语言学教程第四版 练习 第一章

Chapter One Introduction to Linguistics

I. Mark the choice that best completes the statement.

1.All languages’ have three major components: a sound system ,a system of___and a system of semantics.

A. morphology

B. lexicogrammar

C. syntax

D. meaning

2.Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary?

A.tree

B.typewriter

C.bowwow

D.bang

3.The function of the sentence Water boils at 100 degrees Centigrade is ___.

A.interpersonal

B.emotive

rmative

D.performative

4.In Chinese when someone breaks a bowl or a plate the host or the people present are likely to say 碎碎（岁岁）平安as a means of controlling the forces which they believe might affect their lives. Which function does it perform?

A.interpersonal

B.emotive

rmative

D.performative

5.Which of the following property of language enables language users to overcome the barriers caused by time and place of speaking (due to this feature of language, speakers of a language are free to talk about anything in any situation)?

A. Transferability

B. Duality

C. Displacement

D. Arbitrariness

6. What language function does the following conversation play?(The two chatters just met and were starting their conversation by the following dialogue.)

A：A nice day, isn’t it?

B : Right! I really enjoy the sunlight.

A.Emotive

B. Phatic

C. Performative

D. Interpersonal

7.------- refers to the actual realization of the ideal language user’s knowledge of the rules of his language in utterances.

A.Performative

petence

C. Langue

D. Parole

8.When a dog is barking, you assume it is barking for something or at someone that exists here and now. It couldn’t be sorrowful for some lost love or lost bone.This indicates that dog’s language does not have the feature of --------- .

A. Reference

B. Productivity

C. Displacement

D.Duality

9.--------- answers such questions as we as infants acquire our first language.

A. Psycholinguistics

B. Anthropological linguistics

C. Sociolinguistics

D. Applied linguistics

10.-------- deals with the study of dialects in different social classes in a particular region.

A. Linguistic theory

B. Practical linguistics

C. Sociolinguistics

D. Comparative linguistics

II. M ark the following statements with “T” if they are true or “F” if they are false.(10%)

1. The widely accepted meaning of arbitrariness was discussed by Chomsky first.

2. For learners of a foreign language, it is arbitrariness that is more worth noticing than its conventionality.

3. Displacement benefits human beings by giving them the power to handle