练习6级 六级阅读真题答案详细解析10篇
大学英语六级阅读理解练习及答案
大学英语六级阅读理解练习及答案一Can the Computer Learn from Experience计算机会总结经验吗Computers have been taught to play not only checkers, but also championship chess, which is a fairly accurate yardstick for measuring the computer’s progress in the ability to learn from experience.Because the game requires logical reasoning, chess would seem to be perfectly suited to the computer .all a programmer has to do is give the computer a program evaluating the consequences of every possible response to every possible move, and the computer will win every time. In theory this is a sensible approach; in practice it is impossible. Today, a powerful computer can analyze 40 000 moves a second. That is an impressive speed. But there are an astronomical number of possible moves in chess —literally trillions. Even if such a program were written (and in theory it could be ,given enough people and enough time), there is no computer capable of holding that much data.Therefore, if the computer is to compete at championship levels, it must be programmed to function with less than complete data. It must be able to learn from experience, to modify its own programm, to deal with a relatively unstructured situation—in a w ord, to “think”for itself . In fact, this can be done. Chess-playing computers have yet to defeat world champion chess players, but several have beaten human players of only slightly lower ranks. The computers have had programs to carry them through the early, mechanical stages of their chess games. But they have gone on from there to reason and learn,and sometimes to win the game.There are other proofs that computers can be programmed to learn, but this example is sufficient to demonstrate the point. Granted , winning a game of chess is not an earthshaking event even when a computer does it . But there are many serious human problems which ban be fruitfully approached as games. The Defense Department uses computers to play war games and work out strategies for dealing with international tensions. Other problems—international and interpersonal relations , ecology and economics , and the ever-increasing threat of world famine—can perhaps be solved by the joint efforts of human beings and truly intelligent computers .Notescheck:a game played on a checkerboard by two players ,each using 12 piecesecology:the relationship between organisms and their environment 生态关系，生态学Reading comprehensionThe purpose of creating chess-playing computers is __________A to win the world chess championB to pave the way for further intelligent computersC to work out strategies for international warsD to find an accurate yardstick for measuring computer progress2 Today , a chess-playing computer can be programmed to ________A give trillions of reponses in a second to each possible move and win the gameB function with complete data and beat the best playersC learn from chess-playing in the early stage and go on to win the gameD evaluate every possible move but may fail to give the right response each time3 For a computer to “think” , it is necessary to ________A mange to process as much data as possible in a secondB program it so that it can learn from its experiencesC prepare it for chess-playing firstD enable it to deal with unstructured situations4 The author’s attitude towards the Defense Department is____A criticalB unconcernedC positiveD negative5 In the author’s opinion,______A winning a chess game is an unimportant eventB serious human problems shouldn’t be regarded as playing a gameC ecological problems are more urgent to be solvedD there is hope for more intelligent computers1 b2 c3 b4 c5 d二You Call This a Good Economy这能称之为上佳经验You have to have lived in the 1950s and 1960s to haveexperienced a good economy. In the period between 1950 and 1970 it was the rule—rather than the exception —that an ordinary family, without higher education, could sustain itself decently on the income of a single breadwinner（养家糊口的人）. In 1955, when I was 19 and living in Brooklyn, N. Y., my father, who had a sixth-grade education, maintained our family of five on a wage of $82 a week as a bookbinder. My mother taught us fairness and compassion; my father, discipline and enterprise.The U. S. economy in those years was good. Then where did this good economy go? It was inflated away. The price of gold, which I take as proxy for the prices of all goods, was $35 an ounce in those years. It is at roughly ten times that price today.There is another answer, though: inflation caused the entire work force to be moved into higher tax groups, thus reducing after-tax purchasing power. That is, my father’s bindery job in1954 paid $82 a week, with $80 after deductions; today, at $ 820 per week the net would be $662.To ordinary people, the economy doesn’t look very good at all. After-tax incomes continue to decrease in purchasing power. The jobs offered in the employment ads pay only a little more than the minimum wage, maybe $5 an hour, which, after payroll deductions, yields $4 an hour. Compare that with minimum-wage jobs of the early 1950s, when 75 cents was worth today’s $7.50 before and after taxes.Notes1 Brooklyn: a district of New York city2 inflate:通货膨胀3 proxy: the authority to act for another4 payroll: a list of employees and the wages due to eachReading ComprehensionIn the author’s opinion, a good economy, to ordinary people can be expressed in terms of ______the amount of wageafter-tax incomethe actual purchasing powerthe minimum wage per hourIn the period between 1950 and 1970,_______there was not much difference in the living standards between people of higher and lower educationan ordinary family of five without exception could live on one person incomethe income of an ordinary family was more than enough for buying foodfor an average family the income was sufficient to support all the membersToday a bookbinder’s wage is ten times that of the 1950’s but its income tax rate has increased ______a.50 timesb.60timesc. 70 timesd. 80 times4 The worsening of a bookbinder’s livelihood results from _____a. his low education and the amount of wageb. the high-taxation and the income deductionsc. the high taxation and cost of livingd. thelow wage and higher prices5 The passage implies that while the cost of living is getting higher______a. the value of labor actually is shrinkingb. the minimum wage level is increasing likewisec. the income tax rate is rising alongd. the employment ads naturally offer a higher minimum wage6 The author’s tone in writing th e article is_____a. ironicalb. subjectivec. high-soundingd. convincing7 the article aims to _________.a. help control the rapidly increasing pricesb. give some advice to the policy-makersc.impress the younger generation with some basic factsd.call upon the societys attention against inflation1 c2 b3 d4 c5 a6 d7 c三Are Experts Always Right专家总是对的吗The world has become so complicated that we’ve lost confidence in our ability to understand and deal with it. But common sense is useful now as it ever was. No amount of expertise substitutes for an intimate knowledge of a person or a situation. At times you just have to trust your own judgement.It almost cost me my life to learn that. I was reading a bookone day, idly scratching the back of my head, when I noticed that, in one particular spot, the scratching echoed inside my head like fingernails on an empty cardboard carton, I rushed off to my doctor.“Got a hole in your head, have you?” he teased. “It’s nothing—just one of those little scalp ner ves sounding off.”Two years and four doctors later, I was still being told it was nothing. To the fifth doctor. I said, almost in desperation,”But I live in tis body. I know something’s different.”“If you won’t take my word for it,I’ll take an X-ray and prove it to you,” he said.Well, there it was, of course, the tumor that had made a hole as big as an eye socket in the back of my skull. After the operation, a young resident paused by my bed. ”It’s a good thing you’re so smart,” he said.” Most patient di e of these tumors because we don’t know they’re there until it is too late.”I’m really not so smart. And I’m too docile in the face of authority. I should have been more aggressive with those first four doctors. It’s hard to question opinions delivered wi th absolute certainty.Experts always sound so sure. Nevile Chamberlain, the British prime minister, was positive, just before the start of World War II, that there would be “peace for our time.” Producer Irving Thalberg did not hesitate to advise Louis B. Mayer against buying the rights to Gone With the Wind because “no Civil War picture ever made a nickel.” Even Abraham Lincoln surely believed it when he said in his Gettysburg Address:” The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here…”We should not, therefore, be intimidated by experts. When it’s an area we really know about—our bodies, our families, ourhouses—let’s listen to what the experts say, then make up our own minds.Notescardboard carton:a box or container made of a stiff pasteboard of paperscalp: the skin covering the headtumor:肿瘤eye socket: the opening or cavity in which the eye fitsdocile: easily managed or taughtreading comprehension“It” in “…deal with it”(para.1) refers to ______a. confidenceb. the worldc. abilityd. complication2. “Expertise” in para.1 means______a. common senseb. expert skill or knowledgec. unusual ability to appreciated. personal experience3. We have to trust our own judgement since ____a. not all of us have acquired reliable expertiseb. experts often lose their common sensec. experts may sometimes fail to give good adviced. intimate knowledge of a person is not to be substituted for by expertise4 “That” in “it almost cost me my life to learn that”(para.2) refers to______a. I can learn to trust my judgementb. I can acquire an intimate knowledge of myselfc. common sense is not as useful as knowedged. expertise may not be reliable5 While reading one day, the author______a. found a hole at the back of his headb. heard a scratching sound from a cartonc. noticed some echo from his head where he was scratchingd. noticed a sound coming out from his head6 “tease” in paragraph 3 means______a. to make fun ofb. to comfortc. to replyd. to disbelieve7 “if you won’t take my word for it”in para.5 may be paraphrased_____a. if you don’t think my word is worth anythingb. if you don’t listen to my advicec. if you don’t believe my judgementd. if you prefer actions to words8 “Skull” in para.6 most probably means____a. the bony framework of the headb. the surface skin of the headc. the nerve system inside the headd. the top part of the head9 The author didn’t think he was smart(para.7)because____a. he had already suffered for two yearsb. he had not been able to put up with the painc. he had believed too much in expertised. he had formed too strong an opinion of himself10 It happens that the examples given by the author_____a. all concern with warsb. are taken from modern American historyc. have become popular themes in moviesd. have American Civil War as the background11 In the last paragraph, the work ”intimidate” may mean_____a. deceiveb. frightenc. make timidd. encourage1 b2 b3 c4 d5 c6 a7 c8 a9 c 10 a 11 c四Just Call Me Mister1 On cold days people in Manhattan like to take their children to PlaySpace, an indoor playground full of wonderful climbing and sliding contraptions. There’s just one irritating detail: when you pay your money, the cashier pulls out a felt-trip marker and an adhesive lapel tag and asks you your name.“Frum,” I say.“No, your first name.”“What do you need my first name for?”“To write on the tag, so all the children and the staff will know what to call you.”“In that case, write ‘Mr. Frum.’”2 At which I am shot a look as if I had asked to be called to Duke of Plaza Toro.3 In encouraging five-year-olds to address grownups by their first names, PlaySpace is only slightly ahead of the times. As a journalist, I faithfully report that the custom of addressing strangers formally is as dead as the practice of leaving a visiting card.4 There’s hardly a secretary left who does not reply, when I give a message fro her boss, “I’ll tell him you called, David.” Or a public relations agent, whether in Bangor or Bangkok, who does not begin his telephonic spiel with a cheerful “Hello, David!”5 You don’t have to be a journalist to collect amazing first-name stories. Placea collect call, and the operator first-names you. The teenager behind the counter at a fast-food restaurant asks a 70-year-old customer for his first name before taking his order.6 Habitual first-names claim they are motivated by nothing worse than uncontrollably high-spirited friendliness. I don’t believe it. I f I asked the fast-food order-takers to lend me $50, their friendliness would vanish in a whoosh. The PR man drops all his cheerfulness the moment he hears I won’t go along with his story idea. No, it’s not friendliness that drives first-namers; it’s aggression. The PR agents who call me David uninvited would never, if they could somehow get him on the phone, address press baron Rupert Murdoch that way. The woman at the bank who called me David would never first-name the bank’s chairman. Like the mock-cheery staff at PlaySpace, they are engaged in a smiley-faced act of belittlement, anassertion of power disguised as good cheer.Notes1 contraptions:(informal)mechanical devices;gadgets2 felt-tip marker:软笔尖的颜色笔3 adhesive lapel tag:不干胶标牌4 Duke of Plaza Toro: Duke is a nobleman with the highest hereditary rank, especially in Britain. Plaza Tora is Spanish, something like “Bull Fighting Ring” in English5 Bangor:City of South central Maine6 Bangkok:Captical of Thailand,曼谷7 spiel(slang) a lengthy, usually extravagant, speech or argument intended to be persuasive8 collect call:a telephone call with payment to be made by the receiver9 press baron:Baron is the lowest male rank of nobility, but here it stands for a man with great power in press10 mock: simulated11 cheery:cheerfulReading comprehensionThe author apparently regrets____having to take his children to PlaySpacebeing first-namedbeing approached so frequently by PR agentshaving to put on an adhesive lapel tag“PR” in paragraph6 stands