外文翻译--立式轴承座钻孔组合机床设计-精品

附录附录1英文原文Vertical bearing seat drill hole aggregate machine-tool designAuthor: Cnsaw article origin: Chinese sawing industry network1 minute working procedure, decides the location1.Production type analysisThis design vertica l bearing seat drill hole aggregate machine-tool, its processes the components apply in the automobile extremely widely, should belong to the mass production project, therefore in design time should note to makes the processing to be simple as far as possible, but does not affect the processing quality.2. Processing pla n formulationThe division working procedure needs to consider to the production scale, the processing precision, uses the engine bed the character istic, the static load situation and so on. The division working procedure ma y have two kind of trends: The working procedure centralism and the working procedure are dispersible. The working procedure centralism disperses has its strong point respectively, in genera l, by enhances the productivity in the mass production prima rily, must widely use the multi- knives, the single axle and multiple spind le is automa tic or thesemia utoma tic engine bed, multiple spind le pla ner-type milling machine, aggregate machine-tool and so on, therefore adopts the working procedure centralism to be possible to obtain the prominent effect.In this design bearing seat drill hole aggregate machine-tool very great degree causes various working procedures to concentrate as far as possible, the displa y aggregate machine-tool mer it, at the same time causes each kind of error to reduce to the threshold.Because in this design processes in the components 10 holes the partial holes are away from too near, is not advantageous for the processing, therefore separates is two locations completes, then carries on the components position transformation.Below the ma in location selects the pla n after the analysis: 1) loads and unloads, cla mps; 2) drills 7 holes f13.5; 3) drills 3 holes is f14, drills 2 threads bottom holes f14, Kong Haowei 8, 9; 4) drills crosswise hole f14; 5) expands articulation 7 holes f14.5; 6) attacks the silk.2 compound cutting tools cutting specificationses computation1.Cutting specifications character isticThe aggregate machine-tool norma l work and reasonably selects the cutting specifications, namely the determination reasonable cutting speed and the work enters to the quantity has thevery big relations. The cutting specifications elects the inappropriateness, can cause the aggregate machine-tool to reduce stops the loss, enhances the production efficiency, lengthens the cutting tool life, improves the processing quality.2.Leads a set of design13. Is processed 7 holes dia meters is 14.5, the processing hole dia meter with leads a set of length, leads the set of inside dia meter size, about the deviation as well as the hole spool thread idea l position displacement relations, like table 1 shows.4. May know 1 ~ 7 holes by table 1, as well as 8 ~ 10 holes and the bottom hole dia meters are 14.5 mm, it needs leads a set of length for (32 ~ 40) mm, the inside dia meter size deviation is+0.016 ~ +0.034, hole spool thread idea l disa lignment for (0.15 ~ 0.20) mm.5. Hole processing cutting specifications computationA Processes this casting HB=204 with the high-speed steel drill bit (to drill 1 ~ 7 holes, II location; Drills 8 ~ 10 holes, III location); Drill bit dia meter: 14.5mm; Cutting specifications: V=(10 ~ 18) m/Min, s=0.2mm/R, rotationa l speed 350r/Min.B. Drills crosswise hole f16 with the high-speed steel drill bit (IV location) to process thedia meter: 16mm; Cutting specifications v= (10 ~ 18) m/Min; S= (0.18 ~ 0.25) mm/R; Rotationa l speed 350r/Min.C. Expands with the hard alloy reamer reams 1 ~ 7 holes (V location) in V location, when expands the articulation 7 holes, uses expands the articulation compound cutting tool, enters for the quantity according to the reamer choice, the cutting speed according to the reamer choice, moreover enters for the quantity should select the permissible value according to the compound cutting tool most minor dia meter the upper limit, the cutting speed then selects the permissible value according to compound cutting tool most large dia meter the upper limit.Processing dia meter: 14.5mm; Cutting specifications: V= (8 ~ 10) m/Min, s=0.25mm/R, rotationa l speed 280r/Min; Reamer cutter bar and guida nce partial nomina l dia meter d+0.08; Reamer tolera nce: -0.036; Cutter bar guida nce partial tolera nces: -0.006 ~ -0.0017; Leads the set of inside dia meter tolera nce: +0.024 ~ 0.006.D.The hole processing during commonly used working procedure the rema inder drills out the dia meter is 10 ~ 20, in dia meter working procedure rema inder for (1.5 ~ 2.0) mm; Reams the dia meter is 10 ~ 20, in the dia meter working procedure quantity (above cutting specifications choice provides materia l for (0.10 ~ 0.20) mm by east wind car company equipment factory design department).3 parts select1. Power choice standardThe power part with by realizes the cutting tool to revolve and to enter or only uses in for the movement for the movement, this engine bed realized the cutting tool to revolve and to enter for the movement two contents.Each kind of specification power head all has the certain power scope, according to the cutting power which calculates and enters need of for the power, and the suitable enhancement cutting specifications possibility, selects the correspond ing specification the power head, the