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现代大学英语精读6课后句子翻译中英对照（精）

现代大学英语精读6课后句子翻译中英对照（精）高英句子翻译unit11. Asian American success is typically taken to ratify the American dream and to prove that minorities can make it in this country without handouts. (Para. 7)亚裔美国人的成功总是被用来证明美国梦是有道理的，用来证明少数种族群体能够在这个国家取得成功而不必依靠政府的布施和救济。

2. Earlier this year, the publication of Amy Chua's Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother incited a collective airing out of many varieties of race—based hysteria. (Para. 8)今年年初，蔡美尔《虎妈颂歌》一书的出版引发了公众各种各样反映种族观念的狂热评论。

3. There are no set-asides for the underprivileged or, conversely, for alumni or other privileged groups. There is no formula to encourage diversity" or any nebulous concept of “well-roundedness” or “character”. (Para. 12)这所学校没有为所谓弱势群体留下特殊的名额，反之，也没有为校友或其他特权人士留下名额，也没有旨在鼓励民族或宗教多样性或任何其他“全面发展”、“操行品德”等模糊观念的规定和计划。

4. You could frame it as a simple issue of equality and press for race- blind quantitative admissions standards. In 2006, a decade after California passed a voter initiative outlawing any racial engineering at the public universities, Asians composed 46 percent of UC Berkeley's entering class... (Para. 16)你可以把它说成是一个简单的平等问题，并强烈要求入学标准不许在录取数量上有种族歧视。

大学英语精读第6册课文全文翻译-中英对照

Some scientists working on the question of extraterrestrial intelligence, myself among them, have attempted to estimate the number of advanced technical civilizations -- defined operationally as societies capable of radio astronomy -- in the Milky Way Galaxy. Such estimates are little better than guesses. They require assigning numerical values to quantities such as the numbers and ages of stars; the abundance of planetary systems and the likelihood of the origin of life, which we know less well;and the probability of the evolution of intelligent life and the lifetime of technical civilizations, about which we know very little indeed.
In the last few years -- in one-millionth the lifetime of our species on this planet -- we have achieved an extraordinary technological capability which enables us to seek outunimaginably distant civilizations even if they are no more advanced than we. That capability is called radio astronomy and involves single radio telescopes, collections or arrays of radio telescopes, sensitive radio detectors, advanced computers for processing received date, and the imagination and skill of dedicated scientists. Radio astronomy has in the last decade opened a new window on the physical universe. It may also, if we are wise enough to make the effort, cast a profound light on the biologicaluniverse.

大学高级英语第六册课文Paraphrase自整理版本之欧阳历创编

Lesson 1 Sexism in Schoolcation is not a spectator sport. (p3)Education is something that all students should participate in.3. When students participate in classroom discussionthey hold more positive attitudes toward school, and that positive attitudes enhance learning. (p3) When students participate in classroom discussion they are more inclined to think that going to school is useful, and the positive attitudes facilitate learning.4. It is no coincidence that girls are more passivein the classroom and score lower than boys on SATs. (p3)It is not surprising that the two things, namely, girls being more passive in the classroom and scoring lower than boys should be causally related.5. Most teachers claim that girls participate andare called on in class as often as boys. (p4)Most teachers state that girls participate and are asked to speak in class as often as boy.6. But a three-year study we recently completedfound that this is not true; vocally, boys clearly dominate the classroom. (p4)Based on a three-year study, we found that this is not true; in terms of oral participation, boys clearly speak much more in classroom.7. When we showed teachers and administrators filmof a classroom discussion and asked who was talking more, the teachers overwhelmingly said the girls were. (p4)When we showed teachers and people responsible for the running of a school a video of a classroom discussion and asked who was talking more, the teachers almost all said the girls were.8. But in reality, the boys in the film were out-talking the girls at a ratio of three to one. (p4) But in reality, the boys in the video were talking more than the girls at a speed of three to one.9. Half of the classroom covered language arts andEnglish-subjects in which girls traditionally have excelled; the other half covered math and science --- traditionally made domains. (p5)Half of the classroom covered the skills in using the language for effective communication and literary appreciation. And girls usually do better in these subjects. The other half covered math and science which traditionally belong to male field.10. Our research contradicted the traditionalassumption that girls dominate classroom discussion in reading, while boys are dominant in math. (p7)Our research denied the truth of the traditional supposition that girls control classroom discussion in reading, while boys control the discussion in math.11. We found that whether the subject was languagearts and English or math and science, boys got more than their fair share of teacher attention.(p7)We found that whether the subject was skills inusing the language for effective communication and English or math and science, boys got more teacher attention than is supposed to be fair. 12. Some critics claim that if teachers talk more tomale students, it is simply because boys are more assertive in grabbing their attention --- a classic case of the squeaky wheel getting the educational oil. (p8)Some critics state firmly that if teachers talk more to male students, it is simply because boys are more aggressive in catching their attention --- a typical example of the notice --- arresting students getting more attention from the teacher.13. However, male assertiveness is not the wholeanswer. (p8)However, male’s mere assertive cannot completely answer the question.14. Girls are often shortchanged in quality as wellas in quantity of teacher attention. (p10)Girls are often not given enough teacher attention what they deserve in quality as well as in quantity.15. Years of experience have shown that the best wayto learn something is to do it yourself;classroom chivalry is not only misplaced, it is detrimental. (p13)Years of experience have shown that the best way to learn something is to do it yourself; “let me do for you”behavior is not only improper, it is harmful.16. During classroom discussion, teachers in ourstudy reacted to boys’answers with dynamic, precise and effective responses, while they often gave girls bland and diffuse reactions. (p13)During classroom discussion, teachers in our study reacted to boys’answers with energetic, accurate and effective responses, while they often gave girls indifferent and general reactions.17. Despite caricatures of school as a harsh andpunitive place, fewer than 5 percent of the teachers’reactions were criticism, even of the mildest sort. (p15)Although school is often mockingly described as aplace where students are badly treated and often punished.18. Too often, girls remain in the dark about thequality of their answers. (p18)Too often, girls are kept completely uninformed about the quality of their answers.19. Unfortunately, acceptance, the imprecise responsepacking the least educational punch, gets the most equitable sex distribution in classroom.(p18)It is unfortunate that the least useful kind of feedback is distributed between boys and girls most impartially, while the more useful kinds of feedback are heavily biased towards boys. Thus the overall result is that the feedback boys receive much more beneficial than that for girls.20. Active students receiving precise feedback aremore likely to achieve academically. And they are more likely to be boys. (p18)Any active student who receives precise feedback can achieve more in his or her studies. And boys are more likely to be active and to receive suchfeedback, and so are more likely to succeed.21. By high school, some girls become less committedto careers, although their grades and achievement-test scores may be as good as boys’.(p20)By high school, some girls are not so devoted to the subject they have been studying, despite their academic study as good as boys’.22. Many girls’interests turn to marriage orstereotypically female jobs. (p20)Many girls’interests turn to marriage or jobs which are conventionally believed to be taken up by women only.23. The sexist communication game is played at work,as well as at school. (p23)The conversation among people which exhibits elements of sexism not exists in the field of work but also at school.24. Classes taught by these trained teachers had ahigher level of intellectual discussion and contained more effective and precise teacher responses for all students. (p28)Classes taught by these trained teachers had a higher level of the discussion which is full of intelligence and contained more effective and accurate teacher responses for all students. Lesson 2 Philosophers among the Carrots1. I asked myself if it was still permissible totake pleasure in the profession of housewife and not be a traitor to the cause. (p1)I was wondering whether it is possible for me toget pleasure by working as a housewife while at the same time still devoted to the Women’s Lib.2. I recalled Socrates saying that, “The unexaminedlife is not worth living,” and decided that maybe it was time to examine mine. (p1)I remembered Socrates’saying that, “The life offew profound consideration and careful choice is not a meaningful one”, and decided that maybe it was time to look at my life very carefully to see if any lessons could be drawn from it or any changes needed to be made in it.3. If I hadn’t been to college, I wouldn’t have beenthat significant analogy, I thought smugly,depositing an orange pit in the sink as I finished the salad (or did I learn that in high school?). (p2)I feel proud of knowledge I have acquired fromcollege which descend in scale. I splitted an orange pit into the kitchen sink after I had finished eating the salad. (If I didn’t learn that in high school, which part of the compulsory education was, I should not feel so indebted to Women’s Lib.)4. Then, as I eyed a bowl of cooked carrotsspeculatively, sizing them up for carrot cake of marinated vegetable salad and opting for the cake which I knew would be seconded by my husband and sons, (p3)Then, as I watched a bowl of cooked carrots thoughtfully, estimating whether they would be better for making salad, and deciding on the cake which I knew would be supported by my husband and three sons,5. I followed the train of my thoughts which waschugging off into philosophical realms led byArchimedes who said, “Any object placed in a fluid displaces its weight; an immersed object displaces its volume,” (p3)My thoughts, led by Archimedes, wandered away into the kingdom of philosophy. He said, “When an object floats on the liquid we can know its weight, which is equal to the weight of the liquid it has displaced; when an object immersed in the liquid we can know its volume which is equal to the volume of the liquid it has displaced.”6. Muttering, along with Emerson, that “A foolishconsistency is the hobgoblin of little minds…”I dumped in a couple of spoonfuls of applesauce to make it come out right. (p3)Saying in a low voice, quoting from Emerson that “To observe a rule rigidly is an abominable quality of unintelligent people” I poured a couple of spoonfuls of applesauce to taste better.7. Buddha has his Bo tree, I have my refrigerator.(p4)Just as Buddha received heavenly inspiration tofound Buddhism under the Bo tree, so I get new understanding about housewives and philosophy by gazing into the depth of the refrigerator.8. You can’t step twice in the same river. (p4)Please rest assured that what you are washing today is different from what you washed yesterday.9. I saw about me the variety in unity and unity invariety spoken of by my aesthetics professor. (p4)I saw the principle spoken by my aestheticsprofessor which means to see uniformity in differences and see differences in uniformity.Applied to my case, “unity”means that all the clothes I had to wash were dirty clothes and “variety” means that every piece to be washed was different from every other piece.10. I indulged in aggressive fantasies against mydear family as I picked up a necktie draped on a lamp, a pair of tennis shoes under the couch, a cache of peanut shells beneath a newspaper and remembering William James’comment that “Even a pig has a philosophy,”I wondered angrily what theirs was. (p5)I allowed myself to develop a lot of hostile andangry thoughts against my dear husband and three sons when I picked up a tie draped on a lamp, a pair of tennis shoes under the couch, a secret store of peanut shells beneath a newspaper and remembering William James’comment that “Even a pig has an attitude to life.” So I wondered since they were like pigs, they must have had one too.(Anyone may find an excuse for their behavior.) 