主谓一致(1)
主谓一致(1)
majority作主语时的主谓一致问题1.the majority表示“大多数”时,为集合名词;单独用作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:The majority agree [agrees] with me.大多数人同意我的意见。
The majority was [were] in favour of the proposal.多数人赞成这个建议。
但是若单独用的the majority后跟有复数表语,则谓语通常要用复数。
如:The majority are young people.大多数是年轻人。
2.“the majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数,但偶尔也可用单数。
如:The majority of his books are kept upstairs.他的大部分书藏在楼上。
The majority of people realize the importance of limiting population growth.大多数人意识到了限制人口的重要性。
The majority of students were [was] indifferent to the political meeting.大多数学生对政治集会漠不关心。
3.“the majority of+集合名词”用作主语时,谓语动词可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体)。
如:The vast majority of the population lives [live] in utter misery.这里的绝大多数人生活在极度贫困之中。
4.“the majority of+不可数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词总是用单数。
如:The majority of the work has been finished.大部分工作已完成。
The majority of the damage is easy to repair.这次的损害大部分容易补救。
第11讲 主谓一致(讲义)-2024年中考英语一轮复习讲练测(全国通用)(解析版)
►第11讲主谓一致(讲义)目录一复习目标掌握目标及备考方向二考情分析2023年中考主谓一致考情分析三网络构建知识点头脑风暴四名词考向1.主谓一致的原则2.主谓一致的应用3.提升必考题型归纳五真题感悟主谓一致经典考题【复习目标】1.掌握主谓一致的原则2.掌握主谓一致的应用【考情分析】主谓一致题型命题规律【网络构建】主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。
《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》对主谓一致仅要求理解。
近3年,主谓一致在中考英语试题主要集中在用动词适当形式填空、句型转换、汉译英、单项选择、完形填空及其它类型的填空题中都出现主谓搭配的试题,解答任务型阅读以及书面表达题型时,学生就必须考虑主谓一致。
因此,考生必须掌握主谓一致。
在学习过程中,要掌握主谓一致的基本用法及常见搭配。
近几年,主谓一致与时态、语态综合考查成为命题的方向。
考向一主谓一致的原则1.语法一致原则主要指语法形式上一致,即谓语动词必须在人称和数的形式上与主语保持一致,这一原则多适用于句子主语是名词或代词的情况。
➢He is a famous singer.➢The boys who are playing the guitar are my cousins.➢Life is full of the unexpected.➢ A sad movie makes me cry.➢Their mother cooks breakfast for them every morning.2.意义一致原则以主语表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单、复数。
这一原则多适用于句中主语为集体名词、“the+形容词/v-ed/v-ing”、以-s结尾的名词、what-从句;由and或both...and连接的并列主语;主语为时间、度量、价值、数目等意义的词语、某些不定代词、what、which、who等。
主谓一致重点和难点解析(一)
主谓一致重点和难点解析(一)一、并列主语受every, each修饰, 谓语用单数还是复数Every boy and girl ______ the film.Each boy and girl ______ the film.A. likes, likesB. like, likeC. likes, likeD. like, likes此题应选A。
该题容易误选B, 认为主语部分含有 boy 和girl 两部分, 应该用复数。
其实当两个并列主语受到 each, every, no等词修饰时, 其谓语通常要用单数:Each boy and (each girl was in white. 每个男孩和女孩都穿着白衣服。
Every man and woman was interested in it. 每一个男人和女人都对此感兴趣。
Each book and each paper was in proper place. 每本书和每张报纸都摆放得井井有条。
Every man and (every woman in the village knowsthis. 这个村子里的男男女女都知道这事。
Every boy and every girl is given an apple. 每个男孩和每个女孩都被发给一个苹果。
No teacher and (no student was present. 没有一个老师和学生出席。
He listened carefully, but no sound and no voice was heard. 他仔细地听, 但是没听到一点声音。
二、each用作主语同位语, 谓语用单数还是复数a. Each student ______ a dictionary.b. The students each ______ a dictionary.A. have, haveB. have, has C, has, have D. has, has此题应选C。
大学英语语法主谓一致 (1)
个性化教学辅导教案学员姓名:任课教师:黄老师所授科目:__英语___4、either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。
如:Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.注意:①在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。
如:Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ②若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。
如:None of us has (have) been to America.5、在定语从句时,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
如:He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。
这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。
如:Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.注意:people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。
如:The police are looking for the lost child.7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
主谓一致(第一、+二讲)课件-2023届高三英语一轮复习
• Mathematics is the study of numbers.
