英语专八改错技巧skills for proof-reading
专八改错Proofreading exercises
Proofreading exercisesThe door is bright painted. →The door is brightly painted.I cleanly forget it. →I clean forget it.This book is worth. →This book is worth the money.He has visited the whole Beijing. →He has visited the whole of Beijing.He hid the money lest it would be stolen. →He hid the money lest it should be stolen.I doubt that he told us a lie. →I doubt whether he told us a lie.We discussed if we should close the shop. →We discussed whether we should close the shop.We haven’t settled the question of if we will go on with the experiment. →We haven’t settled the question of whether we will go on with the experiment. For he is ill, he is absent today. →Since /Because he is ill, he is absent today.The reason why he has lost his job is because he has never pleased his boss. →The reason why he has lost his job is that he has never pleased his boss. Hardly had he got there than it began to rain. →Hardly had he got there when it began to rain.He told us the news which the Chinese football team was beaten again. →He told us the news that the Chinese football team was beaten again. Neither he and they have done it. →Neither he nor they have done it.His parents are all doctors. →His parents are both doctors.None of his parents is fond of pets. →Neither of his parents is fond of pets.It’s a wise man who never makes mistakes. →It’s a wise man that never makes mistakes.This is the classroom in that we study. →This is the classroom in which we study.We decided to adhere the project. →We decided to adhere to the project.He advertised his missing pet. →He advertised for his missing pet.I certainly approve your plan. →I certainly approve of your plan.The businessman mainly deals with HP computers.→The businessman mainly deals in HP computers.I am awaiting for your early reply. →I am awaiting your early reply.The murderer cannot escape from punishment. →The murderer cannot escape punishment.Pandas inhabit in the forest. →Pandas inhabit the forest.Have you joined in the club? →Have you joined the club?The enemy suffered from heavy casualties. →The enemy suffered heavy casualties.Only ten passengers survived from the accident.→Only ten passengers survived the accident.Wait for your chance patiently. →Wait your chance patiently.He will only see you on appointment. →He will only see you by appointment.Let me thank you in behalf of the President. →Let me thank you on behalf of the President. There is no student in the campus. →There is no student on the campus.Tom is in the basketball team. →Tom is on the basketball team.The bridge is in construction. →The bridge is under construction.The lion stood in way. →The lion stood in the way.He made to the door. →He made for the door.Please contact me on phone. →Please contact me by phone.You are wanted by the phone. →You are wanted on the phone.Air-conditioners are on great demand. →Air-conditioners are in great demand.They ran to the direction of the river. →They ran in the direction of the river.The gossip soon spread from all directions. →The gossip soon spread in all directions. Don’t read under the sun. →Don’t read in the sun.The official is in suspicion now. →The official is under suspicion now.We did it at our own will. →We did it of our own will.He did it in ease. →He did it with ease.I tried every means by my disposal. →I tried every means at my disposal. He is an authority in agriculture. →He is an authority on agriculture.。
TEM8-proof-reading练习
英语专八改错题：1、改错虽然为主观题，但错误类型相对集中，可分为以下几种情况：定冠词：a，an，the误用，甚至多出来；解决办法：分析定冠词的主语及上下文有无指代；级：分两类错误，第一种是原级用成比较级，比较级用成最高级，反之亦然。
有一种除外，是两者比较谁最好，可以用最高级；第二种是意思相反，如most改为least；连词错误：也分两种，第一种为连词误用，应该表示转折的用成了并列，比如while改为and；第二种为近义词。
在不同语境中用However，Nonetheless，比用but更合适，更合乎语法；（与逻辑关系也有关，看上下文，联系语境）词性错误：多出现为形容词转变为副词，反之亦然；也有可能是限定，如adv.+adj.+n.，如下所说；形容词改为动词或名词等，多出现在一词多性的情况下；形容词限定错误：出现在adj.+adj.+n.要知道第1个adj.是限定第2个adj.还是限定n.；若是限定第2个adj.，大多改为副词adv.；搭配错误：多为介词搭配错误，如ins ome extent改为to，rely in改为on等；也有搭配词没有给出，需要自己添加，比如define...as；词义错误：比如：rather than改为other than；（此项比较难）近义形容词错误：例如：respective，respectable，respectful，respecting，respected；（此项比较难）缺失：例如the fact后面直接接了句子，中间缺少that，表明同位关系；多余：有的地方莫名其妙多出一个词，多为介词，是没有用的；词义相反：多出现在形容词，需要在前面添加或去掉in-，im-，ir-，un-等否定前缀；主动被动：分析主语与谓语动词的逻辑关系是主动还是被动，多出现在分句中；三单：主语与谓语是单数还是复数，主语是否为不可数名词，是的话如何判断谓语动词是单数还是复数，还是有特殊用法；时态：现在时用为过去式，或者进行时用成了现在时等；定语从句用错先行词：which用成了that；难点儿的比如：for which用成了which，要知道for which=why，in/at which=where；还有什么情况下必须用that，比如人和物搭配，序数词，the one，the only，不缺任何成分，有否定词，有all等；2013年专业八级改错答案及解析：1. production 改为producing。
专八改错应试技巧
irritated with, vexed with sb for sth
TEM-8 --- Proof-reading and Error-correction
介词with
n+with
acquaintance (have no acquaintance with不熟悉, 不了解), alliance, in troubles with in sympathy with 同情; 赞成
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TEM-8 --- Proof-reading and Error-correction
介词at
•
•
v.+at
aim, snatch at, strike at, work at, look, glance, laugh, run
at, catch at, shoot, stare, glare, thrust, call at, fire, tear at, arrive, come at (袭击, 达到), gasp at (对...大吃一惊), pull
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adj+with
strict, busy, satisfied, filled, connected, popular, patient,
acquainted, confronted, content,
identical, concerned,
afflicted, associated, burdened, consistent, endowed, exhausted with, familiar, impatient, infested with,
TEM-8 --- Proof-reading and Error-correction
专八英语改错技巧
专八英语改错技巧"校对与改错'是英语专业八级考试中的一种传统题型，2016年英语专业八级考试题型调整后，本题改名为"语言知识'(Language Usage)，但文章长度、错误类型、题量(10道)、分值(10分)、答题时间(15分钟)等均未有任何变化。
该题虽然在整个考试中占分比例不大，但得分率一直不高，对广大考生来说是一个难点。
改错的基本思路：先找一眼就能看出的错误，其次找：逻辑关系(从句，代词)冠词(n. adj. adv.)动词固定搭配常见的逻辑关系词：and, therefore, nevertheless, but, so, since, whereas, or, furthermore, as.常考的逻辑关系标志词(按用发分类)：连词：and, but, or, yet, whereas, so, since, as, while, although..a. 并列连词：and, but, orb. 从属连词：yet, whereas, so, since, as, while, although...副词：therefore, however, nevertheless, furthermore, also...2英语专业专八备考方法考试时间是每年的3月上旬，对象是英语及相关专业大四同学。
非英语及相关专业与非在校生无法参加考试。
考试成绩分三级：60-69分是合格;70-79分是优良;80分及以上是出色。
第一部分，听力理解Listening Comprehension，可以准备口语性较强、反映现代生活的英语资料，多听一些大众媒介英语，进行实战演习。
报刊、杂志、电影、电视的英语都是不错的。
校对与改错Proofreading and Error Correction，这个必须要积存词汇，平常多做一些联系，积存自己的词汇。
阅读理解 Reading Comprehension，阅读是获取语言知识最直接、最有效的方法，关键是多做学习，大量阅读，通过阅读来提升阅读水平。
专八proof reading
The day before the speech contest English teacher… English teacher --- my English teacher 可数名词前通常要加修饰语。此句虽然有 English，但指代不明。根据上下文，加上my 比较贴切。
2：代词问题（尤其是代词和名词在单复数上的 ：代词问题（ 一致） 一致） 1)The Smiths did his best to make me feel… Their the Smiths指代一家人或夫妇俩。 2)And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the games. 谈论都是“我们”的事，此处也应一致。
