heat is convected away and we call the process convection heat transfer. Convection is a much simpler physical process than conduction since it merely consists of the actual motion of a volume of hot fluid from one place to another.14.Around the turn of the twentieth century the steam turbine came into use. Steam turbines are very efficient. They can utilize almost 40 percent of the energy supplied to them. They are three times as efficient as reciprocating engines. Steam turbines power many of the world's ships and the majority of the world's electricity generating stations.15. Most small i.C.engines in common use has four cylinders, which fire in a definite and regular sequence. A flywheel is fitted to the crankshaft to keep it running smoothly. It is essential for the inlet and exhaust valves to open and close at exactly the appropriate moment in relation to the position of the piston. Therefore they are actuated by a cam-shaft running in phase with the crankshaft.16. The alternative to forming method is machining. In machining, a sharpened tool of suitable shape removes material in the form of chips until the desired shape is produced. The use of computer and punched-tape control of machine tools makes it possible forthe machining tool to follow any complex three-dimensional path.17. Perhaps because more high-strength, hard, tough, and exotic materials are used, there isa tendency to use chipless machining despite the progress just noted. There is a trend to reduce the amount of metal that needs to be removed. Often chipless machining is more expensive, but the reduced loss of material results in a saving. The increased use of metal forming, forging, rolling, die-casting and other processes illustrates this trend.18.For the semi-mechanized forging of small to medium-sized components, forging hammers powered by various means are employed. The feature common to all of them is that, like the hand forging hammer, they utilize the energy of a falling weight to develop the pressure needed for shaping the metal. Larger components are forged by means of forging presses operated by steam or compressed air or by hydraulic or electric power. Largely automatic forging machines are used for the quantity production of engineering parts.19. As we know, these are the main tasks of an engineer: to explore new ways, invent new solutions to problems, and design new devices. In the research stage of a project, the engineer usually has found a new way of doing a job and is analyzing it (using mathematics and computers) to see how feasible the idea is and how well it will work. The development stage then follows. Here the idea is carried out in the laboratory. The processes vary among different projects, but the basic point is the same: Turn the idea into a working reality.20.The fact that steel can possess a wide range of useful mechanical properties is of extreme economic importance. This is clearly illustrated in the railroad industry, forex-ample. To move a train from one place to another, we use a locomotive which has the ability to pull a given total load. This load is composed of the weight of the cars and the weight of the freight being transported. If a freight car is made of high strength steel, the structural members can be relatively small and the car will be lighter as well as stronger. This means that the amount of freight can be increased.21.The simplest method of welding two pieces of metal together is known as pressure welding. The ends of metal are heated to a white heat— for iron, the welding temperature should be about 13000C—in a flame, At this temperature the metal becomes plastic. The ends are then pressed or hammered together, and the joint is smoothed off. Care must be taken to ensure that the surfaces are thoroughly clean first, for dirt will weaken the weld. Moreover, the heating of iron or steel to a high temperature causes oxidation, and a film of oxide is formed on the heated surfaces.22. The design of a machine includes many factors other than those of determining the loads and stresses and selecting the proper materials. Before construction or manufacture can begin, it is necessary to have complete assembly and detail drawings to convey all necessary information to the shop men. The designer frequently is called upon to check the drawings before they are sent to the shop. Much experience and familiarity with manufacturing processes are needed before one can become conversant with all phases of production drawings.23. Flat pulleys and belts. This is the oldest and simplest type of pulley and belt. The pulley may be a single pulley, or it may have three or four different diameters. A one-piece pulley having three or four diameters is called a cone pulley. Actually the pulleys are not flat. They are tapered slightly so that the diameter of the pulley is a little larger at its center. We call this a crowned pulley. The pulley is made larger in diameter at the center because a flat belt will always climb to the highest part of a pulley. The crown ensures that the belt will run in the center of the pulley.24.Of course, materials have always been vital to human civilization. Three of humanity’s earliest eras are called the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age, because the civilization of each was almost entirely dependent on the material after which the era was named. But now, in the twentieth century, materials-not just one, but many-have become a most important factor on which the advance of technology and industry depends. Our progress in space, in electronics, and in atomic energy is directly linked to the solution of crucial materials problems.25.The purpose of the design calculations is of course to attempt to predict the stress or deformation if the part in order that it may safely carry the loads which will be imposed upon it, and that it may last for the expected life of the machine. All calculations are, of course, dependent on the physical properties of the construction materials as determined by laboratory tests. A rational method of design attempts to take the results of relatively simple and fundamental tests and apply them to all the complicated and involved situations encountered in present-day machinery.二、按要求翻译下列句子（略）……答案1.对大多数设计问题的解决并不是来源于一组公式，而是受制于要满足很多设计要求和实际限制诸如可用的工具或使用的舒适性。

