路面工程英汉对照
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
空间平均速度space mean speed在给定的时间内，在某一路段上所有车辆单位时间行驶距离的平均值。
经济车速economic speed汽车行驶中消耗燃料最节省的速度。
自由车速free-flow speed不受其它车辆影响的条件下，驾驶人员按自己的能力所及选择的行驶速度。
交通量traffic volume在单位时间内通过道路某一断面的通行单元(车辆或行人)数。
通常专指车辆数。
年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic全年的日交通量观测结果的平均值。
月平均日交通量monthly average daily traffic全月的日交通量观测结果的平均值。
位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annual hourly volume将一年内所有小时交通量，按从大到小的顺序排列，位的小时交通量。
年最大小时交通量maximumannualhourlyvolume一年内所有小时交通量中的最大值。
高峰小时交通量peak hourly volume一定时间内(通常指一日或上午、下午)出现的最大小时交通量。
设计小时交通量design hourly volume根据交通量预测所选定的作为道路设计依据的小时交通量。
通行能力traffic capacity在一定的道路和交通条件下，道路上某一路段单位时间内通过某一断面的最大车辆数。
基本通行能力basic trsffic capacity在理想的道路和交通条件下，一个车道或一条道路某一路段的通行能力。
可能通行能力possible traffic capacity在现实的道路和交通条件下，一个车道或一条道路某一路段的通行能力。
设计通行能力design traffic capacity道路交通的运行状态保持在某一设计的服务水平时，道路上某一路段的通行能力。
道路服务水平level of service主要以道路上的运行速度和交通量与可能通行能力之比综合反映道路的服务质量。
6工路工程专业词汇中英术语对照
公路工程名词术语英汉对照公路highway道路road公路工程highway engineering公路网highway network公路网密度highway density公路等级highway classification公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway 公路用地highway right--of--way高速公路freeway等级公路classified highway辅道relief road干线公路arterial highway支线公路feeder highway专用公路accommodate highway国家干线公路（国道）national trunk highway.省级干线公路（省道）provincial trunk highway县公路（县道）county road乡公路（乡道）township road辐射式公路radial highway环形公路ring highway绕行公路bypass交通结构traffic structure交通组成traffic composition混合交通mixed traffic交通流traffic flow交通流理论traffic flow theory车流vehicle stream交通密度traffic density车头间距space headway车头时距time headway车间净距vehicular gap延误delay地点速度spot speed行驶速度running speed运行速度operating speed临界速度critical speed平均速度average speed计算行车速度(设计车速)design speed交通量traffic volume年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic 月平均日交通量monthly average daily traffic 年第30位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annual hourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum annual hourly 设计小时交通量design hourly volume通行能力traffic capacity基本通行能力basic traffic capacity可能通行能力possible traffic capacity设计通行能力design traffic capacity道路服务水平level of service公路交通规划traffic planning交通调查traffic survey交通量调查traffic volume survey交通量观测站traffic volume observation station起迄点调查(OD调查)origin-destination study出行trip境内交通local traffic过境交通through traffic交通发生traffic generation交通分布traffic distribution交通分配traffic assignment交通预测traffic prognosis行车道carriageway分离式行车道divided carriageway车道lane变速车道speed-change lane加速车道acceleration lane减速车道deceleration lane爬坡车道climbing lane停车道parking lane错车道turn-out lane自行车道cycle path路侧人行道sidewalk分隔带lane separator中央分隔带median divider中间带central strip路肩shoulder;verge路缘带marginal strip路缘石kerb;curb侧向余宽lateral clearance路拱camber;crown路拱横坡crown slope公路建筑限界clearance of highway公路路线highway route公路线形highway alignment平面线形horizontal alignment纵面线形vertical alignment线形要素alignment elements平曲线horizontal curve极限最小平曲线半径limited minimum radius of horizontal curve复曲线compound curve反向曲线reverse curve断背曲线broken-back curve回头曲线switch-back curve缓和曲线transition curve竖曲线vertical curve弯道加宽curve widening加宽缓和段transition zone of curve超高superelevation超高缓和段superelevation runoff纵坡longitudinal gradient透水路堤permeable embankment过水路面ford填方fill挖方cut借土borrow earth弃土waste t取土坑borrow pit弃土堆waste bank回填土back--filling黄土loess软土soft soil淤泥mud泥沼moor泥炭peat盐渍土salty soil膨胀上expansive soil冻土frozen soil多年冻土permafrost流砂quicksand软弱地基soft ground强夺法dynamic consolidation预压法preloading method反压护道loading berm砂井sand drain路基砂垫层sand mat of subgrade 压实compaction压实度degree of compaction（标准）最大干容重maximum dry unit weight相对密实度relative density毛细水capi11ary water土石方爆破blasting procedure抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock爆破漏斗blasting crater松动爆破blasting for loosening rock爆破作用圈acting circ les of blasting路面pavement弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayer theory （回弹）弯沉deflection加州承载比（CBR ）California bearing ratio, CBR)路面宽度width of pavement路槽road trough刚性路面rigid pavement柔性路面flexible pavement路面结构层pavement structure layer面层surface course磨耗层wearing course联结层binder course基层base course垫层bed course隔水层aquitard隔温层thermal insulating course封层sea1 coat透层prime coat保护层protection course补强层streng thening layer高级路面high type pavement次高级路面sub--high type pavement中级路面intermediate type pavement低级路面low type pavement水泥混凝土路面cement concrete pavement 沥青路面bituminous pavement沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete pavement沥青碎石路面bituminous macadam pavement沥青贯入碎（砾）石路面bituminous penetration pavement沥青表面处治bituminous surface treatment 块料路面block pavement石块路面stone block pavement泥结碎石路面clay--bound macadam pavement水结碎石路面water--bound macadam pavement级配路面graded aggregate pavement稳定土基层stabilized soil base course工业废渣基层industrial waste base course 块石基层Telford base层铺法spreading in layers拌和法mixing method厂拌法plant mixing method路拌法road mixing method热拌泼hot mixing method冷拌法cold mixing method热铺法hot laid method冷铺法cold laid method贯入法penetration method铺砌法pitching method缩缝contraction joint胀缝expansion joint真缝true joint假缝dummy joint横缝transverse Jo1nt。
道路工程专业术语
道路工程专业术语way，road——路，道路street ——街道road，high way ——道路，公路road with limited access——控制出入道路motorway，freeway，superhighway(USA)，expressway ——高速公路，汽车（专用）路road network——道路网by-pass ——过境公路cross-town link——穿城公路ring road ——环路pedestrian underpass——人行地道single carriageway——单幅公路road with 2，3，4 lanes——2，3或4车道公路road with 2，3，4 separate carrageways ——2，3或4幅车行道的公路one-way street——单行街道cul-de-sac，dead end (USA)——尽头路through road——直达道路service road，frontage road（USA）——服务性道路，辅道major road ——主要道路primary distributor road ——主要支线道路local distributor road ——地区支线道路estate road ——小区道路rural road ——乡村道路urban road ——城市道路mountain road ——山区道路forestry road ——林区道路rural motorway ——乡区高速公路，乡区汽车（专用）路motorway with tolls ——收费高速公路，收费汽车（专用）路trunk road ——干线公路bridle path ——马道桥梁 bridge公路干道 highway工程工程学 engineering公路工程 highway engineering路基 roadbase路面 pavement构造物建造构成制造 construct施工（名） construction试验室 laboratory现场检测 field test（名）试验检验（不）进行试验 experiment试验检测测量 test质量上流社会的 quality合格，取得资格 qualify材料 material沥青柏油以沥青铺（一般指沥青路）asphalt 沥青（指原材料） bitumen沥青的 bituminous沥青混合料 bituminous mixture混凝土 concrete钢筋混凝土 RC (reinforced concrete)信誉信用贷款 credit进度快慢 tempo计划 plan评定 evaluation检查（名）检验 inspection标准水准规格标准的合格的 standard技术性的工业的 technical技术技巧技术的工艺的专门的 technic水泥 cement碎石路碎石路 macadam砂砾碎石砂砾层 gravel钢筋 reinforcing steel bar或reinfored steel 石石头石场石的石制的 stone检查员 inspector测量（名） measuring测量（及）检测（及）勘测测绘（名）survey设备仪器装置 device申请 application铺路工人 paver经理 manager加强 reinforce（被加强的 reinforced ）sign 签字署名通知list 表名册目录列举tabulation 制表列表表格mapping 绘图制图camera 照相机photo 照片给。
道路工程英语词汇
公路干道highway工程工程学engineering公路工程highway engineering路基roadbase路面pavement['peivmənt]构造物建造构成制造construct施工（名）construction试验室laboratory ['læbrə'tɔri]现场检测field test（名）试验检验（不）进行试验experiment试验检测测量test质量上流社会的quality ['kwɒlɪtɪ]合格，取得资格qualify材料material沥青柏油以沥青铺（一般指沥青路）asphalt ['æsfælt]沥青（指原材料）bitumen ['bɪtjʊmən]沥青的bituminous沥青混合料bituminous mixture混凝土concrete钢筋混凝土RC (reinforced concrete)信誉信用贷款credit进度快慢tempo计划plan评定evaluation检查（名）检验inspection标准水准规格标准的合格的standard技术性的工业的technical技术技巧技术的工艺的专门的technic水泥cement碎石路碎石路macadam砂砾碎石砂砾层gravel钢筋reinforcing steel bar或reinfored steel石石头石场石的石制的stone检查员inspector测量（名）measuring测量（及）检测（及）勘测测绘（名）survey设备仪器装置device申请application铺路工人paver加强reinforce（被加强的reinforced ）sign 签字署名通知list 表名册目录列举tabulation 制表列表表格mapping 绘图制图camera 照相机photo 照片给。
拍照拍照lime 石灰petrol 汽油diesel-oil 柴油planer 计划者planed 有计划的根据计划的pile 柱桩把桩打入用桩支撑weld 焊接焊牢焊接点welder 焊接者焊工laborer 劳动者劳工辅助工manpower 人力劳动力人力资源雇佣使用利用employ职业租用受雇employment项目条款item关税税款税impostresign 放弃辞去辞职document 公文文件证件time limit from project 工期weighbridge 地磅台秤transbit 经纬仪mention 提到说起表扬career 职业经历skill 技术技能trade 行业商业owe 欠债organization 组织机构团体traffic 交通交往通行交易买卖spend 预算花钱浪费interest 股息股份兴趣cost 费用成本花费wage 薪水报酬earning 工资收入利润cash 现金现款把...兑现tax 税负担向...纳税deficit 赤字不足额业主owner（北美用）、employer（英语国用）发展商（房屋等业主）client 或developer承包商contractor总承包商prime contractor或general contractor 分承包商nominated contractor专业承包商specialist contractor咨询公司consulting firm 或consultants咨询工程师consulting engineer建筑师architect建筑工程经理constraction manager项目经理program manager材料供应商supplier建筑经济学contraction economics亚洲开发银行asian development bank世界银行集团world bank group学会institute协会association组织结构organizational styucture基础设施infrastructure环境environment质量管理体系qulity management system质量方针quality policy质量目标quality objective职能，函数，职务function计量的metrological鉴定qualification评审review效率efficiency验证verification顾客,消费者customer过程process产品product项目,预计的，计划的project程序procedure特性characteristic记录record检验inspection文件document信息information能力capabitily 满意satisfaction投标邀请书invitation for bids公开招标unlimited competitive open biding投标者须知instruction to bidders银行保函bank guarantee担保公司security company支付保函payment guarantee资质说明statement of qualification单位成本cost per unit成本计划cost plan成本价price cost业主要求client´s requirements投标书tender 或bid 或proposal合同条件condition of contract合同协议书agreement图纸drawings工程量表bill of quantities投标保证bid security保价offer开标tender 或bid评标bid evaluation施工项目work items总价合同lump sum contract专题报告subjective report审核audit 审核员auditor测量控制measurement control测量设备measureing equipment技术专家technical expert习惯，惯例custom选择selection确定，决定definition合格conformity不合格nonconformity缺陷defect预防措施preventive action纠正措施corrective action返工rework降级regrade返修repair报废serap让步concession放行release土工格栅geogrid土工布geotextile [,dʒiəu'tekstail 挡土墙Retaining wall[ri'teiniŋ。
公路工程名词术语中英文对照11
踏勘 reconna
intersection entran g
adside facilities izzling screen
辅助标志 au issance
ce
交错路段 we
交通安全设
反光标志 ref xiliary sign
可行性研究
交叉口出口 aving section
施 traffic safety lective sign
e crossing
minimum radius
加宽缓和段
平均纵坡 av stance，
环形交叉 rot
互通式立体
of horizontal cur transition zone of erage gradient
stopping sigh ary intersection 交叉 Interchange
道路服务水 gin-destination stu
分离式行车
路侧人行道
路拱横坡 cr
交通量 maximum 平 level of servic dy
道 Divided carria sidewalk
own slope
annual hourly v e
出行 trip
geway
分隔带 lane
公路建筑限
自行车道 cy
路拱 cambe ntal curve
capacity
cle path
r； crown
极限最小平
弯道加宽 cu
变坡点 grad
停车视距 no
斜交叉 skew
separate grad
曲线半径 limited rve widening
e change point n-passing sight di intersection
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准第条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其运用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备确定技术条件和设施的道路。
第条城市道路city road；urban road在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备确定技术条件和设施的道路。
第条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路。
第条林区道路forest road建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
第条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第条道路网road network在确定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第条道路(网)密度density of road network在确定区域内，道路网的总里程和该区域面积的比值。
第条道路技术标准technical standard of road依据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所接受的汽车车型，以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第条计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed道路几何设计(包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等)所接受的行车速度。
第条道路建筑限界boundary line of road construction为保证车辆和行人正常通行，规定在道路的确定宽度和高度范围内不允许有任何设施及障碍物侵入的空间范围。
路面工程英汉对照
英漢铺面工程名詞彙編AAASHTO 美国州公路暨运输官員协会：American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 的简称。
Absolute Specific Gravity 绝对比重：在特定温度下，相同体积的物体与蒸溜水（或純水）的重量比值。
Absolute Viscosity 绝对黏度：沥青在60℃下量测而得的黏度，以泊(poise, P)为单位。
Absolute Volume 绝对体积：混凝土或砂浆组成的体积，相当于一般的面干虛体积。
Absorbed Moisture (Water) 吸收水气（水）：吸收在材料内的水气（水）。
Absorption 吸水（率）：于特定状況下所吸收的水份，通常以材料烘干重的百分比表示。
Acceleration 加速（速凝）作用：加速混凝土硬化或强度发展之作用。
Accelerator 加速剂（速凝剂）：加速混凝土、砂浆、或水泥浆硬化或强度发展之掺料。
AC 沥青混凝土：请参照Asphalt Concrete。
ACI 美国混凝土学会：American Concrete Institute 的简称。
ACPA 美国混凝土铺面协会：American Concrete Pavement Ass℃iation 的简称。
ACR 碱-碳反应。
请参照Alkali-Carbonate Reaction。
Adhesion Loss 黏着力丧失：黏结料失去黏着力。
Adhesives 黏着剂：将同质或异质材料结合或黏结为一体所使用的材料，例如，环氧树脂。
Admixture 添加剂或掺料：除去水、粒料、和波特兰水泥外，于混凝土拌合前或过程中所添加的材料。
Adsorption 吸附：物质在物体表面所形成高度集中的现象，是一种物质被吸附的过程。
Adsorbed Water 吸附水：吸附在材料表面上的水份。
Aggregate 粒料（骨材）：颗粒材料，如砂、砾石、碎石、碎混凝土、或炉渣。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准中英文对照----------专专最好文～专专专服专～急所急～供所需档你你你-------------文下专最佳的地方档道路工程专专专准第2.1.1条道路 road供各专专专和行人等通行的工程专施。
按其使用特点分专公路、城市道路、专道厂路、林道路及专村道路等。
区第2.1.2条公路 highway专专城市、专村～主要供汽专行专的具专一定技专件和专施的道路。
条第2.1.3条城市道路 city road～urban road 在城市范专～供专专及行人通行的具专一定技专件和专施的道路。
内条第2.1.4条厂专道路 factories and mines road 主要供工、专山专专专通行的道路。
厂运第2.1.5条区林道路 forest road建在林～主要供各专林专专工具通行的道路。
区运第2.1.6条专村道路 country road建在专村、专专～主要供行人及各专专专专工具通行的道路。
运第2.1.7条道路工程 road engineering 以道路专专象而专行的专、勘专、专专、施工等技专活专的全专程及其所事的工程专。
划从体第2.1.8条网道路 road network在一定域～由各专道路专成的相互专专、交专成分布的道路系专。
全部由各区内网状专公路专成的公路。
在城市范专由各专道路专成的城市道路。
称网内称网第2.1.9条道路(网)密度 density of road network 在一定域～道路的专里程专专域面专的比专。
区内网与区第2.1.10条道路技专专准 technical standard of road根据道路的性专、交通量及其所专地点的自然件～定道路专到的各专技专指条确达专和专定。
第2.1.11条专专专专 design vehicle道路专专所采用的汽专专型～以其外廓尺寸、重量、专特性等特征作专道路专专的依运据。
第2.1.12条特专专专 special vehicle 外廓尺寸、重量等方面超专专专专专限界的及特殊用途的专专。
道路工程英语