On some fields, this has clearly not happened. On in This has probably been the case in quite a while. In for
介词to和不定式符号的混淆 Too many tests will do harm to cultivate our independent thinking. （误） Too many tests will do harm to the cultivation of our independent thinking. （正） All these contributed to solve the serious problem. （误） All these contributed to the solution of the serious problem. （正）
1：冠词问题（a和the以及零冠词的问题） ：冠词问题（ 和 以及零冠词的问题） 以及零冠词的问题
英语专业八级改错高分功略
英语专业八级改错高分功略题型介绍本题由一篇250词左右的短文组成，短文中有10行标有题号。
该10行均含有一个语误。
要求学生根据“增添”、“删去”或“改变其中的某一单词或短语”三种方法中的一种，以改正语误。
考试时间共计15分钟.共10题。
要求学生能运用语法、修辞、结构等语言知识识别短文内的语病并提出改正的方法。
作题步骤第一步：通读全文了解大意同时改正明显错误；有的错误很明显，比如短语搭配on some occassions 不是in on some occassions第二步：：逐句分析个个击破没有把握暂时不做；没有把握的不要乱做，为最后整体把握做准备第三步：整体把握平均用力十大错误助你高分。
最后整体把握看看十大错误还有哪些没有用上，尽量从没有用过的错误角度考虑。
十大错误根据笔者对专业八级改错题的分析，发现十大经典错误，如能正确运用，必将助你一臂之力。
经典错误1：一致问题经典错误2：时态语态语气问题，经典错误3：非谓语动词问题经典错误4：形容词与副词问题经典错误5：易混词与反义词问题经典错误6：赘述省略平行问题经典错误7：介词冠词问题经典错误8：定语问题，经典错误9：搭配错误，经典错误10：衔接错误真题实践Proofreading and Error Correction (15 min)2004One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U.S Congress is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to committees - either standing committees，special committees set for a specific （1）____ purpose，or joint committees consisted of members of both houses. （2）____ Investigations are held to gather information on the need for futur e legislation，to test the effectiveness of laws already passed， to i nquire into the qualifications and performance of members and officials of the other branches，and in rare occasions，to lay the （3）____ groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently，committees rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings （4）____ and to make out detailedstudies of issues. （5）____ There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One is the power to publicize investigations and its re sults. Most （6）____ committee hearings are open to public and are reported （7）____ widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers （8）____ to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues. （9）____ Congressional committees also have the power to compel testimony from unwilling witnesses，and to cite for contempt of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury these who give false testimony. （10）____答案详解One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U.S Congress is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to committees - either standing committees，special committees set ∧for a specific （1）___up_ 不当的省略purpose，or joint committees consisted of members of both houses. （2）_consisting_非谓语问题Investigations are held to gather information on the need for future legislation，to test the effectiveness of laws already passed， to inquire into the qualifications and performance of m embersand official s of the other branches，and in rare occasions，to lay the （3）__on__ 介词搭配问题groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently，committees rely ∧outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings （4）__on__不当的省略and to make out detailed studies of issues. （5）_out_多余__ There are important corollaries to the investigative power.One is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most （6）_their___ 一致问题committee heari。
专八改错练习
专八改错练习PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (20 MIN.)Directions: The following passage contains 17 errors. Each line contains a maximum of one error, and three are free from error. In each case, only one word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way.For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one inthe blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ʌ”signand write the word you believe to be missing in the blankprovided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross out the unnecessary word with a slash ―/‖ and putthe word in the blank provided at the end of the line.If the line is correct, place a tick “✓”in the blank provided at the end of theline.Air quality in Britain has improved considerably in thelast thirty years. Total emissions of smoke in the air have risen by 1_____ over 85 per cent since 1950. The domestic smoking control grogram 2_____ has been particularly important in achieving this result. London and 3_____ other major cities are no longer have the dense smoke-laden 4_____ ―smogs‖ of the 1950s but in central London winter sunshine has5_____ increased about 70 per cent since 1958. 6_____ Since 1990, everyday air pollution data from the British 7_____ monitoring network has been made available to the public by 8_____ the Department of the Environment‘s Air Quality Bulletins.9_____ These give the concentrations on three main pollutants--ozone, 10____ nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide--and grade air quality on 11____ a scale between ―very weak‖ and ―very good‖. The information12____ features in television and radio weather reports appears 13____ in many national and local newspapers. Therefore, the data are also 14____ available on the special free telephone number and on videotext systems. 15____A comprehensive review of the issue of urbanized air 16____ quality was announced in January 1992. Three independent committees 17____ of which experts have been established to advise in different 18____ aspects of the problem, ad will set guidelines and targets for air 19____ quality. The network also being extended and upgraded at a cost 20____of 10 million pounds.---THE END---PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (20 MIN.)Directions: The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of one error. In each case, only one word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way.For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one inthe blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ʌ”signand write the word you believe to be missing in the blankprovided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross out the unnecessary word with a slash ―/‖ and putthe word in the blank provided at the end of the line.Classic Intention MovementIn social situations, the classic Intention Movement is―the chair grasp‖. Host and guests have been talkingfor some time, but now the host has an appointmentto keep and can get away. His urge to go is 1_____ held in check by his desire not be rude to his guest. 