高考英语 短文填词(选词填空)真题特色题型分类讲解
(考前添分指导)高考英语 短文填词指导(精讲精析)
定额市鞍钢阳光实验学校短文填词专项解读以来,高考英语(福建卷)第二卷第四部分“写作”的第一节为“短文填词”,共设10小题,每小题1分,满分10分,要求考生阅读一篇短文并根据汉语提示、首字母提示或语境提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词,并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上,所填单词要求意义准确、拼写正确。
一、再现真题,感悟考点。
(一) 请完成以下三篇短文填词。
(1) 2013(福建卷)短文填词Every individual is a member of a group called the community, and it is the duty of every citizen ask what he can do for his community.76.A good citizen (相信) that he should serve the77.community and not the community serve h . As students,78.there are many ways in you can serve the community.79.Above all, however, you have to acquire a certain amount ofskill and experience b you can be of service to others.80.Your school has lots of (活动) which prepare you81. good citizenship. Many school societies train students82.to become good citizens who later p in volunteer work83.and serve the public in t of need. If you serve your community,84.you will grow to be a good citizen with a strong sense of85.responsibility.(2) 2012(福建卷)短文填词People often don’t do what they really want to for fear offailure. You don’t apply for a job case you don’t get it.76.You don’t perform at the school concert b others might77.laugh at you. A lack of confidence can l to a lot of78.suffering. The key to o this problem is to believe in79.yourself. This might be (容易) said than done, but there80.are many w to help you do this. Talk about your problem81.with a friend or look advice on the Internet. Imagine 82.yourself being (成功) and practice breathing techniques 83.to keep you calm when you get nervous. And the important 84.thing is: believe you can do it. When you’ve (学会) to do 85.that, you are well on your way. (3) 2011(福建卷)短文填词Sport is necessary for everyone. It helps you keep fit. Fitness isi if you want to be healthy throughout your life. The best 76.way to keep fit is to get plenty exercise by doing sport. 77.According to (科学家), doing sport can benefit 78. people a lot mentally as well as physically. The sport 79.they do, the happier they will f . Besides, sport can help 80.people develop will and determination. These qualities help people achieve their goals b they will not give up so easily when 81.(面对) difficulties. What’s more, sport builds team spirit, 82.which is good for the whole society. It helps people work (密切) 83.and smoothly and think about , not just themselves. 84.In c , sport is good for your health and happiness, and 85. for society.(二) 请核对答案并将自己的答案与正确答案备注。
高考英语第二轮复习专题短文填词解读与专练
毛额市鹌鹑阳光实验学校2009高考英语第二轮复习专题高考英语新题型——“短文填词”解读与专练一、新题型说明根据高中新课程关于“试题应增加语境设置,适当增加主观题”的要求,在新题型设计时首先考虑增加语境设置的主观题。
1. 本题采用短文填词的形式,替换试卷中原短文改错题,设题思路、方法、要求如下:重点考查单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力;在考查词汇的同时也考查学生读与写的能力。
考生必须在理解短文内容的基础上,把握短文主旨大意,运用所学语言知识填空,使短文语篇完整。
2. 题目选材符合学生的书面表达水平,短文词数在130左右,共设10小题,第一行不设题,其余每行挖空一处设一题;考查以实词为主,兼顾其他词性。
3. 每个空格根据提示用一个单词的适当形式填空,提示的方式有:汉语提示、首字母提示、语境提示,其中汉语提示、首字母提示各3~4个,语境提示2~4个。
