高考英语完形填空说题稿
高考英语 完形填空 讲解 10篇 (含答案)
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完形填空完形填空是一种旨在测试学生英语语言综合运用能力的填空补缺式障碍性阅读。
它以语篇信息为基础,以中心脉络为主线给学生提供解题信息。
主要考查学生的英语基础知识和语言运用能力,包括词汇辨析能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。
是一种集知识和能力于一体,立意新、要求高的综合性语言测试题。
同时也是高考试题中要求最高、难度最大的一种题型。
近年来,高考完形填空在体裁上以记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主,有时也会出现说明文和议论文。
记叙文类完形填空是高考中出现频率很高的一类,是高考完形填空中的重要体裁。
记叙文是记人、叙事、写景、状物的文章,有其鲜明的特点。
这些特点构成了记叙文写作的基本要素,例如时间、地点、事件的发展、高潮和结局。
记叙文完形填空素材的选择通常会注重语言材料的思想性、知识性和时代性,语言材料会突出对情感态度、文化意识的渗透,突出其“励志性”和“教育性”,反映主流价值观,彰显正能量。
夹叙夹议类完形填空是近几年高考经常涉及的一类体裁。
这类完形填空的特点是篇幅略长,思路跳跃性强。
记叙和议论在文中交错运用。
有的是以议论引出记叙;有的是在记叙的基础上发表议论。
夹叙夹议文的主题明确,或告诉读者一个道理,或引人思考,或给人乐趣。
夹叙夹议文完形填空突出考查考生对语言的整体理解能力、把握主题的能力、微语境的识别能力、逻辑推理判断能力及对语言的感悟能力。
一般来说,文章记叙的内容积极向上、情节曲折动人、富有知识性和趣味性;文章的议论部分是记叙的升华,兼具教育性和启发性。
这类完形填空重在描述事件或描写人物,因此要完成此类完形填空需要掌握以下几个基本的解题思路:1.了解作者所叙述的故事的四大要素,即:时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、原因(why),以便对文章进行定位,达到全景化理解故事的目的。
2.注意作者写作的逻辑顺序。
根据故事的不同特点,作者在写作时会采用不同的叙述方式。
有顺叙、倒叙和插叙三种方式。
高二下学期英语完形填空并附高考完形3篇
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Unit17 完形填空Every four years, mentally disabled athletes come together to take part in the Special Olympics which has now involved 1 sports. Just like the 2 Olympic Games, the 3 are surrounded by grand ceremony and the competition is fierce, 4 there is also a strong 5 of unity and friendship. Each athlete 6 to train for many years and overcome fear and hardships to reach the games. For many of the special Olympic athletes, simply 7 in the games is a victory. Winning is not about being the first one across the finish line or 8 the most goals, but it is about being the best you 9 .Athletes at the Special Olympic are fighters in 10 one way. Living with a mental disability is perhaps the most difficult 11 a human being can face in life. The disability makes everyday life difficult and society often 12 to treat the mentally disabled with 13 and respect. 14 , we have now realized that there is much 15 can be done to help. The Special Olympics is one example of 16 society can improve the quality of life for all its citizens.The first Special Olympics was held in Chicago in 17 . One thousand participants from Canada and the United States competed in three events. At the 2003 Special Olympics in Ireland, more than 6,500 athletes form over 150 countries 18 and the number of different sports increased to seven times as it was at the beginning. Interest in the Special Olympics has spread across the world and cities are now 19 for the honor to host the event. In 2007, the fortieth Special Olympics will 20 in Shanghai. Athletes, their friends, parents and the audience will be proud to welcome Special Olympics to China.1. A. about 10 B. about 15 C. about 20 D. about 302. A. regular B. old C. Special D. new3. A. games B. events C. competitions D. athletes4. A. and B. but C. so D. \5. A. idea B. opinion C. feeling D. sense6. A. has had B. had C. has D. who has7. A. to take part B. taking part C. participate D. join8. A. scoring B. kicking C. to get D. make9. A. are B. want to C. should be D. can be10. A. no more than B. more thanC. onlyD. other11. A. challenge B. challenging C. challenges D. challenged12. A. fails B. failing C. failed D. to fail13. A. honor B. love C. sympathy D. dignity14. A. Fortunately B. Sadly C. publicly D. Recently15. A. that B. which C. what D. they16. A. why B. how C. what D. if17. A. 1886 B. 1932 C. 1895 D. 196818. A. took part B. joined in C. participated in D. attended19. A. searching B. applying C. competing D. voting20. A. take place B. hold C. be holding D. happen2005高考英语辽宁卷Scott and his companions were terribly disappointed. When they got to the South Pole, they found the Norwegians(挪威人)had 36 them in the race to be the first ever to reach it. After 37 the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves 38 they started the 950-mile journey back.The journey was unexpectedly 39 and the joy and excitement about the Pole had gone out of them. The sun hardly 40 . The snow storms always made it impossible to sight the stones they had 41 to mark their way home. To make things 42 . Evans, whom they had all thought of 43 the strongest of the five, fell , badly into a deep hole in the ice. Having 44 along for several days, he suddenly fell down and died.The four who were 45 pushed on at the best speed they could 46 . Captain Oates had been suffering for some time from his 47 fact; at night his feet swelled(肿胀)so large that he could 48 put his boots on the next morning, and he walked bravely although he was in great 49 . He knew his slowness was making it less likely that 50 could save themselves. He asked them to leave him behind in his sleeping-bag, but they refused, and helped him 51 a few more miles, until it was time to put up the 52 for another night.The following morning, 53 the other three were still in their sleeping-bags, he said. “I am just going outside and may be 54 some time.” He was never seen again. He had walked out 55 into the snow storm, hoping that his death would help his companions.36.A.hit B.fought C.won D.beaten37.A.growing B.putting C.planting D.laying38.A.after B.until C.while D.before39.A.safe B.fast C.short D.slow40.A.rose B.set C.appeared D.disappeared 41.A.taken up B.cut up C.set up D.picked up 42.A.easier B.better C.bitter D.worse43.A.to B.upon C.as D.in44.A.battled B.struggled C.speeded D.waited45.A.left B.lost C.defeated D.saved46.A.manage B.try C.employ D.find47.A.ached B.frozen C.harden D.harmed48.A.hardly B.never C.seldom D.nearly49.A.pain B.fear C.trouble D.danger50.A.all others B.some others C.others D.the others 51.A.away B.with C.off D.on52.A.bed B.tent C.blanket D.sleeping-bag 53.A.while B.since C.for D.once54.A.missed B.separated C.passed D.gone55.A.patiently B.lonely C.alone D.worriedly2005高考英语(湖北卷)You are near the front line of a battle .Around you shells are exploding ;people are shooting from a house behind you .What are you doing there? You aren’t a soldier .You aren’t36 carrying agun .You’re standing in front of a37 and you’re telling the TV38 what is happening.It’s all in a day’s work for a war reporter ,and it can be very 39 .In the first two years of the 40 in former Yugoslavia(前南斯拉夫),28 reporters and photographers were killed .Hundreds more were 41 .What kind of people put themselves in danger to 42 pictures to our TV screens and 43 to our newspapers? Why do they do it ?