2_____ If he did not care of his guest‘s feelings he would3_____ simply get up out of his chair and to announce his 4_____ departure. This is what his body wants to do, therefore 5_____ his politeness glues his body to the chair and refusesto let him raise. It is at this point that he 6_____ performs the chair-grasp Intention Movement. He continuesto talk to the guest and listen to him, but leans forwardand grasp the arms of the chair as about to push 7_____ himself upwards. This is the first act he wouldmake if he were rising. If he were not hesitating, 8_____ it would only last a fraction of the second. He would 9_____ lean, push, rise, and be up. But now, instead, it lastsmuch longer. He holds his ―readiness-to-rise‖ post and 10____ keeps on holding it. It is as if his body had frozenat the get-ready moment.---THE END---PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (20 MIN.)Directions: The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of one error. In each case, only one word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way.For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one inthe blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ʌ”signand write the word you believe to be missing in the blankprovided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross out the unnecessary word with a slash ―/‖ and putthe word in the blank provided at the end of the line.When a human infant is born into any community in any part of theworld it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them 1_____ have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and 2_____ most obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from apowerful capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there 3_____ is nothing the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. Withoutcare from some other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, orhuman group, a child is very likely to survive. This helplessness of humaninfants is in marked contrast with the capacity of many new born animals toget on their feet within minutes of birth and run with herd within a few4_____ hours. Although young animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks 5_____ or even months after birth, compared with the human infant they very quicklygrow the capacity to fend for them. 6_____ It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totallydependent on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares 7_____ with all other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. Forthis rea son, biologists now suggest that language be ―species specific‖ to the8_____ human race, that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic 9_____ programmed in such way that it can acquire language. 10____ This suggestion implies that just as human beings are designed to seethree-dimensionally and in colour, and just as they are designed to standupright rather than to move on all fours, so they are designed to learn anduse language as part of their normal developments as well-formedhuman beings.---THE END---PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (20 MIN.)Directions: The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of one error. In each case, only one word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way.For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one inthe blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ʌ”signand write the word you believe to be missing in the blankprovided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross out the unnecessary word with a slash ―/‖ and putthe word in the blank provided at the end of the line.The hunter-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric 1_____ human ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing 2_____ with animal foods. An analysis of 58 societies of modern hunter-gatherers, including the Kung of southern Africa, revealed thatone-half emphasize gathering plant foods, one-third concentrate onfishing, and only one-sixth are primarily hunters. Overall, two-thirds and 3_____ more of the hunter-gatherer‘s calories come from plants. Detailed studiesof the Kung by the food scientists at the University of London, showedthat gathering is a more productive source of food than is hunting. Anhour of hunting yields in average about 100 edible calories, 4_____ as an hour of gathering produces 240. 5_____ Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung diet, 6_____ and no one goes hungry when the hunt fails, interestingly, if they escapefatal infections or accidents, these contemporary aborigines live to oldages despite of the absence of medical care. They experience no obesity, 7_____ and no middle-aged spread, little dental decay, no high blood pressure, noheart disease, and their blood cholesterol level are low (about half of8_____ the average American adult.) If no one is suggesting that we return to 9_____ an aboriginal life, we certainly could use their eating habitsas a model for healthier diet. 10____ ---THE END---PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (20 MIN.)Directions: The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of one error. In each case, only one word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way.For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one inthe blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ʌ”signand write the word you believe to be missing in the blankprovided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross out the unnecessary word with a slash ―/‖ and putthe word in the blank provided at the end of the line.About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countriescould be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent 1_____ high risk pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the 2_____ Johns Hopking University.The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000maternal deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs 3_____ children within the safest years with adequate intervals among births 4_____ and limited their families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370,000maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for 5_____ this year by the United Nation‘s Children‘s Fund and the US Centers forDisease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births 6_____ occur in the high risk categories.The report says that evidences from around the world shows the 7_____ risk of maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific8_____types of pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those 9_____ after the mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and thoselesser than two years apart. 10____ ---THE END---答案:1 将had used 改为used; 因为此句是虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反,故条件从句中应使用一般过去时2 将publishing改为published: report和publish时逻辑动宾关系,故应使用publish的过去分词短语来修饰report。