4. 设题尽可能做到答案的唯一性。
如果出现与答案不同,但符合题目要求的答案也可以接受,具体由阅卷点裁定。
每个空格只能填入一个答案,超过一个的,该小题以零分计。
题例:短文填词(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,根据以下要求:1)汉语提示;2)首字母提示;3)语境提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词,并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。
所填单词要求意义准确、拼写正确。
Last week, we talked about different kinds of short stories. Many of you said you liked the _______(的) writer Earnest76. ofHemingway, who is w known for short stories. I hope you77. wellall f my advice and finished reading his story. W e’re going78. followedto study it together in today’s lesson. Now since you79. aresupposed to have read this story, let’s have some (讨论).80. discussionPlease look at the three q______ on the blackboard. First, when81. questionand where does the story __ place? Second, what kind of82. takeperson does he show __ (自己) to be? Third, what is the83. himselfwriter’s main purpose of __ (写) the story? I’d like you to84. writingwork ______ pairs and present your answers in ten minutes. I hope85. in_______you can perform well enough.该题考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语语法、词汇及正确拼写单词的能力。
高考英语选词填空题解题技巧点拨
一、词性分类。
在单词旁边按名词、动词、形容词、副词标出 词性。这样学生在面对某一个空格时,只要根 据上下文的语法结构或逻辑关系不再是从10个 词中去选1个答案了,可以是4选1甚至2选1, 从而缩小了选择的范围,提高做题的准确率。 我们以09年上海卷选词填空题为例将选项按词 性分类:
2. 如何确定空格为动词。
(1)空格前面已经有主语,后面又有宾语, 空格处应填及物动词。
Realizing that the concept appears to be a real money-maker, Mr. Gignac has __47__ a company and is employing his girlfriend as vice president. He __48__ to discuss his profit margins: “It’s actually quite a lot of effort putting them together—but yes, garbage is free.” (09上海卷)
分类时要注意两点:
1. 有的单词不只有一个词性,如influence, heat, concern等。08年上海卷选词填空题中的 set 既有名词词性又有动词词性。这时两个都 要标出来。
2. 以-ing或-ed 结尾的词既可能是动词,也可能 是由现在分词或过去分词转变而成的形容词。 例如: sleeping在She is sleeping.中是动词,而 在a sleeping car中是形容词。
高三英语高考热点题型短文填词解题思路
现吨市安达阳光实验学校高考英语热点:题型“短文填词”解题思路一、题型说明1. 形式:替换试卷短文改错题,考查单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力;在考查词汇的同时也考查学生读与写的能力。
考生必须在理解短文内容的基础上,把握短文主旨大意,运用所学语言知识填空,使短文语篇完整。
2. 选材:符合学生的书面表达水平,短文词数在130左右,共设10小题,第一行不设题,其余每行挖空一处设一题;考查以实词为主,兼顾其他词性。
3. 提示方式:有首字母提示、汉语提示、语境提示,其中首字母提示、汉语提示各3~4个,语境提示2~3个。
每个空格根据提示用一个单词的适当形式填空。
4. 答案的唯一性。
如果出现与答案不同,但符合题目要求的答案也可以接受,具体由阅卷点裁。
每个空格只能填入一个答案,超过一个的,该小题以零分计。
短文填词共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分二、短文填词题八大考点1、名词:可数、不可数,可数名词的单复数形式;特别容易忽略名词的单复数,知道了名词的单复数,有时特别容易拼错,尤其是一些可数名词单复数的特殊变化,以及动名词之间的转换;如:leaf—leave; medium—media; advise—advice, practise—practice; succeed—success;2、动词:时态、语态、非谓语及动词形式的不规则变化;broadcast(broadcast, broadcast)广播 equip(equipped, equipping)装备注意:quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写(英国英语)也可不双写(英语)3、形容词、副词:形容词与副词的区别(也可能考比较级及最);Simple—simply, fish—fisherman,possible—possibly 可能的, practical—practically 实际的4、数词:主要考序数词。
