新托福阅读题型介绍与技巧汇编

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托福阅读题型详解：分类与解题技巧

托福阅读题型详解：分类与解题技巧2023年，随着全球化的进一步发展和跨境教育的日益普及，托福考试已成为了全球范围内最具权威性的语言考试之一。

而在托福考试中，阅读部分一直是考生相对难以突破的一道坎。

本文旨在对托福阅读题型进行分类与解题技巧的详细讲解，帮助考生更好地应对阅读考试。

一、托福阅读题型分类在托福阅读部分，一般分为三大类：细节题、推理题和总结题，下面具体介绍一下三种题型的特点和解题技巧：1.细节题细节题是指以文章中的细节为媒介提出的问题。

所谓细节，便是文章中一些具体的，表层的，量化的或可操作的信息。

细节题主要考查考生对阅读材料的理解程度和记忆力。

具体而言，托福阅读部分的细节题主要有以下类型：A. 主旨细节题主旨细节题是指要求你根据文章中的某一部分，找到该部分的主旨或大意的题目。

解题技巧和句子理解题类似，要求考生准确地理解文章中的每个词汇及其所连接的关系，深入理解文章的主旨和重点。

B. 词汇细节题一般而言，该类细节题目会出现在文章的上下文中，要求考生根据所在的段落，结合上下文的意思和语境，准确理解生词的含义。

有时候，在文章里面出现一些同义替换的搭配，考生必须从文章上下文中寻找到有关铺垫，正确把握词义。

C. 时间细节题时间细节题要求考生根据文章的时间线索，回答来自文章的某一部分的问题。

在答题过程中，重点关注时间标记或者表述来帮助理解答案。

2.推理题推理题一般通过文章材料与题目之间的关系，推断出答案。

与细节题相比，推理题考查考生的逻辑思维能力和推理能力。

具体而言，托福阅读部分的推理题主要有以下类型：A. 推断态度题在此类题目中，通常会给出某人的语境或情况，要求考生根据自己理解的情况或背景，推断出这个人的态度。

此时需要考生仔细分析人物在文章中所扮演的角色，关注思想，性格，语气等方面的具体表现，以此推断出要求的妇女内心态度。

B. 推断论据题推断论据题是在文章中给出的一些事实、细节或例子，要求考生据此推断出文章作出的结论。

托福阅读五种题型的技巧

托福阅读五种题型的技巧为了帮助大家备考托福。

提高阅读成绩，打有准备的仗，下面小编给大家带来托福阅读五种题型的技巧，希望大家喜欢。

托福阅读五种题型的技巧(1)主旨题。

主旨题有三种：A、作者的意图;B、文章标题;C、文章的中心思想。

这种题一般为第一道题，建议考生把这道题放在最后做，因为做其他题时，考生会逐步了解文章的各个细节，在做题的过程中就会对文章个总的理解，最后处理主旨题可谓水到渠成、万无一失。

(2)列举题。

列举题有两种：A、一正三误;B、三正误。

也可分为四类。

第一类：一句话列举。

根据某个选项的语言提示，回归文章找到一句话，这句话包含三个选项的内容;第二类：局部列举。

根据题意，回归文章发现连续两三句话涉及三个选项的内容;第三类：段落列举。

题干语言在某自然段首句重现。

这个句子为段落主题句，即三个选项的内容在这段出现，不涉及到其他段落;第四类：文章列举。

选项内容涉及整个文章。

一句话列举题和段落列举题有明显的信号词帮助答题，根据题序做题，不必区别对待。

文章列举题和局部列举题则应放其他题做完之后再处理。

(3)文章结论题。

文章结论题即根据文章可以推断出下面哪个选项结论是正确的，题干没有任何语言信号词。

这种题有以下几种布局：为文章第一道题时，相当于文章主旨题，应放在最后一道题时，有可能针对文章最后部分，也有可能针对整篇文章，但不大可能涉及文章其他部分的细节。

所以文章结论题应该具体情况具体分析，并不一定是面对整个文章。

(4)作者态度题。

作者态度题分为两种：A、局部作者态度题;B、整体作者态度题。

文章最后一道题问及作者态度时为整体作者态度题，它涉及通篇文章，要根据整个文章数个语言点串起来的一根主线答题，也就是作者行文的口气。

考生千万不可以根据某一个语言点答题，因为整体作者态度题不是考核某一个点，而是考整体感觉。

局部作者态度题位置比较灵活，往往问及作者对文章中某一个具体内容的看法，题干通常信号请将考生带回文章某一区域，考查考生对某个语言点的理解。

新托福阅读题型介绍与技巧

新托福阅读题型介绍一、细节题特征：没有特征（因为其他题型都有各自的特征）数量：每篇3-6题难度：变化很大策略：随机应变二、选非题特征：NOT/EXCEPT数量：每篇1题难度：较低策略：一定要做对三、推理题特征：infer、imply数量：每篇1-2题难度：很高策略：可以放四、修辞题：特征：（1）题干与原文被打上了阴影（2）个选项的开头为TO+关键动词（这些动词代表某个修饰手法，这样的动词很少，所以遇到都要记住）PS：这类题目有可能会变形五、词汇题特征：（1）题干与原文被打上了阴影（2）以the word/phrase开头数量：每篇3-6题难度：非常简单策略：一定要做对六、指代题特征：（1）原文与题干被打上阴影（2）打上阴影的是某个代词数量：1题难度：较低（可以直接测试语法能力）策略：要做对七、复述题特征：(1）原文中一个完整的句子被打上阴影（2）题干为：which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect answerchoices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.数量：1题难度：很难或者很简单八、插句题特征：黑色小方框（■）数量：1题难度：较低策略：要做对九、归总题特征：两排六个选项数量：1题难度：1分很简单，2分有点难策略：保1争2新增题型（参考TPO5）：四选二题型：是细节题的变形全文归纳题：可以去归总题找答案第二部分各题型解题技巧串讲阅读的步骤：第1步：把动滚动条拉到底再拉到顶（粗略看一遍文章）第2步：点review键，做完词汇题（不看原文），同时关注一下是否有选非题（因为与原文对应的东西很多）第3步：边看边做阅读，要按顺序做（因为托福阅读，题目顺序和题目对应原文的顺序几乎一致。