英汉术语对照索引abrasiveness 磨耗度absolute datum 绝对基面abutment 桥台abutment pier制动墩acceleration lane加速车道accidental load 偶然荷载accommodation lane 专用车道acoustic barrier 隔音墙acting circles of blasting 爆破作用圈additional stake 加桩adjacent curve in one direction 同向曲线admixture 外加剂admixture 反坡安全线aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量aerophoto base 航摄基线aerophoto interpretation 航摄像片判读ageing 老化aggregate 集料(骨料）air hardining 气硬性alignment design (城市道路)平面设计，线形设计alignment element 线形要素alligator cracking 路面龟裂allowable rebound deflection 容许（回弹)弯沉alternative line 比较线anchored bulkhead abutment 锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment 锚锭板式挡土墙anchored retaining wall 锚杆式挡土墙anionic emulsified bitumen 阴离子乳化沥青annual average daily traffic 年平均日交通量anti—creep heap (厂矿道路）挡车堆anti-dizzling screen 防炫屏（遮光栅)antiskid heap （厂矿道路)防滑堆approach span 引桥aquitard 隔水层arch bridge 拱桥arch culvert 拱涵arch ring 拱圈arterial highway 干线公路arterial road （厂内）主干道，(城市)主干路asphalt distributor 沥青洒布车asphalt mixing plant 沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt remixer 沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer 复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt sand 沥青砂asphalt sprayer 沥青洒布机asphaltic bitumen 地沥青at—grade intersection 平面交叉auxiliary lane 附加车道average consistency (of soil）土的)平均稠度average gradient 平均纵坡aximuth angle 方位角balance weight retaining wall 衡重式挡土墙base course 基层base line 基线basic traffic capacity 基本通行能力beam bridge 梁桥beam level deflectometer 杠杆弯沉仪bearing 支座bearing angle 象限角bearing pile 支承桩bearing platform 承台bed course 垫层bench mark 水准点benched subgrade 台口式路基bending strength 抗弯强度Benkelman beam 杠杆弯沉仪（贝克曼弯沉仪)bent cap 盖梁berm 护坡道binder 结合料binder course 联结层bitumen 沥青bitumen （沥青混合料)抽提仪bitumen-aggregate ratio 油石比bituminous concrete pavement 沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete mixture 沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete moxture 沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam pavement 沥青碎石路面bituminous moxture 沥青混合料bituminous pavement 沥青路面bituminous penetration pavement 沥青贯入式路面biuminous surface treatment （沥青)表面处治blasting crater 爆破漏斗blastion for loosening rock 松动爆破blasting for throwing rock 抛掷爆破blasting procedure 土石方爆破bleeding 泛油blind ditch 盲沟blind drain 盲沟block pavement 块料路面block stone 块石blow up 拱胀boring 钻探boring log （道路)地质柱状图boring machine 钻孔机borrow earth 借土borrow pit 取土坑boundary frame on crossing 道口限界架boundary frame on road 道路限界架boundary line of road construction 道路建筑限界bowstring arch bridge 系杆拱桥box culvert 箱涵branch pipe of inlet 雨水口支管branch road （城市)支路，(厂内)支道bridge 桥梁bridge decking 桥面系bridge deck pavement 桥面铺装bridge floor expantion and contraction installation traction installation 桥面伸缩装置bridge gerder erection equpment 架桥机bridge on slope 坡桥bridge site 桥位bridle road 驮道broken chainage 断链broken stone 碎石broken back curve 断背曲线buried abutment 埋置式桥台bus bay 公交（车辆）停靠站bypass 绕行公路cable bent tower 索塔cable saddle 索鞍cable stayed bridge 斜拉桥(斜张桥)Cableway erecting equipment 缆索吊装设备California bearing ratio (CBR) 加州承载比(CBR）California bearing ratio tester 加州承载比（CBR）测定仪camber cruve 路拱曲线cantilever beam bridge 悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge 悬臂式挡土墙capacityof intersection 交叉口通行能力capacity of network 路网通行能力capillary water 毛细水carriage way 车行道（行车道）cast—in-place cantilever method 悬臂浇筑法cationic emulsified bitumen 阳离子乳化沥青cattle-pass 畜力车道cement concrete 水泥混凝土cemint concrete pavement 水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete pavement 水泥混凝土路面center—island 中心岛center lane 中间车道center line of raod 道路中线center line survey 中线测量center stake 中桩central reserve 分隔带channelization 渠化交通shannelization island 导流岛channelized intrersection 分道转弯式交叉口chip 石屑chute 急流槽circular curve 圆曲线circular curve 环路circular test 环道试验city road 城市道路civil engineering fabric 土工织物classified highway 等级公路classified highway 等级道路clay—bound macadam泥结碎石路面clearance 净空clearance above bridge floor 桥面净空clearce of span 桥下净空climatic zoning for highway 公路自然区划climbing lane 爬坡车道cloverleaf interchange 苜蓿叶形立体交叉coal tar 煤沥青cobble stone 卵石coefficient of scouring 冲刷系数cohesive soil 粘性土cold laid method 冷铺法cold mixing method 冷拌法cold—stretched steel bar 冷拉钢筋column pier柱式墩combination—type road system 混合式道路系统compaction 压实compaction test 击实试验compaction test apparatus 击实仪compactmess test 压实度试验composite beam bridge 联合梁桥composite pipe line 综合管道（综合管廊）compound curve 复曲线concave vertical curve 凹形竖曲线concrete joint cleaner (水泥混凝土)路面清缝机concrete joint sealer （水泥混凝土)路面填缝机concrete mixing plant 水泥混凝土（混合料)拌和设备concrete paver 水泥混凝土(混合料)摊铺机concrete pump 水泥混凝土(混合料)泵concrete saw （水泥混凝土）路面锯缝机附录英汉术语对照索引cone penetrantion test 触探试onflict point 冲突点conical slope 锥坡consistency limit (of soil）(土的)稠度界限consolidated subsoil 加固地基consolidation 固结construction by swing 转体架桥法construction height of bridge 桥梁建筑高度construction joint 施工缝construction load 施工荷载construction survey 施工测量continuous beam bridge 连续梁桥contourline 等高线contraction joint 缩缝control point 路线控制点converging 合流convex vertining wall 凸形竖曲线corduroy road 木排道counterfout retaining wall 扶壁式挡土墙counterfort abutmen 扶壁式桥台country road 乡村道路county road 县公路（县道)，乡道creep 徐变critical speed 临界速度cross roads 十字形交叉cross slope 横坡cross walk 人行横道cross-sectional profile 横断面图cross-sectional survey 横断面测量crown 路拱crushed stone 碎石crushing strength 压碎值culture 地物culvert 涵洞curb 路缘石curb side strip 路侧带curve length 曲线长curve widening 平曲线加宽curved bridge 弯桥cut 挖方cut corner for sight line (路口）截角cut-fill transition 土方调配cut—fill transition 土方调配图cutting 路堑cycle path 自行车道cycle track 自行车道deceleration lane 减速车道deck bridge 上承式桥deflection angle 偏角deflection test 弯沉试验degree of compaction 压实度delay 延误density of road network 道路（网)密度edpth of tunnel 隧道埋深edsign elevation of subgrade 路基设计高程design frequency （排水）设计重现期edsign hourly volume 设计小时交通量design of evevation （城市道路）竖向设计design of vertical alignment 纵断面设计design speed 计算行车速度（设计车速)design traffic capacity 设计通行能力design vehicle 设计车辆design water level 设计水位desiged dldvation 设计高程designed flood frequency 设计洪水频率deslicking treatment 防滑处理Deval abrasion testion machine 狄法尔磨耗试验机（双筒式磨耗试验机）diamondinterchange 菱形立体交叉differential photo 微分法测图direction angle 方向角directional interchange 定向式立体交叉diverging 分流dowel bar 传力杆drain opening 泄水口drainage by pumping station （立体交叉）泵站排水drainage ditch 排水沟dressed stone 料石drop water 跌水dry concrtet 干硬性混凝土ductility (of bitumen) （沥青)延度ductilometer （沥青)延度仪dummy joint 假缝dynamic consolidation 强夯法economic speed 经济车速econnomical hauling distance 土方调配经济运距element support 构件支撑elevation 高程（标高）embankment 路堤emergency parking strip 紧急停车带emulsified bitumen 乳化沥青erecting by floating 浮运架桥法erection by longitudinal pulling method 纵向拖拉法erection by protrusion 悬臂拼装法erection with cableway 缆索吊装法evaporation pond 蒸发池expansion bearing 活动支座expansive soil 膨胀土expantion joint 胀缝expressway （城市）快速路external destance 外(矢）距fabricated bridge 装配式桥fabricated steel bridge 装拆式钢桥factories and mines road 厂矿道路factory external transportation line 对外道路factory-in road 厂内道路factory-out road 厂外道路fast lane 内侧车道faulting of slab ends 错台feeder highway 支线公路ferry 渡口fibrous concrete 纤维混凝土field of viaion 视野fill 填方filled spandrel arch bridge 实腹拱桥final survey 竣工测量fineness 细度fineness modulus 细度模数fixed bearing 固定支座flare wing wall abutment 八字形桥台flared intersection 拓宽路口式交叉口flash 闪点flash point tester （open cup method）闪点仪(开口杯式）flexible pavement 柔性路面flexible pier 柔性墩floor system 桥面系flush curb 平缘石foot way 人行道ford 过水路面forest highway 林区公路forest road 林区道路foundation 基础free style road system 自由式道路系统free way 高速公路free-flow speed 自由车速freeze road 冻板道路freezing and thawing test 冻融试验frost boiling 翻浆frozen soil 冻土full depth asphalt pavement 全厚式沥青（混凝土)路面function planting 功能栽植general scour under bridge opening 桥下一般冲刷geological section (道路)地质剖面图geotextile 土工织物gradation 级配gradation of stone （路用)石料等级grade change point 变坡点grade compensation 纵坡折减grade crossing 平面交叉grade length limitation 坡长限制grade of side slope 边坡坡度grade separation 简单立体交叉grade-separated junction 立体交叉graded aggregate pavement 级配路面brader 平地机grain composition 颗粒组成granular material 粒料gravel 砾石gravity pier （abutment）重力式墩、台gravity retaining wall 重力式挡土墙green belt 绿化带gridiron road system 棋盘式道路系统ground control—point survey 地面控制点测量ground elevation 地面高程ground stereophotogrammetry 地面立体摄影测量guard post 标柱guard rail 护栏guard wall 护墙gully 雨水口gutter 街沟（偏沟）gutter apron 平石gutter drainage 渠道排水half—through bridge 中承式桥hard shoulder 硬路肩hardening 硬化hardness 硬度haul road 运材道路heavy maintenance 大修hectometer stake 百米桩hedge 绿篱height of cut and fill at ceneter stake 中桩填挖高度high strength bolt 高强螺栓high type pavement 高级路面highway 公路highway landscape design 公路景观设计hill-side line 山坡线（山腰线）hilly terrain 重丘区horizontal alignment 平面线形horizontal curve 平曲线hot laid method 热铺法hot mixing method 热拌法hot stability (of bitumen) (沥青)热稳性hydraulic computation 水力计算hydraulic computation 水硬性imaginary intersection point 虚交点immersed tunnelling method 沉埋法inbound traffic 入境交通incremental launching method 顶推法industrial district road 工业区道路industrial solid waste （路用）工业废渣industrial waste basecourse 工业废渣基层inlet 雨水口inlet submerged culvert 半压力式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert 无压力式涵洞inorganic binder 无机结合料instrument station 测站intensity of rainstorm 暴雨强度intercepting detch 截水沟interchange 互通式立体交叉interchange woth special bicycle track 分隔式立体交叉intermediate maintenance 中修intermediate type pavement 中级路面intersection （平面）交叉口intersection angle 交叉角，转角intersection entrance 交叉口进口intersection exit 交叉口出口intersection plan 交叉口平面图intersection point 交点intersection with widened corners 加宽转角式交叉口jack-in method 顶入法kilometer stone 里程碑land slide 坍方lane 车道lane—width 车道宽度lateral clear distance of curve （平曲线）横净距lay-by 紧急停车带level of service 道路服务水平leveling course 整平层leveling survey 水准测量light—weight concrete 轻质混凝土lighting facilities of road 道路照明设施lime pile 石灰桩line development 展线linking-up road 联络线，连接道路liquid asphaltic bitumen 液体沥青liquid limit 液限living fence 绿篱load 荷载loading berm 反压护道lading combinations 荷载组合loading plate 承载板lading platetest 承载板试验local scour near pier 桥墩局部冲刷local traffic 境内交通location of line 定线location survey 定测lock bolt support woth shotcrete 喷锚支护loess 黄土longitudinal beam 纵梁longitudinal gradient 纵坡longitudinal joint 纵缝loop ramp 环形匝道Los Angeles abrasion testion machine 洛杉矶磨耗试验机machine （搁板式磨耗试验机）low rype pavement 低级路面main beam 主梁main bridge 主桥maintenance 养护maintenance period 大中修周期manhole 检查井marginal strip 路缘带marshall stability apparatus 马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability test 马歇尔试验masonry bridge 圬工桥maximum annual hourly volume 年最大小时交通量maximum dry unit weight （标准）最大干密度maximum longitudinal gradient 最大纵坡mine tunnelling method 矿山法mineral aggregate 矿料mineral powder 矿粉mini—roundabout 微形环交minimum height of fill （路基)最小填土高度minimum longitudinal gradient 最小纵坡minimum radius of horizontal curve 最小平曲线半径minimum turning radius 汽车最小转弯半径mixed traffic 混合交通mixing method 拌和法mixture 混合料model split 交通方式划分modulus of elasticity 弹性模量modulus of resilience 回弹模量modulus ratio 模量比monthly average daily traffic 月平均日交通量motor way 高速公路mountainous terrain 山岭区movable bridge 开启桥mud 淤泥multiple—leg intersection 多岔交叉mational trunk highway 国家干线公路(国道）matural asphalt 天然沥青natural scour 自然演变冲刷natural subsoil 天然地基navigable water level 通航水位nearside lane 外侧车道net—shaped cracking 路面网裂New Austrian Tunnelling Method 新奥法observation point 测点one—way ramp 单向匝道open cut method 明挖法open cut tunnel 明洞open spandrel arch bridge 空腹拱桥opencast mine road 露天矿山道路operating speed 运行速度iptimum gradation 最佳级配iptimum moisture conter 最佳含水量optimum speed 临界速度organic binder 有机结合料origin—destination study 起迄点调查outbound traffic 出境交通outlet submerged culvert 压力式涵洞outlet inlet main road 城市出入干道overall speed 区间速度overlay of pavement 罩面overpass grade separation 上跨铁路立体交叉overtaking lane 超车车道overtaking sight distance 超车视距paper location 纸上定线paraffin content test 含蜡量试验parent soil 原状土parking lane 停车车道parking lot 停车场parking station 公交(车辆）停靠站part out-part fill subgrade 半填半挖式路基pass 垭口passing bay 错车道patrol maintenance 巡回养护paved crosing 道口铺面pavement 路面pavement pression 路面沉陷pavement recapping 路面翻修pavement slab pumping 路面板唧泥pavement spalling 路面碎裂pavemengthening 路面补强pavement structure layer 路面结构层附录英汉术语对照索引pavemill 路面铣削机(刨路机)peak hourly volume 高峰小时交通量pedestrian overcrossing 人行天桥pedestrian underpass 人行地道penetration macadam with coated chips 上拌下贯式(沥青)chips 路面penetration method 贯入法penetration test apparatus 长杆贯入仪penetration（of bitumen）(沥青)针入度penetrometer （沥青)针入度仪periodical maintenance 定期养护permaf rost 多年冻土permanent load 永久荷载perviousness test 透水度试验petroleum asphaltic bitumen 石油沥青photo index 像片索引图(镶辑复照图）photo mosaic 像片镶嵌图photogrammetry 摄影测量photographic map 影像地图pier 桥墩pile and pland retaining wall 柱板式挡土墙pile bent pier 排架桩墩pile driver 打桩机pipe culvert 管涵pipe drainage 管道排水pit test 坑探pitching method 铺砌法plain stage of slope 边坡平台plain terrain 平原区plan view (路线）平面图plane design （城市道路）平面设计plane sketch （道路)平面示意图planimetric photo 综合法测图plant mixing method 厂拌法plasticity index 塑限plasticity index 塑性指数poisson’s ratio 泊松比polished stone value 石料磨光值pontoon bridge 浮桥porosity 空隙率porotable pendulum tester 摆式仪possible traffic capacity 可能通行能力post-tensioning method 后张法pot holes 路面坑槽preliminary survey 初测preloading method 预压法prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土prestressed concrete bridge 预应力混凝土桥prestresed steel bar drawing jack 张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶pretensioning method 先张法prime coat 透层productive arterial road 生产干线productive branch road 生产支线profile design 纵断面设计profilometer 路面平整度测定仪proportioning of cement concrete 水泥混凝土配合比protection forest fire—proof road 护林防火道路provincial trunk highway 省干线公路（省道)railroad grade crossing （铁路)道口ramp 匝道rebound deflection 回弹弯沉reclaimed asphalt mixture 再生沥青混合料reclaimed bituminous pavement 再生沥青路面reconnaissance 踏勘red clay 红粘土reference stake 护桩referencion crack 反射裂缝refuge island 安全岛regulating structure 调治构造物reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete bridge 钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete pavement 钢筋混凝土路面reinforced earth retaining wall 加筋土挡土墙relative moisture content (of soil) (土的)相对含水量relief road 辅道residential street 居住区道路resultant gradient 合成坡度retaining wall 挡土墙revelling of pavement 路面松散reverse curve 反向曲线reverse loop 回头曲线ridge crossing line 越岭线ridge line 山脊线right bridge 正交桥right bridge 正桥rigid frame bridge 刚构桥rigid pavement 刚性路面rigid—type base 刚性基层ring and radial road system 环形辐射式道路系统ripper 