容易拼错的序数词,如:1. twenty—twentieth,2. ninth第九3. forty4. twelfth第十二5、常见短语的掌握Call on号召,拜访(后接sb)/call in召集/ call at拜访某地; in good health; focus on关注/ concentrate on 集中注意力6、常见从句的掌握,语从句与宾语从句的区别7、同义词的辨析Cloth布料/clothes衣服/clothing衣服总称, celebrate庆祝/ congratulate祝贺, hungry饿/starve饥饿, disturb打搅/bother打扰8、形近易混词的区分quality质量/ quantity数量, similar相似的/familiar熟悉的,adapt适,改编/ adopt收养,采纳三、普遍存在的二大问题首先:单词拼写问题,很多可能知道要填的单词,但拼写往往出错;其次:如何确所填词的词性,有些空确实特别需要注意的是细节的把握:如名词的单复数,动词形式的变化以及词性之间的变换。
【英语】高考英语语法填空试题类型及其解题技巧含解析
【英语】高考英语语法填空试题类型及其解题技巧含解析一、语法填空1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since 1949 when the People's Republic of China ________(establish), and especially since 1978, China's transformation from a traditional ________(agriculture)society to a modern industrial society has been greatly accelarated by a rapid industrial restructuring. China's industrial structure developed according to the objective of industrialization, ________ aimed at the proportion(比例)of agriculture declining ceaselessly, and the proportion of the industrial and service sector increasing continually. ________(current), the industrial goods produced in China all range from capital goods to consumption goods.China's factory outputs extend from textiles (纺织业) to railway, planes and computers. China is the largest producer of inexpensive cotton textiles in the world and exports large ________(quantity) of textiles and clothes. Food processing is very important, and much farm produce is exported. Other industrial products ________(include)television sets, bicycles, cars, trucks and washing machines are expanding in the world.China has become ________ industrialized country to some extent. The auto and the housing industry, in the process of industrialization have developed by leaps and bounds. The most important export products are machinery and electric equipment,________ the most important import products are raw materials. In recent years, China's industry________(compete) internationally, and as a result, the ________(develop)of the country's industry is increasingly influenced by international economic environments.【答案】was established;agricultural;which;Currently;quantities;including;an;while/and;has competed has been competing;development【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,自1978年以来,中国从传统农业社会向现代工业社会的转型,在产业结构调整的快速推进下,取得了长足的进步。
近三年高考英语全国卷II短文填空题考点对比分析
近三年高考英语全国卷II短文填空题考点对比分析摘要:短文填空题重在考查考生通过语境运用语法和词汇知识的能力。
通过对全国卷II高考英语短文填空题的命题特点以及具体考点进行对比分析,总结了近三年短文填空题的考查热点及需要关注的问题,为考生的备考指明了方向。
关键词:高考英语短文填空考点分析短文填空题在高考英语试题中属于第三部分——语言知识运用,主要考查考生对于语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。
此题共10个小题,每小题1.5分,在高考英语150分的试题中占十分之一。
此题突出考查了考生通过语境运用语法和词汇知识的能力,更能客观、准确地考量考生的英语语言知识水平。
因此,要想此题有好的发挥,学好语法,掌握必备词汇知识,注重运用必不可少,这是基础;了解考点,掌握解题技巧,研究考题,把握出题方向,才是确保得分的关键。
一、高考英语短文填空题命题特点高考英语短文填空题就是在一篇200词左右的英语短文中留出10个空白,部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式,要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式。
1.短文特点从近三年的考题看,高考英语短文填空题短文材料有以下特点:(1)短文体裁:记叙文居多,也会考到说明文或议论文。
(2)短文题材:题材多样,或体现文化内涵、文化交流,或给人以思考启迪。
(3)短文长度:200词左右。
一般为11到13句话,设10个空,首句句首不设空。