“I think it’s every young journalist’s44 to be a foreign reporter,” says Michael Nicholson, “that’s45 you find the excitement .So when the first opportunity comes ,you take it 46 it is a war.”But there are moments of 47 . Jeremy Bowen says, “Yes ,when you’re lying on the ground and bullets (子弹)are flying 48 your ears ,you think: ‘What am I doing here? I’m not going to do this again.’ But that feeling49 after a while and when the next war starts , you’ll be 50 .”“None of us believes that we’re going to51 ,” adds Michael .But he always52 a lucky charm(护身符)with him .It was given to him by his wife for his first war .It’s a card which says “Take care of yourself.” Does he ever think about dying?“Oh,53 ,and every time it happens you look to the sky and say to God, ‘If you get me out of this ,I54 I’ll never do it again.’ You can almost hear God 55 ,because you know he doesn’t believe you .”36.A.simply B.really C.merely D.even37.A.crowd B.house C.battlefield D.camera 38.A.producers B.viewers C.directors D.actors 39.A.dangerous B.exciting C.normal D.disappointing 40.A.stay B.fight C.war D.life41.A.injured B.buried C.defeated D.saved42.A.bring B.show C.take D.make43.A.scenes B.passages C.stories D.contents44.A.belief B.dream C.duty D.faith45.A.why B.what C.how D.where46.A.even so B.ever since C.as if D.even if47.A.fear B.surprise C.shame D.sadness48.A.into B.around C.past D.through49.A.returns B.goes C.continues D.occurs50.A.there B.away C.out D.home51.A.leave B.escape C.die D.remain52.A.hangs B.wears C.holds D.carries53.A.never B.many times C.some time D.seldom 54.A.consider B.accept C.promise D.guess 55.A.whispering B.laughing C.screaming D.crying2005高考英语(湖南卷)When I was thirteen, my family moved from Boston to Tucson, Arizona. 36 the move, my father 37 us in the living-room on a freezing January night. My sisters and I sat around the fire, not 38 that the universe would suddenly change its course. "In May, we're 39 to Arizona." The words, so small, didn't seem 40 enough to hold my new life. But the world changed and I awoke on a tram moving across the country. I watched the 41_ change from green trees to flatdusty plains to high mountains as I saw strange new plants that 42 mysteries(奥秘) yet to come. Finally, we arrived and 43 into own new home.44 my older sisters were sad at the loss of friends, I 45 explored(探索) ournew surroundings.One afternoon, I was out exploring 46 and saw a new kind of cactus(仙人掌). I crouched (蹲) down for a closer look. "You'd better not 47 that."I turned around to see an old woman"Are you new lo this neighborhood?" I explained that I was, 48 , new to the entire state. "My name is Ina Thorne. Have you got used to life in the 49 ? It must be quite a _50 after living in Boston."How could I explain how I 51 the desert? I couldn't seem to find the right words."It's vastness," she offered. “That vastness52 you stand on the mountains overlooking the desert -- you can 53 how little you are in comparison with the world. _54 , you feel that the possibilities are limitless.”That was it. That was the feeling I'd bad ever since I'd first seen the mountains of my new home. Again, my 55 would change with just a few simple words."Would you like to come to my home tomorrow? Someone should teach you which plant you should and shouldn't touch."36. A. During B. Until C. Upon D. Before37. A. gathered B. warned C. organized D. comforted38. A. hoping B. admitting C. realizing D. believing39. A. going B. moving C. driving D. flying40. A. good B. simple C. big D. proper41 A. picture B. ground C. sense D. area42. A. suggested B. solved C. discovered D.explained43. A. settled B. walked C. hurried D.stepped44. A. If B. After C. once D.While45. A. bitterly B. easily C. proudly D.eagerly46 A as well B. as usual C. fight away D. on time47. A. move B. dig C. pull D. touch48. A. of course B. in fact C. after all D. at least49. A. desert B. city C. state D.country50. A. luck B. doubt C. shock D. danger51. A. found B. examined C. watched D. reached52. A. why B. when C. how D. where53. A. prove B. guess C. sense D. expect54. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Meanwhile55. A. idea B. life C. home D. familyKey : 1~5 CABBD 6~10 ABADB 11~15AADAA 16~20BDAC辽宁卷:36—40 DCDDC 41—45 CDCBA 46—50 ABAAD 51—55 DBADC湖北:36.D 37.D 38.B 39.A 40.C 41.A 42.A 43.C 44.B 45.D 46.D 47.A 48.C 49.B 50.A 51.C 52.D 53.B 54.C 55.B湖南:36-40 DACBC 41-45 CAADD 46-50 BDBAC 51-55 ABCDB沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>北国风光,千里冰封,万里雪飘。
高中英语完形填空英文说课稿范文
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高中英语完形填空英文说课稿范文High School English Cloze Test English Lesson Plan SampleThe English cloze test is a widely used assessment tool in high school English classrooms. It evaluates students' reading comprehension, vocabulary knowledge, and ability to fill in the blanks with appropriate words. Designing an effective cloze test lesson plan requires careful planning and execution to ensure that students not only learn the content but also develop essential language skills.One of the key objectives of a cloze test lesson plan is to help students understand the context and the overall meaning of the passage. This can be achieved by providing students with pre-reading activities that introduce the topic, activate their prior knowledge, and set the stage for the cloze test. For example, the teacher could start the lesson by asking students to discuss the title of the passage or make predictions about the content based on