松土机riprap 抛石road 道路road alignment 道路线形road appearance 路容road eara per sitizen （城市）人均道路面积road area ratio (城市）道路面积率road axis 道路轴线road bed 路床road bitumen 路用沥青road condition 路况road condition survey 路况调查road crossing (平面)交叉口road crossing design 交叉口设计road engineering 道路工程road feasibility study (道路工程）可行性研究road improvement 改善工程road intersection 道路交叉（路线交叉）road mixing method 路拌法road netword 道路网road network planning 道路网规划road planting 道路绿化road project （道路工程)方案图road trough 路槽road way 路幅rock breaker 凿岩机rock filled gabion 石笼roller 压路机rolled cementoncerete 碾压式水泥混凝土rolling terrain 微丘区rotary interchage 环形立体交叉rotary intersection 环形交叉roundabout 环形交叉route development 展线rout of road 道路路线route selection 选线routine maintenance 小修保养rubble 片石running speed 行驶速度rural road 郊区道路saddle back 垭口safety belt 安全带safety fence 防护栅salty soil 盐渍土sand 砂sanddrain （sand pile) 砂井sand gravel 砂砾sand hazard 沙害sand mat of subgrade 排水砂垫层sand patch test 铺砂试验sand pile 砂桩sand protection facilities 防沙设施sand ratio 砂率sand sweeping 回砂sand sweeping equipment 回砂机sandy soil 砂性土saturated soil 饱和土scraper 铲运机seal coat 封层secondary trunk road （厂内)次干道,（城市）次干路seepage well 渗水井segregation 离析semi-rigid type base 半刚性基层separate facilties 分隔设施separator 分隔带sheep-foot roll 羊足压路机(羊足碾)shelter belt 护路林shield 盾构(盾构挖掘机)shield tunnelling method 盾构法shoulder 路肩shrinkage limit 缩限side ditch 边沟side slope 边坡side walk 人行道sieve analysis 筛分sight distance 视距sight distance of intersection 路口视距sight line 视线sight triangle 视距三角形silty soil 粉性土simple supported beam bridge 简支梁桥singl direction thrusted pier 单向推力墩single—sizeaggregat 同粒径集料siphon culvert 倒虹涵skew bridge 斜交桥skew bridge 斜桥skid road 集材道路slab bridge 板桥slab culvert 盖板涵slab staggerting 错位slide 滑坡slope protection 护坡slump 坍落度snow hazard 雪害snow plough 除雪机snow protection facilities 防雪设施soft ground 软弱地基soft soil 软土softening point tester （ring ball）（沥青）软化点议仪method (环-球法)softening point （of bitumen）沥青）软化点solubility （of bitumen）（沥青)溶解度space headway 车头间距space mean speed 空间平均速度span 跨径span by span method 移动支架逐跨施工法spandrel arch 腹拱spandrel structure 拱上结构special vehicle 特种车辆speed-change lane 变速车道splitting test 劈裂试验spot speed 点速度spreading in layers 层铺法springing 弹簧现象stabilizer 稳定土拌和机stabilized soil base course 稳定土基层stage for heating soil and broken rock 碎落台stagered junction 错位交叉stand axial loading 标准轴截steel bridge 钢筋冷墩机steel bridge 钢桥steel exention machie 钢筋拉伸机stiffness modulus 劲度stone coating test 石料裹覆试验stone crusher 碎石机stone spreader 碎石撒布机stopping sight distance 停车视距stopping truck heap (厂矿道路）阻车堤street 街道street draianage 街道排水street planting 街道绿化street trees 行道树strengthening layer 补强层strengthening of structure 加固stringer 纵梁striping test for aggregate 集料剥落试验structural approach limit of tunnel 隧道建筑限界sub-high type pavement 次高级路面subgrade 路基subgrade drainage 路基排水submersible bridge 漫水桥subsidence 沉陷subsoil 地基substructure 下部结构superelevation 超高superelevation runoff 超高缓和段superstructure 上部结构supported type abutment 支撑式桥台surface course 面层surface evenness 路面平整度surface frostheave 路面冻胀surface permeameter 路面透水度测定仪surface roughness 路面粗糙度surface slipperinness 路面滑溜surface water 地表水surface-curvature apparatus 路面曲率半径测定仪surrounding rock 围岩suspension bridge 悬索桥swich—back curve 回头曲线Tintersection 丁字形交叉(T形交叉)T-shaped rigid frame bridge 形刚构桥tack coat 粘层tangent length 切线长tar 焦油沥青technical standard of road 道路技术标准Telford 锥形块石Telford base (锥形）块石基层terrace 台地thermal insulation berm 保温护道thermal insulation course 隔温层thirtieth highest annual hourly 年第30位最大小时volume 交通量through bridge 下承式桥through traffic 过境交通tie bar 拉杆timber bridge 木桥timeheadway 车头时距time mean speed 时间平均速度toe of slope (边)坡脚tonguel and groove joint 企口缝top of slope （边)坡顶topographic featurc 地貌topographic map 地形图topographic survey 地形测量topography 地形township road 乡公路（乡道）traffic assignment 交通量分配traffic apacity 通行能力traffic composition 交通组成traffic density 交通密度traffic distribution 交通分布traffic flow 交通流traffic generation 交通发生traffic island 交通岛traffic mirror 道路反光镜traffic planninng 道路交通规划traffic safety device 交通安全设施traffic square 交通广场traffic stream 车流traffic survey 交通调查traffic volume 交通量traffic volume obserbation station 交通量观测站traffic volume 交通量预测traffic volume survey 交通量调查transition curve 缓和曲线transition slab at bridge head 桥头搭板transition zone of cross section 断面渐变段transition zone of curve widening 加宽缓和段transitional gradient 缓和坡段transverse beam 横梁transverse joint 横缝traverse 导线traverse sruvey 导线测量trencher 挖沟机triaxial test 三轴试验trip 出行true joint 真缝trumpet interchange 喇叭形立体交叉trunk highway 干线公路truss bridge 桁架桥tunnel （道路)隧道trnnel boring machine 隧道掘进机tunnel ling 衬砌tunnel portal 洞门tunnel support 隧道支撑turnaround loop 回车道，回车场turning point 转点two-way curved arch bridge 双曲拱桥two—way ramp 双向匝道type of dry and damp soil base 土基干湿类型U—shaped abut ment U形桥台under-ground pipes comprethensive design 管线综合设计underground water 地下水underground water level 地下水位underpass grade separation 下穿铁路立体交叉universal photo 全能法测图urban road 城市道路valley line 沿溪线variable load 可变荷载vehicle stream 车流vehicular gap 车（辆)间净距verge 路肩vertical alignment 纵面线形vertical curb 立缘石(侧石)vertical curve 竖曲线vertical profile map （路线）纵断面图viameter 路面平整度测定仪vibratory roller 振动压路机viscosimeter (沥青)粘度仪viscosity (of bitumen）(沥青）粘(滞)度voidratio 孔隙比washout 水毁waste 弃土waste bank 弃土堆water cement ratio 水灰比water content 含水量water level 水位water reducing agent 减水剂water stability 水稳性water—bound macadam水结碎石路面wearing course 磨耗层weaving 交织weaving point 交织点weaving section 交织路段wheel tracking test 车辙试验width of subgrade 路基宽度workability 和易性Y intersection 形交叉。
道路工程英语词汇
公路干道highway工程工程学engineering公路工程highway engineering路基roadbase路面pavement['peivmənt]构造物建造构成制造construct施工（名）construction试验室laboratory ['læbrə'tɔri]现场检测field test（名）试验检验（不）进行试验experiment试验检测测量test质量上流社会的quality ['kwɒlɪtɪ]合格，取得资格qualify材料material沥青柏油以沥青铺（一般指沥青路）asphalt ['æsfælt]沥青（指原材料）bitumen ['bɪtjʊmən]沥青的bituminous沥青混合料bituminous mixture混凝土concrete钢筋混凝土RC (reinforced concrete)信誉信用贷款credit进度快慢tempo计划plan评定evaluation检查（名）检验inspection标准水准规格标准的合格的standard技术性的工业的technical技术技巧技术的工艺的专门的technic水泥cement碎石路碎石路macadam砂砾碎石砂砾层gravel钢筋reinforcing steel bar或reinfored steel石石头石场石的石制的stone检查员inspector测量（名）measuring测量（及）检测（及）勘测测绘（名）survey设备仪器装置device申请application铺路工人paver加强reinforce（被加强的reinforced ）sign 签字署名通知list 表名册目录列举tabulation 制表列表表格mapping 绘图制图camera 照相机photo 照片给。
拍照拍照lime 石灰petrol 汽油diesel-oil 柴油planer 计划者planed 有计划的根据计划的pile 柱桩把桩打入用桩支撑weld 焊接焊牢焊接点welder 焊接者焊工laborer 劳动者劳工辅助工manpower 人力劳动力人力资源雇佣使用利用employ职业租用受雇employment项目条款item关税税款税impostresign 放弃辞去辞职document 公文文件证件time limit from project 工期weighbridge 地磅台秤transbit 经纬仪mention 提到说起表扬career 职业经历skill 技术技能trade 行业商业owe 欠债organization 组织机构团体traffic 交通交往通行交易买卖spend 预算花钱浪费interest 股息股份兴趣cost 费用成本花费wage 薪水报酬earning 工资收入利润cash 现金现款把...兑现tax 税负担向...纳税deficit 赤字不足额业主owner（北美用）、employer（英语国用）发展商（房屋等业主）client 或developer承包商contractor总承包商prime contractor或general contractor 分承包商nominated contractor专业承包商specialist contractor咨询公司consulting firm 或consultants咨询工程师consulting engineer建筑师architect建筑工程经理constraction manager项目经理program manager材料供应商supplier建筑经济学contraction economics亚洲开发银行asian development bank世界银行集团world bank group学会institute协会association组织结构organizational styucture基础设施infrastructure环境environment质量管理体系qulity management system质量方针quality policy质量目标quality objective职能，函数，职务function计量的metrological鉴定qualification评审review效率efficiency验证verification顾客,消费者customer过程process产品product项目,预计的，计划的project程序procedure特性characteristic记录record检验inspection文件document信息information能力capabitily 满意satisfaction投标邀请书invitation for bids公开招标unlimited competitive open biding投标者须知instruction to bidders银行保函bank guarantee担保公司security company支付保函payment guarantee资质说明statement of qualification单位成本cost per unit成本计划cost plan成本价price cost业主要求client´s requirements投标书tender 或bid 或proposal合同条件condition of contract合同协议书agreement图纸drawings工程量表bill of quantities投标保证bid security保价offer开标tender 或bid评标bid evaluation施工项目work items总价合同lump sum contract专题报告subjective report审核audit 审核员auditor测量控制measurement control测量设备measureing equipment技术专家technical expert习惯，惯例custom选择selection确定，决定definition合格conformity不合格nonconformity缺陷defect预防措施preventive action纠正措施corrective action返工rework降级regrade返修repair报废serap让步concession放行release土工格栅geogrid土工布geotextile [,dʒiəu'tekstail 挡土墙Retaining wall[ri'teiniŋ。
部分道路术语中英文对照
中英术语对照公路highway道路road公路工程highway engineering公路网highway network公路网密度highway density公路等级highway classification公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway公路用地highway right-of-way高速公路freeway; expressway等级公路classified highway辅道relief road干线公路arterial highway支线公路feeder highway专用公路accommodation highway国家干线公路(国道)national trunk highway省级干线公路(国道)provincial trunk highway 县公路(县道)county road乡公路(乡道)township road辐射式公路radial highway环形公路ring highway绕行公路bypass交通结构traffic structure交通组成traffic composition混合交通mixed traffic交通流traffic flow交通流理论traffic flow theory车流vehicle stream交通密度traffic density车头间距space headway车头时距time headway车间净距vehicular gap延误delay地点速度spot speed行驶速度running speed运行速度operating speed临界速度critical speed平均速度average speed计算行车速度(设计车速)design speed交通量traffic volume年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic 月平均日交通量monthly average daily traffic 年第30位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annualhourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum annual hourly 设计小时交通量design hourly volume通行能力traffic capacity基本通行能力basic traffic capacity可能通行能力possible traffic capacity设计通行能力design traffic capacity道路服务水平level of service公路交通规划traffic planning交通调查traffic survey交通量调查traffic volume survey交通量观测站traffic volume observation station起迄点调查(OD调查)origin-destination study 出行trip境内交通local traffic过境交通through traffic交通发生traffic generation交通分布traffic distribution交通分配traffic assignment交通预测traffic prognosis行车道carriageway分离式行车道divided carriageway车道lane变速车道speed-change lane加速车道acceleration lane减速车道deceleration lane爬坡车道climbing lane停车道parking lane错车道turn-out lane自行车道cycle path路侧人行道sidewalk分隔带lane separator中央分隔带median divider中间带central strip路肩shoulder;verge路缘带marginal strip路缘石kerb;curb侧向余宽lateral clearance路拱camber;crown路拱横坡crown slope公路建筑限界clearance of highway公路路线highway route公路线形highway alignment平面线形horizontal alignment纵面线形vertical alignment线形要素alignment elements平曲线horizontal curve极限最小平曲线半径limited minimum radius of horizontal curve复曲线compound curve反向曲线reverse curve断背曲线broken-back curve回头曲线switch-back curve缓和曲线transition curve竖曲线vertical curve弯道加宽curve widening加宽缓和段transition zone of curve超高superelevation超高缓和段superelevation runoff纵坡longitudinal gradient最大纵坡maximum longitudinal gradient最小纵坡minimum longitudinal gradient变坡点grade change point平均纵坡average gradiant坡长限制grade length limitation高原纵坡拆减highland grade compensation缓和坡段transition grading zone合成坡度resultant gradient视距sight distance停车视距non-passing sight distance, stopping sight distance超车视距passing sight distance道路交叉road intersection;道口railroad grade crossing平面交叉at-grade intersection;grade crossing正交叉right-angle intersection斜交叉skew intersection环形交叉rotary intersection十字形交叉"+"T形交叉T intersection错位交叉offset intersection; staggered junctionY形交叉Y intersection立体交叉grade separation分离式立体交叉simple grade separation, separate grade crossing互通式立体交叉interchange苜蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleaf interchange 部分苜蓿叶形立体交叉cloverleaf interchange 菱形立体交叉diamond interchange定向式立体交叉directional interchange喇叭形立体交叉three-Leg interchange环形立体交叉rotary interchange匝道ramp 交叉口road crossing;intersection交叉口进口intersection entrance交叉口出口intersection exit加铺转角式交叉口intersection with widened corners拓宽路口式交叉口flared intersection分道转弯式交叉口channelized intersection渠化交通channelization交织weaving交织路段weaving section合流converging分流diverging冲突点conflict point交通岛traffic island导流岛channelization island中心岛central island安全岛refuge island沿线设施roadside facilities交通安全设施traffic safety device人行横道crosswalk人行地道pedestrian underpass人行天桥pedestrian overcrossing护栏guard fence防护栅guard fence,safety barrier遮光栅anti-dizzling screen应急电话emergency telephone反光标志reflective sign反光路钮reflective button弯道反光镜traffic mirror道路交通标志road traffic sign警告标志warning sign禁令标志regulatory sign指示标志guide sign指路标志information sign辅助标志auxiliary sign可变信息标志changeable message sign路面标线pavement marking防雪设施snow protection facilities防沙设施sands protection facilities隔音墙acoustic barrier停车场parking area踏勘reconnaissance可行性研究feasibility study线形设计highway alignment design公路景观设计highway landscape design选线route selection路线控制点control point定线location比较线alternative line展线line development初b鹰㈤ai初测pre +使ment件希驰衍䰮﹡［䗹u n驰乘赐rods锚碇板式挡土墙anchored bulkhead retaining wall石笼rock filled gabion抛石riprap路基排水subgrade drainage边沟side ditch截水沟intercepting ditch排水沟drainage ditch急流槽chute跌水drop water蒸发池evaporation pond盲沟blind drain渗水井seepage well透水路堤permeable embankment过水路面ford填方fill挖方cut借土borrow earth弃土waste取土坑borrow pit弃土堆waste bank回填土back-filling黄土loess软土soft soil淤泥mud泥沼moor泥炭peat盐渍土salty soil膨胀土expansive soil冻土frozen soil多年冻土permafrost流砂quicksand软弱地基soft ground强夯法dynamic consolidation预压法preloading method反压护道loading berm砂井sand drain路基砂垫层sand mat of subgrade压实compaction压实度degree of compaction(标准)最大干容重maximum dry unit weight相对密实度relative density毛细水capillary water土石方爆破blasting procedure抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock爆破漏斗blasting crater松动爆破blasting for loosening rock 爆破作用圈acting circles of blasting路面pavement弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayer theory (回弹)弯沉deflection加州承载比(CBR)California bearing ratio,(CBR)路面宽度width of pavement路槽road trough刚性路面rigid pavement柔性路面flexible pavement路面结构层pavement structure layer面层surface course磨耗层wearing course联结层binder course基层base course垫层bed course隔水层aquitard隔温层thermal insulating