《汽车内部凸出物》问题汇总

序号项目/ECE R21条文问题1动态确定头部碰撞区Dynamic evaluation(ANNEX 8)1）实车碰撞试验（Vehicle impact tests）：a)这一条欧洲是怎样执行的？在什么情况下需要进行实车碰撞试验（Vehicle impact tests）?b)另外，可否借用其他法规（ECE R94）认证试验数据而减少试验次数。

c) 在驾驶员和前排乘员位置分别安装不同的假人(比如一个位置安装第5百分位女性,另一个位置安装第95百分位男性成年假人), 进行一次试验;对调假人,再进行一次试验.这样既可以节省假人,又可以减少试验次数,有什么问题?d) 一般后排乘员头部碰撞区是否通过动态方式确定？2）滑车试验（Sled tests）：a)如何进行试验，如何评价（希望提供检测过程演示图象）b) Para. 1.2.2. : ......respecting the above prescribed dummy familyand producing a direction of a forward displacement of the respectivedummies corresponding to the movement of the dummies during realfrontal impact tests according to paragraph 1.2.1. 划线内容与1.2.1.条实车碰撞试验（Vehicle impact tests）有什么联系,滑车试验（Sledtests）之前是否需要进行实车碰撞试验（Vehicle impact tests）? 对于斜体部分不理解.3）模拟碰撞试验（Simulated impact testing）：这一条欧洲是怎样执行的，一般采用哪些方式？4）欧洲是怎样进行视同判定的（ANNEX 8 Paragraph 3.）？对于动态方式以及ECE R21各有哪些视同原则?5）制造商提交哪些证明文件，可以免做试验（ANNEX 8 Paragraph4.）？认证机构认可制造商提交的证明文件的原则?2车窗、活动顶盖以及隔断系统的电操作(Power-operation of windows, roofpanels and partitionsystems)1） …power-operated roof-panel systems‟ 是否仅指天窗(见Annex 9的例图),是否还包括2.8条汽车(vehicle with opening roof)的"opening roof"?/ 这一条的要求是否仅针对天窗(见Annex 9的例图),是否还针对2.8条汽车的"opening roof"?2）不明白"Power-operated partition systems"/ "a non mechanicaldevice"是一个什么结构,请给一个实例.3）希望能够拿一个活动顶盖和隔断系统的实例，具体讲解一下，要做哪几项检查，每项检查各需要满足什么要求；检测要用到哪些检测设备，如何检测。