a few keywords or images.During the cloze test itself, students are required to fill in the blanks with the most suitable words based on their understanding of the passage. The teacher should ensure that the selected words are nottoo easy or too difficult, and that they test a range of language skills, such as vocabulary, grammar, and reading comprehension. The teacher should also provide clear instructions and guidelines to the students, emphasizing the importance of considering the context and the overall meaning of the passage when selecting the answers.After the cloze test, the teacher should engage students in post-reading activities that reinforce the key language skills and concepts covered in the passage. This could include discussion questions, vocabulary exercises, or writing tasks that encourage students to apply their newly acquired knowledge. The teacher should also provide feedback and guidance to help students identify their strengths and weaknesses, and develop strategies for improving their performance on future cloze tests.One effective way to enhance the cloze test lesson plan is to incorporate technology-based resources and tools. For example, the teacher could use interactive whiteboards or online platforms to present the passage and the cloze test questions, and provide immediate feedback and support to students. This can help to engage students and make the learning process more interactive and enjoyable.Another important aspect of a successful cloze test lesson plan is the assessment and evaluation of student learning. The teacher shoulduse a variety of assessment methods, such as formative assessments during the lesson and summative assessments at the end of the unit, to monitor student progress and identify areas for improvement. This can help to ensure that students are not only learning the content but also developing the necessary language skills and strategies to succeed in future cloze test assessments.In conclusion, designing an effective cloze test lesson plan is a critical component of high school English instruction. By focusing on developing students' reading comprehension, vocabulary knowledge, and language skills, teachers can help their students become more confident and successful in tackling cloze test challenges. Through careful planning, engaging activities, and effective assessment strategies, teachers can create a learning environment that fosters students' language development and prepares them for academic success.。
高考英语完形填空(正稿)
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高考英语完形填空满分秘籍完形填空是高考英语试题中的核心题型,能否突破完形填空的解题能力是考生能否在高考中取得优异成绩的关键。
下面从高考完形填空的命题倾向、解题方法、解题技巧三个方面分析高考完形填空,作者衷心希望此文能够真正帮助考生在高考中考出优异成绩。
高考完形填空命题倾向高考英语试题第三部分:英语知识运用第一节(完形填空):共20小题,每小题1.5分。
满分30分。
在一篇250 词左右的短文中留出20 个空白(通常第一句不留空),要求考生从每题所给的4个选择中选出最佳选项,使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
通过对《考试说明》和最近十年的完形填空进行深入的分析可知高考命题特点和倾向:1.文章短,挖空多一般说来,文章越短,挖空密度越大,失去的语言信息就越多,理解文章的难度就越大,解答试题的难度也就相应增加。
2.选材多样化高考选材根据2017年《课程标准》的要求,网络人与自我、人与自然、人与社会三大主题,出现多样化的趋势。
过去以描写性的叙述文体为主,现在应用文、说明文、夹叙夹议、议论文都可能出现。
而且所选短文内容逻辑性强,文章结构严谨,层次分明。
3.保留提示句不挖空高考完形填空都在文章开头保留了一个完整的提示句。
这有助于考生理解文章内容,为考生做好完形填空奠定基础。
4.选择最佳答案完形填空题目下面与一句话:阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后各题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。
这就要求考生在答题时应通篇考虑,掌握大意,综合运用有关知识答题。
这对考生的语篇理解能力提出了较高要求。
5.情景意义选择为主,语法选择极少高考完形填空已没有纯语法选择,只有极少的“语法加意义”选择,即:该小题既有语法排除的内容,又有意义选择的内容。
目前高考完形填空基本上都是情景意义选择,即无需语法知识,而是根据文章内容来确定。
这就要求考生根据文章的整体内容,分层次的结构和内容的逻辑关系,去选择符合文章情景的最佳答案。
6.单词填空为主,短语或词组极少高考完形填空短语或词组填空都在0—3 个。
高中英语说题-完型讲课讲稿
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高中英语说题-完型讲课讲稿大家好,今天我们要一起探讨的是高中英语完型填空题。
完型填空题是一种综合性很强的题型,它不仅考查我们对词汇、语法的掌握,还考查我们的阅读理解能力、逻辑推理能力以及上下文语境的把握能力。
下面,我将从命题特点、解题技巧和实例分析三个方面来进行讲解。
一、命题特点完型填空题的命题形式通常是在一篇短文中挖去若干个单词,然后要求我们根据上下文语境将它们还原。
短文通常是一篇记叙文或议论文,长度在200-300词之间。
挖去的单词主要是实词,包括动词、名词、形容词、副词等,偶尔也会涉及到连词、介词等。
二、解题技巧1.通读全文,了解大意。
在开始答题之前,一定要先通读全文,了解文章的大意和结构。
这样可以为我们后续的解题提供线索和方向。
2.逐句阅读,理解语境。
在通读全文的基础上,我们要逐句阅读,理解每个句子的意思和语境。
尤其是对于那些挖去的单词,我们要尝试从上下文中推断出它们的意义。
3.全面考虑,选择答案。
在理解了语境之后,我们要全面考虑每个选项的可能性,结合上下文进行推理。
有时候,某个选项可能从语法上来说是正确的,但放在语境中却不太合适。
因此,我们要注重整体性和连贯性。
4.复查答案,确保无误。
在完成所有题目之后,我们要再次通读全文,检查答案是否符合上下文语境。
如果有任何不合适的选项,要及时进行修正。
三、实例分析下面我们来看一个具体的例子:I had a ______ with my best friend yesterday. We ______ for a long time before we agreed on the date of the meeting.A. discussionB. argumentC. disagreementD. fight这道题目考查的是名词辨析和语境理解。
首先,根据第一句话中的“had a ______ with my best friend yesterday”可以推断出我和我的朋友之间可能发生了不愉快的事情。
超实用高考英语复习:完形填空说题课件
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But on the last night we were 50 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to 51 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 52 part of my tent.
36. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
37. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
38. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared
D. excited
一、命题立意以及能力说明
此文本是2021年1月浙江高考完形填空,选材贴近生活现实,主要讲述了作者 参加志愿者活动,帮忙用岩石建造楼梯,学会要勇敢面对人生中的困难的故事。 本文落实了立德树人根本任务,进一步促进学生英语学科核心素养。
本题具有适当的难度和必要的区分度。考查考生在一定的语言环境中综合运用 语言知识的能力。包括: 1) 词语辨析能力 2) 语法结构分析能力 3) 语篇理解能力 4) 逻辑推理能力 5) 文化背景透析能力 6) 作者意图剖析能力 7) 生活常识综合运用能力
完型填空---全国卷说题稿
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试题扩展
• • • • 1.Where did the story happen? 2.Why was the old man in a hurry? 3.Did his wife recognize him? 4.What can you learn from the passage?
试题扩展
涉及的主要知识点
• 知识点涉及全面,主要在结合上下文具体 语境的基础上考查了: • 1.动词和动词短语(如37,39,41,42, 47,51,54) • 2.名词(如36,43,50,52,55) • 3.连词(如38) • 4.形容词和副词(40,44,46,49,53) • 5.分词(45,48)
B. test
C. seat
D.
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B. promising C. understanding D. telling B. before C. since D. after B. fixing C. looking at D. winding B. also C. seldom D. not B. show off C. come on D. go away B. forgot C. agreed D. happened B. wife C. mother D. sister B. well C. around D. there B. worried C. doubtful D. hungry B. neither C. no longer D. already B. answer C. believe D. expect B. disappointed C. surprised D.