course封层seal coat透层prime coat保护层protection course补强层strengthening layer高级路面high type pavement次高级路面sub-high type pavement中级路面intermediate type pavement低级路面low type pavement水泥混凝土路面cement concrete pavement沥青路面bituminous pavement沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete pavement 沥青碎石路面bituminous macadam pavement沥青贯入碎(砾)石路面bituminous penetration pavement沥青表面处治bituminous surface treatment 块料路面block pavement石块路面stone block pavement泥结碎石路面clay-bound macadam pavement水结碎石路面water-bound macadam pavement 级配路面graded aggregate pavement稳定土基层stabilized soil base course工业废渣基层industrial waste base course 块石基层Telford base层铺法spreading in layers拌和法mixing method厂拌法plant mixing method路拌法road mixing method热拌法hot mixing method冷拌法cold mixing method热铺法hot laid method冷铺法cold laid method贯入法penetration method铺砌法pitching method缩缝contraction joint胀缝expansion joint真缝true joint假缝dummy joint横缝transverse joint纵缝longitudinal joint施工缝construction joint传力杆dowel bar拉杆tie bar路面平整度surface evenness路面粗糙度surface roughness路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of pavement附着力adhesive force水滑现象hydroplaning phenomenon桥梁bridge公路桥highway bridge公铁两用桥highway and rail transit bridge 人行桥pedestrian bridge跨线桥overpass bridge高架桥viaduct永久性桥permanent bridge半永久性桥semi-permanent bridge临时性桥temporary bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge 钢桥steel bridge圬工桥masonry bridge木桥timber bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge弯桥curved bridge坡桥bridge on slope斜桥skew bridge正桥right bridge上承式桥deck bridge中承式桥half-through bridge下承式桥through bridge梁桥beam bridge简支梁桥simple supported beam bridge连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge联合梁桥composite beam bridge板桥slab bridge拱桥arch bridge 双曲拱桥two-way curved arch bridge空腹拱桥open spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥filled spandrel arch bridge系杆拱桥bowstring arch bridge桁架桥truss bridge刚构桥rigid frame bridgeT形刚构桥T-shaped rigid frame bridge连续刚构桥continuous rigid frame bridge斜腿刚构桥rigid frame bridge with inclined legs斜拉桥(斜张桥)cable stayed bridge悬索桥suspension bridge漫水桥submersible bridge浮桥pontoon bridge开启桥movable bridge装配式桥fabricated bridge装拆式钢桥fabricated steel bridge涵洞culvert管涵pipe culvert拱涵arch culvert箱涵box culvert盖板涵slab culvert无压力式涵洞non-pressure culvert压力式涵洞pressure culvert半压力式涵洞partial pressure culvert倒虹吸涵siphon culvert上部结构superstructure主梁main beam横梁floor beam纵梁longitudinal beam, stringer挂梁suspended beam拱圈archring拱上结构spandrel structure腹拱spandrel arch拱上侧墙spandrel wall桥面系floor system, bridge decking桥面铺装bridge deck pavement伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint桥面伸缩装置bridge floor expansion and contraction installation安全带safety belt桥头搭板transition slab at bridge head下部结构substructure桥墩pier墩身pier body墩帽coping盖梁bent cap破冰体ice apron重力式桥墩gravity pier实体桥墩solid pier空心桥墩hollow pier柱式桥墩column pier排架桩墩pile bent pier柔性墩flexible pier制动墩braking pier单向推力墩single direction thrusted pier 桥台abutment台身abutment body前墙front wall翼墙wing walls台帽coping锥坡conical slope耳墙wing wallsU形桥台U-shaped abutment八字形桥台flare wing wall abutment一字形桥台head wall abutment, straight abutment重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment扶壁式桥台counterforted abutment锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment支撑式桥台supported type abutment地基subsoil加固地基consolidated subsoil天然地基natural subsoil基础foundation扩大基础spread foundation沉井基础open caisson foundation管柱基础cylindrical shaft foundation桩基础pile foundation桩pile预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile摩擦桩friction pile支承桩bearing pile承台bearing platform支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expansion bearing索塔cable bent tower索鞍cable saddle调治构造物regulating structure丁坝spur dike顺坝longitudinal dam桥位bridge site桥梁全长total length of bridge 主桥main bridge引桥approach span跨径span桥涵计算跨径computed span桥涵净跨径clear span矢跨比rise span ratio计算矢高calculated rise of arch桥下净空clearance of span桥面净空clearance above bridge floor桥梁建筑高度construction height of bridge 荷载load永久荷载permanent load可变荷载variable load偶然荷载accidental load荷载组合loading combinations车辆荷载标准loading standard for design vehicle设计荷载design load施工荷载construction load梁beam简支梁simple-supported beam连续梁continuous beam悬臂梁cantilever beam板slab拱arch桁架truss刚构rigid frame柱column强度strength刚度stiffness rigidity抗裂度crack resistance稳定性stability位移displacement变形deformation挠度deflection预拱度camber流域catchment basin集水面积runoff area径流runoff水文测验hydrological survey河床river bed河槽river channel主槽main channel边滩side shoal河滩flood land河床宽度bed width河槽宽度channel width过水断面discharge section水位water level最高(或最低)水位maximum (minimum)water level通航水位navigable water level设计水位design water lever水面比降water surface slope河床比降gradient of river bed湿周wetted perimeter糙率coefficient of roughness水力半径hydraulic radius水文计算hydrological computation设计流量designed discharge设计流速designed flow velocity行近流速approach velocity洪水调查flood survey洪水频率flood frequency设计洪水频率designed flood frequency潮汐河流tidal river悬移质suspended load推移质bed material load水力计算hydraulic computation水头water head冲刷scour桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge桥墩(或台)局部冲刷local scour near pier自然演变冲刷natural scour冲刷系数coefficient of scouring淤积silting壅水back water流冰ice drift先张法pretensioning method后张法post-tensioning method缆索吊装法erection with cableway悬臂拼装法erection by protrusion悬臂浇筑法cast-in-place cantilever method 移动支架逐跨施工法span by span method纵向拖拉法erection by longitudinal pulling method顶推法incremental launching method转体架桥法construction by swing浮运架桥法erecting by floating顶入法jack-in method围堰cofferdam护筒pile casing隧道tunnel洞门tunnel portal衬砌tunnel lining明洞open cut tunnel 围岩surrounding rock隧道建筑限界structural approach limit of tunnels明挖法open cut method矿山法mine tunnelling method盾构法shield tunnelling method沉埋法(沉管法)immersed tunnel导坑heading隧道支撑tunnel support构件支撑element support喷锚支护lock bolt support with shotcrete 隧道通风tunnel ventilation隧道照明tunnel lighting养护maintenance定期养护periodical maintenance巡回养护patrol maintenance大中修周期maintenance period小修保养routine maintenance中修intermediate maintenance大修heavy maintenance改善工程road improvement抢修emergency repair of road加固strengthening of structure回砂sand sweeping罩面overlay of pavement路面翻修pavement recapping路面补强pavement strengthening车辙rutting路面搓板surface corrugation路面网裂net-shaped cracking路面龟裂alligator cracking路面碎裂pavement spalling反射裂缝reflection crack路面坑槽pot holes路面冻胀surface frost heave路面沉陷pavement depression路面滑溜surface slipperiness露骨surface angularity啃边edge failure泛油bleeding拥包upheaval拱胀blow up错台faulting of slab ends错法slab staggering滑坡slide坍方land slide崩塌collapse碎落debris avalanche沉降settlement沉陷subsidence泥石流mud avalanche(振动)液化liquefaction翻浆frost boiling岩溶karst沙害sand hazard雪害snow hazard水毁washout好路率rate of good roads养护质量综合值general rating of maintenance quality路容road appearance路况road condition路况调查road condition survey路政管理road administration民工建勤civilian labourers working on public project养路费toll of road maintenance养路道班maintenance gang粒料granular material集料(骨料)aggregate矿料mineral aggregate矿粉mineral powder砂sand砾石gravel砂砾sand gravel卵石cobble stone碎石broken stone, crushed stone片石rubble块石block stone料石dressed stone石屑chip工业废渣industrial solid waste结合料binder有机结合料organic binding agent沥青bitumen地沥青asphalt天然沥青natural asphalt石油沥青petroleum asphalt煤沥青coal tar乳化沥青emulsified bitumen氧化沥青oxidized asphalt路用沥青road bitumen有机结合料inorganic binding agent粉煤灰fly ash混合料mixture沥青混合料bituminous mixture 沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete mixture 沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam mixture 沥青砂asphalt sand沥青膏asphalt mastic水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete mixture水泥混凝土cement concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete预应力(钢筋)混凝土prestressed concrete早强混凝土early strength concrete干硬性混凝土dry concrete贫混凝土lean concrete轻质混凝土light-weight concrete纤维混凝土fibrous concrete外掺剂admixture减水剂water reducing agent加气剂air entraining agent早强剂early strength agent缓凝剂retarder钢筋steel bar预应力钢材prestressing steel高强钢丝high tensile steel wire钢铰线stranded steel wire冷拉钢筋cold-stretched steel bar冷拔钢丝cold-drawn steel wire高强螺栓high strength bolt空隙率porosity孔隙比void ratio粒径grain size颗粒组成grain composition细度fineness筛分sieve analysis级配gradation级配曲线grading curve最佳级配optimum gradation含水量water content最佳含水量optimum water content稠度界限consistency limit液限liquid limit塑限plastic limit缩限shrinkage limit塑性指数plasticity index水泥标号cement mark水泥混凝土标号cement concrete mark水泥混凝土配合比proportioning of cement concrete水灰比water cement ratio和易性workability坍落度slump硬化hardening水硬性hydraulicity气硬性air hardening离析segregation徐变creep老化ageing(沥青)稠度consistency(of bitumen)针入度penetration粘(滞)度viscosity软化点softening point延度ductility闪点flash point溶解度dissolubility热稳性hot stability水稳性water stability油石化asphalt-aggregate ratio含油率bitumen content压碎率rate of crushing磨耗度abrasiveness弹性模量modulus of elasticity回弹模量modulus of resilience劲度(模量)stiffness modulus模量比modulus ratio泊松比Poisson's ratio疲劳试验fatigue test劈裂试验splitting test三轴试验triaxial test击实试验compaction test触探试验cone penetration test弯沉试验deflection test环道试验circular track test承载板试验loading plate test透水性试验perviousness test车辙试验wheel tracking test马歇尔试验Marshall stability test压实度试验compactness test铺砂法sand patch method硬练胶砂强度试验earth-dry mortar strengthtest软练胶砂强度试验plastic mortar strengthtest (水泥)安定性试验soundness test(of cement) 击实仪compaction test equipment长杆贯入仪penetration test equipment承载板loading plate杠杆弯沉仪beam lever deflectometer路面曲率半径测定仪surface-curvature apparatus路面平整度测定仪viameter路面透水度测定仪surface permeameter五轮仪fifth-wheel tester制动仪skiddometer速度检测器speed detector万能试验机universal testing machine三轴(剪切)仪triaxial shear equipment加州承载比(CBR)测定仪California bearing ratiotester标准筛standard sieves(沥青)针入度仪penetrometer(沥青)粘度仪viscosimeter(沥青)延度仪ductilometer(沥青)软化点仪(环-球法)softening point tester(ring-ball method)闪点仪(开口杯式)flash point tester (open cup method)马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability apparatus (沥青混合料)抽提仪bitumen extractor砂浆稠度仪mortar penetration tester坍落度圆锥筒slump cone标准工业粘度计standard concrete consistometer饱和面干吸水率试模saturated-surface-dried moisture retention tester撞击韧度试验机impact toughness machine圆盘耐磨硬度试验机wear hardness machine狄法尔磨耗试验机Deval abrasion testing machine洛杉矶磨耗试验机Los Angeles abrasion testing machine压碎率试模crushing strength tester单斗挖掘机single-bucket excavator推土机bulldozer除根机rootdozer铲运机scraper平地机grader挖沟机trencher耕耘机cultivator松土机ripper松土搅拌机pulvi-mixer稳定土拌和机stabilizer凿岩机rock breaker碎石机stone crusher碎石撒布机stone spreader装载机loader羊足压路机sheep-foot roller手扶式单轮压路机walk behind single drum蛙式打夯机frog rammer内燃夯实机internal combustion compactor铁夯(铁撞柱)tamping iron压路机roller振动压路机vibratory roller沥青加热器asphalt heater沥青泵asphalt pump沥青洒布机asphalt sprayer沥青洒布车asphalt distributor沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt paver散装水泥运输车cement deliver truck水泥混凝土混合料拌和设备concrete mixing plant(水泥混凝土混合料)搅拌concrete deliver truck运输车水泥混凝土混合料摊铺机concrete paver振捣器concrete vibrator水泥混凝土混合料整面机concrete finisher真空泵vacuum pump水泥混凝土路面切缝机concrete joint cutter 水泥混凝土路面锯缝机concrete saw水泥混凝土路面清缝机concrete joint cleaner 水泥混凝土路面填缝机concrete joint sealer 水泵pump泥浆泵mud pump张拉钢筋油泵prestressed steel bar drawing oil pump砂浆泵mortar pump水泥混凝土混合料泵concrete pump钢筋切断机bar shear钢筋冷轧机cold-rolling mill钢筋冷拉机steel stretcher钢筋冷拔机steel bar cold-extruding machine 钢筋冷镦机steel bar heading press machine 钢筋拉伸机steel extension machine钢筋弯曲机steel bar bender钢筋调直机steel straighten machine对焊机butt welder钻孔机boring machine打桩机pile driver拔桩机pile extractor千斤顶jack张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶prestressed steel bar drawing jack手拉葫芦chain block 起重葫芦hoisting block卷扬机hoister缆索吊装设备cableway erecting equipment起重机crane架桥机bridge erection equipment砂筒sand cylinder盾构shield全气压盾构compressed air shield半盾构roof shield隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine全断面隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine for full section喷枪shotcrete equipment装碴机mucker盾构千斤顶main jack拉合千斤顶pull-in jacks复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer路面铣削机pavemill回砂车sand sweeping equipment除雪机snow plough装雪机snow Loader洗净剂喷布车detergent spray truck清扫车sweeper洒水车water truck划标线机Line maker振动筛vibrating screen撒布机spreader输送机conveyer提升机elevator翻斗车dump-body car自卸汽车dumping wagon牵引车tow truck拖车头tractor truck挂车trailer平板车flat truck工程车shop truck万能杆件fabricated universal steel members 交通规则traffic rules交通事故traffic accident交通事故率traffic accident rate人口事故率population accident rate车辆事故率vehicle accident rate运行事故率operating accident rate交通控制traffic control中央控制台central control unit点控制spot control线控制line control面控制area control交通信号traffic signal交通信号灯traffic signal lamp信号周期signal cycle绿信比split ratio信号相位signal phase相位差phase difference绿波green wave交通监视系统traffic surveillance 交通公害vehicular pollution 英汉术语对照索引abrasiveness磨耗度absolute datum绝对基面abutment桥台abutment pier制动墩acceleration lane加速车道accidental load偶然荷载accommodation lane专用车道acoustic barrier隔音墙acting circles of blasting爆破作用圈 additional stake加桩adjacent curve in one direction同向曲线 admixture外加剂adverse grade for safety反坡安全线aerial photogrammetry航空摄影测量 aerophoto base航摄基线aerophoto interpretation航摄像片判读 ageing老化aggregate集料(骨料)air hardening气硬性alignment design(城市道路)平面设计，线形设计alignment element线形要素alligator cracking路面龟裂allowable rebound deflection容许(回弹)弯沉 alternative line比较线anchored bulkhead abutment锚锭板式桥台 anchored bulkhead retaining wall锚锭板式挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods锚杆式挡土墙anionic emulsified bitumen阴离子乳化沥青 annual average daily traffic年平均日交通量 anti-creep heap(厂矿道路)挡车堆anti-dizzling screen防炫屏(遮光栅)antiskid heap(厂矿道路)防滑堆approach span引桥aquitard隔水层arch bridge拱桥arch culvert拱涵arch ring拱圈arterial highway干线公路arterial road(厂内)主干道，(城市)主干路 asphalt distributor沥青洒布车asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料拌和设备 asphalt