for____a. personal requestb. personal respectc. public relationsd. public review3 When the author, as a journalist, speaks on the phone___a. he is usually very formal and faithfulb. he does not know whether a grownup or a child is speaking at the other endc. he finds people address each other formallyd. he finds the secretary is often willing to pass a message4 He often finds secretaries _____a. irresponsible in answering phone callsb. trustworthy in passing messagesc. not only friendly but also carefuld. calling him David5 The author thinks that addressing a stranger by his first name is being____a. cheerfulb. friendlyc. disrespectfuld. light-hearted6 “As dead as” in paragraph 3 may be paraphrased as_____a. as firmly fixed asb. as useless asc. as out of fashion asd.as unmistakenly as7 Habitual first-namers’ claim amounts to saying____a. there’s nothing that can be worse than high-spirited friendlinessb. their attitude should be acceptablec. they are sometimes too high-spirited to control chemselvesd. one should control oneself while speaking to a stranger8 The so-called high-spirited friendliness(para. 6) is actually____a. cheerfulness in appearance but mockery in realityb. out and out insultc. a well-accepted skill in public relationsd. an act of outward warmth9 “In a whoosh” in paragraph 6 means______a. by all meansb. in the endc. in a secondd. in reality10 “I won’t go along with…” in paragraph 6 may be paraphrased asa. I won’t believe……b. I won’t go on listening…..c. I won’t agree with…. D. I won’t stick to…..1 b2 c3 c4 d5 c6 a7 b8 a9 c 10 b五The Dvelopment of Civilization1 The first two stages in the development of civilized man were probably the invention of primitive weapons and the discovery of fire, although no body knows exactly when he acquired the use of the latter2 The origin of language is also obscure. No doubt it began very gradually Animals have a few cries that serve as signals, buteven the highest apes have not been found able to pronounce words, even with the most intensive professional instruction. The superior brain of man is apparently a necessity for the mastering of speech. When man became suffiviently intelligent, we must suppose that he fradually increased the number of cries for different purposes. It was a great day when he discovered hat speech could be used for narrative. There are those who think in this respect picture language preceded oral language. A man could draw a picture on the wall of his cave to show in which direction he had gone, or what prey he hoped to catch. Probably picture language and oral language developed side by side. I am inclined to think that language has been the most important single factor in the developmentof man.3 Two important stages came not so long before the dawn of written history. The first was the domestication of animals; the second was agriculture. Agriculture was a step in human progress to which subsequently there was nothing comparable until our own machine age. Agriculture made possible an immense increase in the number of the human species in the regions where it could be successfully practiced. These were, at first, only those in which nature fertilized the soil after each harvest. Agriculture met with violent resistance from the pastoral nomads, but the agricultural way of life prevailed in the end because of the physical comforts it provided.4 Another fundamental technical advance was writing, which, like spoken language, developed out of pictures, but as soon as it had reached a certain stage, it was possible to keep records and transmit information to people who were not present when the information was given.5 These inventions and discoveries—fire, speech, weapons, domestic animals, agriculture, and writing—made the existence of civilized communities possible. From about 3000 B. C. until the beginning of the Industrial Revolution less than two hundred years ago there was no technical advance comparable to these. During this long period man had time to become accustomed to his technique, and to deveop the beliefs and political organizations appropriate to it There was, of course, an immense extension in the area of civilized life. At first it had been confined to the Nile, the Euphrates, the Tigris and the Indus, but at the end of the period in question it covered much the greater part of the inhabitable globe. I do not mean to suggest that there was no technical progress during this long time; there was progress—there were even two inventions of very great importance, namely gunpowder and the mariner’s compass—but neither of these can be compared in their power to such things as speech and writing and agriculture.Notes1 ape: any monkey2 narrative: a story or description of actual or fictional events; to narrate is to give an account or commentary3 prey: an animal hunted or caught for food4 pastoral: of or pertaining to shepherds, herdsmen, etc.5 nomad: one of a group of people who have no permanent home and move about from place to place6 the Nile: the longest river in the world flowing through East Africa,尼罗河7 the Tigris: river of Southwest Asia, joining the Euphrates in South Iraq8 the Euphrates: river of Southwest Asia,幼发拉底河9 the Indus: river of South Central Asia, rising from Southwest Tibet, flowing through Pakistan to the Arabian SeaReading Comprehensionwhich one of the following, according to the author, was first discovered or invented in human civilization?a. written languageb. oral languagec. fired. domestication2 The author does not state clearly but implies that in the development of man___a. human speech developed along with other human facultiesb. picture language and writtenlanguage developed side by sidec. oral language preceded the use of fired. the ape might be taught to master speech3 According to the passage picture language was found most useful when_____a. people didn’t want to use speech in communicationb. oral language was not fully developedc. people went hunting or traveling somewhered. people were inhabiting in caves4 It is the author’s view that in human civilization agriculture______.a. is the most important step man has ever madeb. is only less important than the domestication of animalsc. had long been practiced as stated in written historyd. can be ranked in importancewith the invention of machines5 In the 3rd paragraph,”… in the regions where it could be practiced…”, here, “it” refers to ________a. increaseb. numberc. agricultured. species6 The pastoral nomads would not have yielded to the agricultural way of life____a. if it had not been for the benefits brought about by agricultureb. unless agriculture could provide them with sufficient domesticated animalsc. if agriculture had taken up too large a number of their pasturesd. if they had not found setbacks in their pastoral way of life7 Written language in its initial stage was found more advantageous in that __a. it could communicate more accurately than the oral languageb. it had developed from picture languagec. information could be recorded and transmittedd. it was easier to learn than picture language8 The following conditions except one made it possible for civilized communities to exist. The exception is _________a. writingb. agriculturec. fired. caves9 The word ”it” in “… to develop the beliefs and political organizations appropriate to it.”(paragraph 5) stands for______a. techniqueb. timec. long periodd. Industrial Revolution10 The author means to say that human civilized life originated from____a. South Europeb. North Africac. East Asiad. river areas1 c2 a3 b4 d5 c6 a7 c8 d9 a 10 d。
英语六级阅读训练题及答案讲解
英语六级阅读训练题及答案讲解There is a certain inevitability that ebook saleshave now overtaken paperback sales on Amazon'sUS site. Amazon's Kindle 2 is so light and so cheapthat it's easy to see why people have rushedto buyit. Though I'm still not keen on the design of the Kindle, it is a vast improvement on itspredecessor and certainly tolerable. Beyond the device itself, Amazon has done a great jobofrolling out Kindle apps, ensuring that people like me-who have an iPad but not a Kindle-canstill join in the fun. Once you're into the Kindle ecosystem, Amazon locks you in tightly-just asAppledoes with its iTunes/ iPod ecosystem. It's so easy to buy from Amazon's store and thebooks are so cheap that it's not worth the effort of going elsewhere.While I remain opposed to Amazon's DRM 数字版权管理-indeed, I'm opposed to DRM onany ebooks-I have to admit that the implementation is so smooth that most Kindle userswon't care at all that theirebooks can't be moved to other devices.The ebook trend is nowhere near peaking. Over the next five years we can expect to seemore and more readers move away from printed books and pick up ebooks instead. But I don'tthink that willmean the death of the printed book.There are some who prefer printed books. They like having shelves filled with books they'veread and books they plan to read; they like the feel of the book in their hands and thedifferentweights and typefaces and layouts of different titles. In other words, they like the physical formof the book almost as much as the words it contains.I can sympathise with those people. As I wrote earlier this week, my ideal situation would befor publishers to bundle ebooks with printed ones-in much the same way that film studiosbtmdieDVDs with digital copies of films. There's no reason to think that lovers of printed bookswill change their minds. There will undoubtedly be fewer of them as time goes by because morepeoplewill grow up with ebooks and spend little time with printed ones. However, just as thereare people who love vinyl records黑胶唱片, even if theywere born well into the CD era, therewill still bea dedicated minority who love physical books.Since there are fewer of these people, that will mean fewer bookshops and higher prices forprinted books but I don't think the picture is entirely bleak. There is scope for smaller printrunsof lavishly designed printed books and bookshops aimed at book lovers, rather than theStieg Larsson-reading masses. With mainstream readers out ofthe printed book market, booklovers might evenfind they get a better experience.56. What can be inferred from Paragraph One?A.Most people buy Kindle 2 mainly because of its low price.B.The author of the passage is a loyal customer of Apple products.C.Amazon's Kindle 2 surpassed Kindle 1 in designing.D.The sales of ebook outnumbered those of paperback in the U. S.57. According to the passage, the reason why the author opposes toAmazon's DRM is that______A.ebooks can only be purchased on Amazon. comB.Kindle books are not compatible with other electronic reading devicesC.once implemented, ebooks can't be transferred to other equipmentsD.ebooks installed on Kindle 2 can't be edited freely58. It can be learned that the trend of ebooks______A.will come to stop any time soonB.will reach the summit in the near futureC.will meet its heyday when printed books dieD.has already reached its peak59. Why does the author believe that the surging sales of ebooks won't mean the death ofthe printed book?A.Because a minority will stick to their love of printed books.B.Because the majority of book lovers won't change their minds.C.Because people always hold nostalgic feelings towards printed books.D.Because people will return to the printed books as time goes by.60. According to the author, which of the following is TRUE about the future of printedbooks?A.They will be bundled with ebooks.B.They will no longer be available in the market.C.They will be sold in small quantity and high quality.D.They will be redesigned to cater to the masses.56.C。
6月英语六级考试阅读习题及解析
6月英语六级考试阅读习题及解析2017年6月英语六级考试阅读习题及解析One thing I know,that is I know nothing.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年6月英语六级考试阅读习题及解析，希望能给大家带来帮助!Paper--More than Meets the EyeA) We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are many varieties and grades of paper materials, and whilst it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades.B) It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst the corn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card.C) Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose-based material which will include many woods, cottons and grasses or which papyrus is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the preponderance of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or rags, with the bulk being wood-based.Paper from WoodD) In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful machinery and then boiled with strong alkalies such as caustic soda, until a fine pulp of cellulose fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell, is the essence of papermaking from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will add bleach and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals.E) A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose. Something called lignin. This is essential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibres together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look rather brown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paper back books will have a life of not greater than fifty years. Not what we need for our archives.F) Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left in the paper?" The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications.G) It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going to be more expensive, but that is nevertheless what the archivist must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever in carefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to hasten their demise. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and is some cases simply vanish!H) So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card fromone that is unsuitable? You cannot do it by simply looking, and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years before it starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously.I) Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such as bleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will guarantee the material that they sell. If you want to be absolutely sure that you are storing in, or printing on, the correct material then this is probably the only way.J) Incidentally, acids can migrate from material to material. Lining old shoe boxes with good quality acid-free paper will do little to guard the contents. The acid will get there in the end.Paper from RagK) Paper is also commonly made from cotton and rag waste. This has the advantage of being lignin-free, but because there is much less cotton and rag than trees, it also tends to be much more expensive than wood pulp paper. You will still need to purchase from a reliable source though, since even rag paper and card can contain undesirable additives.L) A reliable source for quality rag papers is a recognized art stockiest. Many water color artists insist on using only fine quality rag paper and board.M) The main lesson to learn from this information is that you cannot rely on purchasing archival materials from the high street. The only safe solution is to purchase from specialist suppliers. It may cost rather more, but in the end you will know that yourimportant and valuable data and images have the best home possible.1. The corn-flake packet is cheaper than high grade card.2. There are a lot of materials which can be used for making paper, but the superiority ones are soft wood, cotton and rags.3. During the whole manufacturing process, the final product is made from a pulp of cellulose fibres.4. In order to make white paper and card, the makers will add bleach.5. Liguin is essential for the tree but it will make paper easy to break.6. Many paper producers will preserve lignin during manufacture, because leaving the lignin will make more paper from a tree.7. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials.8. If the lignin is removed from the paper, the paper will be more expensive.9. Although free of lignin, paper made from cotton and rag waste can also cost more money than wood pulp paper because there is much less cotton and rag than trees.10. What we can learn from "Paper from Rag" is that you had better buy archival materials from specialist suppliers.。