说题流程
• • • • 1.命题立意及能力水平考查 2.涉及的主要知识点 3.如何讲解及指导考生解答 4.试题变式及扩展
高中英语演讲稿格式完形填空题20题答案解析版
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高中英语演讲稿格式完形填空题20题答案解析版1English speech is of great significance. It can help us improve our language skills and boost our confidence. An English speech is like a window to the world. It allows us to express our thoughts and ideas in a foreign language. In an English speech competition, we can show our talents and abilities. We can also learn from others and improve ourselves.1. An English speech is like ___ window to the world.A. aB. anC. theD. /答案:A。
这里表示“一个窗户”,用不定冠词,window 是以辅音音素开头,所以用a。
B 选项an 用于元音音素开头的单词前;C 选项the 表示特指;D 选项不符合语法规则。
2. In ___ English speech competition, we can show our talents and abilities.A. aB. anC. theD. /答案:B。
这里表示“一场英语演讲比赛”,用不定冠词,English 是以元音音素开头,所以用an。
A 选项a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前;C 选项the 表示特指;D 选项不符合语法规则。
3. An English speech is of great significance ___ us.A. toB. forC. withD. at答案:B。
be of significance for sb.对某人有意义,是固定搭配。
完形填空(高考题)讲课稿
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(一)2012年全国卷一Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 1 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 2 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication(非言语交际) takes up about 50% of what we really 3 , And body language is particularly 4 when we attempt to communicate across cultures(文化).Indeed, what is called body language is so 5 a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it . 6 , different societies treat the 7 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 8 contact(接触)even with friends, and certainly not with 9 . People from Latin American countries 10 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in 11 . it may look like a Latino is 12 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 13 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 14 - which the Latino will in return regard as 15 .Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 16 .And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 17 cultures, there's a strong possibility of 18 . But whatever the situation, the best 19 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 20 .1. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D.further2. A. sounds B. invitations C. feelings D.messages3. A. hope B. receive C. discover D.mean4. A. immediate B. misleading C. important D.difficult5. A. well B. far C. much D.long6. A. For example B. Thus C. However D. Inshort7. A. trade B. distance C. connections D.greetings8. A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D.telephone9. A. strangers B. relatives C. neighbours D.enemies10. A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. byall means11. A. trouble B. conversation C. silence D.experiment12. A. disturbing B. helping C. guiding D.following13. A. closer B. faster C. in D.away14. A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D.coming out15. A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D.coldness16. A. talk B. travel C. laugh D.think17. A. different B. European C. Latino D.rich18. A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D.nervousness19. A. chance B. time C. result D.advice20. A. noticed B. treated C. respected D.pleased(二)2012年全国卷二Around twenty years ago I was living in York. 1 I had a lot of experience and a Master’s degree, I could not find 2 work.I was 3 a school bus to make ends meet and 4 with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat. I had 5 five interviews (面试) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not 6 the job. “Why has my life become so 7 ?” I thought painf ully.As I pulled the bus over to 8 a little girl, she handed me an earning 9 I should keep it 10 somebody claimed (认领) it. The earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”.At first I got angry. Then it 11 me – I had been giving all of my 12 to what was going wrong with my 13 rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a 14 of fifty things I was happy with. Later, I decided to 15 more things to the list. That night there was a phone call for 16 from a lady who was a director at a large 17 . She asked me if I would 18 a one-day lecture on stress (压力) management to 200 medical workers. I said yes.My 19 there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid job. To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of 20 that I completely changed my life.1. A. As B. Though C. If D. When2. A. successful B. extra C. satisfying D.convenient3. A. driving B. repairing C. taking D.designing4. A. working B. travelling C. discussing D. living5. A. prepared for B. attended C. asked for D. held6. A. lose B. like C. find D. get7. A. hard B. busy C. serious D. short8. A. wave at B. drop off C. call on D. look for9. A. ordering B. promising C. saying D.showing10. A. in case B. or else C. as if D. nowthat11. A. hurt B. hit C. caught D. moved12. A. feelings B. attention C. strength D.interests13. A. opinions B. education C. experiences D. life14. A. list B. book C. check D. copy15. A. connect B. turn C. keep D. add16. A. her B. a passenger C. me D. myfriend17. A. hospital B. factory C. restaurant D. hotel18. A. listen to B. review C. give D. talkabout19. A. plan B. choice C. day D. tour20. A. operation B. speaking C. employment D.thinking(三) 2012年课标全国卷Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 1 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 2 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication(非言语交际) takes up about 50% of what we really 3 , And body language is particularly 4 when we attempt to communicate across cultures(文化).Indeed, what is called body language is so 5 a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it . 6 , different societies treat the 7 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 8 contact(接触)even with friends, and certainly not with 9 . People from Latin American countries 10 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in 11 . it may look like a Latino is 12 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 13 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 14 - which the Latino will in return regard as 15 .Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 16 .And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 17 cultures, there's a strong possibility of 18 . But whatever the situation, the best 19 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 20 .1. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further2. A. sounds B. invitations C. feelings D. messages3. A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean4. A. immediate B. misleading C. important D. difficult5. A. well B. far C. much D. long6. A. For example B. Thus C. However D. In short7. A. trade B. distance C. connections D. greetings8. A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D. telephone9. A. strangers B. relatives C. neighbours D. enemies10. A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. by allmeans11. A. trouble B. conversation C. silence D.experiment12. A. disturbing B. helping C. guiding D. following13. A. closer B. faster C. in D. away14. A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D. comingout15. A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. coldness16. A. talk B. travel C. laugh D. think17. A. different B. European C. Latino D. rich18. A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D.nervousness19. A. chance B. time C. result D. advice20. A. noticed B. treated C. respected D. pleased(四)2013年高考英语新课标I卷完形填空真题第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
word完整版英语高考完形填空说明文原卷版
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第二部分语言知识运用精做 08 完形填空说明文说明文常常环绕一个问题从不一样的侧面来加以说明,往常结构谨慎,句子结构复杂,所以也是高考完形填空题中较难理解的一种文体。
其主要特色为:1.开头点题在说明文类的完形填空中,作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象,这是掌握说明细节的前提。
2.结构清楚说明文一般按必定的次序睁开。
理清文章的说明次序,关于正确掌握文意和上下文的逻辑关系,选择正确答案拥有重要意义。
3.难度较大说明文常常采纳比较正式的文体,表述正确谨慎,生词术语许多,句子较长,结构较为复杂。
4.遣辞用字精练说明文一般采纳精练的语言,按必定的方法介绍事物的类型、性质、特色、结构、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及其规律。
5.条理清楚说明文十分讲究条理性,一般采纳时间次序、空间次序、逻辑次序或认知次序来说明事物或事理。
【解题技巧】1.迅速弄清文章粗心关于此类文章我们联合选择项,进行粗读或略读,对文章的粗心要先有一个大概的认识。
说明文常常生词许多,而题材又比较宽泛,所以阅读时,第一要可以掌握文章的粗心。
2.弄清楚说明的次序掌握了说明次序,就能正确掌握文章的脉络,增强对整篇文章的理解。
3.掌握文章的组织结构,理清事实细节掌握语篇特色对理解文意与答题极为有益。
说明性的文章一般都是一篇完好的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严实的短文。
在阅读这种文章时,我们必定要认真研读文章的开头和结尾,从主题句着手,找出支持句,而后找寻文章的结论。
这时,我们还要特别注意,不要被表面的一些细节所诱惑,我们在理解细节的基础上,还要商酌文字的内涵意义,进而对文章进行深层次的理解。
4.着重上下文语境应逐句精读短文,逐题剖析选项,对特定的语境作深入的理解,战胜"思想定势",依据全文粗心和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。
5.娴熟做题方法,按照四个原则:(1)上下一致。
每个选择项一定从全文出发,从大处着手,防止孤立地剖析每一空格,造成误选。
高三答题模板分享完形填空题型解题范例
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高三答题模板分享完形填空题型解题范例完形填空作为英语考试中的一种题型,常常需要考生根据给定的上下文语境,选择最合适的词语或短语来填入空格中,使得整篇文章逻辑通顺、语义连贯。
然而,对于大部分高三学生而言,完形填空题依然是一道难题。
为了帮助高三学子们更好地应对这种题型,本文将分享一些完形填空题的解题范例和答题模板。
解题范例一:One hot summer day, my father and I went out for ice cream. We were 1 our favorite ice cream shop when we saw a homeless man sitting on the sidewalk, holding a sign that read, "Hungry and homeless. Please help if you can."Without 2 , my father approached the man and asked, "Are you hungry?" The man nodded, looking surprised and hopeful.My father then 3 to the ice cream shop and bought two large cones. We 4 to the man and gave him one of the cones. The man's eyes 5 up as he tasted the cold sweetness."This is the 6 ice cream I've ever had," the man said with gratitude. He then told us his story: how he lost his job, how he 7 his family, and how he ended up on the streets.As we listened, my father showed empathy and 8 the man with respect and kindness. He also 9 him some spare change and a few words of encouragement.On our way home, I couldn't help but 10 my father's actions. He didn't just give the man food; he also treated him like a worthy human being.从上面的完形填空例子中,我们可以得出以下解题模板:1. 熟悉上下文语境,把握文章主旨。
(完整word)高考英语完型填空专题练习及答案.docx
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Study hard and make yourself excellent and make our country stronger.完形填空练习【考点分析】主要考查语法知识、单词拼写能力和逻辑推理能力等,对基础相对薄弱的学生,尤其是英语语法基础相对薄弱的学生有一定的难度。
【复习策略】掌握句子的基本结构首先,我们必须熟练掌握简单句的基本句型结构:(1)主语 + 谓语( + 宾语 + 宾补)(2)主语 + 系动词 + 表语其次,我们要充分了解充当各个句子成分的典型词类:(1)充当主语或宾语的典型词类是名词或代词。
此外,还有动名词、不定式短语等。
(2)充当谓语的一定是动词。
(3)充当补语或表语的典型词类是形容词。
(4)在名词前作定语的典型词类是形容词或形容词性物主代词。
(5)作状语的典型词类是副词。
再次,我们还要掌握句子的扩展结构:两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号,就必须要用连词,否则,句子的结构就不完整。
连词主要有以下四类:(1)用 and,but,or,while( 而,却 ),when (就在这个时候)等构成并列句。
用 if,unless,before,after,until,although,though,as,since,because,so,so that 等构成含状语从句的复合句(这里要注意区分一下复杂句和复合句,复合句是包含在复杂句这个概念里面的,在下文的基础写作部分有提到)。
( 3)用 who,which,that,when,where,why等构成含定语从句的复合句。
(这里要提醒考生的是往往不给任何提示的空就是填连词或关系词的,但也须结合句子Study hard and make yourself excellent and make our country stronger.结构来分析。
)(4)用 that,if/whether( 是否 ),wh- 等构成含名词性从句的复合句。
高考完形填空真题解析.docx
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高考完形填空真题解析一、高中英语完形填空1.完形填空It happened when our grandchild, Anne, was three years old. My husband, Paul, asked her if there was anything she wanted to plant in our garden. She had an answer—Fritos (油炸玉米饼)."Anne, Fritos might not1in this soil," he said. But Anne looked at her grandfather and said that if the other2could grow, so would Fritos. Paul3this in the simplestway possible. He sent Anne running to the house for Fritos.That evening, I asked Paul, "Are you4?""She will forget it," he5. The next day, Anne asked again. To gain time, Paul said itwould6two weeks for Fritos to come out. That should be plenty of time for her to forget,he thought.For the next two weeks, she arrived every evening to7her "Frito land". Anne grew more8. But with each passing day, Paul became more and more9. By the 13th day, he had10 a plan, and the next morning we began to work.We planted two plants where the Fritos were11. Then we began the difficult task of tying Fritos around the leaves of the plants. At last, that was quite a12off our mind.Anne ran straight to the garden as13. We were shocked when she shouted, "Grandpa! They're up! The Fritos came up!"The story was repeated several times.When Anne was in second grade,it was finally 14until the day her teacher talked about the topic of15. As part of the lesson, the teacher asked each child to16something that grows in a garden. You can 17what Anne said!Anne's parents18it was time to tell the truth. Their daughter sat very still while they talked, and when they finished, she remained19. Suddenly, Anne burst out 20and said, "That's the best joke Grandpa ever played on me."1.A. exit B. grow C. make D. work2.A. animals B. vegetables C. families D. fruits3.A. dealt with B. made up C. cut down D. took away4.A. kind B. humorous C. crazy D. foolish5.A. questioned B. doubted C. ignored D. promised6.A. pay B. spend C. cost D. take7.A. check B. move C. decorate D. value8.A. lonely B. excited C. beautiful D. smart9.A. frightened B. shocked C. worried D. puzzled10. A. come acrossB. picked up C. broken down D. worked out11. A. swept B. burnt C. tied D. buried12. A. peace B. thought C. weight D. anger13. A. normal B. usual C. ordinary D. common14.A. forgotten B. forgiven C. discussed D. punished15.A. gardening B. working C. sighting D. painting16.A. buy B. plant C. name D. sell17.A. order B. judge C. guess D. offer18.A. managed B. realized C. imagined D. wondered19.A. brave B. afraid C. popular D. silent20.A. laughing B. crying C. shouting D. burning【答案】( 1) B;( 2) B;( 3) A;( 4) C;( 5) D;( 6) D;( 7) A;( 8) B;( 9)C;( 10 ) D;( 11) D;( 12 )C;( 13) B;( 14) A;( 15) A;( 16) C;( 17 ) C;(18) B;( 19) D;( 20) A;【解析】【分析】本文是一篇叙文,作者述了女安妮的故事。