formula as follows:N moves > (N to cut +N to enter)/HkW.In the formula: N moves for the power head electrica l machiner y power; N cuts is the cutting power, selects the cutting specifications according to various cutting tools, center has extracted by"the aggregate machine-tool cutting force and the power formula"; N enters for enters for the power, is enters regarding the hydraulic pressure power head for the oil pumping station consumption power, genera lly for (0.8 ~ 2) kW; H is the transmission efficiency, when the headstock is short in 15, when h=0.7, is more tha n 15, h=0.65.2. Engine bed actual powerAbout this vertica l aggregate machine-tool divides two electrical machiner y to lead more tha n two axle-boxes to carry on the processing. Regarding the le ft half part of multi- axle-boxes cutting tool, when processes 1 ~ 7 holes as well as III location processes 10 holes its power sum total:N/KW=0.29×7+0.283=2.313Because the le ft headstock is short in 15 with the drill bit, thereforeH=0.7, N/KW=2.313/0.7=3.3Regarding the right half part of multi- axle-boxes cutting tool, expands the articulation 1 ~ 7 holes in V location as well as attacks the silk, the drill bit actual power:N/KW=0.1427×7=1.0Because the right headstock is short in 15 drill bits, thereforeH=0.7, N/KW=1÷0.7=1.433.Selects the electrical machiner yAs a result of this engine bed in the actuation aspect not specia l request, selects ordinary also is the most reliable Y series electrical machinery, it is the seal from fan Leng Shishu the cage three-phase asynchronous motor, substitutes for the J02 series the renewa l product.The le ft half branch needs the power is 3.3kW, looks up Y series three-phase asynchronous motor table, selects the Y123S24 model the electrical machinery, the rated power is 5.5kW, selects this model electrical machiner y quite to be appropriate.The right half branch needs the power is 1.43kW, looks up Y series three-phase asynchronous motor table, selects the Y112M26 model the electrical machinery, the rated power is 2.2kW, selects this model electrical machiner y quite to be appropriate.4 jigs designs1. Bearing seat drill hole aggregate machine-tool jig analysisA. According to the work piece different working condition, ma y differently have each kind to insta ll the method: A) adjusts the peaceful process; B) jig peaceful process.B.The basic loca lization principle analyzes here to discuss in 6 loca lizations, 6 degrees of freedom eliminations, in order to discovers the appropriate loca lization to cla mp the pla n. An object ma y have 6 independent movements in the space, namely along X, Y, the Z axis translationa l motion, respectively records is X1, Y1, Z1; Circles X, Y, the Z axis rotation, records is X2, Y2, Z2, in the custom, is called as the above 6 independence movement 6 degrees of freedom. If uses the certain restra int measure, eliminates the object 6 degrees of freedom, then the object is located completely. When for example discussion cuboid work piece, ma y arrange 3 not altogether lines in the bottom surface the obligator y points, arranges 2 obligator y points in the facade, arranges an obligator y point in the end surface, then the bottom surface obligator y point ma y limit X2, Y2, a Z23 degree of freedom, the facade obligator y point limits X1, a Z12 degree of freedom, the end surface obligator y point limits Y1 this degree of freedom, completely has limited the cuboid work piece 6 degrees of freedom.C. Clamps the strength "two essentia l factors", the direction and the action point cla mp the strength direction to be supposed to face locates the part, and causes to have cla mps the strength to be sma llest.The determination cla mps the point of force concurrence when the position should not destroy the loca lization. Clamps the point of force concurrence the position to be supposed to approach the processing spot as far as possible, by reduces the cutting force to circle cla mps the point of force concurrence the moment of force, prevented the work piece has the rotation or thevibration in the processing process. Should guara ntee cla mps the distor tion not to affect the processing precision. Clamps the point of force concurrence number to be supposed to cause the work piece in the entire contact face the stress even, the juxtaposition meta morphose is sma ll.2.The loca lization cla mps the plan the determination3.This components belong to the hollow circular casting, the genera l loca lization part has V shape block, locates the sleeve to make the semicircle loca lization, if selects V shape block loca lization, as well as circled X, the Y rotation of axis degree of freedom in the Z axis traverse already eliminates, carried on the processing when the drill bit, circled the Z axis rotation the degree of freedom to be unable to eliminate actually, therefore located with V shape block the plan wasinva lid. If the use semicircle loca lization, its result and with V shape block is same, all is unable to cause the work piece in to circle the Z axis in the direction to be stable, fina lly decides the use loca lization sleeve loca lization.Like chart 2 ring-like sleeves by H7/K6 or H7/The js6 excessively coordination loads the jig, after the components puts in the sleeve, in X, the Y direction degree of freedom elimination, at the same time uses the cla mp the method;Enable the cla mp using the ball head bolt tightly to suppress the work piece body.Like chart 3 shows, in under this cla mp function, along X rotation of axis X2, as