2012年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题
2012翻译资格考试二级笔译综合试题
2012翻译资格考试二级笔译综合试题Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (25 points) Part 1 Vocabulary Selection1. The Kyoto Protocol has been designed to ____ the global environmental problems.A. dressB. addressC. stressD. distress2. Part of the investment is to be used to ____ that old temple to its original splendor. A. rest B. recover C. replace D. restore3. The list of things we need to think about which will be ______ by climate change is endless.A. affiliatedB. affectedC. affirmedD. effected4. Now a single cell phone is able to store a large ____ of information about an individual life.A. dealB. numberC.amountD. account5. We will not be held responsible for any damage which results ____rough handling. A. from B. off C. in D. to6. Our products are displayed in Stand B22, ____ you will find me during office hours. A. when B. which C. that D. where7. We cannot see any possibility of business _____ your price is on the high side of the prevailing market trend.A. whichB. sinceC. thatD. though8. Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event _____ is equal to the probability that it will not occur.A. occurringB. occurredC. occursD. occur9. “They’re the best team I’ve seen thus far,” says ____ men’s basketball coach Larry Brown.A. American’sB. USC. the USAD. United State of America10. Many Americans do not understand why there is so much international criticism of the US policy on ____ change.A. atmosphereB. skyC. weatherD. climate11. In order to obtain the needed information, you should write simply, clearly, and concisely ____ the reader wants to know.A. whatB. thatC. so thatD. which12. Regarding insurance, the ____ is for 110% of the invoice value of the goods that a manufacturer wants to export.A. amountB. coverC. insuranceD. premium13. Since the shipment consists of seasonable goods. it is important that itis ____ as soon as possible.A. deletedB. demandedC. deliveredD. detached14. The long service of decades of the to-be-retired with the company was ____a present each from the President.A. confirmed byB. recorded inC. acknowledged witD. appreciated for15. Home to magnates and gangsters, refugees and artists, the city was, in its ____ a metropolis that exhibited all the hues of the human character. A. prime B. primary C. privacy D. probation16. Buildings in the southeast of the UK are going to have to be constructed ____ those in Scotland if the report findings are correct. A. as B. like C. likelyD. are like17. The state of Michigan now requires sports fans to make an annual ____ of $125 to $500 a seat to keep their end zone perches at Michigan Stadium.A. tributaryB. attributionC. contributionD. distribution18. The possibilities for ____ energy sources, including solar power, wind power, geothermal power, water power and even nuclear energy promise greatly to the earthlings. A.altitude B.alternate C.alternating D. alternative19. Americans who consider themselves ____ in the traditional sense do not usually hesitate to heap criticism in domestic matters over what they believe is oppressive or wasteful. A. pedestrian B. penchant C. patriotic D. patriarch20. The countries that are being blamed for the extra greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are the rich and developed countries. On a different ____, the developing countries feel they will suffer the most of it. A. nod B. note C. norm D. notion Part 2 Vocabulary Replacement21. He remained calm In the face of the impending danger.A. terrificB. trivialC. astonishingD. imminent22. “Holmes!” I whispered. “What on earth are you doing in this disgusting place?”A. humbleB. unpleasantC. underprivilegedD. noisy23. The futility of the program resulted from poor planning. A. possible failure in the futureB. ineffectiveness and uselessnessC. blindness to its mistakesD. potential disaster24. Construction of the gigantic office building in this city was for years intermittentA. stopping and starting at intervalsB. something that will happen soonC. being watched with keen interestD. anything that comes and goes25. Although many modifications have been made in it, the game known in the United States as football can be traced directly to the English game of rugby.A. rulesB. changesC. demandsD. leagues26. Your silence implies countenancing his abject behavior; therefore please clarify your stand to him.A. supportingB. obscuringC. concealingD. assisting27. The graduate committee must be in full accord in their approval of a dissertation.A. indecisiveB. sullenC. vocalD. unanimous28. We regret being unable to entertain your request for providing free boarding to 15 sportsmen for two weeks.A. receiveB. complyC. coincideD. consider29. Justices of the peace have jurisdiction over the trials of some civil suits and of criminal cases involving minor offenses.A. superiorityB. authorityC. guidanceD. consider30. One of the things we have to do to prevent a pandemic is to make sure people understand and know what they can do to minimize the commotion.A. commandB. collusionC. turmoilD. tutelage31. One of the effective ways to lessen environmental pollution is the reservation and protection of more swamps.A. vast thick coralsB. pockets of wet landC. warm volcanoeslions of bees and wasps32. The word “wrath” in The Grapes of Wrath by the Nobel prize winner John Steinbeck probably means:A. great angerB. large crowdsC. hard laborD. sudden storms33. The artist spent years on his monumental painting, which covered the whole roof of the church, the biggest in the country.A. archaicB. sentimentalC. outstandingD. entire34. The ancient Jewish people regarded themselves as the salt of the earth, the chosen few by God to rule the world.A. outcastB. eliteC. nomadD. disciple Many of the electric and electronic products we purchase and consume today are what some industrial experts c all “homogenous toys”.A. identicalB. homosexualC.unrelatedD. distinguishableKEYS:Part 1共20题,每题0.5分,满分为10分1. B2. D3. B4. C5. A6. D7. B8. A9. B 10. D 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. D 19. C 20. BPart 2共15题,每题0.5分,满分为7.5分21. D 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D28. D 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35 .A。
2012年CATTI二级笔译真题及参考答案
2012年CATTI二级笔译真题及参考答案《笔译综合能力》1. 阅读第一篇选自《纽约时报》,原文标题为:Few Biologists but Many Evangelicals Sign Anti-Evolution Petition节选部分内容如下:In the recent skirmishes over evolution, advocates who have pushed to dilute its teaching have regularly pointed to a petition signed by 514 scientists and engineers.The petition, they say, is proof that scientific doubt over evolution persists. But random interviews with 20 people who signed the petition and a review of the public statements of more than a dozen others suggest that many are evangelical Christians, whose doubts about evolution grew out of their religious beliefs. And even the petition's sponsor, the Discovery Institute in Seattle, says that only a quarter of the signers are biologists, whose field is most directly concerned with evolution. The other signers include 76 chemists, 75 engineers, 63 physicists and 24 professors of medicine.The petition was started in 2001 by the institute, which champions intelligent design as an alternative theory to evolution and supports a "teach the controversy" approach, like the one scuttled by the state Board of Education in Ohio last week.Institute officials said that 41 people added their names to the petition after a federal judge ruled in December against the Dover, Pa., school district's attempt to present intelligent design as an alternative to evolution."Early on, the critics said there was nobody who disbelieved Darwin's theory except for rubes in the woods," said Bruce Chapman, president of the institute. "How many does it take to be a noticeable minority — 10, 50, 100, 500?"Mr. Chapman said the petition showed "there is a minority of scientists who disagree with Darwin's theory, and it is not just a handful."The petition makes no mention of intelligent design, the proposition that life is so complex that it is best explained as the design of an intelligent being. Rather,it states: "We are skeptical of claims for the ability of random mutation and natural selection to account for the complexity of life. Careful examination of the evidence for Darwinian theory should be encouraged."A Web site with the full list of those who signed the petition was made available yesterday by the institute at . The signers all claim doctorates in science or engineering. The list includes a few nationally prominent scientists like James M. Tour, a professor of chemistry at Rice University; Rosalind W. Picard, director of the affective computing research group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and Philip S. Skell, an emeritus professor of chemistry at Penn State who is also a member of the National Academy of Sciences.It also includes many with more modest positions, like Thomas H. Marshall, director of public works in Delaware, Ohio, who has a doctorate in environmental ecology. The Discovery Institute says 128 signers hold degrees in the biological sciences and 26 in biochemistry. That leaves more than 350 nonbiologists, including Dr. Tour, Dr. Picard and Dr. Skell.Of the 128 biologists who signed, few conduct research that would directly address the question of what shaped the history of life.Of the signers who are evangelical Christians, most defend their doubts on scientific grounds but also say that evolution runs against their religious beliefs.Several said that their doubts began when they increased their involvement with Christian churches.Some said they read the Bible literally and doubt not only evolution but also findings of geology and cosmology that show the universe and the earth to be billions of years old.Scott R. Fulton, a professor of mathematics and computer science at Clarkson University in Potsdam, N.Y., who signed the petition, said that the argument for intelligent design was "very interesting and promising."He said he thought his religious belief was "not particularly relevant" in how he judged intelligent design. "It probably influences in the sense in that it makes me very interested in the questions," he said. "When I see