paver沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer复拌沥青混合料摊铺机 asphalt sand沥青砂asphalt sprayer沥青洒布机asphaltic bitumen地沥青at-grade intersection平面交叉auxiliary lane附加车道average consistency(of soil)(土的)平均稠度 average gradient平均纵坡azimuth angle方位角balance weight retaining wall衡重式挡土墙 base course基层base line基线basic traffic capacity基本通行能力beam bridge梁桥beam level deflectometer杠杆弯沉仪bearing支座bearing angle象限角bearing pile支承桩bearing platform承台bed course垫层bench mark水准点benched subgrade台口式路基bending strength抗弯强度Benkelman beam杠杆弯沉仪(贝克曼弯沉仪) bent cap盖梁berm护坡道binder结合料binder course联结层bitumell沥青bitumen extractor(沥青混合料)抽提仪 bitumen-aggregate ratio油石比bituminous concrete mixture沥青混凝土混合料 bituminous concrete pavement沥青混凝土路面 bituminous macadam mixture沥青碎石混合料 bituminous macadam pavement沥青碎石路面 bituminous mixture沥青混合料bituminous pavement沥青路面bituminous penetration pavement沥青贯入式路面bituminous surface treatment(沥青)表面处治 blasting crater爆破漏斗blasting for loosening rock松动爆破 blasting for throwing rock抛掷爆破blasting procedure土石方爆破bleeding泛油blind ditch盲沟blind drain盲沟block pavement块为路面block stone块石blow up拱胀boring钻探boring log(道路)地质柱状图boring machine钻孔机borrow earth借土borrow pit取土坑boundary frame on crossing道口限界架 boundary frame on road道路限界架boundary line of road construction道路建筑限界bowstring arch bridge系杆拱桥box culvert箱涵branch pipe of inlet雨水口支管branch road(城市)支路，(厂内)支道bridge桥梁bridge decking桥面系bridge deck pavement桥面铺装bridge floor expantion and contraction installation桥面伸缩装置bridge girder erection equipment架桥机 bridge on slope坡桥bridge site桥位bridge road驮道broken chainage断链broken stone碎石broken back curve断背曲线buried abutment埋置式桥台bus bay公交(车辆)停靠站bypass公交绕行公路cable bent tower索塔cable saddle索鞍cable stayed bridge斜拉桥(斜张桥) cableway erecting equipment缆索吊装设备 california bearing ratio(CBR)加州承载比(CBR)california bearing ratio tester加州承载比(CBR)测定仪camber curve路拱曲线cantilever beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever retaining wall悬臂式挡土墙 capacity of intersection交叉口通行能力 capacity of network路网通行能力capillary water毛细水carriage way车行道(行车道)cast-in-place cantilever method悬臂浇筑法 cationic emulsified bitumen阳离子乳化沥青 cattle-pass畜力车道cement concrete水泥混凝土cement concrete mixture水泥混凝土混合料 cement concrete pavement水泥混凝土路面center-island中心岛center lane中间车道center line of road道路中线center line survey中线测量center stake中桩central reserve分隔带channelization渠化交通channelization island导流岛channelized intersection分道转弯式交叉口 chip石屑chute急流槽circular curve圆曲线circular road环路circular test环道试验city road城市道路civil engineering fabric土工织物classified highway等级公路classified road等级道路clay-bound macadam泥结碎石路面clearance净空clearance above bridge floor桥面净空 clearance of span桥下净空climatic zoning for highway公路自然区划 climbing lane爬坡车道cloverleaf interchange苜蓿叶形立体交叉 coal tar煤沥青cobble stone卵石coefficient of scouring冲刷系数cohesive soil粘性土cold laid method冷铺法cold mixing method冷拌法cold-stretched steel bar冷拉钢筋column pier柱式墩combination-type road system混合式道路系统 compaction压实compaction test击实试验compaction test apparatus击实仪 compactness test压实度试验composite beam bridge联合梁桥composite pipe line综合管道(综合管廊) compound curve复曲线concave vertical curve凹形竖曲线concrete joint cleaner(水泥混凝土)路面清缝机concrete joint sealer(水泥混凝土)路面填缝机 concrete mixing plant水泥混凝土(混合料)拌和设备concrete paver水泥混凝土(混合料)摊铺机 concrete pump水泥混凝土(混合料)泵concrete saw(水泥混凝土)路面锯缝机cone penetration test触探试验conflict point冲突点conical slope锥坡consistency limit(of soil)(土的)稠度界限 consolidated subsoil加固地基consolidation固结construction by swing转体架桥法 construction height of bridge桥梁建筑高度 construction joint施工缝construction load施工荷载construction survey施工测量continuous beam bridge连续梁桥contour line等高线contraction joint缩缝control point路线控制点converging合流convex vertical curve凸形竖曲线corduroy road木排道counterfort retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙 counterfort abutment扶壁式桥台country road乡村道路county road县公路(县道)，乡道creep徐变critical speed临界速度cross roads十字形交叉cross slope横坡cross walk人行横道cross-sectional profile横断面图cross-sectional survey横断面测量crown路拱crushed stone碎石crushing strength压碎值culture地物culvert涵洞curb路缘石curb side strip路侧带curve length曲线长curve widening平曲线加宽curved bridge弯桥cut挖方 cut corner for sight line(路口)截角cut-fill transition土方调配cut-fill transition program土方调配图 cutting路堑cycle path自行车道cycle track自行车道deceleration lane减速车道deck bridge上承式桥deflection angle偏角deflection test弯沉试验degree of compaction压实度delay延误density of road network道路(网)密度depth of tunnel隧道埋深design elevation of subgrade路基设计高程 design frequency(排水)设计重现期design hourly volume设计小时交通量design of elevation(城市道路)竖向设计 design of vertical alignment纵断面设计 design speed计算行车速度(设计车速)design traffic capacity设计通行能力design vehicle设计车辆design water level设计水位designed elevation设计高程designed flood frequency设计洪水频率 dislicking treatment防滑处理Deval abrasion testing machine狄法尔磨耗试验机(双筒式磨耗试验机)diamond interchange菱形立体交叉differential photo微分法测图direction angle方向角directional interchange方向式立体交叉 diverging分流dowel bar传力杆drain opening泄水口drainage by pumping station(立体交叉)泵站排水drainage ditch排水沟dressed stone料石drop water跌水dry concrete干硬性混凝土ductility(of bitumen)(沥青)延度 ductilometer(沥青)延度仪dummy joint假缝dynamic consolidation强夯法economic speed经济车速economical hauling distance土方调配经济运距 element support构件支撑elevation高程(标高)embankment路堤emergency parking strip紧急停车带 emulsified bitumen乳化沥青erecting by floating浮运架桥法erection by longitudinal pulling method纵向拖拉法erection by protrusion悬臂拼装法erection with cableway缆索吊装法 evaporation pond蒸发池expansion bearing活动支座expansive soil膨胀土expantion joint胀缝expressway(城市)快速路; 高速道（公）路 external distance外(矢)距fabricated bridge装配式桥fabricated steel bridge装拆式钢桥 factories and mines road厂矿道路factory external transportation line对外道路factory-in road厂内道路factory-out road厂外道路fast lane内侧车道faulting of slab ends错台feeder highway支线公路ferry渡口fibrous concrete纤维混凝土field of vision视野fill填方filled spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥final survey竣工测量fineness细度fineness modulus细度模数fixed bearing固定支座flare wing wall abutment八字形桥台flared intersection拓宽路口式交叉口flash point闪点flash point tester(open cup method)闪点仪(开口杯式)flexible pavement柔性路面flexibie pier柔性墩floor system桥面系flush curb平缘石foot way人道道ford过水路面forest highway林区公路forest road林区道路foundation基础 free style road system自由式道路系统 freeway高速公路free-flow speed自由车速freeze road冻板道路freezing and thawing test冻融试验frost boiling翻浆frozen soil冻土full depth asphalt pavement全厚式沥青(混凝土)路面function planting功能栽植general scour under bridge opening桥下一般冲刷geological section(道路)地质剖面图 geotextile土工织物gradation级配gradation of stone(路用)石料等级grade change point变坡点grade compensation纵坡折减grade crossing平面交叉grade length limitation坡长限制grade of side slope边坡坡度grade separation简单立体交叉grade-separated junction立体交叉graded aggregate pavement级配路面grader平地机grain composition颗粒组成granular material粒料gravel砾石gravity pier(abutment)重力式墩、台gravity retaining wall重力式挡土墙green belt绿化带gridiron road system棋盘式道路系统 ground control-point survey地面控制点测量 ground elevation地面高程ground stereophotogrammetry地面立体摄影测量guard post标柱guard rail护栏guard wall护墙gully雨水口gutter街沟(偏沟)gutter apron平石gutter drainage渠道排水half-through bridge中承式桥hard shoulder硬路肩hardening硬化hardness硬度haul road运材道路。
道路工程术语(中英对照)
编制说明本规范是根据国家计委计综〔1985〕1号文的要求，由交通部公路规划设计院主编,会同北京市市政设计院、上海市市政工程研究所、黑龙江省林业设计研究院等单位共同编制的。
本标准在编制过程中，做了大量调查研究工作，查阅了国内外有关标准、规范、词典以及教科书等，从选定词目、编写定义到编出送审稿先后召开过多次会议，广泛征求了意见，经反复讨论修改，最后由我部会同有关部门审查定稿。
本标准包括公路、城市道路、厂矿道路，林区道路等四个方面的术语，共收入词目837条，按章节编排分为13章。
鉴于本标准系初次编制，在施行过程中，请各单位结合实际，认真总结经验，注意积累资料，如发现需要修改和补充之外，请将意见和资料寄送交通部公路规划设计院(北京市东四前炒面胡同)，以便今后修订时参考。
交通部1988年3月第一章总则第1.0.1条为统一公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路工程的术语及其释义，实现专业术语的标准化，以利于国内外技术交流，促进我国道路工程建设事业的发展，特制订本标准。
第1.0.2条本标准适用于道路的设计、施工、科研、养护等方面。
第1.0.3条本标准主要选取道路工程中的常用术语，其他有关专业的术语，应遵守其他有关标准的规定。
第二章道路第一节一般规定第2.1.1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第2.1.2条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.3条城市道路city road；urban road在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.4条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路。
第2.1.5条林区道路forest road建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.6条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
公路道路工程术语-CH-EN双语对照-Excel电子表格
(边)坡顶top of slope(边)坡脚toe of slope(标准)最大干密度maximum dry unit weight(标准)最大干容重maximum dry unit weight(厂矿道路)挡车堆anti-creep heap(厂矿道路)防滑堆antiskid heap(厂矿道路)阻车堤stopping truck heap(厂内)次干道，(城市)次干路secondary trunk road(厂内)主干道，(城市)主干路arterial road(城市)道路面积率road area ratio(城市)快速路expressway(城市)人均道路面积road area per citizen(城市)支路，(厂内)支道branch road(城市道路)平面设计plane design(城市道路)平面设计，线形设alignment design(城市道路)竖向设计design of elevation(道路)地质剖面图geological section(道路)地质柱状图boring log(道路)平面示意图plane sketch(道路)隧道tunnel(道路工程)方案图road project(道路工程)可行性研究road feasibility study(搁板式磨耗试验机)Machine(回弹)弯沉deflection(立体交叉)泵站排水drainage by Pumping station(沥青)表面处治bituminous surface treatment(沥青)稠度consistency (of bitumen)(沥青)热稳性hot stability (of bitumen)(沥青)溶解度solubility (of bitumen)(沥青)软化点softening point (of bitumen)(沥青)软化点仪(环-球法)softening point tester (ringball method) (沥青)软化点仪(环一球法)softening point tester (ring ball method) (沥青)延度ductility(of bitumen)(沥青)延度仪ductilometer(沥青)粘(滞)度viscosity (of bitumen)(沥青)粘度仪viscosimeter(沥青)针入度penetration (of bitumen)(沥青)针入度仪penetrometer(沥青混合料)抽提仪bitumen extractor(路基)最小填土高度minimum height of fill(路口)截角cut corner for sight line(路线)平面图plan(路线)平面图plan view(路线)纵断面图profile(路线)纵断面图vertical profile map(路用)工业废渣industrial solid waste(路用)石料等级gradation of stone(排水)设计重现期design frequency(平面)交叉口intersection(平面)交叉口road crossing(平曲线)横净距lateral clear distance of curve(水泥)安定性试验soundness test(of cement)(水泥混凝土)路面锯缝机concrete saw(水泥混凝土)路面清缝机concrete joint cleaner(水泥混凝土)路面填缝机concrete joint sealer(水泥混凝土混合料)搅拌运输concrete deliver truck(铁路)道口railroad grade crossing(土的)稠度界限consistency limit(of soil)(土的)平均稠度average consistency(of soil)(土的)相对含水量relative moisture content (of soil)(振动)液化liquefaction(锥形)块石基层Telford baseT形刚构桥T-shaped rigid frame bridgeT形交叉T intersectionU形桥台U-shaped abutmentY形交叉Y intersection安全带safety belt安全岛refuge island凹形竖曲线concave vertical curve八字形桥台flare wing wall abutment拔桩机pile extractor百米桩hectometer stake摆式仪portable pendulum tester板slab板桥slab bridge半盾构roof shield半刚性基层semi-rigid type base半填半挖式路基part cut-partfill subgrade半填半挖式路基part-put part-fill subgrade半压力式涵洞partial pressure culvert半压力式涵洞inlet submerged culvert半永久性桥semi-permanent bridge拌和法mixing method饱和面干吸水率试模saturated-surface-duied moisture retention tester 饱和土saturated soil保护层protection course保温护道thermal insulation berm暴雨强度intensity of rainstorm爆破漏斗blasting crater爆破作用圈acting circ les of blasting爆破作用圈acting circles of blasting崩塌collapse比较线alternative line边沟side ditch边坡side slope边坡平台plain stage of slope边坡坡度grade of side slope边滩side shoal变坡点grade change point变速车道speed-change lane变形deformation标柱guard post标准工业粘度计standard concrete consistometer标准筛standard sieves标准轴截standard axial loading泊松比Poisson's ratio泊松比Poisson' s ratio补强层streng thening layer补强层strengthening layer部分首蓿叶形立体交叉cloverleaf interchange糙率coefficient of roughuess侧向余宽lateral clearance测点observation point测站instrument station层铺法spreading in layers铲运机scraper长杆贯入仪penetration test equipment长杆贯入仪penetration test apparatus厂拌法plant mixing method厂矿道路factories and mines road厂内道路factory-in road厂外道路factory-out road超车车道overtaking lane超车视距passing sight distance超车视距overtaking sight distance超高superelevation超高缓和段supere levation runoff超高缓和段superelevation runoff潮汐河流tidal river车(辆)间净距vehicular gap车道lane车道宽度lane-width车间净距vehicular gap车辆荷载标准loading standard for design vchicle 车辆事故率vehicle accident rate车流Vehicle stream车流traffic stream车头间距space headway车头时距Time headway车行道(行车道)carriage way车辙rutting车辙试验wheel tracking test撤布机spreader沉降settlement沉井基础open caisson foundation沉埋法immersed tunnelling method沉埋法(沉管法)immersed tunnel沉陷subsidence衬砌tunnel lining衬砌runnel lining承台bearing platform承载板loading plate承载板试验loading plate test城市出入干道outlet inlet main road城市道路city road城市道路urban road冲刷scour冲刷系数coefficient of scouring冲突点conflict point稠度界限consistency limit出境交通outbound traffic出行trip初测preliminary survey除根机rootdozer除雪机snow plough触探试验cone penetration test传力杆dowel bar次高级路面sub-high type pavement错车道turn-out lane错车道passing bay错台faulting of slab ends错位slab staggering错位交叉offset intersection;staggered junction 错位交叉staggered junction打桩机pile driver大修heavy maintenance大中修周期maintenance period单斗挖掘机single-bucket excavator单向推力墩single direction thrusted pier单向匝道one-way ramp弹簧现象springing弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayer theory弹性模量modulus of elasticity挡土墙retaining wall导坑heading导流岛channe lization island导流岛channelization island导线traverse导线测量traverse survey倒虹涵siphon culvert倒虹吸涵siphon culvert道口railroad grade crossing道口铺面paved crossing道口限界架boundary frame on crossing道路Road道路(网)密度density of road network道路反光镜traffic mirror道路服务水平level of service道路工程road engineering道路技术标准technical standard of road道路建筑限界boundary line of road construction 道路交叉road intersection;道路交叉(路线交叉)road intersection道路交通标志road traffic sign道路交通规划traffic planning道路路线route of road道路绿化road planting道路网road network道路网规划road network planning道路线形road alignment道路限界架boundary frame on road道路照明设施lighting facilities of road道路中线center line of road道路轴线road axis等高线contour line等级道路classified road等级公路classified highway低级路面low type pavement狄法尔磨耗试验机Deval abrasion testing machineDeval abrasion testing machine狄法尔磨耗试验机(双筒式磨耗地表水surface water地点速度spot speed地基subsoil地沥青asphalt地沥青asphaltic bitumen地貌topographic fcature地貌topographic feature地面高程ground elevation地面控制点测量ground control-point survey地面立体摄影测量ground stereophoto grammetry地面立体摄影测量ground stereophotogrammetry地物culture地下水underground water地下水位underground water level地形topography地形测量topographic survey地形图topographic map点控制spot control点速度spot speed垫层bed course调治构造物regulating structure跌水drop water丁坝spur dike丁字形交叉(T形交叉)T