托福阅读如何面的各类题型

托福阅读如何面的各类题型在新托福考试中，有多种题型是需要同学们面对的，所以托福资料下载的小编为同学们整理了一下，如何来应对托福阅读的各类题型。

插入句子题(Sentence Insertion)考生一般试图把插入句分别代回原文四个选项处，看哪个地方的语义比较通顺便是正确答案。

这种做法比较主观，因为语义通顺与否每个人的感觉都不尽然，所以我们应该从结构角度考虑，以客观的分析去解决句子插入题。

解法：一、仔细阅读插入句，从四个角度分析句子。

1)指代关系2)内部逻辑关系3)相关联中心名词4)近似句子结构二、分析完插入句之后，分别与四个选项之前的内容做比较对应。

三、找到对应点之后的选项就是正确答案。

总结题1)仔细阅读表格中黑体句，这个句子是合理选项的判断标准。

2)排除细节性选项3)排除错误描述4)排除次要信息新托福阅读题型之否定细节题或排除题(NOT&&EXCEPT)此类题目是细节题的反面题型。

细节题是找四个选项中在文中提及的选项，而与之相反，排除题是要求考生在四个选项中选出与原文相反或者在原文中未曾提及的选项。

做题思路也就一目了然了，我们不必正面突破，急于判断出错误的描述，而是可以采取迂回战术，将四个选项分别代回原文验证，在文中出现的并且符合题干语境的就是正确描述，即错误答案，排除三个正确描述之后剩下的那一个选项即为正确答案。

新托福阅读题型之细节题(Factual Information)可以说，细节题是新托福考试阅读所有题型中是最重要的题型了，因为在整场考试中它所占的比重非常的大，细节题是否拿捏到位直接影响到考生最后的语言成绩。

以下就是关于细节题题型的一些解题技巧解法：为了寻找细节题的答案，我们考生一般会选择去读段落，他们错误的认为，只要把段落读懂了，那么答案自然而然也就出来了。

但是，他们没有考虑到时间成本，我们应该尽量避免整段整段去理解翻译式的中国式做题方式。

a.仔细阅读问题b. 提取题干中关键词并且定位原文段落中关键词所在的句子;关键词的确定顺序：特殊形式单词(人名、地名、专有名词、特殊符号等)→名词(避免重复出现的名词)→动词(注意同义近义的替换)c.阅读定位句理解。

新托福阅读题型的解题思路

新托福阅读题型的解题思路托福阅读备考练习中，具体的考试题型也是大家备考的重点。

毕竟实际的考试中，通过对题型解题思路的了解，可以让大家更快速的作答题目。

具体的托福阅读考试题型的解题思路是怎样的?下面我为大家整理了具体的内容，供大家参考!新托福阅读题型的解题思路第一种事实信息题(Understanding the Facts and Details)问法：这类题目一般用what/which/why/when/how/where/who等词来提问。

技巧：学会定位、认真阅读I。

假如不能依据题干来定位的话，那么这个时候我们就需要分析题干中的关键词及〔短语〕。

接着，重新返回到原文中查找相对应的部分进行定位。

关键词包括题干中出现的人名、地名、物种名、年月以及〔句子〕中的核心名词。

II。

直接依据题目就能进行定位。

这种状况下，题干中明确指出了出题对象在原文中所处的具体位置，比方In paragraph 1, According to the 4th paragraph等。

抑或在原文中对出题对象作了重要标示，比方打阴影或斜体字等。

※留意错误选项的迷惑：I。

单纯地重复原文中的信息，却并没有回答下列问题。

II。

对原文中的信息和事实进行了错误的表述。

III。

不够全面。

IV。

原文中未涉及或未提及的信息。

第二种词汇题(Understanding Vocabulary in Context)问法：I.The word/phrase X in the passage is closet in meaning to/means/refers to type of ____?II. What is X?技巧：◎I。

认识原文中的词汇，知道其一种及以上的含义。

那么，这时我们就可以直接从选项中查找该词的〔同义词〕、〔近义词〕，并代入原文检验。

检验至关重要，我们可以从两方面考量：熟词僻义和语法正确(见例题I、II)。

◎II。

不认识原文中的词汇。

新TOEFL托福iBT阅读题型与解题方法

新TOEFL阅读题型及解题方法新托福（托福iBT）● 2005 年9 月，美国教育考试服务中心（ETS）在全球推出新托福考试，即TOEFL iBT(Internet Based Test)。