scientific evidence that points to God, I find that encouraging."Roger J. Lien, a professor of poultry science at Auburn, said he received a copy of the petition from Christian friends."I stuck my name on it," he said. "Basically, it states what I believe."Dr. Lien said that he grew up in California in a family that was not deeply religious and that he accepted evolution through much of his scientific career. He said he became a Christian about a decade ago, six years after he joined the Auburn faculty."The world is broken, and we humans and our science can't fix it," Dr. Lien said. "I was brought to Jesus Christ and God and creationism and believing in the Bible."He also said he thought that evolution was "inconsistent with what the Bible says."Another signer is Dr. Gregory J. Brewer, a professor of cell biology at the Southern Illinois University medical school. Like other skeptics, he readily accepts what he calls "microevolution," the ability of species to adapt to changing conditions in their environment. But he holds to the opinion that science has not convincingly shown that one species can evolve into another."I think there's a lot of problems with evolutionary dogma," said Dr. Brewer, who also does not accept the scientific consensus that the universe is billions of years old. "Scientifically, I think there are other possibilities, one of which would be intelligent design. Based on faith, I do believe in the creation account."Dr. Tour, who developed the "nano-car" — a single molecule in the shape of a car, with four rolling wheels — said he remained open-minded about evolution."I respect that work," said Dr. Tour, who describes himself as a Messianic Jew, one who also believes in Christ as the Messiah.But he said his experience in chemistry and nanotechnology had showed him how hard it was to maneuver atoms and molecules. He found it hard to believe, he said, that nature was able to produce the machinery of cells through random processes. The explanations offered by evolution, he said, are incomplete."I can't make the jumps, the leaps they make in the explanations," Dr. Tour said. "Will I or other scientists likely be able to makes those jumps in the future? Maybe."Opposing petitions have sprung up. The National Center for Science Education, which has battled efforts to dilute the teaching of evolution, has sponsored a pro-evolution petition signed by 700 scientists named Steve, in honor of Stephen Jay Gould, the Harvard paleontologist who died in 2002.The petition affirms that evolution is "a vital, well-supported, unifying principle of the biological sciences."Mr. Chapman of that institute said the opposing petitions were beside the point. "We never claimed we're in a fight for numbers," he said.Discovery officials said that they did not ask the religious beliefs of the signers and that such beliefs were not relevant. John G. West, a senior fellow at Discovery, said it was "stunning hypocrisy" to ask signers about their religion "while treating the religious beliefs of the proponents of Darwin as irrelevant."2. 阅读第三篇选自《纽约时报》,原文标题为:Richard Prince Lawsuit Focuses on Limits of Appropriation节选部分内容如下:In March a federal district court judge in Manhattan ruled that Mr. Prince —whose career was built on appropriating imagery created by others —broke the law by taking photographs from a book about Rastafarians and using them without permission to create the collages and a series of paintings based on them, which quickly sold for serious money eve n by today’s gilded art-world standards: almost $2.5 million for one of the works. (“Wow —yeah,” Mr. Prince said when a lawyer asked him under oath in the district court case if that figure was correct.)The decision, by Judge Deborah A. Batts, set off alarm bells throughout Chelsea and in museums across America that show contemporary art. At the heart of the case, which Mr. Prince is now appealing, is the principle called fair use, a kind of door in the bulwark of copyright protections. It gives artists (or anyone for that matter) the ability to use someone else’s material for certain purposes, especially if the result transforms the thing used — or as Judge Pierre N. Leval described it in an influential 1990 law review article, if the new thing “adds value to the original” so that society as a whole is culturally enriched by it. In the most famous test of the principle, the Supreme Court in 1994 found a possibility of fair use by the group 2 Live Crew in its sampling of parts of Roy Orbison’s “Oh Pretty Woman” for the sake of one form of added value, parody.In the Prince case the notoriously slippery standard for transformation was defined so narrowly that artists and museums warned it would leave the fair-use door barely open, threatening the robust tradition of appropriation that goes back at least to Picasso and underpins much of the art of the last half-century. Several museums, including the Museum of Modern Art and the Metropolitan, rallied to the cause, filing papers supporting Mr. Prince and cal ling the decision a blow to “the strong public interest in the free flow of creative expression.” Scholars and lawyers on the other side of the debate hailed it instead as a welcome corrective in an art world too long in thrall to the Pictures Generation — artists like Mr. Prince who used appropriation beginning in the 1970s to burrow beneath the surface of media culture.But if the case has had any effect so far, it has been to drag into the public arena a fundamental truth hovering somewhere just outside the legal debate: that today’s flow of creative expression, riding a tide of billions of instantly accessible digital images and clips, is rapidly becoming so free and recycling so reflexive that it is hard to imagine it being slowed, much less stanched, whatever happens in court. It is a phenomenon that makes Mr. Prince’s artful thefts —those collages in the law firm’s office —look almost Victorian by comparison, and makes the copyright battle and its attendant fears feel as if they are playing out in another era as well, perhaps not Victorian but certainly pre-Internet.In many ways the art world is a latecomer to the kinds of copyright tensions that have already played out in fields like music and movies, where extensive systems of policing, permission and licensing have evolved. But art lawyers say that legal challenges are now coming at a faster pace, perhaps in part because the art market has become a much bigger business and because of the extent of the borrowing ethos.1. 英译汉第一篇选自《纽约时报》,原文标题为:Translation as Literary Ambassador节选部分内容如下:The runaway success of Stieg Larsson’s “Millennium” trilogy suggests that when it comes to contemporary literature in translation, Americans are at least willing to read Scandinavian detective fiction. But for work from other regions, in other genres, winning the interest of big publishing houses and readers in the United States remains a steep uphill struggle.Among foreign cultural institutes and publishers, the traditional American aversion to literature in t ranslation is known as “the 3 percent problem.” But now, hoping to increase their minuscule share of the American book market — about 3 percent — foreign governments and foundations, especially those on the margins of Europe, are taking matters into their own hands and plunginginto the publishing fray in the United States.Increasingly, that campaign is no longer limited to widely spoken languages like French and German. From Romania to Catalonia to Iceland, cultural institutes and agencies are subsidizing publication of books in English, underwriting the training of translators, encouraging their writers to tour in the United States, submitting to American marketing and promotional techniques they may have previously shunned and exploiting existing niches in the publishing industry.“We have established this as a strategic objective, a long-term commitment to break through the American market,” said Corina Suteu, who leads the New Y ork branch of the European Union National Institutes for Culture and direc ts the Romanian Cultural Institute. “For nations in Europe, be they small or large, literature will always be one of the keys of their cultural existence, and we recognize that this is the only way we are going to be able to make that literature present in the United States.”For instance, the Dalkey Archive Press, a small publishing house in Champaign, Ill., that for more than 25 years has specialized in translated works, this year began a Slovenian Literature Series, underwritten by official groups in Sl ovenia, once part of Y ugoslavia. The series’s first book, “Necropolis,” by Boris Pahor, is a powerful World War II concentration-camp memoir that has been compared to the best of Elie Wiesel and Primo Levi, and has been followed by Andrej Blatnik’s “Y ou Do Understand,” a rather absurdist but still touching collection of sketches and parables about love and intimacy.Dalkey has also begun or is about to begin similar series in Hebrew and Catalan, and with Switzerland and Mexico, the last of which will consist of four books yearly for six years. In each case a financing agency in the host country is subsidizing publication and participating in promotion and marketing in the United States, an effort that can easily require $10,000 or more a book.。
2013到2011年CATTI二级笔译真题及参考答案