英文作文改错技巧
英文作文改错技巧Improving your English writing skills, especially in terms of correcting errors, involves several strategies. Here are some techniques you can use:1. Proofreading: After writing your essay, take some time to carefully read through it. Look for any spelling, grammar, or punctuation mistakes. Reading aloud can also help you catch errors that you might miss when reading silently.2. Grammar and Punctuation Rules: Familiarize yourself with common grammar and punctuation rules in English. Understanding these rules will help you identify errors more easily. For example, know when to use apostrophes, commas, semicolons, and colons.3. Sentence Structure: Pay attention to the structure of your sentences. Make sure each sentence has a clear subject, verb, and object (if applicable). Avoid run-onsentences and sentence fragments.4. Verb Tenses: Be consistent with verb tenses throughout your essay. If you're writing in the past tense, make sure all verbs reflect this tense. Similarly, ifyou're writing in the present or future tense, maintain consistency.5. Subject-Verb Agreement: Ensure that the subject and verb in each sentence agree in number (singular or plural). For example, "The dog barks" is correct, while "The dog bark" is incorrect.6. Word Choice: Choose your words carefully to convey your intended meaning accurately. Avoid using words you're unsure of or words that might be easily confused with others.7. Transitional Phrases: Use transitional phrases to connect ideas and improve the flow of your essay. These phrases help readers understand how different parts of your essay are related to each other.8. Seek Feedback: Ask someone else to read your essay and provide feedback. Fresh eyes can often catch errorsthat you might overlook. Additionally, consider joining a writing group or seeking help from a tutor or teacher.9. Practice Regularly: Like any skill, improving your English writing requires practice. Set aside time to write regularly, whether it's journaling, writing essays, or engaging in other writing activities.10. Use Online Tools: Take advantage of online grammar and spell-check tools to help you identify errors more efficiently. However, be cautious and use these tools as a supplement to your own proofreading skills rather than relying solely on them.By incorporating these techniques into your writing routine and being mindful of common errors, you can improve your ability to identify and correct mistakes in your English writing. Remember that becoming proficient in anyskill takes time and effort, so be patient with yourself as you work towards improvement.。
专八改错——精选推荐
专⼋改错TEM-8改错部分PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN)The passage contains TEN errors. Each in dicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. For a wrong word,underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a miss ing word,mark the positi on of the miss ing word with a" A " sig n and write the word you believe to be miss ing in the bla nk provided at the end of the line.For an unn ecessary word, cross the unn ecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.ExampleWhen A art museum wants a new exhibit it n ever buys things in fini shed form and hangs them on the wall. When a n atural history museum wants an exhibition, it must often build it.1999The hun ter-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric 1. __ huma n an cestors con sume primarily a vegetable diet suppleme nti ng 2. __with an imal foods. An an alysis of 58 societies of modem hunter- gatherers, in cludi ng the Kung ofsouther n Africa, revealed that onehalf emphasize gatheri ng pla nt foods, on e-third concen trate on fish ing and only one-sixth are primarily hunters. Overall, two-thirds and more of the hunter- gatherer ' s calories come from plants. 3. __Detailed studies of the Kung by the food scie ntists at the Uni versity of London, showed that gathering is a more productive source of foodthan is hun ti ng. An hour of hun ti ng yields in average about 100 4. edible calories, as an hour of gatheri ng produces 240.5. Plant foods provide for 60 perce nt to 80 perce nt of the Kung6. diet, and no one goes hungry whe n the hunt fails. In teresti ngly, if they escape fatal in fecti ons oraccide nts, these con temporaryaborigi nes live to old ages despite of the abse nee of medical care. 7. They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, little dental decay, no high blood pressure, on heart disease, and their blood cholesterol levels are very low( about half of the average America n 8. __ adult), if no one is suggest ing what we retur n to an aborig in al life 9. __ style, we certa inly could use their eati ng habits as a model for10. _ (1) _an(2) n ever (3) exhibithealthier diet.2000The grammatical words which play so large a part in En glish grammaris that grammatical words have "less meaning ” , but in f(2)t _______some grammaria ns have called them “ empty ” wordsas opposed in the “ full ” words of vocabulary. But this (3) _____________is a rather misled way of express ing the disti nction. (4) _______Although a word like “ the ” is not the name of somethingas “ man" is, it is very far away from being meaningless; (5) _______there is a sharp differe nee in meaning betwee n “ man is vile ”and “ the man is vile ” , yet the is the single vehicle of (6) _______this differe nee in meaning.Moreover, grammatical words differ con siderably amongthemselves as the amount of meaning they have even in (7) _______the lexical sen se. Ano ther n ame for the grammatical wordshas been "little words. ” But size is by no mean a good criter(d8) ___________for disti nguish ing the grammatical words of En glish,when we consider that we have lexical words as (9) _______go, man, say, car. Apart from this, however, thereis a good deal of truth in what some people say: wecerta inly do create a great nu mber of obscurity whe n (10) ______we omit them. This is illustrated not only in the poetryof Robert Brow ning but i n the prose of telegrams and n ewspaper headli nes.2001During the early years of this cen tury, wheat was see n as thevery lifeblood of Wester n Can ada. People on city streets watchedthe yields and the price of wheat in almost as much feeli ng as if 1. __ they were growers. The market ing of wheat became an in creas ing 2. __ favorite topic of con versati on.War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketi ngthe wester n crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative grainselling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange.Wheat prices were gen erally low in the autu mn, so farmers could 3. __ not wait for markets to improve. It had happe ned too often thatthey sold their wheat soon shortly after harvest whe n farm debts 4. __ were coming due, just to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. 