● TOEFL iBT能够反映学生在一流大专院校的教学和校园生活中的语言应用能力。

加试●出现在听力或阅读部分，也有可能阅读、听力两部分同时被加试。

●加试部分不算分，但考生事先并不知道哪一部分是加试。

●阅读和听力考试之后有10 分钟休息时间。

新TOEFL阅读部分In TOEFL test, there are usually 13 to 14 questions for each passage and the question types can be summarized as the following.1.Factual questions(3-6 questions per set)2.Negative Factual questions(0-2 questions per set)3.Inference Questions(0-2 questions per set)4.Rhetorical Purpose Questions(0-2 questions per set)5.Sentence Insertion Questions(1 question per set)6.Sentence Reference Questions(0-2 questions per set)7.Sentence Restatement Questions(1 question per set)8.Prose Summary Questions(1 question per set)9.Fill in a Table Questions(1 question per set)10.Vocabulary Questions(0-3 questions per set)1. FQ (Factual questions)Definition: FQ ask about explicit facts and details in the passage. They often contain: who, what, when, where, why. For FQ, the information needed for an answer is directly stated somewhere in the passage.Characteristics: FQ often begin with the following1.According to the passage,2.According to the information in paragraph 23.What does the author say aboutTips for FQ:1.Focus on one or two key words from the question, they might be DATE, NAMEand other nouns so on2.Scan the passage and look only for these words as you scroll down3.The questions usually follow the order of the passage, therefore, usually scrolldown form the last questions you answered, you do not need to read the entire passage again4.Underline the sentences where contain the key words, read preceding andfollowing sentences as well.2. Negative Factual Questions (NFQ)Definitions: NFQ ask you to determine which of the four answer choices is not given in the passage. It often contains words, NOT, EXCEPT, LEAST. They always appear in Uppercases.Characteristics: NFQ often begin with the following structures1.According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?3.Which of the following is LEAST likely?Tips for NFQ1.Read the questions first, locate key words.e Key Words technique to look for the information in the passage related witheach answer3.Identify the answer that is not mentioned in the passagesExercise I: Locate the key words for the following sentences:1.What story is told about the first dentist in the North American colonies?2.People in which of the following occupations probably did NOT practiceemergency dentistry?3.What materials did Paul Revere use to make artificial teeth?4.How many students graduated in the first class to study dentistry in the UnitedStates?5.How is the building that housed the first dental school in the United States atpresent?6.According to the passage, what were ”Negative spray” and “Vitalized Air”?7.In what year did William Morton demonstrated ether?8.Which of the following is NOT one of the problems that X rays can indicate?9.What were …dental engines‟?10.How did the dental drills that were developed in the 1950‟s reduce heat and pain? III. Inference questionsDefinition: These questions require you to make inferences according to the information provided in the passages. The answers to these questions are not directly stated anywhere in the passage, but it can be inferred.Characteristics: The questions usually contain the words infer or imply1.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?2.In paragraph..., the author implies that…?3.It can be concluded from the information in paragraph…that…4.The author suggests that:Types of Inference:Infer in reverse direction1.Although this rise of oil is almost always carefully controlled today, sproutsof oil, or gushers, were common in the past.Which of the following can be inferred about the gushers?A.They make bringing the oil to the surface easierB.They signal the presence of huge oil reservesC.They waste more oil in the pastD.They are unlikely to occur nowadays2.The story of the western movement of population in the United States is, in themain, the story of the expansion of agriculture- of the development of new areas for the raising of livestock and the cultivation of wheat, corn, tobacco and cotton.After 1815 improved transportation enabled more and more western farmers to escape a self-sufficient way of life enter a national market economyWhat can be inferred from paragraph 1 about western farmers prior to 18151.They had limited their crop production to wheat, corn, tobacco and cotton.2.They were able to sell their products at high prices.3.They had not been successful in raising cattle4.They did not operate in a national market3.This was before the steam locomotive, and canal building was at its height. Which of the following can be inferred about canal building?A.Canals were built primarily in the in the south of England rather than in otherregionsB.Canal building decreased after the steam locomotive was invented.C.Canal building made it difficult to study rock strata which often became damagedin the processD.Canal builders hired surveyors like smith to examine exposed rock strata4.Sediments above and below the gypsum layers contained tiny marine fossils,indicating open-ocean conditions.Which of the following can be inferred about solid gypsum layers?A.It did not contain any marine fossilB.It had formed in open-ocean conditionsC.It had once been soft, deep-sea mudD.It contained sediment from nearby desertsInfer according to the key wordsIn all probabilities, it was the fertile plain of Latium, where the Latin who founded Rome originated, that created the habits and skills of landed settlement, landed property, landed economy, landed administration and a land-based society. Which of the following can be inferred about the people of Latium?A.Their economy was based on trade relations with other settlements.B.They held different values than the people of RomeC.Agriculture played a significant role in the societyD.They possessed unusual knowledge of animal instinctExercises I: Identify the correct inferences based on the sentence or short passage:1. If a metalworker from 3,000 years ago could somehow travel forward in time, he would recognize virtually every step of the lost-wax process that today is used to cast titanium for jet engines.A: Titanium has been forged for thousands of years.B: The lost-wax methods of casting metal is very oldC: Metalworking has changed very little in 3,000 years.2. When apple growers talk about new varieties of apples. They don‟t mean something developed last month, last year, or even in the last decade.A: Apple growers have not developed any new varieties of apples in recent decades. B: Some varieties of apples can be developed in a short time, but others take a long time.C: New varieties of apples take a long time to develop.3. High level of serum cholesterol used to be thought of as a problem only for adults. A: High level of serum cholesterol are no longer a problem for adults.B: Only children have a problem with high levels of serum cholesterol.C: High serum cholesterol affects both adults and children.4. Alpha Centauri, one of the closest stars to Earth, is just 4.3 light years away. It can be seen only from the southern Hemisphere. However, the closest star(other than our own Sun, of course) is a tiny red star, Proxima Centauri, which is not visible without a telescope.A: ProximaCentauri, is the closest star to Earth.B: Alpha Centauri, is invisible from earth without a telescope.C: Proxima Centauri is closer than 4.3 light years from the earth.5. Compared with the rest of its brain, the visual area of a turtle‟s brain is quite small, since turtles, like all other reptiles, depend mainly on senses other than sight.A: No reptile uses sight as its primary sense.B: Animals that depend on sight all have larger visual areas in their brain than turtles do.C: The visual area of other reptiles‟ brain is smaller than that of turtles.6. An old but still useful proverb says,” beware of oak, it draws the stroke.” In general, trees with deep roots that tap into groundwater attract more lightning than do treeswith shallow, dry roots. Oak are fifty times more likely to be struck than beeches. Pines are not safe as beeches but are still much safer than oaks.A: The roots of oak are fifty times deeper than those of beeches.B: Pines‟ roots are deeper than beeches, but not as deep as those of oaks.C: the deeper the root, the safer the tree.7. Illegible handwriting does not indicate weakness of character, as even a quick glance at the penmanship of Franklin D. Roosevelt or John E. Kennedy revealsA: Roosevelt and Kennedy both had handwriting that was difficult to read.B: Roosevelt‟s handwriting was more illegible than that of Kennedy.C: The author believe both Roosevelt and Kennedy had weak characters.8. Jack London spent only a year prospecting for gold in Alaska. However, nearly half of his forty books are set there.A: London was successful in his search for gold in Alaska.B: Although London worked in Alaska for only a short time, he wrote almost twenty books while he lived there.C: London‟s experiences in Alaska had a strong influence on