高考英语完形填空说题稿
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高考英语完形填空说题稿导语:尊敬的评委,大家好!我抽到的题目是( )号题,试题考查的内容是( ),在整个试卷中的地位是( ),下面我就以下几个方面来解读分析此题。
1. 命题立意及能力水平说明2. 本题涵盖的主要知识点3. 分析学生学情,知错纠错4. 指导学生解答及教师分析讲解5. 试题变式及扩展6. 备考建议及自我小结说题过程表述一、命题立意和能力水平说明1.命题原则上:“突出语篇,强调应用,注重交际” 此文本选材新颖,是一篇的文章。
主要讲述在命题上具有现代气息,它遵循了原汁原味,贴近时代,贴近生活的原则,且语篇融合了思想性,教育性。
干扰项设计严密,四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴,干扰项填入后在语法上一般不存在错误,对考生有很大的迷惑作用。
命题符合《考试说明》中对阅读理解语言知识与语言运用能力的考核目标与要求。
2.能力上:本题具有较高的信度、效度,适当的难度和必要的区分度。
考查考生在一定的语言环境中综合运用语言知识的能力。
包括:1) 词语辨析能力2) 语法结构分析能力3) 语篇理解能力4) 逻辑推理能力5) 文化背景透析能力6) 作者意图剖析能力7) 生活常识综合运用能力、本题涵盖的主要知识点1.2.a.b.c.3.whe n, where, who, what第二步速读全文,掌握大意。
速读全文要一气呵成,尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方,仍要快速读下去。
读时要注意找出关键词、中心词,划出某些代表人物和情节的词,以便于形成思路。
要注意不要在未掌握大意的基础上,边阅读,边做题,这样速度慢、准确率低。
第三步瞻前顾后,灵活答题。
“瞻前顾后”,即先读所填词的句子,回顾上一句,兼顾下一句。
如果一句中有两个空白待填,在初定答案时要“双管齐下” ,在两处同时试填,然后通读全句,确定答案。
答题方法:1)择优法:根据文章及结构边读边填,如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的,不必再去逐个考证其余答案。
2)排除法:如答案一时难以确定,可按空格位置,从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面,对选项逐项分析试填。
高中英语完形填空英文说课稿范文
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高中英语完形填空英文说课稿范文【中英文版】Introduction:Today"s lesson is focused on the skill of Cloze Test, an essential component in high school English exams.This exercise not only evaluates students" vocabulary knowledge but also their comprehension and grammatical skills.Let"s delve into a sample teaching script for this activity.引言:今天的课程重点是完形填空技能,这是高中英语考试中的一个重要组成部分。
这项练习不仅评估学生的词汇知识,还考查他们的理解和语法技能。
让我们深入了解一下这个活动的示范教学脚本。
Body:To begin with, I will introduce the context of the passage, setting the stage for students to grasp the overall theme.Then, we"ll proceed with the first question, where I"ll model how to use context clues to determine the best answer.接着,我会先介绍文章的背景,为学生把握整体主题做好准备。
然后,我们将开始第一题,我会示范如何利用上下文线索来确定最佳答案。
ext, I will encourage students to actively participate by discussing possible options for the following questions.This peer interaction not only fosters critical thinking but also enhances their collaborative abilities.接下来,我会鼓励学生积极参与,讨论接下来问题的可能选项。
高考英语完形填空说题稿
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高考英语完形填空说题稿鼓山中学贺惠芬导语:尊敬的评委,大家好!我抽到的题目是()号题,试题考查的容是(),在整个试卷中的地位是(),下面我就以下几个方面来解读分析此题。
1.命题立意及能力水平说明2.本题涵盖的主要知识点3.分析学生学情,知错纠错4.指导学生解答及教师分析讲解5.试题变式及扩展6.备考建议及自我小结说题过程表述一、命题立意和能力水平说明1.命题原则上:“突出语篇,强调应用,注重交际”此文本选材新颖,是一篇的文章。
主要讲述在命题上具有现代气息,它遵循了原汁原味,贴近时代,贴近生活的原则,且语篇融合了思想性,教育性。
干扰项设计严密,四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等畴,干扰项填入后在语法上一般不存在错误,对考生有很大的迷惑作用。
命题符合《考试说明》中对阅读理解语言知识与语言运用能力的考核目标与要求。
2.能力上:本题具有较高的信度、效度,适当的难度和必要的区分度。
考查考生在一定的语言环境中综合运用语言知识的能力。
包括:1) 词语辨析能力2) 语法结构分析能力3) 语篇理解能力4) 逻辑推理能力5) 文化背景透析能力6) 作者意图剖析能力7) 生活常识综合运用能力二、本题涵盖的主要知识点完形填空考什么?——词汇、句际关系和语篇理解(1)知识点涉及对考纲中词汇及短语的理解,它体现了近年来高考试题“追根溯源,回归课本”的理念,因此我们在高考复习中应当充分重视教材,研究教材,汲取教材的营养价值,发挥课本的示功能.(2)完形填空多考查实词,重视对实词在具体语境中词义辨析的考查。
另外,根据高考完形填空对虚词的考查情况来看,高考完形填空会设置一些情景判断和行文逻辑推理题,间或考查在文中起衔接作用的过渡词。
三、学情分析,知错纠错只有清楚学生的错误原因,才能在教学中采取有效的方法,有针对性地训练,才能事半功倍。
1.没有严格遵循答题步骤:很多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案,不认真分析通篇文章,单纯求快,忽略语篇理解,只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构。
高中英语完形填空说课稿范文英文版
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高中英语完形填空说课稿范文英文版全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Title: Teaching Demonstration of High School English Cloze TestGood morning everyone, today I am going to demonstrate a lesson on cloze test for high school English students. The purpose of this lesson is to improve students' reading comprehension skills by using context clues to fill in the blanks in a passage.1. Warm-up (5 minutes)To start off, I will introduce the concept of cloze test to the students. I will ask them to think about how they can use context clues to guess the missing words in a sentence. I will provide them with a few examples to get them thinking about the different techniques they can use.2. Introduction (10 minutes)Next, I will explain the format of a cloze test to the students. I will tell them that they will be given a passage with blanks andthey will need to fill in the missing words using the context of the passage. I will also go over some tips for approaching a cloze test, such as reading the whole passage first and then going back to fill in the blanks.3. Practice (15 minutes)After the introduction, I will have the students work on a practice passage. I will provide them with a passage that contains blanks and ask them to fill in the missing words using the context clues. I will circulate around the room to help students who may be struggling and provide feedback on their answers.4. Review (10 minutes)Once the students have completed the practice passage, we will review the answers together as a class. I will ask students to explain their reasoning behind their answers and encourage them to discuss any strategies they used to fill in the blanks.5. Application (15 minutes)To wrap up the lesson, I will have the students work on a longer passage independently. They will need to read the passage and fill in the blanks using the context clues. This will give them a chance to apply what they have learned in a more challenging context.6. Conclusion (5 minutes)In the final few minutes of the lesson, I will review the key points we covered about cloze tests and answer any questions that the students may have. I will also encourage them to practice using context clues in their reading to improve their comprehension skills.Overall, this lesson aims to help students improve their reading comprehension skills by using context clues to fill in the blanks in a passage. By providing students with practice passages and encouraging them to apply their knowledge independently, I hope to instill confidence in their ability to approach cloze tests successfully. Thank you for your attention.