5.___ On various occasions, producer groups, asked firmer control, 6.___ but the government had no wish to become involving, at 7.___least not until wartime when wheat prices threatened to run wild.Anxious to check inflation and rising life costs, the federal 8.___ government appointed a board of grain supervisors to deal2002There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt 'naturally' and unconsciously, and orthography is learnt (1) _____ deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain throughout our lives quite unconscious with what (2)_____our speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often (3) _____ comes as a shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. (4) _____It is not a voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something which we almost always know. We begin the "natural' (5) __________________________________________ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and (6) _____ practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours per every day than we ever have to spend learning even our difficult (7) _____ English spelling. This is 'natural', therefore, that our speech-sounds (8) _____ should be those of our immediate circle; after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding a community and (9)___________________________________________________ giving a sense of 'belonging'. We learn quite early to recognize a 'stranger', someone who speaks with an accent of a different community - perhaps only a few miles far. (10) ____2003 Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwar period were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth rate to a twentieth century height after more than (1) _____a hundred years of a steady decline, producing the boom” . “ baby (2) ______ These young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively large families that went for more than two decades and caused (3) _____a major but temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns.From the 1940s through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high (4) ____ rate and at a younger age than their Europe counterparts. (5) ___Less noted but equally more significant, the men and women (6) ____ who formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced the divorce rate after apostwar peak; their marriages remained intact to a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier as well as later decades. Since the United Statesmaintained its dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world, the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent in Europe.Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner and homemaker was not abandoned. 2004One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U.S Congress is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to committees - either standing committees, special committees set for a spe-(1) _____ cific purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.(2) _____Investigations are held to gather information on the need for future legislation, to test theeffectiveness of laws already passed, to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members andofficials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the (3) _____groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committees rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings (4) ______and to make out detailed studies of issues.(5) _____ There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most committee hearings are open to public and are reported widely in the mass media. Congressional investigationsCongressional committees also have the power to compel testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury these who give false testimony.2005The University as BusinessA number of colleges and universities have announced steep tuitionincreases for next year. Much steeper than the current, very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because of a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing (1) in common stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income;(2) _____ (7) ____(8) ____ (9) ____ (10) ____(6) _____ (7) _____ (8) _____ (9) _____ (10) _____and increasingly the outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those ofbusiness firms. The rise in tuition may reflect the fact economic uncertainty increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in graduate and professional - school tuition); the poor one's job prospects, the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education, in order to make oneself more marketable.The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students a governance role, and eliminate required courses. Sky -high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purely of need, just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best customer.2006We use language primarily as a means of communication with other human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which we live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular message; the English speaker has in his disposal a vocabulary and a set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other English speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses actively and that which he recognizes, increases in size as he grows old as a result of education and experience.But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the system remains no more than a psychological reality for the individual, unless he has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another member of his linguistic community; he has to give the system a concrete transmission form. We take it for granted the two most common forms of transmission -by means of sounds produced by our vocal organs(speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are among most striking of human achievements.