his writing.9. Most fish take on the coloration of their natural surroundings to a certain degree. It‟s not surprising, therefore, that fish inhabiting the warm, shallow waters around tropical reefs are colored all the brilliant hues of the rainbow.A: Tropical fish are unlike other fish because they take on the coloration of their environment.B. Tropical reefs are brightly colored environment.C: Tropical fish are brightly colored because they inhabit warm waters.10. Although sheep herding is an older and more beloved occupation, shepherds never caught the attention of filmmakers the way cowboys did.A: There have been more films about cowboys than about shepherds.B: Films about shepherds are older and more beloved than films about cowboys.C: Cowboys are generally younger than shepherds.11. The Okefenokee Swamp is a fascinating realm that both confirms and contradicts popular notions of a swamp. Along with huge cypresses, dangerous quagmires, and dim waterways, the Okefenokee has sandy pine islands, sunlit prairies, and clear lakes.A. Although most swamps are not very interesting, the Okefenokee is an exception. B: The Okefenokee has features that are not commonly associated with swamps.C: Unlike most swamps, the Okefenokee does not have huge cypresses, dangerous quagmires, or dim waterways.12. Thomas Jefferson preferred the Roman Style of architecture, as seen in the buildings at the University of Virginia, to the English style favored by CharlesBullfinch.A: The architecture of the University of Virginia was influenced by the Roman style. B: Bullfinch was an English architect.C: Jefferson preferred to build in the English style of architecture.13. In all cultures, gestures are used as a form of communication, but the same gestures may have very different meanings in different cultures.A: No two cultures use the same gestures.B: one gesture almost never has the same meaning in two cultures.C: A person from one culture may misunderstand the gestures used by a person from another.14. Even spiders that do not build webs from silk use it for a variety of purposes. such as constructing egg sacs and nursery tents.A: All spiders build webs.B: Spiders that build webs don‟t builds egg sacs or nursery tents.C: Silks is used by all spiders.15. In theory, a good screwdriver should last a lifetime, but it seldom does, usually because it is used as a substitute for other tools.A: Using a screwdriver for purpose other than those for which it was intended can shorten its life.B: All screwdrivers, if they are really good, last a lifetime.C: If you want a screwdriver to last a lifetime, use other tools to substitute for it. Exercise II: Choose correct inferences for the questions according to the information in the passageThe Titus-Bode law predicted that there would be a fifth planet between Mars and Jupiter. In 1800, a group of astronomers nic knamed the “celestial police” was organized to search for the missing planet. Before the plan could be put in effect, another astronomer, G.Piazzi, discovered 1 Ceres, the largest asteroids, in this position in space on New year‟s Day, 1801. While trying t o locate Ceres again, the astronomer H.Olbers discovered 2 Pallas in 1802. J.Harding discovered 3 Juno in 1804. H.Olbers also discovered 4 Vesta, the brightest asteroid, in 1807. It was not until 1836 that a fifth asteroid, 5 Asterea, was added to the list. At first, many nineteenth-century astronomers did not find asteroids of much interest. One even called them” the vermin of the sky”. In 1891, Max Wolf pioneered the use of astrophotography to detect asteroids. Then Wolf went on to discover 248 asteroids, beginning with 323 Bruscia. At present, around 150,000 asteroids have been discovered. Most are spotted today by automated systems that pair telescopes with computers.Asteroids vary in size from Ceres, with a diameter of 570 miles, to tiny bodies that are only the size of pebbles. Only the four largest-Ceres,Palas,Vesta,and Juno-arespherical. Most are elongated irregular. Asteroids are not uniformity distributed through space. Many occur in clusters called groups, of in even tighter clusters called families. Families or asteroids with similar characteristics, indicating a common origin, are called Hiruzama asteroids.H.Olbers advanced the theory that asteroids are the remnants of a large planet that exploded. Other astronomers suggested that the asteroids were originally moons of Jupiter that broke away and then disintegrated. The most commonly accepted theory among astronomers today is that they occupy a place in the solar system where a sizable planet could have formed but was prevented from doing so by the disruptive gravity field of nearby Jupiter. Originally, perhaps, there were only a few dozen asteroids. These were eventually fragmented by mutual collisions to produce the present population of asteroids.When new asteroids are discovered, they are given a temporary six-character name. The first four numbers correspond to the year of discovery. The first of the two letters corresponds to the half-month period in which the asteroid was discovered, and the second to the sequence in which the asteroid was discovered in that half-month. For example, the asteroid 2006AC was the third asteroid(C) to be discovered in the first half of January(A)in 2006. After the orbit of an asteroid discovery(Currently from 1 Ceres to 95959 Covadonga). The first several hundred asteroids were named for female characters from mythology(Cere, for example, is the Roman goddess of the harvest) Even after these names were used up, the convention of giving asteroid may submit a name to the international Astronomical Union. Some are named for places or for things. Some are named to honor famous scientist, painters, writers, or even pop stars, such as musicians and actors. Some are named after colleagues, family members, and even pets. Discoverers may not, however, name asteroids after themselves. Of the 150,000 known asteroids, only about 10% have names.Most asteroids are found in the Main Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter. Some have highly eccentric orbits, such as 3200 phaeton, which swings close to the Sun. Some asteroids, called Near Earth Asteroids(NEAs),pass close to Earth. It is feared that one day an steroid may hit Earth and cause a great deal of damage. In fact, most scientists believed that a collision between an asteroid and the earth made dinosaur extinct.In June of 2002, without warning, a medium-sized asteroid called 2002 MN passed relatively close to Earth. It was not observed until three days after it has passed. This was the cloest an asteroid had come to Earth since 1994XM. That asteroid missed the Earth by only 64,000 miles. However, the one in 2002 was much larger than 1994XN and potentially much more destructive. Other near misses involved 1989FC and 433 Erros in 1975. While there are programs to watch for Near Earth Asteroids, 2002MN proved that these programs are not completely effective. Some people believe that there should be much larger worldwide program to detect and possibly destroyasteroids that are heading towards out planet.Questions:1.It can be inferred from the information in paragraph 1 that the Titus-Bode lawdeals with which of the following?A. The size of planets.B. The position of planets around the earth.C. The speed of bodies in spaceD. The existence of asteroids.2.What does the author imply about G.Piazzi in paragraph 1?A.He was not trained as an astronomer.B.He worked closely with H.Olbers.C.He was not a member of the “Celestial police”D.He discovered the four largest asteroids.3.It can be inferred from the information in paragraph 1 that H.OlbertsA.was not looking for 2 Pallas when he found it.B.discovered the largest asteroid.C.discovered many asteroids a few years after finding 4 Vesta.D.worked closely with J.Harding.4.The author implies that the nineteenth-century astronomers mentioned inparagraph 1 believed thatA.Astronomers should work on projects other than asteroids.B.astrophotography was a valuable tool.C.more time should be spent searching for asteroids.D.asteroids were dangerous because they might strike Earth.5.It can be inferred from the information in paragraph 2 that asteroids in a familyA.always have a common origin.B.are closer together than those in groupC.all have the same shape.D.are brighter than those in a group6. What does the author imply about the three theories that he explains in paragraph 3?A.They are all valid theories.B.The first two theories are no longer considered valid.C.All three theories have been proved to be false.D.The third theory is older than the first two.7. What can be inferred from the information in paragraph 6 about the asteroid named 2002MNA.It has a temporary nameB.It was the two-thousandth and second asteroid to be discoveredC.It discoverer‟s first name began with M and last name began with ND.It was discovered in January of 20028. What can be inferred from the information in paragraph 6 about the asteroid named 