2013年11月英语二级《笔译实务》试题Part A Compulsory Translation(必译题)The archivists requested a donkey, but what they got from the mayor’s office were four wary black sheep, which, as of Wednesday morning, were chewing away at a lumpy field of grass beside the municipal archives building as the City of Paris’s newest, shaggiest lawn mowers. Mayor Bertrand Delano? has made the environment a priority since his election in 2001, with popular bike- and car-sharing programs, an expanded network of designated lanes for bicycles and buses, and an enormous project to pedestrianize the banks along much of the Seine.The sheep, which are to mow (and, not inconsequentially, fertilize) an airy half-acre patch in the 19th District intended in the same spirit. City Hall refers to the project as “eco-grazing,” and it notes that the four ewes will prevent the use of noisy, gas-guzzling mowers and cut down on the use of herbicides.Paris has plans for a slightly larger eco-grazing project not far from the archives building, assuming all goes well; similar projects have been under way in smaller towns in the region in recent years.The sheep, from a rare, diminutive Breton breed called Ouessant, stand just about two feet high. Chosen for their hardiness, city officials said, they will pasture here until October inside a three-foot-high, yellow electrified fence.“This is really not a one-shot deal,” insisted René Dutrey, the adjunct mayor for the environment and sustainable development. Mr. Dutrey, a fast-talking man in orange-striped Adidas Samba sneakers, noted that the sheep had cost the city a total of just about $335, though no further economic projections have been drawn up for the time being.A metal fence surrounds the grounds of the archives, and a security guard stands watch at the gate, so there is little risk that local predators — large, unleashed dogs, for instance — will be able to reach the ewes.Curious humans, however, are encouraged to visit the sheep, and perhaps the archives, too. The eco-grazing project began as an initiative to attract the public to the archives, and informational panels have been put in place to explain what, exactly, thesheep are doing here.But the archivists have had to be trained to care for the animals. In the unlikely event that a ewe should flip onto her back, Ms. Masson said, someone must rush to put her back on her feet.Part B Optional Translation(二选一题)Topic 1 (选题一)Norman Joseph Woodland was born in Atlantic City on Sept. 6, 1921. As a Boy Scout he learned Morse code, the spark that would ignite his invention.After spending World War II on the Manhattan Project , Mr. Woodland resumed his studies at the Drexel Institute of Technology in Philadelphia (it is now Drexel University), earning a bachelor’s degree in 1947.As an undergraduate, Mr. Woodland perfected a system for delivering elevator music efficiently. He planned to pursue the project commercially, but his father, who had come of age in “Boardwalk Empire”-era Atlantic City, forbade it: elevator music, he said, was controlled by the mob, and no son of his was going to come within spitting distance.The younger Mr. Woodland returned to Drexel for a master’s degree. In 1948, a local supermarket executive visited the campus, where he implored a dean to develop an efficient means of encoding product data. The dean demurred, but Mr. Silver, a fellow graduate student who overheard their conversation, was intrigued. He conscripted Mr. Woodland.An early idea of theirs, which involved printing product information in fluorescent ink and reading it with ultraviolet light, proved unworkable.But Mr. Woodland, convinced that a solution was close at hand, quit graduate school to devote himself to the problem. He holed up at his grandparents’ home in Miami Beach, where he spent the winter of 1948-49 in a chair in the sand, thinking.To represent information visually, he realized, he would need a code. The only code he knew was the one he had learned in the Boy Scouts.What would happen, Mr. Woodland wondered one day, if Morse code, with itselegant simplicity and limitless combinatorial potential, were adapted graphically? He began trailing his fingers idly through the sand.“What I’m going to tell you sounds like a fairy tale,” Mr. Woodland told Smithsonian magazine in 1999. “I poked my four fingers into the sand and for whatever reason — I didn’t know — I pulled my hand toward me and drew four lines. Now I have four lines, and they could be wide lines and narrow lines instead of dots and dashes.’ ”Today, bar codes appears on the surface of almost every product of contemporary life. All because a bright young man, his mind ablaze with dots and dashes, one day raked his fingers through the sand.201211 Passage 1Tucked away in this small village in Buckinghamshire County is the former Elizabethan coaching inn where William Shakespeare is said to have penned part of "A Midsummer Night's Dream."Dating from 1534, the inn, now called Shakespeare House, is thought to have been built as a Tudor hunting lodge. Later it became a stop for travelers between London and Stratford-upon-Avon, where Shakespeare was born and buried.It was "Brief Lives," a 17th-century collection of biographies by John Aubrey, that linked Shakespeare to the inn, saying that he had stayed there and drawn inspiration for the comedy while in the village.One of the current owners, Nick Underwood, said the local lore goes even further: "It is also said he appears at the oriel window on the top floor of the house on April 23 every year -- the date he is said to have been born and to have died.""In later years, the house later became a farmhouse, with 150 acres of land, but, over time, pieces were sold off," Mr. Underwood said. "In the 20th century, it was owned by two American families." Now, he and his co-owner, Roy Elsbury, have put the seven-bedroom property on the market at £1.375 million, or $2.13 million. Despite its varied uses and renovations over the years, the 4,250-square-foot, or 395-square-meter, inn has retained so much of its original character that the organization English Heritage lists it as a Grade II* property, indicating that it is particularly important and of "more than special interest." Only 27 percent of the 1,600 buildings on the organization's register have this designation.We knew of the house before we bought it and were very excited when it came up for sale. It is so unusual to find an Elizabethan property of this size, in this area, and when we saw it, we absolutely fell in love with it," Mr. Underwood said. "We have taken great pleasure in working on it and living here. This house is all about the history."In addition to being the owners' home, the property currently is run as a luxury guest house, with rooms rented for ₤99 to ₤250 a night."Shakespeare House is a wonderful example of Elizabethan architecture," said DeanHeaviside, the national sales director of Fine real estate agency, which is representing the owners. "It has been beautif-ully restored and offers a unique lifestyle, which brings a taste of the past together with modern-day comfort. It is rare to find a home like this on the market."Passage 2The ancient frozen dome cloaking Greenland is so vast that pilots have crashed into what they thought was a cloud bank spanning the horizon. Flying over it, you can scarcely imagine that it could erode fast enough to dangerously raise sea levels any time soon.Along the flanks in spring and summer, however, the picture is very different. For an increasing number of warm years, a network of blue lakes and rivulets of melt-water has been spreading ever higher on the icecap.The melting surface darkens, absorbing up to four times as much energy from the sun as snow, which reflects sunlight. Natural drainpipes called moulins carry water from the surface into the depths, in some places reaching bedrock.The process slightly, but measurably, lubricates and accelerates the grinding passage of ice towards the sea.Most important, many glaciologists say, is the break-up of huge semi-submerged clots of ice where some large Greenland glaciers, particularly along the west coast, squeeze through fiords as they meet the warming ocean. As these passages have cleared, this has sharply accelerated the flow of many of these creeping, corrugated and frozen rivers.Some glaciologists fear that the rise in seas in a warming world could be much greater than the upper estimate of about 60 centimetres this century made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change last year. (Seas rose less than 30 centimetres last century.)The panel's assessment did not include factors known to contribute to ice flows but not understood well enough to estimate with confidence. SCIENTIFIC scramble is under way to clarify whether the erosion of the world's most vulnerable ice sheets, in Greenland and west Antarctica, can continue to accelerate. The effort involves fieldand satellite analyses and sifting for clues from past warm periods,Things are definitely far more serious than anyone would have thought five years ago. Passage 1中国是一个发展中国家。
2006-2012 二级笔译实务真题 catti
目录2006年5月二级笔译实务真题 (1)2006年11月二级笔译实务真题 (6)2007年5月二级笔译实务真题 (11)2007年11月二级笔译实务真题 (14)2008年5月二级笔译实务真题 (17)2008年11月二级笔译实务真题 (20)2009年5月二级笔译实务真题 (24)2009年11月二级笔译实务真题 (28)2010年5月二级笔译实务真题 (31)2010年11月二级笔译实务真题 (34)2011年5月二级笔译实务真题 (36)2011年11月二级笔译实务真题 (40)2012年5月二级笔译实务真题 (47)2012年11月二级笔译实务真题 (50)2006年5月二级笔译实务真题【英译汉必译题】For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year,travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home.Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December,the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali,among other places on or off the tourist trail.The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck."This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange,"said John Koldowski,director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association."It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past12 months,but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear.Leisure travel is expected to increase by nearly5percent this year,according to the World Tourism and Travel Council.Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort,"said Ufi Ibrahim,vice president of the London-based World Tourism and Travel Council.For London,where suicide bombers killed56and wounded700on July8,she said,"It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations.Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association,for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka,where the Dec.26,2004,tsunami left more than30,000people dead or missing,were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali,where202people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002.Visitor arrivals plunged to993,000for the year after the bombing,but bounced back to1.46million in2004,a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Even among Australians,who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since1998,according the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed19people in explosions at three restaurants.Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand,where the giant waves killed5,400and left more than5,000missing.Although the tsunami killed more than500Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket,the largest number of any foreign nationality to die,Swedes are returning to the island in larger numbers than last year,according to My Travel Sweden,a Stockholm-based group that sends600,000tourists overseas annually and claims a28 percent market share for Sweden."We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as a destination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Eriksson,director of communication for My Travel Sweden."We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline."Eriksson said My Travel now expects a5percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year.This behavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the1990s,Eriksson said."During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole,and the same after Sept.11,"Eriksson said."Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."【英译汉二选一】【试题1】Freed by warming,waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.In Bykovsky,a village of457on Russia's northeast coast,the shoreline is collapsing,creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil,at a rate of 15to18feet a year."It is practically all ice-permafrost-and it is thawing."For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle,a changing climate presents new opportunities.But it also threatens their environment,their homes and,for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness,the preservation of their culture.A push to develop the North,quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas,carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region.The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and,soon,liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North nd that was untouched could betainted by pollution as generators,smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well,forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of$100million or more for each one.Across the Arctic,indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife.They are trying to adapt,but it can be confounding.In Finnmark,Norway's northernmost province,the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau,silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.A changing Arctic is felt there,too."The reindeer are becoming unhappy,"said Issat Eira,a31-year-old reindeer herder.Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs.The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region,and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance.And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr.Eira that his livelihood,intractably entwined with the reindeer,is not about to change.Like a Texas cattleman,he keeps the size of his herd secret.But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow,which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat."The people who are making the decisions,they are living in the south and they are living in towns,"said Mr.Eira,sitting inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather.It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it."A push to develop the North,quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas,carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region.The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and,soon,liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North nd that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators,smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.【试题2】Some people call him“Guidone”—big rge in both physical stature and reputation,Guido Rossi,who took over as Telecom Italia's chairman on September 15th following the surprise resignation of Marco Tronchetti Provera,has stood outfrom the Italian business crowd for more than three decades.Mr.Rossi,who attended Harvard law school in the1950s and wrote a book on American bankruptcy law, made his name as a corporate lawyer keen on market rules and their enforcement.He has since worked in both private and public sectors,including stints in the Italian Senate and as one of the European Commission's group of company-law experts.As well as running a busy legal practice,he also has a reputation as a corporate troubleshooter and all-round Mr Fix-It,and is often called upon to clean up organisations in crisis.His role at Telecom Italia marks a return to the company he headed for ten months in1997,during its politically tricky and legally complex privatisation.Before that,Mr Rossi had been sent in to sort out Ferruzzi-Montedison,an agri-business and chemicals group,which had collapsed after magistrates uncovered tangentopoli (“bribesville”).Last year his legal scheming was crucial in ABN Amro's victorious bid for Banca Antonveneta.Most recently,he acted as special commissioner at Italy's football association,where he was drafted in to sort out the mess after a massive match-rigging scandal exploded earlier this year.Alas,his efforts to bleach football's dark stains produced the same meagre[4] results as his other efforts to get Italian business and finance to change its ways.“Like Italians when tangentopoli burst,fans wanted justice when the scandal broke;but enthusiasm for legality quickly waned,”sighs Francesco Saverio Borrelli,Milan's former chief prosecutor,who headed the city's assault on corruption during the1990s and was appointed by Mr Rossi to dig out football's dirt.The political muscle of the clubs prevented tough measures being taken against them,reflecting Italy's two-tier justice system in which the rich and powerful can do what they like.“Economic interests in football far outweigh sporting interests,”remarks Mr Borrelli.The rottenness in football shocked even the unshakeable Mr Rossi.“Football did not want rules,it just wanted me to solve its problems,”he says.Despairing of being able to change much,he resigned in September and turned his attention to Telecom Italia.【汉译英】【试题一】亚洲是我们共同的家园,亚洲的和平、稳定、发展关系到亚洲各国人民的共同命运。
2006-2013CATTI二级笔译实务真题及答案汉译英
2006-2013CATTI⼆级笔译实务真题及答案汉译英2013年5⽉⼆级笔译真题1. 英译汉第⼀篇:For more than a decade, archaeologists and historians have been studying the contents of a ninth-century Arab dhow that was discovered in 1998 off Indonesia’s Belitung Island.⼗多年来,考古学家和历史学家⼀直在精⼼研究1998年在印度尼西亚我勿⾥洞岛附近发现的⼀膄19世纪单桅三⾓帆船残骸。
The sea-cucumber divers who found the wreck had no idea it eventually would be considered one of the most important maritime discoveries of the late 20th century.发现这些残骸的深海潜⽔员们根本不会想到这终将成为20世纪末最重要的海洋发现之⼀。
The dhow was carrying a rich cargo — 60,000 ceramic pieces and an array of gold and silver works —and its discovery has confirmed how significant trade was along a maritime silk road between Tang Dynasty China and Abbasid Iraq.由发现的60,000块瓷器碎⽚与⼤量⾦银器可见,这膄三⾓帆船当时运载着沉重的货物。
这⼀发现还证实了海上丝绸之路对古中国唐朝与伊拉克阿巴斯王朝之间的双边贸易往来发挥的重要作⽤。
It also has revealed how China was mass-producing trade goods even then and customizing them to suit the tastes of clients in West Asia.同时也揭⽰了中国当时已经开始⼤批量⽣产贸易物资,并可订购满⾜西亚消费者需求的产品。
CATTI人事部二级笔译实务真题
CATTI二级笔译实务真题汇总目录2014年11月二级笔译实务 (1)2014年5月二级笔译实务 (6)2013年11月二级笔译实务 (10)2013年5月二级笔译实务 (12)2012年11月二级笔译实务 (16)2012年5月二级笔译实务 (21)2011年11月二级笔译实务 (26)2011年5月二级笔译实务 (29)2010年11月二级笔译实务 (33)2010年5月二级笔译实务 (36)2009年5月二级笔译实务 (40)2008年11月二级笔译实务 (45)2008年5月二级笔译实务 (46)2007年11月二级笔译实务 (50)2007年5月二级笔译实务 (54)2006年11月二级笔译实务 (59)2006年5月二级笔译实务 (64)2014年11月二级笔译实务Part 1 English to Chinese TranslationPassage 1The region around this Belgian city is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniversary in 2015 of one of the major battles in European military history. But weaving a path through the pre parations is proving almost as tricky as making one’s way across the battlefield was back then, when the Duke of Wellington, as commander of an international alliance of forces, crushed Napoleon.A rambling though dilapidated farmstead called Hougoumont, which was crucial to the battle’s outcome, is being painstakingly restored as an educational center. Nearby, an underground visitor center is under construction, and roads and monuments throughout the rolling farmland where once the sides fought are being refurbished. More than 6,000 military buffs are expected to re-enact individual skirmishes.While the battle ended two centuries ago, however, hard feelings have endured. Memories are long here, and not everyone here shares Britain’s enthusiasm for celebrating Napoleon’s defeat.Every year, in districts of Wallonia, the French-speaking part of Belgium, there are fetes to honor Napoleon, according to Count Georges Jacobs de Hagen, a prominent Belgian industrialist and chairman of a committee responsible for r estoring Hougoumont. “Napoleon, for these people, was very popular,” Mr. Jacobs, 73, said over coffee. “That is why, still today, there are some enemies of the project.”Belgium, of course, did not exist in 1815. Its Dutch-speaking regions were part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, while the French-speaking portion had been incorporated into the French Empire. Among French speakers, Mr. Jacobs said, Napoleon had a “huge influence — the administration, the Code Napoléon,” or reform of the legal system. Whi le Dutch-speaking Belgians fought under Wellington, French speakers fought with Napoleon.That distaste on the part of modern-day French speakers crystallized in resistance to a British proposal that, as part of the restoration of Hougoumont, a memorial be raised to the British soldiers who died defending its narrow North Gate at a critical moment on June 18, 1815, when Wellington carried the day. “Every discussion in the committee was filled with high sensitivity,” Mr. Jacobs recalled. “I said, ‘This is a condition for the help of the British,’ so the North Gate won the battle, and we got the monument.”If Belgium was reluctant to get involved, France was at first totally uninterested. “They told us, ‘We don’t want to take part in this British triumphalism,’ ” said Countess Nathalie, a writer and publicist who is president of a committee representing four townships that own the land where the battle raged.比利时滑铁卢——2015年,这座比利时小镇热闹非凡,人们正在紧锣密鼓地筹备滑铁卢战役200周年的纪念活动。
2012翻译资格考试笔译实务试题