机械设计制造及自动化专业英语第三版课后答案

机械设计制造及自动化专业英语第三版课后答案1、I think ______ time with my friends is fun for me.（）[单选题] *A. spendB. spendC. spending(正确答案)D. spent2、It took a long time to _______ Tom to go shopping with me. [单选题] *A. speakB. tellC. persuade(正确答案)D. talk3、Neither she nor her friends ______ been to Haikou. [单选题] *A. have(正确答案)B. hasC. hadD. having4、The carbon we produce when we breathe is much less than（）produced by a car. [单选题] *A. oneB. itC. that(正确答案)D. those5、How lovely a day,（）? [单选题] *A. doesn't itB. isn't it(正确答案)C.shouldn't itD.hasn't it6、15．This kind of bread is terrible. I do not want to eat it ________. [单选题] *A．any more(正确答案)B．some moreC．no longerD．some longer7、You cannot see the doctor _____ you have made an appointment with him. [单选题] *A. exceptB.evenC. howeverD.unless(正确答案)8、( )He gave us____ on how to keep fit. [单选题] *A. some advicesB. some advice(正确答案)C. an adviceD. a advice9、( ) What _____ fine weather we have these days! [单选题] *A. aB. theC. /(正确答案)D. an10、Mary, together with her children ,_____ some video show when I went into the sitting room. [单选题] *A. were watchingB. was watching(正确答案)C. is watchingD. are watching11、--Jenny, what’s your favorite _______?--I like potatoes best. [单选题] *A. fruitB. vegetable(正确答案)C. drinkD. meat12、Is there ____ for one more in the car? [单选题] *A. seatB. situationC. positionD. room(正确答案)13、The old woman doesn’t feel _______ though she lives _______. [单选题] *A. alone; lonelyB. alone; aloneC. lonely; lonelyD. lonely; alone(正确答案)14、My sister gave me a _______ at my birthday party. [单选题] *A. parentB. peaceC. patientD. present(正确答案)15、We _______ play basketball after school. [单选题] *A. were used toB. used to(正确答案)C. use toD. are used to16、My father can?_______ a little English. [单选题] *A. speak(正确答案)B. sayC. talkD. tell17、Sam is going to have the party ______ Saturday evening. （）[单选题] *A. inB. on(正确答案)C. atD. to18、She serves as a secretary in a university. [单选题] *A. 为…服务B. 担任…职务(正确答案)C. 竞争…服务D. 申请…职务19、She was seen _____ that theatre just now. [单选题] *A. enteredB. enterC. to enter(正确答案)D. to be entering20、We often go to the zoo _______ Saturday mornings. [单选题] *A. atB. inC. on(正确答案)D. of21、—The weather in Shanghai is cool now, ______ it? —No, not exactly. （）[单选题] *A. doesn’tB. isC. isn’t(正确答案)D. does22、The green shorts are _______ sale for ＄[单选题] *A. forB. on(正确答案)C. atD. with23、If you get _______, you can have some bread on the table. [单选题] *A. happyB. hungry(正确答案)C. worriedD. sad24、This kind of work _______ skills and speed. [单选题] *A. looks forB. waits forC. calls for(正确答案)D. cares for25、--_______ does Ben go to school?--By bus. [单选题] *A. How(正确答案)B. WhatC. WhereD. Why26、Don’t _______. He is OK. [单选题] *A. worry(正确答案)B. worried aboutC. worry aboutD. worried27、His new appointment takes（）from the beginning of next month. [单选题] *A. placeB. effect(正确答案)C. postD. office28、The young man had decided to give up the chance of studying abroad, _____ surprised his parents a lot. [单选题] *A. whenB. whereC. which(正确答案)D. that29、（）, it would be much more sensible to do it later instead of finishing it now. [单选题] *A. FinallyB. MildlyC. Actually(正确答案)D. Successfully30、—It’s too noisy outside. I can’t fall asleep.—I can’t, either. We have to ______ new ways to solve the problem.（）[单选题] *A. come up with(正确答案)B. get on withC. make up withD. catch up with。