11. ……with a wave of willfulness (p6)……with a sudden burst of determination to go my own way12. In my present state of mind I found this thequintessence of good sense and I walked out of house and into the car, leaving the breakfast dishes on the table. (p6)In my present mood, I found this the best representation of human wisdom.13. I smiled enigmatically as I continued to stir thechicken soup and quoted Alexander Pope, “All chaos is but order misunderstood,”then added with composure that I had purchase a new dress. (p7)I smiled in a way which showed there wassomething secret about her when I continued to stir the chicken soup and quoted Alexander Pope, “All chaos is in fact not chaos, but is order which has been mistaken for chaos.”14. But, without becoming the least bit ruffled, Ireplied, in the words of Pascal, “Ah, but the heart has its reasons the mind knows not of.” (p8)……sometimes you do something out of emotion which is not based on any reason.15. Whatever is, is good. (p9)Reality is good. It is good, because everything is created by God.Lesson 3 The Power of Habit1. Habit is a second nature! Habit is ten timesnature. (p1)Habit is a second born quality. It is so deeply fixed that you simply follow your habit without thinking.2. ……the degree to which this is true no oneprobably can appreciate as well as one who is a veteran soldier himself. (p1)Only the experienced soldier can best recognize the truth of the duke’s statement.3. The daily drill and the years of discipline endby fashioning a man completely over again, as to most of the possibilities of his conduct. (p1)It takes many years of daily training of mind and qualities to create a completely new person, as far as his possible patterns of behavior are connected.4. a practical joke (p2)sb. who plays a trick on sb. else so as to make the victim foolish5. The drill had been thorough, and its effects hadbecome embodied in the man’s nervous structure.(p2)The training had completed in any way, and its effects had become a part of man’s nervous system.6. Rider less cavalry-horses, at many a battle, havebeen seen to come together and go through their customary evolutions at the sound of the bugle-call. (p3)Without a rider, soldier who fight on horsebackat many battles, have been to gather together and take part in their habitual drills as soon as they heard sound of trumpet.7. Most domestic beasts seem machines almost pureand simple, undoubting, unhesitatingly doing from minute to minute the duties they have been taught, and giving no sign that possibility of an alternative ever suggests itself to their mind.(p3)Most beasts raised at home are completely like machines, and no doubt, never hesitate to do the duties they have been taught all the time and give no indication that they have never come up with other options.8. …… by his new responsibilities, (p4)……things he had to face or manage in the new environment,9. Habit is thus the enormous fly-wheel of society,its most precious conservative agent. (p4)Habit is a regulating force that maintains established order of society and prevents any sudden change in it.10. It alone is what keeps up all with the bounds ofordinance. (p4)It keeps us all in the different professional, geographical, or social positions designated to us by law or fate.11. It alone prevents the hardest and most repulsivewalks of life from being deserted by those brought up to tread therein. (p4)Because of habit, those who have been trained to work in that place since their childhood will not give up those most difficult and unpleasant occupation.12. It protects us from invasion by the natives ofthe desert and the frozen zone. (p4)It makes the natives of the desert and the frozen zone stay in their own place because of habit.13. It dooms us all to fight out the battle of lifeupon the lines of our nature or our early choice, and to make the best of a pursuit that disagrees, because there is no other for which we are fitted, and it is too late to begin again. (p4)Habit determines that one will stay and work hardtill the end of life in a disagreeable occupation which he was brought to follow or chose early in our life, and try to accept and manage it as well as he can. Because there is no other choice for which we are suitable, and it is too late to begin again.14. Although at the age of twenty-five you see theprofessional mannerism settling down on the young commercial traveler. (p4)By age 25, your future career has been settled down and you have formed peculiar habits in work.15. You see the little lines of cleavage runningthrough the character, the tricks of thought, the prejudices, the ways of the “shop”, in a word, from which the man can by-and-by no more escape than his coat sleeve can suddenly fall into a new set of folds. (p4)You get the general idea of the traits of one’s personality, the particular way of thinking, the personal preference, the ways in which one does one’s business, they are all fixed habits.Therefore, the man cannot escape his old habitshe has acquired just as his coat sleeve cannot suddenly fall into a new set of folds which has been ironed into it.16. It is best he should not escape. (p4)It is most desirable he should not eacape.17. Hardly ever is a language learned after twentyspoken without a foreign accent;If one learns a language after the age of twenty, he will almost never sound like a native speaker, but only like a foreigner;18. Hardly, ever can a youth transformed to thesociety of his betters unclean and nasality and other vices of speech bred in him by the associations of his growing years. (p5)Any young man who has been promoted to a higher social position may learn to give up his nasal accents and other bad habits that have been brought up in him by his early education.19. An invisible law, as strong as gravitation, keepshim within his orbit, arranged this year as he was the last; and how his better-clad acquaintances continue to get the things theywear will be for him a mystery till his dying day.(p5)A person’s old habits, as powerful as gravity,make him to take control over his behaviors…20. It is to fund and capitalize our acquisitions,and live at ease upon the interest of the found.(p6)The calculation of good habits formed is just like the investment of money in a project, if you can form a good habit in your early years, you can benefit a lot from them and enjoy the comfortable life in the future.21. The more of the details of our daily life we canhand over to the effortless custody of automatism, the more our higher powers of mind will be set free for their own proper work. (p6)Most of the trivial items in our life can becomea habit and can be taken of our conscious mindwhich therefore can be used for more important task.22. Full half the time of such a man goes to deciding,or regretting, of matters which ought to be soingrained in him as practically not to exist for his consciousness at all. (p6)Such man spends not less than half of his time deciding or regretting which should be deeply fixed and really should not all matters for his conscious thinking at all.Lesson 4 The Invisible Japanese Gentlemen1. They spoke to each other rarely in theirincomprehensible tongue. (p1)They hardly ever spoke during the meal, and when they did speak, they spoke in a way that the author cannot understand what they are talking about.2. Sometimes the pretty girl who sat in the windowbeyond gave them a passing glance, but her own problem seemed too serious for her to pay real attention to any in the world except herself and her companion. (p1)Sometimes the pretty girl who sat near window over there gave them a casual glance, but she was so much troubled by her own problem that she couldn’t pay any attentions to others but toherself and her fiancé.3. …… petite in a Regency way, oval like a miniature,though she had a harsh way of speaking --- perhaps the accent of the school, Roedean or Cheltenham Ladies’ College, which she not long ago left. (p2)……her face was small, delicate, and clean, and was as oval-shaped as a miniature, representing the typical feminine face admired as perfect by Regency time, though she spoke in a firm, commanding tone and an upper-class manner, typical of those who had been educated at a highly prestigious school for upper-class young women, which she graduated not long ago.4. Her companion appeared a little distraught. (p4)Her partner seemed somewhat worried or upset about what to do next.5. I could see them as two miniatures hanging sideby side on white wood panels. (p5)I could see them to be two small portraitshanging side by side as decorations for the surface of a wall.6. He should have been a young officer in Nelson’snavy in the days when a certain weakness and sensitivity were no bar to promotion. (p5)He should have had an easy access to promotion in Nelson’s navy despite some weakness and sensitivities as he had some feminine features which would be admired by people then.7. She deserved a better life. (p6)She could have enjoyed an easier life than toiling as a novelist.8. You know you don’t get on with him. This way weshall be quite independent. (p8)You know you don’t have a good relationship with your uncle. If we do as I have said we shall be quite independent.9. My mother says that writing is a good crutch…(p13)She disapproves of writing as the main thing (a career), but though writing is good only as an auxiliary support.10. a pretty solid crutch (p14)If you should think writing is support, I wouldargue that it is a pretty solid support. It can be the main source of a living.11. I see what you mean. (p26)I understand what you are trying to say.12. I was on the side of his mother. It was ahumiliating thought, but I was probably about her mother’s age. (p26)I agreed with his mother that writing should notbe a career, but only a support. Although knowing oneself to be old would cause discomfort and embarrassment, I was actually about her mother’s age and therefore quite in a position to advise her and her future.13. ……“the long defeat of doing nothing well” (p27)……“the frustration of being unable to write anything good for many years”14. ……, by performance and not by promise. (p27)……, by what you have actually written, not by any indication of potential success in you.15. I didn’t know you’d ever been there. (p29)The polite way of saying “I know you have never been there (so how can you write about a placeyou don’t know?)16. A fresh eye’s terribly important. (p30)It’s all good to see something new.17. Perhaps, we’d go better to marry when you comeback. (p37)It will be more sensible of us to get married when you come back.18. ……couldn’t you observe a bit more near home? Herein London. (p47)……why go off to St. Tropez? Couldn’t you write something about here, about London?19. Darling, you’re awfully decorative, but sometimes--- well, you simply don’t connect. (p51)You look awfully good. (If we go out together, I can feel proud of being accompanied by such a handsome young man.) But you haven’t got intelligence, you absolutely don’t connect one meaning to author.20. ……bowed to each other, as though they wereblocked in doorway. (p54)…… yielded apologetically to each other in such a manner as if they have dumped into each other ina doorway, as one was going out and the othercoming in21. I had thought the two young people matchingminiatures, but what a contrast in fact there was.The same type of prettiness could contain weakness and strengthens. (p55)I had wrongly believed that the two young peoplewere a good match for their looks. But now I saw they were so different in nature. The same pretty looks could mean a weak character in some people, but a strong character in others.22. Her Regency counterpart, I suppose, would haveborne a dozen children without the aid of anesthetics, while he would have fallen an easy victim to the first dark eyes in Naples. (p55)If she had lived in Regency time, she would have been able to give birth to a dozen children without the use of anesthetics. However, if he had been a young officer in Nelson’s navy and had called at the port of Naples, he would easily have been secured by the first Italian woman he met after setting foot ashore.23. I didn’t like to think of her as the Mrs. HumphreyWard of her generation --- not that I would live so long. (p55)I dreaded the thought of her becoming a well-established writer. This was not because I would live so long as to see her become another Mrs.Humphrey Ward, the Mrs. Humphrey Ward of her time.But this was because I was deeply aware that the further she went along a writer’s road, the more severely she was sure to suffer.24. Old ages saves us from the realization of a greatmany fears. (p55)Being old enable we to avoid seeing many unpleasant things happen. Because we are old, we will not live to see a great many things we fear actually happen.25. ……, and she didn’t look like Mrs. Humphrey Ward.(p55)……, Mrs. Humphrey Ward looked plain, while she looked pretty, and her photo on the back of the jacket would help make the book well received by reviewers as well as readers.26. Sometimes you are so evasive I think you don’twant to marry me at all. (p57)evasive: deliberately avoiding the major topic of getting married。