2012翻译资格考试笔译实务试题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation(英译汉)(60 point) The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题)(30 points)It was one of those days that the peasant fishermen on this tributary of the Amazon River dream about.With water levels falling rapidly at the peak of the dry season, a giant school of bass, a tasty fish that fetches a good price at markets, was swimming right into the nets being cast from a dozen small canoes here.“With a bit of luck, you can make $350 on a day like this,” Lauro Souza Almeida, a leader of the local fishermen’s cooperative, exulted as he moved into position. “That is a fortune for people like us,” he said, the equivalent of four months at the minimum wage earned by those fortunate enough to find work.But hovering nearby was a large commercial fishing vessel, a “mother boat” equipped with large ice chests for storage and hauling more than a dozen smaller craft. The crew on board was just waiting for the remainder of the fish to move into the river’s main channel, where they intended to scoop up as many as they could with their efficient gill nets.A symbol of abundance to the rest of the world, the Amazon is experiencing a crisis of overfishing. As stocks of the most popular species diminish to worrisome levels, tensions are growing between subsistence fishermen and their commercial rivals, who are eager to enrich their bottom line and satisfy the growing appetite for fish of city-dwellers in Brazil and abroad.In response, peasants up and down the Amazon, here in Brazil and in neighboring countries like Peru, are forming cooperatives to control fish catches and restock their rivers and lakes. But that effort, increasingly successful, has only encouraged the commercial fis hing operations, as well as some of the peasants’ less disciplined neighbors, to step up their depredations.“The industrial fishing boats, the big 20- to 30-ton vessels, they have a different mentality than us artisanal fishermen, who have learned to take the protection of the environment into account,” said the president of the local fishermen’s union. “They want to sweep everything up with their dragnets and then move on, benefiting from our work and sacrifice and leaving us with nothing.”Part B Optional Translations (二选一题) (30 points)Topic 1 (选题一) Ever since the economist David Ricardo offered the basictheory in 1817, economic scripture has taught that open trade—free of tariffs, quotas, subsidies or other government distortions—improves the well-being of both parties. U.S. policy has implemented this doctrine with a vengeance. Why is free trade said to be universally beneficial? The answer is a doctrine called “comparative advantage”.Here’s a simple analogy. If a surgeon is highly skilled both at doing operations and performing routine blood tests, it’s more efficient for the surgeon to concentrate on the surgery and pay a less efficient technician to do the tests, since that allows the surgeon to make the most efficient use of her own time.By extension, even if the United States is efficient both at inventing advanced biotechnologies and at the routine manufacture of medicines, it makes sense for the United States to let the production work migrate to countries that can make the stuff more cheaply. Americans get the benefit of the cheaper products and get to spend their resources on even more valuable pursuits, That, anyway, has always been the premise. But here Samuelson dissents. What if the lowerwage country also captures the advanced industry?If enough higher-paying jobs are lost by American workers to outsourcing, he calculates, then the gain from the cheaper prices may not compensate for the loss in U.S. purchasing power.“Free trade is not always a win-win situa tion,” Samuelson concludes. It is particularly a problem, he says, in a world where large countries with far lower wages, like India and China, are increasingly able to make almost any product or offer almost any service performed in the United States.If America trades freely with them, then the powerful drag of their far lower will begin dragging down U.S. average wages. The U.S. economy may still grow, he calculates, but at a lower rate than it otherwise would have.Topic 2 (选题二) Uga nda’s eagerness for genuine development is reflected in its schoolchildren’s smiles and in the fact that so many children are now going to school. Since 1997, when the government began to provide universal primary education, total primary enrollment had risen from 3 million to 7.6 million in 2004. Schools have opened where none existed before, although there is some way to go in reaching the poorest areas of the country.Uganda has also made strides in secondary and higher education, to the point that it is attracting many students from other countries. At the secondary level, enrollment is above 700,000, with the private sector providing the majority if schools. For those who want to take their education further, there are 12 privateuniversities in addition to the four publicly funded institutions, together providing 75,000 places.Education is seen as a vital component in the fight against poverty. The battle for better health is another, although it is one that will take longer to win in a country that carries a high burden of disease, including malaria and AIDS. Here, the solutions can only arise from a combination of international support and government determination to continue spending public money on preventive care and better public health information.Current government plants include recruiting thousands of nurses, increasing the availability of drugs and building 200 new maternity units.Uganda’s high rate of population growth, at 3.6 percent per annum, poses a special challenge in the fight against poverty, says Finance Minister Gerald Ssendaula, who points out that the fertility rate, at 6.9 children per female, is the highest in Africa.The government’s newly revised Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) puts the “restoration of security” at the top of the current government agenda. This is because it estimates that Uganda has lost 3 percent of its gross domestic product each year that the conflict has persisted. Displaced people are not only a financial burden, they are unable to the economy.The other core challenges identified by the revised PEAP are finding ways to keep the lowest income growing, improving the quality of education, giving people more control over the size of their families and using public resources transparently and efficiently. It is a document that other poor countries could learn from.KEYS:Section 1: 英译汉 (60分)Part A (必译题)(30分)在亚马逊河的这一支流上捕鱼的农民就希望遇上那天的情况。
12年5月二笔实务答案 汉英翻译参考译文
展望未来共享繁荣——在金砖国家领导人第三次会晤时的讲话中华人民共和国主席胡锦涛2011年4月14日,海南三亚第一,大力维护世界和平稳定。
和平稳定是发展的前提和基础。
上个世纪,人类经历了两次世界大战,生灵涂炭,经济社会发展遭受严重挫折。
第二次世界大战结束以来,世界经济能够快速增长,主要得益于相对和平稳定的国际环境。
First, we should endeavor to maintain world peace and stability. Peace and stability form the prerequisite and foundation for development. The two world wars in the last century caused mankind untold sufferings and world economic and social development severe setbacks. It is mainly due to the relatively peaceful and stable international environment that the world economy has been able to grow at a fast pace in the post-war era.我们应该恪守联合国宪章宗旨和原则,充分发挥联合国及其安理会在维护和平、缔造和平、建设和平方面的核心作用。
坚持通过对话和协商,以和平方式解决国际争端。
We should abide by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and bring into full play the central role of the United Nations and its Security Council in peace keeping, peace making and peace building. We should seek peaceful settlement of international disputes through dialogue and consultation.我们应该坚持国家不论大小、强弱、贫富都是国际社会平等一员,以民主、包容、合作、共赢的精神实现共同安全,做到一国内部的事情一国自主办、大家共同的事情大家商量办,坚定不移奉行多边主义和国际合作,推进国际关系民主化。
03--12年二级笔译真题《笔译实务》汇总
英语二级笔译2003-2012年真题及部分参考答案2003年12月英语二级笔译实务试题Section 1: English – Chinese Translation (英译汉)This section consists of two parts, Part A —“Compulsory Translation” and Part B —“Choice of Two Translations”consisting of two sections “Topic I”and “Topic 2”. For the passage in Part A and your choice of passage in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into Chinese. Above your translation of Part A, write “Compulsory Translation”and above your translation from Part B, write “Topic I” or “Topic 2” (60 points, 100 minutes)Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题) (30 points)Nowhere to GoFor the latest on the pursuit of the American Dream in Silicon Valley, all you have to do is to talk to someone like “Nagaraj”(who didn’t want to reveal his real name). He’s an Indian immigrant who, like many other Indian engineers, came to America recently on an H-1B visa, which allows skilled workers to be employed by one company for as many as six years. But one morning last month, Nagaraj and a half dozen other Indian workers with H-1Bs were called into a conference room in their San Francisco technology-consulting firm and told they were being laid off. The reason: weakening economic conditions in Silicon Valley, “It was the shock of my lifetime,” says Nagaraj.This is not a normal bear-market sob story. According to federal regulation, Nagaraj and his colleagues have two choices. They must either return to India, or find another job in a tight labor market and hope that the Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS) allow them to transfer their visa to the new company. And the law doesn’t allow them to earn a pay-check until all the paperwork winds its way through the INS bureaucracy. “How am I going to survive without any job and without any income?”Nagaraj wonders.Until recently, H-1B visas were championed by Silicon Valley companies as the solution to the region’s shortage of programmers and engineers. First issued by the INS in 1992, they attract skilled workers from other countries, many of whom bring families with them, lay down roots and apply for the more permanent green cards. Through February 2000, more than 81,000 worker held such visas —but with the dot-com crash, many have been getting laid off. That’s causing mass consternation in U.S.means that he must pack up and go home. But because of the scope of this year’s layoffs, the U.S. government has recently backpedaled, issuing a confusing series of statements that