高中英语语法-倒装

• 表示位置转移的副词，如up, down, in, out, away, ahead等移至句首。 • The eagle flew down.Down flew the eagle. • The rocket went up. Up went the rocket. Out rushed a lion. • A lion rushed out. • 门开了，进来了一个老人 • The door opened and in came an old man. • 注：当主语为人称代词时不引起倒装。 • Away they went. • Higher and higher it flew.
• 部分方式副词或频度副词放在句首，如： well, often, many a time, once in a while 等。 • 他时常提醒我不要那样做。 • Often did he remind me not to do it. • 他多次给我忠告。 • Many a time has he given me good advice • 那个日子我记忆犹新。 • Well do I remember the day.
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哪儿都找不到钥匙。 The key was nowhere to be found. Nowhere was the key to be found. 我绝不会讲这个秘密告诉她的。 By no means shall I tell her the secret. 我们决不放弃希望。 Under no circumstances should we give up hope.
• 当so, neither/nor位于句首，表示“也…”或“也不…” 时需要倒装。 • 他父亲是出租车司机，他也是。 • His father is a taxi driver. So is he. • 我从来没有去过国外，我父母也没有。 • I have never been abroad before, and neither/nor have my parents. • 注：1）当so表示对上文的认同，意为“确实如此” 时，需要正常语序。 • 他会说法语。是的，他的确会法语，我也会。 • He can speak French. So he can and so can I. • 2）表示与上文提到的两种情况都一样，用So it is/was with…结构。 • 我从未去过欧洲，但我去过非洲。我兄弟也是如此。 • I have never been to Europe but I have been to Africa. So it is with my brother.
• 句首状语为表示地点的介词词组，“地点状语 +谓语+主语” • A high monument stands in the center of the square • In the center of the square stands a high monument. • Rows of trees were on either side of the road. • On either side of the road were rows of trees. • 大门旁站着一名卫士。 • By the gate stood a guard.
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• 让步状语从句中as和though的倒装。 1) 表语（名词、形容词）+as+主语+动词 • 尽管格林先生年纪大了，但他仍旧强壮。 • Old as Mr Green is, he is strong. • 他虽然只是个孩子，但却很懂人情世故。 • Child as he is, he knows a lot about the world. • 注：名词提前时，前面的冠词要去掉。 • 2) 副词+as+主语+动词 • 尽管他学习努力，但也通不过考试。 • Hard as he studies, he can’t pass the exam. • 3) 动词+as+主语+情态动词 • 不管她多么尽力，都不能按时完成。 • Try as she may, she can’t finish it on time.
• Not until • 直到那时他才明白母亲那样做是为他好。 • Not until then did he know his mother had done it for his good. • 直到老师来了我们才离开。 • We didn’t leave until the teacher came. • Not until the teacher came did we leave. • （注：not until放句首，从句不倒装，主句倒 装） • Not only • 我不但认识她，而且还是她的朋友。 • Not only do I know her, but I am also her friend. （注：not only+倒装，but also+不倒装 neither+倒装，nor+倒装）
• 把作为表语的形容词、副词、现在分 词、过去分词结构位于句首，“表语+ 系动词+主语”。 • Seated on the grass are a group of nice girls. • Lying about on the floor are books and magazines.
• 部分倒装(Partial Inversion) • 结构：提前部分+情态动词、助动词或be动 词+主语+（主要动词）
• 在so…that, such…that的结果状语从句中，当so, such位于句首时，需要倒装。
• He studied so hard that he got high marks in the test. • So hard did he study that he got high marks in the test. • He is such a clever boy that all the teachers like him. • Such a clever boy is he that all the teachers like him. • 她是如此激动以至于说不出话来。 • So excited was she that she couldn’t say a word.
• 句首为含有否定意义的副词、介词短语或连词， 如：never, little, seldom, rarely, hardly, barely, scarcely, nowhere, in no way, by no means, in no case, on no account, under no circumstances, no sooner, not until, not only等。 • I have never seen such a terrible accident. • Never have I seen such a terrible accident. • He knows little does the importance of study. • Little does he know the importance of study. • His mother seldom comes back so late. • Seldom does his mother come back so late.
• 完全倒装(Complete Inversion) • 结构：提前部分+谓语动词+主语
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• 将状语here, there, now, then前移，谓语 动词一般为be, come, go。 • There goes the bell. Let’s begin our class. • Here comes the bus. • Here are some examples. 。 • Now comes my turn to speak. • 注：当主语为人称代词时不引起倒装。 • Here comes he. × Here he comes. √ • 你在找书吗？在这儿呢。 • Aren’t you looking for your book? Look, here it is.
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Only+状语放在句首 Only then did I realize the trouble he was in. Only in this way can he relieve his sadness. Only by working hard will you be able to succeed. 一个人只有在离开家时才意识到家庭的温暖。 Only when one is away from home does one realize how nice home is. 注：only修饰主语，放在句首时不倒装。 我们只有一些人能说好英语。 Only some of us can speak English well.
• （注：Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely had sb done sth when…No sooner had sb done sth than…） • 我刚躺下又睡着了。 • No sooner had I lain down than I fell asleep. • Hardly had I lain down when I fell asleep.