(4)短文难度:中等难度。
没有超出课标的生词,但会出现课标单词的派生词(如2020年的significance,renewal等词)。
2. 命题形式就命题形式而言,主要分为纯空格题和给词填空题两类。
一般而言,纯空格题为3到4个,近三年均为3个;给词填空题为6到7个,近三年均为7个。
3. 答案特点纯空格题:试题题目要求中已经明文规定“在空白处填入1个适当的单词”,即一个题或者一个空格只能填写1个单词。
一般来说,要求填的词都是一些拼写简单的单词。
高考英语题型专题课:短文填空解题攻略课件
短文填空题型及解答策略
二.考法及应对策略 (一)有提示词类 1.提示词是动词 动词的变化是语法填空题考查的重点之一。提示词为动词时可能考查谓语 动词、非谓语动词或名词等。 a.考查谓语动词时需考虑时态、语态、主谓一致等。如: Steam engines ________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been ... 解析:此处描述的是1863年伦敦地铁的情况,主语Steam engines是复数, 且是谓语动词use所表示动作的承受者,故填were used。
... the ring ... was spread over the garden, ________ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. 解析:设空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词garden,且在从句中作地点状语,故填 where。
短文填空题型及解答策略
二.考法及应对策略 (二)无提示词类 1.考查冠词 主要考查冠词的基本用法及短语中的冠词。如:
The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed, ________ other is with mum — she never suspects. 解析:短语one ... the other ...意为“一个……另一个……”,符合题意,故填the。
短文填空题型及解答策略
二.考法及应对策略 (一)有提示词类 4.提示词是名词:此时可能考查名词的数或形容词。 a. 名词的数通常需要根据主语、谓语、定语等来判断。如:
高中英语考试短文填空解题方法和技巧
高中英语考试短文填空解题方法和技巧一、已给单词提示题型解题方法此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。
单词形式变化主要有两种:词的形、数、式的变化;词的派生变化。
在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题,看是否需要使用复合的变化形式,这一点是很重要的。
技巧一:名词形式变化。
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例1:There are many students living at school,the _______(child) houses are all far from school.由 students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数,且作为 houses的定语,所以应用其所有格形式,故答案为child 的复合变化形式——复数的所有格 children 。
’s技巧二:动词形式变化。
动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气),有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词 )。
例 2 : A talk ________(give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.句中的 is 是整句的谓语,所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。
从 tomorrow 可以看出,报告是“将来”作的,故用不定式;且报告是 give 动作的承受者,故可以判断出横线所在处用 give 的不定式被动式—— to be given。
技巧三:代词形式变化。
代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类,即人称代词(主格和宾格 )、物主代词 (形容词性和名词性 )、反身代词。
另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化,如no one /n one、other/another等。
例3:The king decided to see the painter by _____(he).由介词 by 可以看出,横线处应填反身代词 himself。
技巧四:形容词、副词比较级变化。
高中英语短文填词讲解与练习
It is reported that the housing 5. 1)____ price will rise in the next few months. As is reported, the housing price 2)_____ will rise in the next few months. What is obvious is that she has failed 3)._______ the maths exam. A.It B.That C.As D.What
六、数词和星期、月份 易拼写错误的数词,重点是序数词。 ___________________________________ 月份或星期首字母大写。 ___________________________________ ①The twelfth (第十二)man in a football team will play if one of the other players is ill. ②I'll go and see you next Saturday (星期六). ③ January (一月)is the first month of the year. 同时还应注意反身代词的拼写
三、形容词,副词 莫混淆
1. Unfortunately U_____________, we were caught in a terrible storm on our way back home. 2. He is such an outstanding ___________(杰出的) student as everyone admires.