(完整版)大学英语精读第6册课文全文翻译-中英对照

ELEMENTS OF THE RESEARCH PAPER
The standard research report, regardless of the field or the intended reader, contains four major sections. These sections may be broken down into a variety of subsections, and they may be arranged in a variety of ways, but they regularly make up the core of the report.
Results Section. The third, and perhaps most important, section of the research report is the presentation of the results obtained from the investigation. The basic rule in this section is to give all data relevant to the research question initially asked. Although, of course, one's natural tendency might be to suppress any findings which do not in some way support one's hypothesis, such dishonesty is antithetical to good research reporting in any field. If the experiments undertaken fail to prove anything, if the data was inadequate or contrary to expectations, the report should be honestly written and as complete as possible, just as it would be if the hypothesis were totally proven by the research.

精读6 课后练习paraphrase

Lesson 1 How to get the poor off our conscienceVirtue is ... self-centered.By right action,we mean it must help promote personal interest. ...(poverty) was a product of their excessive fecundity...The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children. ...the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration. The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature of to human society.It declined in popularity, and references to its acquired a condemnatory tone.People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy,love and friendship.Therefore,when it was mentioned,it was usually the target of criticism....the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it was only suspended.The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned,it had only been put off....only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenches, flashlights,coffee makers, and toilet seats.Government officials,on the whole ,are good,it is very rare that some would pay high prices for office equipment to get kickbacks.This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction.It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.Belief can be the servant of truth---but even more of convenience.Belief can be useful in the search for truth,but more often than not it is accepted because it is convenient and self-serving.George Gilder... Who tells to much applause that the poor must have the cruel spur of their own suffering to ensure effort...George Gilder advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great misery will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation,in other words,suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.Lesson 2 The woods were tossing with jewelsBut these marks of wild country called to may father like the legendary siren song.Though the place was not pleasant or disagreeable,my father was deeply attracted to it precisely because of its unexplored,uncultivated natural state,and the challenge."I'm afraid the day's going to catch us," I explained, wondering whatgreat disaster might befall us if it did.As a little girl,I believed my father's words ,and was genuinely afraid of the possible disaster--if we didn't hurry up,the day would catch us and terrible things might happen....from time to time he was halfheartedly sought for trial, though few crimes seemed to lead directly to his door.In this place,though the police wound make some effort without real earnest to investigate Watson and bring him to court,there seemed to be little concrete evidence to prove that he was responsible for certain illegal activities.The stranglehold Watson had over this section of Florida was not dissimilar to the unscrupulous activities of certain lawmen, other legal crooks, and even governors that our state was to suffer through its history. The control Watson had over this part of Florida was much similar to the dishonest or illegal activities of the law-enforcing officials and governors which Florida witnessed in the 20th century.There was the little shack, not the most gracious of living quarters, and there was a murderer for our nearest and only neighbor, about thirty miles away.Before the family built their own house,they lived in a shabby cabin at Gopher Key,close to the merciless Watson.King Richard in his gluttony neer sat at a table more sumptuous than ourswas three times a day...We had abundant food on the island,and even the meals enjoyed by King Richard,who was famous for his love of food,couldn't possibly compare with ours.Despite the unrelenting heat, we were happy to be let off from our hours of school indoors, sessions which our mother kept every day, rain or shine.Although it was very hot outside in the sun,we were happy to be dismissed from my mother's sessions indoors.we would have to read and write with her every day no matter what the weather was like. lesson 3 At war with the planetBut this image, now repeatedly thrust before us in photographs, posters, and advertisements, is misleading.The Earth we see in photos,posters,and ads,which appears so beautiful,is not the true reflection of the world we live in ,such image lulls us into complacency.The technosphere has become sufficiently large and intense to alter the natural processes that govern the ecosphere.Human activities have taken place over such large areas and with such intensity that they have already caused disastrous effects on ecology. ...which could establish itself only because it fitted properly into the preexisting system.the fish could play its role because it became a necessary link with the processes preceding it and the processes following it in the ecological system.Defined so narrowly, it is no surprise that cars have properties that are hostile to their environment.when cars are produced to serve such narrow purposes,it is not surprising that some of their characteristic qualities are harmful to the environment.22.Yields rose, but not in proportion to the rate of fertilizer application... the farmer applied more and more fertilizer,and the production did rise but did not increase at the same rate of the fertilizer.23...their waste is flushed into the sewer system altered in composition but not in amount at treatment plant...people eat plants and animals,and their waste is flushed into the sewer system.After being processed,the waste is still waste.the residue will go into rivers,oceans,and will have harmful effect on the aquatic ecosystem.24.Left to their own devices, ecosystems are conservative...if the ecosystems are not upset by outside intrusion,they will remain the same with very little change25.In contrast to the ecosphere, the technosphere is composed of objects and materials that reflect a rapid and relentless process of change and variation.the characteristics of the objects and materials in the technosphere are rapid change and great variety.26.But this is done only at the cost of understanding.if we take side in the war of the two words, we are doing so at the risk of failing to have a clear understanding of the nature and cause of the war,thus,we lose the chance to really solve the grave environmental crisis. Lesson4 nettlesHow all my own territory would be altered, ad if a landslide had gone through it and skimmed off all meaning except loss of Mike.the impact of Mike's leaving on my life was beyond my imagination.I didn't expect that Mike's leaving would have such a tremendous power that it would change the meaning of my existence completely.All my thoughts were about loss of Mike.During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman's mind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelled to discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and "The Cocktail Party".At that time,we were young mothers,and we were supposed to lead a terribly busy life full of confusion and bewilderment caused by giving birth to and raising babies.and our minds were supposed to be fully occupied by how to feed the babies and things like that.However,in the midst of all this we still felt the need to discuss some of the importantthinkers of our time like Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and T.S.Eliot's sophisticated work"The Cocktail Party"....I would be frightened, not of any hostility but of a kind of nonexistence.I would be frightened,and my fear was not caused by my neighbor's visibly hostile and violent way of life,but by a kind of formless and hidden emptiness and meaninglessness of human existence.What happened around me was totally irrelevant to me,and I felt very isolated and alienated.She did not ask me---was it delicacy or disapproval?---about my new life. She did not ask me about my new life,either out of subtle consideration for my feeling about this sensitive subject or out of disapproval for my new life style.It would be a sleazy thing to do, in the house of his friends.It would be a morally low thing,an indecent thing to commit infidelity in the house of a friend.I knew now that he was a person who had hit rock bottom.I knew that he was a person who had experienced the worst in life,the hardest experience a person might have to endure.He and wife knew that together and it bound them, as something like that would either break you apart or bind you, for life.They experienced the worst together and they knew what it was like and understood the meaning of that experience.such an experience posed thegravest test to people.if they stood the test,their friendship or marriage would be strengthened,and a sacred bondage would be formed between them.but if they failed the test,their relationship would be broken and they would flow on gently andNot risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickle, an underground resource. With the weight of this now stillness on it, this seal.If they acted on love,they would take risks.they wouldn't do that or go further in their relationship,but they would rather let their love remain as a sweet trickle,which would flow on gently and...Lesson 5 The One Against the Many1....the national rejection of dogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social and economic orderthere are such prejudices in an arrogant manner about the characteristic of the social order and economic order and they take it for granted.The country just rejected such prejudice.2 Nor can one suggest that Americans have been consistently vulnerability to secular ideology ever afterNo one can say that Americans have never been tempted by the approach of understanding ,preserving or transforming the world according to rigid dogmas..and any intellect so shaped was ...ever afterA mind influenced by Calvinist theology would surely find it somewhatdifficult to resist other ideological temptations to ideological thinking. Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid...experiencePragmatism is not completely free from abstract ideas just as ideology is not completely free from experience,that is to say,abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as experience has a role in ideology.As an ideologist,however,Jefferson....historical curiosityAs a man following a fixed set of beliefs,Jefferson is only an interesting historical figure.His beliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to present-day reality....whose central dogma is confided to the custody of an infallible priesthoodTheir central beliefs are imprisoned by the whole body of priests who are always effective....where free men may find partial truths,but where ...on Absolute Truth In this universe a person whose mind is unconstrained may be able to discover relation truths but no man on earth can claim that he has already grasped the one and only truth.But ideology is a drug; no matter how ...it still persists.Ideology has the characteristic of a narcotic.In spite of the fact that it has been proved wrong many times by experience, people still long to commit themselves to ideology....the only certainty in an .....abuseThe only thing that is sure of a despotic system is the unrestricted exercise of power.10. The distinctive human triumph...lies in the capacity to understand the frailty of human striving ...nonethelessThe most outstanding achievement of humanity is they know that no matter how hard they try,they cannot achieve Absolute truth,yet they continue to make great efforts and refuse to give upLesson6 Death of a pig1.It is a tragedy enacted on most farms with ...The murder,being premeditated,is in the first degree..and the smoked bacon and ham provide...questionedthe tragedy has an ending---the killing of a pig and the serving of its meat.The killing deliberately planned and carried out efficiently,is the most type of murder.However,whether pigs should end their lives that way has never been questioned.A pig couldn't ask for anything better or none has, at any rateA pig could not ask for any better living conditions;at least no pig has ever complained.In a word,my pig lived in a pleasant environmentYou could see him down there at all hours, his white face parting (i)stethoscope dangling ...and grinning his corrosive grinFred was quite excited about the event.He was down at the pigpen all the time.because of his swollen joints,he moved about unsteadily.His face setapart the grass along the fence as he moved about.He was like a doctor,with his long ,drooping ears dangling like a stethoscope,and he scrabbbled on the ground as if he were prescibing some medicine.When the enema bag appeared, and the bucket of warm suds, his happiness...full charge of the irrigationWhen it was time to dose the pig,Fred became even more excited,and he managed to get through the fence,and acted as if he was taking charge of the medical treatment....and the premature expiration of a pig is...a sorrow in which it feels fully involvedIf a pig dies before he is supposed to ,it is a serious matter for the whole community to remember.The whole community would share the sadness for his death.I have written this account in penitence and in grief,as a man who...and to explain my...so many raised pigsThe purpose of this essay is to show that I am sorry for what has happened to my pig,since I have failed to raise the pig and cannot provide a reason why my pig could didn't grow the way other pigs have grown. The grave in the woods is unmarked,but ...and I know he and I...on flagless ..own choosingThe pig's grave in the woods doesn't have a tombstone,but whenever somebody wants to visit it,Fred will show him the way.I know we willoften visit it,separate or together,when we need to ponder over problems or when we are depressed.Lesson 7 Inaugural addressFor man holds in his mortal hands....and all forms of human life. rendering it uninhabitable and lifeless....unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights... We do not want to see or to allow the slow destruction of those human rights.To those peoples in the huts and villages of half.....of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves...To the people of the underdeveloped countries living in poverty in rural areas,we are committed to helping them to rid themselves of mass poverty by their own efforts.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.But we should not let any communist power take advantage of this alliance for progress to expand its influence.And let every other power know that this....of its own house.We want to make clear to the communist powers that Americas are the Americas of the Americans.do not attempt to penetrate into this area. ...before the dark powers of destruction..... or accidental self-destruction. before the world is destroyed by a nuclear war launched in a preemptiveattack or caused by accident....yet both raing to alter the uncertain...of mankind's final war.Yet both sides attempt to get an edge in the nuclear arms race so as to break the mutual deterrence which has so far prevented the outbreak of a nuclear war....civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.To be ready to negotiate and establish friendly relations does not mean that we are weak or afraid.declarations of sincere intention have to be tested by actions.Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors. Let the two sides use the fruits of science for the benefit of humanity rather than using high-tech weapons to kill and destroy....each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty.There have been occasions for each generations of Americans to be called upon to fight and die for their country.Lesson 8 A rose for Emilybut garages and cotton gins had ...of that neighborhood...the street used to house only the best families.But then great changes took place:garages and cotton gins were established on the street and their existence wiped out the aristocratic traces in that neighbouhood.Not that Miss Emily would have accepted charity.It would not be true to say that miss emily would have accepted charity. "Just as if a man-any man-could keep a kitchen properly," the ladies said....What the ladies said meant that they did not in the least believe a man ,any man,could keep a kitchen properly.It was another link between the gross, teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons.The griersons regarded themselves as very important and the outside world as vulgar and full of people inferior to them.they belonged to two entirely different worlds.however,the complaints about the smell served as a link between the two different worlds and compelled miss emily to deal with the outside world.The next day th received two more.....in diffident deprecation.The next day the mayor received two more complaints.one of them was from a man who came and pleaded to the mayor in a shy and timid way. People in our town, remembering how old lady Wyatt.....a little too high for what the really were.People in the town felt that the Grierson family regarded themselves more important than they really deserved to be.the fact that miss emily great-aunt,old lady wyatt,had gone crazy had to do with this blind,excessive self-importance.Now she too would know the old thrill and the old despair of a penny more or less.Ordinary people often become excited or worried when they get a penny more or a penny less.Being poor,now she would learn to appreciate the value of money like other people in the town.But there were still other, older people, who...without calling it noblesse oblige.But there were still others,older people,who said that no matter how sad miss emily was (over her father death),she should not forget she had certain obligations as a member of the nobility,though a real lady would not describe her self-restraint by the expression noblesse oblige。

(完整word版)高级英语Paraphrase 和翻译

Lesson 1.Paraphrase：1. We're elevated 23 feet. (para 3)We' re 23 feet above sea level.2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. (para 3) 2. The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.3.We can batten down and ride it out. (para 4) 3. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.4. The generator was doused, and the lights went out. (para 9) 4. Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out.5. Everybody out the back door to the cars! (para 10) 5. Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.6. The electrical systems had been killed by water. (para 11) 6. The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.7. John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt. (para 17) 7. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.8. Get us through this mess, will You? (para 17) 8. ()h God, please help us to get through this storm safely.9. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away. (para 21) 9. Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.10. Janis had just one delayed reaction. (para 34) 10. Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.1.Simile: 1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparingthe passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire)2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the soundof the wind to the roar of a passing train)Metaphor : 1. We can batten down and ride it out. ( comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea) 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.)Translation1) 每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。

精读6 Paraphrase A Rose for Emily

A Rose for EmilyUnit 81. But garages and cotton gins had ...of that neighborhood... (p2)The street used to house only the best families. But then great changes took place: garages and cotton gins were established on the street and their existence wiped out the aristocratic traces in that neighborhood.2. Not that Miss Emily would have accepted charity. (p3)It would not be true to say that miss Emily would have accepted charity.3. "Just as if a man-any man-could keep a kitchen properly," the ladies said.... (p16) What the ladies said meant that they did not in the least believe a man, any man, could keep a kitchen properly.4. It was another link between the gross, teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons. (p16)The Griersons regarded themselves as very important and the outside world as vulgar and full of people inferior to them. They belonged to two entirely different worlds. However, the complaints about the smell served as a link between the two different worlds and compelled Miss Emily to deal with the outside world.5. The next day he received two more complaints, one from a man who came in diffident deprecation.(p21)The next day the mayor received two more complaints. One of them was from a man who came and pleaded to the mayor in a shy and timid way.6. People in our town, remembering how old lady Wyatt, her great-aunt, had gone completely crazy at last, believed that the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were.(p25)People in the town felt that the Grierson family regarded themselves more important than they really deserved to be. The fact that miss Emily great-aunt, old lady Wyatt, had gone crazy had to do with this blind, excessive self-importance.7. Now she too would know the old thrill and the old despair of a penny more or less.(p26)Ordinary people often become excited or worried when they get a penny more or a penny less. Being poor, now she would learn to appreciate the value of money like other people in the town.8. But there were still other, older people, who said that even grief could not cause a real lady to forget noblesse oblige- without calling it noblesse oblige.(p31)But there were still others, older people, who said that no matter how sad miss Emily was (over her father death), she should not forget she had certain obligations as a member of the nobility, though a real lady would not describe her self-restraint by the expression noblesse oblige.9. We were glad because the female cousins were even more grierson than miss Emily had ever been.(p45)We were glad because the cousins were even more stubborn and self important than miss Emily.10. and the very old men confusing time with its mathematical progression, as the old do, to whom all the past is not a diminishing road but, instead, a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches, divided from them by the narrow bottle-neck of the most recent decade of years. (p55)And the very old men confused the dates and years of past happenings. To the old people, all the past should be like a road that becomes smaller as it reaches further back. But to those old southerners, the recent past of ten years or so was like a bottleneck, a narrow passage, or a tunnel. Beyond that narrow passage, the remote past became a huge level meadow where things were pleasantly and fondly mixed up together. Like the green grass on the meadow never touched by the winter, their memories of the remote past remained blurred, sweet, romanticized and unchanged.。

现代大学英语精读基础英语paraphrase

现代大学英语精读基础英语paraphraseU n i t1T e x tⅠT h i n k i n g a s a H o b b y Paraphrases of the Text1.The leopard was Nature, and he was being natural.(3)The leopard symbolizes Nature,which stands for all animal needs or desires.美洲豹象征着自然，它在那里显得很自然而已。

2.Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth sense andleft me out.(15)Everybody, except me ,is born with the ability to thin大自然赋予其余的所有的人第六感觉却独独漏掉了我。

3.You could hear the wind trapped in the cavern of his chest andstruggling with all the unnatural impediments. His body would reelwith shock and his ruined face go white at the unaccustomed visitation.(19)你能听到风被他的胸腔堵住，遇到障碍物艰难前进发出的声音。

他的身体因为不习惯这样的感觉而摇摇晃晃，脸色变得惨白。

4.In this instance, he seemed to me ruled not by thought but by aninvisible and irresistible spring in his neck.(20)Mr. Houghton’s deeds told me that he was not ruled by thought, instead, he would feel a strong urge to turn his head and look at the girls.在这种情况下，我认为他不是受思想，而是受他后颈里某个看不到却无法抗拒的发条的控制。

现代大学英语精读6（1-10课）课文翻译

现代大学英语精读6（1-10课）课文翻译现代大学英语精读6课文翻译1如何使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚约翰·肯尼斯·高伯瑞(加尔布雷斯)1. 我很愿意严肃地考虑一种人类最古老的活动，这项活动持续了多年，实际上已经超过了几个世纪，那就是尝试怎样使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚。

2. 贫穷和富有从一开始就共生在一起，彼此很不愉快有时还充满危险。

普鲁塔克曾说，“贫富失衡乃共和政体最致命的宿疾。

”富有和贫穷持续共存产生的问题，特别是如何证明在其他人还贫穷时我们富有是有道理的这一问题，成为有思想有学问的人几百年来孜孜不倦地思考探索的问题。

直至当代状况依然如此。

3. 《圣经》提出了最初的解决之道，在现世遭受贫穷的人来世会得到更好的回报。

他们的贫穷是暂时的灾难，如果贫穷但却能顺从，他们将来就会成为世界的主人。

在某种程度上这就是最理想的解决办法。

由此，富人就可以一边嫉妒穷人的美好前途一边享受他们的财富。

4. 很长时间之后，即在1776年《国富论》发表的二三十年之后——在英国工业革命开始之后，贫富不均的问题及其解决办法开始具有了现代的形式。

杰罗米·边沁，这位与亚当·斯密几乎是同时代的人，提出了这样一种准则，在某种程度上，美国人认为这一准则在英国几乎50年来一直影响显著。

这就是实用主义学说。

“通过实用的原则，”边沁在1789年指出，“也就是通过这一原则来赞成或否定任何一种应运而生的看来似乎必定会增加或减少政党幸福的行为或做法，尽管政党的利益总是在讨论之中。