(3) _____(4) _____(5) _____(6) _____(7) _____(8) _____(9) _____(2) _________(3) _________(4) _________(5) _________(6) _________(7) _________(8) ________(9) _________(10) _________2007From what has bee n said, it must be clear that no one can make very positive stateme nts about how Ian guage origi nated. There is no material in any Ianguage today and in the earliest records of ancient Ian guages shows us Ian guage in a new and emerg ing state. It is ofte n said, of course, that the Ian guageorigi nated in cries of an ger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the n ecessary(4)_______________________________________________________________________evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remote tribes, no ancient records, providi ng evide nce of a Ian guage with a large proporti on of such cries than we find in English. It is true that the absence of such evide nce does not disprove the theory, but in other grounds too the theory is not veryattractive. People of all races and Ian guages make rather similar noises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that such no ises are similar on the lips of Fren chme n and Malaysia ns, whose Ian guages are utterly differe nt, serves to emphasize on the fun dame ntal differe nce betwee n these no ises and Ian guage proper, We may say that the cries of pain or chortles of amuseme nt are largely reflex actions, in sti nctive to large exte nt, whereas Ian guage proper does not consist of sig ns but of these that have to be learnt and that are wholly conven ti on al.2008The desire to use Ian guage as a sig n of n ati onal ide ntity is a very n atural one, and in result Ian guage has played a prominent part in n ati onal moves. Men have ofte n felt theneed to cultivate a given Ianguage to show that they are distinctive from ano ther race whose hegem ony they rese nt. At the time the United States split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals that in depe ndence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a differe nt Ian guage from those of Britain. There was even one proposal that Ameri-cans should adopt Hebrew. Others favored the adopti on of Greek, though, as one man put it, things would certa inly be simpler for America ns if they stuck on to En glish and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as every one kno ws, the two coun tries adopted the practical and satisfactory soluti on of carry ing with the same Ian guage as before. Si nce n early two hun dred years now, they have show n the world that political independence and national identity can be complete without sacrific ing the eno rmous mutual adva ntages of a com mon Ian guage.(1) __________⑵ __________ ⑺ __________(8) __________(9) _________ (10) __________(1) _______ (2) _______(8) ---------- (9) ______ (10) ----------2009The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes from one schoolchild to the next, and illustrates the further difference between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse, learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the little listener has grown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren. The period between learning a nursery rhymeand transmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be passed on within the very hour it is learnt; and, in the general, it passes between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in age between playmates to be more than five years. If, therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have been currently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it has been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live after so much handling, to let alone that it bears resemblance to the original wording.2010So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally complete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is, every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say the things their speakers want to say.There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or psychology or the cultivation of rice. Whereas this is not the fault of their language. The Eskimos, it is said, can speak about snow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of those sometimes mis-called 'primitive') is inherently more precise and subtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect in English, a show of unexpected'primitiveness'. The position is simply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar environments. The English language will be just as rich in terms for different kinds of snow if the environments in which English was habitually used made such distinctions as important.Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if these topics formed the part of the (2) _________(3) _________(4) _________(5) _________(6) _________(7) _________(8) _________(9) _________(10) _________(1) _____(2) _____(3) _____(4) _____(5) _____(6) _____(7) _____Eskimos' llife.第⼀部分：语法1. a/an /the例⼦：_____ food system must be built up without delay.搭配1: such a+形容词+名词搭配2：so+形容词+a+名词2. 双重所有格例⼦：我碰到了我姐姐的⼀个朋友-I met a friend of my sister.-I met a friend of my sister ' s.3. 物主代词A: I love Hemingway ' s novels becausare the best.B: I love your no vels because yours are the best.4. ⽐较级-⽐较级平衡性-复杂⽐较句型1: It is not so much A as B.句型2：It is less A than B句型2：No sooner had I en tered tha n the teleph one rang.句型3：more than句型4：anything but句型5：nothing but5. 时态（照应、主被动、虚拟语⽓）虚拟语⽓-If+did, I would(might/could)do.-If+had don e, I would have done.-If only I had don e!(I didnt do it)-It is n ecessary/importa nt/urge nt that some measures be take n. -It is time that some measures were take n.-I would rather stay at home./I would rather you stayed at home. -I wish that I could land on the Moon.6. 分词stop doin g/stop to do; remember doin g/remember to do; regret doin g/regret to do -⼏个to doing的表达be used to doing;be accustomed to doing;look forward to doing;stick to doing;object to doing;be committed to现在分词的句⼦构型-名词+do in g+do-句⼦，doing.-句⼦，名词+doi ng.-It is+ 形容词to do something.-It is too 形容词to do7. 定从/同位从/what引导名词化从句/where引导名词化从句8. 强调句第⼆部分：连词1. 句⼦种类-simple sentence-compound sentence （复合句）-complex sentence (复杂句)2. Compound :平⾏-转折： but, however, Neverthelessin fact, actually, rather,-对⽐：I lear n En glish, but she lear ns Fren ch.-not only, but …as well-原因：for-结果：so,(so that), as a result, con seque ntly.Tip:其他因果词汇-ow ing to; due to-tha nks to-As a result of-out of-con tribute (success/failure) to +-owe success to-选择：or/ or so=about:-and的特殊使⽤A few days ' rai n or a wicked storm or twod it will flood.2. Complex sentence:五组关系-让：although/though/even though ( in spite of/despite fact that) -对⽐：while/whereas -时间：while doing , …./when 动词-条件：if/only if/as long as-原因：because/on account of三个词:-until: I did n L leave until six o '直到c k?.….才(就)。
专八改错技巧(精编课件).ppt
4、 介词及固定搭配
a. 介词误用 b. 介词冗余 c. 介词缺失 出现频率极高！
精品课件
a. 介词误用 2008 Others favored the adoption of Greek, though,
as one man put it, things would certainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactory solution of carrying the same language as before. at---in (in the end)