英语六级阅读理解练习试题附答案.doc
英语六级阅读理解练习试题附答案英语六级阅读理解练习原文：What does the future hold for the problem of housing? A good deal depends, of course, on the meaning of “future”. If one is thinking in terms of science fiction and the space age, it is at least possible to assume that man will have solved such trivial and earthly problems as housing. Writers of science fiction, from H.G. Wells onwards, have had little to say on the subject. They have conveyed the suggestion that men will live in great comfort, with every conceivable apparatus to make life smooth, healthy and easy, if not happy. But they have not said what his house will be made of. Perhaps some new building material, as yet unimagined, will have been discovered or invented at least. One may be certain that bricks and mortar(泥灰，灰浆) will long have gone out of fashion.But the problems of the next generation or two can more readily be imagined. Scientists have already pointed out that unless something is done either to restrict the worlds rapid growth in population or to discover and develop new sources of food (or both), millions of people will be dying of starvation or at the best suffering from underfeeding before this century is out. But nobody has yet worked out any plan for housing these growing populations. Admittedly the worst situations will occur in the hottest parts of the world, where housing can be light structure or in backward areas where standards are traditionally low. Buteven the minimum shelter requires materials of some kind and in the teeming, bulging towns the low-standard “housing” of flattened petrol cans and dirty canvas is far more wasteful of ground space than can be tolerated.Since the war, Hong Kong has suffered the kind of crisis which is likely to arise in many other places during the next generation. Literally millions of refugees arrived to swell the already growing population and emergency steps had to be taken rapidly to preventsqualor(肮脏)and disease and the spread crime. The city is tackling the situation energetically and enormous blocks of tenements(贫民住宅)are rising at an astonishing aped. But Hong Kong is only one small part of what will certainly become a vast problem and not merely a housing problem, because when population grows at this rate there are accompanying problems of education, transport, hospital services, drainage, water supply and so on. Not every area may give the same resources as Hong Kong to draw upon and the search for quicker and cheaper methods of construction must never cease.英语六级阅读理解练习题目：1. What is the authors opinion of housing problems in the first paragraph?A. They may be completely solved at sometime in the future.B. They are unimportant and easily dealt with.C. They will not be solved until a new building material has been discovered.D. They have been dealt with in specific detail in books describing the future.2. The writer is sure that in the distant future ____.A. bricks and mortar will be replaced by some other building material.B. a new building material will have been invented.C. bricks and mortar will not be used by people who want their house to be fashionable.D. a new way of using bricks and mortar will have been discovered.3. The writer believes that the biggest problem likely to confront the world before the end of the century ___.A. is difficult to foresee.B. will be how to feed the ever growing population.C. will be how to provide enough houses in the hottest parts of the world.D. is the question of finding enough ground space.4. When the writer says that the worst situations will occur in the hottest parts of the world or in backward areas, he is referring to the fact that in these parts ___.A. standards of building are low.B. only minimum shelter will be possible.C. there is not enough ground space.D. the population growth will be the greatest.5. Which of the following sentences best summarizes Paragraph 3?A. Hong Kong has faced a serious crisis caused by millions of refugees.B. Hong Kong has successfully dealt with the emergency caused by millions of refugees.C. Hong Kongs crisis was not only a matter of housing but included a number of other problems of population growth.D. Many parts of the world may have to face the kind of problems encountered by Hong Kong and may find it much harder to deal with them. 英语六级阅读理解练习答案：AABDD。
英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案(10).doc
2019年英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案（10）Its no secret that many children would be healthier and happier with adoptive parents than with the parents that nature dealt them. Thats especially true of children who remain in abusive homes because the law blindly favors biological parents. Its also true of children who suffer for years in foster homes (收养孩子的家庭) because of parents who cant or wont care for them but refuse to give up custody (监护)rights.Fourteen-year-old Kimberly Mays fits neither description, but her recent court victory could eventually help children who do. Kimberly has been the object of an angry custody baffle between the man who raised herand her biological parents, with whom she has never lived. A Florida judge ruled that the teenager can remain with the only father shes ever known and that her biological parents have no legal claim on her.The ruling, though it may yet be reversed, sets aside the principle that biology is the primary determinant of parentage. Thats an important development, one thats long overdue.Shortly after birth in December 1978, Kimberly Mays and another infant were mistakenly switched and sent home with the wrong parents. Kimberlys biological parents, Ernest and Regina Twigg, received a child who died of a heart disease in 1988. Medical tests showed that the child wasnt the Twiggs own daughter, but Kimtonly was, thus sparking a custody battle with Robert Mays. In 1989, the two families agreed that Mr.Mays would maintain custody with the Twiggs getting visiting fights. Those rights were ended when Mr. Mays decided that Kimberly was being harmed.The decision to leave Kimberly with Mr. Mays rendered her suit debated. But the judge made clear that Kimberly did have standing to sue ( 起诉) on her own behalf. Thus he made clear that she was more than just property to be handled as adults saw fit.Certainly, the biological link between parent and child is fundamental. But biological parents arent always preferable to adoptive ones, and biological parentage does not convey an absolute ownership that cancels all the rights of children.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1. What was the primary consideration in the Florida judges ruling?A. The biological link.B. The childs benefits.C.The traditional practice.D. The parents feelings.2. We can learn from the Kimberly case thatA. children are more than just personal possessions of theirparentsB. the biological link between parent and child should be emphasizedC. foster homes bring children more pain and suffering than careD. biological parents shouldnt claim custody rights after their child is adopted3. The Twiggs claimed custody rights to Kimberly becauseA. they found her unhappy in Mr. Mays custodyB. they regarded her as their propertyC. they were her biological parentsD. they felt guilty about their past mistake4. Kimberly had been given to Mr. MaysA. by sheer accidentB. out of charityC. at his requestD. for better care5. The authors attitude towards the judges ruling could be described asA. doubtfulB. CriticalC. cautiousD. supportive参考答案及解析1.[B] 推理判断题。
英语六级阅读试题精选(附答案解析)
英语六级阅读试题精选（附答案解析）Directions: There are 4 passages in this Part. Each passage is followed by some questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneIn the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia, one scene shows an American newspaper reporter eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged train. One of the looters, Chief Auda abu Tayi of the Howeitat clan, suddenly notices the camera and snatches it. Am I in this? he asks, before smashing it open. To the dismayed reporter, Lawrence explains, He thinks these things will steal his virtue. He thinks you're a kind of thief.As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands, stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic. The ignorant natives may have had a point. When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts. But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back. Up into the 1950s and 1960s, many ethnographers sought pure pictures of primitive cultures, routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress. They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties, often with little regard for veracity. Edward Curtis, the legendary photographer of North American Indians, for example, got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915--even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation.These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated, primitive, and unchanging. For instance, National Geographic magazine's photographs have taught millions of Americans about other cultures. As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic, the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don't challengewhite, middle-class American conventions. While dark-skinned women can be shown without tops, for example, white women's breasts are taboo. Photos that could unsettle or disturb, such as areas of the world torn asunder by war or famine, are discarded in favor of those that reassure, to conform with the society's stated pledge to present only kindly visions of foreign societies. The result, Lutz and Collins say, is the depiction of an idealized and exotic world relatively free of pain or class conflict.Lutz actually likes National Geographic a lot. She read the magazine as a child, and its lush imagery influenced her eventual choice of anthropology as a career. She just thinks that as people look at the photographs of other cultures, they should be alert to the choice of composition and images.1. The main idea of the passage is ______________.[A] Photographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners’ perception of the indigenous cultures and the Western values.[B] There is a complicated relationship between the Western explorers and the primitive peoples.[C] Popular magazines such as National Geographic should show pictures of the exotic and idealized worlds to maintain high sales.[D] Anthropologists ask the natives to pose for their pictures, compromising the truthfulness of their pictures.2. We can infer from the passage that early travelers to the native lands often _________.[A] took pictures with the natives[B] gave exaggerated accounts of the native lands[C] ask for pictures from the natives[D] gave the natives clocks and Western dresses3. The author mentions the movie Lawrence of Arabia to ___________.[A] show how people in the indigenous societies are portrayed by Westerners.[B] illustrate how people from primitive societies see cameras as tools of black magic that steal their virtues.[C] show how anthropologists portray untruthful pictures of native people.[D] show the cruel and barbarian side of the native people.4. “But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back.” In this sentence, the “one [culture] that stares back” refers to _______.[A] the indigenous culture[B] the Western culture[C] the academic culture[D] the news business culture5. With which of the following statements would Catherine Lutz most probably agree?[A] Reporters from the Western societies should routinely delete modern elements in pictures taken of the indigenous societies.[B] The primitive cultures are inferior to the more advanced Western culture.[C] The western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the faraway societies.[D] People in the Western news business should try not to challenge the well-established white middle-class values.答案与解析1. 答案是[A] Photographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners’perception of the indigenous cultures and the Western values.解析：本文的主题是，西方的媒体，为了迎合西方读者猎奇的心理，同时，为了不与西方读者的中产阶级价值观发生冲突，在他们拍摄的照片中，并不是真正客观公正地反映经济发展水平较为落后的社会中人们的生活。