机械工程英语课后习题答案

第一课（第9页） 2.汉翻英1. 机械工业用于制造产品的材料，可以分为金属材料、聚合物、陶瓷和复合材料。

The materials used for manufacturing products can be divided into four categories: metallics, polymerics, ceramics and composites. 2. 金属可以分为有色金属和黑色金属。

Metallics can be classified into non-ferrous and ferrous metallics. 3.塑料可以分为热固性塑料和热塑性塑料。

Plastics cab be grouped into thermosets(thermosetting plastics) and thermoplastics.4. 复合材料可以由两种或两种以上性质不同的材料组合，保留各自的特点，得到单一材料无法比拟的、优越的综合性能。

A composite consists of two more kinds of different materials, with e ach material keeping its own property, to get the superior synthetical (combined) performance which is unparalled (unmatched) by that of the individual material.5. 当其所处的工作环境变化时，智能材料能改变其性能、颜色和形状等。

An intelligent material can change its property, color, shape and so on when its working environment changes.第二课（第17页） 2. 汉翻英1. 材料的特性可分为物理特性和化学特性两大类。

英语机械制造英语30题

英语机械制造英语30题1. In mechanical manufacturing, a "lathe" is used for _____.A. cuttingB. grindingC. turningD. drilling答案：C。

本题考查机械制造中“lathe”（车床）的用途。

选项A“cutting”（（切割）通常不是车床的主要功能；选项B“grinding”（（磨削）一般由磨床完成；选项C“turning”（车削）是车床的主要操作；选项D“drilling”（钻孔）通常由钻床进行。

2. The part of a machine that transmits power is called a _____.A. gearB. shaftC. bearingD. pulley答案：B。

在机械制造中，传递动力的部件被称为“shaft”（轴）。

选项A“gear”（（齿轮）主要用于改变转速和扭矩；选项C“bearing”（（轴承）用于支撑旋转部件；选项D“pulley”（滑轮）主要用于改变力的方向或传递动力，但不是直接传递动力的主要部件。

3. Which of the following tools is used for measuring dimensions accurately in mechanical manufacturing?A. RulerB. CaliperC. ProtractorD. Compass答案：B。

在机械制造中，精确测量尺寸的工具是“Caliper”（卡尺）。

选项A“Ruler”（（尺子）精度相对较低；选项C“Protractor”（（量角器）用于测量角度；选项D“Compass”（（圆规）主要用于绘制圆和圆弧。

4. The process of shaping a metal by applying pressure is called _____.A. castingB. forgingC. weldingD. milling答案：B。

机械制造专业英语课后标准答案(部分)

专业英语翻译一stressand strain（应力与应变）1the fundamental concepts 基本概念cross section 横截面 the internal stresses produced in the bar 杆的内应力 continuous distribution of hydrostatic pressure 流体静压力 the tensile load 拉伸载荷 a uniform distribution over the cross section 在横截面均匀分布arbitrary cross-sectional shape 任意截面形状tensile stresses 拉应力compressive stresses 压应力a normal stress 正应力through the centroid of the cross sectional area 通过横截面形心the uniform stress condition 压力均匀分布the stress distribution at the ends of the bar 杆末端应力分布 high localized stresses 高度应力集中an axially loaded bar 轴向载荷杆件a tensile strain 拉应变 an elongation or stretching of the material 材料拉伸 a compressive strain 压应变 the ratio of two lengths 两个长度的比值purely statical and geometrical considerations 从纯静态以及几何角度考虑1.That branch of scientific analysis which motions, times and forces is called mechanics and is made up of two parts, statics and dynamics. 研究位移、时间和力运动乘力是科学分析法的一个分支，被称作力学，力学由两大部分组成，静力学和动力学。