Proofreading and error correction
词法错误
句法错误
语篇错误
精品课件
1.冠词
2.名词
词
3.代词
法
4.介词及固定搭配
错
误
5.形容词和副词的比较结
构
6.情态动词
7.用词混淆
精品课件
1、三类常见冠词错误
a. 冠词误用 b. 冠词冗余 c. 冠词缺失
出现频率较高!!
精品课件
The
去掉the
Language – the language
精品课件
c. 冠词缺失
2007年真题
We may say that the cries of pain or chortles of amusement are largely reflex actions, instinctive to large extent, whereas language proper does not consist of signs but of these that have to be learnt and that are wholly conventional.
专八改错技巧解读
2003
From the 1940s through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a younger age than their Europe counterparts.
high---higher
6、情态动词
In social situations, the classic Intention Movement is “the chair-grasp” （抓板凳）. Host and guest have been talking for some time, but now the host has an appointment to keep and can get away.
The
去掉the
Language – the language
c. 冠词缺失
2007年真题
We may say that the cries of pain or chortles of amusement are largely reflex actions, instinctive to large extent, whereas language proper does not consist of signs but of these that have to be learnt and that are wholly conventional.
interests---interest
3、两类常见代词错误
a. 代词误用 b. 代词冗余 出现频率较高
a. 代词误用
2009
In nursery lore a verse, learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the little listener has grown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren. The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years.
(建议收藏)英语专业八级阅读听力改错答题方法总结
英语专业八级阅读、听力、改错答题技巧总结英语专业八级(TEM8)阅读理解题的考试时间是45分钟，有选择题和简答题这两种题型，共22道题，共计30分。
答题步骤建议考生在做阅读题时，按照以下步骤来作答：一、通读题目(包括同一篇文章对应的选择题及简答题)，标出每题的关键词。
要留意实词、数字、年份以及专有名词等。
二、带着关键词浏览文章，并定位答题关键处。
三、重点阅读答题关键处，分析得出答案。
同一篇文章的两部分题目要一起做。
5大高分策略阅读理解题在整个考试中所占比重相当大，该部分的得分直接影响到整个考试的成败，考生要予以足够的重视。
学会以下5大策略，争取高分拿下专四专八阅读理解题：一、阅读技巧，提高阅读效率1. 略读(skimming)略读，顾名思义，不需要仔细阅读全文的每一个词，而是要选择性地阅读。
略读的主要作用是了解文章大意(main idea)。
通过略读，能大大地提高阅读速度，也能获得大量的信息。
虽然大部分读者不需要正规的训练和指导就可以进行略读，但是有意识的训练有助于大大地提高略读速度和效率。
进行略读训练最简单的方法就是强迫自己在规定的时间内读完某一篇文章，在不断训练的过程中把规定的时间逐渐缩短。
略读时要高度集中注意力，努力捕捉那些能引起你注意或者你认为重要的内容。
2. 扫读(scanning)扫读，指以最快的速度扫视所读材料，在找到所需信息时才仔细阅读相关内容。
查找某个人名、地名、时间、地点等，也即在寻找特定信息、具体事实或答题所需内容时，可用这种方法。
3. 研读(study reading)研读，指仔细阅读，深刻透彻地理解所读内容。
根据考题，运用上下文、逻辑关系、背景知识进行判断和推论。
对难句的理解和翻译就要采用这种方法。
二、扩大词汇量，提高阅读速度词汇量的大小会影响到阅读理解能力，词汇量越大，阅读得越广，视野就越开阔，阅读理解的得分就越高。
多读是扩大词汇量的最好方法。
不仅要读不同体裁的书和文章，还要多接触不同题材，才能适应考试的需要。
专八考试改错部分应试技巧
专八考试改错部分应试技巧校对与改错（Proofreading and Error Correction）是英语专业学生高年级考试（TEM-8）的一个部分。
该项目采用主观测试题型，包含两个部分：答题要求和一篇要求修改的短文。
答题要求部分说明修改短文的三种方法：加入、删去和改动某一单词，并举例说明。
要求修改的短文长度为200字左右。
短文的体裁和题材不超出学生所熟悉的范围。
短文内含10个错误；错误都出现在标有题号的行内。
错误一般涉及单个词；每行只出现一个错误。
要求修改的单词既有功能词（如介词、冠词等），也有实义词（动词、名词等）。
错误既涉及句内也涉及句际。
校对与改错部分的测试目的是检查学生在实际语境中灵活运用语言的能力。
该项目考查学生的语法和词汇知识，但更侧重评估学生的综合语言能力。
校对改错部分要求学生在15分钟内找出10个错误，并根据要求用三种方法之一改正错误。
这一部分要求考生掌握三种知识： 1.语法知识众所周知，英语语言能力包括众多因素，其中之一是语法知识。
没有系统的语法知识，学习者就很难全面、准确地以口头或书面的形式表达思维或意念。
对于把英语作为外语的学生来说，语法知识的掌握尤为重要，因为它有助于提高语言的准确性、逻辑性。
鉴于此，校对改错项目的一个测试点是检验高年级学生语法知识的掌握程度及其运用能力。
一般地说，该项目中要求改正的错误里包括一些语法错误。
校对改错项目要求学生运用已学过的语法知识，来判断句子的正误，找出语病，并作修正。
这里要强调的一点是，TEM-8考试的这个项目不是孤立地测试学生的语法知识；它更偏重学生运用语法知识的能力，即怎样把书本知识转化成实际能力。
因此，对于学生来说，在平时一要巩固已学过的语法知识，理清概念；二要注重提高运用语言知识解决具体问题的能力。
2.词汇与搭配校对改错项目的另一测试点是学生对常用词汇、搭配和用法的了解及运用。
比如：外层空间应为outer space，而不是out space，做动作应为perform an act，而不是make an act，姿式应为posture，而不是post，站起来应为 get to their feet，而不是get on their feet，等等。
英语专八改错技巧skills for proof-reading
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3、逐句分析，找出隐含的错误
短文改错题中一个较长的句子可 能被分成两行或三行，因此不能只看 35 一行，而应分析整个句子，找出词法 或语法结构中的错误并逐一改正。
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4、从上下文逻辑关系入手，仔细推 敲
有的错误从语法结构上看是正确的，但通 过上下文联系起来看，就会发现错误。
6
Perhaps you could come during the winter holidays. Mr. Smith will also g---o-- back for Christmas. _co_m_e_
۸ vaegroyomd uocnhe.anTdher-ie-r-aw--d---os-r-i-dt-
to the class. All said the story was 9. _re_a_d were a great encouragement to me.10.w_ords
h
2
一、基本步骤
4.It was about noon when we arrived at the
foot of the mountain. The three of _th_e_m_ were excited. ［NMET2002］ _u_s__
h
14
（三）动词的错误主要在时态、语态、
主谓一致和非谓语形式
1、During the World Cup in 2002, my dad s_t_a_ys up late just to watch his favorite sport. ［2005年浙江卷］st_a_y_e_d
9
2001-2005高考 短文改错错题考点分布统计表
专八proofreading
拼写错误
检查单词拼写是否正确，注意同音 异义词和形近词。
标点符号错误
注意逗号、句号、分号等的使用是 否得当。
03
02
语法错误
检查句子结构、时态、语态、主谓 一致等是否正确。
语义不明
检查句子是否有歧义或模糊不清的 表达。
04
修改和纠正错误的方法
使用词典和语法书
遇到不确定的单词或语法问题时，查阅权威 的词典和语法书。
CHAPTER
定义与重要性
定义
专八proofreading是指英语专业八级 考试中的校对与改错部分，主要考察 考生对英语文本的纠错能力。
重要性
专八proofreading是英语专业八级考 试的重要组成部分，占总分的10%。 通过校对与改错题型的训练，考生能 够提高英语文本的纠错能力，增强英 语语言运用的准确性。
语境理解
结合上下文理解句子含义，判断是否存在语 义上的错误。
重新表述
如果一个句子有多种表达方式，尝试用不同 的方式表达，以确定哪种表达更准确。
请教他人
如果自己无法确定某个表达是否正确，可以 请教英语教师或母语为英语的朋友。
提高语言准确性和表达流畅性的技巧
多读多写
通过大量的阅读和写作练习，提高对语言的敏感度和表达能力。
通过练习题巩固所学知识，熟悉 考试题型和难和理解能力
通过大量阅读英文文献和新闻，提高阅读速度和理解能力，培养 语感。
练习写作技巧
学习写作技巧，如文章结构、段落组织、语言表达等，多写多练， 不断改进。
模拟考试与反馈
参加模拟考试，了解自己的备考情况，及时调整学习策略，获取专 业指导与反馈。
专八proofreading
目录
英语专业专八改错 Proof-reading
•
While more people than ever before are learning foreign languages in public and private institutions, there are three striking sources of inefficiency in modern teaching. • (1) First, language provides a means of saying and doing (1) • (2) things, teaching is generally being divorced from (2)
• (3) the use we make of language. We teach for an unapplied (3) • (4) system, rather than teach students directly to do (4) • (5) things that they need to do through language. Second, (5) • (6) language is a social tool used by thinking of social (6) • (7) individuals. Hence we teach students to do and say (7)
Practice 3 proof reading
• Most people seem to need about eight hours' sleep a day, • (1) curious and disturbing things begin to happen when (1) • (2) the ratio is induced. The fact that sleep is (2) • (3) essential to life has known for hundreds of years. (3)
专八改错惯用法(proofreading)Collocation
1.V + to doing …
admit 承认 amount 相当于 apply 适用于 confess 承认 contribute 有助于 descend 竟做出 fall 开始 own 承认 resort 求助 sink 堕落到 stoop 堕落到；降低身份； see 留神 submit 忍受 switch 变换为 take 开始做 testify 证明 witness 作证 Example He admitted to having taken the money. To cheat in examinations amounts to cheating yourself. The new rules apply to playing football. He has confessed to loving her. It contributed to saving our lives. I never thought he would descend to abusing his former colleagues in public. The two boys fell to fighting at last. , He owns to having been defeated He resorted to stealing when he had no more money. I never thought he would sink to cheating in the examination. I wouldn't stoop to borrowing money. See to turning off the light when you leave. I have to submit to being parted from you. Let's switch to dealing with weather problems. They have taken to learning French.