433 Eros?A.It is named for a female character from mythologyB.It was discovered in 433A.D.C.Its orbit has never been calculated.D.It was the four-hundred and thirty-third asteroid to be discovered9. It can be inferred that the first 333 asteroids to be discoveredA. All had feminine namesB. Were all named for mythological characters.C. All were given the names of historical persons.D. Were all named form their discoverers10. Which of the following can be inferred from the information in paragraph 6?A.Smaller asteroids move faster than medium-sized asteroids.rge asteroids are easy to detect if they approach the earth.C.The bigger the asteroid, the more destructive it might beD.Even if a large asteroid misses the Earth, it might cause damage.III. Rhetorical Purpose Questions: purpose means WHY, purpose questions ask WHY the author of a passage uses a certain piece of information in the passage.For example: The question may ask you why the authore a certain example2.Makes a comparison3.Quote a sentenceTips or Steps: Purpose questionsusually askyou why author cites an example, quotesa sentence or make a comparison. If the author cites an example, the answer usually will be immediate before the example; For quotation, read the whole sentence, the answer can be reached by the quoted sentence,Exercise:Beach ErosionThe Sea has been rising relative to the land for hundreds of years, geologists say, but the rise has accelerated over the last few decades. The Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States have eroded an average of two or three feet, the Gulf Coast even faster. In some places the erosion has even been more dramatic. Highland Light, the oldest lighthouse on Cape Cod, was 400 feet from the sea when it was built in 1797. Now it is only about 100 feet from the ocean. Just in the last years, a series of harshwinter storms has eaten up over forty feet of the beach in from of the lighting house.The United States has over 19,000 miles of beaches, and nearly half of the population of the United States lives within 50 miles of the coast. Some estimates claim that between 80%-90% of the U.S. coastline is eroding. And the problem is not confined to the United States. Egypt, Thailand, India, the U.K., Australia, and Japan-almost every country that has a coastline-share this problem. During storms, the action of heavy waves carries sand into the sea and leaves it on the ocean floor. During calm period, erosion reverses. Sand is slowly moved landward by the action of gentler waves. In recent times, however, the build up of sand has not kept pace with erosion. In many places, sand has been replaced by sediment.Lately, the leading cause of the increased rate of beach erosion has been global warming. Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane are generated by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels. These gases are accumulating in the atmosphere, trapping in the sun‟s heat. Forests are being cut down, leaving fewer trees to remove carbon dioxide from the air. Global warming has likely increased the frequency of severe storm that tear sand from beaches. Average temperatures are likely to rise higher in the near future, melting glaciers and polar ice caps, causing the level of the sea to rise, and making coastal erosion even worse.Clearly, something must be done. Too many people live and vacation in Miami Beach, Atlantic City, Malibu, Galveston, and Honolulu to simply allow roads, houses, and resorts to fall into the sea. Many engineers maintain that the best way to protect coast is build protective structures such as sea walls and breakwater to protect beaches from the ravages of storms. These structures have been tried in a number of places along the U.S. coastline and in other countries, notably Japan.The problem with defensive structures is that they often don‟t work. One study, In fact, has shown that these structures accelerate the erosion of beaches. The states of Maine, North Carolina, and South Carolina have banned the building of these structures. Some communities have tried another solution: beach replenishment (also called beach nourishment). These programs simply replace lost sand with sand from deeper parts of the ocean or in the case of some California beaches, with sand brought in by trucks from the deserts. These programs are costly. It costs over US $1 million to replenish one mile of beach. Again, however, this method of preserving beaches is of dubious value. Another study shows that only 10% of replenished beaches have lasted more than five years. In some locations, the supply of suitable sand is limited. And the quality of the sand used for replenishment is seldom as high as the sand that it replaces.Q1: The author illustrates the problem of beach erosion in part bying Highland Light as a dramatic example of how severe beach erosion can beB.exploring the economic cost beach erosion on one seaside community.paring the situation at Highland Light with similar places in other countries.D.saying that the situation on Cape Cod is typical for most seaside communities.Q2: The author probably mentions the fact that nearly half of the population of the United States lives within fifty miles of the coast to show thatA.patterns of population distribution in the United States are changing,B.beach erosion affects a vast number of people in the United StatesC.the problem in the United States is more severe than it is in many other countries.D.beach erosion is not a concern for more than half of the population of the UnitedStates.Q3: The author explains global warming byA.giving its causes and showing how it affects beach erosionparing and contrasting it with other causes of beach erosionC.giving examples of ways to reduce its impact.D.evaluating how it may actually reduce beach erosion.Q4: The author mentions Japan in paragraph 4 because Japan has1.banned the use of protective structures2.ignored the problem of beach erosion3.tried beach replenishment programs4.built seawalls and breakwaters.Q5: The author cites the two studies in the passage in order to1.suggest that the sea is not rising as fast as was originally believed.2.strengthen the engineers‟ claim that protective structures and beachreplenishment are necessary.3.propose two new solutions to the problem of beach erosion.4.support his own position about protective structures and beach replenishment. Q6: It can be inferred the author of this passage1.opposes the use of both protective structures and beach replenishment2.believes beach replenishment would be more effective than protectivestructures.3.oppose any actions to prevent beach erosions.4.denies that beach erosion is a serious problemIV. Sentence Restatement(highlighted) QuestionsDefinition: Present a sentence from the passage, then asks you to choose the sentence from the answer choices that best restates or summarize the information in the original sentence.Characteristics:1.The correct choice will not look like the original sentence. It will use differentgrammar and vocabulary. Sometimes, use synonyms as a substitute.2.Correct choice may eliminate details and examples from original sentence. Itmay simplify and summarize the original sentence.3.Incorrect choices may1.Omit important information from original sentence, not the completesummarization.2.Change the meaning of the original sentence，usually the logicalrelationship between the sentences has been changed.Tips or steps:1.Break the sentences into 2-3 ideas and find the correct relationship amongsentences.Exercises:Passage 1:In some cases, a warning call or a threatening pose may be the only defense that is needed, but in other cases, intruders may refuse to leave peacefully and a battle for the territory takes place.Q 1: Which of the following sentences best express the essential information in the sentence in bold?ually a warning call is all that is required to get the invading bird to leave,but sometimes a threatening pose is also needed.2.If an intruder is threatened by the pose of the bird that occupies the territory, astruggle will take place.3.Sometimes the invader can be frightened away, but sometimes the defendermust fight.4.The intruder generally frightens the defender with warning calls andthreatening poses.Which of the following sentences if closed in meaning to the sentence in bold in the passage above?Passage 2It is also possible, of course, that people are concerned with several of these classes of motivation simultaneously, as would be the case if, on the same day, a person installed a fire safety alarm (satisfying a need for protection) and joined a folk-dancing club (satisfying a need for belonging).Q2: which of the following sentences best restates the information in the sentence in bold?1.People may satisfy more than one of Maslowe‟s categories of needs at thesame time.2.Obviously, for some people, installing a fire safety alarm is more importantthan joining a social club.3. A typical person is more motivated to satisfy a higher-level need, such as the。