练习：6级-六级阅读真题+答案+详细解析10篇
2012年6月六级考试详细阅读理解第2题[D] The goals most people set are unrealistic.2.What does Maurice Schweitzer want to show by citing the example of Enron?[A] Setting realistic goals can turn a failing business into success.4.考霸解析：正确答案为[C] 。
事实细节题。
定位句表明，Schweitzer的研究团队利用新闻报道作为证据来证明他的上，故答案为A 。
2011年12月六级考试详细阅读理解第3题A recurring criticism of the UK's university sector is its perceived weakness in translating new knowledge into new products concentrated: less than 25% of universities receive 75% of the research funding. These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and licence income. The effect of policies generating long-term resource concentration has also created a distinctive set of universities which are research-led and commercially active. It seems clear that the concentration of research and commercialisation work creates differences between universities.The core objective for universities which are research-led must be to maximise the impact of their research efforts. These universities should be generating the widest range of social, economic and environmental benefits. In return for the scale of investment, they should share their expertise in order to build greater confidence in the sector.Part of the economic recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialisation spilling out of4. What does the author suggest research-led universities do?[A] Publicise their research to win international recognition.[B] Fully utilise their research to benefit all sectors of society.[C] Generously share their facilities with those short of funds.的，不到25%的大学获得了75%的研究基金；第五段末句总结：很明显，在科研和商业化操作上的集中导致了大学好地发挥作用",也就是技术转让和研究生教育这两个方面。
2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案_10
2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance (异乎寻常地). In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past—and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together anilluminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planet’s environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years. Most importantly, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates (灵长目动物) some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it. The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign (宜人的) global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years—during which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appeared—is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern ofclimate change in the past reveals that Earth’s climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the future —even without the influence of human activity.21. Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged ________.A) to give up his former way of lifeB) to leave the coastal areasC) to follow the ever-shifting vegetationD) to abandon his original settlement（A）22. Earth scientists have come to understand that climate ________.A) is going through a fundamental changeB) has been getting warmer for 10,000 yearsC) will eventually change from hot to coldD) has gone through periodical changes（D）23. Scientists believe that human evolution ________.A) has seldom been accompanied by climatic changesB) has exerted little influence on climatic changesC) has largely been effected by climatic changesD) has had a major impact on climatic changes（C）24. Evidence of past climatic changes indicates that ________.A) human activities have accelerated changes of Earth’senvironmentB) Earth’s environment will remain mild despite human interferenceC) Earth’s climate is bound to change significantly in the futureD) Earth’s climate is unlikely to undergo substantial changes in the future（C）25. The message the author wishes to convey in the passage is that ________.A) human civilization remains glorious though it is affected by climatic changesB) mankind is virtually helpless in the face of the dramatic changes of climateC) man has to limit his activities to slow down the global warming processD) human civilization will continue to develop in spite of the changes of natureQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Now woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess (公爵夫人) of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed assuch a virtue.The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the better—or worse—part of my life. Being rich wouldn’t be bad either, but that won’t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating, and excessive eating is one of Christianity’s seven deadly sins. However, until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.Today the opposite is true. We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat—or even only somewhat overweight—is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength.Our obsession (迷恋) with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have moreoverweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem—too much fat and a lack of fiber—than a weight problem.The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get (or already are) thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vainglory (虚荣).26. In the eyes of the author, an odd phenomenon nowadays is that ________.A) the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtueB) looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortuneC) being thin is viewed as a much desired qualityD) religious people are not necessarily virtuous（C）27. Swept by the prevailing trend, the author ________.A) had to go on a diet for the greater part of her lifeB) could still prevent herself from going off the trackC) had to seek help from rich distant relativesD) had to wear highly fashionable clothes（A）28. In human history, people’s views on body weight ________.A) were closely related to their religious beliefsB) changed from time to timeC) varied between the poor and the richD) led to different moral standards（B）29. The author criticizes women’s obsession with thinness ________.A) from an economic and educational perspectiveB) from sociological and medical points of viewC) from a historical and religious standpointD) in the light of moral principles（B）30. What’s the author’s advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness?A) They should be more concerned with their overall lifestyle.B) They should be more watchful for fatal diseases.C) They should gain weight to look healthy.D) They should rid themselves of fantasies about designerclothes.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.War may be a natural expression of biological instincts and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality (守卫地盘的天性) are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate (天生的) survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existences of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function. It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical (道德上的) patterns within which human violence has been directed. The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence isrevenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. In a state controlled legal system, individuals are removed from the cycle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the state assumes responsibility for their protection.The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms its supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combating to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. Times of war test a community’s deepest religious and ethical commitments.31. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that ________.A) it threatens the existing social systemsB) it is influenced by societyC) it has roots in religious conflictsD) it is directed against institutions of law（B）32. The function of legal systems, according to the passage, is ________.A) to control violence within a societyB) to protect the world from chaosC) to free society from the idea of revengeD) to give the government absolute power（A）33. What does the author mean by saying “... in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused” (Lines 4-5, Para. 2)?A) Legal systems greatly reduce the possibilities of physical violence.B) Offenses against individuals are no longer judged on a personal basis.C) Victims of violence find it more difficult to take revenge.D) Punishment is not carried out directly by the individuals involved.（D）34. The word “allegiance” (Line 4, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to ________.A) loyaltyB) objectiveC) survivalD) motive（A）35. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A) Governments tend to abuse their supreme power in times of war.B) In times of war governments may extend their power across national borders.C) In times of war governments impose high religious and ethical standards on their people.D) Governments may sacrifice individuals in the interests of the state in times of war.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. Researchers who are unfamiliar with the cultural and ethnic groups they are studying must take extra precautions to shed any biases they bring with them from their own culture. For example, they must make sure they construct measures that are meaningful for each of the cultural or ethnic minority groups being studied.In conducting research on cultural and ethnic minority issues,investigators distinguish between the emic approach and the etic approach. In the emic approach, the goal is to describe behavior in one culture or ethnic group in terms that are meaningful and important to the people in that culture or ethnic group, without regard to other cultures or ethnic groups. In the etic approach, the goal is to describe behavior so that generalizations can be made across cultures. If researchers construct a questionnaire in anemic fashion, the concern is only that the questions are meaningful to the particular culture or ethnic group being studied. If, however, the researchers construct a questionnaire in an etic fashion, they want to include questions that reflect concepts familiar to all cultures involved.How might the emic and etic approaches be reflected in the study of family processes? In the emic approach, the researchers might choose to focus only on middle-class White families, without regard for whether the information obtained in the study can be generalized or is appropriate for ethnic minority groups. In a subsequent study, the researchers may decide to adopt an etic approach by studying not only middle-class White families, but also lower-income White families, Black American families, Spanish American families, and Asian Americanfamilies. In studying ethnic minority families, the researchers would likely discover that the extended family is more frequently a support system in ethnic minority families than in White American families. If so, the emic approach would reveal a different pattern of family interaction than would the etic approach, documenting that research with middle-class White families cannot always be generalized to all ethnic groups.36. According to the first paragraph, researchers unfamiliar with the target cultures are inclined to ________.A) be overcautious in constructing meaningful measuresB) view them from their own cultural perspectiveC) guard against interference from their own cultureD) accept readily what is alien to their own culture（B）37. What does the author say about the emic approach and the etic approach?A) They have different research focuses in the study of ethnic issues.B) The former is biased while the latter is objective.C) The former concentrates on the study of culture while the latter on family issues.D) They are both heavily dependent on questionnaires inconducting surveys.（A）38. Compared with the etic approach, the emic approach is apparently more ________.A) culturally interactiveB) culturally biasedC) culture-orientedD) culture-specific（D）39. The etic approach is concerned with ________.A) the general characteristics of minority familiesB) culture-related concepts of individual ethnic groupsC) features shared by various cultures or ethnic groupsD) the economic conditions of different types of families（C）40. Which of the following is true of the ethnic minority families in the ________ U.S. according to the passage?A) Their cultural patterns are usually more adaptable.B) Their cultural concepts are difficult to comprehend.C) They don’t interact with each other so much as White families.D) They have closer family ties than White families.21. A 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. B26. C 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. A31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. D36. B 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. D。
英语六级阅读练习及答案解析
英语六级阅读练习及答案解析英语六级阅读练习及答案解析英语六级阅读在考试中占有分数的比例很大，拿下阅读基本上英语六级考试就成功了一半。
下面是yjbys网店铺提供给大家关于英语六级阅读练习及答案解析，希望对同学们的备考有所帮助。