”实用，实际上一定是以自我为中心的。

然而，社会中只有少数人拥有大量财富，却有更多人没有财富。

只要遵循边沁的话——“最大的利益给最多的人”，就能够解决社会问题。

社会尽力满足更多的人，人们接受对于很多利益没被满足的人来说，结果极其不幸。

5. 在19世纪30年代，一种新的准则成为使我们不为穷人的存在感到内疚的有效办法，迄今为止它的影响也丝毫没有减弱。

现代大学英语精读paraphrase和translation

Lesson Two: Two KindsParaphrase1.I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size.I imagined myself as different types of prodigy, trying to find out which one suited me thebest.2.I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of won’ts.I had new thoughts, which were filled with a strong spirit of disobedience and rebellion.3.The girl had the sauciness of a Shirley Temple.The girl was Shirley Temple—like, slightly rude but in an amusing way.4.It felt like worms and toads and slimy things crawling out of my chest, but it also felt good, asif this awful side of me had surfaced, at last.When I said those words, I felt that some very nasty thoughts had got out of my chest, and so T felt scared. But at the same time I felt good, relieved, because those nasty things had been suppressed in my heart for some time and they had got out at last.5.And I could sense her anger rising to its breaking point. I wanted to see it spill over.I could feel that her anger had reached the point where her self—control would collapse, andI wanted to see what my mother would do when she lost complete control of herself.6.The lid to the piano was closed, shutting out the dust, my misery, and her dreams.When the lid to the piano was closed, it shut out the dust and also put an end to my misery. Phrases1.With almost no money down 几乎用不着交首付，几乎可以全部用贷款来买房2.The raised hopes and failed expectations 那些过高的希望和达不到的期盼3.Shorting out 短路4.The showpiece of our living room 我们起居室里的一件摆设5.Stiff-lipped smile 尴尬不自然的笑容6.Frighteningly strong 惊人地强大7.Follow their own mind 我行我素Sentence1.Instead of getting big fat curls, I emerged with an uneven mass of crinkly black fuzz.我的头发没有做出我要的大卷花，而是给我弄成一头乱蓬蓬的黑色小卷毛。

高英(现代大学英语)精读5 paraphrase 原文+译文

1.The job of arousing manhood within a people that have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody is not easy. It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans, the same as any other people.2.Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery. If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists, if you really respect yourself, thinking that you are a Man, equal to anyone else, you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination.3.The Negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation.The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro himself/herself. Only when he/she is fully convinced that he/she is a Man/Woman and is not inferior to anyone else, can be he/she throw off the manacles of self-abnegation and become free. 4.Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against that stands against love.Power in the best form of function is the carrying out of the demands of justice with love and justice in the best form of function is the overcoming of everything standing in the way of love with power.5.At that time, economic status was considered the measure of the individual’s ability and talents.At that time, the way to evaluate how capable and resourceful a person was to see how much money he had made(or how wealthy he was).6.The absence of worldly goods indicated a want of industrious habits and moral fiber.A person was poor because he was lazy and not hard-working and lacked a sense of right and wrong.7.It is not the work of slaves driven to their tasks either by the task, by the taskmaster or by animal necessity.This kind of work cannot be done by slaves who work because the work has to be done, because they are forced to work by slave-drivers or because they need to work in order to be fed and clothed.8.When the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated.When the unfair practice of judging human value by the amount of money a person has got is done away with.9.He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality. Those who harbor hate in their hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God. Only those who have love can enjoy the ultimate happiness in Heaven.10.Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds.Let us be dissatisfied until America no longer only talk about racial equality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practices racial as racial discrimination.1.I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size.I imagined myself being different types of prodigy, trying to find out which type would best suit me.2.I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of won’ts.Some new thoughts came to my mind, thoughts that I deliberately wanted to be disobedient, or to be more exact, thoughts that I would say lots of “ I won’t …” to my mother.3.The girl had a sauciness of a Shirley Temple.The girl was somewhat like Shirley Temple, a bit rude, but in an amusing way.4.It felt like worms and toads and slimy things crawling out of my chest, but it also felt good, as if this awful side of me had surfaced, at last. While saying these, I was scared as if some very unpleasant, horrible things had got out of my chest; but at the same time, I felt a bit delighted for I was finally able to make this awful part of me known to my mother.5.And I could sense her anger rising to its breaking point, I wanted to see it spill over.And I could feel that her anger was coming to the point where her endurance and self-control would collapse, but I wanted to see what exactly she would do when that happened.6.The lid to the piano was closed, shutting out the dust, my misery, and her dreams.When the lid to the piano was closed, it not only shut out the dust but also put an end to my misery and my mother’s dreams as well.1.Yet globalization…Is a reality, not a choice.However, as one report said, globalization “ is now an ordinary fact of life, not something one can choose to have or not.”2.Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties.Political groups favored by the general public have appeared in large numbers to take advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign “cultural assault.”3.Where xenophobia and economic ambition have often struggled for the upper hand.Where the two trends- the dislike and fear of things foreign and the desire to build China into one of a powerful, industrialized economy- have often contended with each other for dominance.4.Those people out there should continue to live in a museum while we will have showers that work.Those people in countries like China should continue to live a backward life while we ourselves will enjoy a comfortable life with all modern facilities.5.Westernization is a phenomenon shot through with inconsistencies and populated by very strange bedfellows. Westernization is a concept full of self-contradictions and held by people of very different backgrounds and views.6.You don’t have to be cool to do it; you just have to have the eye.You don’t have to look fashionable or attractive in order to find out what will be the future trend; you only need to be observant and be able to make judgments about it.7.He was up in the cybersphere far above the level of time zones.He was playing the game on the Internet with people living in different parts of the world, an activity that goes far beyond the limit of time zones.8.In the first two weeks of business the Gucci Store took in a surprising $100,000.In the first two weeks after starting business in Shanghai, the Gucci Store made as much as $100,000, a surprisingly large amount of money.9.Early on I realized that I was going to need some type of compass to guide me through the wilds of global culture.Early before that/ From the very beginning I realized I was going to need some guidance that would lead me through the rich and wide variety of global cultures.10.The penitence may have been Jewish, but the aspiration was universal.The way of expressing repentance may have been characteristic of the Jews, but the desire for forgiveness from God was common to people of all cultures.1.Pianos and models, Paris, Vienna and Berlin, masters and mistresses, are not needed by writer.Unlike a pianist or a painter who must have a piano or hire models, or visit famous cities like Paris, Vienna and Berlin, or to be taught by masters and mistresses, a writer does not need all this.2.she would have plucked the heart out of my writing.Those conventional attitudes and beliefs( represented by the Angel) would have taken away the essence/ soul of my writing.3.Thus, whenever I felt the shadow of her wing or the radiance of her halo upon my page, I took up the inkpot and flung it at her. Thus whenever I felt the influence of traditional Victorian values and attitudes( about gender roles) on my writing, I fought back with all my power.4.For though men sensibly allow themselves great freedom in these respects, I doubt that they realize or can control the extreme severity with which they condemn such freedom in women.This is because, even though men readily allow themselves full freedom in speaking or writing about such as the body and passions, I don’t think they realize how severely they condemn or can control their extremely severe condemnation of, such freedom in women.5.Indeed it will be a long time still, I think, before a woman can sit down to write a book without finding a phantom to be slain, a rock to be dashed against.No doubt, it will still take a long time, as I believe, before women are finally able to enjoy the freedom of writing without having to fight those conventional values, beliefs and prejudices that are unfavorable to them.6.Even when the path is nominally open- when there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant -there are many phantoms and obstacles, as I believe, looming in her way.Even though the path is now open to women in name only, when they have the freedom to choose to be a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant, I believe that there still exist many false ideas and obstacles to impede a woman’s progress.7.You have won rooms of your own in the house hitherto exclusively owned by men.By fighting against the Angel in the House and through your painstaking efforts, you have gained a position and some freedom in a society which has so far been dominated by men.1.It took me a long time and much painful boomeranging of my expectations to achieve a realization everyone elseappears to have been born with: that I am nobody but myself.It took me a long time to get rid of illusions and realize the simple and apparent truth that I am nobody but myself. It was a painful process. I started with high expectations only to be deeply disappointed and thoroughly disillusioned.2.And yet I am no freak of nature, nor of history. I was in the cards, other things having been equal (or unequal) 85 years ago. I am perfectly normal physically and I am a natural product of history; my growth reflects history. When things seemed likely to happen to me, other things has been equal (or unequal) 85 years ago.3.About eighty-five years ago they were told that they were free, united with others of our country in everything pertaining to the common good, and in everything social, separate like the fingers of the hand.About 85 years ago, they were told that they were freed from slavery and became united with the white people in all the essential things having to do with the common interests of our country, but in social life the blacks and whites still remain separated.4.In those pre-invisible days I visualized myself as a potential Booker T. Washington.In those days before I realized I was an invisible man, I imagined that I would become a successful man like Booker T. Washington.5.I wanted at one and the same time to run from the room, to sink through the floor, or go to her and cover her from my eyes of the others with my body; to feel the soft thighs, to caress her and destroy her, to love her and murder her.On the one hand, I felt so embarrassed that I wanted to run away from the ballroom. On the other hand I took pity on the girl and so wanted to protect the naked girl from the eyes of the other men. I wanted to love her tenderly because she was an attractive girl, but at the same time I wanted to destroy her because after all she was the immediate cause of our embarrassment.6.Should I try to win against the voice out there? Would not this go against my speech, and was not this a moment for humility, for nonresistance?If I should try my best and win the fight, then I would be winning against the bet of that white man, who shouted “I got my money on the big boy. " In that case I would not behave with humility, and yet my speech talked about humility as the essence of success. So maybe I should let that big boy win without putting up resistance, for this was time for me to show humility. 7. “ Cast down your bucket where you are” - cast it down in making friends in every manly way of the people of all races by whom we are surrounded.Make full use of what you have and do the best you can. Take this attitude in making friends in every honorable way, making friends with people of different races among whom we live.8.“You weren't being smart, were you, boy?" "We mean to do right by you, but you've got to know your place at all times.”You were not trying to seem clever in a disrespectful way, were you, boy? We intend to do the right thing by setting you up as role model, but you must never forget who you are.1. And I was conscious of his superiority in a way which was embarrassing and led to trouble.I knew that Oppenheimer was a man of great talent his way of showing his talent at seminars caused uneasiness and resentment among people, especially among his fellow students.2.This did not seem to be the sort of anecdote that would go over especially well at a conference devotes to poetry.Since those attending the conference were people devoted to poetry, such an anecdote, though interesting, might not be appreciated by the audience.3.Pitted against these excellent reasons for my not going to the conference were two others that finally carried the day. These were two reasons for my going to the conference ser against the reasons for my not going and they became decisive in my final decision.4.He is, for me, one of those people whose writing about their writing is more interesting than their writing itself. According to my view, Spender belongs to the group whose writings about their lives, experiences that is whose autobiographies, are more interesting than their literary works.5.Auden’s Dirac-like lucidity, the sheer wonder of the language, and the sense of fun about serious things …Were to me irresistible. Like Dirac, Auden was outstanding in clarity. He was also outstanding in the powerful use of the language and the sense of fun about serious issues. All these greatly fascinated me.6.Spender’s journal entry on his visit is fascinating both for what it says and for what it does not say.Spender’s record of this visit is interesting not only because of the things he mentions but also because of the things he doesn’t say.7.Oppenheimer appears in Spender’s journal as a disembodied figure with no contextual relevance to Spender’s own life. In his book Spender fails to give a connected, complete picture of Oppenheimer and does nit mention that Oppenheimer’s background and situation has quite a lot to do with Spender.8.The real thing was much better.The real person looked much better than the pictures.9.One probably should not read too much into appearance.Maybe one should not attach too much importance to appearance.10. He had outlived them all, but was still under their shadow, especially that of Auden…He had lived longer than any of his more famous friends but traces or influences of these friends, especially those of Auden, could still be found on him.1. Your imagination comes to life, and this, you think,is where Creation was begun.The landscape makes your imagination vivid and lifelike, and you believe that the creation of the whole universe was begun right here.2.But warfare for the Kiowas was preeminently a matter of disposition rather than of survival, and they never understood the grim ,unrelenting advance of the U.S. Cavalry.The Kiowas often fought just because they were good warriors, because they fought out of habit, character, nature, not because they needed extra lands or material gains for the sake of surviving and thriving. And they could not understand why the U.S. Cavalry never gave up pushing forward even when they had won a battle.3.My grandmother was spared the humiliation of those high gray walls by eight or ten years.Luckily my grandmother did not suffer the humiliation of being put into a closure for holding animals, for she was born eight or ten years after the event.4. It was a long journey toward dawn, and it led to a golden age.They moved toward the east, where the sun rises, and also toward the beginning of a new culture, which led to the treatest moment of their history.5.They acquired horses, and their ancient nomadic spirit was suddenly free of the ground.Now they got horses. Riding on horseback, instead of walking on football, gave them this new freedom of movement, thus completely liberating their ancient nomadic spirit.6.From one point of view, their migration was the fruits of an old prophecy, for indeed they emerged from a sunless world. In a sense, their migration confirmed the ancient myth that they entered the world from a hollow log, for they did emerge from the sunless world of the mountains.7.The Kiowas reckoned their stature by the distance they could see, and they were bent and blind in the wilderness.Their stature was measured by the distance they could see. Yet, because of the dense forests, they could not see very far, and they could hardly stand straight.8.Clusters of trees and animals grazing far in the distance cause the vision to reach away and wonder to build upon the mind. The earth unfolds and the limit of the land is far in the distance, where there are clusters of trees and animals eating grass. This landscape makes one see far and broadens one's horizon.9. Not yet would they veer southward to the caldron of the land that lay below;they must wean their blood from the northern winter and hold the mountains a while longer in their view.They would not yet change the direction southward to the land lying below which was like a large kettle. First they must give their bodies some time to get used to the plains. Secondly, they did not want to lose sight of the mountains so soon.10.I was never sure that I had the right to hear, so exclusive were they of all merely custom and company.I was not sure that I had any right to overhear her praying, which did not follow any customary way of praying, add which I guess she did not want anyone else to hear.11. Transported so in the dancing light among the shadows of her room she seemed beyond the reach of time. But that was illusion; I think I knew then that I should not see her again.In this way she was entranced in the dancing light among the shadows of her room, and she seemed to be timeless(what sh represented would last forever)12.The women might indulge themselves; gossip was at once the mark and compensation of their servitude.On these special occasions, women might make loud and elaborate jokes and talk among themselves. Their gossip revaeled their position as servants of men and a reward for their servitude.。