2023年中国托福考试年终总结：阅读理解题型解析与解题技巧

2023年中国托福考试年终总结：阅读理解题型解析与解题技巧2023年中国托福考试年终总结：阅读理解题型解析与解题技巧2023年的中国托福考试已经过去了，考生们也已经收到了成绩。

作为其中的一项重要考试内容，阅读理解一直是考生们头疼的难题。

因此，在本文中，我们将详细解析2023年中国托福考试的阅读理解题型，并提供相应的解题技巧，以帮助各位考生更好地备考和应对此类题目。

第一部分：阅读理解题型解析2023年的中国托福考试阅读理解部分一共包含了3篇文章，每篇文章后面有5到7道题目。

这些题目共分为以下几种类型：1. 主旨题：考查读者对文章主题的理解，要求考生准确把握文章的中心思想。

2. 细节题：考查读者对文章内容的掌握程度，要求考生能准确地回答细节问题。

3. 推断题：考查读者通过推理和联想推断文章中未明确提及的事实或观点。

4. 词汇题：考查读者对上下文的理解和词汇掌握，要求考生根据文章上下文猜测词义。

5. 反义题：考查读者对文章的理解和推理能力，要求考生根据文章中语言表述的反义来回答问题。

6. 正误判断题：考查读者对文章中陈述的内容的理解和判断能力，要求考生准确判断陈述是否正确。

7. 排序题：考查读者根据文章的逻辑关系，把文章中的事件或观点按照时间先后或者重要性排序。

第二部分：解题技巧除了熟悉题型，还需要掌握一些解题技巧，以帮助我们更好地答题。

1. 充分利用文章第一段文章第一段通常会简要介绍文章内容和主题，所以在做题之前，应该先认真阅读第一段，以此来了解文章主旨，并且提前了解可能会涉及到的话题。

2. 快速寻找答案托福阅读理解要求的不只是正确回答问题，更为重要的是要在规定时间内完成所有题目。

因此，在解题过程中，要学会快速阅读，迅速找到文章中的关键信息。

在这一过程中，有些词汇或句子并不重要，可以略过，而有些则需要特别注意。

3. 学会精确定位为了快速寻找答案，我们需要学会精确定位。

方法是要记住问题的选项，然后在文章中逐一查找答案。

新托福阅读10大题型超强解析

新托福阅读10大题型超强解析新托福考试的10大题型是什么？该怎么去解决呢？下面小编给大家带来新托福阅读10大题型超强解析，希望大家喜欢。

新托福阅读10大题型超强解析1.托福阅读的细节题(Factual Information)解法：a. 提取题干中关键词定位原文段落中关键词所在的所有句子. 阅读定位句理解。

c. 正确选项是正确定位句的同义转述或者同义改写。

必须在意思上和语言逻辑结构上完全符合定位句。

细节的题的错误选项主要有以下几种：a. 该选项的全部或者局部出现了该段落根本就没有涉及的信息，概念，特有名词等等。

b. 原文定位句没有出现比较级，最高级一类的语言现象，但是选项中出现了这种无端的比较。

c. 选项中出现了定位句范围以外的信息，尽管这些信息在本段落中的确被完全提及。

d. 选项中有某些形容词或者副词起到了加重语气从而使选项的叙述程度甚至方向发生了改变脱离原文语言风格叙述。

注意：做细节题必须定位，切忌凭自己阅读后的总体感觉不定位某句话而做题。

2. 托福阅读的事实否定题解法：定位题干关键词回原文。

正确选项应具备：a. 原文未提及的. 与原文叙述矛盾的;3. 当选项中同时出现看似未提及和明显矛盾的选项时，优先选择明显矛盾的选项。

所以，在其他类型题目能作为正确选项的在这种题型中均是错误答案。

3. 托福阅读的推论题(Inference)解法：提取题干中的关键词回文定位所有出现关键词的句子，综合各句提取结论性的信息。

该类信息通常不会被原文直接以字面意思表达出来，通常是言外之意。

错误选项的特征与细节题的错误选项特征基本相同。

一般对于推论题来说，更保险的方法是用排除法做题。

如果能排除3个错误选项，即使正确选项找不到定位点也可以把题目做出来。

但是使用排除法前提是必须阅读理解到足够多的信息。

这对阅读能力的要求是相对较高的。

4. 托福阅读的修辞题解法：关键词回文定位。

先阅读定位词所在的句子，然后读其下面的句子。

如果发现后面在叙述中出现了两个事物，或者多个事物之间的比较，类比关系。

托福阅读新旧题型比较及应对技巧

托福阅读新旧题型比较及应对技巧1995年8月开始，TOEFL考试对词汇与阅读理解部分作了调整，词汇测试不再以单句形式进行，而是融会到阅读理解题中，让考生根据上下文辨别词义，其目的是通过更大的、更具体的语言环境来测试词汇的意义。

新题型共有5—6段阅读的短文，并且增加了对每段短文的提问，由原来的4—7道题改为8一12道题，但问题的总数由原来的60道题改为50道题，此部分时间由45分钟延至55分钟，分数量表不变。

一、新旧题型对比1、旧题型VOCABULARY -30 questionsREADING COMPREHENSION -30 questionsTOTAL TIME -45 minutesTOTAL QUESTIONS -60 questions2、新题型READING COMPREHENSION -50 questionsTOTAL TIME -55 minutesTOTAL QUESTIONS -50 questions题型的变化可以说令人喜忧参半：忧的是阅读量增加了，由原来每篇200一300个词，累计2000词左右，变为现在的每篇约450词，共计3000一4000词，使原不就“紧俏”的时间更显珍贵；喜的是题目少了，且其中相当一部分是词汇题，考查的又多是常用词，只要有比较丰富的词汇：过、解答这种题就相当容易。