intersection顶入法jack-in method顶推法incremental launching method定测location survey定期养护periodical maintenance定线location定线location of line定向式立体交叉directional interchange冻板道路freeze road冻融试验freezing and thawing test冻土frozen soil洞门tunnel portal渡口ferry断背曲线broken-back curve断背曲线broken back curve断链broken chainage断面渐变段transition zone of cross section对焊机butt welder对外道路factory external transportation line 墩帽coping墩身pier body盾构shield盾构(盾构挖掘机)shield盾构法shield tunneling method盾构法shield tunnelling method盾构千斤顶main jack多岔交叉multiple-leg intersection多年冻土permafrost耳墙wing walls翻斗车dump-body car翻浆frost boiling反光标志reflective sign反光路钮reflective button反坡安全线adverse grade for safety反射裂缝reflection crack反向曲线reverse curve反压护道loading berm泛油bleeding方位角azimuth angle方向角direction angle防护栅guard fence,safety barrier防护栅safety fence防滑处理deslicking treatment防沙设施sands protection facilities防沙设施sand protection facilities防炫屏(遮光栅)anti-dizzling screen防雪设施snow protection facilities分道转弯式交叉口channelized intersection分隔带lane seperator分隔带central reserve分隔带separator分隔设施separate facilities分隔式立体交叉interchange with special bicycle track分离式立体交叉simple grade separation,separate grade crossing 分离式行车道divided carriageway分流diverging粉煤灰fly ash粉性土silty soil封层seal coat扶壁式挡土墙counterfort retaining wall扶壁式桥台counterforted abutment扶壁式桥台counterfort abutment浮化沥青emulsified bitumen浮桥pontoon bridge浮运架桥法erecting by floating辐射式公路radial highway辅道relief road辅助标志auxiliary sign附加车道auxiliary lane附着力adhesive force复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer复曲线compound curve腹拱spandrel arch改善工程road inprovement改善工程road improvement盖板涵slab culvert盖梁bent cap干线公路arterial highway干线公路trunk highway干硬性混凝土dry concrete刚度stiffness,rigidity刚构rigid frame刚构桥rigid frame bridge刚性基层rigid-type base刚性路面rigid pavement钢铰线stranded steel wire钢筋steel bar钢筋调直机steel straighten machine钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土路面reinforced concrete pavement钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge钢筋拉伸机steel extension machine钢筋拉伸机steel extention machine钢筋冷拔机steel bar cold-extruding machine 钢筋冷镦机steel bar heading press machine 钢筋冷墩机steel bar heading press machine 钢筋冷拉机steel stretcher钢筋冷轧机cold-rolling mill钢筋切断机bar shear钢筋弯曲机steel bar bender钢桥steel bridge杠杆弯沉仪beam lever deflectometer杠杆弯沉仪beam level deflectometer杠杆弯沉仪(贝克曼弯沉仪)Benkelman beam高程elevation高程(标高)elevation高峰小时交通量peak hourly volume高级路面high type pavement高架桥Viaduct高强钢丝high tensile steel wire高强螺栓high strength bolt高速公路freeway高速公路free way高速公路motor way高原纵坡拆减highland grade compensation隔水层aquitard隔温层thermal insulating course隔温层thermal insulation course隔音墙acoustic barrier耕耘机cultivator工程车shop truck工业废渣industrial solid waste工业废渣基层industrial waste base course工业区道路industrial district road公交(车辆)停靠站bus bay公交(车辆)停靠站parking station公路highway公路等级highway classification公路工程highway engineering公路建筑限界clearance of highway公路交通规划traffic planning公路景观设计highway landscape design公路路线highway route公路桥highway bridge公路网highway network公路网密度highway density公路线形highway alignment公路用地highway right-of-way公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway公铁两用桥highway and rail transit bridge功能栽植function planting拱arch拱涵arch culvert拱桥arch bridge拱圈arch,ring拱圈arch ring拱上侧墙spandrel wall拱上结构spandrel structure拱胀blow up构件支撑element support固定支座fixed bearing固结consolidation挂车trailer挂粱suspended beam管道排水pipe drainage管涵pipe culvert管线综合设计under-ground pipes comprehensive design 管柱基础cylindrical shaft foundation贯入法penetration method国家干线公路(国道)national trunk highway过境交通through traffic过水断面discharge section过水路面ford含蜡量试验paraffin content test含水量water content含水量water contenl含油率bitumen content涵洞culvert航空摄影测量aerial photogrammetry航摄基线aerophoto base航摄像片判读aerophoto interpretation好路率rate of good roads合成坡度resultant gradent合成坡度resultant gradient合流converging和易性workability河槽river channel河槽宽度channel width河床river bed河床比降gradient of river bed河床宽度bed width河滩rlood land荷载load荷载组合loading combinations桁架truss桁架桥truss bridge横断面测量cross-sectional survey横断面图cross-section横断面图cross-sectional profile横缝transverse joint横梁floor beam横梁transverse beam横坡cross slope衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall红粘土red clay洪水调查flood survey洪水频率flood frequency后张法post-tensioning method互通式立体交叉interchange护栏guard fence护栏guard rail护林防火道路protection forest fire-proof road 护路林shelter belt护坡slope protection护坡道berm护墙guard wall护筒pile casing护桩reference stake滑坡slide划标线机Line maker环道试验circular track test环道试验circular test环路circular road环形辐射式道路系统ring and radial road system环形公路ring highway环形交叉rotary intersection环形交叉roundabout环形立体交叉rotary interchange环形匝道loop ramp缓和坡段transition grading zone缓和坡段transitional gradient缓和曲线transition curve缓凝剂retarder黄土loess回车道，回车场turnaround loop回弹模量modulus of resilience回弹弯沉rebound deflection回砂sand sweeping回砂车sand sweeping equipment回砂机sand sweeping equipment回填土back-filling回头曲线switch-back curve回头曲线reverse loop混合交通mixed traffic混合料mixture混合式道路系统combination-type road system活动支座expansion bearing活动支座expansion bearig击实试验compaction test击实仪compaction test equipment击实仪compaction test apparatus基本通行能力basic traffic capacity基层base course基础foundation基线base line级配gradation级配路面graded aggregate pavement级配曲线grading curve极限最小平曲线半径limited minimum radius of horizontal curve 急流槽chute集材道路skid road集料(骨料)aggregate集料剥落试验striping test for aggregate集水面积runoff area计算矢高calculated rise of arch计算行车速度(设计车速)design speed加固strengthening of structure加固地基consolidated subsoil加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall加宽缓和段transition zone of curve加宽缓和段transition zone of curve widening加宽转角式交叉口intersection with widened corners加铺转角式交叉口intersection with widened corners加气剂air entraining agent加速车道acceleration lane加州承载比(CBR)California bearing ratio (CBR)加州承载比(CBR)California bearing ratio(CBR)加州承载比(CBR)测定仪California bearing ratiotester加州承载比(CBR)测定仪California bearing ratio tester加桩additional stake架桥机bridge erection equipment架桥机bridge girder erection equipment假缝dummy joiut假缝dummy joint减水剂water reducing agent减速车道deceleration lane检查井manhole简单立体交叉grade separation简支梁simple-supported beam简支梁桥simple supported beam bridge交叉角，转角intersection angle交叉口road crossing;intersection交叉口出口intersection exit交叉口进口intersection entrance交叉口平面图intersection plan交叉口设计road crossing design交叉口通行能力capacity of intersection交点intersection point交通安全设施traffic safety device交通岛traffic island交通调查traffic survey交通发生traffic generation交通发生traffic gencration交通方式划分model split交通分布traffic distribution交通分配traffic assignment交通公害vehicular pollution交通广场traffic square交通规则traffic rules交通监视系统traffic surveillance交通结构traffic structure交通控制traffic control交通量traffic volume交通量调查traffic volume survey交通量分配traffic assignment交通量观测站traffic volume observation station 交通量预测traffic volume prognosis交通流Traffic flow交通流理论Traffic flow theory交通密度Traffic density交通事故traffic accident交通事故率traffic accident rate交通信号traffic signal交通信号灯traffic signal lamp交通预测traffic prognosis交通组成traffic composition交织weaving交织点weaving point交织路段weaving section郊区道路rural road焦油沥青tar街道street街道绿化street planting街道排水street drainage街沟(偏沟)gutter结合料binder截水沟intercepting ditch借土borrow earth紧急停车带emergency parking strip紧急停车带lay-by劲度stiffness modulus劲度(模量)stiffness modulus禁令标志regulatory sign经济车速economic speed警告标志warning sign净空clearance径流runoff境内交通local traffic就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile 居住区道路residentisl street卷扬机hoister绝对基面absolute datum竣工测量final survey开启桥movable bridge抗裂度crack resistance抗弯强度bending strength颗粒组成grain composition可变荷载variable load可变信息标志changeable message sign可能通行能力possible traffic capacity 可行性研究feasibility study啃边edge failure坑探pit test空腹拱桥open spandrel arch bridge 空间平均速度space mean speed空隙率porosity空心桥墩hollow pier孔隙比void ratio跨径span跨线桥overpass bridge块料路面block pavement块石block stone块石基层Telford base矿粉mineral powder矿料mineral aggregate矿山法mine tunnelling methed矿山法mine tunneling method扩大基础spread foundation拉杆tie bar拉合千斤顶pull-in jacks喇叭形立体交叉three-Leg interchange喇叭形立体交叉trumpet interchange缆索吊装法erection with cableway缆索吊装设备cableway erecting equipment老化ageing冷拔钢丝cold-drawn steel wire冷拌法cold mixing method冷拉钢筋cold-stretched steel bar冷铺法cold laid method离析segregation里程碑kilometer stone立体交叉grade separation立体交叉grade-separated junction立缘石(侧石)vertical curb沥青bitumen沥青bitume沥青泵asphalt pump沥青表面处治bituminous surface treatment沥青膏asphalt mastic沥青贯入式路面bituminous penetration pavement 沥青贯入碎(砾)石路面bituminous penetration pavement 沥青混合料bituminous mixture沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt paver沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete mixture沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete pavement沥青加热器asphalt heater沥青路面bituminous pavement沥青洒布车asphalt distributor沥青洒布机asphalt sprayer沥青砂asphalt sand沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam mixture沥青碎石路面bituminous macadam pavement砾石gravel粒径grain size粒料granular material连续刚构桥continuous rigid frame bridge 连续梁continuous beam连续梁桥continuous beam bridge联合梁桥composite beam bridge联结层binder course联络线，连接道路linking-up road梁桥beam bridge粱beam料石dressed stone林区道路forest road林区公路forest highway临界速度critical speed临界速度optimum speed临时性桥temporary bridge菱形立体交叉diamond interchange流冰ice drift流砂quicksand流域catchment basin露骨surface angularity露天矿山道路opencast mine road路拌法road mixing method路槽road trough路侧带curb side strip路侧人行道sidewalk路床road bed路堤embankment路幅road way路拱camber;crown路拱crown路拱横坡crown slope路拱曲线camber curve路基subgrade路基宽度width of subgrade路基排水subgrade drainage路基砂垫层sand mat of subgrade路基设计高程design elevation of subgrade 路肩shoulder;verge路肩shoulder路肩Verge路口视距sight distance of intersection 路况road condition路况调查road condition survey路面pavement路面板唧泥pavement slah pumping路面标线pavement marking路面补强pavement strengthening路面沉陷pavement depression路面粗糙度surface roughness路面搓板surface corrugation路面冻胀surface frost heave路面翻修pavement recapping路面龟裂alligator cracking路面滑溜surface slipperiness路面滑溜surface slipperinness路面结构层pavement structure layer路面坑槽pot holes路面宽度width of pavement路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of pavement路面平整度surface evenness路面平整度测定仪viameter路面平整度测定仪profilometer路面曲率半径测定仪surface-curvature apparatus路面松散revelling of pavement路面碎裂pavement spalling路面透水度测定仪surface permeameter路面网裂net-shaped cracking路面铣削机pavemill路面铣削机(刨路机)pavemill路堑cutting路容road appearance路网通行能力capacity of network路线控制点control point路向补强pavement strengthening路用沥青road bitumen路缘带marginal strip路缘石kerb;curb路缘石curb路政管理rlad administration绿波Green wave绿化带green belt绿篱hedge绿篱living fence绿信比split ratio卵石cobble stone洛杉矶磨耗试验机Los Angeles abrasion testingmachine洛杉矶磨耗试验机Los Angeles abrasion testing马歇尔试验Marshall stability test马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability apparatus埋置式桥台buried abutment漫水桥submersible bridge盲沟blind drain盲沟blind ditch毛细水capillary water锚碇板式挡土墙anchored bulkhead tetaining wall锚锭板式挡土墙anchored bulkhead retaining wall锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment锚杆式挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods煤沥青coal tar面层surface course面控制area control民工建勤civilian labourers working on public project 明洞open cut tunnel明挖法open cut method模量比modulus ratio摩擦桩friction pile磨耗层wearing course磨耗度abrasiveness木排道corduroy road木桥timber bridge苜蓿叶形立体交叉cloverleaf interchange内侧车道fast lane内燃夯实机internal combustion compactor挠度deflection泥浆泵mud pump泥结碎石路面clay-bound macadam pavement泥结碎石路面clay-bound macadam泥石流mud avalanche泥炭peat泥沼moor年第30位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annual hourly volume 年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic年最大小时交通量maximum annual hourly年最大小时交通量maximum annual hourly volume碾压式水泥混凝土rolled cement concrete偶然荷载accidental load爬坡车道climbing lane排架桩墩pile bent pier排水沟drainage ditch排水砂垫层sand mat of subgrade抛石riprap抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock喷锚支护lock bolt support with shotcrete喷枪shotcrete equipment膨胀土expansive soil劈裂试验splitting test疲劳试验fatigue test片石rubble偏角deflection angle贫混凝土lean concrete平板车flat truck平地机grader平均速度average speed平均纵坡average gradiant平均纵坡average gradient平面交叉at-grade intersection;grade crossing 平面交叉at-grade intersection平面交叉grade crossing平面线形horizontal alignment平曲线horizontal curve平曲线加宽curve widening平石gutter apron平原区plain terrain平缘石flush curb坡长限制grade length limitation坡桥bridge on slope破冰体ice apron铺砌法pitching method铺砂法sand patch method铺砂试验sand patch test棋盘式道路系统gridiron road system企口缝tongue and groove joint起迄点调查origin-destination study起迄点调查(OD调查)origin-destination study起重葫芦hoisting block起重机crane气硬性air hardening弃土waste弃土堆waste bank汽车最小转弯半径minimum turning radius千斤顶jack牵引车tow truck前墙front wall强度strength强夯法dynamic consolidation抢修emergency repair of road桥墩pier桥墩(或台)局部冲刷local scour near pier桥墩局部冲刷local scour near pier桥涵计算跨径computed span桥涵净跨径clear span桥梁bridge桥梁建筑高度construction height of bridge桥梁全长total length of bridge桥面净空clearance above bridge floor桥面铺装bridge deck pavement桥面伸缩装置bridge floor expansion and contraction installation 桥面伸缩装置bridge floor expantion and contraction installation 桥面系floor system,bridge decking桥面系bridge decking桥面系floor system桥台abutment桥头搭板transition slab at bridge head桥位bridge site桥下净空clearance of span桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge opening切线长tangent length轻质混凝土light-wehght concrete轻质混凝土light-weight concrete清扫车sweeper区间速度overall speed曲线长curve length渠道排水gutter drainage渠化交通channelization取土坑borrow pit全断面隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine for full section 全厚式沥青(混凝土)路面full depth asphalt pavement全能法测图universal photo全气压盾构compressed air shield绕行公路Bypass热拌法hot mixing method热铺法hot laid method热稳性hot stability人境交通inbound traffic人口事故率population accident rate人行道foot way人行道side walk人行地道pedestrian underpass人行横道crosswalk人行横道cross walk人行桥pedestrian bridge人行天桥pedestrian overcrossing容许(回弹)弯沉allowable rebound deflection溶解度dissolubility柔性墩flexible pier柔性路面flexible pavement乳化沥青emulsified bitumen软化点softening point软练胶砂强度试验软弱地基soft ground软土soft soil洒水车water truck三轴(剪切)仪triaxial shear equipment三轴试验triaxial test散装水泥运输车cement deliver truck沙害sand hazard砂sand砂浆泵mortar pump砂浆稠度仪mortar penetration tester砂井sand drain砂井sand drain(sand pile)砂砾sand gravel砂率sand ratio砂筒sand cylinder砂性土sandy soil砂桩sand pile筛分sieve analysis筛分sieveanatysis山脊线ridge line山岭区mountainous terrain山坡线hill-side line山坡线(山腰线)hill-side line闪点flash point闪点仪(开口杯式)flash point tester(open cup method)上拌下贯式(沥青)路面penetration macadam with coated chips 上部结构superstructure上承式桥deck bridge上跨铁路立体交叉overpass grade separation设计车辆design vehicle设计高程designed dlevation设计高程designed elevation设计荷载design load设计洪水频率designed flood frequency设计流量designed discharge设计流速designed flow velocity设计水位design water lever设计水位design water level设计通行能力design traffic capacity设计小时交通量design hourly volume摄影测量photogrammetry伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint渗水井seepage well生产干线productive arterial road生产支线productive branch road省干线公路(省道)provincial trunk highway省级干线公路(省道)provincial trunk highway施工测量construction survey施工缝construction joint施工荷载construction load湿周weffed perimeter十字形交叉#NAME?