大学高级英语第六册课文Paraphrase自整理版本

L（一）esson 1 Sexism in School1. Education is not a spectator sport. (p3)Education is something that all students should participate in.2. When students participate in classroom discussion they hold more positive attitudestoward school, and that positive attitudes enhance learning. (p3)When students participate in classroom discussion they are more inclined to think that going to school is useful, and the positive attitudes facilitate learning.3. It is no coincidence that girls are more passive in the classroom and score lower thanboys on SATs. (p3)It is not surprising that the two things, namely, girls being more passive in the classroom and scoring lower than boys should be causally related.4. Most teachers claim that girls participate and are called on in class as often as boys.(p4)Most teachers state that girls participate and are asked to speak in class as often as boy.5. But a three-year study we recently completed found that this is not true; vocally, boysclearly dominate the classroom. (p4)Based on a three-year study, we found that this is not true; in terms of oral participation, boys clearly speak much more in classroom.6. When we showed teachers and administrators film of a classroom discussion andasked who was talking more, the teachers overwhelmingly said the girls were. (p4) When we showed teachers and people responsible for the running of a school a video of a classroom discussion and asked who was talking more, the teachers almost all said the girls were.7. But in reality, the boys in the film were out-talking the girls at a ratio of three to one.(p4)But in reality, the boys in the video were talking more than the girls at a speed of three to one.8. Half of the classroom covered language arts and English-subjects in which girlstraditionally have excelled; the other half covered math and science --- traditionally made domains. (p5)Half of the classroom covered the skills in using the language for effective communication and literary appreciation. And girls usually do better in these subjects.The other half covered math and science which traditionally belong to male field.9. Our research contradicted the traditional assumption that girls dominate classroomdiscussion in reading, while boys are dominant in math. (p7)Our research denied the truth of the traditional supposition that girls control classroom discussion in reading, while boys control the discussion in math.10. We found that whether the subject was language arts and English or math andscience, boys got more than their fair share of teacher attention. (p7)We found that whether the subject was skills in using the language for effective communication and English or math and science, boys got more teacher attention than is supposed to be fair.11. Some critics claim that if teachers talk more to male students, it is simply becauseboys are more assertive in grabbing their attention --- a classic case of the squeaky wheel getting the educational oil. (p8)Some critics state firmly that if teachers talk more to male students, it is simply because boys are more aggressive in catching their attention --- a typical example of the notice --- arresting students getting more attention from the teacher.12. However, male assertiveness is not the whole answer. (p8)However, male’s mere assertive cannot completely answer the question.13. Girls are often shortchanged in quality as well as in quantity of teacher attention. (p10)Girls are often not given enough teacher attention what they deserve in quality as well as in quantity.14. Years of experience have shown that the best way to learn something is to do ityourself; classroom chivalry is not only misplaced, it is detrimental. (p13)Years of experience have shown that the best way to learn something is to do it yourself; “let me do for you” behavior is not only improper, it is harmful.15. During classroom discussion, teachers in our study reacted to boys’ answers withdynamic, precise and effective responses, while they often gave girls bland and diffuse reactions. (p13)During classroom discussion, teachers in our study re acted to boys’ answers with energetic, accurate and effective responses, while they often gave girls indifferent and general reactions.16. Despite caricatures of school as a harsh and punitive place, fewer than 5 percent ofthe teachers’ reactions were critic ism, even of the mildest sort. (p15)Although school is often mockingly described as a place where students are badly treated and often punished.17. Too often, girls remain in the dark about the quality of their answers. (p18)Too often, girls are kept completely uninformed about the quality of their answers. 18. Unfortunately, acceptance, the imprecise response packing the least educationalpunch, gets the most equitable sex distribution in classroom. (p18)It is unfortunate that the least useful kind of feedback is distributed between boys and girls most impartially, while the more useful kinds of feedback are heavily biased towards boys. Thus the overall result is that the feedback boys receive much more beneficial than that for girls.19. Active students receiving precise feedback are more likely to achieve academically.And they are more likely to be boys. (p18)Any active student who receives precise feedback can achieve more in his or her studies. And boys are more likely to be active and to receive such feedback, and so are more likely to succeed.20. By high school, some girls become less committed to careers, although their gradesand achievement-test scores may be as good as boys’. (p20)By high school, some girls are not so devoted to the subject they have been studying, despite their academic study as good as boys’.21. Many girls’ interests turn to marriage or stereotypically female jobs. (p20)Many girls’ interests turn to marriage or jobs which are conventionally believed to betaken up by women only.22. The sexist communication game is played at work, as well as at school. (p23)The conversation among people which exhibits elements of sexism not exists in the field of work but also at school.23. Classes taught by these trained teachers had a higher level of intellectual discussionand contained more effective and precise teacher responses for all students. (p28) Classes taught by these trained teachers had a higher level of the discussion which is full of intelligence and contained more effective and accurate teacher responses for all students.Lesson 2 Philosophers among the Carrots1. I asked myself if it was still permissible to take pleasure in the profession ofhousewife and not be a traitor to the cause. (p1)I was wondering whether it is possible for me to get pleasure by working as ahousewife while at the same time still devoted to the Women’s Lib.2. I recalled Socrates saying that, “The unexamined life is not worth living,” and decidedthat maybe it was time to examine mine. (p1)I remembered Socrates’ saying that, “The life of few profound consideration andcareful choice is not a meaningful one”, and decided that maybe it was time to look at my life very carefully to see if any lessons could be drawn from it or any changes needed to be made in it.3. If I hadn’t been to college, I wouldn’t have been that significant analogy, I thoughtsmugly, depositing an orange pit in the sink as I finished the salad (or did I learn that in high school?). (p2)I feel proud of knowledge I have acquired from college which descend in scale. Isplitted an orange pit into the kitchen sink after I had finished eating the salad. (If I didn’t learn that in high school, which part of the compulsory education was, I should not feel so indebted to Women’s Lib.)4. Then, as I eyed a bowl of cooked carrots speculatively, sizing them up for carrot cakeof marinated vegetable salad and opting for the cake which I knew would be seconded by my husband and sons, (p3)Then, as I watched a bowl of cooked carrots thoughtfully, estimating whether they would be better for making salad, and deciding on the cake which I knew would be supported by my husband and three sons,5. I followed the train of my thoughts which was chugging off into philosophical realmsled by Archimedes who said, “Any object placed in a fluid displaces its weight; an immersed object displaces its volume,” (p3)My thoughts, led by Archimedes, wandered away into the kingdom of philosophy. He said, “When an object floats on the liquid we can know its weight, which is equal to the weight of the liquid it has displaced; when an object immersed in the liquid we can know its volume which is equal to the volume of the liquid it has displaced.”6. Muttering, along with Emerson, that “A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of littleminds…” I dumped in a couple of spoonfuls of applesauce to make it come out right.(p3)Saying in a low voice, quoting from Emerson that “To observe a rule rigidly is an abominable quality of unintelligent people” I poured a couple of spoonfuls of applesauce to taste better.7. Buddha has his Bo tree, I have my refrigerator. (p4)Just as Buddha received heavenly inspiration to found Buddhism under the Bo tree, so I get new understanding about housewives and philosophy by gazing into the depth of the refrigerator.8. You can’t ste p twice in the same river. (p4)Please rest assured that what you are washing today is different from what you washed yesterday.9. I saw about me the variety in unity and unity in variety spoken of by my aestheticsprofessor. (p4)I saw the principle spoken by my aesthetics professor which means to see uniformityin differences and see differences in uniformity. Applied to my case, “unity” means that all the clothes I had to wash were dirty clothes and “variety” means that every piece to be washed was different from every other piece.10. I indulged in aggressive fantasies against my dear family as I picked up a necktiedraped on a lamp, a pair of tennis shoes under the couch, a cache of peanut shells beneath a newspaper and remembering William James’ comment that“Even a pig has a philosophy,” I wondered angrily what theirs was. (p5)I allowed myself to develop a lot of hostile and angry thoughts against my dearhusband and three sons when I picked up a tie draped on a lamp, a pair of tennis shoes under the couch, a secret store of peanut shells beneath a newspaper and remembering William James’ comment that “Even a pig has an attitude to life.” So I wondered since they were like pigs, they must have had one too. (Anyone may find an excuse for their behavior.)11. ……wi th a wave of willfulness (p6)……with a sudden burst of determination to go my own way12. In my present state of mind I found this the quintessence of good sense and I walkedout of house and into the car, leaving the breakfast dishes on the table. (p6)In my present mood, I found this the best representation of human wisdom.13. I smiled enigmatically as I continued to stir the chicken soup and quoted AlexanderPope, “All chaos is but order misunderstood,” then added with composure that I had purchase a new dress. (p7)I smiled in a way which showed there was something secret about her when Icontinued to stir the chicken soup and quoted Alexander Pope, “All chaos is in fact not chaos, but is order which has been mistaken for chaos.”14. But, without becoming the least bit ruffled, I replied, in the words of Pascal, “Ah, butthe heart has its reasons the mind knows not of.” (p8)……sometimes you do something out of emotion which is not based on any reason. 15. Whatever is, is good. (p9)Reality is good. It is good, because everything is created by God.Lesson 3 The Power of Habit1. Habit is a second nature! Habit is ten times nature. (p1)Habit is a second born quality. It is so deeply fixed that you simply follow your habit without thinking.2. …… the degree to which this is true no one probably can appreciate as well as onewho is a veteran soldier himself. (p1)Only the experienced soldier can best recognize the truth of the duke’s statement.3. The daily drill and the years of discipline end by fashioning a man completely overagain, as to most of the possibilities of his conduct. (p1)It takes many years of daily training of mind and qualities to create a completely new person, as far as his possible patterns of behavior are connected.4. a practical joke (p2)sb. who plays a trick on sb. else so as to make the victim foolish5. The drill had been thorough, and its effects had become embodied in the man’snervous structure. (p2)The training had completed in any way, and its effects had become a part of man’s nervous system.6. Rider less cavalry-horses, at many a battle, have been seen to come together and gothrough their customary evolutions at the sound of the bugle-call. (p3)Without a rider, soldier who fight on horseback at many battles, have been to gather together and take part in their habitual drills as soon as they heard sound of trumpet.7. Most domestic beasts seem machines almost pure and simple, undoubting,unhesitatingly doing from minute to minute the duties they have been taught, and giving no sign that possibility of an alternative ever suggests itself to their mind. (p3) Most beasts raised at home are completely like machines, and no doubt, never hesitate to do the duties they have been taught all the time and give no indication that they have never come up with other options.8. …… by his new responsibilities, (p4)…… things he had to face or manage in the new environment,9. Habit is thus the enormous fly-wheel of society, its most precious conservative agent.(p4)Habit is a regulating force that maintains established order of society and prevents any sudden change in it.10. It alone is what keeps up all with the bounds of ordinance. (p4)It keeps us all in the different professional, geographical, or social positions designated to us by law or fate.11. It alone prevents the hardest and most repulsive walks of life from being deserted bythose brought up to tread therein. (p4)Because of habit, those who have been trained to work in that place since their childhood will not give up those most difficult and unpleasant occupation.12. It protects us from invasion by the natives of the desert and the frozen zone. (p4)It makes the natives of the desert and the frozen zone stay in their own place because of habit.13. It dooms us all to fight out the battle of life upon the lines of our nature or our earlychoice, and to make the best of a pursuit that disagrees, because there is no other for which we are fitted, and it is too late to begin again. (p4)Habit determines that one will stay and work hard till the end of life in a disagreeable occupation which he was brought to follow or chose early in our life, and try to accept and manage it as well as he can. Because there is no other choice for which we are suitable, and it is too late to begin again.14. Although at the age of twenty-five you see the professional mannerism settling downon the young commercial traveler. (p4)By age 25, your future career has been settled down and you have formed peculiar habits in work.15. You see the little lines of cleavage running through the character, the tricks of thought,the prejudices, the ways of the “shop”, in a word, from which the man can by-and-by no more escape than his coat sleeve can suddenly fall into a new set of folds. (p4) You get the general idea of the traits of one’s pe rsonality, the particular way of thinking, the personal preference, the ways in which one does one’s business, they are all fixed habits. Therefore, the man cannot escape his old habits he has acquired just as his coat sleeve cannot suddenly fall into a new set of folds which has been ironed into it.16. It is best he should not escape. (p4)It is most desirable he should not eacape.17. Hardly ever is a language learned after twenty spoken without a foreign accent;If one learns a language after the age of twenty, he will almost never sound like a native speaker, but only like a foreigner;18. Hardly, ever can a youth transformed to the society of his betters unclean andnasality and other vices of speech bred in him by the associations of his growing years. (p5)Any young man who has been promoted to a higher social position may learn to give up his nasal accents and other bad habits that have been brought up in him by his early education.19. An invisible law, as strong as gravitation, keeps him within his orbit, arranged thisyear as he was the last; and how his better-clad acquaintances continue to get the things they wear will be for him a mystery till his dying day. (p5)A person’s old habits, as powerful as gravity, make him to take control over hisbehaviors…20. It is to fund and capitalize our acquisitions, and live at ease upon the interest of thefound. (p6)The calculation of good habits formed is just like the investment of money in a project, if you can form a good habit in your early years, you can benefit a lot from them and enjoy the comfortable life in the future.21. The more of the details of our daily life we can hand over to the effortless custody ofautomatism, the more our higher powers of mind will be set free for their own proper work. (p6)Most of the trivial items in our life can become a habit and can be taken of ourconscious mind which therefore can be used for more important task.22. Full half the time of such a man goes to deciding, or regretting, of matters whichought to be so ingrained in him as practically not to exist for his consciousness at all.(p6)Such man spends not less than half of his time deciding or regretting which should be deeply fixed and really should not all matters for his conscious thinking at all.Lesson 4 The Invisible Japanese Gentlemen1. They spoke to each other rarely in their incomprehensible tongue. (p1)They hardly ever spoke during the meal, and when they did speak, they spoke in a way that the author cannot understand what they are talking about.2. Sometimes the pretty girl who sat in the window beyond gave them a passing glance,but her own problem seemed too serious for her to pay real attention to any in the world except herself and her companion. (p1)Sometimes the pretty girl who sat near window over there gave them a casual glance, but she was so much troubled by her own problem that she couldn’t pay any attentions to others but to herself and her fiancé.3. …… petite in a Regency way, oval like a miniature, though she had a harsh way ofspeaking --- perhaps the acc ent of the school, Roedean or Cheltenham Ladies’ College, which she not long ago left. (p2)…… her face was small, delicate, and clean, and was as oval-shaped as a miniature, representing the typical feminine face admired as perfect by Regency time, though she spoke in a firm, commanding tone and an upper-class manner, typical of those who had been educated at a highly prestigious school for upper-class young women, which she graduated not long ago.4. Her companion appeared a little distraught. (p4)Her partner seemed somewhat worried or upset about what to do next.5. I could see them as two miniatures hanging side by side on white wood panels. (p5)I could see them to be two small portraits hanging side by side as decorations for thesurface of a wall.6. He shoul d have been a young officer in Nelson’s navy in the days when a certainweakness and sensitivity were no bar to promotion. (p5)He should have had an easy access to promotion in Nelson’s navy despite some weakness and sensitivities as he had some feminine features which would be admired by people then.7. She deserved a better life. (p6)She could have enjoyed an easier life than toiling as a novelist.8. You know you don’t get on with him. This way we shall be quite independent. (p8)You know you don’t have a go od relationship with your uncle. If we do as I have said we shall be quite independent.9. My mother says that writing is a good crutch… (p13)She disapproves of writing as the main thing (a career), but though writing is good only as an auxiliary support.10. a pretty solid crutch (p14)If you should think writing is support, I would argue that it is a pretty solid support. It can be the main source of a living.11. I see what you mean. (p26)I understand what you are trying to say.12. I was on the side of his mother. It was a humiliating thought, but I was probably abouther mother’s age. (p26)I agreed with his mother that writing should not be a career, but only a support.Although knowing oneself to be old would cause discomfort and embarrassment, I was actually abo ut her mother’s age and therefore quite in a position to advise her and her future.13. …… “the long defeat of doing nothing well” (p27)…… “the frustration of being unable to write anything good for many years”14. ……, by performance and not by promise. (p27)……, by what you have actually written, not by any indication of potential success in you.15. I didn’t know you’d ever been there. (p29)The polite way of saying “I know you have never been there (so how can you write about a place you don’t know?)16. A fresh eye’s terribly important. (p30)It’s all good to see something new.17. Perhaps, we’d go better to marry when you come back. (p37)It will be more sensible of us to get married when you come back.18. ……couldn’t you observe a bit more near home? Here in London. (p47)……why go off to St. Tropez? Couldn’t you write something about here, about London?19. Darling, you’re awfully decorative, but sometimes --- well, you simply don’t connect.(p51)You look awfully good. (If we go out together, I can feel proud of being accompanied by such a handsome young man.) But you haven’t got intelligence, you absolutely don’t connect one meaning to author.20. …… bowed to each other, as though they were blocked in doorway. (p54)…… yielded apologetically to each other in such a manner as if the y have dumped into each other in a doorway, as one was going out and the other coming in21. I had thought the two young people matching miniatures, but what a contrast in factthere was. The same type of prettiness could contain weakness and strengthens.(p55)I had wrongly believed that the two young people were a good match for their looks.But now I saw they were so different in nature. The same pretty looks could mean a weak character in some people, but a strong character in others.22. Her Regency counterpart, I suppose, would have borne a dozen children without theaid of anesthetics, while he would have fallen an easy victim to the first dark eyes in Naples. (p55)If she had lived in Regency time, she would have been able to give birth to a dozen children without the use of anesthetics. However, if he had been a young officer inNelson’s navy and had called at the port of Naples, he would easily have been secured by the first Italian woman he met after setting foot ashore.23. I didn’t like to think of her as th e Mrs. Humphrey Ward of her generation --- not that Iwould live so long. (p55)I dreaded the thought of her becoming a well-established writer. This was notbecause I would live so long as to see her become another Mrs. Humphrey Ward, the Mrs. Humphrey Ward of her time. But this was because I was deeply aware that the further she went along a writer’s road, the more severely she was sure to suffer.24. Old ages saves us from the realization of a great many fears. (p55)Being old enable we to avoid seeing many unpleasant things happen. Because we are old, we will not live to see a great many things we fear actually happen.25. ……, and she didn’t look like Mrs. Humphrey Ward. (p55)……, Mrs. Humphrey Ward looked plain, while she looked pretty, and her photo on the back of the jacket would help make the book well received by reviewers as well as readers.26. Sometimes you are so evasive I think you don’t want to marry me at all. (p57)evasive: deliberately avoiding the major topic of getting married。

