【最新】雅思阅读真题题源：Biological Pest Control-word范文 (2页)
高二生物学与生态系统英语阅读理解30题
高二生物学与生态系统英语阅读理解30题1<背景文章>Rainforests are one of the most remarkable ecosystems on Earth. They are characterized by their lush vegetation, high humidity, and abundant rainfall. The tropical rainforest is home to an incredibly diverse range of plant and animal species.The biodiversity of rainforests is truly astonishing. There are countless species of plants, from towering trees to delicate orchids. These plants provide food and shelter for a vast array of animals, including colorful birds, playful monkeys, and elusive jaguars. The complex web of life in the rainforest is maintained by a delicate balance of interactions between different species.However, rainforests are facing numerous threats. Deforestation is one of the major concerns. Logging, agriculture, and urban expansion are all contributing to the destruction of these precious ecosystems. Climate change is also having an impact, as it alters rainfall patterns and temperatures, affecting the survival of many species.To protect rainforests, various measures need to be taken. Conservation efforts should focus on sustainable logging practices, protecting key habitats, and raising awareness about the importance ofthese ecosystems. International cooperation is crucial to ensure the long-term survival of rainforests.1. The tropical rainforest is known for its ___.A. low humidityB. sparse vegetationC. high humidityD. dry climate答案：C。
2017年10月28日雅思阅读机经真题及答案解析
【导语】2017年10⽉28⽇雅思阅读考试已结束，以下是整理的2017年10⽉28⽇雅思阅读机经真题及答案解析，仅供参考。
⼀、考试概述： 本次考试的⽂章两篇旧题⼀篇新题，第⼀篇是关于长寿的影响因素，第⼆篇是跟英国农村房屋的分布相关的，第三篇介绍了游戏对记忆的好处。
⼆、具体题⽬分析 Passage 1： 题⽬: 长寿的影响因素 题型：暂⽆ 新旧程度：新题 ⽂章⼤意：暂⽆ 参考⽂章：暂⽆ 参考答案：暂⽆ Passage 2： 题⽬：Exploring the British Village 题型：标题配对7+填空题6 新旧程度：旧题 ⽂章⼤意：英国村庄 参考答案： 段落细节配对: 1. iv 2. v 3. i 4. vii 5. viii 6. ix 7. ii 填空题： 8. cottage 9. Domesday Book 10. self sufficient 11. remnants 12. defense 13. triangular (答案仅供参考) Passage 3： 题⽬: Video-games’ Unexpected Benefits to Human Brain(游戏的好处) 题型：单选题4 +判断题4+⼈名配对5 新旧程度：旧题 ⽂章⼤意：讲游会对⼤脑产⽣哪些好处，⽐如会让孩⼦聪明，教授孩⼦⾼级思维⽅式，真正锻炼⼤脑，能让孩⼦思考如何更好的分配资源，如何合作等等。
参考⽂章： Video Games’ Unexpected Benefits to Human Brain A James Paul Gee, professor of education at the University of Wisconsin Madison, played his first video game years ago when his six-year-old son Sam was playing Pajama Sam: No Need to Hide When It’s Dark Outside. He wanted to play the game so he could support Sam’s problem solving. Though Pajama Sam is not an “educational game”, it is replete with the types of problems psychologists study when they study thinking and learning. When he saw how well the game held Sam’s attention, he wondered what sort of beast a more mature video game might be. B Video and computer games, like many other popular, entertaining and addicting kid’s activities, are looked down upon by many parents as time wasters, and worse, parents think that these games rot the brain. Violent video games are readily blamed by the media and some experts as the reason why some youth become violent or commit extreme anti-social behavior. Recent content analyses of video games show that as many as 89% of games contain some violent content, but there is no form of aggressive content for 70% of popular games. Many scientists and psychologists, like James Paul Gee, find that video games actually have many benefits - the main one being making kids smart. Video games may actually teach kids high-level thinking skills that they will need in the future. C “Video games change your brain,” according to University of Wisconsin psychologist Shawn Green. Video games change the brain’s physical structure the same way as do learning to read, playing the piano, or navigating using a map. Much like exercise can build muscle, the powerful combination of concentration and rewarding surges of neurotransmitters like dopamine, which strengthens neural circuits, can build the player’s brain. D Video games give your child’s brain a real workout. In many video games, the skills required to win involve abstract and high level thinking. These skills are not even taught at school. Some of the mental skills trained by video games include: following instructions, problem solving, logic, hand-eye coordination, fine motor and spatial skills. Research also suggests that people can learn iconic, spatial, and visual attention skills from video games. There have been even studies with adults showing that experience with video games is related to better surgical skills. Jacob Benjamin, doctor from Beth Israel Medical Center NY, found a direct link between skill at video gaming and skill at keyhole or laparoscopic surgery. Also, areason given by experts as to why fighter pilots of today are more skillful is that this generation’s pilots are being weaned on video games. E The players learn to manage resources that are limited, and decide the best use of resources, the same way as in real life. In strategy games, for instance, while developing a city, an unexpected surprise like an enemy might emerge. This forces the player to be flexible and quickly change tactics. Sometimes the player does this almost every second of the game giving the brain a real workout. According to researchers at the University of Rochester, led by Daphne Bavelier, a cognitive scientist, games simulating stressful events such as those found in battle or action games could be a training tool for real world situations. The study suggests that playing action video games primes the brain to make quick decisions. Video games can be used to train soldiers and surgeons, according to the study. Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad is Good For You: How Today’s Popular Culture, says gamers must deal with immediate problems while keeping their long-term goals on their horizon. Young gamers force themselves to read to get instructions, follow storylines of games, and get information from the game texts.。
托福阅读真题第200篇PestControl（答案文章最后）
托福阅读真题第200篇PestControl（答案文章最后）Pest ControlParagraph 1：Many pest species that are native to North America, such as white-footed mice and ground moles, are more nuisance pests and are usually regulated by native predators and parasites. This situation is not true for nonindigenous pests in North America, such as brown rats and cockroaches. After centuries, it is evident that these pests cannot be eradicated. The best that can be done is to introduce pest control measures that will control their numbers.1. What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about nonindigenous pests such as brown rats and cockroaches?O Attempts to limit the size of their populations have been unsuccessful.O They have inhabited North America longer than white-footed mice and ground moles.O Their numbers cannot usually be controlled by native predators and parasites.O They do not pose as many problems for humans as do white-footed mice and ground moles.Paragraph 2：And ancient and popular means of pest control is chemical. For example, the Sumerians used sulfur to combat crop pests, and by the early 1800s such chemicals as arsenic were used to combat insect and fungal pests.Paragraph 3：However, chemical control has its dark side. Chemical pesticides have many unintended consequences through their effects not just on the target species but on a wide array of nontarget species as well, often eliminating them and thereby upsetting the existing food webs, especially through thesuppression of native predator species. The surviving pests then rebound in greater numbers than ever.2. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.O Chemical pesticides often eliminate species other than the intended target and thereby upset food webs, especially by suppressing native predator species.O Native predator species are often eliminated by chemical pesticides that are intended to have consequences for other pests.O Chemical pesticides upset existing food webs by eliminating native species and by increasing the number of nonnative predators.O The effects of chemical pesticides on a wide array of food webs and native predators are often unintended.Paragraph 4：Perhaps more insidious is that a pesticide loses its effectiveness because the target species evolves resistance to it. As one pesticide replaces another, the pests acquire a resistance to them all. Some species, notably certain mosquitoes, have overcome the toxic effects of every pesticide to which they have been exposed. Insect pests need not only about five years to evolve pesticide resistance; their predators do so much more slowly. So after the pest develops resistance, pest outbreaks become even more disastrous.Paragraph 5：Farmer long ago observed that enemies of pests act as controls. As early as 300 B.C.E., the Chinese were introducing predatory ants into their citrus orchards to control leaf-eating caterpillars. Insect pests have their own array ofenemies in their native habitats. When an animal or plant is introduced, intentionally or unintentionally, into a new habitat outside of its natural range, it may adapt to the new environment and leave its enemies behind. Free from predation and finding and abundance of resources, the species quickly becomes a pest or a weed. This fact had led to the search for natural enemies to introduce into populations of pests to reduce their populations.3. In paragraph 5, the author mentions the Chinese use of predatory ants to control pests in order toO support the claim that using pests’ natural enemies is a pest control technique that has been known for a long time O show that pests’ enemies introduced unintentionally have proved more dangerous than those introduced intentionallyO help explain that when pests’ enemies find enough resources, they can become pests themselvesO argue that a pest insect in its native habitat always has a predator in that habitat4. According to paragraph 5, why is a species likely to become a pest when it is introduced into a new habitat?O The species becomes more effective at escaping from its enemies.O The species has no natural predators in its new habitat.O The species adapts to habitats outside its natural range.O The species does not have to compete for resources with other plants and animals.Paragraph 6：Because the serious pest is usually a nonnative species, biological control involves the introduction of a nonindigenous predator or parasite to control the pest. The introduction of the cactus-eating moth, a native of Argentina,into Australia effectively reduced and controlled the rapidly spreading prickly pear, which had been introduced into Australia in 1901.5. In paragraph 6, the discussion of the cactus-eating moth and the prickly pear in Australia illustrates which of the following about biological control?O Nonnative pests cannot be controlled through biological means once they have begun to spread rapidly.O A nonnative pest can sometimes be controlled by the introduction of a nonnative predator.O A nonindigenous pest can be controlled only by a predator that comes from the same original habitat as the pest.O A native pest can be controlled by either a native or a nonnative predator.Paragraph 7：But biological control, like chemical control, can backfire. The success of the cactus-feeding moth in controlling prickly pear in Australia encouraged its introduction to several West Indies islands to control prickly