Guy Fawkes NightWhen November 5 th comes, many people feel thatthey should give their dog a sedative, for somedogs get very nervous when they hear loud bangs,and the evening of Guy Fawkes Day is sure to benoisy if there are children living in your neighborhoodin England.November 5 th is a day on which, traditionally,children are allowed, under proper supervision, to let off fireworks, to make a bonfire and burnon it the figure of a ragged dummy ( a‘guy2 ’) made of old clothes, straw, and — if possible —one of father’s oldest hats. Even the smaller children are allowed to stay up until it is really dark,so that they can admire the rockets that burst in the sky and send down a shower of many-colored sparks.The origin of this custom lies in the Gunpowder Plot of 1605 . In that year King James I3 wason the throne . Harsh measures had been taken against members of the Roman Catholic faithand certain Catholics plotted to blow up the Houses of Parliament4 on November 5th , whenthe King was to open Parliament and when, of course , all the Members would be present. Theplotters had hired premises adjoining the House of Lords, and had been able to obtain accessto a vault beneath the House. There, they had stored thirty-six barrels of gunpowder. Thesewere to be blown up, when the time came , by a very brave, cool-headed man, Guy Fawkes.Unfortunately, according to the traditionalaccount, the plot was discovered when one of theplotters wrote to warn a relation. On November 4 th the vaults were searched , and Guy Fawkeswas found and arrested. It is said that he had been warned that the plot had been discovered,but he gallantly persisted in his purpose, hoping against hope 5 that he might be favored bychance and be able to rid his country of6 men whom he considered evil. He was condemned tobe hanged, along with others of his fellow conspirators. He met his death with great fortitude .It is the failure of this man, who was staunch in his faith though perhaps misguided in actions,that is perpetuated by the children’s fireworks of November 5 th . It is a poor tribute toFawkes’s courage that his Christian name7, Guy, was long used in English to denote a personwho is a figure of fun chiefly because of his odd dress.阅读自测Ⅰ. Fill in each blank according to the article :1. Children are allowed, under proper supervision, to _________( 燃放) fireworks, to make a_________( 篝火) and burn on it the figure of a _________( 衣衫褴褛的') dummy.2. Certain Catholics _________( 密谋, 策划) to ( 炸毁) the Houses of Parliament on November 5th .3. He was_________ ( 判刑) to be_________ ( 绞死) , along with others of his fellow_________( 阴谋者) .4. He met his death with great_________ ( 刚毅, 坚忍) .5. It is the failure of this man, who was ( 坚定的) in his faith though perhaps misguided inactions, that is _________( 使不朽) by the children’s fireworks of November 5 th.Ⅱ. Choose the item wh ich best explains the meaning of the underlined word :1. They’ve long been plotting to kill him.A. 构思情节B. 密谋C. 标出……的位置2. The newly built apartment house blocks our view.A. 视野B. 观点C. 视图3. They condemned him for his treacherous behavior.A. 判刑B. 谴责C. 迫使( 某人) 陷于不幸的境地参考答案：Ⅰ. 1. let off / bonfire / ragged 2. plotted / blow up 3.condemned / hanged / conspirators 4. fortitude 5.staunch / perpetuatedⅡ. 1. B 2. A 3 . B【英语六级阅读练习及答案解析】。
大学英语六级阅读理解考试真题训练附答案
大学英语六级阅读理解考试真题训练附答案大学英语六级阅读理解考试真题训练附答案A bad workman quarrels with his tools.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语六级阅读理解考试真题训练附答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Most people would probably agree that many individual consumer adverts function on the level of the daydream. By picturing quite unusually happy and glamorous people whose success in either career of sexual terms, or both, is obvious, adverts construct an imaginary world in which the reader is able to make come true those desires which remain unsatisfied in his or her everyday life.An advert for a science fiction magazine is unusually explicit about this. In addition to the primary use value of the magazine, the reader is promised access to a wonderful universe through the product—access to other mysterious and tantalizing worlds and epochs, the realms of the imagination. When studying advertising, it is therefore unreasonable to expect readers to decipher adverts as factual statements about reality. Most adverts are just too meagre in informative content and too rich in emotional suggestive detail to be read literally. If people read then literally, they would soon be forced to realize their error when the glamorous promises held out by the adverts didn’t materialize.The average consumer is not surprised that his purchase of the commodity does not redeem the promise of the advertisement, for this is what he is used to in life: the individual’s pursuit of happiness and success is usually in vain. But the fantasy is his to keep; in his dream world he enjoys a“future endlessly deferred”.The Estivalia advert is quite explicit about the fact that advertising shows us not reality, but a fantasy; it does so by openly admitting the daydream but in a way that insists on the existence of a bridge linking daydream to reality—Estivalia, which is “for daydream believers”, those who refuse to give up trying to make the hazy ideal of natural beauty and harmony come true.If adverts function on the daydream level, it clearly becomes in adequate to merely condemn advertising for channeling readers’ attention and desires towards an unrealistic, paradisiacal nowhere land. Advertising certainly does that, but in order for people to find it relevant, the utopia visualized in adverts must be linked to our surrounding reality by a casual connection1.The people in adverts are in most coves ___.A.happy and glamorousB.successfulC.obviousD.both A and B2.When the glamorous promises held out by the adverts didn’t materialize the average consu mer is not surprised, because ___.A.The consumer is used to the fact that the individual’s pursuit of happiness and success is usually in vain.B.Adverts are factual statements about reality.C.The consumer can come into the realms of imagination pictured by adverts.D.Adverts can make the consumer’s dreams come true.3.What’s the bridge linking daydream to reality in adverts?A.The product.B.Estivalia.C.Pictures.D.Happy and glamorous people.4.Why does the consumer accept the daydream in adverts?A.Because the consumer enjoys a “future endlessly deferred.”B.Because the consumer gives up trying to make his dream come true.C.Because the utopia is visualized in adverts.D.Because his purchased of the commodity does not redeem the promise of the advertisement.5.What is this passage mainly concerned with?A.Many adverts can be read literally.B.Everyone has a daydream.C.Many adverts function on the level of the daydream.D.Many adverts are deceitful because they can not make good their promises.答案：DABAC。
英语六级阅读理解练习题和参考答案
英语六级阅读理解练习题和参考答案下面是店铺整理的英语六级阅读理解练习题和参考答案，希望对大家有帮助。
英语六级阅读理解练习题和参考答案：Art is considered by many people to be little more than a decorative means of giving pleasure. This is not always the case, however; at times, art may be seen to have a purely functional side as well. Such could be said of the sandpaintings of the Navaho Indians of the American Southwest; these have a medicinal as well as an artistic purpose.According to Navaho traditions, one who suffers from either a mental or a physical illness has in come way disturbed or come in contact with the supernatural—perhaps a certain animal, a ghost, or the dead. To counteract this evil contact, the ill person or one of his relatives will employ a medicine man called a “singer” to perform a healing ceremony which will attract a powerful supernatural being.During the ceremony, which may last from 2 to 9 days, the “singer” will produce a sandpainting on the floor of the Navaho hogan. On the last day of the ceremony, the patient will sit on this sandpainting and the “singer” will rub the ailing parts of the patient’s body with sand from a specific figure in the sandpainting. In this way the patient absorbs the power of that particular supernatural being and becomes strong like it. After the ceremony, the sandpainting is then destroyed and disposed of so its power will not harm anyone.The art of sandpainting is handed down from old “singer” to their students. The material used are easily found in the areas the Navaho inhabit; brown, red, yellow, and white sandstone,which is pulverized by being crushed between 2 stones much as corns is ground into flour. The “singer” holds a small amount of this sand in his hand and lets it flow between his thumb and fore-finger onto a clean, flat surface on the floor. With a steady hand and great patience, he is thus able to create designs of stylized people, snakes and other creatures that have power in the Navaho belief system. The traditional Navaho does not allow reproduction of sandpaintings, since he believes the supernatural powers that taught him the craft have forbidden this; however, such reproductions can in fact be purchased today in tourist shops in Arizona and New Mexico. These are done by either Navaho Indians or by other people who wish to preserve this craft.1.The purpose of the passage is to ___.A.discuss the medical uses of sandpaintings in medieval Europe.B.study the ways Navaho Indians handed down their painting art.C.consider how Navaho “singer” treat their ailments with sandpaintings.D.tell how Navaho Indians apply sandpainting for medical purposes.2.The purpose of a healing ceremony lies in ___.A.pleasing the ghostsB.attracting supernatural powersC.attracting the ghostsD.creating a sandpainting3.The “singer” rubs sand on the patient because ___.A.the patient receives strength from the sandB.it has pharmaceutical valueC.it decorates the patientD.none of the above4.What is used to produce a sandpainting?A.PaintB.Beach sandC.Crushed sandstoneD.Flour5.Which of the following titles will be best suit the passage?A.A New Direction for Medical ResearchB.The Navaho Indians’ SandpaintingC.The Process of Sandpainting CreationD.The Navaho Indians’ Medical History答案：DBACB英语六级阅读理解练习题和参考答案：You stare at waterfall for a minute or two, and then shift your gaze to its surroundings. What you now see appears to drift upward.These optical illusions occur because the brain is constantly matching its model of reality to signals from the body’s sensors and interpreting what must be happening—that your brain must have moved, not the other; that downward motions is now normal, so a change from it must now be perceived as upward motion.The sensors that make this magic are of two kinds. Each eye contains about 120 million rods, which provide somewhat blurry black and white vision. These are the windows of night vision;once adapted to the dark, they can detect a candle burning ten miles away.Color vision in each eye comes from six to seven million structures called cones. Under ideal conditions, every cone can “see” the entire rainbow spectrum of visible colors, but one type of cone is most sensitive to red, another to green, a third to blue.Rods and cones send their messages pulsing an average 20 to 25 times per second along the optic nerve. We see an image for a fraction of a second longer than it actually appears. In movies, reels of still photographs are projected onto screens at 24 frames per second, tricking our eyes into seeing a continuous moving picture.Like apparent motion, color vision is also subject to unusual effects. When day gives way to night, twilight brings what the poet T.S. Eliot called “the violet hour.” A light levels fall, the rods become progressively less responsive. Rods are most sensitive to the shorter wavelengths of blue and green, and they impart a strange vividness to the garden’s blue flowers.However, look at a white shirt during the reddish light of sunset, and you’ll still see it in its “true” color—white, not red. Our eyes are constantly comparing an object against its surroundings. They therefore observe the effect of a shift in the color of illuminating on both, and adjust accordingly.The eyes can distinguish several million graduations of light and shade of color. Each waking second they flash tens of millions of pieces of information to the brain, which weaves them incessantly into a picture of the world around us.Yet all this is done at the back of each eye by a fabric of sensors, called the retina, about as wide and as thick as a postagestamp. As the Renaissance inventor and artist Leonardo da Vinci wrote in wonder, “Who would believe that so small a space could contain the images of all the universe?”1.Visual illusions often take place when the image of reality is ___.A.matched to six to seven million structures called cones.B.confused in the body’s sensors of both rods and cones.C.interpreted in the brain as what must be the case.D.signaled by about 120 million rods in the eye.2.The visual sensor that is capable of distinguishing shades of color is called ___.A.conesB.color visionC.rodsD.spectrum3.The retina send pulses to the brain ___.A.in short wavelengthsB.as color picturesC.by a ganglion cellD.along the optic nerve.4.Twenty-four still photographs are made into a continuous moving picture just because ___.A.the image we see usually stays longer than it actually appears.B.we see an object in comparison with its surroundings.C.the eyes catch million pieces of information continuously.D.rods and cones send messages 20 to 25 times a second.5.The author’s purpose in writing the passage lies in ___.A.showing that we sometimes are deceived by our own eyes.rming us about the different functions of the eyeorgans.C.regretting that we are too slow in the study of eyes.D.marveling at the great work done by the retina.答案：CADAB。
大学英语CET6阅读试题及答案
大学英语CET6阅读试题及答案在学习、工作生活中，我们最离不开的就是试题了，试题有助于被考核者了解自己的真实水平。
你知道什么样的试题才能切实地帮助到我们吗？以下是作者帮大家整理的大学英语CET6阅读精选试题及答案，希望能够帮助到大家。