篇2Title: Teaching Demo for High School English Cloze TestGood morning everyone. Today I will be giving a demonstration on how to teach high school English students how to effectively approach and excel in completing cloze tests. Cloze tests are a common type of assessment that requires students to fill in the blanks in a paragraph or passage with the appropriate words. This activity helps students improve their vocabulary, reading comprehension, and grammar skills.Firstly, it is important to introduce the concept of cloze tests to the students. Explain that they will be given a passage with missing words and they must use their knowledge of the context and language to fill in the blanks. Emphasize that there may be multiple correct answers for each blank, but the best one will fit the meaning of the sentence and the overall flow of the passage.Next, demonstrate how to approach a cloze test by reading the passage carefully and trying to understand the context. Encourage students to look for clues such as the topic of the passage, the tense of the verbs, and the relationships between different parts of the sentence. Remind them to pay attention to connecting words like conjunctions, prepositions, and pronouns that can help them determine the correct word to fill in the blank.After reading the passage, guide students through the process of elimination. Start by identifying the parts of speech needed for each blank (noun, verb, adjective, adverb, etc.) and then brainstorming potential words that could fit based on the context. Encourage students to use their knowledge of synonyms, antonyms, and collocations to help them guess the correct word for each blank.Once students have filled in the blanks, have them read the passage again to check for coherence and overall sense. Encourage them to make any necessary revisions to ensure that the passage flows smoothly and makes logical sense. Remind them to pay attention to grammar and punctuation to enhance the readability of the completed passage.Finally, provide feedback and review the answers with the students. Discuss any challenging blanks or questions that students may have had difficulty with and explain the reasons behind the correct answers. Offer additional practice exercises and resources for students to continue honing their cloze test skills.In conclusion, cloze tests are a valuable tool for assessing students' language proficiency and reading comprehension skills. By following these strategies and tips, students can improve their ability to complete cloze tests successfully and demonstrate their understanding of the English language. Thank you for your attention and participation in today's demonstration.篇3Title: Teaching Demonstration of High School English Cloze TestGood morning, everyone. Today, I am going to present a teaching demo on how to effectively teach high school students to tackle cloze test questions in English. Cloze test questions are a common form of assessment in language exams, testing students' ability to understand context and use grammatical structures accurately.To begin with, it's important to explain to students what a cloze test is and how it works. A cloze test is a reading comprehension exercise where certain words in a passage are omitted, and students are required to fill in the blanks with the most appropriate words based on context. It tests not only vocabulary and grammar but also understanding of the passage as a whole.Next, we can move on to some strategies for approaching cloze test questions. Encourage students to read the passage quickly to get an overall idea of the content. Then, ask them to go back and read closely, looking for clues in the surrounding words to help them determine the missing words. Remind students to pay attention to grammar rules, such as verb forms or articles that can guide them in choosing the correct words.Furthermore, it's important to practice with students using a variety of cloze test passages. Provide them with passages atdifferent levels of difficulty to challenge their skills and build their confidence. Encourage them to use context clues, such as synonyms or antonyms, to help them make educated guesses when they're unsure of the correct answer.In addition, it's crucial to provide feedback and explain the reasoning behind the correct answers. This will help students understand their mistakes and learn from them, improving their skills for future exams.In conclusion, teaching high school students how to effectively tackle cloze test questions in English requires a combination of explanation, practice, and feedback. By implementing these strategies and providing students with the necessary tools and guidance, we can help them develop the skills they need to succeed on cloze test questions and improve their overall language proficiency.Thank you for your attention. If you have any questions, please feel free to ask.。
高中完形填空发言稿范文
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高中完形填空发言稿范文
大家好,今天我想和大家分享一篇高中完形填空的范文。
这篇文章没有特定的标题,但是我会在发言中避免使用和文章相同的词语。
这篇完形填空文章是关于一个小城市里的一位年轻人的故事。
故事开始时,这个年轻人经历了一次巨大的变故。
他曾经是一个非常有活力和热情的人,但是一场严重的意外导致他失去了左脚,从而改变了他的人生。
在经历了一段失落和沮丧的时期后,这位年轻人决定重新掌控自己的生活。
他学习适应自己的新生活,重新定下了目标并努力追求。
他开始运动康复,学习如何用假肢行走。
尽管面临困难和挫折,但他从不放弃。
这位年轻人喜欢帮助别人,尤其是那些也遭受不幸的人。
他曾经是一个活在自己小世界里的人,但是他的经历改变了他,开阔了他的心胸。
他和一些志同道合的人一起建立了一个组织,为残疾人提供支持和帮助。
他希望通过自己的经历和努力,鼓励其他人不要放弃希望,积极面对人生。
这位年轻人的故事给了我们很多启示。
他不仅展示了身体上的坚韧,而且展示了心灵上的坚强。
他告诉我们,无论遭遇多大的挫折和困难,我们都有能力战胜它们,找到新的目标和机会。
在我们的生活中,我们可能会遇到一些不顺利的事情,但是我们不能气馁。
我们应该学习和适应,积极面对挑战。
与其抱怨
和沉溺于自怜,我们应该放下过去的阴影,迎接充满希望的未来。
总之,这个故事告诉我们,无论我们面对怎样的困难和逆境,都要保持积极的态度和坚强的意志,勇敢地前行。
让我们在人生的道路上不断成长,为自己和他人带来更多的正能量。
谢谢大家!。
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高考英语完形填空说题稿
导语:
尊敬的评委,大家好!
我抽到的题目是()号题,试题考查的内容是(),在整个试卷中的地位是(),下面我就以下几个方面来解读分析此题。
1.命题立意及能力水平说明
2.本题涵盖的主要知识点
3.分析学生学情,知错纠错
4.指导学生解答及教师分析讲解
5.试题变式及扩展
6.备考建议及自我小结
说题过程表述
一、命题立意和能力水平说明
1.命题原则上:“突出语篇,强调应用,注重交际”
此文本选材新颖,是一篇的文章。
主要讲述
在命题上具有现代气息,它遵循了原汁原味,贴近时代,贴近生活的原则,且语篇融合了思想性,教育性。
干扰项设计严密,四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴,干扰项填入后在语法上一般不存在错误,对考生有很大的迷惑作用。
命题符合《考试说明》中对阅读理解语言知识与语言运用能力的考核目标与要求。
2.能力上:本题具有较高的信度、效度,适当的难度和必要的区分度。
考查考生在一定的语言环境中综合运用语言知识的能力。
包括:
1) 词语辨析能力
2) 语法结构分析能力
3) 语篇理解能力
4) 逻辑推理能力
5) 文化背景透析能力
6) 作者意图剖析能力
7) 生活常识综合运用能力
二、本题涵盖的主要知识点
完形填空考什么?——词汇、句际关系和语篇理解
溯源,回归课本”的理念,因此我们在高考复习中应当充分重视教材,研究教材,汲取教材的营养价值,发挥课本的示范功能.