pear there. In time the moth made its way to Florida, where it now threatens the existence of several native prickly pear species. The moral is that although using nonindigenous predators as biological controls can be effective, these species possess their own inherent dangers that must be assessed before they are released. They, too, can become alien invaders.6. The author discusses the cactus-feeding moth in Florida in order toO explain why the prickly pear species that are native to Florida have no indigenous predatorsO show how a predator spreads more rapidly in alien environments than it does in its native environmentO indicate that a single nonindigenous predator species can be effective against a wide array of nonindigenous pest species O argue that controlling pests with nonindigenous predators can have unintended consequencesParagraph 8：Because chemical, biological, and other methods used individually are obviously not the solution to pest control, entomologists have developed a holistic approach to pest control, called integrated pest management (IPM). IPM considers the biological, ecological, economic, social, and even aesthetic aspects of pest control and employs a variety of techniques. The objective of IPM is to control the pest not at the time a major outbreak but at an earlier time, when the size of the population is easier to control. The approach is to rely first on natural mortality caused by weather and natural enemies, with as little disruption of the natural system as possible, and to use other methods only if they are needed to hold the pest below the economic injury level.7. According to paragraph 8, each of the following is a principle of integrated pest management EXCEPTO to control pest populations before a major outbreak occursO to first determine if weather and natural enemies are able to control a pestO to increase the populations of the pest’s natural enemies during certain seasons of the yearO to use artificial methods of pest control only when pests begin to cause economic injuryParagraph 9：Successful IPM requires the knowledge of the population ecology of each pest and its associated species and the dynamics of the host species. It involves considerable fieldwork monitoring the pest species and its natural enemies by such techniques as egg counts and the trapping of adults to acquire information to determine the necessity, timing, and intensity of control measures. These control measures must be adjusted to the situation, which may vary from one location to another. The intensity of control or no control is based on the degree of pest damage that can be tolerated, the costs of control, and the benefits to be derived.8. According to paragraph 9, each of the following helps to determine how intensely to apply pest control measures EXCEPT O how much pest damage can be toleratedO the cost of pest control measuresO what can be gained through pest control measuresO whether pest control measures have been used beforeParagraph 4：Perhaps more insidious is that a pesticide loses its effectiveness because the target species evolves resistance to it. As one pesticide replaces another, the pests acquire a resistance to them all. ■Some species, notably certain mosquitoes, have overcome the toxic effects of every pesticide to which they have been ex posed. ■Insect pests need not only about five years to evolve pesticide resistance, their predators do so much more slowly. ■So after the pest develops resistance, pest outbreaks become even more disastrous.■9. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.And the damage will continue until a new pesticide is developed, at which time the cycle will begin anew.Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square [■] to add the sentence to the passage.10. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summaryof the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. Drag your choices to the spaces where they belong. To review the passage, click on View Text.Pest control measures vary in their approach and overall degree of success.Answer ChoicesO Biological methods of pest control were introduced by the ancient Sumerians, and chemical control was first used in ancient China.O Biological control, for example, the use of natural enemies of pests, has been effective at regulating nonnative pests, though it can also threaten the existence of native species.O Integrated pest management is a holistic approach that has been successful at controlling major pest outbreaks in locations where chemical and biological control have already failed.O Pesticides are limited in their usefulness because pests quickly become resistant to them, and because they can harm species for which they were not intended.O The success of biological and chemical approaches to pest control has been difficult to measure because situations vary significantly from one location to another.O Integrated pest management, an approach that consider biological, ecological, economic, and aesthetic aspects of pest control, uses a variety of techniques adjusted to specific situations.。
2015年3月12日雅思口语预测
2015年3月12日雅思口语预测2015年3月12日雅思口语预测下载：/20150210/jj-zy-15021003.html?seo=wenku2281 2015年3月12日雅思口语预测已经在小马过河独家发布了，考生可以复制链接直接进入免费索取下载使用。
用来备考3月12日的雅思考试。
TEST 3Passage 1 Striking back at lighting with lasers 用激光驯服闪电本文探讨了科学家试图控制闪电的方法研究，大致遵循了时间和问题研究的基本顺序，分别叙述了最开始的用rocket到最后用激光法的各种探讨。
Passage 2 The nature of Genius 天才秉性本文探讨了人们对于天才这个概念的逐步认识以及一些误区，最后推出自己的观点及天才与普通人只不过是在不同领域有特长而已，他们其实还是寻常人。
Passage 3 How does the biological clock tick 生物钟之谜本文探讨了生物钟在控制生命长度上的作用，分别从生物钟的作用原理，和其在各个不同生物的不同区别等方面进行探讨，结尾处提出用生物钟来延长生命这个话题。
TEST 4Passage 1 The land of the rising sum 成长中的数学帝国本文探讨了日本蒸蒸日上的数学教育及其成功的主要原因。
开篇及引出话题，之后分别通过描述日本数学教育背景，上课模式，家庭作业形式，帮助落后学生等不同方面介绍了日本教育方面，最后总括其能成功和值得学习的核心方面。
基本是总分结构。
Passage 2 Biological control of pests 病虫害的生物防治法本文探讨了病虫害的防治方法，开篇从化学方法的负面作用说起，应证生物防治法出现的必要性和合理性，之后通过举例详细探寻了生物防治法的有效性。
遵循了发现问题-解决问题的脉络。
2015年3月12日雅思口语预测下载：/20150210/jj-zy-15021003.html?seo=wenku2281。
雅思阅读真题附答案及解析
智课网IELTS备考资料雅思阅读真题附答案及解析摘要：雅思阅读真题附答案及解析，雅思阅读真题附答案及解析是小编整理汇总的最新的雅思阅读真题，在如此紧张的备考环节，大家就应该多看看雅思阅读真题，会大大提高你的效率，更多精彩内容请关注小马科技雅思频道官网。
Passage 1主题：科技类 (新题)题目：英国的酒精燃料题型：填空，判断文章大意：乙醇作为新燃料的提炼过程和与汽油的对比参考答案：1-5 判断题1.因果农民不太可能会为了制造乙醇燃料大种甘蔗 (True)2.在的农名讲扩大生产更多乙醇植物 (True)3.A gallon ethanol have more engineer than a gallon gasoline. (NG)4.在将来美国将会有充足的crop在制造氢气。
(false)5.乙醇的生产者会尽量减少生产过程中使用的能量。
(NG)6-10 填空题distillerligninremainsbioreactorfiber备考建议：科技类文章不太好理解，而且生词会比较多。
建议大家在考前可以多多积累相关题材的词汇。
参考阅读：C542Passage 2题材：历史考古类 (旧题)题目：costal archaeology of Britain题型：单选，判断，多选参考答案：单选：B，C， D判断题：True， False, True, False, NG, True, True多选：BDF备考建议：历史类文章不难理解，且这篇文章的题型都是顺序题型，为我们做题大大降低了难度。
参考阅读：C7T1P1 Let’s go, batsPassage 3：题材：语言类题目：The Origin of Language文章大意：语言的起源，语言与音乐的关系参考阅读：C931 Attitudes to Language以上就是小马过河雅思频道小编为大家汇总的雅思阅读真题附答案及解析，希望同学们能静下心来准备下一轮的考试，加油!成功是属于你们的。
高一生物学与环境保护英语阅读理解25题
高一生物学与环境保护英语阅读理解25题1<背景文章>Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth. It includes the diversity of species, genes, and ecosystems. Biodiversity is extremely important for many reasons. Firstly, it provides us with essential resources such as food, medicine, and raw materials. Secondly, it helps maintain the balance of nature. Different species play different roles in ecosystems, and their interactions keep the ecosystem stable.However, biodiversity is currently facing many threats. Habitat destruction due to human activities such as deforestation and urbanization is one of the major threats. Pollution, climate change, and overexploitation of natural resources also pose significant challenges to biodiversity.To protect biodiversity, we need to take several measures. We should reduce habitat destruction by protecting forests and other natural habitats. We also need to control pollution and reduce greenhouse gas emissions to mitigate the effects of climate change. Additionally, sustainable use of natural resources and conservation of endangered species are crucial.Protecting biodiversity is not only important for the survival of countless species but also for the well-being of humanity. We must all take responsibility and work together to ensure the survival and prosperity oflife on Earth.1. Biodiversity includes the diversity of ___.A. species onlyB. genes onlyC. ecosystems onlyD. species, genes, and ecosystems答案：D。
雅思阅读真题及参考答案
雅思阅读真题及参考答案2017雅思阅读真题及参考答案在准备雅思阅读复习的时候，可以通过做一些真题来提高做题效率。
为此店铺为大家带来雅思考试阅读真题以及参考答案。
雅思考试阅读真题及答案The Afghan army says at least ten members of the T aliban have been beheaded by rival militants from the Islamic State group in the east of the country. The beheadings followed weeks of fierce fightings between the two groups. Mark Lobell reports from Kabul.“The revelations emerged in a secret memo from the Afghan army’s 201th Col mistaken ly sent to the media on Wednesday. The document says that a Taliban attack on a government-held area in the remote action district close to the border with Pakistan was repelled by the army. Then ten fleeing insurgents were captured by Islamic State militants and beheaded. This is the first known beheadings of Taliban members by Islamic State linked fighters who have reportedly been trying to recruit soldiers from the Taliban.”South African police have launched a preliminary investigation into allegations that the country’s football association paid a $10 million bribe to FIFA officials to host the 2010 World Cup. The claim emerged as part of a corruption scandal that engulfed FIFA. South Africa’s Finance Minister Nhlanhla Nene said he had seen no indication of financial wrong doing.“We were very vigorous and then all the available information that we save before those instructions were intensely interrogated and I can attest that none of such evidence eversurfaced in those meetings.”Britain’s Sports Minister John Whittingdale says there’s a strong case for rerunning the bids to host the World Cup in 2018 and 2022 if there’s evidence of corruption. FIFA awarded the tournaments to Russia and Qatar.The Chinese authorities say they are planning to right the cruise ship that overturned in the Yangtze River on Monday. More than 450 people on board, but only 14 are known to have survived. From Jianli on the Yangtze River, John Sudworth reports.“The divers have been battling near 0 visibility and serious risks i n trying to search ship’s 150 compartments. The body recovery work had begun to gather pace after holes were cut into the Eastern Star’s exposed upturned hull allowing workers to enter from above, but it now seems the engineers have decided the best option is to raise the 4-decked cruise ship out of the water. Hooks have been well in the place and the net has been stretched around the entire structure.”Google has apologized to the India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi after his photo appeared in Internet search results for the world’s top ten criminals. Here's Anberison at Rajkot."Google said the way images were described on the Internet could lead to surprising results to specific queries and they were not reflective of the opinions of the company. Google’s apology came after many Indian politicians and commentators expressed concern on social media. Despite the company’s apology, an image search for the world’s top ten criminals still shows pictures of Mr Modi alongside the wanted militants, murders and dictators."马里恩·马歇尔为你播报BBC新闻。
雅思阅读第096套P2-The_...