• 3)以-s结尾的地理名称
• 如果是国名,如the United States, the United Nations(UN)联合国, the Netherlands(荷兰),尽管带有复数词尾,但是单一政治实体, 故作单数用。
• 有时谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语,这就叫做 就近原则。
• Either my brothers or my father is coming.
• No one except his own supporters agree with him.
• 二、本身以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题 • 1)以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称,通常为单数 • Mumps(腮腺炎) is a kind of infectious disease(传染病)。 • Darts(投镖游戏) is essentially(本质上) a free and easy game. • essentially=in essence • 但也有个别表示游戏名称的名词作复数用 • Cards(打纸牌) are not allowed here. • 2) 以-ics结尾的学科名称:physics, mathematics, politics都用作单
• 三、以集体名词作主语的主谓一致问题
• 1)通常用作复数的集体名词:people, cattle
• Domestic cattle provide us with milk and beef. • 2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词:equipment, furniture,
merchandise(商品) • 3) 既可作单数也可复数的集体名词,如:audience, committee,
主谓一致的基本原则
主谓一致的根本原那么主谓一致有以下三条原那么:1)语法一致原那么,即在语法形式上取得一致。
例如,主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采取复数形式。
例如:The students are very young.This picture looks beautiful.2)意义一致原那么,即从意义着眼处理一致关系。
例如,主语形式虽是单数但意义是复数,谓语动词也采取复数形式;而有些主语形式虽是复数但意义上看作单数,谓语动词也采取单数形式。
1.The people in that country are fighting for independence.2.The crowd deeply respect their leader.3.Three years in a strange land seems a long time.3)就近原那么,即谓语动词的单数或复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
例如:Neither he nor I am going to see the film tonight because we are busy.Either ..or …2.主谓一致的用法根据以上三条原那么,主谓一致有如下用法:1)以下构造作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式a.表示时间、重量、长度、价值的名词作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式。
例如:1.Two hundred miles is a long distance.2.Ten dollars is a high price for that book.b.由anyone,anything,anybody,no one,nothing,everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,each,either,neither等不定代词作主语,谓语动词使用单数形式。
例如:1.Someone is knocking at the door.2.Anything is better than going to the movie tonight.c.由“a series of,a kind of,a portion of +名词〞作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式。
英语主谓一致十大总结(一)
前言在英语语法中,主谓一致是一个非常基础但又非常重要的知识点。
不管是在写作还是口语表达中,都需要正确使用主谓一致规则,以确保句子的表达清晰、准确。
下面将对英语主谓一致十大总结进行详细阐述。
一、基本规则主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
当主语是单数时,谓语动词要用单数形式;当主语是复数时,谓语动词要用复数形式。
二、特殊情况1. 连接词“and”连接的主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
2. 连接词“or”、“nor”连接的主语,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。
3. 当主语是“every”、“each”、“either”、“neither”等词时,谓语动词用单数形式。
4. 当主语是不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。
三、独立主格当主语是“there”时,谓语动词要与后面的真正主语保持一致。
四、定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致要与先行词保持一致。
五、数量词作主语当数量词作主语时,谓语动词取决于其后面的名词。
六、反身代词反身代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式要根据反身代词的人称和数来确定。
七、以复数形式结尾的词作主语以复数形式结尾的词作主语时,谓语动词使用复数形式。