机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语第三版第二章课后答案

机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语第三版第二章课后答案1、Location is the first thing customers consider when_____to buy a house. [单选题] *A.planning(正确答案)B.plannedC.having plannedD.to plan2、It was _____the policeman came_____the parents knew what had happened to their son. [单选题] *A.before…asB. until…whenC. not until…that(正确答案)D.until…that3、A?pen _______ writing. [单选题] *A. is used toB. used toC. is used for(正确答案)D. used for4、It is reported（）three people were badly injured in the traffic accident. [单选题] *A. whichB. that(正确答案)C.whileD.what5、It _____ us a lot of time to do this job. [单选题] *A. spentB. madeC. took(正确答案)D. cost6、78．—Welcome to China. I hope you'll enjoy the ________.—Thank you. [单选题] * A．tour(正确答案)B．sizeC．nameD．colour7、As I know, his salary as a doctor is much higher_____. [单选题] *A. than that of a teacher(正确答案)B. than a teacherC. to that of a teacherD. to a teacher8、It’s raining outside. Take an _______ with you. [单选题] *A. cashB. life ringC. cameraD. umbrella(正确答案)9、In order to find the missing child, villagers _______ all they can over the past five hours. [单选题] *A. didB. doC. had doneD. have been doing(正确答案)10、He often comes to work early and he is _______ late for work. [单选题] *A. usuallyB. never(正确答案)C. oftenD. sometimes11、Do not _______ me to help you unless you work harder. [单选题] *A. expect(正确答案)B. hopeC. dependD. think12、She talks too much; you’ll be glad when you’re free of her. [单选题] *A. 与她自由交谈B. 离开她(正确答案)C. 受她的控制D. 与她在一起13、We have ______ homework today. （）[单选题] *A. too manyB. too much(正确答案)C. much tooD. very much14、( ) What she is worried __ is ____ her daughter is always addicted to chatting online./; that [单选题] *A /; thatB of thatC about that(正确答案)D about what15、The students in that university are not fewer than（）in our university. [单选题] *A. the oneB. thatC. themD. those(正确答案)16、Kate has a cat _______ Mimi. [单选题] *A. called(正确答案)B. callC. to callD. calling17、There was a time（）I wondered why I would like to do this boring job. [单选题] *A. whichB. whyC. whereD. when(正确答案)18、Do you know what（）the change in his attitude? [单选题] *A. got throughB. brought about(正确答案)C. turned intoD. resulted from19、_______ your parents at home last week? [单选题] *A. IsB. WasC. AreD. Were(正确答案)20、The early Americans wanted the King to respect their rights. [单选题] *A. 统治B. 满足C. 尊重(正确答案)D. 知道21、一Mary wants to invite you to see the movie today. 一I would rather she（B）me tomorrow. [单选题] *A.tellsB. told (正确答案)C. would tellD. had told22、We’re proud that China _______ stronger and stronger these years. [单选题] *A. will becomeB. becameC. is becoming(正确答案)D. was becoming23、The relationship between employers and employees has been studied（）. [单选题] *A. originallyB. extremelyC. violentlyD. intensively(正确答案)24、The young man had decided to give up the chance of studying abroad, _____ surprised his parents a lot. [单选题] *A. whenB. whereC. which(正确答案)D. that25、The children are playing wildly and making a lot of?_______. [单选题] *A. cryB. voicesC. noises(正确答案)D. music26、_____from far away, the 600-meter tower is stretching into the sky. [单选题] *A. SeeB. SeeingC. To seeD. Seen(正确答案)27、—What do you think of Animal World? —______. I watch it every day.（）[单选题] *A. I don’t mind it.B. I like it.(正确答案)C. I can’t stand it.D. I don’t like it.28、I hope to see you again _______. [单选题] *A. long long agoB. long beforeC. before long(正确答案)D. long29、Chinese is one of ____ most widely used languages in ____ world. [单选题] *A. a, theB. /, theC. the, the(正确答案)D. a, /30、In winter, animals have a hard time_____anything to eat. [单选题] *A.to findB.finding(正确答案)C.foundD.to finding。

机械制造专业英语--课后答案(部分)