雅思阅读第096套P2-The_...If asked to name the deadliest insect in the world, most people would search their minds for some sinister-looking spiders or scorpions, or exotic garden pests. However, if we define 'deadly’ in terms of the number of people who die directly as a result of the insect, one of them leads the field, by far: the mosquito. As a blood-sucking pest, it transmits diseases to over 700 million people a year, killing a fair proportion of them in the process. No other insect comes even close to this.Although all mosquitoes are nectar feeders, the females also need protein from a blood meal in order to produce eggs. To find this, they have a keen sense of smell, detecting the sweat and other organic compounds of mammals, such as the carbon dioxide they exhale. Scientific tests have proven that some people attract more mosquitoes than others, presumably having a better 'scent profile’ —in fact, so adept are female mosquitoes at following these trails, they can infiltrate buildings through pipeways and air-conditioning ducts as they move inexorably towards their victims. Upon biting, they inject an anti-coagulating saliva into the flesh, and it is this fluid (and not their blood) which may contain the range of viral and parasitical nasties for which mosquitoes are notorious.Yet even without such diseases, mosquitoes are an irritating nuisance which can occasionally cause serious injury. Upon being bitten, the body’s immune system is activated, and subsequent bites trigger antibodies which cause inflammation and itching, particularly with young children. More bites can increase such sensitivity, resulting in pronounced swelling and blistering —wounds which can occasionally become infected, particularlywhen scratched. Two famous victims of infected mosquito bites are Lord Carnarvon, the Egyptologist who played a role in the discovery of Tutankhamen’s tomb, and the British poet, Rupert Brooke, passing away in Egypt and Greece, respectively.But the real danger will always be mosquito-borne diseases. Dengue fever, West Nile virus, and several encephalitis-type diseases are all modern day killers. A less deadly but more insidious example is filariasis, a disease named from the thread-l ike parasites which migrate to the body’s lymphatic system, causing parts of the body to permanently swell to grotesque proportions. Yet, as distressing as all this is, in terms of its death toll, the worst disease is undoubtedly malaria. Carried by the Anopheles mosquito, this parasite causes fever, shivering, joint pains, vomiting, and, if left untreated, a painful death. It infects over two million people a year, most of them children, killing over one quarter in the process.The Aedes Aepypti mosquito is the species responsible for that other great killer: yellow fever. This is a viral disease, but limited to tropical areas, primarily in Africa, but also Central and South America. After high lever, nausea, and joint pains, the virus attacks the liver, ca using the host’s skin to turn yellow (hence the name), with death following some days later. Its toll is much smaller than malaria, with about 200,000 infections and 30,000 deaths every year, mostly in Africa. Unlike malaria, there exists a vaccine, and extensive vaccination programs sponsored by the WHO have had some success, whilst travelers to disease-prone areas are usually similarly protected.With such a death toll, it took a surprisingly long time before the link between mosquitoes and disease was realised. This is exemplified in the construction of the Panama Canal —thatambitious project to excavate a passageway for ships through that narrow Central-American nation. In the 1880s, the French struggled for eight years in insect-infested jungle, but the death toll from malaria and yellow fever made it very difficult to maintain an experienced work force. After the loss of 22,000 lives, work was abandoned, yet shortly afterwards, a British doctor in India, Ronald Ross, deduced the means of disease transmission, identifying the malaria parasite in the gastrointestinal tract of mosquitoes. He also realised that mosquito numbers could be reduced by limiting their access to water, providing two crucial insights which laid the foundations for controlling the disease.Thus, in 1904, when America resumed work on the Panama Canal, they instituted a multi-million dollar mosquito-abatement program, consisting of many strategies. Houses for workers were built with screens on the windows, buildings harbouring mosquitoes were fumigated, and sick workers were isolated behind nets. Stagnant pools of water (where mosquitoes breed) were sprayed with oil and insecticide, and roads were paved to eliminate puddles. For this same reason, swamps were drained, and proper piping was used for the transmission of drinking and waste water. All this reduced the number of deaths from disease over the ten-year construction phase to less than 6,000 —a considerable number, but still considered a major success.To this day, reducing the incidence of stagnant pools of water, however small, remains very cost-effective in combatting mosquito-borne diseases in urban areas. Many of the most dangerous species breed in incidental ditches, flowerpots, or discarded containers into which rainwater has pooled. By eliminating such sites, the insects’ numbers fall greatly, limiting bites to those mosquitoes which come from further afield, yetsince they cannot travel far, the likelihood of being bitten (and infected) is greatly reduced.SECTION 2: QUESTIONS 14-26Questions 14-18Write TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN.14 _________________ Mosquito blood transmits disease.15 _________________ Mosquitoes have good vision.16 _________________ Rupert Brooke died in Greece.17 _________________ Malaria kills over half a million people per year.18 _________________ There is a vaccine for malaria. Questions 19-22Answer the questions.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.What can cause mosquito bites to become inflamed?19 _________________Which disease causes the body to change shape?20 _________________Which organ does yellow fever affect?21 _________________In which parts of a country is removing exposed water a particularly cheap way to reduce mosquito numbers?22 _________________Questions 23-26Complete the summary.Choose ONE WORD from the passage for each answer.。
高三生物生态系统英语阅读理解25题
高三生物生态系统英语阅读理解25题1<背景文章>The tropical rainforest ecosystem is one of the most diverse and fascinating ecosystems on Earth. It is characterized by its lush vegetation, high humidity, and abundant rainfall. The rainforest is home to a wide variety of plants and animals, many of which are found nowhere else in the world.The biodiversity of the tropical rainforest is truly remarkable. There are thousands of different species of plants, including towering trees, delicate orchids, and colorful bromeliads. The animal life is equally diverse, with monkeys, sloths, toucans, and countless other species calling the rainforest home.However, the tropical rainforest is facing many threats. Deforestation is one of the most serious problems, as large areas of rainforest are being cleared for agriculture, logging, and urban development. This not only destroys the habitat of countless species but also contributes to climate change.To protect the tropical rainforest, various measures are being taken. Conservation organizations are working to raise awareness about the importance of the rainforest and to promote sustainable development.Governments are also implementing policies to limit deforestation and to protect the remaining rainforests.1. The tropical rainforest ecosystem is characterized by ___.A. low humidity and little rainfallB. sparse vegetation and dry climateC. lush vegetation, high humidity, and abundant rainfallD. cold temperature and few plants答案：C。
Predator
Mickey NO.27
Which kind of animal do you think can be called a predator?
Crocodile
snake Shark
Outline
Definition
Examples Characteristics Ecological role
Definition
predator ： The consumer that (an organism that is hunting) feeds on its prey (the organism that is attacked).
Predators are usually bigger and fewer in number than the animals they prey upon.
Biological pest control
Predators may be put to use in conservation efforts to control introduced species. Although the aim in this situation is to remove the introduced species entirely, keeping its abundance down is often the only possibility. Predators from its natural range may be introduced to control populations, though in some cases this has little effect, and may even cause unforeseen problems. Besides their use in conservation biology, predators are also important for controlling pests in agriculture. Natural predators are an environmentally friendly and sustainable way of reducing damage to crops, and are one alternative to the use of chemical agents such as pesticides.