现代大学英语第六册paraphrase答案（整理版1,4,5,6,9,10,11）

现代大学英语第六册paraphrase答案（整理版1,4,5,6,9,10,11）Lesson 1 How to get the poor off our conscience1.Virtue is ... self-centered.By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest.2....(poverty) was a product of their excessive fecundity...The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.3....the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration.The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.4.It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature of to human society.5. It declined in popularity, and references to its acquired a condemnatory tone.People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually the target of criticism.6....the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it wasonly suspended.The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned, it had only been put off.7. ...only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenches, flashlights, coffee makers, andtoilet seats.Government officials, on the whole, are good, it is very rare that some would pay high prices for office equipment to get kickbacks.8.This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction.It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.9.Belief can be the servant of truth---but even more of convenience.Belief can be useful in the search for truth, but more often than not it is accepted because it is convenient and self-serving.10.George Gilder... Who tells too…the cruel spur of their own suffering to ensure effort...George Gilder advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great misery will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation, in other words, suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.Lesson4 nettles1.How all my own territory would be altered, ad if a landslide had gone through it andskimmed off all meaning except loss of Mike.The impact of Mike's leaving on my life was beyond my imagination. I didn't expect that Mike's leaving would have such a tremendous power that it would change the meaning of my existence completely. All my thoughts were about loss of Mike.2.During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman'smind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelledto discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and "The Cocktail Party".At that time, we were young mothers, and we were supposed to lead a terribly busy life full of confusion and bewilderment caused by giving birth to and raising babies. And our minds were supposed to be fully occupied by how to feed the babies and things like that. However, in the midst of all this we still felt the need to discuss some of the important thinkers of our time like Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and T.S.Eliot's sophisticated work "The Cocktail Party".3....I would be frightened, not of any hostility but of a kind of nonexistence.I would be frightened, and my fear was not caused by my neighbor's visibly hostile and violentway of life, but by a kind of formless and hidden emptiness and meaninglessness of human existence. What happened around me was totally irrelevant to me, and I felt very isolated and alienated.4.She did not ask me---was it delicacy or disapproval?---about my new life.She did not ask me about my new life, either out of subtle consideration for my feeling about this sensitive subject or out of disapproval for my new life style.5.I t would be a sleazy thing to do, in the house of his friends.It would be a morally low thing, an indecent thing to commit infidelity in the house of a friend.6.I knew now that he was a person who had hit rock bottom.I knew that he was a person who had experienced the worst in life, the hardest experience aperson might have to endure.7.He and wife knew that together and it bound them, as something like that would eitherbreak you apart or bind you, for life.They experienced the worst together and they knew what it was like and understood the meaning of that experience. Such an experience posed the gravest test to people. If they stood the test, their friendship or marriage would be strengthened, and a sacred bondage would be formed between them. but if they failed the test, their relationship would be broken and they would flow on gently and8.Not risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickle, an underground resource. Withthe weight of this now stillness on it, this seal.If they acted on love, they would take risks. They wouldn't do that or go further in their relationship, but they would rather let their love remain as a sweet trickle, which would flow on gently and...Lesson 5 The One Against the Many1. ....the national rejection of dogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social andeconomic orderThere are such prejudices in an arrogant manner about the characteristic of the social order and economic order and they take it for granted. The country just rejected such prejudice.2. Nor can one suggest that Americans have been consistently vulnerability to secular ideology ever after No one can say that Americans have never been tempted by the approach of understanding, preserving or transforming the world according to rigid dogmas.3.and any intellect so shaped was ...ever afterA mind influenced by Calvinist theology would surely find it somewhat difficult to resist otherideological temptations to ideological thinking.4. Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid...experiencePragmatism is not completely free from abstract ideas just as ideology is not completely free from experience, that is to say, abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as experience hasa role in ideology.5. As an ideologist, however, Jefferson....historical curiosityAs a man following a fixed set of beliefs, Jefferson is only an interesting historical figure. His beliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to present-day reality.6....whose central dogma is confided to the custody of an infallible priesthoodTheir central beliefs are imprisoned by the whole body of priests who are always effective. 1....where free men may find partial truths, but where ...on Absolute TruthIn this universe a person whose mind is unconstrained may be able to discover relation truths but no man on earth can claim that he has already grasped the one and only truth.2.But ideology is a drug; no matter how ...it still persists.Ideology has the characteristic of a narcotic. In spite of the fact that it has been proved wrong many times by experience, people still long to commit themselves to ideology.3....the only certainty in an.....abuseThe only thing that is sure of a despotic system is the unrestricted exercise of power.10. The distinctive human triumph...lies in the capacity to understand the frailty of humanstriving ...nonethelessThe most outstanding achievement of humanity is they know that no matter how hard they try, they cannot achieve Absolute truth, yet they continue to make great efforts and refuse to give up.Lesson6 Death of a pig1. It is a tragedy enacted on most farms with ...The murder, being premeditated, is in thefirst degree...and the smoked bacon and ham provide...questionedThe tragedy has an ending---the killing of a pig and the serving of its meat. The killing deliberately planned and carried out efficiently, is the most type of murder. However, whether pigs should end their lives that way has never been questioned.2. A pig couldn't ask for anything better or none has, at any rateA pig could not ask for any better living conditions; at least no pig has ever complained. In aword, my pig lived in a pleasant environment3.You could see him down there at all hours, his white face parting ...his stethoscopedangling ...and grinning his corrosive grinFred was quite excited about the event. He was down at the pigpen all the time. Because of his swollen joints, he moved about unsteadily. His face set apart the grass along the fence as he moved about. He was like a doctor, with his long, drooping ears dangling like a stethoscope, and he scrabbled on the ground as if he were prescribing some medicine.4.When the enema bag appeared, and the bucket of warm suds, his happiness...full chargeof the irrigationWhen it was time to dose the pig, Fred became even more excited, and he managed to get through the fence, and acted as if he was taking charge of the medical treatment.5....and the premature expiration of a pig is...a sorrow in which it feels fully involvedIf a pig dies before he is supposed to, it is a serious matter for the whole community to remember. The whole community would share the sadness for his death.6.I have written this account in penitence and in grief, as a man who...and to explainmy...so many raised pigsThe purpose of this essay is to show that I am sorry for what has happened to my pig,since I have failed to raise the pig and cannot provide a reason why my pig could didn't grow the way other pigs have grown.7.The grave in the woods is unmarked, but ...and I know he and I...on flagless …ownchoosingThe pig's grave in the woods doesn't have a tombstone, but whenever somebody wants to visit it, Fred will show him the way.I know we will often visit it, separate or together, when we need to ponder over problems or when we are depressed.Lesson 9 The Bluest Eye1.Perhaps because they don’t have hometowns……and it never leaves them.This is perhaps because they only have places of birth, but no places where there feel at home and which they identify themselves with. But these girls are strongly influenced by their hometowns, and the influence stays with them forever even they leave their hometowns.2.Wherever it erupts, this Funk, they wipe it away…they find it and fight it until it dies.The brown girls try hard to repress their emotions and passions. However, these natural human emotions cannot be wiped out totally. Sometimes they will emerge and burst out. And they will develop, become stronger and stay with them. So whenever and wherever this Funk bursts out, the brown girls will do their best to stifle it.3.As long as his needs were physical, she could meet them—comfort and satiety.If these needs were physical, she could meet them. She could make him comfortable and give him enough or even more than enough to satisfy his physical needs.4.She had seen this little girl all of her life.Geraldine had seen black girls like Pecola at many places and many times in the past.5.Eyes that questioned nothing and asked everything.On the one hand, they (girls like Pecola) were ignorant and uncomprehending. They did not ask the question that why their lives were so miserable. On the other hand, as they were poverty-stricken and practically had nothing, their eyes revealed their desire for anything that could make their lives easier.6.The end of the world lay in their eyes, and the beginning, and all the waste in between.In the eyes of these girls one can see that they were in despair, without any hope for the future, and that their life was nothing but a waste.7.Th e girls grew up knowing nothing of girdles……the bills of their caps backward.As the girls were growing into young women, they had neverworn girdles to make their figure look slimmer, and thus more elegant; and when the boys grew up, they just began to wear their caps with the bills turned backward to indicate that they had become adults.Lesson 10 Notes on the English Character1.Saint George may caper on banners and……who delivers the goods.As Saint George is a hero, the person of arms, symbolizing chivalry, his image often appears on banners, and his name is often mentioned in the speeches of politicians. Saint George is used as a symbolic figure for political purposes. But John Bull is a tradesman and he delivers the goods we need in our daily life while making money at the same time.2.With its boarding-houses, its compulsory games……all proportion to itsnumbers.The English public schools have unique features. First, all boys live in boarding houses. Second, sports and games are organized and compulsory as part of the school curricular. Third, older students have special duties to help control younger students while the latter must do jobs for the former. Lastly, great emphasis is placed on good form and team spirit. These features enable the public school students to have disproportionately great influence.3.Note the word “bankrupt”……anxious to meet any liabilities.Pay attention to my use of the word “bankrupt”, a word related to business. This reveals my identity as a member of the commercial nation, who would be careful and sensible enough to avoid any risks of failing to pay their debts.4.But my friend spoke as an Oriental……but of kingly munificence andsplendor.But my friend expressed his views as a member of the Oriental countries. They are nourished by a tradition of great generosity and richness, which is different from the English tradition of middle-class prudence.5.True love in this differs from gold and clay……not to take away.In this aspect, true love is different from material things such as clay or even gold which can be divided and taken away. Yet, if we share true love, it will never diminish.6.I will now descend from that dizzy……my business of notetaking.In the above anecdote, I have become an example of the English man for the moment. That put men in a high position which makes me dizzy and its unfamiliar to me. I will now come down from that height and return to my role as your commentator on the characteristics of the English man.7.Such a combination is fruitful, and anyone who possesses it had gone a longway toward being brave.The Englishman’s nervous system acts promptly and feels slowly. The combination of the two qualities is useful, and anyone who has this combination is most likely to be brave.8.Since literature rests on national character……hidden spirits…we see.As literature is based on national character, there must be in the English nature hidden resources of passion that have produced the great romantic literature we see.9.“Oh, I’m used to Bernard Shaw; monkey tricks don’t hurt me.That kind of criticism is just like Bernard Shaw’s attacks. It is nothing new and I’m used to these tricks and jokes; they won’t do any harm to me.10.And the “tolerant humorous attitude”...bounded by the titter and the guffaw.The Englishmen think they have a tolerant and humorous attitude toward criticism.In fact it is not so, because their attitude is limited by uncomfortable laughter, which indicates that beneath the surface of their tolerant humorous attitude, they are uneasy. When they try to be humorous and brush aside criticism, they would titter and guffaw. Such uncomfortable laughter is a sign of uneasiness.11.The cats are all out of their bags, and diplomacy cannot recall them.I have already made all my opinions known to you. What is said is said, and beingdiplomatic cannot unsay what has been said.Lesson 11 Beauty1.The festival of marriage has……can see their glory.In wedding ceremony, time seems to go slowly so everybody, even a fool, could observe things clearly and see how wonderful they are.2.So I can make up my darling……in her girlhood.My daughter may feel she has missed something when she was young. If so, I wish I could make compensation to her now, before she is married.3.The glow of happiness has to cool……crystalli ze into memory.With the passing of time, you will feel a bit more detached from the happy event and then you can recall things more clearly and they will stick in your mind.4. A wedding gown will eventually grow ……seep out of the brightest day.The clothes made for the occasion of wedding, though kept in a box specially treated to repel moths, will have a moldy smell as time goes on; flowers will gradually lose their color and die and even the brightest day will grow dim.5.I feel certain that genuine bea uty……alone but out in the world.I firmly believe that true beauty is not shallow and it exists not because we think itexists but because it actually exists outside of us.6.Yet I persist in believing there is……this tingle than an evolutionary reflex.An evolutionary response cannot adequately explain why there is this physical feeling of excitement. There must be another more important reason—beauty.7.You cannot pursue the law of nature……without pumping into the beauty.If you try to study the law of nature, very soon you will encounter beauty. The study of the law of nature will inevitably lead to the discovery of beauty.8.Because the Creation puts……beauty is free and inexhaustible.Since the birth of the universe, everything in it has revealed its own wonder continuously. Unlike ordinary commodities which cost money and whose supply is limited, beauty is free and inexhaustible.9.Beauty feeds us from the same source that created us.When God created us, He also created beauty.10. I find in that infinity a profound source of meaning and hope.This close relationship makes us see life is meaningful and worth living. Human beings are exactly and wonderfully made for life on Earth. We are powerful. We can appreciate beauty. We have a bright future.。