八、主语是集体名词集体名词作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于说话者对集体名词的看法。
九、there is/there are结构“there is/there are”结构中的谓语动词要与后面的主语保持一致。
十、句子的倒装在倒装句中,谓语动词要与主语保持一致。
结尾通过以上总结,我们可以清晰地了解了英语主谓一致的基本规则和特殊情况。
在日常的写作和交流中,只有熟练掌握这些规则,才能在表达时避免语法错误,使我们的表达更加准确和通顺。
希望大家在学习英语的过程中多加注意主谓一致的使用,提高自己的语言表达能力。
主谓一致专项练习一(带答案)
主谓一致专项练习一高考真题1。
At present,one of the arguments in favor of the new airport that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area。
A。
is B. are C. will be D。
was2。
Dr. Smith,together with his wife and daughters,visit Beijing this summer.A. is going toB. are going toC. was going to D。
were going to3。
——Did you go to the show last night?——Yeah。
Every boy and every girl in the area invited。
A。
were B. have been C. has been D。
was4。
A survey of the opinions of experts that three hours of outdoor exercise a week good for one’s health。
A。
show ;are B。
shows ;is C。
show ;is D. shows ; are5。
As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the areaA。
need repairing B. needs to repair C。
needs repairing D。
need to repair用所给词的适当形式填空1。
In almost every case of job hunting,just stating the title of your degree (be)not an adequate description。
三种一致1
• Extra police are needed here. . The jury is going to give its(not their) ( ) verdict(做出裁决)in the murder case. (做出裁决) . The jury have different opinions about the verdict in the murder case.(陪审团成员对这 .(陪审团成员对这 .( 起谋杀案的裁决有不同的意见。) 起谋杀案的裁决有不同的意见。) The majority were(was)in favour of the ( ) proposal. . 注意:“ 后只能跟复数, 注意 “the majority of”后只能跟复数,作主语 后只能跟复数 谓语动词用复数。 时,谓语动词用复数。The majority of boys like playing football. .
• 10.表示重量,度量,衡量,价值,时间的复数名词 .表示重量,度量,衡量,价值, 或短语作主语,谓语常用单数。 或短语作主语,谓语常用单数。 Fifteen minutes seems a long time for one who waits. . A hundred and thirty dollars is a reasonable price for that fur coat. . 11.书名,报刊名,地名,国名,建筑物和机构的名 .书名,报刊名,地名,国名, 称即使以复数形式出现,谓语动词也要用单数。 称即使以复数形式出现,谓语动词也要用单数。 New York Times reports that at the massacre in Ahmici 103 Muslims,including 33 women and , children,were killed. , . The United States is in North America. . “The Virginians”is a good story.
【高职高考英语】主谓一致讲解 (1)
• 7. 由any-,some-,no-和-one,-thing,-body等所构成 • 的不定代词作主语。 • 8. 非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。
• Collecting stamps is what he likes.
• Whatever was left was taken away. • 9. 单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语。 • 10. one and a half+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用
谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?
We Chinese ____ a hard-working people.
A.is
B.are
C.is being D.are being
此题应选B。这里应注意的是:我们通常说 的是主谓一致(即谓语与主语保持一致),而不 是表谓一致(即不是谓语与表语一致),本题意 为:我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。
• 2. 1) Every … and (every)…
• 2) each …and (each… 3)no …and (no)…, • 4) many a …and (many a)…连接两个单数名词作
主语,谓语用单数。
• Every desk and every chair is made of wood.