专业英语翻译一（应力与应变）1 基本概念横截面杆的内应力流体静压力拉伸载荷a在横截面均匀分布任意截面形状拉应力压应力a 正应力通过横截面形心压力均匀分布杆末端应力分布高度应力集中轴向载荷杆件 a 拉应变材料拉伸 a 压应变两个长度的比值从纯静态以及几何角度考虑 1 , , . 研究位移、时间和力运动乘力是科学分析法的一个分支，被称作力学，力学由两大部分组成，静力学和动力学。

2 , a , , . 例如：如果止推轴承上的作用力过大的话，会挤出油膜，引起金属和金属之间的相互接触，轴承将过热而迅速失效。

3 , , , a . 力的直观概念包括力的作用点、大小、方向，这些被称为力的三要素。

4 . , , ., , . 所有的物体既可以是弹性的也可以是塑性的，如果受到力的作用就产生变形。

当变形很小的时候它们被假设成刚体，也就是不产生变形。

5 . . 刚体假设不能应用于内应力和内应变的分析，所以在实际力的分析时，要考虑物体的形变。

6 a , a a .如果作用在质点上所有的力是平衡的，质点将会保持静止或做做匀速直线运动。

21) 主要的表现能力2) （）最大单位载荷（应力） 3）应力—应变图 4）简单的拉伸试验 5）断裂伸长率 6）拉伸试样的两端 7）永久变形 8）由此产生的载荷位移曲线 9）a 大量产生的物质 10）屈服点 11) 从弹性到塑性的过度 12）材料属性表 13）塑性变形 14）a 指定的标准式样长度15）此刻的破裂 16）短圆柱标本 17）韧性材料 18）高应力集中 19）极限抗拉强度 20）应变硬化区 1)Aa a . . 拉伸试验包括慢慢加载拉伸载荷直到断裂，拉伸试件两端加粗为了提供装夹区域和避免试件断裂。