大学英语CET6阅读精选试题及答案According to the latest research in the United States of America, men and women talk such different languages that it is like people from two different cultures trying to municate、Professor Deborah Tannen of Georgetown University, has noticed the difference in the style of boys and girls conversations from an early age、She says that little girls conversation is less definite than boys and expresses more doubts、Little boys use conversation to establish status with their listeners.These differences continue into adult life, she says、In public conversations, men talk most and interrupt other speakers more、In private conversations, men and women speak in equal amounts—although they say things in a different style、Professor Tannen believes that, for woman, private talking is a way to establish and test intimacy、For men, private talking is a way to explore the power structure of a relationship.Teaching is one job where the differences between mens and womens ways of talking show、When a man teaches a woman, says Professor Tannen, he wants to show that he has more knowledge, and hence more power in conversation、When a woman teaches another woman, however, she is more likely to take a sharing approach and to encourage her student to join in、But Professor Tannen does not believe that women are naturally more helpful、She says women feel they achieve power by being able to help others、Although the research suggests men talk and interrupt people more than women, Professor Tannen says, women actually encourage this to happen because they believe it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationship.Some scientists who are studying speech think that the brain is preprogrammed for language、As we are usually taught to speak by women, it seems likely that the brain must have a sexual bias(倾向性) in its programming,otherwise male speech patterns would not arise at all.1、In the opinion of the writer, women encourage men to talk becauseA、it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationshipB、it will help to establish status with their listenersC、it will help to express more clearlyD、it will help to municate better2、There are_______in little girls conversation than in boys.A、fewer doubtsB、more demandsC、more doubtsD、fewer uncertainties3、Some scientists believe that brain is pre-programmed for language、The word "pre programmed" means_______.A、programmed alreadyB、programmed before one is bornC、programmed earlyD、programmed by women4、In private conversation, women speakA、the same things as menB、less than menC、more than menD、as much as men5、The theme of this article is _______.A、women are naturally more helpfulB、men and women talk different languagesC、men talk most and interrupt other speakers moreD、little girls conversation is less definite参考答案：1、A 2、C 3、B 4、D 5、B试题及答案Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors、In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging University was rated among the lowest for the a 1987 ,Milburn mended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement、One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs、College of munication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it esto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks、Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work、Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist、"Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said、"If they do that will be successful in this they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1、According to Spirduso,women need to ____a report on sexual discriminationfor further improvement in their working conditionstheir energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationmore time and energy doing scholarly activities2、From this passage ,we know that _____.are many women full professors in the University of Texasplay an important part in adminitrating the Universityweather on the campus is chillymake up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3、Which of the following statements is true?number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985number of women professors was the same as that of 1985and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4、One of the positive results from Milburns study was that _____were told to con centrate on teir workwere given information about available administrative jobswere encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversity were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5、The title for this passage should be _______.University of TexasReportProfessorsDiscrimination in Academia答案：1、d，2、d，3、a，4、b，5、d。
6月大学英语六级阅读练习及答案
6月大学英语六级阅读练习及答案Very old people do raise moral problems for almost everyone who comes in contact with them. Their values—this can't be repeated too often—are not necessarily our values. Physical comfort, cleanness and order are not necessarily the most important things. The social services from time to time find themselves faced with a flat with decaying food covered by small worms, and an old person lying alone in bed, taking no notice of the worms. But is it interfering with personal freedom to insist that they go to live with some of their relatives so that they might be taken better care of? Some social workers, the ones who clear up the worms, think we are in danger of carrying this concept of personal freedom to the point where serious risks are being taken with the health and safety of the old.Indeed, the old can be easily hurt or harmed. The body is like a car, it needs more mechanical maintenance as it gets older. You can carry this comparison right through to the provision of spare parts. But never forget that such operations are painful experiences, however good the results. And at what point should you cease to treat the old body? Is it morally right to try to push off death by pursuing the development of drugs to excite the forgetful old mind and to activate(激活) the old body, knowing that it is designed to die? You cannot ask doctors or scientists to decide, because so long as they can see the technical opportunities, they will feel bound to give them a try, on the principle that while there's life, there's hope.When you talk to the old people, however, you are forced to the conclusion that whether age is happy or unpleasant depends less on money or on health than it does on your ability to havefun.21. It is implied in Paragraph 1 that______.A. very old people enjoy living with their relativesB. social services have nothing to do with very old peopleC. very old people would like to live alone so that they can have more personal freedomD. very old people are able to keep their rooms very clean22. Some social workers think that______.A. health and safety are more important than personal freedomB. personal freedom is more important than health and safetyC. old people should keep their rooms cleanD. one should not take the risk of dealing with old people23. In the author's opinion, ______.A. the human body can't be compared to a carB. the older a person, the more care he needsC. too much emphasis has been put on old people's valuesD. it is easy to provide spare parts for old people24. The word "it" in the last paragraph refers to______.A. the conclusion you have come toB. your talk to the old peopleC. whether age is happy or unpleasantD. one's money or one's health25. The author thinks that______.A. medical decisions for old people should be left to the doctorsB. old people can enjoy a happy life only if they are very richC. the opinion that we should try every means possible to save old people is doubtfulD. it is always morally right to treat old people and push off death答案：21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C。
六级阅读理解练习附参考答案
六级阅读理解练习附参考答案六级阅读理解练习：美国的经济体系The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the America economic system.The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individual are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.1. In Para. 1, “ the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes”means ___.A. Americans never feel satisfied with their incomes.B. Americans tend to overstate the amount of their incomes.C. Americans want to have their incomes increased.D. Americans want to increase the purchasing power of their incomes.2. The first two sentences in the second paragraph clarity the idea to us that ___.A. producers can satisfy the consumers by mechanized production.B. consumers can express their demands through producers.C. producers decide the prices of products.D. supply and demand regulate prices.3. The word “embraces” in Para. 3 probably parallels ___.A. enfoldB. hugC. comprehendD. support4. According to the passage, a private-enterprise economy is characterized by ___.A. private property and rights concerned.B. manpower and natural resources control.C. ownership of productive resourcesD. free contracts and prices.5. The passage is mainly talking about ___.A. how American goods are produced.B. how American consumers buy their goods.C. how American economic system works.D. how American businessman make their profits.参考答案：DDCAC六级阅读理解练习：金融体制的差异There are spectacular differences between financial markets on the Continent of Europe on the one hand, and in Britain on the other hand. In Britain, the market is really the City of London. It is a free market,and it controls most of the flow of savings to investment. On the Continent, either a few banks or government officials direct the flow of funds to suit their economic plans. In Germany the flow is directed by all-powerful banks. In Britain there is more free interplay of market forces and far fewer regulations, rules and “red tape”. A French banker summed it up this way: “On the Continent you cant do anything unless youre been told you can; in England on the other hand you can do everything as long as you havent been told not to.”There are many basic reasons for these differences. One is that Continental savers tend to prefer gold, cash or short-term assets. They invest only 10% of their savings in institutions like pension funds or insurance companies. But in Britain 50% of savings goes to them, and they, in turn, invest directly in equity market. A far lower proportion of savings is put in the banks in the form of liquid assets than on the Continent. Continental governments intervene directly or through the banks to collect savings together and transform them into medium or long-term loans for investment. The equity market is largely bypassed. On the Continent economic planning tends to be far more centralized than in Britain. In Britain it is possible to influence decisions affecting the countrys economy from within the City. It attracts a skilled and highly qualified work force. In France, on the other hand, an intelligent young man who wants a career in finance would probably find the civil service more attractive.In Britain the market, or more accurately, money tends to be regarded as an end in itself. On the Continent it is regarded as a means to an end: investment in the economy. To British eyes continental systems with possible exception of the Dutch seem slow and inefficient. But there isone outstanding fact the City should not overlook. Britains growth rates and levels of investment over the last ten years have been much lower than on the Continent. There are many reasons for this, but the City must take part of the blame. If it is accepted that the basic function of a financial market is to supply industry and commerce with finance in order to achieve desired rates of growth, it can be said that by concentrating on the market for its own sake the City has tended to forget that basic function.1. What is the best title of the passage?A. Savings and the Growth Rate.B. Banking and Finance: Two Different Realities.C. Monetary Policy in Britain.D. The European Continent and Britain.2. What seems to be the most fundamental reason for this difference?A. The British tend to regard money as an end, whereas Continental European consider it a means to an end.B. The British invest only 10% of their savings in pension funds.C. On the Continent you cant do anything unless you have been told you can.D. Intelligent young men who want a career tend to go to civil service on the Continent.3. According to the passage, the Dutch way of finance and banking ___.A. is similar to that of the French.B. makes no difference whatever system it is compared to.C. is perhaps resembling that of the British.D. has a low efficiency.4. The word “outstanding” in Line 4, Para 3___A. beatingB. surplusC. noticeableD. seemingly5. In what way does the continental system seem better?A. The Continent maintains a higher growth rate and levels of investment.B. It has less proportion of savings in the form of liquid assets.C. It attracts intelligent young men.D. In functions properly despite the fact that the British discount it.参考答案：BACCA。
6月大学英语六级阅读真题及答案解
6月大学英语六级阅读真题及答案解2022年6月大学英语六级阅读真题及答案解析大学英语六级考试是由国家统一出题的，统一收费，统一组织考试，用来评定应试人英语能力的全国性的考试，每年各举行两次。
以下是店铺帮大家整理的6月大学英语六级阅读真题及答案解作文，希望对大家有所帮助。
6月大学英语六级阅读真题及答案解Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select oneword for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified bya letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ,Answer Street 2 with a singleline through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Let's say you love roller-skating. Just the thought of __26__ on your roller-skates brings asmile to your face. You also know that roller-skating is excellent exercise. You have a __27__attitude toward it.This description of roller-skating __28__ the three components of an attitude: affect,cognition, and behavior. You love the activity; it's great fun. These feelings __29__ the affectiveor emotional component; they are an important ingredient in attitudes. The knowledge wehave about the object constitutes the cognitive component of an attitude. You understandthe health __30__ that the activity can bring. Finally, attitudes have a behavioral component.Our attitudes __31__ usto go outside to enjoy roller-skating.Now, we don't want to leave you with the __32__ that these three components always worktogether __33__ . They don't; sometimes they clash. For example, let's say you love pizza(affective component); however, you have high cholesterol and understand (knowledgecomponent) that eating pizza may be bad for your health. Which behavior will your attituderesult in, eating pizza or __34__ it? The answer depends on which component happens to bestronger. If you are walking past a pizza restaurant at lunchtime, your emotions and feelingsprobably will be stronger than your knowledge that pizza may not be the best food for yourhealth. In that instance, you have pizza for lunch. If you are at home trying to decide where togo for dinner, however, the knowledge component may __35__ , and you decide to go whereyou can eat a healthier meal.A.avoidingB.benefitsC.highlightD.illustratesE.impressionF.improvesG.inquiringH.perfectlyI.positiveJ.prevail K.primarilyL.promptM.specificationsN.strappingO.typicalSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Changing Generation[A] It turns out today's teenagers aren't so scary after all. Results of USA WEEKEND'S Teens & Parents survey reveal a generation of young people who get along well with their parents and approve of the way they're being raised. They think of their parents with affection and respect. They speak with Mom or Dad when they have a problem. Most feel that their parents understand them, and they believe their family is the No. 1 priority in their parents, lives. Many even think their parents are cool! Although more than a third have an object in their rooms they would like to keep secret from their parents, rarely is it anything more alarming than a diary or off-color (低俗的) book or CD.