现代大学英语精读6 paraphrase 原文+译文版

Lesson one1.Virtue is, indeed must be, self-centered.(para4)正确的行动是，确实也必须是以自我为中心的。

By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest.2.The essentials are familiar: the poverty of the poor was the fault of the poor. And it was because it was product of their excessive fecundity…..(para5)他的基本观点为人熟知：穷人的贫穷是他们咎由自取，贫穷是热门过度生育的结果The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.3.Poverty being caused in the bed meant that the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration. (para6)贫穷源于过度生育意味着富人不应该为产生贫穷和解决贫穷承担责任The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.4.It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God(para8)这是自然规律和上帝的意志在起作用。

It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature or to human society.5.It declined in popularity, and reference to it acquired a condemnatory tone.(para9)然而在20世纪，人们认为社会学中的达尔文进化论有点过于残酷，遭到了普遍的质疑，人们提及它都带有谴责的口吻。

现代大学英语精读6 A rose for eminey25-28讲解

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• We had long thought of them as a tableau, Miss Emily a slender figure in white in the background, her father a spraddled silhouette in the foreground, his back to her and clutching a horsewhip, the two of them framed by the back-flung front door. (Para. 25)
• One interpretation: the father was blocking the Her slender figure suggests door , suggesting Miss a symbol of Emily was unable to walk vulnerability, and her white power,and authority, out dress of the house symbolizes purity. choose her suitor freely. and strict control • Another interpretation: the door was open for suitors but the suitors were driven away by the father.
• P: Ordinary people often become excited or worried by having a penny more or a penny less. Being poor, now she, familiar, experienced, heard too, would learn to appreciate the value of money, like the or seen many times before other people in the town. • How did Miss Emily behave when her father died? (Para. 27) • She told the ladies who came to see her that her father was not dead. She refused to let anybody in her house. She behaved in this way for three days. Then she broke down.

