英语语法——感叹句,讲解、练习和答案
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感叹句
一般说来,感叹句是由what 或how 开头的,它有两个类型,六种句式。掌握了它的搭配,即掌握了感叹句的重点。
1.用what 引导的感叹句有三种句式,此时,what 为形容词,用作定语,修饰它后面的名词或名词词组(即感叹部分是名词性短语)。
1). What +a / an + 形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
e.g.: What a fine day it is!多么好的天气啊!(辅音音素前用a)
What an old building that is!那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊(元音音素前用an)2). What + 形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语!
e.g.: What good teachers they are!他们是多么好的老师啊!
What beautiful flowers these are!这些是多么美丽的花啊!
3). What + 形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!
e.g.: What thick ice we are having here!我们这儿的冰多厚啊!
What round bread it is!这是一块多么圆的面包啊!
2.用how 开头的感叹句也有三种句式,此时,how 是副词,用作状语,修饰后面的形容词、副词或动词。
4). How +形容词+主语+谓语!(即谓语动词是连系动词)
e.g.: How hot it is today!今天天气多热啊!
How beautiful the flowers are!这些花多么美丽啊!
5). How +副词+主语+谓语!
e.g.: How hard he works!他工作多么努力啊!
How well she sings!她歌唱得多好啊!
6). How + 主语+谓语!(即谓语动词是行为动词)
e.g.: How she dances!她跳舞跳得多好啊!
★注意:what 和how 引起的感叹句,在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。
e.g.: How cold (it is )!What a good girl!What delicious fish!
(三)陈述句变感叹句全解
4.如何判断是否使用冠词、使用什么样的冠词?
如果名词不可数,摒弃a, an不留情:名词的复数形式和不可数名词之前不使用冠词,以元音音素开头的词语之前用an,以辅音音素开头的词语之前用a。
e.g.: What beautiful sunshine it is today!(sunshine 不可数名词)
What a useful book this is!(useful 以辅音音素开头)
What an old house that is!(old 以元音音素开头)
(四)其它句式变感叹句
有时陈述句、疑问句(句中常有so或much)以及祈使句也可直接转化为感叹句,不需要改变词的位置,只要改变原来的音调(即变为降调)。
e.g.: He’s such a nice boy! 多好的孩子!How can you be so clever! 你怎么这么聪明!
Don’ go with us! 别和我们一起去!Have you ever seen such a thing? 你曾见过这种事情吗?
A 类: 一、选择题
1. _________ delicious the dish is!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
2. ________ strange clothes he is wearing!
A. What a
B. What
C. How a
3. ________ an interesting subject it is!
A. What
B. How
C. What an
4. ________ foggy it was yesterday!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
5. ________ careless a boy you are!
A. How
B. What a
C. What
6. ________ a nice watch it is!
A. How
B. What
C. What a
D. How a
7. ____ bright girls they are!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
8. ____ interesting the film is!(1998湖北)
A. What
B. What an
C. How
D. How an
9.________ sunny day! Let’s go out for a walk.(1999江西)
A. How a
B. How
C. What a
D. What
10. ________ hard work it is!(1999浙江)
A. How
B. What
C. What a
D. What an
11. ________ day it is! It’s rainy again. (1999江西)
A. How bad
B. What a bad
C. How fine
D. What a fine
12. _________ great day July 1,1997 will be! (1999上海)
A. How a
B. What a
C. How
D. What
13. _________ expensive trousers!(1999浙江)
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. What an
14. The sun is shining. fine day it is!
A. How
B. How a
C. What
D. What a
15. thick ice! Would you like to go skating?
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
16. cold it is today!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
17. it’s blowing!
A. What strong
B. How strong
C. How strongly
D. What strongly
18. ___ they are playing in the playground!