suggest workers might be able to stay if they qualify for some exceptions and can find a new company to sponsor their visa. But even those loopholes remain nebulous. The result is thousands of immigrants now face dimming career prospects in America, and the possibilities that they will be sent home. “They are in limbo. It is the greatest form of torture,” says Amar Veda of the Silicon Valley-based Immigrants Support Network.The crisis looks especially bad in light of all the heated visa rhetoric by Silicon Valley companies in the past few years. Last fall the industry won a big victory by getting Congress to approve an increase in the annual number of H-1B visas. Now, with technology firms retrenching, demand for such workers is slowing. Valley heavyweights like Intel, Cisco and Hewlett-Packard have all announced thousands of layoffs this year, which include many H-1B workers. The INS reported last month that only 16,000 new H-1B workers came to the United States in February —down from 32,000 in February of last year.Last month, acknowledging the scope of the problem, the INS told H-1B holders “not to panic,” and that there would be a grace period for laid-off workers before they had to leave the United States. INS spokeswomen Eyleen Schmidt promises that more specific guidance will come this month. “We are aware of the cutbacks,” she says. “We’re trying to be as generous as we can be within the confines of the existing law.”Part B Choice of Two Translations (二选一题) (30 points)Topic 1 (选题一)What Is the Force of Gravity?If you throw a ball up, it will come down again. What makes it come down? The ball comes down because it is pulled or attracted towards the Earth. The Earth exerts a force of attraction on all objects. Objects that are nearer to the Earth are attracted to it with a greater force than those that are further away. This force of attraction is known as the force of gravity. The gravitational force acting on an object at the Earth’s surface is called the weight of the object.All the heavenly bodies in space like the moon, the planets and the stars also exert an attractive force on objects. The bigger and heavier a body is, the greater is its force of gravity. Thus, since the moon is a smaller body than Earth, the force it exerts on an object at its surface is less than that exerted by the Earth on the same object on the Earth’s surface. In fact, the moon’s gravitational force is only one-sixth that of the Earth. This means that an object weighing 120 kilograms on Earth will only weigh 20 kilograms on themoon. Therefore on the moon you could lift weights which are six times heavier than the heaviest weight that you can lift on Earth.The Earth’s gravitational force or pull keeps us and everything else on Earth from floating away to space. To get out into space and travel to the moon or other planets we have to overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull.Entry into SpaceHow can we overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull? Scientists have been working on this for a long time. It is only recently that they have been able to build machines powerful enough to get out of the Earth’s gravitational pull. Such machines are called space rockets. Their great speed and power help them to escape from the Earth’s gravitational pull and go into space.RocketsThe powerful space rocket works along the same lines as a simple firework rocket. The firework rocket has a cylindrical body and a conical head. The body is packed with gunpowder which is the fuel. It is a mixture of chemicals that will burn rapidly to form hot gases.At the base or foot of the rocket there is an opening or nozzle. A fuse hangs out like a tail from the nozzle. A long stick attached along the body serves to direct the rocket before the fuse is lighted.When the gunpowder burns, hot gases rush out of the nozzle. The hot gases continue to rush out as long as the gunpowder burns. When these gases shoot downwards through the nozzle the rocket is pushed upwards. This is called jet propulsion. The simple experiment, shown in the picture, will help you to understand jet propulsion.Topic 2 (选题二)Basketball DiplomacyCHINA”S TALLEST SOLDIER never really expected to live the American Dream. But Wang Zhizhi, a 7-foot-1 basketball star from the People’s Liberation Army, is making history as the first Chinese player in the NBA. In his first three weeks in America the 23-year-old rookie has already cashed his first big NBA check, preside over “Wang Zhizhi Day” in San Francisco and become immortalized on his very own tradingcards. He’s even played in five games with his new team, the Dallas Mavericks, scoring 24 points in just 38 minutes. Now the affable Lieutenant Wang is joining the Mavericks on their ride into the NBA playoffs —and he is intent on enjoying every minute. One recent evening Wang slipped into the hot tub behind the house of Mavericks assistant coach Donn Nelson. He leaned back, stretched out and pointed at a plane moving across the star-filled sky. In broken English, he started singing his favorite tune: “I believe I can fly.I believe I can touch the sky.”Back in China, the nation’s other basketball phenom, Yao Ming , can only dream of taking flight. Yao thought he was going to be the first Chinese player in the NBA. The 7-foot-5 Shanghai sensation is more highly touted than Wang: the 20-year-old could be the No.1 overall pick in the June NBA draft. But as the May 13 deadline to enter the draft draws near, Yao is still waiting for a horde of business people and apparatchiks to decide his fate. Last week, as Wang scored 13 points in the Dallas season finale, Yao was wading through a stream of bicycles on a dusty Beijing street.Yao and Wang are more than just freaks of nature in basketball shorts. The twin towers are national treasures, symbols of China’s growing stature in the world. They’re also emblematic of the NBA’s outsize dreams for conquering China. The NBA, struggling at home, sees salvation in the land of 1.3 billion potential hoop fans. China, determined to win the 2008 Olympics and join the World Trade Organization, is eager to make its mark on the world —on its own terms. The two-year struggle to get these young players into the NBA has been a cultural collision —this one far removed from U.S.-China bickering over spy planes and trade liberalization. If it works out, it could be —in basketball parlance —the ultimate give-and-go. “This is just like Ping-Pong diplomacy,”says Xia Song, a sport-marketing executive who represents Wang. “Only with a much bigger ball.”Two years ago it looked more like a ball and chain. Wang’s Army bosses were miffed when the Mavericks had the nerve to draft their star back in 1999. Nelson remembers flying to Beijing with the then owner Ross Perot Jr. —son of the eccentric billionaire —to hammer out a deal with the stone-faced communists of the PLA. “You could hear them thinking: ‘What is this NBA team doing, trying to lay claim to our property?’”Nelson recalls. “We tried to explain that this was an honor for Wang and for China.”There was no deal. Wang grew despondent and lost his edge on court.This year Yao became the anointed one. He eclipsed Wang in scoring and rebounding, and even stole away his coveted MVP award in the Chinese Basketball Association league. It looked as if his Shanghai team —a dynamic semicapitalist club in China’s most open city —would get its star to the NBA first.Then came the March madness. Wang broke out of his slump to lead the Army team to its sixthconsecutive CBA title —scoring 40 in the final game. A day later the PLA scored some points of its own by announcing that Wang was free to go West. What inspired the change of heart? No doubt the Mavericks worked to build trust with Chinese officials (even inviting national- team coach Wang Fei to spend the 1999-2000 season in Dallas). There was also the small matter of Chinese pride. The national team stumbled to a 10th-place finish at the 2000 Olympics, after placing eighth in 1996. Even the most intransigent cadre could see that the team would improve only if it sent its stars overseas to learn from the world’s best players.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英)This section consists of two parts, Part A —“Compulsory Translation”and Part B —“Choice of Two Translations”consisting of two sections “Topic 1”and “Topic 2”. For the passage in Part A and your choice of passage in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write “Compulsory Translation”and above your translation from Part B, write “Topic 1” or “Topic 2” (40 points, 80 minutes)Part A Compulsory Translation(必译题)(20 points)中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。
2012考研英语二翻译部分答案
2012考研英语二翻译部分答案When people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world. These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates。
发展中国家的人们若为移民问题操心,往往是想到硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学去创造自己最辉煌的未来。
英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国给大学毕业生提供的优惠移民政策,就是为了吸引这部分人群。
Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate. A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education, compared with around 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25. The “brain drain” has long bothered policymakers in poor countries. They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make。
2012年二级笔译试题翻译答案 Passage1
2012年二级笔译试题翻译答案Passage1总分25分,考生一般只能得到15分白金汉郡的一个小村庄的偏僻之处(tucked away),坐落着伊丽莎白时期建造的驿站。
据说威廉莎士比亚《仲夏夜之梦》的部分篇章在这里完成。
现称莎士比亚故居的这个驿站,它的历史要追溯到1534年的都铎王朝,它最初的目的是当作狩猎时的休憩之地。
之后,它变成了往返于伦敦和埃文河畔的斯特拉特福之间的旅行者的逗留之所,埃文河畔的斯特拉特福是威廉莎士比亚诞生和长眠之地,17世纪由约翰.奥布里所著的传记集《名人列传》(Brief Lives)。
正是这本书将莎士比亚与这座驿站联系在一起,书中写到威廉莎士比亚在村庄停留时,给他的《仲夏夜之梦》(the comedy 就是前文所指的A Midsummer Night’s Dream)创作带来灵感。
尼克·安德伍德,这座驿站的现拥有者之一,讲道当地有一个更神奇(goes even further)的传说:“每年的4月23号,据说这是威廉莎士比亚诞生和死亡之日,他都会出现在这座房子的顶楼的窗户前。
”安德伍德先生说道:“后来,房子成了农舍,农场占地150英亩。
但是,随着时间的推移,土地一点点卖掉了。
20世纪的时候,两个美国家庭成为它的主人。
”现在,安德伍德和他的合伙人罗伊艾斯布瑞,把这座七间卧室的房子以137.5万英镑(约为21.3万美元)的标价上市出售。
这些年来,这座4250平方英尺(约为395平方米)的驿站,尽管它的用途(uses)多次更变,也经过多次整修。
但它仍然保留着许多它原本的特色,因此英国文化遗产保护机构把它列为二级文物,这显示出来她的特殊的重要性以及不仅仅是特别的吸引力。
在已注册的1600座历史建筑物的名单中只有27%的文物拥有此殊荣(designation)。
安德伍德先生说道:“在我们买之前就已经知道它的存在了,得知它要出售时,我们激动不已,在这个地区能够发现如此规模的伊丽莎白时期的建筑物,十分难得,我们对它一见钟情。
2012年翻译资格考试笔译综合能力试题(二)