(2)完形填空多考查实词,重视对实词在具体语境中词义辨析的考查。
另外,根据高考完形填空对虚词的考查情况来看,高考完形填空会设置一些情景判断和行文逻辑推理题,间或考查在文中起衔接作用的过渡词。
三、学情分析,知错纠错
只有清楚学生的错误原因,才能在教学中采取有效的方法,有针对性地训练,才能事半功倍。
1.没有严格遵循答题步骤:很多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案,不认真分析通篇文章,单纯求快,忽略语篇理解,只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构。
表面上解题速度挺快,但是这种见树不见林的做法只会影响解题的质量和效率。
2. 不注意积累答题技巧:
a.忽略文章首句的提示作用;
b.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;
c.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.
3.时间安排不当:在几个选项上过分纠缠,追求完美,导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。
四、指导学生解答及教师分析讲解
解题主要从以下四步做起:
总的原则:“先完意,后完形”。
第一步重视首尾句。
完形填空一般无标题,首、尾句通常是不挖空的。
先跳读这两句,便可判断体裁,猜想它要讲什么。
若首句交代了when, where, who, what,即四个W,那么就是记叙文,很可能就是一个故事,为了测试语篇的理解能力,出题者特别注意选材的趣味性,其结尾往往出人意料,耐人寻味;若首句是提出或解释说明某事物,一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论点,那么就是议论文。
首句往往开宗明义,是文章的主题。
细读首句可启示全文。
而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。
所以,它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口,对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。
因此,要充分利用段首句提供的信息,去挖掘文章的思路,寻找文章的脉络与线索。
第二步速读全文,掌握大意。
速读全文要一气呵成,尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方,仍要快速读下去。
读时要注意找出关键词、中心词,划出某些代表人物和情节的词,以便于形成思路。
要注意不要在未掌握大意的基础上,边阅读,边做题,这样速度慢、准确率低。
第三步瞻前顾后,灵活答题。
“瞻前顾后”,即先读所填词的句子,回顾上一句,兼顾下一句。
如果一句中有两个空白待填,在初定答案时要“双管齐下”,在两处同时试填,然后通读全句,确定答案。
答题方法:1)择优法:根据文章及结构边读边填,如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的,不必再去逐个考证其余答案。
2)排除法:如答案一时难以确定,可按空格位置,从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面,对选项逐项分析试填。
排除干扰项,从而确定正确答案。
第四步复核全文,调整答案。
把填好的短文通读一遍,进行核查同时注意以下三点:
1.上下文的一致性:即时态语态的一致;代词、名词、单复数的一致。
2.从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手,看是否符合上下文的逻辑。
3.段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。
这次复核至关重要,常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误。
同时对极难确定的答案,也要凭语感任猜一个,决不可不选。
具体分析讲解:
(一)词汇题
1. 根据上下文语境和前后句的提示(复现、同/近义词、反义词)确定最佳选项近年来完形填空在选项的设置上越来越淡化语法结构,重在文意的干扰,即把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去,考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示,对整体文意进行把握的能力。
这种考查方式所占的比例较大,且难度也大,若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析,或许所给的四个答案在语法和结构上都是正确的,若放在全局,则不一定正确。
因此,快速浏览全文,领悟文章主旨,通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。
2.根据词语的习惯用法和固定搭配来选择答案词的固定搭配,特别是动词的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例也是比较大的,多数题目涉及到动词的用法和各种搭配关系,这是由动词在句子中的重要性决定的。
动词在搭配关系上与名词、介词、副词的用法紧密相关。
解决这类题目要求考生多读、多记,对所学习语或固定搭配牢固掌握,并能灵活运用。
3.根据词汇的意义及用法结合语境辨析词义从而确定答案。
完形填空题的考查虽然越来越淡化语法,但对语言点的考查依然存在,不过主要体现在词汇搭配和语义辨析两个方面。
要做好这种题目,必须尽量将词语辨析与情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来,从词汇意义入手,抓住情节线索解决问题。
4.根据动作发出者确定所选的词
5根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理。
高考完形填空往往以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息,其间交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识,考查考生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。
解决这类题目,考生不仅要有广博的知识、丰富的生活经历,还要能够驾驭全文,不仅理解文章的表层意义,而且要弄清文章的深层意义。
当对语言的把握不很准确时,可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识来帮助判断。
(二)句际关系
1.语法手段
完形填空虽然以语境填空为主,但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。
对于这类题,考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识,分析单词(组)的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物,并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。
2.逻辑手段
尝试从逻辑关系的高度整体上把握,就会不无惊喜地发现逻辑关系才是征服完形填空的最佳途径。
所谓逻辑关系并不缥缈,它就隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。
通过逻辑关系的方法,我们可以通过确切、具体的线索,把答案的逻辑意义推测出来,从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的选项。
这样做,使得题目的难度大大降低。
(1) 句中逻辑关系(2) 句间逻辑关系(3) 段间逻辑关系
(三)语篇整体理解
主题,作者观点、态度
五、试题变式及扩展
六、备考建议及自我小结
备考建议:
1.熟练运用,而非机械记忆英语语法和英语语句、惯用法的搭配。
语法知识越丰富,单词越熟练,阅读速度就越快,对文章得理解就越全面、深刻和准确。
完形填空不直接考察语法,而是通过检查理解程度间接的考查语法。
2.丰富词汇知识和提高词汇辨析能力。
单词的语法知识是基础中的基础。
在阅读中要注意形近和近义词在含义和语法搭配上的差异。
3.熟练掌握阅读技巧,提高语篇阅读能力,要在快速阅读时留意关键的信息词句。
完形填空的主旨在于考察阅读理解能力,而不是字斟句酌的能力,所以要学会扫读、略读和寻读,以加快阅读速度,并善于抓语篇的关键词句、主题句和结论句。
4.加强语篇、语境和语义的概念体系,将语言知识灵活准确地加以运用,只有正确理解语境、语义,才能把握文章的脉络。
要增加知识和阅读的储备量,扩大知识面,既要理解字面意思,也要理解深层含义,根据所给材料,形成正确的逻辑推断能力,锐化思维。
较强的逻辑思维能力有助于对文章深层次意义的理解,它能使“完形”恢复文章的原貌,变得更加容易。
总之,要突破完形填空这个难关,每个考生都必须认真对待,进行强化训练,既要做足量练习,又要避免不加选择的重复练习,要有针对性。
日积月累,一定会大有进步。
自我小结:
1. 教师可以从不同的切入点对这道题进行讲解,产生的结果也是不同的。
2. 了解命题思路和命题结构的同时,还要把握高考的方向。
同时更要关注学生的情感教育。
3. 对于不同学校,不同基础的学生,试题的指导还需要细化。
同时在方法上,应该更加突出学生的主体地位,培养他们自主学习的能力。
以上是本人对这个试题的理解分析,请评委批评指正。