[B] Such results may seem surprising against the background of shocking incidents that color the way the mass media portray the young. In October 2000, , the same month the survey was taken, the Washington-based Center for Media and Public Affairs wrote in its publication Media Monitor that, in a recent month of TV news coverage of American youth, just 2% of teens were shown at home, and just 1% were portrayed in a work setting. In contrast, the criminal justice system accounted for nearly one out of every five visual backgrounds. No wonder parents worry their own kids might spin out of control once they hit the turbulentwaters of adolescence.[C] The overall facts ought to reassure us. The survey shows us that today's teens are affectionate, sensible and far happier than the angry and tortured souls that have been painted for us by stereotypes. From other sources, we also know teenage crime, drug abuse and premarital sex are in general decline. We, of course, need to pay attention to youngsters who are filled with discontent and hostility, but we should not allow these extreme cases to distort our view of most young people.[D] My own research at the Stanford Center on Adolescence uses in-depth interviews with small samples of youngsters rather than large-scale surveys. Still, in my studies and others I have read, I find the same patterns as in USA WEEKEND'S survey. Today's teenagers admire their parents and welcome parental guidance about important matters such as career choice—though certainly not Mom and Dad's advice on matters of personal taste, such as music or fashion. When we ask teens to choose a hero，they usually select an older family member rather than a remote public figure. Most teens say they enjoy the company of both parents and friends. [E] Contrary to some stereotypes, most adolescents believe they must be tolerant of differences among individuals (though they do not always find this easy in the cliquish (拉帮结派的) environment of high school). Many of them volunteer for community service with disadvantaged people. One prevalent quality we have found in teens, statements about themselves, their friends and their families is a strikingly positive emotional tone. By and large, these are very nice kids, and as the band The Who used to sing, "The kids are alright."[F] How much is today's spirit of harmony a change from ourmore turbulent past? A mere generation ago, parent-child relations were described as "the generation gap". Yet even then reports of widespread youth rebellion were overdone: Most kids in the '60s and 70s shared their parents, basic values. Still, it is true that American families are growing closer at the dawn of this new millennium (千年). Perhaps there is less to fight about, with the country in a period of tranquility and the dangers of drug abuse and other unwholesome behavior well known. Perhaps in the face of impersonal and intimidating globalization, a young person's family feels more like a friendly haven than an oppressive trap. And perhaps parents are acting more like parents than in the recent past. Within just the past five years, I have noticed parents returning to a belief that teenagers need the guidance of elders rather than the liberal, "anything goes" mode of child-rearing that became popular in the second half of the 20th century.[G] But missing from all these data is the sense that today's young care very much about their country, about the broader civic and political environment, or about the future of their society. They seem to be turning inward—generally in a pro-social manner, certainly with positive benefits for intimate relationships, but too often at the expense of a connection with the present and future world beyond, including the society they will one day inherit. [H] Recently, we examined more than 400 essays on the "laws of life" that teens from two communities had written as part of an educational program initiated by the John Templeton Foundation in Radnor, Pa. In those essays, and in follow-up interviews with a few of the teenagers, we found lots of insight, positive feeling and inspirational thinking. But we also found little interest in civic life beyond the tight circles of theirfamily and immediate friends.[I] For example, only one boy said he would like to be president when he grows up. When I was in high school, dozens in my class alone would have answered differently. In fact, other recent studies have found there has never been a time in American history when so small a proportion of young people have sought or accepted leadership roles in local civic organizations. It is also troubling that voting rates among our youngest eligible voters—18- to 24-year-olds—are way down: Little more than one in four now go to the polls, even in national elections, compared with almost twice that many when 18-year-olds were first given the vote.[J] In our interviews, many students viewed politics with suspicion and distaste. " Most politicians are kind of crooked (不诚实的)" one student declared. Another, discussing national politics, said, “I feel like on e person can't do that much, and I get the impression most people don't think a group of people can do that much." Asked what they would like to change in the world, the students mentioned only personal concerns such as slowing down the pace of life, gaining good friends, becoming more spiritual, becoming either more materially successful or less materially oriented (depending on the student's values), and being more respectful of the Earth, animals and other people. One boy said, "I'd rather be concentrating on artistic efforts than saving the world or something."[K] It is fine and healthy for teens to cultivate their personal interests, and it is good news when young people enjoy harmonious relations with their family and friends. But there is also a place in a young life for noble purposes that include a dedication to the broader society, a love of country and anaspiration to make their own leadership contributions.[L] In the past, the young have eagerly participated in national service and civic affairs, often with lots of energy and idealism. If this is not happening today, we should ask why. Our society needs the full participation of its younger citizens if it is to continue to thrive. We know the promise is there—this is a well-grounded, talented, warm-hearted group of youngsters. We have everything to gain by encouraging them to explore the world beyond their immediate experience and to prepare themselves for their turn at shaping that world.36. Not many young people eligible for voting are interested in local or national elections these days.37. Parents are concerned that their children may get involved in criminal offences once they reach their teens.38. Even during the turbulent years of last century, youth rebellion was often exaggerated in the media.39. Teenagers of today often turn to their parents for advice on such important matters as career choice.40. The incidence of teenage crime and misbehavior is decreasing nowadays.41. Young people should have lofty ideals in life and strive to be leaders.42. Some young people like to keep something to themselves and don't want their parents to know about it. 43. It is beneficial to encourage young people to explore the broader world and get ready to make it a better place.44. Many teenagers now offer to render service to the needy.45. Interviews with students find many of them are only concerned about personal matters.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. , B. , C. and D.. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Manufacturers of products that claim to be environmentally friendly will face tighter rules on how they are advertised to consumers under changes proposed by the Federal Trade Commission.The commission's revised "Green Guides" warn marketers against using labels that make broad claims, like "eco-friendly". Marketers must qualify their claims on the product packaging and limit them to a specific benefit, such as how much of the product is recycled."This is really about trying to cut through the confusion that consumers have when they are buying a product and that businesses have when they are selling a product," said Jon Leibowitz, chairman of the commission.The revisions come at a time when green marketing is on the rise. According to a new study, the number of advertisements with green messages in mainstream magazines has risen since 1987, and peaked in 2008 at 10.4%. In 2009, the number dropped to 9%. But while the number of advertisements may have dipped, there has been a rapid spread of ecolabeling. There are both good and bad players in the eco-labeling game.In the last five years or so, there has been an explosion of green claims and environmental claims. It is clear that consumers don't always know what they are getting.A handful of lawsuits have been filed in recent years against companies accused of using misleading environmental labels. In 2008 and 2009, class-action lawsuits (集体诉讼) were filed against SC Johnson for using "Greenlist" labels on its cleaning products. The lawsuits said that the label was misleading because it gave the impression that the products had been certified by a third party when the certification was the company's own."We are very proud of our accomplishments under the Greenlist system and we believe that we will prevail in these cases," Christopher Beard, director of public affairs for SC Johnson, said, while acknowledging that "this has been an area that is difficult to navigate."Companies have also taken it upon themselves to contest each other's green claims. David Mallen, associate director of the Council of Better Business Bureau, said in the last two years the organization had seen an increase in the number of claims companies were bringing against each other for false or misleading environmental product claims."About once a week, I have a client that will bring up a new certification I've never even heard of and I'm in this industry, said Kevin Wilhelm, chief executive officer of Sustainable Business Consulting. "It's kind of a Wild West, anybody can claim themselves to be green." Mr. Wilhelm said the excess of labels made it difficult for businesses and consumers to know which labels they should pay attention to.46. What do the revised "Green Guides" require businesses to do?A) Manufacture as many green products as possible. B) Indicate whether their products are recyclable.C) Specify in what way their products are green. D) Attachgreen labels to all of their products.47. What does the author say about consumers facing an explosion of green claims?A) They can easily see through the businesses' tricks.B) They have to spend lots of time choosing products.C) They have doubt about current green certification.D) They are not clear which products are truly green.48. What was SC Johnson accused of in the class-action lawsuits?A) It gave consumers the impression that all its products were truly green.B) It gave a third party the authority to label its products as environmentally friendly.C) It misled consumers to believe that its products had been certified by a third party.D) It sold cleaning products that were not included in the official "Greenlist".49. How did Christopher Beard defend his company's labeling practice?A) There were no clear guidelines concerning green labeling.B) His company's products had been well received by the public.C) It was in conformity to the prevailing practice in the market.D) No law required the involvement of a third party in certification.50. What does Kevin Wilhelm imply by saying "It's kind of a Wild West" (Line 3，Para. 11)?A) Businesses compete to produce green products.B) Each business acts its own way in green labeling.C) Consumers grow wild with products labeled green. D) Anything produced in the West can be labeled green.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.America's education system has become less a ladder of opportunity than a structure to transmit inequality from one generation to the next.That's why school reform is so critical. This is an issue of equality, opportunity and national conscience. It's not just about education, but about poverty and justice.It's true that the main reason inner-city schools do poorly isn't teachers' unions, but poverty. Southern states without strong teachers' ，unions have schools at least as awful as those in union states. Some Chicago teachers seem to think that they shouldn't be held accountable until poverty is solved. There're steps we can take that would make some difference, and Mayor Rahm Emanuel is trying some of them—yet the union is resisting.I'd be sympathetic if the union focused solely on higher compensation. Teachers need to be much better paid to attract the best college graduates to the nation's worst schools. But, instead, the Chicago union seems to be using its political capital primarily to protect weak performers.There's solid evidence that there are huge differences in the effectiveness of teachers. The gold standard study by Harvard and Columbia University scholars found that even in high-poverty schools, teachers consistently had a huge positive or negative impact.Get a bottom 1% teacher, and the effect is the same as if a child misses 40% of the school year. Get a teacher from the top 20%, and it's as if a child has gone to school for an extra monthor two.The study found that strong teachers in the fourth through eighth grades raised the skills of their students in ways that would last for decades. Just having a strong teacher for one elementary year left pupils a bit less likely to become mothers as teenagers, a bit more likely to go to college and earning more money at age 28.How does one figure out who is a weak teacher? Yes, that's a challenge. But researchers are improving systems to measure a teacher's performance throughout the year, and, with three years of data, ifs usually possible to tell which teachers are failing.Unfortunately, the union in Chicago is insisting that teachers who are laid off—often for being ineffective—should get priority in new hiring. That's an insult to students.Teaching is so important that it should be like other professions, with high pay and good working conditions but few job protections for bottom performers. This isn't a battle between garment workers and greedy bosses. The central figures in the Chicago schools strike are neither strikers nor managers but 350,000 children. Protecting the union demand sacrifices those students, in effect turning a blind eye to the injustice in the education system.51. What do we learn about America's education system?A) It provides a ladder of opportunity for the wealthy. B) It contributes little to the elimination of inequality.C) It has remained basically unchanged for generations. D) It has brought up generations of responsible citizens.52. What is chiefly responsible for the undesirable performance of inner-city schools? A) Unqualified teachers. C) Unfavorable learning environment.B) Lack of financial resources. D) Subconscious racial discrimination. 53. What does the author think the union should do to win popular support?A) Assist the city government in reforming schools. C) Demand higher pay for teachers.B) Give constructive advice to inner-city schools. D) Help teachers improve teaching.54. What is the finding of the gold standard study by Harvard and Columbia University scholars?A) Many inner-city school teachers are not equal to their jobs.B) A large proportion of inner-city children often miss classes.C) Many students are dissatisfied with their teachers.D) Student performance has a lot to do with teachers.55. Why does the author say the Chicago unions demand is an insult to students?A) It protects incompetent teachers at the expense of students. B) It underestimates students, ability to tell good teachers from poor ones.C) It makes students feel that they are discriminated against in many ways.D) It totally ignores students，initiative in the learning process.6月大学英语六级阅读真题及答案解篇126 [N]空格前的 of 表明此处应填入动名词，与介词 on 搭配。