4) 如何进行5.8.2. Normal operating requirements的检查?5) 5.8.2.8.2. the operation distance between the actuation device andthe vehicle shall not exceed 11 m, provided that the system requires adirect line of sight between the actuation device and the vehicle. Thismay be tested by placing an opaque surface between the actuationdevice and the vehicle.划线部分的检测如何进行?6) 5.8.3. Auto-reversing requirements需要进行哪些检查,如何评价?7) 按照 5.8.3.1.3.检查5.8.3.1.1.的要求时,开口从200mm到4mm范围内，一般检查几个位置?希望提供试验棒规格和照片.8) 对于5.8.3.1.2.1. a position that permits a semi-rigid cylindrical rodof a diameter of 200 mm to be placed through the opening at thesame contact point(s) used to determine the reversing behaviour inparagraph 5.8.3.1.1.划线部分不理解.9) 5.8.5. Protection devices需要进行哪些检查,如何评价?10) 5.8.7. If a power-operated window, roof-opening and/ or partitionsystem is installed in a vehicle that can not be tested according to thetest procedures mentioned above the approval may be granted if themanufacturer can demonstrate an equal or improved protection-effectfor the occupants.什么情况下?制造商提供什么文件可以证明?3尖棱sharp edge(2.18.)1) 对尖棱sharp edge的理解?2)对于"its edges are blunted"如何判断?比如:5.1.7.1."Parts in other areas of the dashboard above the level of theinstrument panel, …..., shall be at least blunted."5.1.7.2."Parts of the dashboard above the level of the instrumentpanel, …..., shall be at least blunted."圆角半径为0.5mm作为评价标准?3) [Annex 10] Para. 2.18.的注解:"In case of a gap between the edge of a rigid material and the panel…...",请举一个gap的例子;"If the gap is located in a zone where a head impact test has to becarried out, the edges which can be contacted during the test(s)resulting from displacement of parts shall be protected by a minimumradius of 2.5 mm",请举一个检测的例子对划线部分进行说明.4前排座椅“H”点之前、仪表板上下分界线以上的乘员舱内部构件（侧门除外）（Forward interior parts ofthe passengercompartment above thelevel of the instrumentpanel in front of the frontseat H points, excludingthe side doors）(5.1.~5.1.7.2.)1) 怎样确定仪表板上做吸能试验的点,一般需要选多少点?2) 在做吸能试验时，对构件的破损如何进行判断,怎样的情况下判为会"增加乘员的危险或增加伤害的严重程度"([Annex 10]5.1.2.的注解/Annex4的1.4.的注解 ) ?3) [Annex 10] Para. 5.1.1. 的注解:"A sharp edge is an edge of a rigid material having a radius ofcurvature of less than 2.5 mm except in the case of projections of lessthan 3.2 mm, measured from the panel." 我们认为5.1的要求就是针对仪表板,因此这里的panel就是仪表板（IP）,这样理解对不对；如果不对,除仪表板外,还有哪些零件在5.1里要求?"......Grills are considered to comply with the regulations if they meetthe minimum requirements of the following table: "对于划线部分,我们认为这里只是说圆角半径OK,并不表明别的要求（比如吸能性）OK (如果需要对格栅做吸能试验, 就要满足Annex 4).4) "shall have a cross-sectional area of not less than 2 cm2, measured 2.5 mm from the point projecting furthest"(5.1.4.) ;"a cross-section not more than 6.5 mm from the point of maximum projection shall be not less than 6.50 cm2" (5.1.5.)语言表达上存在差异,5.1.4.中指 2.5 mm处的截面,而 5.1.5. 中指 6.5 mm范围内的任一个截面都必须满足面积要求,是这样理解吗?同样的情况出现在5．3．2．3. "......, shall have a surface area of at least 6.5 cm2 measured at a cross-section normal to the longitudinal horizontal direction up to a distance of 6.5 mm from the furthest projecting part,…... " 和 5.3.3.: "the control shall have a cross sectional area of at least 6.5 cm2, measured in a horizontal plane, not more than 6.5 mm from the furthest projecting part (measured in the vertical direction)."右边附图的情况是否满足要求?实际检测产品还是检查图纸?4) 本法规涉及主观判断的地方都如何处理,有没有判断规则?比如: [Annex 10] Para. 5.1.2. 的注解"During the test, it is determined whether parts within the impact zone used for reinforcement may be displaced or protrude so as to increase the hazards to passengers or the severity of injuries. "5.3.2.2. "…...shall become detached or bent: in the two latter cases no dangerous projections shall remain."5.5.1.2.3. "…...; in the latter case no dangerous projections shall remain" 没有尖棱或用手去摸不会划破出血或圆角半径为0.5mm 作为评价标准?5) 按照动态的方法决定头部碰撞区，碰撞区内需满足4.1.2~4.1.6的要求，仪表板水平线以上其他能被165mm球头触及的部分至少需要倒圆，请问该部分是否还需要满足4.3的要求？5前排座椅“H”点之前、仪表板上下分界线以下的乘员舱内部构件（侧门与脚踏板除外）Forward interiorparts of the passengercompartment belowthe level of the instrumentpanel and in front of thefront seat H points,excluding the side doorsand the edals(5.2.~5.2.4.)1) 这个封闭的杂物箱盖放下来可作为茶杯托,按照Annex 10对5.2.3.的注解,不必进行5.2.3.的检测,这样理解对不对?2) 本法规的要求都是针对位于最低的前排座椅“H”点以上的零件吗?3) 5.2.3.1.吸能性试验后,对是否产生尖角不进行检查?5.3.4.1、5.4.2.2、5.4.2.3以及5.7.1.2中吸能性试验后是否参照5.1.2进行伤害性判断？我们认为应该，原因是5.2.3.1模拟的是膝部撞击，可以不考虑表皮伤害，而其他部分都是模拟头部撞击，必须考虑表皮伤害！6通过最后排座椅上的人体模型躯干基准线的横截面之前的乘员舱其它内部安装件Other interior fittings inthe passengercompartment in front of thetransverse plane passingthrough the torso referenceline of the manikin placedon the rearmost seats（5.3. ~5.3.6.)1）在5.3.2.条中：a) 怎样判断一个构件能被乘员接触？b) 乘员能够接触的构件必须满足5．3．2．1～5．3．4的要求。