十字形交叉cross roads石灰砂浆lime mortar石灰桩lime pile石块路面stone block pavement石料裹覆试验stone coating test石料磨光值polished stone value石笼rock filled gabion石屑chip石油沥青petroleum asphalt石油沥青petroleum asphaltic bitumen时间平均速度time mean speed实腹拱桥filled spandrel arch bridge实体桥墩solid pier矢跨比rise span ratio视距sight distance视距三角形sight triangle视线sight line视野field of vision手扶式单轮压路机walk behind single drum手拉葫芦chain block首蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleaf interchange输送机conveyer竖曲线vertical curve双曲拱桥two-way curved arch bridge双向匝道two-way ramp水泵pump水滑现象hydroplaning phenomenon水灰比water cement ratio水毁washout水结碎石路面water-bound macadam pavement水结碎石路面water-bound macadam水力半径hydraulic radius水力计算hydraulic computation水面比降water surface slope水泥标号cement mark水泥混凝土cement concrete水泥混凝土(混合料)拌和设备concrete mixing plant水泥混凝土(混合料)泵concrete pump水泥混凝土(混合料)摊铺机concrete paver水泥混凝土标号cement concrete mark水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete mixture水泥混凝土混合料拌和设备concrete mixing plant水泥混凝土混合料泵concrete pump水泥混凝土混合料摊铺机concrete paver水泥混凝土混合料整面机concrete finisher水泥混凝土路面cement concrete pavement水泥混凝土路面锯缝机concrete saw水泥混凝土路面切缝机concrete joint cutter水泥混凝土路面清缝机concrete joint cleaner水泥混凝土路面填缝机concrete joint sealer水泥混凝土配合比proportioning of cement concrete 水泥砂浆cement mortar水头water head水位water level水文测验hydrological survey水文计算hydrological computation水稳性water stability水硬性hydraulicity水准测量levelling survey水准测量leveling survey水准点bench mark顺坝longitudinal dam松动爆破blasting for loosening rock松土机ripper松土搅拌机pulvi-mixer速度检测器speed detector塑限plastic limit塑性指数plasticity index碎落debris avalanche碎落台berm at the foot of cutting slope碎落台stage for heaping soil and broken rock 碎石broken stone,crushed stone碎石broken stone碎石crushed stone碎石机stone crusher碎石撒布机stone spreader隧道tunnel隧道建筑限界structural approach limit of tunnels 隧道建筑限界structural approach limit of tunnel隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine隧道埋深depth of tunnel隧道通风tunnel ventilation隧道照明tunnel lighting隧道支撑tunnel support缩缝contraction joint缩限shrinkage limit索鞍cable saddle索塔cable bent tower踏勘reconnaissance台地terrace台口式路基benched subgrade台帽coping台身abutment body坍方land slide坍落度slump坍落度圆锥筒slump cone特种车辆special vehicle提升机elevator天然地基natural subsoil天然沥青natural asphalt填方fill铁夯(铁撞柱)tamping iron停车场parking area停车场parking lot停车车道parking lane停车道parking lane停车视距non-passing sight distance,stopping sight distance 停车视距stopping sight distance通航水位navigable water level通行能力traffic capacity同粒径集料single-size aggregat同向曲线adjacent curve in one direction透层prime coat透水度试验perviousness test透水路堤permeable embankment透水性试验perviousness test凸形竖曲线convex vertical curve土方调配cut-fill transition土方调配经济运距economical hauling distance土方调配图cut-fill transition program土工织物civil engineering fabric土工织物geotextile土基干湿类型type of dry and damp soil base土石方爆破blasting procedure推土机bulldozer推移质bed material load拖车头tractor truck驮道bridle road拓宽路口式交叉口flared intersection挖方cut挖沟机trencher蛙式打夯机frog rammer外(矢)距external secant外(矢)距external distance外侧车道nearside lane外掺剂admixture外加剂admixture弯沉试验deflection test弯道反光镜traffic mirror弯道加宽curve widening弯桥curved bridge万能杆件fabricated universal steel members万能试验机universal testing machine微分法测图differential photo微丘区rolling terrain微形环交mini-roundabout围岩surrounding rork围岩surrounding rock围堰cofferdam位移displacement稳定土拌和机stabilizer稳定土基层stabilized soil base course稳定性stability圬工桥masonry bridge无机结合料inorganic binding agent无机结合料inorganic binder无压力式涵洞non-pressure culvert无压力式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert五轮仪fifth-wheel tester洗净剂喷布车detergent spray truck系杆拱桥bowstring arch bridge细度fineness细度模数fineness modulus下部结构substructure下承式桥through bridge下穿铁路立体交叉underpass grade separalion先张法pretensioning method纤维混凝土fibrous concrete县公路(县道)county road县公路(县道)，乡道county road线控制line control线形设计hignway alignment design线形要素alignment elements线形要素alignment element乡村道路country road乡公路(乡道)township road相对密实度relative density相位差phase difference箱涵box culvert象限角bearing象限角bearing angle像片索引图(镶辑复照图)photo index像片镶嵌图photo mosaic小修保养routine maintenance斜交叉skew intersection斜交桥skew bridge斜拉桥(斜张桥)cable stayed bridge斜桥skew bridge斜腿刚构桥rigid frame bridge with inclined legs 泄水口drain opening新奥法New Austrian Tunneling Method信号相位signal phase信号周期signal cycle行车道carriageway行道树street trees行近流速approach velocity行驶速度running speed虚交点imaginary intersection point。
地面道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准第2.1.1条道路供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第2.1.2条公路联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.3条城市道路；在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.4条厂矿道路主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路。
第2.1.5条林区道路建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.6条乡村道路建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.7条道路工程以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2.1.8条道路网在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第2.1.9条道路(网)密度在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2.1.10条道路技术标准根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2.1.11条设计车辆道路设计所采用的汽车车型，以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2.1.12条特种车辆外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第2.1.13条计算行车速度(设计车速)道路几何设计(包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等)所采用的行车速度。
第2.1.14条道路建筑限界为保证车辆和行人正常通行，规定在道路的一定宽度和高度范围内不允许有任何设施及障碍物侵入的空间范围。
第2.1.15条净空道路上无任何障碍物侵入的空间范围。
其高度称净高，其宽度称净宽。
第2.1.16条等级道路技术条件和设施符合道路技术标准的道路。
第2.1.17条辅道设在道路的一侧或两侧，供不允许驶入或准备由出入口驶入该道路的车辆或拖拉机等行驶的道路。
第二节公路第2.2.1条高速公路；具有四个或四个以上车道，设有中央分隔带，全部立体交叉并全部控制出入的专供汽车高速行驶的公路。
道路术语中英文对照
中英术语对照公路highway 道路road 公路工程highway engineering 公路网highway network 公路网密度highway density 公路等级highway classification 公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway 公路用地highway right-of-way 高速公路freeway expressway 等级公路classified highway 辅道relief road 干线公路arterial highway 支线公路feeder highway 专用公路accommodation highway 国家干线公路国道national trunk highway 省级干线公路国道provincial trunk highway 县公路县道county road 乡公路乡道township road 辐射式公路radial highway 环形公路ring highway 绕行公路bypass 交通结构traffic structure 交通组成traffic composition 混合交通mixed traffic 交通流traffic flow 交通流理论traffic flow theory 车流vehicle stream 交通密度traffic density 车头间距space headway 车头时距time headway 车间净距vehicular gap 延误delay 地点速度spot speed 行驶速度running speed 运行速度operating speed 临界速度critical speed 平均速度average speed 计算行车速度设计车速design speed 交通量traffic volume 年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic 月平均日交通量monthly average daily traffic 年第30位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annual hourly volume 年最大小时交通量maximum annual hourly 设计小时交通量design hourly volume 通行能力traffic capacity 基本通行能力basic traffic capacity 可能通行能力possible traffic capacity 设计通行能力design traffic capacity 道路服务水平level of service 公路交通规划traffic planning 交通调查traffic survey 交通量调查traffic volume survey 交通量观测站traffic volume observation station 起迄点调查OD 调查origin-destination study 出行trip 境内交通local traffic 过境交通through traffic 交通发生traffic generation 交通分布traffic distribution 交通分配traffic assignment 交通预测traffic prognosis 行车道carriageway 分离式行车道divided carriageway 车道lane 变速车道speed-change lane 加速车道acceleration lane 减速车道deceleration lane 爬坡车道climbing lane 停车道parking lane 错车道turn-out lane 自行车道cycle path 路侧人行道sidewalk 分隔带lane separator 中央分隔带median divider 中间带central strip 路肩shoulderverge 路缘带marginal strip 路缘石kerbcurb 侧向余宽lateral clearance 路拱cambercrown 路拱横坡crown slope 公路建筑限界clearance of highway 公路路线highway route 公路线形highway alignment 平面线形horizontal alignment 纵面线形vertical alignment 线形要素alignment elements 平曲线horizontal curve 极限最小平曲线半径limited minimum radius of horizontal curve 复曲线compound curve 反向曲线reverse curve 断背曲线broken-back curve 回头曲线switch-back curve 缓和曲线transition curve 竖曲线vertical curve 弯道加宽curve widening 加宽缓和段transition zone of curve 超高superelevation 超高缓和段superelevation runoff 纵坡longitudinal gradient 最大纵坡maximum longitudinal gradient 最小纵坡minimum longitudinal gradient 变坡点grade change point 平均纵坡average gradiant 坡长限制grade length limitation 高原纵坡拆减highland grade compensation 缓和坡段transition grading zone 合成坡度resultant gradient 视距sight distance 停车视距non-passing sight distance stopping sight distance 超车视距passing sight distance 道路交叉road intersection 道口railroad grade crossing 平面交叉at-grade intersectiongrade crossing 正交叉right-angle intersection 斜交叉skew intersection 环形交叉rotary intersection 十字形交叉quotquot T形交叉T intersection错位交叉offset intersection staggered junction Y形交叉Y intersection 立体交叉grade separation 分离式立体交叉simple grade separation separate grade crossing 互通式立体交叉interchange 苜蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleaf interchange 部分苜蓿叶形立体交叉cloverleaf interchange 菱形立体交叉diamond interchange 定向式立体交叉directional interchange 喇叭形立体交叉three-Leg interchange 环形立体交叉rotary interchange 匝道ramp 交叉口road crossingintersection 交叉口进口intersection entrance 交叉口出口intersection exit 加铺转角式交叉口intersection with widened corners 拓宽路口式交叉口flared intersection 分道转弯式交叉口channelized intersection 渠化交通channelization 交织weaving 交织路段weaving section 合流converging 分流diverging 冲突点conflict point 交通岛traffic island 导流岛channelization island 中心岛central island 安全岛refuge island 沿线设施roadside facilities 交通安全设施traffic safety device 人行横道crosswalk 人行地道pedestrian underpass 人行天桥pedestrian overcrossing 护栏guard fence 防护栅guard fencesafety barrier 遮光栅anti-dizzling screen 应急电话emergency telephone 反光标志reflective sign 反光路钮reflective button 弯道反光镜traffic mirror 道路交通标志road traffic sign 警告标志warning sign 禁令标志regulatory sign 指示标志guide sign 指路标志information sign 辅助标志auxiliary sign 可变信息标志changeable message sign 路面标线pavement marking 防雪设施snow protection facilities 防沙设施sands protection facilities 隔音墙acoustic barrier 停车场parking area 踏勘reconnaissance 可行性研究feasibility study 线形设计highway alignment design 公路景观设计highway landscape design 选线route selection 路线控制点control point 定线location 比较线alternative line 展线line development 初测preliminary survey 定测location survey 地貌topographic feature 地物culture 地形topography 台地terrace 垭口passsaddle back 平原区plain terrain 微丘区rolling terrain 重丘区hilly terrain 山岭区mountainous terrain 沿溪线valley line 山脊线ridge line 山坡线hill-side line 越岭线ridge crossing line 土方调配cut-fill transition 土方调配图cut-fill transition program 土方调配经济运距economical hauling distance 导线traverse 导线测量traverse survey 中线center line 中线测量center line survey 施工测量construction survey 竣工测量final survey 路线平面图plan 交点intersection point 虚交点imaginary intersection point 转点turning point 转角intersection angle 方位角azimuth angle 象限角bearing 方向角direction angle 切线长tangent length 曲线长curve length 外矢距external secant 测站instrument station 测点observation point 中桩center stake 加桩additional stake 护桩reference stake 断链broken chainage 水准测量leveling survey 水准点bench mark 绝对基面absolute datum 高程elevation 地面高程ground elevation 设计高程designed elevation 路线纵断面图profile 中桩填挖高度cut and fill at center stake 地形测量topographic survey 基线base line 地形图topographic map 等高线contour line 横断面测量cross-sectional survey 横断面图cross-section 坑探pit test 钻探boring 摄影测量photogrammetry 航空摄影测量aerial photogrammetry 地面立体摄影测量ground stereophoto grammetry 地面控制点测量ground control-point survey 航摄基线aerophoto base 影像地图photographic map 像片索引图镶辑复照图photo index 航摄像片判读aerophoto interpretation 综合法测图planimatric photo 全能法测图universal photo 微分法测图differential photo 像片镶嵌图photo mosaic 路基subgrade 路堤embankment 路堑cutting 半填半挖式路基part cut-part fill subgrade 台口式路基benched subgrade 路基宽度width of subgrade 路基设计高程design elevation of subgrade 路基最小填土高度minimum height of fill 边坡side slope 边坡坡度grade of side slope 边坡顶top of slope 边坡脚toe of slope 护坡道berm 边坡平台plain stage of slope 碎落台berm at the foot of cutting slope 护坡slope protection 挡土墙retaining wall 重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall 衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall 悬臂式挡土墙cantilever retaining wall 扶壁式挡土墙counterfort retaining wall 柱板式挡土墙column-plate retaining wall 锚杆式挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods 锚碇板式挡土墙anchored bulkhead retaining wall 石笼rock filled gabion 抛石riprap 路基排水subgrade drainage 边沟side ditch 截水沟intercepting ditch 排水沟drainage ditch 急流槽chute 跌水drop water 蒸发池evaporation pond 盲沟blind drain 渗水井seepage well 透水路堤permeable embankment 过水路面ford 填方fill 挖方cut 借土borrow earth 弃土waste 取土坑borrow pit 弃土堆waste bank 回填土back-filling 黄土loess 软土soft soil 淤泥mud 泥沼moor 泥炭peat 盐渍土salty soil 膨胀土expansive soil 冻土frozen soil 多年冻土permafrost 流砂quicksand 软弱地基soft ground 强夯法dynamic