• with , along with , together with , including , but , except , like , among , as well as , no more than , besides , rather than +名词”置于主语 后,谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在 单复数上保持一致。
单数 形式。如:
• One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。
主谓一致,非谓语动词语法
语法主谓一致主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。
但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
2 主谓一致中的就近原则1) 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
2)当either…or…与neither…nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。
如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
4 谓语需用单数1)代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。
2)当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。
3)表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。
(用复数也可,意思不变)。
5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数1)在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
2)集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。
如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体。
常见主谓一致最全总结(1)
必备英语常见主谓一致最全总结一、主谓一致1.--What do you think of the environment here, Mr. Wang?--Wonderful! of the land covered with trees and grass.A.Two fifths; is B.Two fifth; is C.Two fifths; are D.Two fifth; are【答案】A【解析】句意:——你认为这里的环境怎么样?——棒极了!五分之二的陆地被树木和草所覆盖。
根据选项可知,第一个空所缺的词为分数;分数的表达法为分子基数词,分母序数词,分子大于1,分母加s,所以五分之二的表达方法为two fifths,排除B,D;分数后面的名词为land,又知land意为“陆地,土地”,为不可数名词,根据主谓一致的原则,所以第二个空缺处应用is,故答案选A。
点睛:“分数或百分数+名词”等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词,如果是单数名词或不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。
如:Two fifths of the machines on display are new items. 展出的机器有五分之二是新产品。
70% of the meat has gone bad. 70%的肉都变质了。
2.Now the number of students who bedrooms of their own getting larger and larger. A.has;are B.have;is C.has;is D.Have;are【答案】B【解析】句意:现在拥有自己卧室的学生越来越多。
have动词,有;has动词三单,有。
is 是,动词单三形式;are是,主语为第一、二人称,以及第三人称复数。
定语从句Now the number of students who____ bedrooms of their own中,students为先行词,复数含义,所以定语从句谓语动词使用复数形式have。
02. 主谓一致(一)
什么叫“一致”? “一致” 一致” “一致”就是一种关系。 一致” “一致”(Concord或Agreement)指句子(包括 或 ) 分句)成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上 协调关 语法形式上 语法形式上的协调关 系。 主谓一致( 主谓一致(Subject-verb Concord)指主语和谓语 ) 动词之间在“人称”(Person)和“数”(Number) “人称” “ 的方面的一致关系,这又叫做“主-动一致” 动一致” “ (Subject-verb Concord)。主谓一致的关系跟 ) “性”(Gender)无关。 )
2.1 .
三个指导原则
这种一致关系常为三种不同的原则所支配, 即语法一致原则(Grammatical 语法一致原则( 语法一致原则 Concord),意义一致原则(Notional ),意义一致原则 ),意义一致原则( Concord / Meaning Agreement)和就近 ) 原则( 原则(Principle of Proximity)。 ) 在实际使用中,只是根据具体情况,在三 种一致关系当中选用其中的一种即可。
意义一致的案例1 意义一致的案例
2.1.3 就近原则”?接近原则 就近原则/接近原则 就近原则 什么叫做“就近原则” “
谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近 最靠近它 最靠近 的词语(主要指左边或右边的名词或者代 词)的单、复数形式,而非与主语的中心 词相一致,这种一致关系所依据的原则叫 做“就近原则”。典型的比如在存在句中 “就近原则” 的使用。 注意: 注意:“就近原则”最具有争议性,也同 时最令中国学生在学习中感到困惑。主要 主要 出现在随便的话语中。 出现在随便的话语中。
United States(美国),the United Nations(联合国),the Netherlands(荷 兰)等,尽管带有复数词尾,但系一单一 单一 政治实体,系专有名词,故作单数用。 单数用 政治实体 单数 若不是国名 不是国名,而是群岛、山脉、海峡 不是国名 (Straits, Channel)、瀑布等地理名称, 通常作复数用。 作复数用
2020年高考必考点专题08主谓一致(高效演练)(英语 解析版) (1)
一.单句语法填空1. The number of people invited ______ (be)fifty, but a number of them _______ (be)absent for different reasons.【答案】was; were【解析】考查主谓一致。
第一个空前的“The number of people invited 被邀请的人数”做主语,谓语动词用单数;第二空前的“a number of them他们中的很多人”做主语,谓语动词用复数。
又根据句意“被邀请的人数是50,但是其中很多人都因为不同原因而缺席”可知这两个空都用一般过去时,故填was;were。
2. E-mail, as well as telephones, ________ (play)an important part in daily communication.【答案】is playing【解析】考查主谓一致。
as well as 连接两个名词做主语,谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致,故填is playing。