解题方法:
①看修饰语: one of the ; a/an; the; many; this; no… ②看主谓语的一致性 ③可数名词前无单数修饰语时要用复数
高中英语 高考选词填空专项讲解及巩固练习(有答案)
选词填空本节内容(一)考情分析1.近6年高考选词文章分析✧10年后选词填空题文体以说明文为主✧题材内容以科普文为主,但内容各不相同,覆盖人文、健康、科技、气候、概念等方方面面。
2.近6年高考选词词汇分析2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年✧主要考察实词,为名词,动词,形容词,副词;✧动词是考察重点,尤其是动词的分词变形为主;所以动词时语态与非谓语是高中语法学习的重点。
✧名词与形容词为次重点,每年都有考察;对于名词与形容词在句中所起作用与相互修饰须要学生熟练掌握。
✧副词用于调整题目的难易度与词汇的考察。
它在句中的位置灵活,功能强大,一般是学生学习的难点与弱点。
3.近6年高考选词高频词汇分布考纲词汇积累与运用是选词填空的考察重点,也是学生英语学习的大难点。
从上表中不难看出首字母a-,c-.p-, re-, i-高频词汇考察多,且多为长难词。
P-开头以pl-,pro-,pre-为重难点,也是学生容易混淆的词汇点。
首字母m-, f-, t-,d-,s- 高频词次之(二)解题步骤第一步,判断方框内单词词性。
有多个词性的都标出来,不确定词性的先不标。
doing和done可以不标。
第二步,略读抓中心。
略读文章,细读文章首句,快速掌握文章的主题词与了解文章大致内容。
第三步,填词入空。
分为三小步:1、确认空处可填词性,2、同性词筛选,3、按逻辑关系代入确认答案。
(三)空格词性判断(1)如果空格前面为冠词a /an/the、形容词或者及物动词,空格处应填入名词;They prefer to live according to the 48 observers of their 17th century European ancestors.The officials realized that the students had already established digital__41. identities _ _ by the time they entered college…The Verizon-Google proposal offers 50 suggestions for a debate that is not likely to end soon.(2)如果空格前面是介词,空格充当该介词的宾语,需填入一个名词。
高中选词填空练习题及讲解英语
高中选词填空练习题及讲解英语阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In ancient China, there was a wise man named Confucius. He was a great teacher and philosopher. Confucius believed that education should be available to everyone, not just the rich and powerful. He thought that everyone had the potential to learn and improve themselves.One day, Confucius was walking through a village when he saw a group of children playing. He noticed that one child was standing alone, looking sad. Confucius approached the child and asked, "Why are you not playing with the others?" The child replied, "I don't have any toys to play with."Confucius felt sorry for the child and decided to teach him a lesson about the value of friendship. He said, "Let me tell you a story. Once upon a time, there were two friends who were very close. They shared everything and helped each other in times of need. One day, one of the friends fell into a river and was in danger. The other friend did not hesitate to jump into the river to save him, even though he could not swim."The child listened carefully to the story and asked, "What does this story teach us?" Confucius smiled and said, "It teaches us that friendship is more valuable than any material thing. True friends are always there for you, even when youhave nothing."The child's eyes lit up with understanding. From that day on, he started to play with the other children and made many friends. He learned that the most important thing in life is not what you have, but who you have around you.选项A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. BecauseD. AlthoughE. SinceF. UnlessG. BesidesH. If答案解析1. 空白处前的句子是"Confucius felt sorry for the child",空白处后的句子是"he decided to teach him a lesson"。
高考英语语法填空题型分析及解题技巧
语法填空题型分析及解题技巧从上表可看出,短文材料有以下特点:(1)短文体裁:近三年都是记叙文。
建议:备考练习不局限于此,应各种体裁的文章都要练习。
(2)短文题材:生活经历或成语故事,其内容或体现文化内涵,或给人心灵以启迪等。
(3)短文难度:没有超出课标的生词,但有课标单词的派生词。
(4)短文长度:170—200词。
二.考点设置3—4个小题。
近三年高考情况如下表所示:特别说明:各类从句的“引导词”,如引导名词性从句的连接代词、连接副词、连词(whether, if, that),引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词,引导状语从句的从属连词,以及连接并列句的并列连词,在本文中都被列为“连接词”。
(从功能上讲,都有连接句子与句子的作用;从这类试题的解题方法上看,判断的方式也是相同的。