2012年翻译资格考试笔译综合能力试题(二)Part 2 Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. Shellfish give the deceptive appearance of enjoying a peaceful existence, although in fact life is a constant struggle for them.A. misleadingB. calmC. understandableD. initial22. The most striking technological success in the 20th century is probably the computer revolution.A. profitableB. productiveC. prominentD. prompt23. Scientific evidence from different disciplinesdemonstrates that in most humans the left hemisphere of the brain controls language.A. groups of followersB. yearsC. countriesD. fields of study24. Public relations practice is the deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organization and its public.A. completeB. relatedC. intentionalD. active25. The use of the new technology will have a profoundeffect on schools.A. negativeB. positiveC. strongD. useful26. If we look at the Chinese and British concepts of hospitality, we find one major similarity but a number of important differences.A. hostilityB. friendlinessC. mannerD. culture27. In just three years, the Net has gone from a playground for the local people to a vast communications andtrading center where millions swap information or do deals around the world.A. businessB. shoppingC. chattingD. meeting28. Most species of this plant thrive in ordinary well-drainedgarden soil and they are best planted 8 cm deep and 5 cm apart.A. develop wellB. grow tallerC. matureD. bear fruit29. Motivation is the driving force within individuals that impels them to action.A. impedesB. interferesC. holdsD. pushes30. The ultimate cause of the Civil War was the bombardment of Fort Sumter.A. onlyB. finalC. trueD. special31. No hero of ancient or modern days can surpass the Indians with their lofty contempt of death and the fortitude with which they sustain its cruelest affliction.A. regardB. courageC. lossD. trick32. The service economy doesn't suggest that we convert our factories into laundries to survive.A. implyB. persuadeC. hurlD. transform33. It was rather strange how the habits of his youth clung to him still. He was 72.A. stuck toB. turnedC. led toD. gave way to34. He has a touch of eccentricity in his composition.A. essayB. writingC. characterD. manner35. Jim was a stout old gentleman, with a weather-beatencountenance.A. bodyB. skinC. shoulderD. passionate interest。
5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案
5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案第一部分英译汉必译题There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10 percent.By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 two months ago.Such is the volatility of today‟s markets. We do not know how high food prices might go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon.Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day - the “bottom billion,”the poorest of the world‟s poor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spe ndtwo-thirds of their income on food.In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag. Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that‟s all they can afford.Traveling though West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw a government working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies, helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women‟s cooperative running a chicken farm set up with UN funds. The project generated income - and food - for villagers in ways that can easily be replicated.Elsewhere, I saw yet another women‟s group slowly expanding their local agricultural production, with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their own home-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program.These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems - precisely the kind of solutions that Africa needs.参照译文:上周,世界粮食危机出现了一线转机。
2012年下半年-人事部二级笔译-真题
二级笔译:《二级笔译实务》1. 英译汉第一篇:节选自The New York Times,原文标题为:Where Shakespeare Slept, or So They SayT ucked away in this s mall village in Buckinghams hire C ounty is the former Elizabethan c oac hing inn where William Shakes peare is s aid to have penned part of "A M idsummer N ight's Dream."Dating from 1534, the inn, now c alled Shakes peare H ous e, is thought to have been built as a T udor hunting lodge. Later it became a s top for travelers between London and Stratford-upon-Avon, where Shakes peare was born and buried.I t was"Brief Lives," a 17th-century collec tion of biographies by John Aubrey, that linked Shakes peare to the inn, saying that he had s tayed there and drawn ins piration for the comedy while in the village.One of the c urrent owners, N ick U nderwood, said the local lore goes even further: "I t is also s aid he appears at the oriel window on the top floor of the house on April 23every year -- the date he is said to have been born and to have died." "I n later years, the hous e later became a farmhous e, with 150 acres of land, but, over time, piec es were sold off," M r. U nderwood s aid. "I n the 20th century, it was owned by two A meric an families." Now, he and his c o-owner, Roy E lsbury, have put the seven-bedroom property on the market at £1.375 million, or $2.13 million.Despite its varied uses and renovations over the years, the 4,250-s quare-foot, or 395-square-meter, inn has retained s o muc h of its original c harac ter that the organization Englis h H eritage lists it as a Grade II*property, indicating that it is partic ularly important and of "more than special interes t." O nly 27perc ent of the 1,600buildings on the organization's register have this designation."We knew of the house before we bought it and were very exc ited when it c ame up for s ale. I t is so unus ual to find an Elizabethan property of this size, in this area, and when we s aw it, we abs olutely fell in love with it," M r. U nderwood said. "We have taken great pleas ure in working on it and living here. T his house is all about the his tory."I n addition to being the owners' home, the property c urrently is run as a luxury gues t hous e, with rooms rented for £99 to £250a night.I n the main hous e, these include the Shakes peare Suite, P uc k's Room, O beron's Room and Titania's Bower. E ach bedroom has an individual décor, with s ome featuring vaulted c eilings and beams and others with paneled walls and s tripped wood floors. T here als o are five bathrooms."T he Shakespeare Suite is in the older part of the house and is really the master bedroom. We have dec orated it using lots of antique s ilk," M r. U nderwood s aid. "We do not us e the s mall room with the oriel window, whic h Shakes peare is said to have us ed, for gues ts, as we want to pres erve it as muc h as possible."A separate struc ture, whic h was c onverted into the 1,865-s quare-foot, four-bedroom Playwright's Barn, is on the market for £575,000. Planning permiss ion also has been granted for a new building on part of the site, a plot of land that is also available for s ale s eparately."Shakes peare H ouse is a wonderful example of Elizabethan architec ture," s aid Dean Heavis ide, the national sales director of Fine real estate agenc y, which is repres enting the owners. "I t has been beautifully res tored and offers a unique lif es tyle, whic h brings a tas te of the pas t together with modern-day c omfort. It is rare to find a home like this on the market."2. 英译汉第二篇:同样节选自The New Y ork Times,原文标题为:In Greenland, I ce and InstabilityT he anc ient frozen dome cloaking Greenland is s o vast that pilots have c ras hed into what they thought was a cloud ban k s panning the horizon. Flying over it, you c an scarcely imagine that it could erode fas t enough to dangerous ly rais e sea levels any time s oon.Along the flanks in s pring and s ummer, however, the pic ture is very different. For an inc reasing number of warm years, a network of blue lakes and rivulets of melt-water has been s preading ever higher on the ic ecap.T he melting s urface darkens, absorbing up to four times as muc h energy from the s un as s now, whic h reflec ts s unlight. N atural drainpipes c alled moulins c arry water from the s urface into the depths, in s ome places reac hing bedrock.T he process s lightly, but measurably, lubric ates and acc elerates the grinding pass age of ic e towards the sea.M ost important, many glac iologis ts say, is the break-up of huge s emi-s ubmerged c lots of ice where s ome large Greenland glaciers, partic ularly along the west coas t, s queeze through fiords as they meet the warming ocean. As these pass ages have cleared, this has s harply accelerated the flow of many of these c reeping, corrugated and frozen rivers.Some glac iologis ts fear that the rise in s eas in a warming world c ould be muc h greater than the upper es timate of about 60c entimetres this c entury made by the I ntergovernmental P anel on C limate C hange last year. (Seas rose less than30 centimetres last c entury.)T he panel's ass essment did not inc lude fac tors known to c ontribute to ic e flows but not understood well enough toes timate with confidence.A scientific scramble is under way to clarify whether the erosion of the world's mos t vulnerable ice s heets, in Greenland and wes t A ntarctic a, c an c ontinue to accelerate. T he effort involves field and s atellite analyses and sifting for c lues from pas t warm periods.3. 汉译英第一篇:节选自《中国的对外援助》白皮书多年来,中国在致力于自身发展的同时,始终坚持向经济困难的其他发展中国家提供力所能及的援助,承担相应国际义务。
2012年二级笔译试题翻译参考答案 Passage2
2012年二级笔译试题翻译参考答案Passage2科普类文章,翻译这篇文章时需要常识+逻辑古老的冰盖(frozen dome)覆盖(cloaking)在格陵兰岛上,面积如此的巨大,曾经许多飞行员误把它看作是跨越地平线的云堤(cloud bank),以至于发生撞机事件。
在格陵兰的上空上看,很少人很难想象到它融化的如此之快,海平面足以在不久的将来上升危险之际。
然而,在春夏之时,冰盖的两侧(指的是ice flanks)却有另番景象。
随着持续温暖年份的延长,冰雪融化汇集的蓝色的湖水和小溪,两者交织在一起,不断的向冰盖高处漫延。
已融化的冰雪,表面变暗,这是因为它所吸收太阳热量是那些因反射太阳光而未融化冰雪所吸收的四倍(是….的四倍/多….三倍)。
冰臼,也就是天然的排水管,冰雪融化流向冰层深处,到达基岩地层。
这一过程十分缓慢,但也可以测量到,冰川碾压(grinding用力挤压,指对地表的作用)着地表,加快了滑向大海的速度。
多名冰川专家说到,最重要的问题是,巨大的浮冰遇到温暖的海水会崩塌,尤其是西海岸的一些大冰川,就会挤过峡湾。
当这些流向大海的道路畅通无阻时,原本缓慢高低不一的冰河流动变得波涛凶猛。
这几天,许多冰川专家面对这些变化时,表现出一丝的紧张不安。
有些专家担心,由于地球变暖,导致的海平面上升的高度要比政府间气候变化委员会做出的预测高的多,委员会预测在本世纪海平面上升2英尺约60厘米(在20世纪的时候海平面的上升以接近1英尺约30厘米)。
委员会的估计尚不包括科学家对已知促成冰川流动,但却因缺乏足够的了解而无法有把握预测的诸多因数。
对此,所有的委员会这样说到:“我们不排除还有更大数值。
”一项科学研究正在进行,为了弄明白,在格陵兰岛和南极的西部,世界上最脆薄的冰层是否也在加速融化。
研究包括了实地考察,卫星数据的分析和筛选过去温暖时期中的线索。
一切表明都很稳定,得出这样的结论还为时过早,同样,我们也无法预测到毁灭性的冰川消融何时发生。
2012.5中笔原题和答案