句意:电子邮件和电话一样,在日常交流中扮演着重要的角色.3. Two fifths of the land in that district ______(be) covered with trees and grass.【答案】 is【解析】考查主谓一致。
本句的主语是“Two fifths of the land ”,是分数+名词结构,其后面的谓语动词有名词形式保持一致,故填is。
句意:那个地区五分之二的土地被树木和草所覆盖。
4. Ten minutes ______ (seem)a long time for one who waits.【答案】seems【解析】考查主谓一致。
表示时间复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数即把主语作一个整体来看。
故填seems。
5. Eric is the only one of the boys who _____ (have)a driving license.【答案】has【解析】考查主谓一致。
高考英语主谓一致知识点真题汇编附解析(1)
高考英语主谓一致知识点真题汇编附解析(1)一、选择题1.The dictionary as well as the grammar books that ________ bookmarks in them ________ Jane.A.has; belong to B.have; belongs toC.have; is belonged to D.has; are belonged to2.The people trapped in the ruins ____________ that rescue teams ____________ here without delay.A.desire; are sent B.desiring; were sentC.desire; be sent D.desiring; be sent3.It is reported that many a new house ________ at present in the disaster area.A.are being built B.were being builtC.was being built D.is being built4.At the foot of the hill ________ a big lake surrounded by trees.A.lays B.is laying C.lies D.is lying5.When and where we shall bulid a larger home for the aged ________ to be discussed by the local government.A.remains B.remain C.is remained D.are remaining 6.Neither Mary nor her parents ________ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot. A.has informed B.have informedC.has been informed D.have been informed7.John is one of the best writers who ______ published a lot of books.A.has B.have C.have been D.are8.A famous dancer and singer ________ invited to the party and it was a great success.A.was B.were C.is D.are9.About _______ of the workers in that steel works _______ young people.A.third-fifths; are B.three-fifths; are C.three-fifths; is D.third-fifths; is 10.We have decided that either you or the headmaster ______ the prize to those gifted students at the meeting tomorrow.A.is handing out B.are to hand out C.are handing out D.is to hand out 11.A great number of small power stations _____ up in their province since 1960.A.are set B.have set C.have been set D.will have been set 12.Linda, together with her brothers, _______spending the holiday in Chile when the strong earthquake broke out.A.was B.were C.is D.are13.As is well known, our success in life depends on our determination to grasp opportunities that ________ to us.A.present B.are presenting C.are presented D.have presented 14.—Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now?—Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who _____ to lead the group _____ asked to be at theschool gate before 6:30 in the morning.A.is; is B.are; are C.are; is D.is; are 15.Regular exercise along with proper diets____our health in the long term.A.benefits B.has benefited C.benefit D.have benefited 16."Since 2008, emerging economies including China _______ two-thirds of the real wealth gain," the investment bank said in a blog post.A.accounts for B.has accounted for C.have accounted for D.accounted for 17.Once environment damage ________, it takes many years for the government to recover. A.has done B.is to do C.does D.is done 18.—How can I live my dreams in a short time?