)就语法填空的复习重点和应关注的冷点,归纳提示如下:(1)近三年来,“纯空格题”只考了冠词、介词、代词和连接词等四类词;“用括号中所给词的适当形式填空”考了谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。
(2)介词、连接词、动词每年都有两道小题,由此可见,这是考查的重点,也是复习训练的重点。
(3)冠词:在三年中有两年都是考查不定冠词的最基本的用法,表示“一个(次/本/座/……)”,但也要关注不定冠词的其他用法,同时注意定冠词的基本用法。
(4)代词:三年来主要考查了在句中作宾语的人称代词宾语、只能在名词前作定语的形容词性物主代词、it的用法和不定代词。
也不要忽视反身代词和疑问代词。
(5)连接词:三年来考查了引导宾语从句的连接代词who、引导同位语从句的that、引导定语从句的关系副词where、表示转折的并列连词but,这些仍是复习的重点;备考中,也要训练主语从句、表语从句、状语从句的连接词。
(6)动词:时态重点考查了一般过去时和一般现在时,也要留意一般将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时等各种时态。
语态只考查了一般过去时的被动语态,一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态值得重视。
高考英语短文填词解题指导
高考英语短文填词解题指导短文填词在福建省新高考中是新题型,属于主观题部分。
短文填词重点考查单词拼写、语篇理解和语言表达能力。
选材符合考生的书面表达水平,短文词数在130左右,共设10小题,第一行不设题,其余每行挖空一处设一题;考查以实词为主,兼顾其他词类。
每个空格根据提示用一个单词的适当形式填空,提示的方式有:汉语提示、首字母提示和语境提示。
考生必须在理解短文内容的基础上,把握短文主旨大意,根据上下文的语境和提示运用所学的语言知识进行填空,使短文语篇完整。
这就要求考生熟练掌握高考要求的词汇,不仅要有扎实的单词拼写能力,还要有较强的语篇理解能力和写作能力。
一、命题原则:总体:1. 符合学生认知水平2. 贴近学生生活实践3. 重视词汇运用考查4. 突出语篇表达能力具体:1.以考查常见词汇为主2.以考查实词为主 (动词、名词、形容词、副词等)近两年福建省高考短文填词考点分布3.体现语境作用(语境目标明确)4.体现知识运用(正确使用词汇)二、命题特点:题材贴近考生生活,是考生所熟悉的话题。
(如09福建高考的题材是“有关学生如何写好作文的建议”。
)考查考生的词汇掌握情况、语言基础知识和语篇理解能力(对语篇主旨大意的理解能力和上下文结构的分析能力,重视语篇的衔接和上下文的关联。
)三、备考策略:短文填词考查考生的单词单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解和语言表达能力。
因此应注意以下几点:1.熟练掌握基本词汇掌握考试说明中表一的不带*号的和表二中带●号的词汇。
特别应该注意常用的、复现率较高的单词。
同时应注意单词在行文中的词性和词形的变化,与上下文的结构保持一致。
教师应引导学生构建词汇网络系统,灵活多样地复习词汇。
A. 利用构词法巧记单词:合成法:(Compounding 由两个或更多的词合成一个词)派生法:(Derivation: 由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词)转化法:(Conversion:由一种词性转化为另一种词性)B. 利用联想法进行记忆和复习(如:近义词或词组的联想和反义词或词组联想等。
福建英语新题型--短文填词样例分析
英语新题型--短文填词样例分析高考英语改革主要的着力点在什么地方呢?第一,通过题式增减改进测试公平。
第二,通过题型配置改造试卷功能。
第三,通过赋分调配改善试题环境。
第四,通过题区整容改革难度分布。
目前,高考英语地方卷种的改革皆集中在这四个方面,而尤以通过题型配置改造试卷功能一举为最。
地方卷种主要的手段就是采取“去短文改错”。
然而用什么题型来代替短文改错呢?考查分省命题以来的各命题单位的实践,笔者认为主要有三种类型。
一是用词汇填空类来代替(侧重词汇的辨正能力的考查。
例如湖南,江苏,江西等);二是用句子写作类来代替(侧重浅层次句子写作技能的考查。
例如上海,山东);三是用短文写作类来代替(侧重较高层次文段写作技能的考查,例如北京,广东)。
而湖北的完成句子则有些介于词汇和句子写作技能之间的考查,有其独特性。
福建自2004年起就获得了高考英语自主命题权。
但五年来一直作为高考英语全国卷I 模式考区,即该卷试卷结构形式采用全国卷I模式。
今年,分省命题已经进入第六个年头了,很多一直没有改革动向的省份也开始有些动静了,福建就是其中之一。
福建卷准备在2009年采用“短文填词”来代替短文改错。
短文填词显然属于词汇填空类,侧重词汇辨正能力的考查。
笔者仔细研究新出台的《2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试福建省英语考试说明》及所提供的样题,特提出个人一些思考,希望对福建卷高考英语试题的命制有所助益。
请参看样题:第一节短文填词(共10题小题,每小题1分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,根据以下提示:1)汉语提示;2)首字母提示;3)语境提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词,并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。
所填单词要求意义准确,拼写正确。
所选题材属于贴近学生日常生活,且符合中学生认知水平的话题文章,体裁则可以记叙文或说明文为主,亦可选择浅易的议论文。
词数控制在130词左右。
一、对试题指导语的看法1.试题指导语的概念交叉、含糊。
最新高中英语考试短文填空解题方法和技巧
高中英语考试短文填空解题方法和技巧一、已给单词提示题型解题方法此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。
单词形式变化主要有两种:词的形、数、式的变化;词的派生变化。
在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题,看是否需要使用复合的变化形式,这一点是很重要的。
技巧一:名词形式变化。
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例1:There are many students living at school,the _______(child) houses are all far from school.由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数,且作为houses的定语,所以应用其所有格形式,故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children’s。
技巧二:动词形式变化。
动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气),有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。
例2:A talk ________(give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.句中的is是整句的谓语,所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。