若碰到生词，在一篇文章的语言环境中，完全可以通过分析、推理判断出来，这要比从一句话中使猜词义容易得多。

二、阅读理解的基本对策全面备战TOEFL考试的阅读理解、必须抓好“一个中心，两个基本点”，即以词汇量为中心，扩大知识面，提高阅读速度。

1.坚持扩大词汇量和阅读量众所周知，丰富的词汇量是提高阅读理解能力的先决条件。

试想，面对一篇满是生词的文章，何谈阅读?何谈理解?更不用提解题技巧了2但是扩大词汇量决不是一朝一夕就能办得到的，必须循序渐进，积少成多，集腋成裘。

首先，精选一本好的TOEFL词汇书，书中应全面收集近l0年来TOEFL考试中出现的词汇。

【托福提分】详解托福阅读9大题型的解题技巧

【托福提分】详解托福阅读9大题型的解题技巧点课台教育为各位托友整理了一篇关于托福阅读考试答题技巧的文章介绍，希望对大家的考试有所帮助！1.词汇题1)上下句之间的逐词对应。

2)And——平行或递进，Or——平行。

3)句子内部逻辑，段落内部逻辑。

4)反义（明反，隐反）。

5)合成词的切割。

6)熟词僻意。

7)意思沾边就对。

2.文章的主干1)主要观点。

2)段落大意——正确选项。

3)小心泛泛而谈的选项。

4)错误选项是细枝末节。

5)主要观点在正确选项。

6)View Text, View Question.3.Table题1)“主要内容”与“组织方式”。

2)正确答案位置区分。

3)错误选项的特征：错误信息。

4)文章不包含的话题或未分类的内容。

5)当选项是句子时，可能选择那些看起来和原文更加不相似的选项；这个说法反过来也试用。

4.细节题1)不一定相同词性对应。

2)无论怎样的解题路径，两种题目都对同一能力进行考察：Paraphrase/长难句。

2)Except对全文出题，则选项在原文中按顺序排列。

3)Except对一段出题，则选项不一定按顺序。

5.句子插入题1)非唯一主干。

2)Tips: 数词，代词，某些动词，某些引导词。

6.句子简化1)主要意思相同；错误选项可能表达正确的意思；主要意思≠最多意思。

2)逻辑关系要正确：比较级>转折因果条件>平行并列。

3)最高级很危险。

7.代题1)一般在前面的文章中可以找到这种信息。

2)所有格代词，指代前面最接近的名词。

3)主语对应主语，宾语对应宾语。

4)平行结构（除了平行原则，其他均要验证）。

5)注意单复数——需要验证。

8.修饰目的题找例子前的话，及与例子体现关系的词。

9.推理题1)反义。

2)从属（整体与部分）。

3)其他（提出方式与自己推论）。

以上就是我们点课台教育为各位考生整理的关于托福阅读考试最有效的答题技巧介绍，希望考生积极做好备考工作，及时调整好状态，努力在托福阅读考试中取得理想的成绩！。

新托福阅读11大题型

上海环球托福今天给大家带来的是新托福阅读的11大题型的介绍、解析以及做题技巧。

但是，需要值得注意的是技巧的使用是建立在一定实力的基础上的，也就是说该技巧说明没有雪中送炭的作用，仅作锦上添花之效。

而该技巧说明中的一个“懂”字是成败的关键所在。

这点还望切记。

题型一词汇题：题型特征：l The author use…to mean …../applies to ...is close to the meaning of …/applies to/ close to the meaning of …做题方式：一、背单词二、联系上下位进行推断。

（肯定能从原文找到对应，但是，有时要花费大量时间。

）—同向关系：因果、解释说明、修饰—反向关系：转折—概括：联系该段主旨题型二事实信息题：题型特征：l According to the text, which of following …/according to (特殊疑问词引导/ 不包含推理题标志词（infer, imply, most likely））做题方式：1. 读懂题干并确定关键词；2. 读原文并尽量定位到一句句子；3. 读懂该句句子；4. 看选项，排错，选对。

注意：要确定题干一定是看懂了，这样读原文的时候遇到答案句才会有目标。

题型三推断题：题型特征：l According to the text, which of following …. Inferred/ infer / imply /suggest/ most likely / probably mean / probably true / conclude做题方式：1. 读懂题干并确定关键词；2. 读原文并尽量定位到一句句子；3. 读懂该句句子；4. 看选项，排错选对；5. 若无法判断或者排除了所有选项，回原文读懂定位句的前一句和后一句6. 再回选项，排错选对。

题型四同义句改写、简化题型特征：l Which of the following best express the essential information of the highlight paragraph?做题方式：1. 略读定位句之前的内容，简单了解该段主旨；2. 略读定位句并确定重大关系；—重大关系：并列（and）、转折（but\however\nonetheless\nevertheless\although\even though\despite\in spite of ）、因果(because\for\since\so\therefore\thus\hence\result from(in)\reason\lead to\casuse)、目的结果（in order to\so that）、条件（when\if）3. 精读定位句确定重大关系的内容并简单提炼；4. 看选项排错选对；—易错选项：因果倒置、转折对换等5. 若无重大关系，确定句子重心；—句子重心：句子主干（包括主句的主语&谓语和从句的主语和谓语）、分词（doing\done 在句首往往表达原因，在句尾往往表达结果）题型五插入句子题型特征：l Indicate which of the following squares should be added by the following sentences. ….?做题方式：1. 精读黑体字并寻找代词；—代词：this\that\these\those\it\they\its\their\his\her2. 确定指代的内容（pron. + n.）；3. 略读原文并寻找指代内容；4. 将黑体字加入含有指代内容的句子之后，通读原文，判断上下句联系是否紧密；5. 若不通顺，回原文寻找其他指代；6. 若无代词，判断黑体字与原文的重大关系和逻辑线索（前因后果）。

toefl 阅读题型及技巧

词汇题The word/phrase X is closest in meaning to…The word/phrase X could be best replaced by…Tips :生僻词/短语→利用上下文帮助理解词意；熟词→不要贸然选择那些常见义项，一般会考察熟词僻意，必须通过研究该词语所在的语境来确定意思指代题The word X refers to…Tips:指代的内容一般在着重标示的词语前面；注意指代词的单复数；注意一些特殊代词，例如the former, the latter等；代词的格在一定的情况下也可以作为判断的标准；最终还是要根据句子结构或逻辑意思进行判断句子简化题Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information…?Tips:多积累同义词，反义词；注意句子结构的变化，如先因后果变成先果后因，被动变成主动，等等；注意指代词，正确的释义可能会用指代的内容来代替介词；必须涵盖句子里面的核心信息，不能缺失；注意句子里的逻辑关系词，如转折，因果等，但要注意逻辑关系的所在位置以及它的消失与出现句子插入题Look at the four squares [■]…Tips:先研究要被插入的句子，再看每个待插入位置的前后语境；注意过渡词，如however ,thus, additionally ;注意指代词，包括要插入部分的句子里面的指代词，以及文中的指代词，找准指代对象，很容易就能找到正确的插入位置；注意时间，地点，人物等形成的逻辑关系；根据句子和段落的意思来判断所处位置事实细节题According to paragraph X…It is stated in paragraph X…It is indicated in paragraph X…It is mentioned in paragraph X…Tips: 1.先读清题目，找出题目的关键词。