—Be practical. Between you and your dreams ________ a lot of hard work.A.stand B.standsC.is standing D.are standing19.The father along with his children ______ solving word puzzles.A.are like B.is like C.like D.likes20.The publication of Great Expectations, which ________ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading nov elist.A.is B.areC.was D.were21.More than one passenger ________ injured in the air crash.A.were B.is C.are D.was22.Two fifths of the highway ________ so far.A.has been completed B.was completedC.have been completed D.has completed23.The number of people, who have access to their own cars, ______ sharply in the past decade. A.rose B.is rising C.have risen D.has risen24.of the students in our class going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.A.Two fifths, is B.Second fifths, are C.Second fifths, is D.Two fifths, are 25.The coach, together with his players, __________ to the party held last Friday night, aiming to celebrate their win in the match.A.was invited B.were invited C.has been invited D.have been invited 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.B解析:B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查主谓一致及语态。
高考英语临考冲刺 语法讲解 非谓语动词作主语时的主谓一致(1)
2014届高考英语临考冲刺语法讲解:非谓语动词作主语时的主谓一致非谓语动词(主要指不定式或动名词)作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。
如:1. 动名词作主语Having to change trains is a small inconvenience. 换乘火车多少有些不便。
Being deaf and dumb makes communication very difficult. 又聋又哑很难与人交往。
Watching the event on television was a poor substitute for actually being there. 从电视上观看那个比赛比现场观看可差远了。
Reading by artificial light is bad for the eyes. 阅读时使用人工照明会损害眼睛。
Writing a dictionary is a long and difficult business but we’re getting there. 编写词典是费时费事的工作, 但我们一定能成功。
Writing a book was a more difficul t job than he’d thought. 写书这工作可比他原来想像的难得多。
2. 不定式作主语To say you were ignorant of the rules is no excuse. 说自己不知道规则是不能成为藉口的。
How to earn daily bread by my pen was then the problem. 如何靠我的笔维持生计在当时是一难题。
To have such an easy examination paper was a gift from the gods. 碰到这样容易的考卷, 那是老天爷的恩赐。
To say you were ignorant of the rules is no excuse. 说自己不知道规则是不能成为藉口的。
高中英语语法全解-主谓一致
第十六章主谓一致主谓一致(concord),是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数上的一致。
英语中动词be的变化形式最多,如I am,You are,He is,We are等。
主语I一定要用am 的动词形式,这就叫“主谓一致”。
一、主谓一致的三个原则主谓一致涉及三个基本原则,即语法一致原则(principle of grammatical concord)、意义一致原则(principle of notional concord)和就近原则(principle of proximity)。
A.语法一致语法一致是指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系,主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;反之,谓语动词用复数形式。
My child has no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子不想与我一起度假。
My children have no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子们不想与我一起度假。
B.意义一致意义一致是说谓语动词的单、复数要取决于主语所表达的概念,而不取决于表面上的语法标记。
1. 主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。
The only people who are interested in the book seem to be lawyers. 唯一对这本书感兴趣的人好像是律师。
The majority of primary school teachers are women. 大多数小学老师都是女的。
2. 主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。
No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。
Billiards is becoming more and more popular in some cities. 桌球在一些城市里越来越受欢迎。
C.就近原则就近原则是指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时,谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致。
主谓一致ppt课件完整版
03 主语为复数名词时主谓一 致规则
复数形式及变化规律
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一般情况下,在名词词尾加-s 构成复数形式。
以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词,在 词尾加-es构成复数形式。
以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变 y为i再加-es构成复数形式。
以f或fe结尾的名词,多数变f 为v再加-es构成复数形式。
主谓一致ppt课件完整版
目录
• 主谓一致基本概念 • 主语为单数名词时主谓一致规则 • 主语为复数名词时主谓一致规则 • 主语为并列结构时主谓一致规则 • 特殊情况下主谓一致规则 • 总结与练习
01 主谓一致基本概念
定义与作用
定义
主谓一致指的是主语和谓语在人称 和数上保持一致的关系。
作用
确保句子结构的正确性和表达的准 确性。
针对性练习题目
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选择题
针对主谓一致的不同情况, 设计多个选择题,包括基 本规则和特殊情况。
改错题
提供含有主谓一致错误的 句子,要求学生找出并改 正错误。
写作题
要求学生撰写一篇短文, 特别注意主谓一致的正确 使用。
答案解析及讲解
选择题解析
详细解释每个选项的正确性或错 误性,以及为什么选择该答案。
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如果or/nor连接的两个并列主语指 的不是同一个人或物,谓语动词通 常与靠近它的主语保持一致,即就 近原则。