全国商务英语翻译统一考试中级笔译试题注意事项1. 请按要求在试题卷和答题卷的标封处填写姓名、准考证号等;2. 请仔细阅读题目要求进行答题,答案写在答题卷上;3. 请保持卷面整洁,不要在标封区填写无关内容;4. 答题时间为150分钟。
Part I Translate the following sentences into English or into Chinese.1.这套产品正在做促销,节日期间打六折。
有本店会员卡的话,还可享受会员折扣,也就是“折上折”。
参考译文:This product is on promotion now. It’s 40% off during the holiday. If you get a (membership) card, you can enjoy member discount, be equivalent to “fold on fold”. (原创)2. 本公司是一家集专业研发、制造和销售于一体的高新技术企业。
公司创建于1995年,现有生产用房两万多平方米,生产规模达年产5000万支节能灯。
参考译文:(教材P71,2011年下原题,有改动)Our company, established in 1995, is a high–tech company specializing in professional R&D, production and sales of energy-saving lamps. It houses a total production space of over 20,000 square kilometers, with an annual manufacturing capacity of up to 50 million energy-saving lamps.3. 这个行业被几家大公司把持着,我们公司属于小角色,必须通力合作,采取一致立场反对不正当竞争。
2012年CATTI二级笔译模拟试题
2012年CATTI二级笔译模拟试题(付答案)来源:华尔街日报For more than a year, many Londoners have complained about their inability to obtain Olympic tickets, especially for marquee events like swimming and gymnastics. Then on Saturday, the first full day of competition here revealed unsightly swaths of empty seats at marquee events like swimming and gymnastics.How did that happen? Blame a mix of prime tickets that go unused by corporate sponsors, international sports federations and rights holders. Adding to the unfortunate visuals: Bored media stayed away in droves for preliminary competitions in some sports. This is a common Olympics phenomenon, especially early in the Games when medals aren't yet on the line.As a result, patches of empty seats were visible Saturday morning at North Greenwich Arena, where men's gymnastics qualifying was under way. The same was true at the Aquatics Center, where superstar Michael Phelps swam in preliminary heats. At Wimbledon, Serena Williams played at a mostly crowded Centre Court stadium that was nonetheless blotched with sections of a couple of hundred empty seats each.Fans aren't the only ones who were frustrated. On Saturday afternoon, Indian tennis player Mahesh Bhupathi tweeted: 'Been trying for 6 hours now to buy my wife a ticket to watch me play tomorrow. Still no luck, and the grounds here feel empty. ABSURD!!!'At Sunday morning's Olympic press briefing, a British reporter brandished a digital photo of empty seats at a men's gymnastics event and asked London Games chair Sebastian Coe to identify the guilty absentees. Mr. Coe replied: 'I'm very happy to look at your holiday snaps later.'Mr. Coe then expounded by saying that it was early in the Games, that empty seats weren't new to the Olympics and that, in fact, the venues were 'stuffed to the gullets.'Mr. Coe asserted that empty seats were 'not going to be an issue through these Games' and said organizers were distributing spare tickets to the military, students and teachers. 'Those venues are humming,' he said.By Sunday evening, the controversy yielded a parody Twitter account called 'the Empty Seat' (@olympicseat), in which the vacant chair laments: 'My grandfather was a seat in the 1948 Olympics. He made it sound so grand. I wanted to follow in his footsteps.'A spokesman for Locog, as the London Olympics organizing committee is known, said Saturday: 'We are aware that some venues have empty seats this morning. We believe the empty seats are in accredited seating areas, and we are in the process of finding out who should have been in the seats and why they weren't there.'Locog said it is working to find a way to quickly repurpose unused seats. By Sunday, military members and their families were being offered empty seats at events such as gymnastics.Locog has a total inventory of about 8.8 million tickets for the Games, but only about 75% of them wind up on sale to the public. About 12% go to national Olympic committees, who then can sell to customers in their countries. About 8% go to sponsors, rights holders and others. The last 5% go to international federations, the International Olympic Committee and sellers of various travel packages.In the U.K., the public sale process has faced many complaints. The London organizing committee offered Britons a chance to buy Olympic tickets through a complicated multistage lottery and set up a resale program to allow for the authorized resale of unwanted tickets.The lottery yielded a torrent of complaints when many people complained about being completely shut out. Subsequent ticket releases were plagued by website problems. The resale program has pumped some unused tickets back into circulation, but it is lightly used.Yet for all the complaints, some tickets are still available for events throughout the Games, especially at the higher price points. On Friday, the Locog website offered tickets to men's gymnastics, beach volleyball and other events. And almost to the last minute, tickets were still available to Friday's openingceremony, though you would have needed an Olympian wallet to afford the £2,012 ($3,168) and £1,600 ducats that were still around.一年多以来,许多伦敦市民都曾抱怨奥运会比赛门票一票难求,尤其是游泳和体操等引人入胜的项目。
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2012年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation(英译汉)Part A Compulsory Translation(必译题)The runaway success of Stieg Larsson’s “Millennium” trilogy suggests that when it comes to contemporary literature in translation, Americans are at least willing to read Scandinavian detective fiction. But for work from other regions, in other genres, winning the interest of big publishing houses and readers in the United States remains a steep uphill struggle.Among foreign cultural institutes and publishers, the traditional American aversion to literature in translation is known as “the 3 percent problem.” But now, hoping to increas e their minuscule share of the American book market — about 3 percent — foreign governments and foundations, especially those on the margins of Europe, are taking matters into their own hands and plunging into the publishing fray in the United States.Increasingly, that campaign is no longer limited to widely spoken languages like French and German. From Romania to Catalonia to Iceland, cultural institutes and agencies are subsidizing publication of books in English, underwriting the training of translators, encouraging their writers to tour in the United States, submitting to American marketing andpromotional techniques they may have previously shunned and exploiting existing niches in the publishing industry.“We have established this as a strategic objec tive, a long-term commitment to break through the American market,” said Corina Suteu, who leads the New York branch of the European Union National Institutes for Culture and directs the Romanian Cultural Institute. “For nations in Europe, be they small or large, literature will always be one of the keys of their cultural existence, and we recognize that this is the only way we are going to be able to make that literature present in the United States.”For instance, the Dalkey Archive Press, a small publishing house in Champaign, Ill., that for more than 25 years has specialized in translated works, this year began a Slovenian Literature Series, underwritten by official groups in Slovenia, once part of Yugoslavia. The series’s first book, “Necropolis,” by Bo ris Pahor, is a powerful World War II concentration-camp memoir that has been compared to the best of Elie Wiesel and Primo Levi, and has been followed by Andrej Blatnik’s “You Do Understand,” a rather absurdist but still touching collection of sketches an d parables about love and intimacy.Dalkey has also begun or is about to begin similar series in Hebrew and Catalan, and with Switzerland and Mexico, the last of which will consist of four books yearly for six years. In each case a financing agency in the host country is subsidizing publication and participating in promotion and marketing in the United States, an effort that can easily require $10,000 or more a book.Part B Optional Translation(二选一题)Topic 2(选题二)Just east of Argentina’s Andean foothills, an oil field called the Vaca Muerta —“deadcow” in English — has finally come to life.In May, the Argentine oil company YPF announced that it had found 150 million barrels of oil in the Patagonian field, and President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner rushed onto national television to praise the discovery as something that could give new impetus to the country’s long-stagnant economy.“The importance of this discovery goes well beyond the volume,” said Sebastian Eskenazi, YPF’s chief executive, as he annou nced the find. “The important thing is it is something new: new energy, a new future, new expectations.”Although there are significant hurdles, geologists say that the Vaca Muerta is a harbinger of a possible major expansion of global petroleum supplies over the next two decades as the industry uses advanced techniques to extract oil from shale and other tightly packed rocks.Oil experts caution that geologists have only just begun to study shale fields in much of the world, and thus can only guess at their potential. Little seismic work has been completed, and core samples need to be retrieved from thousands of feet below the surface to judge how much oil or gas can be retrieved.Argentina certainly has high hopes for shale oil from the southern Patagonian province of Neuquen. The 150 million barrels of recoverable shale oil found in the Vaca Muerta represents an increase of 8 percent in Argentina’s reserves, and the find was the biggest discovery of oil in the country since the late 1980s.Oil experts say the Vaca Muerta is probably just a start for Argentina, long a middle-ranked oil producer. Mr. Lynch noted that YPF had explored only 100 square miles out of 5,000 square miles in the whole shale deposit, and other oil companies working in the area had not announced any discoveries yet.So far, nearly all of the oil exploration in the shale fields in Argentina and elsewhere has been pursued with traditional vertical wells. Plans are just beginning for horizontal drilling.Some experts caution that the fast advance of oil production from shale in the United States is no guarantee of similar successes abroad, at least not in the near future.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation(汉译英)Part A和平稳定是发展的前提和基础。