雅思阅读词汇讲解 动物
雅思阅读词汇讲解动物摘要：1.雅思阅读考试中动物主题的词汇特点2.动物主题的高频词汇和表达3.提高阅读理解和速度的方法4.实战演练和练习建议正文：一、雅思阅读考试中动物主题的词汇特点在雅思阅读考试中，动物主题的文章占据一定比例。
这些文章通常涉及生物学、生态学、环保等领域，词汇丰富且具有一定的专业性。
因此，掌握相关词汇对于提高阅读理解和速度至关重要。
二、动物主题的高频词汇和表达1.生物多样性：biological diversity，物种多样性species diversity，遗传多样性genetic diversity2.濒危动物：endangered animal，珍稀动物rare animal，灭绝动物extinct animal3.保护措施：protection measures，自然保护区nature reserve，野生动物保护wildlife protection4.生态环境：ecological environment，生态系统ecosystem，生态环境恶化ecological degradation5.动物行为：animal behavior，繁殖行为reproductive behavior，社会行为social behavior三、提高阅读理解和速度的方法1.积累动物主题词汇：通过查阅词典、阅读相关文章等方式，逐步掌握高频词汇和表达。
2.了解文章结构：多数动物主题文章遵循“引入-论述-结论”的结构，熟悉此类文章的组织方式有助于提高阅读速度。
3.抓住关键词：在阅读过程中，注意捕捉关键词，快速理解句子和段落的意思。
4.练习猜词能力：在遇到生词时，通过上下文、词汇搭配等方式，尝试猜测词义。
四、实战演练和练习建议1.多做真题：练习雅思阅读动物主题的文章，总结自己在词汇、理解和速度方面的不足。
2.查阅词典：遇到生词时，查阅词典，了解词义及用法。
3.拓展阅读：阅读动物相关的英文文章，提高自己的阅读水平和词汇量。
剑桥雅思阅读真题及答案解析TESTONEPASSAGE1：Tropicalrainforests
剑桥雅思阅读真题及答案解析TESTONEPASSAGE1:Tropicalrainforests做好雅思的阅读题除了掌握对的方法，也离不开我们日常的辛勤练习，下面小编给大家带来剑桥雅思阅读真题及答案解析TEST ONE PASSAGE 1:Tropical rainforests。
Tropical rainforests原文You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-14 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Adults and children are frequently confronted with statements about the alarming rate of loss of tropical rainforests. For example, one graphic illustration to which children might readily relate is the estimate that rainforests are being destroyed at a rate equivalent to one thousand football fields every forty minutes — about the duration of a normal classroom period. In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage, it is likely that children will have formed ideas about rainforests —what and where they are, why they are important, what endangers them — independent of any formal tuition. It is also possible that some of these ideas will be mistaken.Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about ‘pure’, curriculum science. These misconceptions do not remain isolated but become incorporated into a multifaceted, but organised, conceptual framework, making it and the component ideas, some of which are erroneous, more robust but also accessible to modification. These ideas may be developed by children absorbing ideas through the popular media. Sometimes this information may be erroneous. It seems schools may not be providing an opportunity for children to re-express their ideas and so have them tested and refined byteachers and their peers.Despite the extensive coverage in the popular media of the destruction of rainforests, little formal information is available about children’s ideas in this area. Th e aim of the present study is to start to provide such information, to help teachers design their educational strategies to build upon correct ideas and to displace misconceptions and to plan programmes in environmental studies in their schools.The study surveys children’s scientific knowledge and attitudes to rainforests. Secondary school children were asked to complete a questionnaire containing five open-form questions. The most frequent responses to the first question were descriptions which are self-e vident from the term ‘rainforest’. Some children described them as damp, wet or hot. The second question concerned the geographical location of rainforests. The commonest responses were continents or countries: Africa (given by 43% of children), South America (30%), Brazil (25%). Some children also gave more general locations, such as being near the Equator.Responses to question three concerned the importance of rainforests. The dominant idea, raised by 64% of the pupils, was that rainforests provide animals with habitats. Fewer students responded that rainforests provide plant habitats, and even fewer mentioned the indigenous populations of rainforests. More girls (70%) than boys (60%) raised the idea of rainforest as animal habitats.Similarly, but at a lower level, more girls (13%) than boys (5%) said that rainforests provided human habitats. These observations are generally consistent with our previous studies of pupils’ views about the use and conservation of rainforests,in which girls were shown to be more sympathetic to animals and expressed views which seem to place an intrinsic value on non-human animal life.The fourth question concerned the causes of the destruction of rainforests. Perhaps encouragingly, more than half of the pupils (59%) identified that it is human activities which are destroying rainforests, some personalising the responsibility by the use of terms such as ‘we are’. About 18% of the pupils referred specifically to logging activity.One misconception, expressed by some 10% of the pupils, was that acid rain is responsible for rainforest destruction; a similar proportion said that pollution is destroying rainforests. Here, children are confusing rainforest destruction with damage to the forests of Western Europe by these factors. While two fifths of the students provided the information that the rainforests provide oxygen, in some cases this response also embraced the misconception that rainforest destruction would reduce atmospheric oxygen, making the atmosphere incompatible with human life on Earth.In answer to the final question about the importance of rainforest conservation, the majority of children simply said that we need rainforests to survive. Only a few of the pupils (6%) mentioned that rainforest destruction may contribute to global warming. This is surprising considering the high level of media coverage on this issue. Some children expressed the idea that the conservation of rainforests is not important.The results of this study suggest that certain ideas predominate in th e thinking of children about rainforests. Pupils’ responses indicate some misconceptions in basic scientific knowledge of rainforests’ ecosystems such as their ideas aboutrainforests as habitats for animals, plants and humans and the relationship between climatic change and destruction of rainforests.Pupils did not volunteer ideas that suggested that they appreciated the complexity of causes of rainforest destruction. In other words, they gave no indication of an appreciation of either the range of ways in which rainforests are important or the complex social, economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests. One encouragement is that the results of similar studies about other environmental issues suggest that older children seem to acquire the ability to appreciate, value and evaluate conflicting views. Environmental education offers an arena in which these skills can be developed, which is essential for these children as future decision-makers.Tropical rainforests阅读题目Questions 1-8Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1In boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 The plight of the rainforests has largely been ignored by the media.2 Children only accept opinions on rainforests that they encounter in their classrooms.3 It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views abo ut the ‘pure’ science that they study at school.4 The fact that children’s ideas about science form part ofa larger framework of ideas means that it is easier to change them.5 The study involved asking children a number of yes/no questions such as ‘Are there any rainforests in Africa’6 Girls are more likely than boys to hold mistaken views about the rainforests’ destruction.7 The study reported here follows on from a series of studies that have looked at children’s understanding of rainforests.8 A second study has been planned to investigate primary school children’s ideas about rainforests.Questions 9-13The box below gives a list of responses A-P to the questionnaire discussed in Reading Passage 1.Answer the following questions by choosing the correct responses A-P.Write your answers in boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet.9 What was the children’s most frequent response when asked where the rainforests were10 What was the most common response to the question about the importance of the rainforests11 What did most children give as the reason for the loss of the rainforests12 Why did most children think it important for the rainforests to be protected13 Which of the responses is cited as unexpectedly uncommon, given the amount of time spent on the issue by the newspapers and televisionA There is a complicated combination of reasons for the loss of the rainforests.B The rainforests are being destroyed by the same things thatare destroying the forests of Western Europe.C Rainforests are located near the Equator.D Brazil is home to the rainforests.E Without rainforests some animals would have nowhere to live.F Rainforests are important habitats for a lot of plants.G People are responsible for the loss of the rainforests.H The rainforests are a source of oxygen.I Rainforests are of consequence for a number of different reasons.s f i d = " 1 2 0 " > 0 0 J A s t h e r a i n f o r e s t s a r e d e s t r o y e d , t h e w o r l d g e t s w a r m e r . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 1 " > 0 0 K W i t h o u t r a i n f o r e s t s t h e r e w o u l d n o t b e e n o u g h o x y g e n i n t h e a i r . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 2 " > 0 0 L T h e r e a r e p e o p l e f o r w h o m t h e r a i n f o r e s t s a r e h o m e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 3 " > 0 0 M Ra i n f o r e s t s a r e f o u n d i n A f r i c a . / p > pb d s f i d = "1 2 4 " > 0 0 N R a i n f o r e s t s a r e n o t r e a l l y i m p o r t a n t t o h u m a n l i f e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 5 " > 0 0 O T h e d e s t r u c t i o n o f t h e r a i n f o r e s t s i s t h e d i r e c t r e s u l t o f l o g g i n g a c t i v i t y . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 6 " >0 0 P H u m a n s d e p e n d o n t h e r a i n f o r e s t s f o r t h ei r c o n t i n u i n g e x i s t e n c e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 7 " >0 0 Q u e s t i o n 1 4 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 8 " > 0 0 C h o o se t h e c o r r e c t l e t t e r , A , B , C , D o r E . / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 2 9 " > 0 0 W r i t e y o u r a n s w e r i n b o x 1 4 o n y o u r a n s w e r s h e e t . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 0 " > 0 0 W h i c h o f t h e f o l l o w i ng i s th e m o s t s ui t a b l e t i t l e f o r R e a d i n g P a s s a g e 1 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 1 " > 0 0 A T h e d e v e l o p m e n t o f a p r o g r a m m e i n e n v i r o n m en t a l s t u d i e s w i t h i n a s c i e n c e c u r r i c u l u m / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 2 " > 0 0 B C h i l d r e n s i d e a s a b o u t t h e r a i n f o r e s t s a n d t h e i m p l i c a t i o n s f o r c o u r s e d e s i g n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 3 " > 0 0 C T h e e x t e n t t o w h i c h c h i l d r e n h a v e b e e n m i s l e d b y t h e m e d i ac o n c e r n i n g t h e r a i n f o r e s t s / p > p bd s f i d = " 1 34 " > 0 0 D H o w t o c o l l e c t , c o l l a t e a n d d e s c r i b e th e i d e a s o f s e c o n d a r y s c h o o l c h i l d r e n . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 5 " > 0 0 E T h e i m p o r t a n c e o f t h e r a i n f o r e s t s a n d t h e r e a s o n s f o r t h e i r d e s t r u c t i o n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 6 " > s t r o n g b d s f i d = " 1 3 7 " > 0 0 T r o p i c a l r a i n f o r e s t s T{ Hh 銐恎 / s t r o n g > / p >。
雅思阅读练习题及答案