由either…or…连接并列主语
当either…or…连接两个并列主 语时,谓语动词通常与靠近它的
主语保持一致,即就近原则。
如果either…or…连接的两个并 列主语指的是同一个人或物,谓
忽略主语的单复数形式
【英语】主谓一致经典例题经典1
【英语】主谓一致经典例题经典1一、主谓一致1.Not only children but also my husband______crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea (《红海行动》A.is B.are C.am D.be【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:不仅仅是孩子,而且我的丈夫也对<<红海行动>>疯狂。
A. is是,第三人称单数;B. are是,第一、二和第三人称复数;C. am是,主语为I; D. be是,be动词原形。
Not only...but also...不但...而且..., 当并列主语时,谓语动词形式的确定根据“就近原则”。
故选:A。
【点睛】谓语动词的确定依据“就近原则”的有:there be+句型; or ; either …or;nor; neither…nor;whether…or;not…but; not only…but also…等。
2.There is only one position. The boss has to choose Jack Tom to be a manager. A.both; and B.neither; norC.either; or D.not only; but also【答案】C【解析】句意:只有一个位置,老板必须选择或者杰克或者汤姆作为经理。
根据句意因为只有一个位置,结合选项,推测意思是老板不得不选择杰克或汤姆当经理,即固定短语either…or…,或者…或者,故答案选C。
点睛:A. both; and两者都…,连接两个不同的词语作主语时,谓语动词用复数;B. neither; nor既不…也不…;C. either; or或者…或者…;D. not only; but also不仅…而且…;B、C、D三个选项在连接两个不同的词语作主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致,就是我们所说的“就近原则”。
人教版必修四第一单元语法:主谓一致
Unit 1 Women Of Achievement主语和谓语动词的一致(Agreement between subject and verb)基本含义:主语要和谓语动词保持人称和数的一致。
I am seventeen.She is sixteen.主谓一致有以下几种情况:(一)并列主语的主谓一致1. 两个单数名词由and 连接,作主语时,表示两个不同的概念,谓语动词用复数。
My brother and I have both seen the film.我和我的哥哥都看过这部电影。
Steam and ice are different form of water.蒸汽和冰是水的不同形式。
2.两个单数名词由and 连接,表示同一人、同一物或同一概念,或表示不可分割的整体时,谓语动词用单数。
The professor and writer is speaking at themeeting .(表示同一人)那位教授作家正在会上发言。
A poet and novelist has visited our school .(表示同一人)一位诗人兼小说家参观了我们学校。
War and peace is a constant theme in history .(表示同一概念)战争与和平是历史永恒的主题。
The knife and fork is on the desk.(表示不可分割的整体)刀叉在桌子上。
3 .被every ,each ,many a ,no 修饰的单数名词由and 连接,谓语动词用单数。
Each boy and (each) girl /Every boy and (every) girl has an appl e .每个男孩和女孩都有一个苹果。
Many a teacher and (many) a stud ent has seen the film.许多老师和学生都看过这部电影。
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主谓一致杂。
这是因为在不同情况下,处理这一问题所依据的原则各不相同。
就其在现代语法中的基本原则而言,通常有三个不同角度的着眼点:1、语法一致2、意义一致3、就近原则。
主谓一致的原则是指,主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式。
例如:A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language. (主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式)语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。
Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language. (主语是复数形式,谓语也采取复数形式)语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。
主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致的问题远不只上述的那么简单,有许多方面的情况需要去具体地对待:1. 不定式、动名词、以及从句作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数。
例如:Reading often means learning .读书常意味是学习。
To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.每天早晨朗读英语有许多好处。
What he said has been recorded .他说的话已被录音了。
2. 不定代词one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither, many a 等作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数。
例如:Neither of my sisters likes sports .我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动。
Many a student takes a walk on campus after dinner.许多学生晚饭后常在校园里散步。
Every boy and girl shows great interest in extra-curriculum activities .每个男孩和女孩对课外活动都表现出很大的兴趣。
3. 表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数。
例如:One Thousand And One Nights tells people lots of mysterious bits of folklore .《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。
The United States is leading the world in science and technology .美国常在世界科技方面领先。
The United Nations play an important role in the international affairs .联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。