consolidation 预压法preloading method 反压护道loading berm 砂井sand drain 路基砂垫层sand mat of subgrade 压实compaction 压实度degree of compaction 标准最大干容重maximum dry unit weight 相对密实度relative density 毛细水capillary water土石方爆破blasting procedure 抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock 爆破漏斗blasting crater 松动爆破blasting for loosening rock 爆破作用圈acting circles of blasting 路面pavement 弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayer theory 回弹弯沉deflection 加州承载比CBRCalifornia bearing ratioCBR 路面宽度width of pavement 路槽road trough 刚性路面rigid pavement 柔性路面flexible pavement 路面结构层pavement structure layer 面层surface course 磨耗层wearing course 联结层binder course 基层base course 垫层bed course 隔水层aquitard 隔温层thermal insulating course 封层seal coat 透层prime coat 保护层protection course 补强层strengthening layer 高级路面high type pavement 次高级路面sub-high type pavement 中级路面intermediate type pavement低级路面low type pavement 水泥混凝土路面cement concrete pavement 沥青路面bituminous pavement 沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete pavement 沥青碎石路面bituminous macadam pavement 沥青贯入碎砾石路面bituminous penetration pavement 沥青表面处治bituminous surface treatment 块料路面block pavement 石块路面stone block pavement 泥结碎石路面clay-bound macadam pavement 水结碎石路面water-bound macadam pavement 级配路面graded aggregate pavement 稳定土基层stabilized soil base course 工业废渣基层industrial waste base course 块石基层Telford base 层铺法spreading in layers 拌和法mixing method 厂拌法plant mixing method 路拌法road mixing method 热拌法hot mixing method 冷拌法cold mixing method 热铺法hot laid method 冷铺法cold laid method 贯入法penetration method 铺砌法pitching method 缩缝contraction joint 胀缝expansion joint 真缝true joint 假缝dummy joint横缝transverse joint 纵缝longitudinal joint 施工缝construction joint 传力杆dowel bar 拉杆tie bar 路面平整度surface evenness 路面粗糙度surface roughness 路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of pavement 附着力adhesive force 水滑现象hydroplaning phenomenon 桥梁bridge 公路桥highway bridge 公铁两用桥highway and rail transit bridge 人行桥pedestrian bridge 跨线桥overpass bridge 高架桥viaduct 永久性桥permanent bridge 半永久性桥semi-permanent bridge 临时性桥temporary bridge 钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge 预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge 钢桥steel bridge 圬工桥masonry bridge 木桥timber bridge 正交桥right bridge 斜交桥skew bridge 弯桥curved bridge 坡桥bridge on slope 斜桥skew bridge 正桥right bridge 上承式桥deck bridge 中承式桥half-through bridge 下承式桥through bridge 梁桥beam bridge 简支梁桥simple supported beam bridge 连续梁桥continuous beam bridge 悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge 联合梁桥composite beam bridge 板桥slab bridge 拱桥arch bridge 双曲拱桥two-way curved arch bridge 空腹拱桥open spandrel arch bridge 实腹拱桥filled spandrel arch bridge 系杆拱桥bowstring arch bridge 桁架桥truss bridge 刚构桥rigid frame bridge T形刚构桥T-shaped rigid frame bridge 连续刚构桥continuous rigid frame bridge 斜腿刚构桥rigid frame bridge with inclined legs 斜拉桥斜张桥cable stayed bridge 悬索桥suspension bridge 漫水桥submersible bridge 浮桥pontoon bridge 开启桥movable bridge 装配式桥fabricated bridge 装拆式钢桥fabricated steel bridge 涵洞culvert 管涵pipe culvert 拱涵arch culvert 箱涵box culvert 盖板涵slab culvert 无压力式涵洞non-pressure culvert 压力式涵洞pressure culvert 半压力式涵洞partial pressure culvert 倒虹吸涵siphon culvert 上部结构superstructure主梁main beam 横梁floor beam 纵梁longitudinal beam stringer 挂梁suspended beam 拱圈archring 拱上结构spandrel structure 腹拱spandrel arch 拱上侧墙spandrel wall 桥面系floor system bridge decking 桥面铺装bridge deck pavement 伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint 桥面伸缩装置bridge floor expansion and contraction installation 安全带safety belt 桥头搭板transition slab at bridge head 下部结构substructure 桥墩pier 墩身pier body 墩帽coping 盖梁bent cap 破冰体ice apron 重力式桥墩gravity pier 实体桥墩solid pier 空心桥墩hollow pier 柱式桥墩column pier 排架桩墩pile bent pier 柔性墩flexible pier 制动墩braking pier 单向推力墩single direction thrusted pier 桥台abutment 台身abutment body 前墙front wall 翼墙wing walls 台帽coping 锥坡conical slope 耳墙wing walls U形桥台U-shaped abutment 八字形桥台flare wing wall abutment 一字形桥台head wall abutment straight abutment 重力式桥台gravity abutment 埋置式桥台buried abutment 扶壁式桥台counterforted abutment 锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment 支撑式桥台supported type abutment 地基subsoil 加固地基consolidated subsoil 天然地基natural subsoil 基础foundation 扩大基础spread foundation 沉井基础open caisson foundation 管柱基础cylindrical shaft foundation 桩基础pile foundation 桩pile 预制桩precast pile 就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile 摩擦桩friction pile 支承桩bearing pile 承台bearing platform 支座bearing 固定支座fixed bearing 活动支座expansion bearing 索塔cable bent tower 索鞍cable saddle 调治构造物regulating structure 丁坝spur dike 顺坝longitudinal dam 桥位bridge site 桥梁全长total length of bridge 主桥main bridge 引桥approach span 跨径span 桥涵计算跨径computed span 桥涵净跨径clear span 矢跨比rise span ratio 计算矢高calculated rise of arch 桥下净空clearance of span 桥面净空clearance above bridge floor 桥梁建筑高度construction height of bridge 荷载load 永久荷载permanent load 可变荷载variable load 偶然荷载accidental load 荷载组合loading combinations 车辆荷载标准loading standard for design vehicle 设计荷载design load 施工荷载construction load梁beam 简支梁simple-supported beam 连续梁continuous beam 悬臂梁cantilever beam 板slab 拱arch 桁架truss 刚构rigid frame 柱column 强度strength 刚度stiffness rigidity 抗裂度crack resistance 稳定性stability 位移displacement 变形deformation挠度deflection 预拱度camber 流域catchment basin 集水面积runoff area 径流runoff 水文测验hydrological survey 河床river bed 河槽river channel 主槽main channel 边滩side shoal 河滩flood land 河床宽度bed width 河槽宽度channel width 过水断面discharge section 水位water level 最高或最低水位maximum minimumwater level 通航水位navigable water level 设计水位design water lever 水面比降water surface slope 河床比降gradient of river bed 湿周wetted perimeter 糙率coefficient of roughness 水力半径hydraulic radius 水文计算hydrological computation 设计流量designed discharge 设计流速designed flow velocity 行近流速approach velocity 洪水调查flood survey 洪水频率flood frequency 设计洪水频率designed flood frequency 潮汐河流tidal river 悬移质suspended load 推移质bed material load 水力计算hydraulic computation 水头water head 冲刷scour 桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge 桥墩或台局部冲刷local scour near pier 自然演变冲刷natural scour 冲刷系数coefficient of scouring 淤积silting 壅水back water 流冰ice drift 先张法pretensioning method 后张法post-tensioning method 缆索吊装法erection with cableway 悬臂拼装法erection by protrusion 悬臂浇筑法cast-in-place cantilever method 移动支架逐跨施工法span by span method 纵向拖拉法erection by longitudinal pulling method 顶推法incremental launching method 转体架桥法construction by swing 浮运架桥法erecting by floating顶入法jack-in method 围堰cofferdam 护筒pile casing 隧道tunnel 洞门tunnel portal 衬砌tunnel lining 明洞open cut tunnel 围岩surrounding rock 隧道建筑限界structural approach limit of tunnels 明挖法open cut method 矿山法mine tunnelling method 盾构法shield tunnelling method 沉埋法沉管法immersed tunnel 导坑heading 隧道支撑tunnel support 构件支撑element support 喷锚支护lock bolt support with shotcrete 隧道通风tunnel ventilation 隧道照明tunnel lighting 养护maintenance 定期养护periodical maintenance 巡回养护patrol maintenance 大中修周期maintenance period小修保养routine maintenance 中修intermediate maintenance 大修heavy maintenance 改善工程road improvement 抢修emergency repair of road 加固strengthening of structure 回砂sand sweeping 罩面overlay of pavement 路面翻修pavement recapping 路面补强pavement strengthening 车辙rutting 路面搓板surface corrugation 路面网裂net-shaped cracking 路面龟裂alligator cracking 路面碎裂pavement spalling 反射裂缝reflection crack 路面坑槽pot holes 路面冻胀surface frost heave 路面沉陷pavement depression 路面滑溜surface slipperiness 露骨surface angularity 啃边edge failure 泛油bleeding 拥包upheaval 拱胀blow up 错台faulting of slab ends 错法slab staggering 滑坡slide 坍方land slide 崩塌collapse 碎落debris avalanche 沉降settlement 沉陷subsidence 泥石流mud avalanche 振动液化liquefaction 翻浆frost boiling 岩溶karst 沙害sand hazard 雪害snow hazard 水毁washout 好路率rate of good roads 养护质量综合值general rating of maintenance quality 路容road appearance 路况road condition 路况调查road condition survey 路政管理road ad.。
公路施工词汇(中英)
design elevation of subgrade 路基设计高程minimum height of fill 最小填土高度subgrade moisture content 路基含水量critical height of subgrade 路基临界高度subgrade protection 路基防护subgrade strengthening 路基加固earth work 土方[工程]fill 填方cut, excavation 挖方borrow earth 借土waste 弃土borrow pit 取土坑waste bank 弃土堆back fill 回填土replacement of earth 换土compaction 压实degree of compaction 压实度compacting factor 压实系数tamping 夯实heavy tamping method 重锤夯实法rolling 碾压vibrating compaction 振动压实effective rolling depth 有效碾压深度linear pressure 线压力rolling speed 碾压速度compaction energy 压实能量loose laying depth 松铺厚度compaction depth 压实厚度coefficient of loose laying 松铺系数reserve settlement 预留沉落量natural subsoil 天然地基consolidated subsoil 加固地基soft ground 软弱地基consolidation 固结dynamic consolidation method 动力固结法preloading method 预压法sand bag well 袋装砂井sheet drainage 排水板法drainage sand mat 排水砂垫层surcharge preloading 超载预压sand pile 砂桩lime pile 石灰桩sand well 砂井rock blasting 石方爆破blasting operation 爆破作业blasting crater 爆破漏斗throwing blasting 抛掷爆破loosening blasting 松动爆破millisecond delay blasting 毫秒爆破collapse blasting 抛坍爆破directional blasting 定向爆破open face blasting 多面临空爆破pavement 路面high class pavement 高级路面sub-high class pavement 次高级路面intermediate class pavement 中级路面曾用名“过渡式路面”。
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英漢铺面工程名詞彙編AAASHTO 美国州公路暨运输官員协会：American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 的简称。
Absolute Specific Gravity 绝对比重：在特定温度下，相同体积的物体与蒸溜水（或純水）的重量比值。
Absolute Viscosity 绝对黏度：沥青在60℃下量测而得的黏度，以泊(poise, P)为单位。
Absolute Volume 绝对体积：混凝土或砂浆组成的体积，相当于一般的面干虛体积。
Absorbed Moisture (Water) 吸收水气（水）：吸收在材料内的水气（水）。
Absorption 吸水（率）：于特定状況下所吸收的水份，通常以材料烘干重的百分比表示。
Acceleration 加速（速凝）作用：加速混凝土硬化或强度发展之作用。
Accelerator 加速剂（速凝剂）：加速混凝土、砂浆、或水泥浆硬化或强度发展之掺料。
AC 沥青混凝土：请参照Asphalt Concrete。
ACI 美国混凝土学会：American Concrete Institute 的简称。
ACPA 美国混凝土铺面协会：American Concrete Pavement Ass℃iation 的简称。
ACR 碱-碳反应。
请参照Alkali-Carbonate Reaction。
Adhesion Loss 黏着力丧失：黏结料失去黏着力。
Adhesives 黏着剂：将同质或异质材料结合或黏结为一体所使用的材料，例如，环氧树脂。
Admixture 添加剂或掺料：除去水、粒料、和波特兰水泥外，于混凝土拌合前或过程中所添加的材料。
Adsorption 吸附：物质在物体表面所形成高度集中的现象，是一种物质被吸附的过程。
Adsorbed Water 吸附水：吸附在材料表面上的水份。
Aggregate 粒料（骨材）：颗粒材料，如砂、砾石、碎石、碎混凝土、或炉渣。
Aggregate Blending 粒料（骨材）拌合：将两种以上的粒料均匀混合，以产生另一组不同级配的粒料。
Aggregate Gradation 粒料（骨材）级配：粒料的粒径分布情形。
Aggregate Interl℃k 粒料（骨材）互锁：粒料颗粒相接触而产生传递压力与剪力的作用。
Aggregate Spreaders 粒料（骨材）摊铺机：能将粒料以稳定速率均匀铺撒散布的机具。
Aggregate Storage Bins 粒料储存槽：存放粒料且能输送大量粒料至烘干机的设备。
Aggregate Trucks 运料卡车。
Aggregate, Angular 多角粒料。
Aggregate, Coarse 粗粒料：停留在8 号标准筛(2.36 mm)或4 号标准筛(4.75 mm)以上的粒料。
Aggregate, Dense-Graded 密级配粒料：粒料经辗压后能获得较低空隙与较大密度之级配。
Aggregate, Fine 细粒料：通过8 号标准筛(2.36 mm)或4 号标准筛(4.75mm)的粒料。
Aggregate, Gap-Graded 间断级配粒料：粒料粒径分布中明显缺少某特定中间粒径之级配。
Aggregate, Heavy-Weight 重质粒料（骨材）：用于产制重质混凝土之高密度粒料，例如重晶石、磁铁矿、赤铁矿、褐铁矿、鈦铁矿、铁、或钢等。
Aggregate, Light-Weight 轻质粒料（骨材）：用于产制轻质混凝土所需之低密度粒料，例如，(1)膨胀或烧结之黏土、頁岩、板岩、或炉渣；(2)浮石或熔岩；(3)粉煤灰或工业灰燼。
Aggregate, Maximum Size 最大粒径：粒料全部通过之最小筛号尺寸。
Aggregate, Nominal Maximum Size 公称最大粒径：粒料停留百分比占10%以内之最大筛号尺寸。
Aggregate, Open-Graded 开放级配粒料：含少量细粒料，在辗压后仍留有大空隙（通常大于10%）之级配。
Aggregate-Cement Ratio 粒料水泥比：请参照Cement-Aggregate Ratio。
Agitating Speed 搅拌速度：混凝土搅拌时，拌合槽或卡车拌合机轮叶之转动速度。
Agitating Truck 搅拌车或拌合车：可将新拌混凝土以持续转动搅拌方式运送到灌注地点的车辆。
Agitation 搅拌：提供新拌混凝土以缓慢速度移动，以防止析离或塑性流失之过程。
Agitator 搅拌机：以搅拌方式来保持混凝土塑性并防止析离之机具。
Air Content 空气含量：在水泥浆、砂浆、或混凝土中之空间，通常以混合料体积之百分比表示。
Air Void 空隙：夯实混合料内沥青包裹颗粒间之空间，以夯实混合料总体积之百分比表示。
Air-Entraining 输气：使水泥浆、砂浆、或混凝土在拌合过程出现大量微小气泡的过程。
Air-Entraining Agent 输气剂：能使混凝土或砂浆在拌合过程中产生微小气泡的添加剂，通常加入少許数量，以增加其工作性与抗冻性。
Air-Entraining Cement 输气水泥：于制程中即添加输气成分之水泥。
Air-Entrainment 输气：请参照Air-Entraining。
Air-Meter 空气计量器：量测混凝土或砂浆中空气含量之仪器。
Air-Water Jet 高压空气水柱：自噴嘴射出高速空气水柱，用于清洗岩石或混凝土表面。
Alkali-Aggregate Reaction 碱-粒料（骨材）反应：在混凝土或砂浆内出现波特兰水泥或其他来源之碱性离子（鈉或鉀）与粒料所含之特殊成份（活性矽）发生化学反应，在某些情況下会产生对混凝土或砂浆有害之膨胀现象。
Alkali-Carbonate Reaction 碱-碳反应：波特兰水泥中的碱性离子（鈉或鉀）与含碳酸盐成分之岩石，特別是存在于粒料中的方解石、白雲石、及含白雲石的石灰石发生反应，可能产生不正常膨胀，使得混凝土出现裂纹。
Alkali-Silica Reaction 碱-矽反应：同碱-粒料（骨材）反应。
请参照Alkali-Aggregate Reaction。
Alligator Cracks 鳄鱼皮裂纹：铺面表面产生大量相互交錯、状似鳄鱼皮的裂纹。
Alternate Lane Construction 跳島式铺筑：混凝土道路、跑道、或其他铺筑地区的建造方法，在铺筑的车道发挥强度之后，再铺筑其邻接的车道。
Analysis Period 分析期间：生命周期成本分析年期，期间内至少包括一次翻修，以确实反映初期与建投資的成效。
Angle of Repose 安息角（休止角）：松散土石自然停止滑动而形成之坡面与水平面之夾角。
Area of Steel 钢筋（截）面积。
Artificial Turf Drag 表面打毛：将类似人工草皮倒放并连接于一器具上于灌注混凝土面拖行，以产生表面粗糙纹路。
Asphalt (Asphalt Cement, Asphalt Binder)沥青（沥青胶结料）：由天然或石油炼制过程产生之深色或黑色黏性材料。
Asphalt Application 沥青洒布：未使用粒料而直接噴洒沥青之工法。
Asphalt Concrete (AC) 沥青混凝土：将沥青黏结料与粒料充分拌合后夯压而成的混合料。
Asphalt Distributor 沥青撒布机：具有保温车斗、加热系统、摊铺系统的卡车、或拖车，能以均匀速度撒布沥青。
Asphalt Emulsion 乳化沥青：沥青黏结料与添加少量乳化剂的水乳化混合。
乳化沥青滴可能为陰离子、陽离子、或中性离子。
Asphalt Emulsion Slurry Seal 乳化沥青稀浆封层：以乳化沥青、细粒料、石粉拌合之低流动度胶浆。
Asphalt Emulsion, Cold Mix 冷拌乳化沥青混凝土：将乳化沥青与粒料拌合之混合料，可能是工厂拌合或现地拌合。
Asphalt Emulsion, Warm Mix 热拌乳化沥青混凝土：以一般热拌沥青设备在粒料不超过95℃之下拌合之混合料，并在65℃以上完成摊铺与辗压。
Asphalt Leveling Course 沥青整平层：为消除现层表面的起伏不整，于铺下一层前先铺设一层沥青混合料。
Asphalt Pavement Structure 沥青铺面结构：自路基以上之铺面各层，包含基层、底层、与沥青混凝土面层。
Asphalt Pavement 沥青铺面：在适当的承载层上，铺设沥青混凝土为面层的铺面。
Asphalt Prime Coat 沥青透层：将沥青洒布在能渗入之底层表面，除可稳定底层不受施工扰动外，并可增进与面层间之黏结。
Asphalt Primer 沥青透层材料：能渗入底层表面之低黏度沥青。
Asphalt Rubber (AR) 橡胶沥青：将磨碎之回收橡胶轮胎粉末添加到一般沥青而成之黏结剂。
Asphalt Rubber - Asphalt Concrete(AR-AC) 橡胶沥青混凝土：将橡胶沥青与级配粒料拌合，在严格控制过程之下产制而成之沥青混凝土。
Asphalt Tack Coat 沥青黏层：在旧沥青路面或混凝土路面上噴洒薄薄一层沥青，以乳化沥青为主，提高加铺层与既有铺面或混凝土路面之黏结效果。
Asphaltene 沥青精：将沥青溶解析出之最高分子量之碳氢化合物。
ASR 碱-矽反应：请参照Alkali-SilicaReaction。
ASTM 美国试验与材料学会：AmericanSociety for Testing and Materials 的简称。
Automatic Batcher 自动计量器：能自动秤重、开关储料槽门送出材料，并监控各項自动计量动作。
Automatic Cycling Control 自动循环控制：自动控制秤重漏斗流量阀门、沥青流量阀门、拌合机洩料阀门之系统，不须有居间人为的操作。
Automatic Dryer Control 自动烘干控制：能夠自动控制粒料温度在预设范围内，自烘干机出料之系统。
Automatic Proportioning Control 自动配料控制：依据配比，可自动控制沥青阀门与各粒料槽门取料的系统，不须有居间人为的操作。
Axle Load 轴重：铺面承受车辆的轮轴重。
BBack-Calculation 反算（回算）：利用现场量测实際载重与变位，以反算決定铺面各层相等值弹性模量的分析方法。
Backer Rod 填缝条：发泡材料制成之条状物，塞入接缝内做为灌注填缝剂（料）之襯底，防止填缝剂（料）貼附在接缝底或从接缝底流出。