2） a , , a . 通常进行试验的方法就是使试件以恒定速度发生变形。

例如，在万能拉伸试验机上，固定端和移动的十字滑块之间的变形是以恒定速度进行的。

3） . FA . 随着实验的进行，用来产生位移的载荷是随位移的变化而变化。

机械制造高考试卷英语

Section I: Listening Comprehension (25 points)Part A: Short Conversations (10 points)In this part, you will hear ten short conversations. Each conversationis followed by a question. After each question, there is a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.1. A) The man has no idea about the machine’s specifications.B) The woman needs to know the exact specifications of the machine.C) The man is unable to provide the specifications due to the limited information.D) The specifications are not available at the moment.2. A) The machine is being used in a laboratory.B) The machine is designed for heavy-duty tasks.C) The machine is not suitable for precision work.D) The machine is widely used in various industries.3. A) The machine is made of high-quality materials.B) The machine is lightweight and portable.C) The machine is durable and easy to maintain.D) The machine is designed for high-speed operations.4. A) The machine requires regular maintenance.B) The machine is energy-efficient.C) The machine has a long lifespan.D) The machine is environmentally friendly.5. A) The machine is suitable for small-scale production.B) The machine is ideal for large-scale manufacturing.C) The machine is perfect for high-volume production.D) The machine is not suitable for mass production.6. A) The machine is safe to use.B) The machine is equipped with safety features.C) The machine requires special training to operate.D) The machine is not recommended for beginners.7. A) The machine is easy to assemble.B) The machine is designed for easy disassembly.C) The machine is compact and space-saving.D) The machine requires professional assembly.8. A) The machine is compatible with different types of materials.B) The machine is capable of handling various tasks.C) The machine is versatile and adaptable.D) The machine is limited to specific applications.9. A) The machine is produced in large quantities.B) The machine is a custom-made product.C) The machine is available in different configurations.D) The machine is a limited edition item.10. A) The machine is covered by a warranty.B) The machine requires additional accessories.C) The machine comes with a user manual.D) The machine is subject to a trial period.Part B: Long Conversations (15 points)In this part, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation is followed by five questions. After each question, there is a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Conversation 1: Interview with a Mechanical Engineer11. What is the main topic of the conversation?A) The challenges of mechanical engineering.B) The importance of innovation in mechanical manufacturing.C) The role of technology in modern mechanical manufacturing.D) The future of mechanical engineering.12. Why is the engineer excited about the new project?A) It is a significant breakthrough in the field of mechanical engineering.B) It offers a new opportunity to apply advanced technology.C) It is a collaboration with a prestigious company.D) It will help solve a long-standing problem in mechanical manufacturing.13. What are the potential challenges mentioned by the engineer?A) The complexity of the design.B) The high cost of production.C) The need for skilled labor.D) The environmental impact of the project.14. How does the engineer plan to address these challenges?A) By optimizing the design and using advanced materials.B) By hiring more skilled workers and reducing production costs.C) By implementing sustainable practices and minimizing waste.D) By collaborating with other experts in the field.15. What is the engineer’s ultimate goal for the project?A) To create a machine that can revolutionize the industry.B) To develop a more efficient and cost-effective manufacturing process.C) To create a product that can be easily mass-produced.D) To establish a new standard in mechanical engineering.Conversation 2: Presentation on Advanced Manufacturing Technologies16. What is the main focus of the presentation?A) The evolution of mechanical manufacturing over the years.B) The role of automation in modern mechanical manufacturing.C) The impact of new technologies on the manufacturing industry.D) The future of mechanical manufacturing in the context of global competition.17. According to the presenter, what is the most significant technological advancement in recent years?A) The development of 3D printing technology.B) The introduction of robotics in manufacturing processes.C) The use of artificial intelligence in design and simulation.D) The implementation of Industry 4.0 principles.18. How does the presenter explain the benefits of automation in manufacturing?A) It increases productivity and reduces the need for human labor.B) It improves product quality and consistency.C) It allows for greater flexibility and customization.D) It contributes to the reduction of manufacturing costs.19. What is the presenter’s opinion on the future of mechanical manufacturing?A) It will become more centralized and dependent on large corporations.B) It will experience a significant shift towards decentralization and localization.C) It will be dominated by advanced technologies and automation.D) It will remain largely unchanged in the coming decades.20. What is the presenter’s call to action for the audience?A) To embrace new technologies and adapt to the changing landscape of manufacturing.B) To invest in research and development to stay competitive.C) To promote sustainable practices and ethical manufacturing.D) To support local manufacturers and encourage innovation.。

机械专业英语课后习题答案

机械专业英语课后习题答案机械专业英语课后习题答案在机械专业的学习中，英语是一个必不可少的工具。

通过学习机械专业英语，我们可以更好地理解和应用机械工程领域的知识。

下面是一些机械专业英语课后习题的答案，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

1. 请解释以下术语的意思：a) CNC b) CAD c) CAMa) CNC：CNC是计算机数控的缩写，它是一种通过计算机控制机床进行加工的技术。

通过CNC技术，我们可以实现高精度、高效率的加工过程。

b) CAD：CAD是计算机辅助设计的缩写，它是一种利用计算机软件辅助进行产品设计和制图的技术。

通过CAD技术，我们可以快速、准确地设计出产品的三维模型。

c) CAM：CAM是计算机辅助制造的缩写，它是一种利用计算机软件辅助进行制造过程的技术。

通过CAM技术，我们可以自动化地生成加工程序，提高制造效率和质量。

2. 请解释以下术语的意思：a) torque b) horsepower c) efficiencya) torque：torque是力矩的意思，它是描述力在旋转物体上产生转动效果的物理量。

在机械工程中，我们经常使用力矩来描述机械系统的转动特性。

b) horsepower：horsepower是马力的意思，它是描述功率的单位。

在机械工程中，我们经常使用马力来衡量机械设备的功率大小。

c) efficiency：efficiency是效率的意思，它是描述能量转换或工作过程中能量利用率的物理量。

在机械工程中，我们经常使用效率来评估机械系统的能量转换效果。

3. 请解释以下术语的意思：a) stress b) strain c) modulus of elasticitya) stress：stress是应力的意思，它是描述物体受力后产生的内部力的物理量。

在机械工程中，我们经常使用应力来评估材料的强度和稳定性。

b) strain：strain是应变的意思，它是描述物体受力后产生的形变程度的物理量。