征信专业词汇讲解

征信专业词汇一、机构名称Consumer Credit-Reporting Agencies 个人征信机构Credit Reference Agency 征信机构Credit Bureau信用局/征信机构（私营征信机构，一般也做征信机构返称）Credit Registry 信贷登记机构（公共）Commercial Credit Reporting Agency企业征信机构Credit Reporting Service Providers （Crsp）征信服务提供机构（国际金融公司征信知识指南用语）Experian 益百利Equifax 艾可飞Transunion 环联CRIF 科锐富（意大利）Veda Advantage 澳大利亚征信机构威达优势公司Schufa 夏华（德国）Teikouku Data Bank,TDB 帝国数据银行（日本）Tokyo Shoko Research,TSR 东京工商调查公司（日本）National Credit Bureau of Thailand 泰国国家征信局CIBIL 印度信用信息有限公司Creditinfo冰岛征信机构科瑞迪福FICO费埃哲D&B 邓白氏BIIA 亚太-中东征信协会（商业信用信息行业协会）ACCIS 欧洲征信协会European Credit Research Institute，ECRI 欧洲信贷研究所Centre for European Policy Studies，CEPS 欧洲政策研究中心The European Financial Management Association, EFMA 欧洲金融管理协会ESMA欧洲证券和市场管理局EACRA欧洲信用评级组织联合会Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, CFPB 美国消费者金融保护局The Federal Trade Commission（FTC）联邦贸易委员会Ponemon Institute波耐蒙研究所,是美国一家专门对隐私、数据保护和信息安全政策进行独立研究的机构二、信息采集Rules of Reciprocity 互惠原则Voluntary Contribution of Information 自愿报送信息Comprehensive / Full-File Credit Reporting 全面征信Positive Data 正面数据Negative Data 负面数据Thin-File Individuals薄信用报告者（缺少传统信用信息的人）Nontraditional Credit Data 非传统信用数据Individual-Level Information 个人信息Consumer Credit Information 个人信用信息Firm-Level Information 企业信息Reference Data 参考信息/个人基本信息（用来进行借款申请人的身份验证）Header Information 信用报告报告头数据（当前和历史住址、年龄、职业等信息）Public Information 公共信息Electoral Rolls 选民名册Identity Records 身份信息Court Judgments 法院判决信息Company Registration Records 企业工商注册信息Trade Lines Data/Credit Account Information / Payment Behavior Information正面还款数据或信用账户数据（一般包括借款额、还款额、账户状态、透支等按月更新的账户还款数据）Inquiry Database 查询数据库Proven Fraud File 已确定为欺诈的信息Application Form Information申请表信息Historical Data 历史数据Defaults on Previous Credit Transactions 信用交易违约信息Previous Searches/Inquiries 历史查询信息Outstanding Accounts 透支账户Credit Limits 信用额度Overdue Amount 逾期未还额Past Due 逾期Exposure to Credit 信贷敞口Overall Indebtedness 总负债额Ability and Willingness to Pay 还款能力和还款意愿Loan/Account Type 贷款账户类型Lending Institution 放贷机构Borrower’s Assets and Liabilities 借款人资产负债情况Debt Maturity 债务期限情况Installment Amount 分期还款额Current Balance 当前透支余额On-Time Payments 按时还款Pattern of Repayments 还款方式Default Rate 违约率Insolvencies无力偿还Borrowing Propensity借款倾向Remaining Balance未偿还额Probability of Payment 还款概率Collateral and Guarantee Data 抵押和担保数据Revolving Balances 循环透支Raw Data 原始数据Derived Variables 衍生变量Upload the Data 加载数据Data Aggregation 数据整合Cross-Referencing 交叉核对Cross Check 交叉核验信息Nonbank Creditors 非银行信贷机构Microfinance Lenders/Institutions 微型金融机构Rent And Utility Payments Information房租和公用事业支付信息Microfinance Institutions 微型金融机构Real-Time Data Governance 实时数据治理Data Breaches 数据外泄Flagging 添加标识Credit Profile 信用档案Big Data 大数据Corporate Linkage 企业关联Statement of Account会计报表Account Current往来帐目Current Accout 往来帐户Joint Account共同账户Outstanding Account透支/未决帐项Credit Account/Creditor Account贷方帐项Debit Account/Debtor Account借方帐项Account Payable应付帐款Account Receivable应收帐款New Account新交易/新帐户Old Account未决帐户Cash