大学高级英语第六册课文Paraphrase自整理版本之欧阳史创编

Lesson 1 Sexism in Schoolcation is not a spectator sport. (p3)Education is something that all students should participate in.3. When students participate in classroom discussionthey hold more positive attitudes toward school, and that positive attitudes enhance learning. (p3) When students participate in classroom discussion they are more inclined to think that going to school is useful, and the positive attitudes facilitate learning.4. It is no coincidence that girls are more passivein the classroom and score lower than boys on SATs. (p3)It is not surprising that the two things, namely, girls being more passive in the classroom and scoring lower than boys should be causally related.5. Most teachers claim that girls participate andare called on in class as often as boys. (p4)Most teachers state that girls participate and are asked to speak in class as often as boy.6. But a three-year study we recently completedfound that this is not true; vocally, boys clearly dominate the classroom. (p4)Based on a three-year study, we found that this is not true; in terms of oral participation, boys clearly speak much more in classroom.7. When we showed teachers and administrators filmof a classroom discussion and asked who was talking more, the teachers overwhelmingly said the girls were. (p4)When we showed teachers and people responsible for the running of a school a video of a classroom discussion and asked who was talking more, the teachers almost all said the girls were.8. But in reality, the boys in the film were out-talking the girls at a ratio of three to one. (p4) But in reality, the boys in the video were talking more than the girls at a speed of three to one.9. Half of the classroom covered language arts andEnglish-subjects in which girls traditionally have excelled; the other half covered math and science --- traditionally made domains. (p5)Half of the classroom covered the skills in using the language for effective communication and literary appreciation. And girls usually do better in these subjects. The other half covered math and science which traditionally belong to male field.10. Our research contradicted the traditionalassumption that girls dominate classroom discussion in reading, while boys are dominant in math. (p7)Our research denied the truth of the traditional supposition that girls control classroom discussion in reading, while boys control the discussion in math.11. We found that whether the subject was languagearts and English or math and science, boys got more than their fair share of teacher attention.(p7)We found that whether the subject was skills inusing the language for effective communication and English or math and science, boys got more teacher attention than is supposed to be fair. 12. Some critics claim that if teachers talk more tomale students, it is simply because boys are more assertive in grabbing their attention --- a classic case of the squeaky wheel getting the educational oil. (p8)Some critics state firmly that if teachers talk more to male students, it is simply because boys are more aggressive in catching their attention --- a typical example of the notice --- arresting students getting more attention from the teacher.13. However, male assertiveness is not the wholeanswer. (p8)However, male’s mere assertive can not completely answer the question.14. Girls are often shortchanged in quality as wellas in quantity of teacher attention. (p10)Girls are often not given enough teacher attention what they deserve in quality as well as in quantity.15. Years of experience have shown that the best wayto learn something is to do it yourself;classroom chivalry is not only misplaced, it is detrimental. (p13)Years of experience have shown that the best way to learn something is to do it yourself; “let me do for you” behavior is no t only improper, it is harmful.16. During classroom discussion, teachers in ourstudy reacted to boys’ answers with dynamic, precise and effective responses, while they often gave girls bland and diffuse reactions. (p13)During classroom discussion, teachers in our study reacted to boys’ answers with energetic, accurate and effective responses, while they often gave girls indifferent and general reactions.17. Despite caricatures of school as a harsh andpunitive place, fewer than 5 percent of the teachers’ reacti ons were criticism, even of the mildest sort. (p15)Although school is often mockingly described as aplace where students are badly treated and often punished.18. Too often, girls remain in the dark about thequality of their answers. (p18)Too often, girls are kept completely uninformed about the quality of their answers.19. Unfortunately, acceptance, the imprecise responsepacking the least educational punch, gets the most equitable sex distribution in classroom.(p18)It is unfortunate that the least useful kind of feedback is distributed between boys and girls most impartially, while the more useful kinds of feedback are heavily biased towards boys. Thus the overall result is that the feedback boys receive much more beneficial than that for girls.20. Active students receiving precise feedback aremore likely to achieve academically. And they are more likely to be boys. (p18)Any active student who receives precise feedback can achieve more in his or her studies. And boys are more likely to be active and to receive suchfeedback, and so are more likely to succeed.21. By high school, some girls become less committedto careers, although their grades and achievement-test scores may be as good as boys’.(p20)By high school, some girls are not so devoted to the subject they have been studying, despite their academic study as good as boys’.22. Many girls’ interests turn to marriage orstereotypically female jobs. (p20)Many girls’ interests turn to marriage or jobs which are conventionally believed to be taken up by women only.23. The sexist communication game is played at work,as well as at school. (p23)The conversation among people which exhibits elements of sexism not exists in the field of work but also at school.24. Classes taught by these trained teachers had ahigher level of intellectual discussion and contained more effective and precise teacher responses for all students. (p28)Classes taught by these trained teachers had a higher level of the discussion which is full of intelligence and contained more effective and accurate teacher responses for all students. Lesson 2 Philosophers among the Carrots1. I asked myself if it was still permissible totake pleasure in the profession of housewife and not be a traitor to the cause. (p1)I was wondering whether it is possible for me toget pleasure by working as a housewife while at the same time still devoted to the Women’s Lib. 2. I recalled Socrates saying that, “The unexaminedlife is not worth living,” and decided that maybe it was time to examine mine. (p1)I remembered Socrates’ saying that, “The lifeof few profound consideration and careful choice is not a meaningful one”, and decided that maybe it was time to look at my life very carefully to see if any lessons could be drawn from it or any changes needed to be made in it.3. If I hadn’t been to college, I wouldn’t havebeen that significant analogy, I thought smugly,depositing an orange pit in the sink as I finished the salad (or did I learn that in high school?). (p2)I feel proud of knowledge I have acquired fromcollege which descend in scale. I splitted an orange pit into the kitchen sink after I had finished eating the salad. (If I didn’t learn that in high school, which part of the compulsory education was, I should not feel so indebted to Women’s Lib.)4. Then, as I eyed a bowl of cooked carrotsspeculatively, sizing them up for carrot cake of marinated vegetable salad and opting for the cake which I knew would be seconded by my husband and sons, (p3)Then, as I watched a bowl of cooked carrots thoughtfully, estimating whether they would be better for making salad, and deciding on the cake which I knew would be supported by my husband and three sons,5. I followed the train of my thoughts which waschugging off into philosophical realms led byArchimedes who said, “Any object pla ced in a fluid displaces its weight; an immersed object displaces its volume,” (p3)My thoughts, led by Archimedes, wandered away into the kingdom of philosophy. He said, “When an object floats on the liquid we can know its weight, which is equal to the weight of the liquid it has displaced; when an object immersed in the liquid we can know its volume which is equal to the volume of the liquid it has displaced.”6. Muttering, along with Emerson, that “A foolishconsistency is the hobgoblin of little minds…”I dumped in a couple of spoonfuls of applesauceto make it come out right. (p3)Saying in a low voice, quoting from Emerson that “To observe a rule rigidly is an abominable quality of unintelligent people” I poured a couple of spoonfuls of applesauce to taste better.7. Buddha has his Bo tree, I have my refrigerator.(p4)Just as Buddha received heavenly inspiration tofound Buddhism under the Bo tree, so I get new understanding about housewives and philosophy by gazing into the depth of the refrigerator.8. You c an’t step twice in the same river. (p4)Please rest assured that what you are washing today is different from what you washed yesterday.9. I saw about me the variety in unity and unity invariety spoken of by my aesthetics professor. (p4)I saw the principle spoken by my aestheticsprofessor which means to see uniformity in differences and see differences in uniformity.Applied to my case, “unity” means that all the clothes I had to wash were dirty clothes and “variety” means that every piece to be washed was different from every other piece.10. I indulged in aggressive fantasies against mydear family as I picked up a necktie draped on a lamp, a pair of tennis shoes under the couch, a cache of peanut shells beneath a newspaper and remembering William James’ comment that “Even a pig has a philosophy,” I wondered angrily what theirs was. (p5)I allowed myself to develop a lot of hostile andangry thoughts against my dear husband and three sons when I picked up a tie draped on a lamp, a pair of tennis shoes under the couch, a secret store of peanut shells beneath a newspaper and remembering William James’ comment that “Even a pig has an attitude to life.” So I wondered since they were like pigs, they must have had one too. (Anyone may find an excuse for their behavior.)11. ……with a wave of willfulness (p6)……with a sudden burst of determination to go my own way12. In my present state of mind I found this thequintessence of good sense and I walked out of house and into the car, leaving the breakfast dishes on the table. (p6)In my present mood, I found this the best representation of human wisdom.13. I smiled enigmatically as I continued to stir thechicken soup and quoted Alexander Pope, “All chaos is but order misunderstood,” then addedwith composure that I had purchase a new dress.(p7)I smiled in a way which showed there wassomething secret about her when I continued to stir the chicken soup and quoted Alexander Pope, “All chaos is in fact not chaos, but is order which has been mistaken for chaos.”14. But, without becoming the least bit ruffled, Ireplied, in the words of Pascal, “Ah, but the heart has its reasons the mind knows not of.”(p8)……sometimes you do something out of emotion which is not based on any reason.15. Whatever is, is good. (p9)Reality is good. It is good, because everything is created by God.Lesson 3 The Power of Habit1. Habit is a second nature! Habit is ten timesnature. (p1)Habit is a second born quality. It is so deeply fixed that you simply follow your habit without thinking.2. …… the degree to which this is true no oneprobably can appreciate as well as one who is a veteran soldier himself. (p1)Only the experienced soldier can best recognize the truth of the duke’s statement.3. The daily drill and the years of discipline endby fashioning a man completely over again, as to most of the possibilities of his conduct. (p1)It takes many years of daily training of mind and qualities to create a completely new person, as far as his possible patterns of behavior are connected.4. a practical joke (p2)sb. who plays a trick on sb. else so as to make the victim foolish5. The drill had been thorough, and its effects hadbecome embodied in the man’s nervous structure.(p2)The training had completed in any way, and its effects had become a part of man’s nervous system.6. Rider less cavalry-horses, at many a battle, havebeen seen to come together and go through their customary evolutions at the sound of the bugle-call. (p3)Without a rider, soldier who fight on horseback at many battles, have been to gather together and take part in their habitual drills as soon as they heard sound of trumpet.7. Most domestic beasts seem machines almost pureand simple, undoubting, unhesitatingly doing from minute to minute the duties they have been taught, and giving no sign that possibility of an alternative ever suggests itself to their mind.(p3)Most beasts raised at home are completely like machines, and no doubt, never hesitate to do the duties they have been taught all the time and give no indication that they have never come up with other options.8. …… by his new responsibilities, (p4)…… things he had to face or manage in the new environment,9. Habit is thus the enormous fly-wheel of society,its most precious conservative agent. (p4)Habit is a regulating force that maintains established order of society and prevents any sudden change in it.10. It alone is what keeps up all with the bounds ofordinance. (p4)It keeps us all in the different professional, geographical, or social positions designated to us by law or fate.11. It alone prevents the hardest and most repulsivewalks of life from being deserted by those brought up to tread therein. (p4)Because of habit, those who have been trained to work in that place since their childhood will not give up those most difficult and unpleasant occupation.12. It protects us from invasion by the natives ofthe desert and the frozen zone. (p4)It makes the natives of the desert and the frozen zone stay in their own place because of habit. 13. It dooms us all to fight out the battle of lifeupon the lines of our nature or our early choice,and to make the best of a pursuit that disagrees, because there is no other for which we are fitted, and it is too late to begin again. (p4)Habit determines that one will stay and work hard till the end of life in a disagreeable occupation which he was brought to follow or chose early in our life, and try to accept and manage it as well as he can. Because there is no other choice for which we are suitable, and it is too late to begin again.14. Although at the age of twenty-five you see theprofessional mannerism settling down on the young commercial traveler. (p4)By age 25, your future career has been settled down and you have formed peculiar habits in work. 15. You see the little lines of cleavage runningthrough the character, the tricks of thought, the prejudices, the ways of the “shop”, in a word, from which the man can by-and-by no more escape than his coat sleeve can suddenly fall into a new set of folds. (p4)You get the general idea of the traits of one’spersonality, the particular way of thinking, the personal preference, the ways in which one does one’s business, they are all fixed habits.Therefore, the man cannot escape his old habits he has acquired just as his coat sleeve cannot suddenly fall into a new set of folds which has been ironed into it.16. It is best he should not escape. (p4)It is most desirable he should not eacape.17. Hardly ever is a language learned after twentyspoken without a foreign accent;If one learns a language after the age of twenty, he will almost never sound like a native speaker, but only like a foreigner;18. Hardly, ever can a youth transformed to thesociety of his betters unclean and nasality and other vices of speech bred in him by the associations of his growing years. (p5)Any young man who has been promoted to a higher social position may learn to give up his nasal accents and other bad habits that have been brought up in him by his early education.19. An invisible law, as strong as gravitation, keepshim within his orbit, arranged this year as he was the last; and how his better-clad acquaintances continue to get the things they wear will be for him a mystery till his dying day.(p5)A person’s old habits, as powerful as gravity,make him to take control over his behaviors…20. It is to fund and capitalize our acquisitions,and live at ease upon the interest of the found.(p6)The calculation of good habits formed is just like the investment of money in a project, if you can form a good habit in your early years, you can benefit a lot from them and enjoy the comfortable life in the future.21. The more of the details of our daily life we canhand over to the effortless custody of automatism, the more our higher powers of mind will be set free for their own proper work. (p6)Most of the trivial items in our life can becomea habit and can be taken of our conscious mindwhich therefore can be used for more important task.22. Full half the time of such a man goes to deciding,or regretting, of matters which ought to be so ingrained in him as practically not to exist for his consciousness at all. (p6)Such man spends not less than half of his time deciding or regretting which should be deeply fixed and really should not all matters for his conscious thinking at all.Lesson 4 The Invisible Japanese Gentlemen1. They spoke to each other rarely in theirincomprehensible tongue. (p1)They hardly ever spoke during the meal, and when they did speak, they spoke in a way that the author cannot understand what they are talking about.2. Sometimes the pretty girl who sat in the windowbeyond gave them a passing glance, but her own problem seemed too serious for her to pay real attention to any in the world except herself and her companion. (p1)Sometimes the pretty girl who sat near window over there gave them a casual glance, but she was so much troubled by her own problem that she couldn’t pay any attentions to others but to herself and her fiancé.3. …… petite in a Regency way, oval like aminiature, though she had a harsh way of speaking --- perhaps the accent of the school, Roedean or Chelten ham Ladies’ College, which she not long ago left. (p2)…… her face was small, delicate, and clean, and was as oval-shaped as a miniature, representing the typical feminine face admired as perfect by Regency time, though she spoke in a firm, commanding tone and an upper-class manner, typical of those who had been educated at a highly prestigious school for upper-class young women, which she graduated not long ago.4. Her companion appeared a little distraught. (p4)Her partner seemed somewhat worried or upset about what to do next.5. I could see them as two miniatures hanging sideby side on white wood panels. (p5)I could see them to be two small portraitshanging side by side as decorations for the surface of a wall.6. He should have been a young officer in Nelson’snavy in the days when a certain weakness and sensitivity were no bar to promotion. (p5)He should have had an easy access to promotion in Nelson’s navy despite some weakness and sensitivities as he had some feminine features which would be admired by people then.7. She deserved a better life. (p6)She could have enjoyed an easier life than toiling as a novelist.8. You know you don’t get on with him. This way weshall be quite independent. (p8)You know you don’t have a good relationship with your uncle. If we do as I have said we shall be quite independent.9. My mother says that writing is a good crutch…(p13)She disapproves of writing as the main thing (acareer), but though writing is good only as an auxiliary support.10. a pretty solid crutch (p14)If you should think writing is support, I would argue that it is a pretty solid support. It can be the main source of a living.11. I see what you mean. (p26)I understand what you are trying to say.12. I was on the side of his mother. It was ahumiliating thought, but I was probably about her mother’s age. (p26)I agreed with his mother that writing should notbe a career, but only a support. Although knowing oneself to be old would cause discomfort and embarrassment, I was actually about her mother’s age and therefore quite in a position to advise her and her future.13. …… “the long defeat of doing nothing well”(p27)…… “the frustration of being unable to write anything good for many years”14. ……, by performance and not by promise. (p27)……, by what you have actually written, no t by any indication of potential success in you.15. I didn’t know you’d ever been there. (p29)The polite way of saying “I know you have never been there (so how can you write about a place you don’t know?)16. A fresh eye’s terribly important. (p30)It’s all goo d to see something new.17. Perhaps, we’d go better to marry when you comeback. (p37)It will be more sensible of us to get married when you come back.18. ……couldn’t you observe a bit more near home?Here in London. (p47)…… why go off to St. Tropez? Couldn’t yo u write something about here, about London?19. Darling, you’re awfully decorative, butsometimes --- well, you simply don’t connect.(p51)You look awfully good. (If we go out together, I can feel proud of being accompanied by such a handsome young man.) But you haven’t gotintelligence, you absolutely don’t connect one meaning to author.20. …… bowed to each other, as though they wereblocked in doorway. (p54)…… yielded apologetically to each other in sucha manner as if they have dumped into each otherin a doorway, as one was going out and the other coming in21. I had thought the two young people matchingminiatures, but what a contrast in fact there was.The same type of prettiness could contain weakness and strengthens. (p55)I had wrongly believed that the two young peoplewere a good match for their looks. But now I saw they were so different in nature. The same pretty looks could mean a weak character in some people, but a strong character in others.22. Her Regency counterpart, I suppose, would haveborne a dozen children without the aid of anesthetics, while he would have fallen an easy victim to the first dark eyes in Naples. (p55)If she had lived in Regency time, she would havebeen able to give birth to a dozen children without the use of anesthetics. However, if he had been a young officer in Nelson’s navy and had called at the port of Naples, he would easily have been secured by the first Italian woman he met after setting foot ashore.23. I didn’t like to think of her as the Mrs.Humphrey Ward of her generation --- not that I would live so long. (p55)I dreaded the thought of her becoming a well-established writer. This was not because I would live so long as to see her become another Mrs.Humphrey Ward, the Mrs. Humphrey Ward of her time.But this was because I was deeply aware that the further she went along a writer’s road, the more severely she was sure to suffer.24. Old ages saves us from the realization of a greatmany fears. (p55)Being old enable we to avoid seeing many unpleasant things happen. Because we are old, we will not live to see a great many things we fear actually happen.25. ……, and she didn’t look like Mrs. HumphreyWard. (p55)……, Mrs. Humphrey Ward looked plain, while she looked pretty, and her photo on the back of the jacket would help make the book well received by reviewers as well as readers.26. Sometimes you are so evasive I think you don’twant to marry me at all. (p57)evasive: deliberately avoiding the major topic of getting married。

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