雅思阅读练习题及答案雅思阅读练习题及答案National Parks and Climate ChangeANational parks, nature reserves, protected areas and sites of special scientific interest (SSSIs) are an important part of the natural landscape in most countries. Their habitat and terrains vary massively, from tundra and glacier parks in the north to wetlands in Europe, steppes in central and eastern Europe, and prairie grasslands and deserts in other areas. Virtually all kinds of landscape are protected somewhere. And these protected areas are important for the variety of plant and animal life they harbour: caribou, bears, wolves, rare types of fish and birds.BBut these areas are under threat from a recent peril - global climate change. No amount oflegislation in any one country can protect against aworldwide problem. What exactly are the problems caused by climate change? David Woodward, head of the British Council for Nature Conservation, spoke to Science Now about some of these areas, and his first point highlighted the enormous variation in nature reserves.C“Each park or reserve is an ecosystem,” he says, “and the larger reserves, such as those in Canada, may have several types of ecological subsystems within it. There are reserves which are half the size of Western Europe, so it doesn't make sense to talk about them as if they were all the same, or as if the microclimates within them were uniform.” Woodward outlines some of the dangers posed by climatic change to parks in the northern Americas, for exle.D“If climatic change is severe, an d in particular if the change is happening as quickly as it is at the moment, then the boundaries of the park no longer make much sense. A park that was designated as a protectedarea 90 years ago may suffer such change in itsclimate that the nature of it changes too. It will no longer contain the animal and plant life that it did. So the area which once protected, say, a species of reindeer or a type of scenery, will have changed. In effect, you lose the thing you were trying to protect.” This effect has already been seen in Canada, where parks which once contained glaciers have seenthe glaciers melted by global warming.EJennie Lindstrom, Chief Executive Officer of H2O, the charity which caigns on an international level on behalf of mainland Europe's protected wetland and wilderness areas, is even more pessimistic. In aletter to Science Now, she has asserted that up to 70% of such areas are already experiencing such“significant change ... in climate” that the distribution patterns. of flora and fauna are changing, and that all areas will eventually be affected. She estimates that the most profound change is occurringin the norther____ost parks in areas such as Finland,Greenland, Iceland and northern Russia, but adds that “there is no place which will not suffer the effects of global warming. What we are seeing is a massive change in the enviro____ent - and that means the extinction of whole species, as well as visual and structural changes which means that areas like the Camargue may literally look totally different in 50 or 60 years' time.”FGCertainly, climate change is not going to go away overnight. It is estimated that fossil fuels burnt in the 1950s will still be affecting our climate in another 30 years, so the changes will continue for some time after that. If we want to protect the remnants of our wild landscapes for future generations, the impetus for change must e from the gover____entsof the world.Questions 1 - 7Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1 - 7 on your answer sheet, write Yes if the statement agrees with the information, No if the statement contradicts the information, Not Given if there is no information on this in the passage.1 Every country has protected areas or national parks.2 Countries can protect their parks by changing their laws.3 A protected area or park can contain manydifferent ecosystems.4 David Woodward thinks that Canadian parks willall be different in 90 years.5 Canada, more than any other country, has feltthe effects of global warming.6 H2O works to protect wetlands all over the world.7 Some parts of the world will feel the results of global warming more than others.Questions 8 - 13plete the summary below. Choose your answers from the box below the summary and write them in boxes 8 -13 on the answer sheet. There are more words than spaces, so you will not use all the given words.There are ________ (8) encountered in attemptingto stop the effects of ________ (9). One is the difficulty of predicting change. Another is a lack of ________ (10) to change the situation; mostgover____ents' interest in the matter is limited because it will not bee very serious ________ (11). Finally, there is the quandary of what action we should actually take. One solution is both to keep an eye on the situation as it develops, and to push for changes ________ (12). Even if we do this, the problem is not going to ________ (13), since it takes a considerable time for global warming to happen.willingness of the authoritieslots of waysglobal warminginternationallyfor many yearslocallydisappear straight awaymany problemsafter allQuestions 14 and 15Reading Passage 1 has seven paragraphs A - G. Which paragraphs state the following information? Write the appropriate letters A - G in boxes 14 and 15 on your answer sheet.14 All areas of the world are likely to beaffected by global climate changes.__________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________参考答案：1. No2. No3. Yes4. Not Given5. Not Given6. No7.Yes8. many problems 9. global warming 10. willingness of the authorities11. for many years 12. internationally 13. disappear straight away14. E 15.G。
雅思阅读生物篇与综合篇2.3
雅思阅读生物篇（一）You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage on the following pages.A. British scientists are preparing to launch trials of a radical new way to fight cancer, which kills tumours by infecting them with viruses like the common cold.B. If successful, virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects.C. Leonard Seymour, a professor of gene therapy at Oxford University, who has been working on the virus therapy with colleagues in London and the US, will lead the trials later this year. Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymour's pioneering techniques.D. One of the country's leading geneticists, Prof Seymour has been working with viruses that kill cancer cells directly, while avoiding harm to healthy tissue. "In principle, you've got something which could be many times more effective than regular chemotherapy," he said.E. Cancer-killing viruses exploit the fact that cancer cells suppress the body's local immune system. " If a cancer doesn't do that, the immune system wipes it out. If you can get a virus into a tumour, viruses find them a very good place to be because there's no immune system to stop them replicating. You can regard it as the cancer's Achilles' heel. "F. Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer. "They replicate, you get a million copies in each cell and the cell bursts and they infect the tumour cells adjacent and repeat the process," said Prof Seymour.G. Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drugs. " It's an interesting possibility that they may have an advantage in killing drug-resistant tumours, which could be quite different to anything we've had before. "H. Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. American scientists have previously injected viruses directly into tumours but this technique will not work if the cancer is inaccessible or has spread throughout the body.I. Prof Seymour's innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body's immune system, effectively allowing the viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs do — spread through the blood and reach tumours wherever they are. The big hurdle has always been to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours via the bloodstream without the body's immune system destroying them on the way.J. "What we've done is make chemical modifications to the virus to put a polymer coat around it — it's a stealth virus when you inject it," he said.K. After the stealth virus infects the tumour, it replicates, but the copies do not have the chemical modifications. If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body's immune system.L. The therapy would be especially useful for secondary cancers, called metastases, which sometimes spread around the body after the first tumour appears. "There's an awful statistic of patients in the west... with malignant cancers; 75% of them go on to die from metastases," said Prof Seymour.M. Two viruses are likely to be examined in the first clinical trials: adenovirus, which normally causes a cold-like illness, and vaccinia, which causes cowpox and is also used in the vaccine against smallpox. For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses.N. The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed. Several more years of trials will be needed, eventually also on the polymer-coated viruses,before the therapy can be considered for use in the NHS. Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, Prof Seymour hopes that one day it might be applied to all cancers.Questions 1-6Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 1-6 writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the information.FALSE if the statement contradicts the information.NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage.1. Virus therapy, if successful, has an advantage in eliminating side-effects.2. Cancer Research UK is quite hopeful about Professor Seymour's work on the virus therapy.3. Virus can kill cancer cells and stop them from growing again.4. Cancer's Achilles' heel refers to the fact that virus may stay safely in a tumor and replicate.5. To infect the cancer cells, a good deal of viruses should be injected into the tumor.6. Researches on animals indicate that virus could be used as a new way to treat drug-resistant tumors.Question 7 ~9Based on the reading passage, choose the appropriate letter from A—D for each answer.7. Information about researches on viruses killing tumor cells can be found A. on TV B. in magazines C. on internet D. in newspapers8. To treat tumors spreading out in body, researchers try to A. change the body' immune system B. inject chemotherapy drugs into bloodstream. C. increase the amount of injection D. disguise the viruses on the way to tumors.9. When the chemical modified virus in tumor replicates, the copies A. will soon escape from the tumor and spread out. B. will be wiped out by the body's immune system. C. will be immediately recognized by the researchers. D. will eventually stop the tumor from spreading out.Questions 10 -13Complete the sentences below. Choose your answers from the list of words. You can only use each word once.NB There are more words in the list than spaces so you will not use them all.In the first clinical trials, scientists will try to 10 adenovirus and vaccinia, so both the viruses will be less pathogenic than the 11. These uncoated viruses will be applied directly to certain areas to confirm safety on human beings and the right 12 needed. The experiments will firstly be 13on the following pages.A. New evidence has linked a commonly prescribed sleep medication with bizarre behaviours, including a case in which a woman painted her front door in her sleep.B. UK and Australian health agencies have released information about 240 cases of odd occurrences, including sleepwalking,amnesia and hallucinations among people taking the drug zolpidem. C. While doctors say that zolpidem can offer much-needed relief for people with sleep disorders, they caution that these newly reported cases should prompt a closer look at its possible side effects. D. Zolpidem, sold under the brand names Ambien, Stilnoct and Stilnox, is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea. Various forms of the drug, made by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi-Aventis, were