从tomorrow可以看出,报告是“将来”作的,故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者,故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given。
技巧三:代词形式变化。
代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类,即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。
另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化,如no one /none、other/another等。
例3:The king decided to see the painter by _____(he).由介词by可以看出,横线处应填反身代词himself。
技巧四:形容词、副词比较级变化。
英语中大部分形容词和表示方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。
高考英语选词填空题解题技巧点拨
On the evening of July 24, 2021
Courseware template
n 二、精读第一句,预测主题。
n 首先要抓住文章首句,第一句话往往是文章的 主题句,或是含有主题词的句子,提供必要的 理解文章大意和主要内容的线索。所以,学生 可以根据第一句话来把握文章或者段落的中心 思想,最大限度地获取信息。
On the evening of July 24, 2021
Courseware template
n (2)空格前面有主语但后面没有宾语,空格处 应填不及物动词。
n 例如: A few weeks ago, the National Park Service (NPS) __42__ Douglass’s birth and Black History Month . (08卷)
n 解析:空格前the National Park Service (NPS) 在句中充当主语,缺少谓语。备选词有honoured (对……表示敬意),set (放置), granted (同意给予)。本句意为:几周以前,NPS重新 开放他在CedarHill的故居,以纪念Douglass的诞 生和黑人历史。因此,只有honoured符合句意。
Courseware template
(英语)高三英语语法填空试题类型及其解题技巧及解析
(英语)高三英语语法填空试题类型及其解题技巧及解析一、语法填空1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空During the past ten years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been gaining ________ (popular) across the world. This style of health care has spread to 183 countries. Up to now, approximately 100 international agreements ________ (sign) with Chinese government on TCM cooperation. One of the reasons for such a growing trend is probably due to the increase of ________ (science) research into TCM. Since Tu Youyou, a Chinese scientist was awarded Nobel Prize for her discovery of the drug qinghaosu, TCM has become even more________(globe) famous. While quite a few ________ (explain) have been given to support TCM theories, it is still faced with the challenge in ________ (prove) to the public that it has certain effects when used in medical treatment. That's to say, it is significant in ________ long run for TCM to team up with Western medicine. Scientists hold the belief ________ using the collective knowledge, rather than regarding the two approaches ________ being in competition is where the potential for its enormous effects ________(lie) in.【答案】popularity;have been signed;scientific;globally;explanations;proving;the;that;as;lies【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中药在国外逐渐受欢迎的原因,以及现在所面临的问题。
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一、(2013上海卷)Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.As infants, we can recognize our mot hers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the 41 of our mother ’s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It ’s 42 how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don ’t learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to 43 such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain and processes44 for facial recognition.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in 45 a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from 46 in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been 47 thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but 48 involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person ’s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex 49 is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.该说明文由话题“人类几乎天生就能够辨认人脸”展开去,详细阐述了人类大脑是如何一步步进行人脸识别的。