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(一）区别名词的可数和不可数
1、On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so _______ pictures beautiful.［NMET 2002］ ____ 2、…，but after class we become stranger ______ at once.［2004全国卷］ ____ strangers 3、There are advantage ______ for students to work while studying at school. advantages ［2005年全国卷］ ____
5、复读全文，核查答案
做完短文改错题应该再通读全文，以核 查答案的准确性。看改后的文章是否有语 法错误，是否符合英语习惯等，进行综合 判断与考虑，以求答案的正确
2001-2005高考短文改错 题材及体裁统计表
年份\项目 内容要点 体裁
NMET2001
NMET2002 NMET2003 2004福建
时态一致错误主要出现于主从复合句中
1、One of them was that they ___ can earn money.［2005全国卷］ could ____ 2.I get a good education. They ___ did not want me to do anything at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies ［NMET2000］ ____ do 3.I was busy taking pictures…The time passes ___ quickly. Evening came. ［NMET 2002］ ____ passed
副 词 0 1 0 1 2
代 词 0 1 3 0 1
冠 词 1 1 1 1 1
介 词 1 2 词类 二.形容词.副词和代词类 三.介词.连词和冠词 四.小品类词
一、名词和动词类
（一）区别名词的可数和不可数 （二）名词和代词在使用时，其单复数形式 往往要前后对照，保持数和格的一致 （三）动词的错误主要在时态、语态、主谓 一致和非谓语形式
------
一、基本步骤
1、通读全文，了解大意
很多同学在做题时习惯一开始就急每行中找错误，结果往往不仅 10 没有找出错误，反而又犯了新错。短文改错这一题型不只是单纯 地考查改正句法、词法等语法错误，而是在改错的同时考查学生 的阅读能力。因此必须先通读全文，在了解全文的前提下答题。
2、初步判断，找出明显的错误
___ them to 5、Earning their money allow
allows spend…［2005全国Ⅰ.Ⅱ］ ____ 6.Losing ___ in thought, he almost ran into a car Lost in front of him ____ 7.When speaking , you must make yourself hear. ____ ___ heard 8.I managed to catch the train. But when I ___ got to the station. The train had left. tried ____
二、形容词、副词和代词类
___ 1、I would describe myself as shy and quietly. ［2004全国卷］quiet ____ 2、I live in Beijing, where ___ is the capital of China. ［NMET 1997］which ____ 3、…as I was learning to express __ me in simple English. ［NMET 2003］ myself ____ ___ as long as I watch it 4、Football is not too badly with my dad! ［2005年浙江卷］ bad ____ 5、You are very ____ ____ more beautiful than before.much \ 6The film is very ____ \ wonderful. very \ 7.We are trying to improve better \ our living better condition. ____ \ 9.Would you please repeat again \ what you said just now.again ____ \
35
4、从上下文逻辑关系入手，仔细推 敲
6
有的错误从语法结构上看是正确的，但通 过上下文联系起来看，就会发现错误。 Perhaps you could come during the winter holidays. Mr. Smith will also come go ____ ----- back for Christmas.
6
6 6
2
1 1
1
2 2
1
1 1
2001-2005高考 短文改错错题考点分布统计表
项目
年份
NMET 01 NMET 02 NMET 03 NMET 04福建 NMET 05福建
动词
时态 情态 非谓 语
名 词 2 1 1 0 1
1 2 2 3 2
1 0 1 1 0
连 接 词 2 1 0 1 1
形 容 词 1 0 0 1 1
主谓语人称和数的一致是一个非常重 要的语法问题，应根据不同的人称和数 选择不同的动词形式
_ hanging 1、Now my picture and the prize is in the library. ［NMET 2002］ ____ are 2、Everyone else, besides his father and ___ excited. ____ was mother, were 3.One evening she told me that something happened when her parents ___ was out. were (2004福建） ____
英语中的修饰成分各有各的特点：一般 是形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词，在系 动词后形容词作表语。 应区别是形容词还是副词； 分辨代词的主格、宾格、所有格和反身代 词形式，形容词性物主代词和名词性物主 代词
三、介词、连词和冠词类
1、…and my dad explained for \ the rules. for \ ［2005浙江卷］ ____ 2、…but we do not seem to get much time to talk about \ together.［NMET 2001］ ____ about \ 3、They would have to ask their parents for money or for permission to do things by _ the money.［2005全国卷］ with ____ 4、We invited him to go with us ___ and he refused. ____ but 5、It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor ___ and a guest［NMET 2001］ ____ or
（三）动词的错误主要在时态、语态、 主谓一致和非谓语形式
1、During the World Cup in 2002, my dad ___ up late just to watch his favorite stays stayed sport. ［2005年浙江卷］ ____ 2、She liked it very much and reads ___ it to the class.［NMET 2003］read ____ ___ near the 3、Charles and Linda were seeing top of the building.［NMET 1993］ seen ____ 4、For the most part, students working ___ to earn money for their own use.［2005年全 国卷］ work ____
2
有些错误比较明显，阅读后容易找出。 例如 Tomorrow they will visit _ a American family. an ____
3、逐句分析，找出隐含的错误
短文改错题中一个较长的句子可 能被分成两行或三行，因此不能只看 一行，而应分析整个句子，找出词法 或语法结构中的错误并逐一改正。
独生女的烦恼 记叙文
游览峨嵋山 记叙文
学写英语作文 记叙文 叙述朋友的一 记叙文 件事 告别辞 书信体
2005福建
2001-2005高考 短文改错设疑方式统计表
年份 NMET20 01 NMET20 02 NMET20 03 2004福 建 2005福 建 错词 6 5 多词 2 2 缺词 1 2 正确 1 1
短文改错导与练
通过下面一例题来归纳解题的基本步骤 ［NMET 2003］
√ When I first learned to write in English, I ran into many 1.___ difficulties. The main problem was in \ that I always thought 2.___ in \ in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. 3____ everything ---------My teacher advised me to keep my a ---- diary, I followed her 4.___ advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. 5.___ should \ \ Soon I began to enjoy -----talk to myself on paper as I was 6___ talking learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote 7. ___ myself ----a little story and showed to my teacher. She liked it 8. it __ ۸ very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was 9. ___ read -----a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me.10. _ words