prescribed 674,500 times in 2005 in the UK.E. A newly published report from Australia's Federal Health Department describes 104 I cases of hallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketing of the drug began there in 2000. The health department report also mentioned 16 cases of strange sleepwalking by people taking the medication.Midnight snackF. In one of these sleepwalking cases a patient woke with a paintbrush in her hand after painting the front door to her house. Another case involved a woman who gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem. " It was only when she was discovered in front of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved," according to the report.G. The UK's Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, meanwhile, has recorded 68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from 2001 to 2005.H. The newly reported cases in the UK and Australia add to a growing list of bizarre sleepwalking episodes linked to the drug in other countries, including reports of people sleep-driving while on the medication. In one case, a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after a passenger caused havoc after taking zolpidem.Hypnotic effectsI. There is no biological pathway that has been proven to connect zolpidem with these behaviours. The drug is a benzodiazepine-like hypnotic that promotes deep sleep by interacting with brain receptors for a chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid. While parts of the brain become less active during deep sleep, the body can still move, making sleepwalking a possibility.J. The product information for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects, including hallucinations, sleepwalking and nightmares, are more likely in the elderly, and treatment should be stopped if they occur.K. Patient advocacy groups say they would like government health agencies and drug companies to take a closer look at the possible risks associated with sleep medicines. They stress that strange sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours can have risky consequences.L. "When people do something in which they're not in full control it's always a danger," says Vera Sharav of the New York-based Alliance for Human Research Protection, a US network that advocates responsible and ethical medical research practices.Tried and testedM. "The more reports that come out about the potential side effects of the drug, the more research needs to be done to understand if these are real side effects," says sleep researcher Kenneth Wright at the University of Colorado in Boulder, US.N. Millions of people have taken the drug without experiencing any strange side effects, points out Richard Millman at Brown Medical School, director of the Sleep Disorders Center of Lifespan Hospitals in Providence, Rhode Island, US. He says that unlike older types of sleep medications, zolpidem does not carry as great a risk of addiction.0. And Wright notes that some of the reports of "sleep-driving" linked to zolpidem can be easily explained: some patients have wrongly taken the drug right before leaving work in hopes that the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home. Doctors stress that the medication should be taken just before going to bed.P. The US Food & Drug Administration says it is continuing to "actively investigate" and collect information about cases linking zolpidem to unusual side effects.Q. The Ambien label currently lists strange behaviour as a "special concern" for people taking the drug. "It's a possible rare adverse event," says Sanofi-Aventis spokesperson Melissa Feltmann, adding that the strange sleepwalking behaviours "may not necessarily be caused by the drug" butinstead result from an underlying disorder. She says that "the safety profile [of zolpidem] is well established". The drug received approval in the US in 1993.Questions 1 ~6Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? In boxes 1 -6 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement is true according to the passageFALSE if the statement is false according to the passageNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage1. Ambien, Stilnoct and Stilnox are brand names of one same drug treating insomnia.2. The woman's obesity problem wasn't resolved until she stopped taking zolpidem.3. Zolpidem received approval in the UK in 2001.4. The bizarre behaviour of a passenger after taking zolpidem resulted in the diversion of a flight bound for the other side of the Atlantic.5. Zolpidem is the only sleep medication that doesn't cause addiction.6. The sleep-driving occurrence resulted from the wrong use of zolpidem by an office worker. Question 7 -9Choose the appropriate letters A—D and Write them in boxes 7-9 on your answer sheet.7. How many cases of bizarre behaviours are described in an official report from Australia?A. 68B. 104C. 182D. 2408. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the product information about zolpidem?A. Treatment should be stopped if side effects occur.B. Medication should be taken just before going to bed.C. Adverse effects are more likely in the elderly.D. Side effects include nightmares, hallucinations and sleepwalking.9. Who claimed that the safety description of zolpidem was well established?A. Kenneth WrightB. Melissa FeltmannC. Richard MillmanD. Vera Sharav Questions 10 -13Answer the following questions with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS each in boxes 10 - 13.10. How many times was French-made zolpidem prescribed in 2005 in Britain?11. What kind of hypnotic is zolpidem as a drug which promotes deep sleep in patients?12. What can sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours cause according to patient advocacy groups?13. What US administration says that it has been investigating the cases relating zolpidem to unusual side effects?雅思阅读生物篇（三）You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage on the following pages.Questions 1 ~6This passage has 7 paragraphs 1-7. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below. Write the correct number i—ix in boxes 1 - 7 on your answer sheet.List of Headingsi. How does torcetrapib work?ii. Contradictory result prior to the current trialiii. One failure may possibly bring about future successiv. The failure doesn't lead to total loss of confidencev. It is the right route to followvi. Why it's stoppedvii. They may combine and theoretically produce ideal resultviii. What's wrong with the drugix. It might be wrong at the first placeExample /AnswerParagraph A iv1. Paragraph B2. Paragraph C3. Paragraph D4. Paragraph E5. Paragraph F6. Paragraph GA. The failure of a high-profile cholesterol drug has thrown a spotlight on the complicated machinery that regulates cholesterol levels. But many researchers remain confident that drugs to boost levels of ' good' cholesterol are still one of the most promising means to combat spiralling heart disease.B. Drug company Pfizer announced on 2 December that it was cancelling all clinical trials of torcetrapib, a drug designed to raise heart-protective high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). In a trial of 15000 patients, a safety board found that more people died or suffered cardiovascular problems after taking the drug plus a cholesterol-lowering statin than those in a control group who took the statin alone.C. The news came as a kick in the teeth to many cardiologists because earlier tests in animals and people suggested it would lower rates of cardiovascular disease. " There have been no red flags to my knowledge," says John Chapman, a specialist in lipoproteins and atherosclerosis at the National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) in Paris who has also studied torcetrapib. "This cancellation came as a complete shock."D. Torcetrapib is one of the most advanced of a new breed of drugs designed to raise levels of HDLs, which ferry cholesterol out of artery-clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body. Specifically, torcetrapib blocks a protein called cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), which normally transfers the cholesterol from high-density lipoproteins to low density, plaque-promoting ones. Statins, in contrast, mainly work by lowering the ' bad' low-density lipoproteins.Under pressureE. Researchers are now trying to work out why and how the drug backfired, something that will not become clear until the clinical details are released by Pfizer. One hint lies in evidence from earlier trials that it slightly raises blood pressure in some patients. It was thought that this mild problem would be offset by the heart benefits of the drug. But it is possible that it actually proved fatal in some patients who already suffered high blood pressure. If blood pressure is the explanation, it would actually be good news for drug developers because it suggests that the problems are specific to this compound. Other prototype drugs that are being developed to block CETP work in a slightly different way and might not suffer the same downfall.F. But it is also possible that the whole idea of blocking CETP is flawed, says Moti Kashyap, who directs atherosclerosis research at the VA Medical Center in Long Beach, California. When HDLs excrete cholesterol in the liver, they actually rely on LDLs for part of this process. So inhibitingCETP, which prevents the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL, might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body. "You're blocking a physiologic mechanism to eliminate cholesterol and effectively constipating the pathway," says Kashyap. Going upG. Most researchers remain confident that elevating high density lipoproteins levels by one means or another is one of the best routes for helping heart disease patients. But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood. One approved drug, called niacin, is known to both raise HDL and reduce cardiovascular risk but also causes an unpleasant sensation of heat and tingling. Researchers are exploring whether they can bypass this side effect and whether niacin can lower disease risk more than statins alone. Scientists are also working on several other means to bump up high-density lipoproteins by, for example, introducing synthetic HDLs. "The only thing we know is dead in the water is torcetrapib, not the whole idea of raising HDL," says Michael Miller, director of preventive cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore. (605 words)Questions 7-13Match torcetrapib, HDLs, statin and CETP with their functions ( Questions 8- 13). Write the correct letter A, B, C orD in boxes 8- 13 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once.7. It has been administered to over 10,000 subjects in a clinical trial.8. It could help rid human body of cholesterol.9. Researchers are yet to find more about it.10. It was used to reduce the level of cholesterol.11. According to Kashyap, it might lead to unwanted result if it's blocked.12. It produced contradictory results in different trials.