4. a portion, a series of, a kind of, the number of等与名词构成名词短语作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数。
例如:A series of high technology products has been laid out in the exhibition. 一系列高科技产品已在展览上展出。
The number of printing mistakes in some recent books often surprises people even to death.近来一些书籍里印刷错误的数量让人吃惊得要命。
A substantial portion of the reports is missing .这些报告都没有提及实质问题。
A kind of rose in the garden smells very pleasant.这座花园里有一种玫瑰香气怡人。
5. 由some, several, both, few, many, a number of 等词修饰主语、或是由它们自身作主语时应看作复数,谓语动词用复数。
另外,由and连接两个主语时,谓语一般用复数。
例如:On the seashore, some people are playing volleyball and some are lying in the sun. 海边,有些人在打排球,有些人躺着晒太阳。
Both of us are fond of watching football games .我们俩都喜欢看足球赛。
A number of will-be graduates are voluntarily going to work in the West of China. 许多即将毕业的学生打算自愿去中国西部工作。
6. 有些短语,如:a lot of, most of, any of, half of , three fifths of, eighty percent of, some of, none of, the rest of , all of等后接不可数名词、或是单数形式的名词作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果后接可数名词的复数形式作主语时应看作复数,谓语动词用复数。
例如:A lot of money in the shop was stolen yesterday when the electricity was suddenly cut off. 昨天突然断电时,那家商店丢失了许多钱。
A lot of books about Investment Fund have been published recently.最近出版了许多关于投资基金的书籍。
意义一致( Notional Concord )这一原则是指,从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题。
有时主语形式上为单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语依意义也用复数形式;而有时主语形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数,那么谓语依意义亦用单数形式。
1. 当主语后面接由as well as, as much as, accompanied by, including, in addition to, more than, no less than, rather than, together with等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的形式要依主语的单复数而定。
在这样的句子里,这些词所引导的词组不影响主语自身的单、复数形式,它们在句子里其实是状语。
也就是说,我们完全可以将这些词组搬到句首或是放到句末去。
从表面上我们也可以看出,它们与主语之间有","隔开。
例如:Petroleum, along with fuel gas, has recently risen in price.最近石油和燃料煤气的价格上涨了。
The teacher, with all his students, is going to have a picnic this weekend.老师打算这个周末与学生们一起去野炊。
The students, together with their teacher , are going to have a picnic this weekend.学生们打算这个周末与他们的老师一起去野炊。
The warehouse, with all its stockings, was burned last night.昨晚,那个仓库连同其所有的货物一起被烧毁了。
我们完全可以将上面句子中的那些词组都分别搬到句首或是放到句末去,因为它们在句子里是状语:Petroleum has recently risen in price, along with fuel gas.Along with fuel gas, petroleum has recently risen in price.The students are going to have a picnic this weekend together with their teacher.As well as the suitcase, the missing things have been found and returned to the owner.The missing things have been found and returned to the owner, as well as the suitcase.2. 表示时间、金钱、距离、体积、重量、面积、数字等词语作主语时,其意义若是指总量应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果其意义是指"有多少数量"则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数。
例如:Four weeks are often approximately regarded as one month.人们常大约地将四个星期看成一个月。
Twenty years stands for a long period in one's life.二十年在人的一生里意味着一个很长的时期。
Eighty dollars are enough for a student to spend on food for one week.八十块钱给一个学生吃一个月的伙食是足够的了。
3. 形容词前加定冠词即"the + 形容词"作主语时,其意义若是指个人或是抽象概念应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果其意义是指一类人则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数。
例如:The young, on the one hand, often think of the old conservative. On the other hand, the old always consider the young inexperience.一方面,青年人常认为老年人保守;另一方面,老年人总是认为青年人没有经验。
In many stories, the good are well rewarded and the bad are doomed to unfortunate. 在许多故事里,好人总是有好报;坏人注定要倒霉。
4. 当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一物、同一事或者同一概念时,应看作单数,谓语动词用单数。
另外,当and 连接两个形容词去修饰一个单数形式的主语时,其实是指两种不同的事物,主语则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数。