托福阅读题型及其解法汇总

托福阅读题型及其解法汇总❖句子简化题❖解题思路一、读原句，判定句子构成❖英语句式构成Simple sentenceCompound sentence❖Complex sentenceCompound Complex sentence二、拆分句子、抓基本标点，关键词及联系性表达三、分析选项、判断正确答案❖题型特点一、题干关键词：best express ；essential information ；Incorrect answer二、对essential information 的明确三、关于答案1. 正确答案特点：A. 一般与原句结构基本一致B.包含原句所有基本信息2. 错误答案特点：A. 扭曲或改变原句中基本信息之间的逻辑关系B. 过度夸大某一个或某部分基本信息C. 缺少某一个或部分基本信息❖题型总结一、平均每篇阅读一道题二、解题方式对文章理解具有启发性三、重点关注句子结构（意群）与叙述层次❖第二种问题类型细节题Factual Information questions❖典型提问方式According to the paragraph, which of the following is true of X? The author’s description of X mentions which of the following? According to the paragraph, X occurred because…According to the paragraph, X did Y becauseAccording to the paragraph, why did X do Y?The author’s description of X mentions which of the following?❖解题思路一、明确题干关键词及问题方向二、代关键词入原文三、联系上下文，作出选择❖题型特点一、关键词特点不可替换、独特（组合词、长词、数字、非高频）二、答案信息通常在1到2句话中三、考察形式多变，但基本思路不变❖题型总结一、测试中所占数量较大，每篇文章三至六道题二、解题所用时间相对其他题型较短，但需注意命题方式的变化三、考试得分主体和重点，亦为易出错题型❖第三种问题类型排除列举题Negative Factual information questions❖典型提问方式According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of X? The author’s description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT ❖解题技巧一、看题干明确关键词二、看选项内容，明确各选项重心三、带入文章，注意各选项对应文章的叙述层次，并作出选择注：句子列举为主，词组及单词列举较少❖题型特点一、与事实型题目解题思路基本相似，但需关注流程差异二、答案特点1.原文没有2.与原文对立或不真实（根据题目）3.内容通常涉及文章多个部分三、英文列举的形式Such as n1, n2, n3A, B and/or C❖题型总结一、平均每篇阅读零到两道题二、解题过程用时较长，但需认真解决三、明确答案的同时关注文章篇章论点或段落论点的展开方式❖第四种问题类型推理题 Inference questions❖典型提问方式Which of the following can be inferred about X?The author of the passage implies that X…Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about X?❖解题思路一、看题干，判断题型，标记关键词二、带关键词入原文，注意文章对于关键词叙述的方式及层次三、读原文，对备选项进行辨析并在其中判断答案❖题型特点一、关注逻辑关系（逻辑推理），综合归纳多个信息点二、可排除的答案特点1.原文直接内容（事实性表达）2.与原文无关内容三、与直接事实题（Factual Information Question）区别1、关键词数量2、答案参考文章内容的范围3、选项与文章定位点的关系❖题型总结一、在整个阅读中所占数量较少，但难度较大二、解题常采用排除法，注意直接逻辑推理关系三、解题用时相对部分题型较长，选项辨析注意细节表达❖第五种问题类型修辞目的性题目 Rhetorical Purpose questions❖典型提问方式The author discusses X in paragraph 2 in order to …Why does the author mention X?The author uses X as an example of …The author mention X in order to …❖解题思路一、判断命题方向，上下文结构抑或是观点与举例二、阅读全句或简读段落指定部分，把握前后句或多句叙述逻辑及基本关系三、根据前后句修饰或段内各句间逻辑关系对选项进行选择。

托福阅读各题型结构及解题方法

托福阅读各题型结构及解题方法托福阅读各题型的结构是怎么样的呢?考生应该如何去解答托福阅读题型呢?为了帮助大家高效备考托福阅读，小编在这里为大家整理了托福阅读10大题型的详解，希望对大家托福阅读提分有帮助。

托福阅读各题型结构及解题方法一、事实信息题同义改写原则1.读题干，找到其中的关键词2.根据关键词，定位到原文中的有效信息3.正确答案是原文有效信息的同意改写4.选项定位法，逐个击破二、否定事实信息题排除原则1.选项定位法2.核对题干信息三、修辞目的题细节原则1. 看选项中的动词从文中找逻辑排除(demonstrate/contrast/refute…)2. 重点看本句(细节题)前一两句(观点)，关注段首句(段落观点)3.选择同义改写四、推断题排除原则1. 根据原文有效信息选项定位法，逐个击破2.不可过分推，宁可推少，不可推多;宁可保守，都不过分推理3.思路上可以有取反或取非五、句子简化题逻辑对应原则1.正确选项必须包含原句主要信息(主干)，修饰信息可删除，可同义改写，可概括总结;2.最好用的逻辑关系词对照：因果(原因对原因，结果对结果);转折让步比较(虽然对虽然，但是对但是)3.and前后信息有前必有后，不能缺失前后信息六、句子插入题承上启下原则先看插入句找线索，三大线索分别是代词，逻辑连接词和结构七、指代题联系上下文原则指代对象一般为前一句的主语或宾语(主优先于宾八、词汇题熟词直选原则认识单词直接选;不认识根据上下文的逻辑猜测九、六选三题总结观点原则1. 全文主题2. 一个或多个段落的主旨大意十、图表题总结全文原则1.根据引导词先大定位2.匹配与引导词语义相关的选项，排除与引导词无关/错误的选项托福技巧：托福阅读常考的几类专业词汇托福阅读：1. 人：学术阅读中最常出现的就是各种科学家，以ist 和er结尾居多。

例如：anthropologist，archaeologist，paleontologist，zoologist，geographer，astronomer(人类学家，考古学家，古生物学家，动物学家，地理学家，天文学家)这类的词汇大家无需记住拼写，只要在阅读中出现可以辨认就足以。