大学英语CET6阅读试题及答案
大学英语CET6阅读试题及答案大学英语CET6阅读精选试题及答案You can't have a better tomorrow if you don't stop thinking about yesterday.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语CET6阅读精选试题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Many bankers may be worried about whether some fancy product dreamed up might yetlead to a visit from the police. Daniel Dantas, a financier, who has profited by operating at themiddle place where business and government meet in Brazil, has been opening the door to findthe police outside for much of thepast decade. On December 2nd he was convicted of a less sophisticated crime: trying tobribe police officers. Mr. Dantas, who has acquired great notoriety in Brazil, was fined $ 5million and sentenced to ten years in prison. He has appealed against his conviction.The charge stems from a police investigation into money-laundering (洗钱)known asOperation Satiagraha. It grew out of a previous investigation into Mr. Dantas' use of Kroll, asecurity consultancy, to watch over his business partners. During this investigation the policeseized a computer from Opportunity, Mr. Dantas's investment bank, which contained datafrom the mid-1990s to 2004 and apparently showed suspicious movements of money.The judge found that Mr. Dantas tried to pay bribes, via two go-betweens, to keep hisname out of the Satiagraha investigation. A man fitted with a bugging device was offered $1million in cash, with another $ 4 million to follow, the policesay. They claim that Mr. Dantas'strick involved money travelling to the Cayman Islands, then via the British Virgin Islands to anaccount in Ireland, on to Delaware, and then re-entering Brazil as foreign investment.For Mr. Dantas his crime is a steep fall from grace. A man who sleeps little and socializesless, he is a vegetarian and self-made billionaire, a gifted financier who has serially fallen outwith his business partners. He once controlled a large telecoms firm, acting for investors whoincluded Citigroup. He says he is the victim of a conspiracy mounted by the government.It is Mr. Dantas' supposed influence in government circles that has added to his notoriety.During the1990s, when many state-owned businesses were privatized, Mr. Dantas positionedhimself as the man with the needed expertise and contacts. He enjoyed easy access to thegovernment of President Femando Henrique Cardoso, including meetings with the presidenthimself. That influence carried through into the government of President Luiz Inacio Lula daSilva. Mr. Dantas is alleged to have been one of the funders of a cash-for-votes scheme inBrazil's Congress mounted by leaders of Lula's Workers' Party in 2003-2004. Many of thosewho have had dealings with Mr. Dantas insist that these have been legitimate and conducted ingood faith. They include Luiz Eduardo Greenhalgh, a lawyer and PT politician, whom he hired asa consultant.61. What kind of crime was Daniel Dantas convicted of according to the passage?A.A crime quite experienced and tactful.B.A crime by operating at the middle place.C.A crime attempting to temper police to work for him.D.A crime in money-laundering.62. How did the police convict the charge against Mr. Dantas according to the passage?A.They seized a computer by chance and got some evidence.B.They directly conducted a probe into him.C.They found he tempered police officers to delete his name.D.They questioned him and made sure the process of money-laundering.63. Mr. Dantas' relationship with his business partners is that __A.he usually gets along well with themB.he does not have a good relationship with themC.he totally trusts all of his business partnersD.he believes that they make him a victim64. What can we learn about Mr. Dantas according to the passage?A.He is a gifted financier and less socialized person.B.He always enjoys notorious fame in economic and political field.C.He is a vegetarian who likes making food by himself.D.His tragedy was mounted by the government conspiracy.65. What kind of relationship is reflected between Mr. Dantas and government in thepassage?A.His influence on government may reduce his notoriety and crime.B.In business privatization, he participated with demanding expertise.C.He never meets the President himself.D.People knowing him deem that he was sheer evil.参考答案：61.C)。
英语六级阅读理解精练及答案解析
英语六级阅读理解精练及答案解析英语六级阅读理解精练：个人主义的典范What do Americans believe in2? What is the American character? These questions are hard toanswer, because there are so many Americans and they believe in so many different things.However, the history of the United States does provide some understanding of certain basiccharacteristics that many Americans share .One of the main reasons why the early settlers came to America was to escape the controlsthey had experienced in Europe. 3 There , small groups of wealthy people prevented themfrom moving into a higher social position or becoming wealthy, and governmentsupportedchurches controlled their religious practices and beliefs. Because these early settlers wanted tobe free from such controls, they brought to America the view that the individual was supremelyimportant. The settlers were against the efforts of the church, the society, and particularly thegovernment, to control their actions. These controls came to be viewed as"un-American"4 .This strong American belief in individualism has both positive and negative sides5 . On thepositive side, it has strengthened Americansrsquo;inventiveness and their belief in hard work. Onthe negative side, the belief in individualism has sometimes prevented Americans from usingtheir government to solve their common problems. Americans prefer not to have governmentsolutions to social problems.The belief in individualism is a basic part of the American character. This belief has at leasttwo separate parts mdash; idealism and materialism6. Although these two beliefs are quitedifferent, most Americans try to live with them both at the same time, and idealism andmaterialism are both very much a part of the American character.American idealism comes largely from the nationrsquo;s Protestant7 religious heritage . EarlyAmericans did not have to belong to any particular church to have this belief. It influenced allAmericans so strongly that idealism came to mean that each individual should possess a highmoral character, and should live by his or her own beliefs. This is what American idealismmeans today.Americans also have a strong belief in materialism, that is, that each individual should gain asmuch wealth as possible. The American belief in materialism is partly a result of the nationrsquo;sgreat material abundance. The early settlers found a continent with great forests, rivers, andfertile farmland in abundance. It is not surprising that many viewed America as the land ofopportunity. 8As the United States grew and developed, the supply of natural resources seemed endless, andso did the opportunities for personal economic advancement. Each generation had a chance tobecome wealthier than their parents had been. Generation after generation of new immigrantshad the same opportunity. Americans eventually developed the belief that it was almost aduty to get rich.阅读自测Ⅰ. Here a re some new sports words that people often use in daily life . Guess their Chinesemeanings:All-star Gamemdash;mdash;mdash;Most Valuable Player ( MVP) mdash;mdash;mdash;Rookie of the Yearmdash;mdash;mdash;X-Games / Extreme Sportsmdash;mdash;mdash;Bungee jumpingmdash;mdash;mdash;Rock-climbing / Freeclimbingmdash;mdash;mdash;Bicycle Motocross ( BMX) mdash;mdash;mdash;treadmillmdash;mdash;mdash;aerobicsmdash;mdash;mdash;Ⅱ. When is a h ouse n ot just a house ? Guess the meanings of various houses:playhousemdash;mdash;mdash;Wendy house / dollhousemdash;mdash;mdash;fun housemdash;mdash;mdash;lodging housemdash;mdash;mdash;Opera house mdash;mdash;mdash;tea housemdash;mdash;mdash;Full House mdash;mdash;mdash;Meeting House mdash;mdash;mdash;Upper House and Lower Housemdash;mdash;mdash;参考答案Ⅰ. 全明星赛最有价值球员年度最佳新秀极限运动蹦极跳攀岩自行车越野跑步机有氧运动Ⅱ. 戏院、儿童游戏室儿童玩具房游乐场宿舍歌剧院茶馆客满, 座无虚席礼拜堂、教堂上议院与下议院参考译文个人主义的典范mdash;mdash;美国人国人的信念是什么? 美国人什么性格? 这些问题都难以回答, 因为美国人太多了,他们有太多不同的信条。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
It may p lace a great stra in on the state budget.
4.考霸解析：正确答案为[D]。在那些外来移民数量多、社会福利优厚的州，高技术、受到较好教育的雇员的反对最 为强烈。他们最大的担心是外来移民带来的财政负担。故D项正确。
[D] The goals most people set are un realistic.
2.What does Maurice Schweitzer want to show by cit ing the exa mple of Enron?
[A]Sett ing realistic goals can turn a faili ng bus in ess into success.
20XX
At the heart of the debate over illegal immigratio n lies one key questio n: are immigra nts good or bad for the economy? The America n p ublic overwhel min gly thi nks they're bad. Yet the consen sus among most econo mists is that immigrati on, both legal and illegal, p rovides a small net boost to the economy. Immigra nts p rovide chea p labor, lower the p rices of
5.考霸解析：正确答案为［C］。细节题。作者为什么如此着重人文主义的研究，其他三项都是非常具体的，且都不
是重点。只有C选项符合。且我们从最后这一句"But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that
have defi ned our culture and values."及作者的语气可以更加确定是C选项。
4.考霸解析：正确答案为[C]。事实细节题。定位句表明，Schweitzer的研究团队利用新闻报道作为证据来证明他的 上，故答案为A。
20XX
A recurri ng criticism of the UK's uni versity sector is its p erceived weak ness in tran slati ng new kno wledge into new p roducts concentrated: less than25%of universities receive75%of the research funding. These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, scienee citations, policies generating Iong-term resource concentration has also created a research-led and commercially active. It seems clear that the concentration creates differe nces betwee n uni versities.
5.考霸解析：正确答案为[C]。根据题干关楗词the irony,debate定位到最后一段第一句：The irony is that for all the哦verexcited debate, the net effect of immigrati on is mi ni mal.具有讽刺意义的是，尽管争论非常激烈，外来移民的净影响
1.In the early 20th cen tury America ns believed scie nee and tech no logy could
们可以推断出是选C选项。A和D选项比较容易排除。不选B选项，因为文章中"India, China, Japan, and other regions
1.What do we lear n about p aid family leave from the first p aragra ph?
[A]America is now the only deve loped country without the p olicy.
[B]It has now become a hot topic in the Un ited States.案，答案A中developed是wealthy的同义阐述。
2.考霸解析：正确答案为［D］。由文章第二段可看出，美国商会和其他商业团体常常对于美国关于平衡工作与家庭 不加之以社会责任的话，便lity指的就是一种社会
责任，意指良好教养是一个需要全社会共同努力的事业，因为其带来的社会效应是巨大的。因此作者反对将养育孩 子仅仅作为个人选择来看待。作者需要的是collective responsibility，因此答案选D,因为教养孩子是一种社会事业。
The core objective for uni versities which are research-led must be to maximise the imp act of their research efforts. These uni versities should be gen erati ng the widest range of social, econo mic and en vir onmen tal ben efits. In retur n for the scale of in vestme nt, they should share their exp ertise in order to build greater con fide nee in the sector.
其实微乎其微。故C项正确。make a fuss的意思是”大惊小怪，小题大做”。
can do. Huma ni stic thinking helps us un dersta nd what we should do.
It is almost impo ssible to imagi ne our society without thi nking of the extraord inary achieveme nts of scie ntists and engin eers in build ing our comp licated world. But try to imagi ne our world as well without the remarkable works that have defi ned our culture and values. We have always n eeded, and we still n eed, both.
该题是带概括性质的题。
20XX
A new study from the Cen ter for In formatio n and Research on Civic Lear ning and En gageme nt (CIRCLE) at Tufts Un iversity shows that today's youth vote in larger numbers than previous generations, and a 2008 study from the Center for America n Progress adds that in creas ing nu mbers of young voters and activists support traditi on ally liberal causes. But there's no easy way to see what those figures mean in real life. During the presidential campaign, Barack Obama assembled a racially and ideologically diverse coaliti on with his message of hope and cha nge; as the reality of life un der a
[B]The young gen erati on supports traditi on ally liberal causes.
[C]Young voters p layed a decisive role in Obama's elect ion.
[D]Young people in America are now more diverse ideologically.
20XX
Only two coun tries in the adva need world p rovide no guara ntee for p aid leave from work to care for a n ewbor n child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious dist in cti on by establish ing p aid family leave start ing in 2011.1 was n't ben efits-as they clearly do-the ben efits of p rovid ing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.