well as and degree of freedom is all limited along Z rotation of axis Z2 along Z the axis direction Z1. Therefore in under this set of jig function, degree of freedom and so on X1, Y1, Z1, X1, Y1 is eliminated completely, but under cla mp pressure function, between components and cutting tool formidable friction force, as well as in the processing process midd le axle directive force mutual counterbala nce, is also eliminated in the Z degree of freedom. When carries on to IV location, when processing crosswise hole, X1, Y1, the Z1 degree of freedom was eliminated, X2, the Y2 direction degree of freedom was also eliminated, in Z2 direction, because the cla mp function caused the work piece also to eliminate at the Z2 direction degree of freedom.5 attacks the silk insta llmentAttacks the system thread when the aggregate machine-tool, according to is processed the components processing spot the distributed situation and the technologica l requirement and so on, commonly used attacks the silk method to have 3 kinds: Uses attacks the silk power taper tap silk, uses attacks the silk insta llment to attack the silk and to use the activity to attack the silk template to attack the silk.In this design, the right half part completes V, VI location processing. Electrica l machiner y only then 5.5kW power, therefore the synthesis considera tion selects attacks the silk insta llment to attack the silk. When puts in order the Taiwan engine bed or the engine bed some completely uses in completing at the same time attacks the silk working procedure, widely uses has attacked the silk insta llment.Attacks the silk insta llment by to attack the silk headstock and to attack the silk to depend on the die head to be composed, because the profile nut and the profile pole are after rubs truncates and matches grinds, its pitch request with must process the spiral hole the pitch to ma inta in the certain relations, and is equipped with the pitch error to compensate the organization. Therefore uses attacks the silk insta llment to carry on attacks the silk to be possible to achieve the high precision.6 aggregate machine-tools cooling systemThe engine bed refrigera nt besides gets up the cooling effect to the cutting tool and the work piece, but also can form the lubr ication thin film in the meta l surface, gets up to the lubr ication. In some refrigera nts includes the sodium carbonate, the sodium nitrite and so on guards against rust the med icina l preparation, they form the porodine adsorption membrane or the oxide compound thin film in the meta l surface, also can cause the meta l to exempt the function which corrodes. Thus time choice refriger ant, should complete the craft, the processing method, the cutting tool materia l as well as is processed the components according to the aggregate machine-tool themateria l to decide.Casts the iron stock when the processing, because cast irons itself includes the graphite to be able own lubr ication, all does not add the refrigera nt genera lly. In mass productions sometimes in order to reduce in the processing the powdered iron to fly upwards, also increases the cooling system, by improves the operating condition. Sometimes ma y use the soda water, 5% emulsion, its emulsifier principal constituent ma y be oxidizes the grease or the sulfurized oil. Its formula is: The grease 2% ~ 5%, the rough machining takes the low value, the precision work takes the high value;Sod ium nitrite 0.2% ~ 0.25%;Soda ash 0.2% ~ 0.3%. Attacks the silk when the cast iron work piece, then all uses the lubr icant, by enhances the super ficia l evenness, reduces the power the consumption. Usua lly uses the petroleum, also ma y use the curing cutting compound and the oil mixture and so on.The refrigera nt current capacity should according to the cutting tool form, the dia meter size, the processing method, the cutting specifications and so on the concrete condition determine that, the aggregate machine-tool design use exper ience indica ted, to boring cutter, drill bit as well as a milling cutter kind of cutting tool, each cutting tool refrigera nt mean discharge approxima tely for (2 ~ 6) L/Min. The overseas materia l recommendation according to the processing dia meter choice, the cutting tool refrigera nt current capacity, the value see ever y time Table 2.7 operating cycles expla nationA aggregate machine-tool, its operating cycle is quite complex frequently, not only has severa l power heads to carry on the work according to the different circulation, moreover these circulation also needs other parts, like moves the work table, coordina te movement and so on rotary table as well as drum wheel. Various powers part keeps off the iron with the aid of the procedure control, carries on the work according to the stipulation order. The operating cycle must as far as possible be simple moreover controls the part to be supposed to be few, otherwise the engine bed production cost enlarges, the security performa nce also can reduce.This aggregate machine-tool suits in the mass production uses, the production efficiency enhances greatly. In order to reduce the cost, should select the compound cutting tool, achieves a time of forming as far as possible, reduces the attire to cla mp the number of times. Chooses the appropriate electrical machiner y and the power head, chooses the appropriate cutting specifications and the cutting speed.附录2中文译文立式轴承座钻孔组合机床设计作者：Cnsaw1分工序、定工位1.生产类型分析此次设计的立式轴承座钻孔组合机床，其所加工的零件在汽车中应用十分广泛，应该属于大批量生产项目，所以在设计时应注意到尽量使加工简单，但又不影响加工质量。