41.【答案】 【J 】compositionA. restoreB. recallC. processingD. previouslyE. necessaryF. locatingG. insteadH. fascinatingI. elsewhereJ.【解析】名词,意为“结构,组成”,这里表示“认出母亲的脸部构成”。
42.【答案】【H】fascinating【解析】形容词,意为“有趣的,迷人的”,此处为句型“It’s fascinating/interesting/excitingthat/how…”,表示……是如此的有趣。
43.【答案】【B】recall【解析】动词,意为“回忆,回想”,此处根据常用搭配find it difficult to do sth得出应选择动词,recall such a simple thing as a phone number表示“回想出简单的电话号码”。
44.【答案】【E】necessary【解析】形容词,“必要的”,此处necessary for facial recognition作后置定语修饰the specific areas,表示“识别人脸必要的区域”。
45.【答案】【F】locate【解析】动词,“定位”。
此处有搭配succeed in sth/doing sth,故要选择动名词形式。
这里意为“成功定位到一个脑部具体区域FFA”。
46.【答案】【I】elsewhere【解析】副词,“其他地方”。
由上文推断出既然人脸识别是一个专门的区域进行处理,那么此处“对其它物体的识别”自然是大脑中“其它地方”了。
47.【答案】【D】previously【解析】副词,“先前的”。
根据上文推断得出人脸识别需要看到整张脸,因此此处的想法“我们只需要看一些脸部特征”是“先前的”。
48.【答案】【G】instead【解析】副词,“代替,而不是”。
此处根据两句话的意思推断出是转折替代关系,因此选instead。
49.【答案】【C】processing【解析】名词,“处理,进程”。
根据语法推断出此处填名词,由上下文意思得出用p rocessing,表示“这一复杂的处理过程在瞬间完成”。
二、(2013福建卷)第一节短文填词(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)Every individual is a member of a group called the community, and itis the duty of every citizen _____ ask what he can do for his community.76. _____A good citizen _____(相信) that he should serve the community 77._____and not the community serve h_____. As students, there are many ways 78._____in _____ you can serve the community. Above all, however, you have to79. _____acquire a certain amount of skill and experience b_____ you can be of80. _____service to others. Your school has lots of_____(活动) whi ch prepare81. _____you ____ good citizenship. Many school societies train students to82. _____become good citizens who later p____ in volunteer work and serve the83. _____public in t____ of need. If you serve your community, you will grow84. _________ to be a good citizen with a strong sense of responsibility.85. _____文章讲述了关于自愿行动、报答社会的话题。
76.【答案】to【解析】考查句型It is …to do sth,it为形式主语,不定式为真正的主语,故填to。
77.【答案】believes【解析】考查主谓一致:主语为a good citizen谓语为单数,故填believes。
78.【答案】him【解析】句意:他应该服务社区,不是社区服务于他。
用he的人称代词宾格him。
79.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。
先行词为ways,定语从句关系词可用in which。
80.【答案】before【解析】考查连词。
在你服务他人之前要学会一些技能和经验。
81.【答案】activities【解析】考查名词复数。
82.【答案】for【解析】考查词组:prepare sb for sth83.【答案】participate【解析】考查短语:participate in84.【答案】time【解析】考查短语:in time of need在需要的时候85.【答案】up【解析】考查短语:grow up三、(2013广东卷)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16~25的相应位置上。
One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he16 (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 17 too little.”His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less,18 not save a bit of money?”“That would b e a very 19 (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.Nick’s guests, 20 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt 21 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thing couldn’t 23 (possible) de stroy a village.”“In the beginning, there was only 24 very small amount of unfairness in the world,but everyone added a little, always 25 (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”本文通过Nick叫儿子去买盐要给合理价格的故事说明,一定要公平对待他人,尊重努力工作的人的汗水和努力。