雅思阅读综合篇（二）READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1 - 14 which are based on Reading Passage 1.Spider silk cuts weight of bridgesA strong, light bio-material make by gens from spiders could transform construction and industryA. Scientists have succeeded in copying the silk-producing genes of the Golden Orb Weaver spider and are using them to create a synthetic material which they believe is the model for a new generation of advanced bio-materials. The new material, biosilk, which has been spurn for the first time by researchers at DuPont, has an enormous range of potential uses in construction and manufacturing.B. The attraction of the silk spun by the spider is a combination of great strength and enormous elasticity, which man-made fibres have been unable to replicate. On an equal-weight basis, spider silk is far stronger than steel and it is estimated that if a single strand could be made about 10m in diameter, it would be strong enough to stop a jumbo jet in flight. A third important factor is that it is extremely light. Army scientists are already looking at the possibilities of using it for lightweight, bulletproof vests and parachutes.C. For some time, biochemists have been trying to synthesis the drag-line silk of the Golden Orb Weaver. The drag-line silk, which forms the radial arms of the web, is stronger than other parts of the web and some biochemists believe a synthetic version could prove to be as important a material as nylon, which has been around for 50 years, since the discoveries of Wallace Carothers and his team ushered in the age of polymers.D. To recreate the material, scientists, including Randolph Lewis at the University of Wyoming, first examined the silk-producing gland of the spider. " We took out the glands that produce the silk and looked at the coding for the protein material they make, which is spun into a web. We then went looking for clones with the right DNA," he says.E. At DuPont, researchers have used both yeast and bacteria as hosts to grow the raw material, which they have spun into fibres. Robert Dorsch, DuPont's director of biochemical development, says the globules of protein, comparable with marbles in an egg, are harvested and processed. "We break open the bacteria, separate out the globules of protein and use them as the raw starting material. With yeast, the gene system can be designed so that the material excretes the protein outside the yeast for better access," he says.F. "The bacteria and the yeast produce the same protein, equivalent to that which the spider uses in the drag lines of the web. The spider mixes the protein into a water-based solution and then spins it into a solid fibre in one go. Since we are not as clever as the spider and we are not using such sophisticated organisms, we substituted man-made approaches and dissolved the protein in chemical solvents, which are then spun to push the material through small holes to solid fibre."G. Researchers at DuPont say they envisage many possible uses for a new biosilk material. They say that earthquake-resistant suspension bridges hung from cables of synthetic spider silk fibres may become a reality. Stronger ropes, safer seat belts, shoe soles that do not wear out so quickly and tough new clothing are among the other applications. " It is very strong and retains electricity, there are no man-made materials that can mimic both these properties. It is also a biological material with all the advantages that has over petrochemicals," he says.H. At DuPont's laboratories, Dorsch is excited by the prospect of new super-strong materials but he warns they are many years away. "We are at an early stage buttheoretical predictions are that we will wind up with a very strong, tough material, with an ability to absorb shock, which is stronger and tougher than the man-made materials that are conventionally available to us," he says.I. The spider is not the only creature that has aroused the interest of material scientists. They have also become envious of the natural adhesive secreted by the sea mussel. It produces a protein adhesive to attach itself to rockl. It is tedious and expensive to extract the protein from the mussel, so researchers have already produced a synthetic gene for use in surrogate bacteria.Questions 1 -5The passage has nine paragraphs A—l. Which paragraph contains the following information?1. a comparison of the ways two materials are used to replace silk-producing glands2. predictions regarding the availability of the synthetic silk3. on-going research into other synthetic materials4. the research into the part of the spider that manufactures silk5. the possible application of the silk in civil engineeringQuestions 6 -11Complete the flow chat below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.Synthetic gene growth in 6 ____ or 7 ____▼globules of 8 ____▼dissolved in 9____▼passed through 10____▼to produce 11____Questions 12 -14Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?TRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this12. Biosilk has already replaced nylon in parachute manufacture.13. The spider produces silk of varying strengths.14. Lewis and Dorsh co-operated in the synthetic production of silk.READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 15 - 27 which are based on Reading Passage 2.TEACHING IN UNIVERSITIESIn the 19th century, an American academic, Newman, characterised a university as "a place of teaching universal knowledge... (a place for) the diffusion and extension of knowledge rather than its advancement."Newman argued that if universities were not for teaching but rather for scientific discovery, then they would not need students.Interestingly, during this century, while still teaching thousands of students each year, the resources of most universities have been steadily channelled away from teaching into research activities. Most recently, however, there have been strong moves in both North America and the United Kingdom to develop initiatives that would enhance the profile of the teaching institutions of higher education. In the near future, therefore, as well as the intrinsic rewards gained from working with students and the sense that are contributing to their overall growth and development, there should soon be extrinsic rewards, in the form of job promotion, for those pursuing academic excellence in teaching in universities.In the future, there will be more focus in universities on the quality of their graduates and their progression rates. Current degree courses, whose assessment strategies require students to learn by rote and reiterate the course material, and which do not require the student to interact with the material, or construct a personal meaning about is or even to understand the discipline, are resulting in poor learning outcomes. This traditional teaching approach does not take into account modem theories of education, the individual needs of the learner, nor his or her prior learning experience.In order for universities to raise both the quality and status of teaching, it is first necessary to have some kind of understanding of what constitutes good practice. A 1995 report, compiled in Australia, lists eight qualities that researchers agree are essential to good teaching.Good teachers...A. are themselves good learners-resulting in teaching that is dynamic, reflectiveand constantly evolving as they learn more and more about teaching;B. display enthusiasm for their subject and the desire to share it with their students;C. recognise the importance of context and adjust their teaching accordingly;D. encourage deep learning approaches and are concerned with developing their students' critical thinking skills, problem-solving skills and problem-approach behaviours;E. demonstrate an ability to transform and extend knowledge rather than merelytransmit it;F. recognise individual differences in their students and take advantage of these;G. set clear goals, use valid assessment techniques and provide high-quality feedback to their students; H. show respect for, and interest in, their students and sustain high expectations of them.In addition to aiming to engage students is the learning process, there is also a need to address the changing needs of the marketplace. Because in many academic disciplines the body of relevantknowledge is growing at an exponential rate, it is no longer possible, or even desirable, for an individual to have a complete knowledge base. Rather, it is preferable that he or she should have an understanding of the concepts and the principles of the subject, have the ability to apply this understanding to new situations and have the wherewithal to seek out the information that is needed.As the world continues to increase in complexity. University graduates will need to be equipped to cope with rapid changes in technology and to enter careers that may not yet be envisaged, with change of profession being commonplace. To produce graduates equipped for this workforce, it is essential that educators teach in ways that encourage learners to engage in deep learning which may be built upon in the later years of their course, and also be transferred to the workplace.The new role of the university teacher, then, is one that focuses on the students' learning rather than the instructor's teaching. The syllabus is more likely to move from being a set of learning materials made up of lecture notes, to a set of learning materials made up of print, cassettes, disks and computer programs. Class contact hours will cease to be the major determinant of an academic workload. The teacher will then be released from being the sole source of information transmission and will become instead more a learning manager, able to pay more attention to the development and delivery of education rather than content.Student-centred learning activities will also require innovative assessment strategies. Traditional assessment and reporting has aimed to produce a single mark or grade for each student. The mark is intended to indicate three things: the extent to which the learned material was mastered or understood, the level at which certain skills were performed and the degree to which certain attitudes were displayed.A deep learning approach would test a student's ability to identify and tackle new and unfamiliar real world' problems. A major assessment goal will be to increase the size and complexity of assignments and minimise what can be achieved by memorising or reproducing content. Wherever possible, students will be involved in the assessment process to assist them to learn how to make judgements about themselves and their work.Questions 15-18Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?TRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this15. Newman believed that the primary focus of universities was teaching.16. Job promotion is already used to reward outstanding teaching.17. Traditional approaches to assessment at degree level are having a negative effect on the learning process.18. University students have complained about bad teaching and poor results.Questions 19 - 23Look at the eight qualities A—H of good teachers' in Reading Passage 2 and the statements below. Match each quality to the statement with the same meaning. Good teachers...19. can adapt their materials to different learning situations.20. assist students to understand the aims of the course.21. are interested in developing the students as learners.22. treat their students with dignity and concern.23. continually improve their teaching by monitoring their skills.Questions 24-27Choose the correct letter, A, B, C orD24. In the future, university courses will focus more onA. developing students' skills and concepts.。
剑桥雅思8阅读原文+答案解析-Test4Passage2
在分享剑桥雅思8解析前，雅思首先为大家奉上：剑桥雅思8阅读原文解析-Test4Passage2体裁：说明文主要内容：对害虫的生物学控制。
结构：第 1 段 :使用人造化学制剂控制害虫的影响。
第 2 段 :物种的抗药性。
第 3 段 :杀虫剂的害处。
第 4 段 :种植棉花的农民恶意使用杀虫剂。
第 5 段 :20 世纪中期有更多的害虫出现。
第 6 段 :大多数的杀虫剂都对人体有危害。
第 7 段 :提出解决害虫的办法。
第 8 段 :介绍 CIBC 机构。
第 9 段 :介绍 weevil 杀虫原理。
第 10 段 :用生物方式控制害虫的一个实例。
名师点题剑桥雅思8阅读：考题解析Questions 14 – 17●题型归类 :Multiple Choice题目解析题目编号题目关键词原文定位题解14 pesticides 第一段第 2 句答案 B 题目问使用杀虫剂导致了什么。
文章中说 Apart from engendering widespread ecological disorders... B 选项意思是“使得全世界许多生态系统出现不平衡”,符合文意。
15 Food, Agriculture Organization, more than 300 第二段第 1 句答案 A 题目实际考查的是哪个选项对 300 多种农业害虫的描述是正确的。
文章说 According to a recent study by FAO, more than 300 species of agriculture pests have developed resistance to a wide range of potent chemicals,A 选项意思是“这些害虫已经对很多杀虫剂不再有反应了”,和文中的 resistance 对应。