Account现金帐户Overdue Account/Pastdue Account逾期账户Bad Account呆帐Title of Account会计项目Account-Book会计薄/帐薄Discount 贴现Discount Rate/Bank Rate 贴现率三、数据库运营Data Storage/ Storing 数据存储Receiving, Checking and Loading Data数据接收、检验和加载Interface Software接口软件Operating Software 运营软件Application Software 应用软件Upgrading Frequency 更新频度Data Management Processes 数据管理流程DMP 数据管理平台Data Processing 数据处理Data Distributing数据提供Encrypt Data 对数据加密Data Cleansing 数据清理Data Migration数据迁移Data Volume 数据量Data Accuracy 数据准确性Credit-Granting Decisions 授信决策Field 字段Data Element 数据项Financially Stressed Consumers 财务紧张的消费者Origination System 信贷发起系统Credit Issuance 信贷发放Data Sets数据集Audit Trail Information (有关数据库操作的)审计跟踪记录信息Relational Database 关系型数据库Mainframe Database 大型主机数据库Collateral Register担保物权登记部门Access to And Exchange of Credit Data 数据获取与交换Pre-Processing Data 数据预处理Data Retrieval 数据检索Check Sum 校验总合/总校验码Fuzzy Matching 模糊匹配Back-Out Data 返还数据（当报数出现错误时）Backups and Mirroring of Database 数据库备份System Maintenance and Upgrades 系统维护和升级VPN 虚拟专用网System Capacity 系统容量Failover System 灾备系统(主系统发生故障时的临时服务系统) Data Disclosure 数据披露Data Security 数据安全Data Redress Mechanism 数据修复机制四、信用报告与增值服务Mapping & Planning of Credit Reporting Products 征信产品布局和规划Value-Added Services (Vas) 增值服务Customer Life Cycle 客户信贷生命周期Prospecting and Marketing 潜在客户筛选和市场营销Customer Profiling 客户特征分析Demographics 人口信息（年龄、职业、婚姻状态等个人特征信息等）Geo-Demographic Data 地理人口统计信息（在某个地理区域层级上汇总的人口信息）Prospect Lists 潜在客户名单Mail Screening 邮递筛选New Customer Acquisition 新客户获取Credit Scoring信用评分Expansion Score For Thin File Population 面向薄报告人群（缺少信用信息）的扩展评分ID Verification 身份认证Fraud Detection Service欺诈检测服务File Cross-Referencing文档交叉核对Fraud Scoring欺诈评分Payment Fraud 支付欺诈Application Fraud 申请欺诈E-Payments Fraud 电子支付欺诈Identity Theft Protection 防身份盗窃Credit Capacity Indicator 信贷能力指数Application Fraud Prevention 申请欺诈防范Fraud Shield 欺诈防范Misuse of Facility 账户滥用Alert Service (about Potentially Distressed Consumers) 对发生财务压力的借款人向贷款机构发出预警Fisk Triggers 风险触发器Credit Application Processing System 信贷申请处理系统Customer Relationship Management System客户关系管理系统Portfolio Monitoring 信贷组合监控Cross Sell/Up Sell交叉销售／追加销售Customized Value-Adding Tools 个性化(定制)增值产品Behavioral Scoring System 行为评分系统Data Mining数据挖掘Data Modeling数据建模Fine Tune 微调（指根据数据的变化对模型进行的调整）In-House Outreach Training 内部推广培训Bureau Score 局评分Statistical Model统计模型Mathematical Algorithm 数学算法Risk-Based Pricing Rules 基于风险的定价规则Retrospective Data Processing and Analysis 数据回溯与分析服务Score Monitoring, Validation 评分模型监测、验证Model Risk Governance Service模型风险治理服务Portfolio Risk Segmentation 信贷组合风险分类In-House Custom Scores 内部定制评分Batch Screening 批量筛选Ad-Hoc Inquiry 单笔查询Stress Testing压力测试Credit Officer 信贷员Automated Decision-Making Systems自动决策系统Cut-Offs （对好坏客户的）筛选规则Softeware Applications 应用软件Credit Underwriting Process 信贷审批流程Credit Decisioning 信贷决策流程Consumer Information Solutions 消费者信息解决方案（面向机构的征信或其他信息服务）Collections贷款催收Tracing/Skip Tracing Services 逃废债人追踪Personal Solutions 个人解决方案（面向个人的征信服务）Interactive （征信机构面向个人的）互动式服务五、法律监管框架与国际标准Access to Finance 获取融资Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (Msmes) 小微企业Data Providers /Furnishers报数机构/数据提供者Credit Grantors授信机构Debt Collectors 债务催收机构Users 用户Data Subjects 数据主体Authorities /Regulators/ Supervisors 当局监管机构Consumer Credit Reporting Database个人征信系统Enterprise Credit Reporting Database企业征信系统Regulation on Credit Reporting Industry征信管理条例Consumer Protection Law 消费者保护法Data Protection Law 数据保护法Credit Reporting Activities 征信活动Consumer Right 消费者权益Financial Infrastructure 金融基础设施Regulatory Environment 监管环境Personal Screening and Due Diligence 手工筛选和尽职调查Overindebtedness 过度负债Complaints / Disputes /Contestation Settlement 异议处理Dispute Rate 异议率On- Site Inspection现场检查Administrative Sanctions 行政处罚Written Warning 书面警告Punitive Fines 罚款License （征信机构运营）许可Revocation of Business License 吊销运营许可PSI Directive 欧盟公共信息再利用指令Trade Payment Data 商业付款数据The General Principles for Credit Reporting 征信通用原则Doing Business Annual Report世界银行全球营商环境报告Responsible Lending负责任放贷Fair Trading and Financial Services Authority 美国公平交易和金融服务监管机构Treating Customers Fairly Requirements 监管机构关于“公平对待消费者”的要求Fair Credit Granting 公平授信Privacy And Data Protection 隐私和数据保护Citizens' Privacy 公民隐私权Consent (个人)授权Data Retention Periods 数据保存期限Fcra Resolution Process 公平信用报告法异议解决流程Disputants 异议提出人Modifications 更改Consumer Education and Outreach消费者教育与宣传Cross-Border Data Flows 跨境数据流动Fair and Accurate Credit Transaction Act 公平准确信用交易法案（美国，2003）Fair Credit Report Act 公平信用报告法（美国，1971）Equal Credit Opportunity Act 平等信用机会法（美国，1974）The Privacy Act 隐私权法（美国，1974）Children's Online Privacy Protection Act，Coppa 儿童在线隐私保护规则（美国，2000）Electronic Communications Privacy Act，Ecpa电子通信隐私法（美国，1986）Directives on Data Protection欧盟数据保护指令（欧盟，1995）共同体机构个人数据处理和流动保护规定（欧盟，2000）Public Sector Information Directive 公共部门信息指令（欧盟，2003）German Federal Data Protection Act 联邦数据保护法（德国，1977）The Law on Protection of Personal Information of Korea个人信息保护法（韩国，2011）Guidelines on The Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data个人数据跨境流动和隐私保护指南（经合组织，1980）Data Protection Act数据保护法案（英国，1998）Guide to Credit Scoring信用评分指南（英国,2000）Identity Cards Act 身份证法（英国，2006）Credit Bureau Law 信用局法（墨西哥，2002）Transparency and Access Law 信息公开和使用法（墨西哥，2002）六、其他IRB巴塞尔银行内部评级法Portfolio Mapping贷款组合分级管理Predictable Variables可预测变量Segmentation Variables 局部变量Structured Finance结构性融资Movable Registry System动产登记系统Receivable Registry应收账款质押登记系统Financial Leasing Registry System融资租赁登记系统E-Oscar （Automated Dispute System）美国互联网信用报告异议处理系统Equifax Financial Stability Exchange 艾可飞个人收入信息验证数据库Mortgage Providers 住房抵押贷款机构Peer-to-Peer Lenders 人人贷Building Societies 住房金融互助会社Motor Finance Companies 汽车金融公司Cloud Computing 云计算Web-Crawler Technology网页爬行技术Social Networks 社交网络Payday Lenders 发薪日贷款机构Social Media Data 社交媒体数据No Claims Discount (Ncd) Database 无理赔数据库Experian/Moody’s Analytics Small Business Credit Index 益百利/穆迪小企业信用指数Credit Information Index (全球营商环境报告)信用信息指数。