16 cotton farmers, Central America 第四段第 1 句和第2句答案 D 题目实际考查的是哪个选项对中美的棉花农民使用杀虫剂的描述是正确的。
雅思阅读真题话题汇总（草本）
雅思阅读真题话题汇总（草本）LanguageC4T2R1 Lost for WordsC5T1R1 Johnson’s DictionaryC5T2R3 The Birth of Scientific EnglishC4T3R3 Obtaining Linguistic DataC9T3R1 Attitude to LanguageEnvironmentC4T1R1 RainforestC5T1R3 The Truth about the EnvironmentC5T3R2 Disappearing DeltaC7T1R2 Making Every Drop CountC7T2R2 The True Cost of Food (Food)C7T3R3 DeforestationC5T4R1 The Impact of Wildness Tourism (Tourism)EducationC4T2R3 Play is a Serious BusinessC5T2R3 Early Childhood EducationC9T2R1 Children DevelopmentBiologyC4T1R2 What Do Whales Feel?C5T4R3 The Effect of Light on Plant and Animal SpeciesC7T1R1 Let’s Go Bats (Technology)C7T3R1 Ant IntelligenceC7T3R2 Population Movement and Genetics (Geography, Society) C8T2R3 The Meaning and Power of SmellC8T3R3 How Does the Biological Clock Tick?C8T4R2 Biological Control of PestsC8T4R3 Collecting Ant SpecimensC8T3R2 The Nature of GeniusPsychologyC4T1R3 Visual Symbols and the BlindC5T1R2 Nature or NurtureC5T2R2 What’s so Funny?C7T1R3 Educating PsychoC8T1R3 TelepathyC9T2R3 A Neuroscientist Reveals How to Think Differently C9T4R2 Young Children’s Sense of IdentityHealth/ MedicineC4T2R2 Alternative Medicine in AustraliaC4T4R3 The Problem of Scarce ResourcesC6T2R2 Greying Population Stays in the PinkC6T3R3 The Search for Anti-aging PillsC6T4R1 Doctoring SalesTechnologyC5T2R1 BakeliteC5T3R3 The Return of Artificial IntelligenceC5T4R2 Flawed Beauty: the Problem with Toughened Glasses C8T1R1 A Chronicle of TimekeepingC8T2R1 Sheet Glass Manufacture: the Float ProcessC9T3R3 Information Theory – the Big IdeaGeographyC4T3R2 V olcanoes-earth-shattering NewsC6T1R3 Climate Change and the InuitC8T2R2 The Little Ice AgeC8T4R1 Land of the Rising SumC9T2R2 Venus in TransitC9T3R2 Tidal PowerC9T1R2 Is There Anybody out There?SportsC4T4R1 How much higher? How much faster?C6T1R1 Australia Sporting SuccessArchaeologyC4T4R2 The Nature and Aims of ArcheologyTransportC6T1R2 Delivering the GoodsC6T2R1 Advantages of Public TransportC8T1R2 Air Traffic Control in the USAScienceC6T2R3 NumerationMediaC6T3R1 CinemaSociety/ Social LifeC4T3R1 Micro-Enterprise Credit for Street YouthC6T3R2 Motivating Employees under Adverse Conditions C6T4R2 Do Literate Women Make Better Mothers?C6T4R3 BullyingC7T2R3 Makete Integrated Rural Transport ProjectC7T4R2 Endless HarvestC7T4R3 Effects of Noise (Environment, Biology)ArchitectureC7T2R1 Why Pagodas don’t Fall downC7T4R1 Pulling Strings to Build PyramidsCultureC8T3R1 Striking Back at Lightning With Lasers (Physics) C9T1R1 William Henry PerkinC9T1R2 The History of the Tortoise (Biology)C9T4R1 The Life and Work of Marie CurieC9T4R3 The Development of Museums。
ielts_academic_reading_practice_test_17_f43245d726
IELTS Reading Passage - Biological Control of PestsBiological Control of PestsA.The excessive usage of synthetic chemicals to control the pests eventually poses aserious threat to the crops and human's health system,and it seems to be not productive at all.The use of pesticides has caused not only dangerous ecological imbalance but also gave birth to the new breed of chemical-resilient superbugs that are highly deadly.Based on a new research conducted by the Food and Agriculture Organisation(FAO),it was found that nearly300plus species of agricultural pests have become resilient to a huge variety of chemicals.Currently,the disease-spreading pests have developed a concept of no one left behind.More than 100species have attained complete immunity for a wide range of insecticides that are in use.B.One of the biggest cons of using pesticides is that it kills all the harmful pests alongwith many other organisms that are useful for crop cultivation.It,however,keeps the spread of the pest population under control.Many agro scientists and ecological experts call this scenario the'treadmill syndrome'.Due to this overwhelming potential and genetic diversity,most pests are able to combat any form of synthetic chemical and handle the offspring supported by the intense resistance from the pesticides.C.The consequences of the'treadmill syndrome'are witnessed in Central America,where cotton farmers suffered a lot.In the1940s time period,when chemical-oriented intensive agriculture was at its best,the farmers shifted to the usage of pesticides in order to yield more crops in the same amount of time.Over a period of time,insecticides were used eight times a year in the1940s,and it was increased to28times during a season in the mid-1950s.It resulted in the birth of three new variants of chemical-resistant pests.D.Near the mid-1960s,four more new variants of pests emerged,causing an alarmingstage.It pushed agricultural farmers to spray pesticides to a situation where50%of the financial output of cotton production was based on using pesticides intensively.Subsequently,this spraying practice reached70times per season,which caused yet another pool of genetically better insect species.E.Today,the products of pesticides available in the market are not tested properly,where their chemical properties might cause cancer,mutations and other severe damage to human health,as said by environmental agencies located in the United States.The United States National Resource Defence Council revealed that DDT was one of the widely-known dangerous chemicals in the list.F.In the overview of the alarming perils from non-discriminative pesticide applications,a more reliable and ecological-based strategy of biological control,including thespecific trend of natural rivalries of the pest population,is reaching popularity like never before-even though it is a new scope of area with minimum potential.Thebiggest pro of biological control compared to other methods is that it offers the product in low-cost,having a perpetual control system with less amount of hazardous side effects.When it was experimented by experts,they said that bio-control is good, which is not emitting pollution and self-dispersing.G.The Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control(CIBC),situated in Bangalore hasits network of scientific laboratories and local stations across the globe.It is one of the most influential,non-commercial research organisations working related to pest control by creating predators against parasites.This research agency also serves as an approving house for the transaction of biological agents for pest control worldwide, including all imports and exports.H.The research agency(CIBC)made use of a seed-feeding weevil from Mexico.It wassuccessful in controlling the obnoxious parthenium weed,famous for exerting devious insights on agriculture industry and human health in both Australia and India.Likewise there is one more research laboratory based in Hyderabad called Regional Research Laboratory(RRL),sponsored and supported by CIBC,is presently experimenting an Argentinian weevil to eradicate water hyacinth(the next dangerous weed)which caused serious repercussions in many parts of the world.Mrs Kaiser Jamil from RRL stated that the Argentinian weevil does not damage any other food plant,whereas a set of two adult bugs might destroy the weed in almost4-5days.Moreover,CIBC is also strengthening the practice of breeding parasites that kill the 'disapene scale'insects,being one of the notorious defoliants of fruit trees in countries like India and the US.I.Through subsequent examples,we will see how the act of biological control iseffective.In the late1960s time,Sri Lanka's coconut groves were at a booming stage,however,it was plagued by leaf-mining hispides,a larval type of parasite brought from Singapore,which made the pest stop growing further.Similarly,another natural predator from India,Neodumetia sangawani,was satisfactory in terms of controlling the Rhodes grass-scale insect that was spoiling the life of grass in some parts of the US.There was another beetle native from Brazil,Neochetina bruchi,was used by ecological scientists of the Kerala Agricultural University emptied almost a 12-kilometre-long canal from the main clutches of the weed,called Salvinia molesta, widely-known as"African Payal"in Kerala.Nearly30,000and more hectares of rice and its fields were infested by this type of weed in the state of Kerala. Biological Control of Pests Reading QuestionsQuestions 1 - 5The reading passage has nine paragraphs, A - I.Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings given below.Write the correct number, i-vii, as your answer to each question.List of Headings●India’s contribution to CIBC●Pesticides today●Treadmill Syndrome and its consequences●Examples of Biological Control Across the World●Introduction to CIBC1.Paragraph C2.Paragraph E3.Paragraph G4.Paragraph H5.Paragraph IQuestions 6 - 10Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.6.This spraying practice reached70times per season,which caused yet another poolof ____________ insect species.7._________________, was satisfactory in terms of controlling the Rhodes.8.Many agro scientists and ecological experts call this scenario the _____________.9.Regional Research Laboratory(RRL),sponsored and supported by CIBC,ispresently experimenting with an _________________ to eradicate water hyacinth.10.They said that bio-control is good, which is not emitting pollution and ____________.Questions 11 - 13Choose the correct letter a,b,c or d.11.In Kerala, Salvinia molesta is also known asa.African Payaln Payalc.American Payald.Indian Payal12.There was another beetle native to Brazil called asa.Salvinia molestab.Neodumetia sangawanic.Neochetina bruchid.None of the above13.During which time period chemical-oriented intensive agriculture was at its best?a.The 1940sb.The 1950sc.The 1960sd.All of the above。
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【最新】雅思阅读真题题源：Biological Pest Control-word范文
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== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ == 雅思阅读真题题源：Biological Pest Control
下面雅思为大家整理了一篇关于生物技术防治病虫害的雅思阅读真题题源。
这篇雅思阅读真题题源的主要内容是生物技术防治病虫害的应用原理，应用过程，以及想 ing 的作用。
但是大家也要注意使这个生物技术应用的恰到好处才行。
A . Biological control is , generally , humans use of a
specially chosen living organism to control a particular pest . This chosen organism might be a predator , parasite , or disease which
will attack the harmful insect . It is a form of manipulating nature
to increase a desired effect . A complete Biological Control program may range from choosing a pesticide which will be least harmful to beneficial insects , to raising and releasing one insect to have it attack another , almost like a living insecticide .
B . Biological control methods can be used as part of an overall Integrated Pest Management program to reduce the legal ,
environmental , and public safety hazards of chemicals . In addition , it may be a more economical alternative to some insecticides . Some biological control measures can actually prevent economic damage to agricultural crops . Unlike most insecticides , biological controls are often very specific for a particular pest . Other helpful
insects , animals , or people can go completely unaffected or disturbed by their use . There is less danger of impact on the environment and water quality .
C . Biological control takes more intensive management and planning . It can take more time , require more record keeping , more patience , and sometimes more education or training . Successful use
of biological control requires a greater understanding of the biology of both the pest and its enemies . Many natural enemies are very susceptible to pesticides , and using them successfully in an IPM program takes great care . In some cases , biological control may be more costly than pesticides . Often , the results of using biological control are not as dramatic or quick as the results of pesticide use . Most natural enemies attack only specific types of insects unlike。